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PRESENTED BY
RASHI GAUR
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Contents:
Introduction of nano science
Nano medicine
Its Applications Nano Medicine in India
Challenges
Conclusion References
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NANOSCIENCE Nano science is concerned with materials and systems
whose structures and components exhibit novel andsignificantly improved physical, chemical and biologicalproperties, phenomena and processes, because oftheir small nano scale size.
Structural features in the range of about 10 to 1000. Once we are able to control feature size, we can
enhance material properties and device functionsbeyond those that we currently know or even imagine.
Nanoscience is a new way of thinking about building upcomplex materials and machines by exquisite control ofthe functionality of their matter and its assembling atthe nanometre scale. Nanoscience provides a wayahead to the boundaries of every discipline in which it
is used.
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NANO MEDICINE
the application of nanotechnology (the
engineering of tiny machines) to the
prevention and treatment of disease in the
human body.
Potential Cures to:
I. CancerII. Degenerative Diseases
III. Ageing
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APPLICATIONS
Diagnosis using nanomedicine-Diagnostic nano apparatus could beattached to keep check of the internal chemistry of the body. Mobile nanorobots,with wireless transmitters easily circulate in the blood and lymph systems andsend out alerts when chemical imbalances appear in the blood.
Nervous system tracking:-Nanomedicine has also helped doctors tobetter understand the phenomenal changes in the human nervous systems.Fixed nano machines could be inserted in the nervous system of the human bodyto monitor pulse rate, brain activity, and other important functions
Drugs dispersion:-Live saving drugs are one of the important ingredientsin the latest medicines but its unusual and excess usage could cause death.Nanomedicine also has successful applications for the reduction of extra drugsfrom human body. Implantation of nanomedicine devices could disperse drugs orhormones as required in people with chronic imbalance or deficiency states.
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Heart and ECG machine:-Advanced and fullyequipped nanomedical heart trackers are present in thefamous hospitals to accurately track the heart beat and itsdown falls and also for treating it as needed in the body.. Inhuman heart defibrillators and pacemakers, nanodevices could
influence the behaviour of individual cells.
Artificial antibodies:-Nanomedicine was the first toconceptualize the artificial red and white blood cells and later onit successfully showed the positive results. Cancer patients arenow treated by injecting artificial red blood cells to balance thehuman body blood level. Artificial antibodies, white & red bloodcells and antiviral nanorobots could be considered assuccessful applications of nanomedicine.
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Nano MedicineInIndia
India, with one sixth population of the world,offers a huge market and an even biggerchallenge for health care experts.
Almost 40% of the pharma products
produced in India are produced from thissingle State of India-Gujarat. Also, over the years, this place has emerged
as the centre for medical treatment not only forIndia but also for patients from the European
and other foreign countries. State of the art hospitals with world class
infrastructure facilities including diagnostic,testing and treatment abilities have come up.
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Challenges
A Surgery causes wounds which take long time to heal. Cancer therapy is damaging to many other important parts. The trial and error method of drugs have side effects. Organ transplantation may result into crippling the entire immune
system. Many health problems cannot be cured at all . The present practice to deliver a chemical in the body is to dump it into
either the blood stream or the stomach, and let it spread all through thebody.
For some chemicals like insulin, it is acceptable. But for others, such aschemotherapy drugs and some antibiotics, it is best to keep them aslocal as possible.
Strategic nano techniques can help the humanity to put drug deliverydevices right where they are needed.
Nano medicines and nano tech machines have created the possibility ofdiagnosing, treating and preventing disease with the use of smart drugsand equipments that target specific organs or cells.
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Portable diagnostic nano kits are being developed like theones available for sugar and pregnancy test, no need to goto a lab or wait for hours for the report
In eliminating bacterial infections in a patient, it can be donewithin minutes through nanotechnology enabled medicines,instead of treating with antibiotics over a period of few
weeks. To perform surgery at the cellular level: this will help
removing individual diseased cells and even repairingdefective portions of individual cells.
With drugs and surgery, the physicians presently cause the
tissues to repair themselves. Whereas nano enabledmolecular machines will affect more direct repairs, thusbringing a total revolution in medical science.
Substantial increase in the human lifespan: by Strategicallyrepairing cellular level conditions that cause the body to ageby use of nanotechnology
Easy and cheap diagnostics
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Conclusion
There is a huge range of Nanomedicinedevices which involves medical applications .
In the field of medical and biological worldnanomedicine has great significant as these
applications have facilitated the mankind so well. There are many instruments, devices and machineswhich nanomedicine has introduced.
Nanomedicine have significant applications in theworld of medical sciences.
Its one of the major technologies which has highlysupported the entire field of medicine.
One of the biggest advantage of naonomedicine isthat it can transform common medical proceduresinto faster one with 90 percent accuracy rate.
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References Braun, T., A. Schubert, and S. Zsindely. 1997. Nanoscience
and nanotechnology on the balance. Scientometrics : 321-325. http://www.research.ibm.com/atomic/nano/abacus.gif
Schummer, J. 2004. Multidisciplinarity, Interdisciplinarity, andResearch Collaboration in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology.Scientmetrics 59 (3): 423-465.
Maynard A, Rejeski D (2009) too small to overlook. NatNanotech 460:174.
Roco, M. and C. Teague. 2004. National nanotechnologyinitiative planning for the next five years. In Nationalnanotechnology: from vision to commercialization. Availableat http://www.infocastinc.com/NNI/nnioverview.htm Accessed11/25/2004.
http://www.foresight.org/Nanomedicine/ http://www.foresight.org/EOC/ http://www.nanobmi.com/
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Thank you