Wireless Sensor Network

Presented by:Poorya Ghafoorpoor Yazdi

2012_2013

Eastern Mediterranean UniversityMechanical Engineering Department

Master Thesis Presentation

Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta T.R. North Cyprus via Mersin 10, Turkey Tel: +90 392 6301089 Email: poorya.ghafoorpoor@cc.emu.edu.tr

Definition of Wireless sensor networks

General applications

manufacturing applications

Localization of WSN

Proposed localization technique (Trilateration)

Methodology and comparisons

Conclusion

Outlines

Definition of Wired sensor & Wireless Sensors(Wired Sensors vs. Wireless Sensors)

Wireless Sensor Networks Overview

◦ A wireless sensor network (WSN) is a wireless network consisting of spatially distributed autonomous devices using sensors to cooperatively monitor physical or environmental conditions, such as temperature, sound, vibration, pressure, flow, level, motion or pollutants, at different locations.

◦ Wireless sensor networks are now used in many industrial and civilian application areas, including industrial process monitoring and control, machine health monitoring, environment and habitat monitoring, healthcare applications, home automation, and traffic control

Wireless Sensor Networks

Sensor nodes◦ Nodes can be imagined as small computers, extremely

basic in terms of their interfaces and their components. They usually consist of a processing unit with limited computational power and limited memory, sensors (including specific conditioning circuitry), a communication device (usually radio transceivers or alternatively optical), and a power source usually in the form of a battery.

 

Wireless Sensor Networks

 Base Station◦ The base stations are one or more distinguished

components of the WSN with much more computational, energy and communication resources. They act as a gateway between sensor nodes and the end user.

Transceiver

MemoryEmbeddedProcessor

Sensors

Battery

128KB-1MBLimited Storage

1Kbps - 1Mbps, 3-100 Meters,

Lossy Transmissions

66% of Total CostRequires Supervision

8-bit, 10 MHzSlow Computations

Limited LifetimeEnergy Harvesting System

Wireless sensor Node limitations

Wireless Sensor Networks

◦ Unique characteristics of a WSN include: Limited power they can harvest or store Ability to withstand harsh environmental

conditions Ability to cope with node failures Mobility of nodes Dynamic network topology Communication failures Heterogeneity of nodes Large scale of deployment Unattended operation

Military applications Battle-damage assessment Battlefield surveillance Communications Monitoring

Environmental applications Monitoring the behavior of organisms Forest fire detection Flood detection Mapping of the environment Precision Agriculture

Health Care applications

Hospital staff and patients tracking and monitoring Drug administration in hospitals

Other applications Smart Buildings

General applications of WSNs

Battle-damage assessment Battlefield surveillance Communications Monitoring

Military Applications

Monitoring the behavior of organisms Forest fire detection Flood detection Mapping of the environment Precision Agriculture

Environment applications

Hospital staff and patients tracking and monitoring Drug administration in hospitals

Health applications

Smart Buildings: Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems Lightning  Air quality and window control Systems switching off devices  Security and safety

Other Applications

Industrial robots Real-time inventory management Process and equipment monitoring Environment monitoring

Manufacturing application of WSNs

1:Two power supplies

2: four primary loops

3:Wireless senor nodes

4:Robot

5:Convayer

6:Antenna

7:input module

Manufacturing application of WSN for Industrial robots

General Motors Engine assembly line

The old fashioned manual inventory management system problems:

1: out-of-stocks

2: expedited shipments

3: production slowdowns

4: excess buffer inventory

Manufacturing application of WSN for Real-time inventory management

Inventory management for packaged gases with WSN

General Motors utilized the monitoring system which is integrated by wireless sensor network technology to monitor the manufacturing equipments vibration and temperature :

1: forecasting the machine’s failure

2: pre-emptive maintenance

3: faster repair of equipment

Manufacturing application of WSN for Real-time inventory management

Wireless sensor network can be useful to:

Detecting leakage

Detecting radiation

Detecting intrusion

Manufacturing application of WSN for Environment monitoring

“Nose-on-a-chip” is a gas detector senor and it can detect more than 400 kinds of gases

and send signal to a basic station

Wireless Sensor Networks

◦ Wireless Sensor Network Advantages

Wireless systems allow for widespread energy saving, enabling preventative maintenance for reduced unplanned downtimes, increasing productivity, and saving on wiring costs—all with lower upfront investments versus a wired system.

Wireless Sensor Networks

◦ Wireless Sensing Solution◦ Wireless Sensing Solutions are a new means to satisfy

demanding data measurement requirements in a range of industrial environments. Without the use of common cables, power supplies or data acquisition equipment, our self-powered real-time solutions can be as remote and customized as you need them to be.

◦ Providing accurate data in remote and at times unsafe locations, wireless sensors measure, record and transmit data—in real time—in critical applications such as oil and gas drilling, food and beverage production, metal fabrication and machining, chemical, paper and pulp processing, along with other manufacturing applications. Built for durability, sensors can withstand the harsh and dirty conditions of these often dangerous and hazardous environments.

Wireless Sensor NetworksProgramming

TinyOS is a free and open source component-based operating system and platform targeting wireless sensor networks (WSNs).

TinyOS is an embedded operating system written in the nesC programming language as a set of cooperating tasks and processes. It is intended to be incorporated into smartdust.

TinyOS started as a collaboration between the University of California, Berkeley in co-operation with Intel Research and Crossbow Technology, and has since grown to be an international consortium, the TinyOS Alliance.