Date post: | 15-Jan-2015 |
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He who sees Shiva in the weak and in the diseased, really worships Shiva; and If he sees Shiva only in the image, his worship is but preliminary.
…….Swami Vivekenanda
,l0 ds0 JhokLro] vf/koDrk B. Sc., C.C.P., PG. Dip. In P.M.I.R., L.L.B.,
Trained Fellow in HIV/AIDS by IHO, & Harvard Medical International, BOSTON, USA
lfpo
xzkeh.k fodkl lfefr 235& ,e0 vkbZ0 th0] dadM+ckx] iVuk] fcgkjA
&% jDrnku egknku %&
LoSfPNd jDrnku lg tkx:drk vfHk;ku
RBC
WBC
PLATELETS
jDr dksf’kdk;sa
Ykky jDrd.k
’osr jDrd.k
jDr dh ifjHkk"kk jDr ekuo ’kjhj dk ,d izdkj dk ’kkfjjhd rjy inkFkZ gS] tks ’kjhj ds dksf’kdkvksa dks vko’;d iks"kd rRo ,oa vkfDltu igqWapkus dk dk;Z djrk gS vkSj dks’kkvksa ls vif’k"V @ nqO;Z; inkFkZ dks ’kjhj ls ckgj fudkyus dk dk;Z djrk gSA
jDr dh ifjHkk"kk
rjy Hkkx
ty
bysDVªksykbV
Iyktek izksfVu
dksf’kdh; Hkkx
Ykky jDrd.k
’osr jDrd.k
IysVysV~l
jDr
Ykky jDr d.k
’osr jDr d.k
IysVysV~~l
dksf’kdh; Hkkx
Ykky jDrd.k
vkDlhtu ,oa dkcZu MkbZvkDlkbM dk
laokgd
Tkhou 120 fnu
4 fM0 ls0 rkieku ij 35 ls 42 fnuksa rd lajf{kr fd;k tk ldrk
gSA
dksf’kdh; Hkkx
’osr jDrd.k’kjhj ds vUnj mRiUu
gksus okys jksxksRiknd thok.kq ;k fdVk.kq dks
u"V djrk gSA
bldk thou dky Lkkr /kaVk ls dqN fnuksa rd
dk gSA
bls 4 fM0 ls0 rkieku ij lqjf{kr j[kk tk ldrk gSA ¼cQh dksV izhijs’ku½ ’osr jDrd.k
dksf’kdh; Hkkx
IysV~lysV’kjhj ls cgrs gq;s jDr
dks FkDdk cukus esa lgk;rk djrk gSA
bldk thou dky ikWp fnuksa dk gksrk gSA
22 fM0 ls0 rkieku ij 5 fnuksa rd lajf{kr
fd;k tk ldrk
WBC
RBC
PLATELETES
jDr Iyktek jDr vo;o@?kVd dk rjy
ihyk Hkkx gSA ftlesa lekur;k lEiw.kZ jDr dh
jDr dksf’kdk;sa fo|;eku jgrh gSA tks iwjs jDr dh ek=k dk 45% - 55% Hkkx gksrk
gSA
nzo vo;o@?kVd
jDr dh ek=k
lkekur;k jDr ’kjhj ds fofHkUu vaxksa esa lafpr jgrk gS] ftls fcuk fdlh
uqdlku ds ekuo ’kjhj lss ckgj fudkyk tk ldrk gSA
izR;sd ekuo ds ’kjhj esa 05 ls 06 yhVj rd jDr jgrk gSA
D;k gS\ jDrnku
vxj oSKkfud fof/k ls ekuo ’kjhj ls jDr dh dqN ek=k dks ¼’kjhj ds otu dk 8 eh0 fy0@fdyks½ LosPNk ls fcuk fdlh ykHk ds ckgj fudky fn;k tkrk gS rks ml izfdz;k dks jDrnku dgk tkrk gSA
jDrnku %& okLrfodrk & 1
jDrnku ds ckn %& ekuo ’kjhj jDrnku ds :Ik esa fd;s x;s jDr dh
ek=k dh iqfrZ 24 ?kaVs esa] rFkk dksf’kdh; Hkkx dh iwfrZ 1
ls 2 ekg ds vUnj iqjk dj ysrk gSA
jDrnku %& okLrfodrk & 2
,d LoLFk iq:"k ds ’kjhj esa] ’kkjhfjd otu ds vuqikr esa 76 eh0yh0@ fdyks0 jDr
jgrk gSA,oa
,d LoLFk efgyk ds ’kjhj esa] ’kkjhfjd otu ds vuqikr esa 66 eh0yh0@ fdyks0 jDr
jgrk gSA
jDrnku %& okLrfodrk & 3
A
iq:"k vkSj efgyk nksuksa esa fu;fer ifjlapj.k ds fy;s ’kkjhfjd otu ds vuqlkj fe-yh-@ fdyks jDr
dh vko’;dRrk gksrh gSAbl izdkj ’kkjhfjd otu ds vuqlkj
iq:"k esa 26 fe-yh-@ fdyks ,oa efgykvksa esa 16 fe-yh-@
fdyks vkf/kD; jDr jgrk gSASurplus
50
jDrnku %& okLrfodrk & 4
,d O;fDr vius ’kkjhfjd otu ds vuqlkj 08 eh-yh-@fd-xzk- jDr dk nku dj ldrk gSA
45kg X 8ml = 360ml vkSj 60kg X 8ml = 480ml 45kg
ls 55kg rd 350ml jDr dk nku dj ldrs gSaA
;kuh
fcuk fdlh izdkj ds gkfu ds 55kg ls vf/kd ds C;fDr 450ml rd jDr dk nku dj ldrs gSaA
jDrnku %& ifjHkk"kk
fcuk fdlh ykHk dk ¼pkgs og nzO; ds :Ik esa gks ;k oLrq@inkFkZ ds :Ik esa ½ LosPNk ls nku fd;s x;s jDr dks jDrnku
dgrs gSaA
LoSfPNd jDrnku D;ksa \
ge lHkh ds fy;s ykHknk;d gSA lkekftd nkf;Ro gSA
O;fDrxr vkRe fo’okl] vfLFk eTtk ds lfdz;rk esa c`f) lekt dY;k.k ,oa ekuo lsok gSA
jDrnku D;ksa \
Ekkuo jDr ,oa mlds vo;o@?kVd dk ,d ek= L=ksr ekuo
gha gSA
,d o"kZ esa 1% vkcknh dks jDr ,oa jDr ds vo;oksa@?kVdksa dks p<+kus dh
vko’;dRrk iM+rh gSA
jDr thou j{kd gSA
bldk dksbZ fodYi ugha gS] vkSj bls cuk;k ugha tk ldrkA
1- vkRefo’okl dh deh]
2- Tkkx:drk dh deh]
3- mfpr lqvolj dk vHkko]
4- mfpr izf’k{k.k ,oa mRizsj.kk dh deh]
5- xyr /kkj.kk ,oa feF;k vfo’okl]
6- uhrh] dk;Z@ iz.kkyh] leFkZu lg izksRlkgu dh
deh]
7- dq’ky usr`Ro ,oa izfrc)rk@ mRrjnkf;Ro dh
deh]
8- lgh ,oa mfpr jDrnkrk dh igpku]
9- jDrnkrk ds izfr leqfpr lEeku dh deh
10-
jDrnku esa vojks/k & dkj.k ! D;ksa\
1- jDrnku djus ls dksbZ detksjh ugha gksrh gS] vki vius lk/kkj.k fdz;kdyki tkjh j[k ldrs gSaA
2- jDrnku djus ds ckn vkidk ’kjhj Lor% mruk jDr cuk ysrk gSA
3- LoLFk vkneh rhu eghus esa ,d ckj jDrnku dj ldrk gSA
4- rktk jDr gha cf<+;ka jDr gksrk gS ,slh dksbZ ckr ugha gSA
5- vxj lkr fnuksa rd jDr j[kk tk; rks dbZ dhVk.kq Lor% u"V gks tkrs gSaA
jDrnku ds izfr dbZ Hkzkafr;kWa
LoSfPNd jDrnku c<+kus ds mik;
1- jDrnkrk Dyc dh LFkkiuk ,oa ;qokvksa dks mlls tksM+us dk dk;ZdzeA2- jDrnkrk dh igpku vkSj mUgsa leqfpr lEekuA 3- ;qokvksa dks jDrnku ds izfr tkx:d ,oa izksRlkfgr djukA4- lkekftd tkx:drk ,oa izksRlkgu 5- leqnk;] /kkfeZd laLFkkuksa] ’kkS{kf.kd laLFkkvksa bR;knh dks jDrnku dk;Zdzeksa ls tksM+us dk dk;ZdzeA6- leqfpr uhrh] dk;Z@ iz.kkyh ,oa lg;ksx dk fdz;kUo;uA7- leqfpr dSEiksa eksckbZy dSEi dk vk;kstu
fdlh Hkh esfMdy dkWyst vLirky esaA
lHkh ftyk vLirky esaA
Hkkjrh; jsM dkzWl lkslk;Vh ds vuqKfIr izkIrjDr vf/kdks"k esaA
ekWMy cYM cSad] t;izHkk vLirky] dadM+ckx] iVuk esa ,oa
LoSfPNd jDrnku f’kfoj esaA
jDrnku dgkWa djuk pkfg;s
thou vueksy gS] thou cpkus ds fy;s LoSfPNd jDrnku djsa
dkSu jDrnku dj ldrs gSa\
18 o"kZ ls mij ,oa 60 o"kZ ls uhps ds vk;q ds yksx A
45 fdyks xzke ls mij ds LoLFk C;fDr]
jDr esa fgeksXyksfou dh ek=k 12-5 xzke@fM-yh- ls de ugha gksuh pkfg;sA
’kjhj dk rkieku ,oa jDrpki lkekU; gksuk pkfg;sA fdlh Hkh izdkj ds fcekjh ls eqDr gksuk pkfg;sA
dkSu jDrnku ugha dj ldrs gSa\
1- xHkZorh efgyk vFkok Lruiku djkus okyh ekrkA
2- LVsjkbM] gkeksZu ;k vU; fo’ks"k nok dk lsou djus okys C;fDrA
4- 24 ?kaVksa ds Hkhrj ’kjkc dk lsou fd;s gq;s C;fDrA 5- cgqrsjs ;kSu lEcU/k vFkok u’khyh nok dk lsou djus
okys C;fDrA
6- ekfld jDrL=ko ds le; jDrnku ls ijgst djsaA
7- ân; jksxh] fdMuh] QsQM+k] ,yftZd] ihyh;k ¼nks lky½] Vk;Qk;M ¼,d lky½] Vh- ch-] bfiysIlh bR;knh ds fcekjh ls ihM+hr ,oa [kwu esa xM+cM+h okys jksxhA
8- ,p-vkbZ-Hkh- ¼áweu fMfQfl;Ulh ok;jl½] ,p-ch-Hkh- ¼gsisVkbVl ch ok;jl½] ,p-lh-Hkh- ¼gsisVkbVl lh
ok;jl½ flQfyl ,oa eysfj;k ¼N% ekg½ bR;knh ls xzflr C;fDrA
9 72 ?kaVksa ds vUnj ,UVhck;ksfVd] ,slfijhu] ,LVsjkW;M cSDlhu ,oa vydksgy ysus okys C;fDrA
10- fiNys N% ekg esa buesa ls dksbZ dkj.k %&
vlk/kkj.k otu dk de gksuk] Mk;fj;k] lwtu XyS.M] yxkrkj cq[kkj] xksnuk ¼VSVwfuax½] dku dk Nsnkuk] nkWar m[kM+okuk] jDr dk p<+okuk bR;knh ,oa xHkZikr djkus okyh efgykA
11- ftudh N% eghus ds Hkhrj ’kY; fpfdRlk gq;h gksA
jDr ,oa jDrnku ls lEcfU/kr vko’;d rF;
1- ,d bZdkbZ ¼350 eh-yh-½ jDrnku rhu C;fDr;ksa dh thou dh j{kk dj ldrk gSA2- jDrnku dh izfdz;k esa ek= 10 ls 15 feuV le; yxrk
gSA3- rhu ekg ds varjky esa jDrnku fd;k tk ldrk gSA4- LoSfPNd jDrnku ls jDr dh deh dh leL;k dks nwj fd;k
tk ldrk gSA5- jDrnku djus ls vfLFk eTtk lfdz; cuk jgrk gS] tks jDr fuekZ.k esa lkgk;d gksrk gSA6- jDrnku dj dbZ ftUnfx;ksa dks cpkus dk iq.; dk;Z dj
ldrk gSA7- jDr ds vuqiyC/krk ds dkj.k dbZ;ksa dk vle; eqR;w gks
tkrh gS] vr% jDrnku ds }kjk mudh ftUnxh;ksa dks cpkus esa vueksy lgk;rk dj ldrk gSA7- jDrnku ls LokLF; ij dksbZ dqizHkko ugha iM+rk gSA
jDrnku egknku gS
jDrnkrkvksa ds LoSfPNd jDrnku djus dh bPNk O;Dr djus ds i’pkr loZizFke
jDrnkrkvksa }kjk vfuok;Z :Ik ls Hkjs tkus okyk jDrnkrk iz’ukoyh lg LohdkjksfDr
QkWeZA
izFke
ijh{k.k
QkeZ
jDrnku
jDrnku djus ls iwoZ izR;sd jDr nkrk dks jDr nkrk iz’ukoyh QkWeZ dks lko/kkuh iwoZd Hkj dj ;Fkksfpr lgh tkudkjh nsuk vfuok;Z gSA
jDrnkrk dk okLrfod ijh{k.k f}rh; pj.k
jDrnkrk ds }kjk Hkjh x;h iz’ukoyh dh tkWp
otu dh tkWap
fgeksXyksfcu dh tkWap ,oa
jDr lewg dh tkWp
jDrnku d{k
jDr miyC/k djkus ds iwoZ tkWap
1- jDr lewg ¼ Blood Grouping ½ 2- dzkWl eSfpax ¼ Cross Matching ½3- eysfj;k ikjklkbV ¼ Malaria Parasite ½4- Hkh0 Mh0 vkj0 ,y0 ¼ Syphilis ½5- ,p0 vkbZ0 Hkh0 ¼ HIV ½6- ,p0 ch0 Hkh0 ¼ HBV ½7- ,p0 lh0 Hkh0 ¼ HCV ½8- dqEl tkWap] ¼ COOMB’S TESTING ½ jDr dh mPp xq.kork dks cuk;s j[kus ds fy;s bu mijksDr tkWapksa dh vko’;dRrk vfuok;Z gSA
jDrnku djus ls fuEufyf[kr fcekfj;ksa dh tkWap jDr lqj{kk ds rgn Lor% gks tkrh gSA
jDr vo;o cukus ds fy;s laxzfgr jDr
jDr vo;o dk fuekZ.k
lEiw.kZ jDr ¼vifj"d`r@dPpk eky½
izfdz;k
jDr vo;o@?kVd
¼ifj"d`r@rS;kj mRikn½
Whole Blood raw material
Processing
COMPONENT finished product
Antibody Screening
Blood Donation Screening
jDrnku ijh{k.k ¼Ldzhuhax½
bl dkz;ks ¶;wt e’khu ls 1750 RPM ij RBC ,oa 3550 RPM ij WBC ,oa Plasma dks vyx fd;k tkrk gSA
rS;kj iSDM vkj0 ch0 lh0 Prepared Packed RBC
4oC ij j[kk gqvk iSDM vkj0 ch0 lh0 Prepared Packed RBC Kept at 4oC
BLOOD BANK REFRIGERATOR
IysV~ysV~l dks 22oC ij lqjf{kr j[kk tkrk gSA Storage of Platelets at 22oC
1- jDrnku ds ckn fdlh fo’ks"k vkgkj dh vko’;dŸkk ugha gksrh gSA2- jDrnku ls ’kjhj esa jDr cuus dh izfdz;k esa
rhczrk vkrh gSA3- jDrnku djus esa dsoy 05 ls 10 feuV dk le; yxrk gS vkSj ;g ihM+k jfgr ,oa lqjf{kr izfdz;k gSA4- ,d ckj esa jDrnku esa lkekU;r% 350&450
fe- yh- jDr dh ek=k gha yh tkrh gSA 5- vk/ks ?kaVs rd ckgu ugha pyk;saA6- 24 ?kaVs rd Hkkjh O;k;ke ugha djsaA7- jDrnku djus ds iwoZ ikuh fi;saA
jDrnku & dqN rF;
jDrnku ds mijkar ns[kHkky
1. 10 ls 15 feuV vkjke djsaA
2- [kwc ek=k esa rjy [kkn~; inkFkksaZ dk tSls%& yLlh] uhacw ikuh] ukfj;y ikuh lsou QzwV twl dk lsou djsaA
3- ;fn jDr cg jgk gS rks ckWag dks mij djds 5 feuV rd nck;s j[ksaA 4- dqN ?kaVksa rd Hkkjh lkeku ugha mBk;saA
5- vk/ks ?kaVs rd okgu ugha pyk;saA
6- 24 ?kaVs rd Hkkjh O;k;ke ugha djsaA
vfLFk eTtk ds lfdz;rk esa c`f) gksrh gSA
jDrnku ls ’kjhj esa jDr cuus dh izfd;k esa rhczrk vkrh gSA
jDrnku ls ’kjhj esa dksysLVªky dh ek=k ?kVrh gSA jDrnku ls ikWp rjg dh tSls HIV] HBV] HCV] Syphlis] eysfj;k
bR;knh dh tkWap Lor% fu%’kqYd gks tkrh gSA jDrnku ds mijkar ekWMy cYM cSad] dadM+ckx] iVuk
ds }kjk jDrnkrk dks ,d Mksuj dkMZ fn;k tkrk gS] ftlds ek/;e ls jDrnkrk ,d o"kZ ds vUnj vkDlfed voLFkk essa tc dksbZ jDrnkrk miyC/k ugha gks] dsoy fu/kkZfjr izlaLdj.k jkf’k nsdj vius Lo;a ds fy;s ;k ikfjokfjd lnL; ds fy;s vius Mksuj dkMZ ij ,d ;wfuV jDr izkIr dj ldrk gSA
ekWMy cYM cSad] dadM+ckx] iVuk ,d cYM cSad gS vr% cSad ls jDrnkrk vius Mksuj dkMZ ij fdlh Hkh jDr lewg ds cnys dksbZ Hkh jDr lewg miyC/krk ds vk/kkj ij izkIr dj ldrk gSA
fu;fer jDrnkrk esa jDr cuus dh {kerk mez ds c<+us ij Hkh yxHkx lkekU; cuh jgrh gSA
LoSfPNd jDrnku ls Qk;nsA
A. B. O jDr lewg oxhZdj.k
“A” , jDr lewg vxj vki jDr lewg , ds /kkjd gSa rks vkids yky jDr d.k ds lrg ij , ,UVhtu vkSj jDr Iyktek esa ch ,UVhcMh fo|eku jgrk gSA
“B” ch jDr lewg vxj vki jDr lewg ch ds /kkjd gSa rks vkids yky jDr d.k ds lrg ij ch ,UVhtu vkSj jDr Iyktek esa , ,UVhcMh fo|eku jgrk gSA
“AB” ,ch jDr lewgvxj vki jDr lewg ,ch ds /kkjd gSa rks vkids yky jDr d.k ds lrg ij , ,oa ch nksuksa ,UVhtu fo|eku jgrk gS ysfdu jDr Iyktek esa u rks , ,UVhcMh vkSj u gha ch ,UVhcMh jgrk gSA
“O” vks jDr lewgvxj vki jDr lewg vks ds /kkjd gSa rks vkids yky jDr d.k ds lrg ij u rks , vkSj u gha ch nksuksa ,UVhtu fo|eku ugha jgrk gS ysfdu jDr Iyktek esa , vkSj ch nksuksa ,UVhcMh fo|eku jgrk gSA
vki xzg.k dj ldrs gSaA
O- 0+ B- B+ A- A+ AB- AB+
yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes
yes yes yes yes
yes yes yes yes
yes yes yes yes
yes yes
yes yes
yes yes
yes
vxj vki /kkjd gSaA AB+
AB -
A +
A -
B +
B -
0 +
0 -
LoSfPNd jDrnku ij izFke jk"Vªh; lEesyu 15 ,oa 16 flrEcj gSnjkckn 2010
jDrnku f’kfoj dk mn?kkVu ,oa f’kfoj esa jDrnku djrs jDrnkrk
ljl esyk esa jDrnku f’kfoj
ffg
os ;qok c/kkbZ ds ik= gSa ftgksauss vius jDr ls thounku fn;k gS ,oa tks ns ldrs gSaA
With Proper Screening and increase Voluntary Blood Donations, we can achieve zero risk Blood Supply
lg;ksx
DR. ANAND KISHORE,
MD (PATH),Ex-clinical Attachhe,PGIMER, Chandigarh.
Trained in Component Seperation,SGPGI,Luckhnow.
In-charge Administrative Controller,
The State of Art Model Blood Bank
Jaiprabha Hospital Campus, Kankarbagh,
Patna - 20, BIHAR
izsj.kk L=ksr %& Dr. Kabita Chatterjee ,Faculty In-charge Blood Bank (H),A.I.I.M.S., New Delhi-110029
vkHkkj%& 1- MkW0 johUnz dqekj] Ekq[; fpfdRlk inkf/kdkjh ekWMy CyM
cSad] dadM+ckx] iVuk] fcgkj t;izHkk vLirky ifjlj] dadM+ckx] iVuk&20
2- Dr Shantanu Kumar Ex. MEDICAL OFFICER, STATE OF THE ART MODEL BLOOD BANK,
Kankarbagh, Patna, Bihar
LoSfPNd jDrnku tkx:drk vfHk;ku dks lQy cukus ds fy;s
vkidk lg;ksx visf{kr gSA
&% jDrnku egknku %&
fiz; LoSfPNd jDrnkrk]ge vkids fujUrj lg;ksx ds fy;s vkids tTcs vkSj n`f"Vdks.k dk lEeku djrs gSa fujarj jDr nku djrs jfg,A /kU;okn !
THANKS
This life is short, the vanities of the world are transient, but they alone live who live for others,
the rest are more dead than alive.Swami Vivekananda