Presentations
"Put it before them so they will read it, clearly so they will appreciate it, picturesquely so they will remember it, and above all accurately, so they
will be guided by it's light."
Some perspectives on PPT
You have all seen some very bad PPT presentations by now, so you should have some idea of what not to do when making a PPT plus you should understand the sentiments expressed in the following comics. You should also know that while it is not always best to have a PPT to accompany your presentation, you will be called on to do them so you might as well do good job – one that will get you noticed like my former student. As a start, check out this slide presentation that includes some good and not so good examples. Do not, however, forget that good PPT is not a substitute for a bad story, so work on that story.
Former student
I just had a competitive marketing project presentation where I competed against 5 others about a marketing case. Well, after 3 "normal" power point presentations, I brought mine up, and before I even started there were "ohhh“s and "ahhh"s. It is amazing how easy it is to make your own custom slides with faded out images, most have not a clue on how to do it. The students, and even the professor had never seen such slides and such a well presented presentation. They were eating out of my hand, it was fantastic.
“Friends don’t let friends do Powerpoint.”
To save your audience from a painful “death, take note of these helpful tips on the organization of the presentation, the slides, and the delivery of the presentation.
Garr Reynolds’ organization tips1. Start with end in mind
2. Know your audience
3. Great content is a necessary condition, but not a sufficient one for a good presentation
4. KISS – 3 things do you want them to remember
5. Outline your content – get story/outline on paper first
6. Have a sound, clear structure
7. So what? Ask it a lot
8. Elevator test
9. Art of story telling – it needs to be a story
10.Confidence
Garr Reynolds’ slide tips1. KISS
2. Limit text & bullet points
3. Limit transitions & animation
4. Use high quality graphics (avoid clip art)
5. Have a visual theme, but avoid PPT templates
6. Use appropriate charts
7. Use color well
8. Use fonts well – sans serif / don’t mix
9. Use video or audio
10.Use slide sorter view
11.Parallel construction
12.Spelling / grammar
Garr Reynolds’ delivery tips1. Show your passion
2. Start strong
3. Keep it short
4. Move away from podium
5. Use remote device
6. Remember B key – screen goes blank
7. Make eye contact
8. Keep lights on
9. Remain courteous, gracious, & professional
Data presentation in PPT
1. Data is interesting2. Data is correct3. Appropriate for audience4. Not too much data5. Integrated into story
Powerpoint
There are many pieces to a good PPT presentation, and here we will look at some examples of the importance of many features of the PPT from the background to the presentation of the data.
Background
See how the background can matter
China’s future: The constraints
• Corruption
• Environment
• Inequality
China’s future: The constraints
• Corruption
• Environment
• Inequality
China’s future: The constraints
• Corruption
• Environment
• Inequality
Unemployment lines
Unemployment lines
Cultural Conservatism…
• Prohibition
• Resurgence of the Ku Klux Klan
• Red Scare
– Sacco-Vandetti Case
• Anti-Immigration Movement
Driving Forces in the 1920s
• Conservative/Progressive Tensions
• Technological Innovations
• Economic Prosperity
The Economy:Robust, Roaring, and Ready to Fall
• Laissez-Faire, Republican Presidents Control Government
• Automobile Industry Booms
• Increasing Rich/Poor Gap
• Stock Market Crash of October, 1929
Layout & Images
Here are some samples of layout options that combine images with limited text.
What works – and what doesn’t
“The Civilizations of Asia were well ahead of Europe in wealth and knowledge”
The Birth of the Congestion Charge
Charging Zone
1. Reduced congestion
2. Generated rapid payback of initial setup costs
3. Generated broader net economic benefits
For beyond the class
“Believing and seeing are often wrong” McNamara
Content: density, size, parallel construction & grammar
Here are some examples of slides created by someone who ignored the rule to NEVER have too much text – and some suggestions
on how they might be improved
Bush Whacked now we can see it
Historic Events
• Woodstock represents pinnacle of hippie movement
• Fidel Castro comes to power and declares he’s communist, all U.S. ties to Cuba cut
• Cuban missile crisis• JFK assassination in 1963,
LBJ becomes President & is re-elected in 1964
• Vietnam War starts, causing massive protests by youth
• Civil Rights movement: M. L. King Jr., Malcolm X began peacefully
• Black panthers preach separatism and violence
• Civil Rights act of 1964 amended to include gender
• Supreme Court rules prayer in school unconstitutional in 1962
• Drug use soars with the aid of hippie movement
BEFORE
Historic Events
Cold War / Vietnam
• Berlin Wall erected 1961• Bay of Pigs 1961• Cuban missile crisis 1962• Gulf of Tonkin incident 1964• US bombs N. Vietnam 1965• 500,000 US troops in Vietnam 1968• Mai Lai massacre 1968• Tet offensive 1968• USSR invades Czechoslovakia 1968• US bombs Cambodia 1969
Civil Rights
• Civil Rights Acts of 1960 & 1964• Black Like Me 1961• Freedom Riders 1961• MLK “I have a dream speech” 1963• JFK assassinated 1963• War on Poverty 1964• Urban Riots
– Harlem 1963– LA 1965– Detroit 1967
• Black panthers formed 1966• Malcolm X assassinated 1965• MLK & RFK assassinated 1968 After
• Household technology gave women more time to work
• Business thinking allowed for part time work
• Working women became acceptable mostly to husbands
• High school enrolment had enormous growth
• From 1928 to 1938 high school graduation rates grew from 11% to 32% Before
Factors behind growth
1.Household technology
2.Part time work
3.Social stigma
4.High school enrolment
– 1928 11%
– 1938 32% After
Impact of the Congestion Charge
• Composition of London’s traffic• Impact on average travel speeds• Levels of congestion
• Central London• Inner ring road
• Travel times
Before
Impact of the Congestion Charge
• Composition of traffic
• Levels of congestion
• Travel speeds
• Travel times
After
How The Congestion Charge Works
• Determining the right price for the congestion charge
• Where and when the charge would be implemented
• Who is charged for driving in the congestion zone
• How to monitor and bill the vehicles driven in the congestion zone
• How to pay the congestion charge
Before
How The Congestion Charge Works
Authorities must determine?
•What price to charge for congestion?
•Where and when charge is implemented?
•Who is charged in the congestion zone?
•How will monitoring be done?
•How will bills be determined?
•How will drivers pay the charge?
After
Key Questions
1. What is the right charge?
2. Where and when to charge?
3. Who will be charged?
4. How do we monitor drivers?
5. How are vehicles bills?
6. How are charges paid
Flappers• The 1920’s introduced a “new breed” of
women. They coined the name “flappers”.
• These young women expressed themselves by wearing short skirts and bobbing their hair.
• Women of this decade broke away from tradition often seen smoking or drinking in public places.
Before
A “new breed” of women: Flappers
1. wore short skirts
2. bobbed their hair
3. smoked and drank in public
After
Nixon’s: Experiment with Money
Put in place a set of shocking policies:
• Wage and priceprice controls • Abandonment of the international gold
standard( End of Bretton Woods system)
• Depreciation of the dollar
• Implemented deficit spending
Before
Nixon’s: New Economic Policy
1. Imposed wage and priceprice controls
2. Abandoned international gold standard (End of Bretton Woods system)
3. Depreciated the dollar
4. Implemented deficit spending
After
The New Deal
• Federal Emergency Relief Administration- Aided depleting relief agencies with millions
• Civil Works Administration- Gave jobs to 4 million, working on roads and airports
• Social Security Act- Provided pensions to elderly
• Fair Labor Standards Act- Set minimum wage and banned child labor
Before
The New Deal
Federal Emergency Relief Administration – Aided depleting relief agencies with millions
Civil Works Administration– Created jobs to 4 million, working on roads and airports
Social Security Act– Provided pensions to elderly
Fair Labor Standards Act– Established minimum wage and banned child labor
After
The New Deal
Federal Emergency Relief Administration – Aided depleting relief agencies
with millions
Civil Works Administration– Created jobs to 4 million, working
on roads and airports
Social Security Act– Provided pensions to elderly
Fair Labor Standards Act– Established minimum wage and
banned child labor
After
Data Presentation
Maps can be very effective
Clash of Civilizations Clash of Ideologies
The difference an economic system can make
Data Presentation
Tables Size matters – and here bigger is not necessarily better
State's General
Revenue
State's Higher Education
Appropriation
RIU's Unrestricted
RevenueRIU's State
Appropriation
1981 $675,386 $72,721 $61,819 $39,509
1982 $756,452 $76,074 $67,014 $42,058
1983 $821,247 $82,829 $72,645 $44,317
1984 $867,977 $89,149 $77,932 $47,662
1985 $901,640 $94,279 $82,047 $49,612
1986 $972,577 $101,822 $88,427 $53,842
1987 $1,052,435 $107,341 $94,686 $57,379
1988 $1,129,084 $113,270 $102,356 $60,869
1989 $1,239,341 $122,691 $111,704 $64,537
1990 $1,392,276 $130,963 $119,678 $68,671
1991 $1,489,371 $132,582 $124,875 $69,331
1992 $1,446,412 $120,382 $124,978 $62,561
1993 $1,711,078 $110,855 $131,248 $56,629
1994 $1,615,738 $112,656 $137,851 $57,123
1995 $1,530,926 $117,294 $141,277 $59,452
1996 $1,640,985 $127,094 $148,603 $62,915
1997 $1,706,683 $128,727 $150,159 $63,789
TOO MUCH
TOO MUCH
World GDP: Years 1-2000
1 1000 1500 … 1980 2000
China 26,820 26,550 61,800 1,040,313 4,183,666
India 33,750 33,750 60,500 637,202 1,899,526
Western Europe 14,433 10,925 44,183 4,849,192 7,539,382
US 272 520 800 4,230,558 8,019,378
World 105,402 120,264 248,345 20,041,571 36,568,190
Pump up the font
Share of world GDP
1 1000 1500 … 1980 2000
China 25% 22% 25% 5% 11%
India 32% 28% 24% 3% 5%
Western Europe 14% 9% 18% 24% 20%
US .3% .4% .3% 21% 21%
World 105,402 120,264 248,345 20,041,571 36,568,190
Data Presentation
Graphs: The Good, better, and best
and not ready for prime time
Better
State Share of Revenues
• Connecticut recieves 25% of revenues from the two casinos slot machines.
• Foxwoods 6,641 slots brought in $65.2 million in February. The same month, Mohegan Sun’s 6,198 slot machines brought in $55.1 million. The total is $120 million giving CT $30 million.
CT’s share$30 million
Not ready Too much
A sample of the information we will be looking at Not ready
Too little
Not ready Too little
China
Britain
Better
OK
Japan
GermanyChina
USIndia
Good
China effect
Better
Animation/Transition
Animations and transitions can make a big difference as you can see here
China effect
The New Deal
Federal Emergency Relief Administration – Aided depleting relief agencies
with millions
Civil Works Administration– Created jobs to 4 million, working
on roads and airports
Social Security Act– Provided pensions to elderly
Fair Labor Standards Act– Established minimum wage and
banned child labor
or
The New Deal
Federal Emergency Relief Administration – Aided depleting relief agencies
with millions
Civil Works Administration– Created jobs to 4 million, working
on roads and airports
Social Security Act– Provided pensions to elderly
Fair Labor Standards Act– Established minimum wage and
banned child labor
The New Deal
Federal Emergency Relief Administration – Aided depleting relief agencies
with millions
Civil Works Administration– Created jobs to 4 million, working
on roads and airports
Social Security Act– Provided pensions to elderly
Fair Labor Standards Act– Established minimum wage and
banned child labor
The New Deal
Federal Emergency Relief Administration – Aided depleting relief agencies
with millions
Civil Works Administration– Created jobs to 4 million, working
on roads and airports
Social Security Act– Provided pensions to elderly
Fair Labor Standards Act– Established minimum wage and
banned child labor
The New Deal
Federal Emergency Relief Administration – Aided depleting relief agencies
with millions
Civil Works Administration– Created jobs to 4 million, working
on roads and airports
Social Security Act– Provided pensions to elderly
Fair Labor Standards Act– Established minimum wage and
banned child labor
What would the world's population be in 25 years if it increases by 1.5 percent per year from its current value of
6.4 billion?
(2b) FV = PV(l+g)T
FV = 6.4*(1+.015)25 = 6.4*1.45 = 9.286
or
What would the world's population be in 25 years if it increases by 1.5 percent per year from its current value of
6.4 billion?
(2b) FV = PV(l+g)T
FV = 6.4*(1+.015)25 = 6.4*1.45 = 9.286
What would the world's population be in 25 years if it increases by 1.5 percent per year from its current value of
6.4 billion?
(2b) FV = PV(l+g)T
FV = 6.4*(1+.015)25 = 6.4*1.45 = 9.286
or
Animation
How to make create an old slide show
Opportunity Cost Gene has a business where revenues over her lifetime equal
$1,500,000 and lifetime costs are $1,250,000. Mary offers Gene $500,000 to sell the business. What what would you tell Gene is the profit from keeping the business?
Keep Sell Net Keep
Revenues $1,500,000 $500,000 $1,000,000
Costs $1,250,000 $1,250,000
Profit $250,000 $500,000 -$250,000
or
Opportunity Cost c Gene has a business where revenues over her lifetime equal
$1,500,000 and lifetime costs are $1,250,000. Mary offers Gene $500,000 to sell the business. What what would you tell Gene is the profit from keeping the business?
Keep Sell Net Keep
Revenues $1,500,000 $500,000 $1,000,000
Costs $1,250,000 $1,250,000
Profit $250,000 $500,000 -$250,000
Opportunity Cost Gene has a business where revenues over her lifetime equal
$1,500,000 and lifetime costs are $1,250,000. Mary offers Gene $500,000 to sell the business. What what would you tell Gene is the profit from keeping the business?
Keep Sell Net Keep
Revenues $1,500,000 $500,000 $1,000,000
Costs $1,250,000 $1,250,000
Profit $250,000 $500,000 -$250,000
Opportunity Cost Gene has a business where revenues over her lifetime equal
$1,500,000 and lifetime costs are $1,250,000. Mary offers Gene $500,000 to sell the business. What what would you tell Gene is the profit from keeping the business?
Keep Sell Net Keep
Revenues $1,500,000 $500,000 $1,000,000
Costs $1,250,000 $1,250,000
Profit $250,000 $500,000 -$250,000
Opportunity Cost Gene has a business where revenues over her lifetime equal
$1,500,000 and lifetime costs are $1,250,000. Mary offers Gene $500,000 to sell the business. What what would you tell Gene is the profit from keeping the business?
Keep Sell Net Keep
Revenues $1,500,000 $500,000 $1,000,000
Costs $1,250,000 $1,250,000
Profit $250,000 $500,000 -$250,000
