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The Main Idea
“In many applications, a wireless network needs to
detect and track mobile targets, and disseminate
the sensing data to mobile sinks”
Zebra Net Application
The users are the biologists.
Tracking the movement of wild animals in wildlife
preserves
The Main Idea
The ZebraNet Wildlife Tracker is an application to track zebras on the field
Special GPS equipped collars are attached to zebras.
Main operations
MonitoringSensor nodes are required to detect and track the
movement states of mobile objects
ReportingThe nodes that sense the objects need to report their
discoveries to the applications
These two operations are interleaved during the entire object tracking process
ZebraNet as Biology ResearchZebraNet as Biology Research
Goal: Biologists want to track animals long-term, over long distances
Interactions within a species?
Interactions between species?
Impact of human development?
The users are the biologists.
Location, speed, direction, size, and shape
ZebraNet as Computing ResearchZebraNet as Computing Research
Data
Base station (car or plane)
Data
DataStore-and-forward communications
Data
Tracking node with CPU, FLASH, radio and GPS
ZebraNet vs. Other Sensor Nets
– Track animals long term and over long distances– All sensing nodes are mobile– Large area: 100’s-1000s sq kilometers– “Coarse-Grained” nodes– GPS on-board– Long-running and autonomous.
) A Day in the life of a Zebra
Two kinds of Zebras
Grevy’s zebra Forms large loosely-bounded herds
Plains zebra More common Forms tight-knit uni-male multi-female ”harems” Possible to add collar just to the male From time to time meet up with other zebras to
form herds, for an example at water holes
) A Day in the life of a Zebra
Movement patterns Grazing Graze-walking Fast-moving
Zebras spend most day grazing and head for water about once a day
Zebras tend not to have long periods of motionless sleep