Date post: | 02-Jun-2018 |
Category: |
Documents |
Upload: | mohammed-sarhan |
View: | 218 times |
Download: | 0 times |
of 29
8/10/2019 Presentation Stem Cell
1/29
STEM CELL THERABY FOR
SOME PARASITIC DISEASES
BY
ENAS FAKHRYEMAN MAGDY
8/10/2019 Presentation Stem Cell
2/29
8/10/2019 Presentation Stem Cell
3/29
TYPES OF STEM CELLS
In mammals, there are two broad types of stem
cells: embryonic stem cells which are isolatedfrom the inner cell mass of blastocysts, and adult
stem cells , which are found in various tissues.
8/10/2019 Presentation Stem Cell
4/29
8/10/2019 Presentation Stem Cell
5/29
8/10/2019 Presentation Stem Cell
6/29
SOURCES OF AUTOLOGOUS ADULT STEM
CELLS IN HUMANS
Bone marrow , which requires extraction by harvesting. Adipose tissue (lipid cells), which requires extraction by
liposuction.
Blood, which requires extraction through apheresis.
8/10/2019 Presentation Stem Cell
7/29
PROPERTIES OF STEMCELLS
Self-renewal : the ability to go through
numerous cycles of cell division while maintaining
the undifferentiated state.
Potency : the capacity to differentiate intospecialized cell types .
8/10/2019 Presentation Stem Cell
8/29
8/10/2019 Presentation Stem Cell
9/29
The patients with parasitic infections, who usually
belong to the lower socioeconomic strata of our society,
have limited therapeutic options. Chemotherapy is virtually
the first choice for the treatment of many parasiticinfections. However, there is a worry about drug resistance
following long-term, repeated implementation of mass
drug administration. Stem cell therapy may help these
patients.
8/10/2019 Presentation Stem Cell
10/29
STEM CELL THERAPY
is an interventional treatment that introduces new cells into
damaged tissues, which help in treating many diseases and injuries.is effective for the treatment of cancers, diabetes mellitus,
Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, cardiovascular diseases,
neurological disorders, and many other diseases.
Recently, stem cell therapy has been introduced to treat parasitic
infections.
8/10/2019 Presentation Stem Cell
11/29
8/10/2019 Presentation Stem Cell
12/29
8/10/2019 Presentation Stem Cell
13/29
8/10/2019 Presentation Stem Cell
14/29
Mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate S.japonicum inducedliver injury in mice through:
a. Reducing granuloma egg diameter,
b. Decreasing serum concentration of TGF-B1 and
hyaloronic acid;
c. Inhibiting collagen deposition and expression of collagen
type 3in infected mice liver tissues.
SO; prolong the survival time of the infected mice and this
effect is inhanced by combination with praziquantel.
8/10/2019 Presentation Stem Cell
15/29
CD(133) human umbilical cord blood stem cells enhance hepatic
angiogenesis and neovascularization in expermintal animals ,SO,
enable prolifiration and survival of the damaged cells rather than
by direct differantiation to hepatocytes.
By immunohistichemical analysis the newly formed blood vessels
show +ve expression of human specific angiogenic markers
CD31,CD34 and von willebrand factors.
8/10/2019 Presentation Stem Cell
16/29
Transplantation of bone marrow-derived stem
cells hold a great potential in treating human
hepatic cirrhosis as they can:
a. Differentiate into hepatocytes;
b. Stimulate regeneration of endogenous
parenchymal cells;
c. Enhance fibrous matrix degradation.
8/10/2019 Presentation Stem Cell
17/29
IN MALARIA
8/10/2019 Presentation Stem Cell
18/29
8/10/2019 Presentation Stem Cell
19/29
Scientists from the National Institute for Medical
Research, UK have identified an atypical progenitor
cells from malaria-infected mice which can give riseto a lineage of cells capable of fighting this disease,
and transplantation of these cells into mice with
severe malaria helps mice recover from the disease.
8/10/2019 Presentation Stem Cell
20/29
MSCs play an important role in host protective
immune responses against malaria as they
increase IL- 12 production
suppress IL-10 production in recipient animals
and dramatic reductions of regulatory T cells in
animals undergoing infusion with these MSCs. .
8/10/2019 Presentation Stem Cell
21/29
Glycophorin C (CD236R)receptors mediates vivax malaria
parasite rosetting to normocytes.
Rosetting assays using CD236R knockdown normocytes
derived from hematopoietic stem cells further supports the role
of glycophorin C as a receptor in P vivax rosette formation.
Blocking of spesific regions of CD236R significantly inhibit
rosette formation in P.vivax and P.falciparum.
8/10/2019 Presentation Stem Cell
22/29
8/10/2019 Presentation Stem Cell
23/29
8/10/2019 Presentation Stem Cell
24/29
In mouse models of Chagas disease, bone marrow
mono- nuclear cell was found to be effective in:
a. reducing inflammation and fibrosis induced by
T. cruzi,
b. prevented and reversed the right ventricular
dilatation caused by this protozoon.
8/10/2019 Presentation Stem Cell
25/29
It has been shown that repeated injections of granulocyte
colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), which mobilizes stem
cells from the bone marrow, decreases inflammation and
fibrosis in the hearts of chagasic mice. While chagasic mice had 1,702 cardiac genes with
expression altered by infection, after bone marrow
mononuclear cell therapy, 96 % of these genes were
restored to normal levels
8/10/2019 Presentation Stem Cell
26/29
Small animal positron emission tomography
(microPET) is used to investigate the migration of
transplanted MSCs in a murine model of Chagas
disease, and correlate MSC bio-distribution with
glucose metabolism and morphology of heart in
chagasic mice .
8/10/2019 Presentation Stem Cell
27/29
Cotransplant of stem cells and skeletal myoblasts is
functionally effective in the Chagas disease ventricular
dysfunction through: improving ejection fraction (EF); reducing left ventricular end- diastolic volume (LVEDV)
and left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV).
8/10/2019 Presentation Stem Cell
28/29
In 28 patients with heart failure due to Chagas
disease; intracoronary injection of bone marrow
mono- nuclear cells caused significant
improvements in the New York Heart
Association (NYHA) class, quality of life
;suggesting that it is feasible and it may be
potentially safe and effective in these patient.
8/10/2019 Presentation Stem Cell
29/29