PRESENTATION ON PERFORMANCE OF IC ENGINES USING VEGETABLE OIL

BYG.AKHIL

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

INTRODUCTION

•In the present industrialized world, the consumption ofpetroleum products has become an index of country’s prosperity .

• The consumption of petroleum products has started as a few tons/year about 140 years ago has reached over 3000 million metric tons/year.

•Vehicle population is increasing considerably and according to the Association of Indian Automobile Manufacturer (AIAM).

•The increased use of petroleum fuels by automobiles in India is not only causing fuel scarcities, price hikes, higher import bills and economic imbalance.

• Hence, there is a need to substitute conventional petroleum fuels by suitable eco-friendly alternative fuels such as natural gas, bio fuels etc.

• We suggest the solution to these twin problems of fuel scarcity and exhaust pollution lies in utilizing bio fuels to the maximum extent.

PONGAMAI OIL – A CASE STUDY:

• PONGAMIA PIMMATA is the botanical name for KANUGA in Telugu, HONGE in Kannada and KARANJ in Hindi.

• Most of trees based oil seeds yield about 25% oil and 79% cake considering 5% losses in the process of oil extraction.

• The cake has multiple uses but if it becomes available in large quantities, the sludge can be used as a quality fertilizer.

• This PONGAMIA can grow anywhere –road sides, borders of crop lands, school compounds etc.

TECHNICAL DATA:

• PONGAMIA-OIL is a deep yellow, or reddish- brown oil extracted from the seeds of east Indian tree PONGAMIA.

• The various physical properties of PONGAMIA oil have been determined experimentally and are compared with those of diesel.

• Most of the properties except its viscosity are nearer to diesel properties which makes it so suitable for diesel.

TEST RESULTS• Pongamia oil has been directly used in a

diesel engine with 25%, 50 % 75% and finally 100% pongamia.

• Performance is found to be satisfactory with clear smoke. But at the same time some minor problems like chocking of fuel filter, restricted fuel flow are found.

• It’s worth mentioning here that an oil extraction unit is also made available to the people by the tribal welfare department under ‘VELUGU’ project

has one year.

ECONOMICS OF PONGAMAI OIL:

• The pongamia tree yields about 160 kilos of seeds per year and about 10 to 15 tones of seeds per hectare.

• One kilo of oil generates three units of electricity, and the economics of this entire works out too much lower than the current price of diesel.

• Local price of pongamia seeds per kg = Rs 5.00• Oil extraction and transportation charges per kg = Rs 1.00• Now, cost of 4 kilos of seeds = 4*5 = Rs .20.00• Oil extraction cost = 4*1 = Rs 4.00• Total cost = Rs .24.00• Income from sale of 3 kilos of cake = 3*4.50 = Rs .13.50

SOYA BEAN OIL AS LUBRICANT• SOYA BEAN OIL CAN BE USED AS A LUBRICANT • IT IS HAVING GOOD PROPERTIES• IT CAN BE IMPLEMENTED IN IC ENGINES• AND IT CAN BE USED AS A FUEL ALSO• LESS POLLUTION• SAFE FOR ENVIRONMENT

BUS RUNNING ON SOYA BEAN OIL

USES

• GOOD FOR ENVIRONMENT• LESS COST• High efficiency• FUTURE SCOPE

CONCLUSIONS & RECOMENDATIONS

• It is possible to replace fossil fuels (diesel) with all its economic and ecological disadvantages, with bio fuels which are renewable.

• Projects involving large scale growing of non-edible vegetable oils useful as biodiesels should be encouraged.

• Vehicles running on such oils should be continuously demonstrated in all major cities and towns to popularize the concept and thus the gap between technology and end user should be bridged.

• 30 Million-hectare equivalent can completely replace current use of fossil fuels which will eliminate the spending of 6 Billion dollars for importing oils.

REFERENCES:• Internal combustion engine fundamentals- JOHN-B-WAYHOOD

• Internal combustion engines-

• V.GANESHAN - Exhaust emissions of a DI diesel engine with blends of biodiesel

• SAE paper 1997 Compatibility of elastomers and metals in biodiesel

fuel blends-SAE paper 19Energy fact sheet-energy educators of Ontario- 1993

SAY GOOD BYE TO NON RENEWABLE RESOURCES

THANK YOU