APresentation on

“MCTS & CCNA”Degree of

Bachelor of technology in

Electronics & Comm. Engineering(Rajasthan Technical University)

Submitted to: Submitted by:Prof. Danveer Rajpal Arpit PrajapatHOD ECE dept. 12EVEEC005

ECE, 7TH SEM

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MCTS OverviewStands for Microsoft Certified Technology

SpecialistIt`s a thorough study of the servers and basic

security in a network of any organization, industries etc at an associate level.

Training over live networks and various roles and features in a server.

Training undergoes working with Microsoft Server 2008R2 ENTERPRISE.

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IPWhat is IP ?What is IP addressing ?Types of IP addressing ?Classes of IP .What is sub-netting ?What is VLSM ?

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Types of IP IP

IPv4 IPv6 (decimal (hexadecimal

no. system) no. system)32 bits 128 bits

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IPv4 addressingUnique 32 bit Binary address, used to identify a

system on a Network or Internet. Minimum range – 0.0.0.0Maximum range – 255.255.255.255Classes of IPv4 –

Class A - 1 to 127 Class B - 128 to 191 Class C - 192 to 223 Class D - 224 to 239 Class E - 240 to 255

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Network and Host IDs Each IP address is divided into two parts Network part, defined by net-id identifies

a network Host part, defined by host-id identifies a

host within a network .

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Classes of IP Class A

Network Bits = 7 No. of Networks = 27 - 1 = 127 Host Bits = 24 No. of Host/NW = 224 - 2 = 16 Million Range: 0.0.0.0 to 127.255.255.255

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Class B

Network Bits = 14 No. of Networks = 214 - 1 = 16,383 Host Bits = 16 No. of Host/NW = 216 - 2 = 65,234 Range: 128.0.0.0 to 191.255.255.255

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Class C

Network Bits = 21 No. of Networks = 221 - 1 = 2 Million Host Bits = 8 No. of Host/NW = 28 - 2 = 254 Range: 192.0.0.0 to 223.255.255.255

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Sub-nettingSub-netting is dividing a network into several smaller

parts (subnets), each having its own sub-network address. Why we do sub-netting ?

More efficient and structured utilization of IP address.In subnets we use Subnet Mask or Net Mask .

Subnet mask - Its used to determine network part of the address for a given IP address.

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Types of serverTower serverRack mount serverBlade server

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DHCP serverStands for dynamic host concentration protocol .It works upon the port no. 67 at the client site .It works upon the port no. 68 at the server site .DHCP allot IP address on the basis of lease days.It assigns IP address according to DORA process .It supports authentication , reservation , Mac filter .

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DNS serverStands for Domain Name Services .It works on the port no. 53 .It consist of two zones.

Forward lookup zone Reverse lookup zone

‘A’ record is maintained for Ipv4 addressing .‘AAAA’ record is maintained for IPv6 addressing .

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Web serverIt is a server operating system with web

services which is called IIS .IIS stands for Internet Information Services

in a windows server.By default it understand 3 types of web

pages- Index.html Default.html Default.ASP

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How Web & DNS work together

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Other roles in 2k8Software routersActive Directory Domain servicesCluster servicesNap serverMail serverNNTP serverFTP serverRDP server (Application Mode)VPN & NAT

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CCNA OverviewStands for Cisco Certified Network Associate Various kinds of Routers and Switches , their

protocols are studied in this course curriculum.Worked upon various Cisco routers such as 2610, 2811,

1841, 3640, 2520, 2821, 2621, 2503 and Cisco Switches 2950.

Study of these routers and their configuration was a major part of the training.

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Cisco router Routing is the process of forwarding a packet from one

network to another network, based on the Network-layer header. Routers build routing tables to perform forwarding decisions, which contain the following:

The destination network and subnet mask .The next hop router to get to the destination network . Routing matrics and Administrative Distance .

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Cisco Router

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Cisco switchIt is a non junction device .It is a manageable device .It is generally of 16 or 24 port .It is best use for ideal desktop connectivity .

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Routing protocolsBasically routing protocol works on two types of protocol

Distance vector algorithmLink state algorithm .

Distance vector algorithmRIP RIP v2IGRP

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Link state algorithmEIGRPOSPF

Distance Vector algorithm – Neighboring nodes send information in regular

time interval.Install routes directly in tables .The information sent are all routes from the

tables .Link state algorithm –

Link state algorithm is the information generated by every router describing its local interface in an area.

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Routing information protocolRip is a standardized Distance Vector protocol, designed

for use on smaller networks .Rip sends out periodic routing updates (every 30 sec).Rip sends out the full routing table every periodic update.

Characteristics –Rip has a maximum hop count of 15 hops.

RIP has second version also known as RIP v2.Routing update sent via multicast , using address

224.0.0.9

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Open Shortest Path FirstOSPF standardized Link state routing protocol, designed

to scale efficiently to support larger networks.OSPF sends its update when there is change to one of its

links, and will only send the change in the update .Characteristics –

OSPF send HELLO packet to enabled interface every 10 sec.

OSPF update sent via multicast address 224.0.0.5 (all OSPF router) & 224.0.0.6 (all designated routers).

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Thank you

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Any Queries ?

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