Presentation on Telecommunication Network

8/18/2019 Presentation on Telecommunication Network

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Telecommunications and Networks


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Learning Objectives

Identify major developments and trends in the

industries, technologies, and business

applications of telecommunications andInternet technologies.

Identify the basic components, functions, and

types of telecommunications networks used

in business.


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ection I

The Networked !nterprise


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Networking the !nterprise

Networking business and employees

"onnecting them to customers,

suppliers, and other stakeholders.


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Trends in Telecommunications

Industry#ore competitive

#ore options for the firmTechnology$nrestricted connectivity !asy access for end users

Open systems $se common standards for hardware, software,

applications, % networking.


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Trends in Telecommunications &continued'

Technology &continued'(igh degree of interoperability

)igital networks (igher transmission speeds #oves larger amounts of information *reater economy Lower error rates

#ultiple types of communications on the same circuits


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Technology &continued' +iberoptic lines % cellular, -", satellite % other wireless

technologies +aster transmission speeds


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usiness applications)ramatic increase in the number of feasible

telecommunication applications."ut costs, reduce lead times, shorten response

times, support ecommerce, improve

collaboration, share resources, lock in

customers % suppliers, % develop new products

% services


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The Internet

/ network of networks

-opular uses!mail

Instant messaging

rowsing the 0orld 0ide 0eb

Newsgroups and chat rooms


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The Internet &continued'

The business value of the Internet


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Intranets

0ithin an organi1ation

$ses Internet technologies

usiness value of Intranets$sed for information sharing, communication,

collaboration, % support of business processes.

0eb publishing "omparatively easy, attractive, % lower cost alternative for

publishing % accessing multimedia business information


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Intranets &-ortals'


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!2tranets

Network links that use Internet

technologies to interconnect the firm3s

intranet with the intranets of customers,suppliers, or other business partners"onsultants, subcontractors, business

prospects, % others


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!2tranets &continued'

usiness valueImprove communication with customers

and business partners*ain competitive advantage in -roduct development"ost savings

#arketing)istribution Leveraging their partnerships


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ection II

Telecommunications Network

/lternatives


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Telecommunications Network /lternatives


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/ Telecommunications Network #odel


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&continued'

"onsists of five basic componentsTerminals

/ny input4output device that usestelecommunication networks to transmit or

receive data

Telecommunication processors upport data transmission and reception

between terminals and computers


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&continued'

Telecommunications channels The medium over which data are transmitted

and received

"omputers Interconnected by telecommunications networks

Telecommunications control software

"ontrol telecommunications activities % managethe functions of telecommunications networks


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Types of Telecommunications Networks

0ide /rea Networks &0/N'"over a large geographic area.

Local /rea Networks &L/N'"onnect computers % other information

processing devices within a limited physical

area."onnected via ordinary telephone wiring, coa2ial

cable, or wireless radio % infrared systems


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&continued'

5irtual -rivate Networks / secure network that uses the Internet as

its main backbone network, but relies onfire walls and other security features


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&continued'


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&continued'

"lient4erver Networks"lients 6 end user -"s or N"s

erver 6 helps with application processingand also manages the network


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&continued'


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&continued'

Network computing7the network is the computer8

Thin clients process small application programscalled 7applets.8


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&continued'

-eerto-eer &-9-'Two major models

"entral server architecture

-ure peertopeer


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Telecommunications #edia

Twistedpair wire "oa2ial cable

#inimi1es interference and

distortion /llows highspeed data

transmission

+iber optics *lass fiber that conducts

pulses of light generated bylasers i1e and weight reduction Increased speed and

carrying capacity


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0ireless Technologies

Terrestrial #icrowaveLineofsight path between relay stations

spaced appro2imately :; miles apart.

"ommunications atellites

*eosynchronous orbitserve as relay stations for communications

signals transmitted from earth stations


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0ireless Technologies &continued'

"ellular % -" ystems!ach cell is typically from one to several

s


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#commerce

Transactions and nontransaction functions

over wireless networks

*rowth due to= Newer and smaller technologies

#ore mobile populations

)eregulation of telecommunication markets

Less costly infrastructure than wired alternative

lower to grow in $ than !urope and /sia


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#commerce

Issues >elatively slow

transmission speeds

creen si1e

attery technology

-)/ and smart phone


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"ellular Networks

Overlapping towers

ignal picked up by closest tower and

transferred on /#- standard &T/" in !$>O-!'

-" and various alternative standards


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0ireless /pplication -rotocol

0/- forum

0/- pro2y server

Issues in 0eb service >e


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Imode

0ireless Internet service

?;@ of Aapanese market

0hy so popularB Lack of easy and based Internet access in

Aapan

Lower -" penetration in Aapan !2tensive wireless coverage

>eturns money to website providers


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-ersonal /rea Networks

"onnection of computer to peripherals or

other computers

"onnect -)/ and desktop computer everal connection methods=

luetooth (radio frequency – up to 300 feet)(radio frequency – up to 300 feet)

Ir)/ &Infrared' (cheap)(cheap) 0ireless L/N C;9.DDb 6 wireless !thernet

(more reliable)(more reliable)


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New *enerations of 0ireless Networks

:* network roadband up to 9 #bps

-acket switched "ombine prior incompatible system

(agreement on standards)(agreement on standards)

5irtual home environment


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Telecommunications -rocessors

#odems &modulation4demodulation'"hanges signals from analog to digital and

back to analog

#ultiple2ers

/llows a single communication channel tocarry simultaneous data transmissions from

many terminals


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&continued'

Internetwork -rocessorswitches

#akes connections between telecomm circuitsso a message can reach its intended destination

>outer Interconnects networks based on different rules

or protocols


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&continued'

(ub -ort switching communications processor

*ateway / processor that interconnects networks that

use different communications architecture


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Telecommunications oftware

-rovides a variety of communications

support services including connecting %disconnecting communications links %

establishing communications

parameters such as transmissionspeed, mode, and direction.


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Telecommunications oftware &continued'

Network #anagementTraffic management

ecurityNetwork monitoring

"apacity planning


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Network Topologies

tar Ties end user computers to a central computer

"onsidered the least reliable

>ing &sometimes called Token >ing'

Ties local computer processors together in aring on a more e


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Network Topologies &continued'

usLocal processors share the same bus, or

communications channelTree is a variation which ties several bus

networks together


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Network Topologies &continued'


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Network /rchitectures % -rotocols

-rotocols / standard set of rules % procedures for the

control of communications in a networktandards for the physical characteristics of

cables and connectors

Network /rchitecture*oal is to promote an open, simple, fle2ible,

efficient telecommunications environment


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Network /rchitectures and -rotocols

&continued'

OI #odel

T"-4I-Transmission "ontrol -rotocol4Internet

-rotocol$sed by the Internet and all intranets and

e2tranets

OI &Open Systems


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OI &Open Systems

Interconnections)-rotocol #odel

/pplication

-resentation

ession

Transport

Network

)ata link

-hysical#nemonics= /ll -eople eem To Need )ata -rocessing


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OI Layers

Application

Presentation(Http, T!!, "P#$)

%ession(&!%, %', P*)Transport

(T*P,+P)

&et-or.(P,/%P!,*P)

ata in.(AP,%P,PPP)

Physical

*ommunication setup

ata to application layer

nitial contact

#nd to end integrity

efines Protocols

ata to application layer

outing


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andwidth /lternatives

andwidth is the fre


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witched Networks

Pac.et s-itchedPac.et s-itched and circuit s-itchedcircuit s-itched ntegrated %er1ices igital &et-or.ntegrated %er1ices igital &et-or.

(%&)(%&) !rame elay!rame elay

"ommitted information rate )ata bursts

Asynchronous Transfer ode (AT)Asynchronous Transfer ode (AT) 5arious speeds and scalability

The Internet


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Eey -oints=

"onnecting the business and employees

with customers,suppliers and stakeholders.

Trends in telecommunications providesinformation about the uses of

telecommunications in different sectors.

>ole of internet in usiness. #commerce is the less costly

infrastructure than wired application.

Optical fiber is the ma2imally used

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Presentation on Telecommunication Network

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