Presentation on Industrial Automation Using PLC

7/24/2019 Presentation on Industrial Automation Using PLC

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Presentation on

Industrial AutomationUsing PLC


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INTRODUCTION

The project mainly tells about the slicingof bread that is kept on the conveyorbelt.

An IR SENSR is placed !hich !illultimately sense the bread on theconveyor belt and energi"es the slicingmachine in order to perform the task.


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Components

#$% IR SENSR %N&E'R (E$T )TR S)#S


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Block Diagram :


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About PLC:

A programmable logic controller* #$%* orprogrammable controller is a digitalcomputer used for automation of

typically industrial electromechanicalprocesses* such as control of machineryon factory


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can Time :


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Rela# t#pe instructions :

These ladder instructions arearranged to obtain the desiredcontrol logic .


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$%amine I& ClosedInstruction:

This symbol refers to the anyinput.

%an be any s!itch *pushbutton *acontact from a connected output.

0as a bit level one !hen

e1amined for an n condition.

The status of bit can be either 2or ,.


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$%amine I& OpenInstruction

This symbol refers to the anyinput.

%an be any s!itch*pushbutton *a contactfrom a connected output.

0as a bit level one !hene1amined for an 3 condition.

The status can either be , or 2.


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Output $nergi'eInstruction

The processor makes thisinstruction true !hen thereis true path of 4I% and 4%instruction in the rung.

It basically represents the

output that is beingcontrolled by somecombination of logic inputs.


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Output energi'es instruction(True


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)itc*ed "ode Po)er uppl#:

An electrical po!er supply that incorporates as!itching regulator to convert electrical po!ere5ciently.

It transfers po!er from a source* to a load* !hileconverting voltage and current characteristics.


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Ad+antages o& "P o+er LinearPo)er upplies:

,. $o!er !eight -. Smaller si"e . 0igher e5ciency 6. $o!er po!er dissipation 7. 8ide ac input voltage range 9. Reduced costs

:isadvantages of S)#S+,. %omple1ity of the circuit


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Block diagram o& a "P

,- Input recti.er stage: It is used to con+ert an ac input to dc- A

"P )it* dc input does not re/uire t*isstage- T*e recti.er produces unregulated dc)*ic* is t*en passed t*roug* t*e .lter circuit-


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0- In+erter stage: T*e in+erter stage con+erts DC1 )*et*er directl# &rom t*e

input or &rom t*e recti.er stage described abo+e1 to AC b#running it t*roug* a po)er oscillator1 )*ose outputtrans&ormer is +er# small )it* &e) )indings at a &re/uenc# o&tens or *undreds o& kilo*ert'-

3- Output trans&ormer: I& t*e output re/uired is to be isolated &rom input1 t*e

in+erted AC is used to dra) t*e primar# )indings o& a *ig*

&re/uenc# trans&ormer- T*is con+erts t*e +oltage up or do)nto t*e re/uired output le+el on it4s secondar# )inding-

5- Output recti.er: I& t*e dc output is re/uired1 t*e ac output &rom t*e

trans&ormer is recti.ed-

6- Regulation:( 7eedback circuit monitors t*e output +oltage and compares it

)it* t*e re&erence +oltage-

In our pro8ect )e are using t*e "P to con+ert ac to 05 +dc1)*ic* is t*en used as t*e po)er suppl# &or plc-


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IR $NOR

Infrared sensor is used to sense the object. An emitter is simply an IR led . The detector is simply an IR photodiode *

sensetive to the light of same !avelength usedby the IR $E:.

8hen IR light falls on the photodiode* Theresistances and the output voltages* change inproportion to the magnitude of the light received

by the IR sensor The output of the sensor !ill acts as input of the

plc for controlling . 7& Supply is given to the sensor.


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;eared :% motors can be de


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Internal tructure

n opening the outer plastic casing of the gear head* gear assemblies on the top as !ell as onbottom part of the gear head are visible. These gear assemblies are highly lubricated !ith greaseso as to avoid any sort of !ear and tear due to frictional forces. Sho!n belo! is the top part of thegear head. It is connected to rotating shaft and has one gear that allo!s the rotation. A strongcircular imprint sho!s the presence of the gear that rotates the gear at the upper portion.


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Bottom !ear Assembl#A closer look at the bottom gear assembly sho!s the structure and connection !ith other gears.

;ear assembly@s association !ith the motor bottom gear assemblyB can be understood !ith thehelp of the image sho!n belo!.

The gear assembly is set up on t!o metallic cylinders !hose !orking can be called as similar to

that of an a1le. A total of three gears combine on these t!o cylinders to form the bottom gearassembly out of !hich t!o gears share the same a1le !hile one gear comes in bet!een them andtakes a separate a1le.The gears are basically in form of a small sprocket but since they are not connected by a chain*they can be termed as duple1 gears in terms of a second cog arrangement coa1ially over the base.Among the three gears* t!o are e1actly same !hile the third one is bigger in terms of the numberof teeth at the upper layer of the duple1 gear. The third gear is connected to the gear at the upperportion of the gear head. The manner in !hich they are located near the upper part of the gearhead can be seen through the image sho!n belo!.

The combination of bottom gear assembly !ith the upper one can be seen do!n under.

Date post:	22-Feb-2018
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Presentation on Industrial Automation Using PLC

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