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Page 1: PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATIONmembers.eaavintage.org/wp...Vol-35-No-6-June-2007.pdf · PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION . ... Flightline Safety Committee and their

GEOFF ROBISON PRESIDENT VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION

AirVentures Type Club Experience EAA AirVenture Oshkosh is practishy

cally right around the corner now and its shaping up to be another real winshyner of a show for 2007 I often wonder just how many of our loyal members who read this magazine every month have yet to make it to Oshkosh for the worlds greatest aviation event If you are one of these individuals I really must ask What are you waiting for

Each year it amazes me how this event continues to attract so many never-seen-before beautifully restored aircraft and a display of virtually every flying gizmo known to man all highshylighted by many new and interesting aviation technologies

One of the many activities around the VAA area during the annual EAA convention is the very active and popushylar type club aircraft parkingcamping area This large group of very dedicated individuals goes to great pains to reshystore maintain and operate many difshyferent vintage-specific aircraft types As you can imagine throughout the oftenshylengthy restoration of these aircraft reshylationships are certain to be built with the leadership and representatives of the many varied type clubs that have develshyoped and flourished over many years

So when we first began offering the type clubs the opportunity to park and camp together at Oshkosh it was an immediate hit We have an embarrassshyment of riches in that regard So many great aircraft and clubs with a finite amount of space

For the club member what a great opportunity to bring your restored airshycraft to Oshkosh and park it among dozens of other similar aircraft Chances are excellent that you will go home with at least a half dozen new ideas about enshy

hancements or modifications for your own flying machine Each year at Oshshykosh we are able to highlight only a few aircraft types This year we are hosting three specific groups

The International Stinson Club will be conducting a mass arrival on Sunday July 22 at 930 am with 50 vintage Stinsons

bullThe Beechcraft owners are celebratshying the anniversaries of both the Beech and the Bonanza with a type club group of more than 20 vintage Beechshycraft aircraft

bull We are also hosting a group of more than 20 Pi per Comanches to round out the field of type club airshycraft for the 2007 event

The type club parkingcamping area always seems to be very popular and has proven to be successful and fulfillshying for not only those of us who plan and implement this initiative but esshypecially for the members and enthusishyasts who take the opportunity to walk among these aircraft and visit with their proud owners See for yourself the kind of fun and camaraderie enjoyed by parshyticipating in this wonderful activity

I would be remiss here if I failed to give proper recognition to the many members of the Vintage Parking amp Flightline Safety Committee and their valued volunteers for their efforts in making this initiative so safe and sucshycessful each and every year I specifically like to recognize the extensive efforts of Tim Fox who during the off-season takes on all of the pre-planning efforts that are critical to the success of this imshyportant Vintage initiative Thanks Tim The type club parking and camping area can be found on the flight line at rows 74W through 84W (on the west side of

the main north-south pavement Witshytman Road) which is just north of the ultralight area of operations

I have one other good-news item to share with the membership this month During the spring board meeting your Vintage Aircraft Association board of dishyrectors voted to further extend the elishygible years of the Contemporary class of vintage aircraft to those aircraft manufacshytured on or before December 31 1970

Now I fully understand and recogshynize the fact that maybe not all of the membership will embrace the news of this enhancement of the Contemposhyrary category but I would remind everyshybody it wasnt all that long ago that we heard the grumbling about all of those postwar aircraft being parked among the antiques at Rockford You rememshyber them-we call them classics

This initiative was actually brought to the Vintage boardroom by EAAs Vinshytage Aircraft Association judges as a reshysult of continuous contacts from the owners of these aircraft who wish to not only engage themselves in the Vintage movement but also to have their airshycraft judged at Oshkosh each year So please join me in welcoming these latshyest additions to the f1ightline at Oshshykosh this year

EAA AirVenture Oshkosh 2007 the worlds greatest aviation celebration is July 23-292007

VAA is about participation Be a member Be a volunteer Be there

Lets all pull in the same direction for the good of aviation

Remember we are better together

Join usndA~

N E J u E VOL 35 NO6 2007

CO N TE NTS IFe Straight amp Level

AirVentures Type Club Experience by Geoff Robison

2 News

4 Sun n Fun 2007

1 1 Just Plane Tommy The story of the Thomas-Morse Aircraft Corporation Part II j

by Al Kelch

16 The Poulton Familys Chief Aeronca IlBC by Budd Davisson

22 The Birth of Taylorcraft Creating a classic design by Chester L Peek Ph D

28 Mystery Plane Extra The Butler Manufacturing Co NL-13 biplane by Wesley Smith

33 Pass It to Buck The very beginning of airworthiness certificates pilot certificates by Buck Hilbert

36 Mystery Plane by HG Frautschy

38 Calendar

39 Classified Ads

COVERS FRONT COVER Danny Poulton of Belton South Carolina restored this Aeronca with two personal

goals in mind The first find a project that fit his goals and skill levels for more on his significant

personal achievement see Budd Davissons article starting on page 16 EAA photo Bonnie Kratz

our photo pilot was Bruce Moore Special thanks to Pau l Fertitta of SI August ine Rorida for the use

of his Piper Lance photo plane

BACK COVER John Van Surdams 1934 Waco YKC is covered in the morning dew as another day

starts at Sun n Fun Our coverage of the annual event starts on page 4

STAFF EAA Publisher Tom Poberezny Director of EAA Publications David Hipschman Executive DirectorEditor HG Frau tschy Executive Assistant Jillian Rooker Managing Ed itor Kathleen Witman News Edi tor Ric Reynolds Photography Jim Koepnick

Bonnie Kratz Advertising Coordinator Sue Anderson Classified Ad Coordinator Daphene VanHullum Copy Editor Colleen Walsh Director of Adverti sing Katrina Bradshaw

Display Advertising Representatives Northeast Allen Murray Phone 856-229-7180 FAX856-229-7258 e-mail alelllllllrrayfrllillrisprillgcom

Southeast Chester Baumgartner Phone 727-532-4640 FAX727-532-4630 o-mail cbllllllli J i lllillriSprillgCOIII

Central Todd Reese Ihone 800-444-9932 FAX 816-741-6458 e-mail toridSpc-lIIagcolII

Mountain amp Pacific John Gibson Phone 916-784-9593 e-mail jollllgibsOtlispc-mtlgcom

Europe Willi Tacke Phono +498969340213 FAX +498969340214 e-mail williflyillg-pagescol1l

VI NTAGE AI RPLAN E

Staggerwing Museum Adopts New Name

The board of trustees of the Stagshygerwing Museum Foundation Inc has changed the name of its museum to the Beechcraft Heritage Museum The new name more accurately reshyflects the museums commitment to preserving the rich history of Beechshycraft as well as fostering aviation edshyucation said Michael Greenblatt president of the foundation

Beech Aircraft Company built their first aircraft in 1932 and that very airplane is now the centerpiece of the museum Officially designated the Beechcraft Model 17R-l this distincshytively original and beautiful aircraft design became affectionately known as the Staggerwing

The foundation expanded in 1995 by adding the Twin Beech 18 Socishyety division The museums footprint was increased in 1997 by the dedicashytion of the Twin Beech 18 Hangar On display is one of only three existing prewar examples of the Beechcraft Model 18 Twin Beech

In 2001 this facility was enlarged and rededicated as the Alton E Chuck Cianchette Hangar The BoshynanzaBaron Museum division was launched in 2003 with the first phase of hangar construction dedicated in 2004 and the second phase in 2006 This hangar houses two of the oldshyest 1947 Beechcraft Model 35 Bonanshyzas the first Model 55 Baron built in 1960 and the one-fifth scale original Bonanza wind tunnel models from 1945 The Beechcraft Heritage Mushyseum is planning a special celebration during its annual convention October 10-14 as 2007 marks the 75th annishyversary of the founding of the Beech Aircraft Company and the producshytion of the Staggerwing the 70th anshyniversary of the Twin Beech and the

JUNE 2007

Stinsons in Type Club Parking In addition to the two other clubs selected for parking in the Type Club parking

area there will again be a gaggle of Stinsons to behold in this special area created in the Vintage Showplane parking area Type Club parking is just south of the EAA Volunteer Emergency Aircraft Repair shack just west of Wittman Road the main north-south road on the convention grounds

60th anniversary of the Bonanza All Beechcraft and aviation enthusiasts are invited to attend Event informashytion is available on its website at www BeechcraftHeritageMuseumorg

The Beechcraft Heritage Museum is open to the general public and is located 70 miles southeast of Nashshyville Tennessee at the Tullahoma Reshygional Airport (THA)

EAA AirVenture Awards Ceremonies to Change in 2007

In past years all of the coveted EAA AirVenture Lindy aircraft awards (exshycept for Warbirds) were presented toshygether on AirVenture Saturday night at Theater in the Woods but thats going to change in 2007 Rotorcraft Ultralights Homebuilts Seaplanes and Vintage awards will be presented at individual ceremonies to allow reshycipients to receive their honors at events attended by their peers

Here is the new schedule of awards presentations for EAA AirVenture Osshyhkosh 2007 (Event times will be anshynounced on wwwAirVentureorg as plans are confirmed)

bull Rotorcraft awards-Theater in the

Woods on Friday evening July 27 bull Ultralight awards-Saturday eveshy

ning July 28 during the annual Ulshytralight party at the Nature Center

bull Homebuilt aircraft awards-Satshyurday evening July 28 at a Honda Motorcycles Forums Plaza location to be determined

bull Seaplane aircraft awards--during the annual Watermelon Social dinner on Saturday evening July 28 at the EAA Seaplane Base

bull Vintage aircraft awards-Saturshyday evening (7-8 pm) July 28 at Theater in the Woods

The EAA Warbirds of America will continue to present its AirVenture awards on Saturday evening in the EAA AirVenture Museums Eagle Hangar

For more about the new award cershyemonies listen to the EAA AvCast at wwwEAAorgpodcast featuring HG Frautschy executive director of EAAs Vintage Aircraft Association discussshying the changes

EAA AirVenture Website Has What Youre Looking For

Find out what you need to know about The Worlds Greatest Aviashy

2

tion Celebration at wwwA irVenture org This years special events and atshytractions forums and workshops acshycommodations Oshkosh area travel information and more are all a few clicks away

Also check out our biweekly EAA AvCasts wwwEAA orglpodcast for a collection of audio presentations feashyturing aviation people events and isshysues and EAA AirVenture updates

And the Winner Is Top Gun Paramount Pictures blockbuster

1986 movie Top Gun received the most votes in the Greatest Aviation Movie of All Time poll conducted on the EAA AirVenture website from Febshyruary I -May 2 The story of naval avishyator Pete Maverick Mitchell played by EAAer Tom Cruise received 2047 percent of the total votes cast The 1949 film Twelve OClock High placed second in the balloting with 174 pershycent while Memphis Belle (1990) garshynered 1216 percent

Other films in the fi n al poll inshycluded Battle ofBritain (1969) 1178 percent Spirit ofst Louis (1957) and The Great Waldo Pepper (1975) each with 859 percent Those Magnificent Men in Their Flying Machines (1965) 715 percent The Flight of the Phoenix (1965) 518 percent and The High and the Mighty (1954) 408 percent

During EAA AirVenture Osh kosh 2007 attendees can watch Top Gun which also stars Kelly McGillis Va l Kilmer Anthony Edwards and Tom Skerritt on the large outdoor screen at the EAA Fly-In Theater presented by Ford Motor Company and Eclipse Aviation (Date to be annou nced soon at wwwAirVentureorg)

Other movies to be shown this year at the EAA Fly-In Theater include Spirit ofst Louis Flying Tigers Wings Thirty Seconds Over Tokyo Apollo 13 and Twelve OClock High

The EAA Fly-In Theater is located adjacent to EAAs Camp Scholler and is open each evening (weather permitshyting) from Sunday July 22 through Saturday July 28 The walk-in theater is reminiscent of the famo us driveshyin theaters of the past complete with popcorn There is no admission

We were saddened to hear of the

deaths of Doug and Sharon 8eechel

of Cotter Arkansas on April 22

Doug and Sharon perished in the

crash of their Murphy Moose as

they attempted to land at their home

airport next to the White River

A longtime VAA member Doug

was active in both vintage and

homebuilt aircraft circles and enshy

joyed flying his Moose and Aeronca

Champ Always ready with a gleam

in his eye and an offer of something

cool to drink he and Sharon were

gracious hosts to the many guests

who stopped by the Moose at a flyshy

in We ll miss them greatly

charge fo r the theater which is open to all AirVenture guests Each eveshynings show begins at approximately 830 pm with an in troduction by a celebrity presenter fo llowed by a classic aviation fi lm at about 9 p m shown on a pro jection screen meashysuring five stories high

EAA thanks everyon e wh o voted both in the initial Greatest Aviation Movie nominations and in the fina l web poll

EAA Praises FAA Proposal to Extend Duration of Ainnen Medical Certificates

The FAA plans to extend the durashytion of third-class medical certificates from three years to five years and firstshyclass medicals from six months to a year for pilots under age 40 This action will help to make more resources availshyable for oth er pressing medical certishyfication processes such as th ird-class special issuance medical certificates

Marion Blakey first mentioned the

proposa l last year during her Meet the Administ ra tor session at EAA AirVenture EAA whose Aeromedical Advisory Council works continually with the FAA to remove medical certishyfication barriers has been highly supshyportive of this effort

Period ic medica l examination is of certain value but no t many sign ificant conditions are discovshyered on ro utine examinations on pilo ts below age 40 said Council Chairman Dr Jack Hastings This cha n ge wi ll hopefu ll y allow the Aerom edical Certification Division to d evote grea t er time and atten shyt ion t o problem aeromedica l cershytifications and achieve the goal of timely decisions

FAA estimates that 175000 fewer fi rst class certifica t es and 90000 fewer third-class certificates would be renewed over 10 years resulting in a cost savings to airmen estimated at $85 million

EAA Urges Aircraft Buyers to Make Sure Autofuel STCs Are Legit

EAA has learned of several recent in stances where aircraft sellers have attempted to pass their aircraft off as having an autofuel supplementary type certificate (STC) without the reshyquired documentation

EAA and Peterson Aviation are the only organ izations that have issued autofuel STCs and placards since the program began in the early 1980s EAA advises would-be aircraft buyers to make sure any aircraft purported to have an autofuel STC indeed has one

Contact Petersen Aviation through wwwAutoFueISTCcom e-mail EAA at dwalkereaaorg or call 920-426-4843 to see if the records are on fi le Also check to see if the aircraft has placards on the wings next to the fuel inlets If there are no placards its possible that someone fraudulently used a copy of an STC or has misrepresented the airshycraft to a potential buyer

An autofuel STC can save you a lot of money over the years and can add to the value of your aircraft when you want to sell

continued on page 32

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 3

The Sun n Fun Fly-In is a great way to shake off the winter blahs and jumpstart the summer flying seashyson If you re a northerner like I am by the time baseball season starts youre more than ready to peel off a sweatshirt or two and fly in shirtsleeves Sun n Fun is all about that attitude fly in relax enjoy visiting with your friends and soak in a good dose of Vitamin Av vitamin Aviation that is

The vintage aircraft area overseen by the fine folks of VAA Chapter 1 was filled with a mix of familiar alushyminum and tube and fabric friends as well as a basket full of one-of-a kind airplanes including a rare Travel Air lOB and Saab 91 Safir Tucked back the corner near the trees was an equally rare Bucker Bestmann a pretty low-wing German training aircraft And how about Dean Tilton who along with his friends Dusty and Todd Rhode have not one but two of the rare Arrow Sport biplanes Cap off the week with a fine picnic on the lawn in front of the Vintage Aircraft Headquarters and you have the makings of a great week to start the 2007 fly-in season Lets see both the people and airplanes we enjoyed seeing during Sun n Fun 2007

The seaplane base moved this year from the city park to apoint on the southwest side of lake Parker The new location gave the spectators outstanding views of the take-off and spot landing competitions including this takeoff drag race between apair of SeaBees Despite what you see here eventually the yellow Seabee flown by Bill Bardin won this round

JUNE 2007 4

Lew lIakds Aeronca 7AC ChcInp has been neatly restored with His custom color scheme Lews Champ took home the top Classic hp category (0-100 hp) award

Idont know of too many people who dont subconsciously hold their breath each time they see this done Thankfully the three professionals performing this ac~ John Mohr in the Stearman Todd Green (the stuotman) and Roger Buis Otto the helicopters pilo~ perform this act regularly and are exceptionally proficient The Untied Team performed their act during the daily air show

RIGHT Basically restored by Richard Blazer Tullahoma Tennessee this Taylorcrafts new owner Dick Lawrence of

Pensacola Florida has been busy tweaking this 1946 model Dicks Taylorcraft was selected as one of the top category award

winners at Sun nFun Tom Ramsey Julie~ Tennessee lost his hangar and sold the restored Taylorcrafl

HG FRAUTSCHY

The Arrow Sport biplane is one of the few openshycockpit airplanes built with side-by-side seating and few of this make remain But here are two of them restored by Dean lilton and his wife Christine (far right) From left to righ~ we have the owners of the newest Arrow Sport restoration NC9327 Todd Willie and Dusty Rhode with the Rhodes grandson Kyle in the cockpit

LEFT Now heres asound you dont hear too often in the vintage parking area---piper Stan Berry of Williston Florida serenaded us and instantly drew an appreciative crowd as he played while the sun set below the trees

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 5

The pudgy litHe Stinson 10 may be abit on the rare side but irs just so cute you cant help stop and watch as it taxis by This example is owned by Julian Thomas of NiceviHe Rorida

Good thing those bullet holes are painted on

Chuck Story brought this nice post-war Aeronca llAC Chief mounted on apair of Edo 1400 floats HG FRAUTSCHY PHOTOS

Chucks from Haslett Michigan

Dan Tubbs Taylorcraft looks as crisp and clean as a southern gentlemans summer white seersucker suil Dan hailsfrom AltamontTennessee

JUNE 2007 6

Left Jeff and Suzette Deaton in the proud owners of this outstanding customized 1954 BeedJcraft Bonanza Always among the top airplanes at any event in which it is shown the Beech won the top Classic category prize at this years Sun n FIHI Jeff and Suzette brought their son Blake age 5 along for his first camping Sun n fun adventure where he channed us all

BELOW One of the very rare airplanes on display duro ing this years kick off to the fly-in season was this CzechshybuiH Bucker Bul8l Bestmann owned and flown by Richard Epton of Brooks Georgia Winner of the Most Unique Classhysic aircraft award well have afeature story on this 1949 low-wing trainer in afuture issue of Vmtage Airplane

Willie Ropp now 95 years young (inset) reshystored this 1933 Travel Air CW seaplane nearly two deshycades ago and its still going I

strong Based at Browns Seaplane Base in Winter Haven Rorida it was flown during the seaplane fly-in by Willies daughter Belle

HG FRAUTSCHY PHOTOS

Sometimes you just need to use the transportation you have to get your newfound treasures back to your car

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 7

The Grand Champion Antique award was presented to Less Whittlesleys 1939 Lockheed 12A Electra Jr which was also the Antique Grand Champion at last years AirVenture Oshkosh 2006

RIGHT Unless youre awor1d traveler whos been to Europe its unlikely youve ever actually seen the Saab Safir 91 alow-wing trainer built by the automobileairshycraft manufacturer Lars De Jounge who now hails from Vero Beach Florida has lovingly restored this example which was presented with an Outstanding in Type award Lars tells us he plans on bringing the airplane to EAA AirVenture Oshkosh 2007

One more time The Luscombe Silvaire Aircraft Company (also known as Renaissance Aircraft) is now located on the Historic Flabob Airport in Riverside Califorshynia The company is planning to produce the venerable Luscombe Silvaire as their model LSA-8 powered by the newly available Continental 0-200 engine

wwwluscombemiddotsilvairecom JUN E 2007 8

Some folks think the Franklin 6A4-165-B3 engine was afactory option at the Aeronca factory for the 15AC Sedan it was no~ as the original STC was issued to Maine Air Service It certainly adds just a litHe more oomph to the performance of this fine 4-place airplane as owner Don Wilson can attesl Wilsons recent beautiful restoration which features seaplane door conversions and the very handy STCd fueling steps supplied by Burls Aircraft Rebuild of Chugiak Alaska Burl holds the Type Certificate for the Sedan and has been steadily adding to the available parts list

___~~~_ __~ for the Sedan

HG FRAUTSCHY PHOTOS

RIGHT William Sharpe from nearby Tampa Florida brought his 1962 Mooney M20C over to Sun nFun for aday or so

Even an altercation with a runway logging truck couldnt keep restorer Gorgeous weather was the norm for nearly every day during this years Sun nFun

and the annual picnic for the Vintage Aircraft area hosted by VAA Chapter 1(Florida Sport Aviation Antique and Classic Association-FSAACA) is always abig hit with the Vintage crowd as you can see by the nearly standingmiddotroom only crowd

VINTAG E AIRPLANE

pilot Jeff Smith of Asheboro North Carolina from Sun nFun with his brilmiddot liant restoration of his 125 hp Temco Globe Swift First purchased by Smith in 1996 hes carefully been restoring and polishing the essentially stock airmiddot plane for the past decade creating abeautiful showplane

9

Bill Scott of Springhill Florida restored his Stinson 108-3 with no intentions of selling it but the new owner Jim Gibson from Polk City FL worked on him for several years before he finally gave in_

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One of tile Inmdreds of volunteers on hand to help put on tile annual spring migration to Florida Bill Wedlund of Jacksonville Florida gives the stop signal to Kennit Sutton of Naples Florida as Kennit taxis in with his turbine DeHavilland Beaver conversion

Ron Haynes brought his lovely Piper Cub to Sun nFun from New Port Richey Florida Parked near the emergency aircraft repair building (thats afork lift behind the Cub) Rons Cub looked like just the ticket for enjoying the Florida air with the window and door open

Kent Pietschs 1942 S-l Interstate Cadet is flown in airshows all over the world (in January he flew in the AI Ain Aerobatic Show at Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates) and is now decorated in the colors of his new sponsor Jelly Belly jellybeans

10 JUNE 2007

An earty Model TA hydro in the air Note the tubular wing tip floats

The story of the Thomas-Morse Aircraft Corporation Part II

BY AL K ELCH

PHOTOS FROM THE WILLIAM T THOMAS JR COLLECTION VIA ROBERT G ELLIOTT

Preface two-part story in two 1960 issues of American Airman exshy1982-The following three-part article on the Thomasshy tensively researched by Frank Strand with a great deal oforigishy

Morse Aircraft Corp although extensively edited and further nal contact with William Thomas Sr researched by me should be credited to Robert C Elliott of Frank had permission to use all ofthe material he had gathshyDaytona Beach Florida who sought out William T Thomas ered to put together one more article specially tailored for VinshyIr still living in Daytona Beach Mr Thomas generously tage Airplane magazine on the Tommy-Morse Scout of World shared pictures and recollections of his father plus some mashy War I fame For the real Tommy buffs it would pay to seek out terial from the personal collections of Paul D Wison one of his extensive two-part story in the American Airman for lune the three original test pilots Robert submitted to me fresh mashy and luly 1960 Frank also did Profile No 68 published by Proshyterial on the earlier portions of the Thomas airplane venture file Publications Ltd PO Box 26 1A North St Leatherhead On researching several older articles I zeroed in on a wonderful Surrey England

In 1913-1914 the attention of the Thomas Aeroplane Company was turned to the development of flying boats following the similar course of Glenn Curtiss The first machine was quite crude with a wooden hull and the top deck covered with canvas powered with a six-cylinder 90-hp

Austro-Daimler engine The developshyment of this phase of Thomas flying boats went through some sleek mashyhogany-hulled versions on to develop the first metal-hulled hydroplane in America Along with the flying boats several interesting types developed including a two-place version of the

same airplane both powered by 90shyhp Austro-Daimler engines In adshydition a single-place monoplane reminiscent of the Bleriot was flown using a 40-hp Maxi-motor This Thomas monoplane proved unsuitshyable for exhibition work

It was about this time another Mr REPRINTED FROM Vintage Airplane AUGUST 1982

VI NTAGE AIRPLANE 11

An early Thomas tractor hydroplane with single float and wing tip floats

Riglrt-side view of a 1916 hydroplane two-place Model B-3 Austro-Daimler powered

A much earlier Thomas hydroplane with a 90-hp Austro-Daimler engine The forward section of the hull had a fabric cover to furnish protection from the spray

With a 90-hp Austro Austro-Daimshyler engine this metal-hulled Thomas hydroplanes fuel tank was located on top of a wing

~ t J 4 bull i

bull

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12 J U NE 2007

Two Guns White Cap chief of the Blackfoot Indians with pilot Ralph Brown WT Thomas at right The Inmiddot dian brought the whole tribal family to witness the flight Once off the water the chief let out a war whoop to let evmiddot eryone know he was quite pleased

The Brindley Street plant in Ithaca New York about 1915 where the Tmiddot2 and Dmiddot2 tractor planes were built

Thomas was due to be added to the company This gentleman had no relation to the founders of the comshypany but he was destined to change and influence the companys direcshytion substantially Mr B Douglas Thomas became the chief engineer and airplane designer He had an exshycellent aircraft background having previously worked as assistant airshycraft deSigner for Vickers Ltd and later Sopwith Aviation Through simshyilar circumstance he also worked for Glenn Curtiss where he assisted in designing the famous Curtiss Model J tractor and the famous Jenny He also took part with Lt Porte in designing the America the first multiple-engine flying boat built for the purpose of transatlantic flight

Upon being employed by the Thomas Bros Airplane Co B Dougshylas Thomas designed its first successshyful tractor biplane The model was deSignated T-2 and was similar to the Model J Curtiss except for the addi-

Morris Chain Co Ithaca New York a subsidiary of BorgmiddotWarner where WT Thomas eventually merged his interests Mr Morris owned controlmiddot ling interest with WT Thomas as vice president

VINTAGE AIRPLA NE 13

The board room group disshycussing aircraft business Left to right Harold Bliss BD Thomas GeorgeAbel Jerome Freed Mr Morris W T Thomas Raymond Ware BD Thomas was no relation to WT Thomas

Employees of the Thomas Brothers Aeroplane Co Ithaca New York Brindley Street plant

H might be Frank Burn-side standing beside the large trainer at the Thomas School of Aviation near Hhaca New York Note that the ailerons were emshyployed up top wing only Exshyhaust stacks rose from the top of the engine and were attached to pipe which wrapped around both sides of the fuselage WT Thomas flying school was the first Board of Regents Chartered Aviation School in New York State This plane was possishybly a Model 02

14 JUNE 2007

Side profile of an assemshybled Thomas Aero Motor The hand crank was preshy

ferred to swinging the prop on a geared ltwo-to-one)

engine Note the individual cylinder primers beside

spark plugs

tion of two nose skids and the 90-hp Austro-Daimler engine It had a top speed of 83 mph and could climb 3800 feet in 10 minutes carrying a lOOO-pound load The performance of this machine added to the prestige of the companys having hired a new deshySigner and resulted in an order from the British Adshymiralty for 24 Model T-2 airplanes its first sizable order

Wit h two pre v i 0 u s One of 15 Model SH-4 hydroplanes built by Thomas-Morse for the US Navy in about 1916 It moves from Hornell New York and Bath New York

was powered with a 149-hp Sturtevant engine

the brothers looked for a new locashy signed and built a 135-hp geared commissioned in the Royal Flying tion in which to expand Ithaca New engine with the help of designers Corps This brought a number of pishyYork at the southern end of Cayuga GeorgeAbel and Harold Bliss also two lots to the shores of Cayuga Lake as Lake was a natural choice with flat of the founders of this new division World War I gained intensity fields for takeoff and landing and a In 1915 two seaplanes designated The expansion and all of the activishy40-mile-long lake constituting an SH-4 and SH-5 were built for the ties had put considerable financial strain ideal seaplane or flying boat test area Navy and the D-5 tractor plane was on the Thomas companies A refinancshyThis coupled with the cold-weather developed for the Signal Corps Furshy ing was accomplished by merging the ability to fly from the ice resulted in ther development in 1916 resulted in airplane and engine division with the an ideal location production of the SH-4 seaplane and flying school then merging with the

Shortly after the move to Ithaca IS were built for the US Navy Morse Chain Co of Ithaca New York BD Thomas designed a new model With the prestige of not only an Thus the final name that is so wellshytheD-2 tractor biplane This was the airplane company but also a moshy known Thomas-Morse Aircraft Corp first use of the new Thomas entershy tor company and a flying school was born January 31 1917 in time to prise which was to build its own enshy The Thomas School of Aviation was build the famous World War I fighters gines This auxiliary company called picked by the Canadian government To be concluded in next months The Thomas Air Motor Co had de- for pilots who would train to become issue of Vintage Airplane

V I N T AGE AI RPLA NE 15

L0023Nnr 9l

bull SIAIWel uO~lnod all~

There seems to be two distinctly different types of people in the world of little airplanes those who love and adore the Aeronca Chief and those who wouldnt know an Aeronca Chief if they found it floating in their coffee Its not a question of liking it or disliking it because its one of those airplanes that has such a low recognition factor that a relatively

small percentage of the pilot popushylation even knows it exists In some ways thats a good thing because it has helped keep the prices down for those who want a Chief of their own One of those is Danny Poulton of Belshyton South Carolina

The Poultons Chief is not your avshyerage Chief Were all used to seeing the 11AC (65 hp) or the 11CC (85 hp)

-the postwar Super Chief-but theirs is an lIBe Were not sure it ever carshyried a name but maybe we should call it the Not-Quite-Super-Chief It came out of the factory in 1947 with a C8S-8 which meant no provisions for a starter Not a normal one anyway It had a McDowell starter which was a combination of ratcheted sprockets and a lever that worked very much like the pull starter on a lawn mower with the cable going back to a hanshydle in the cockpit By the time Danny bought the airplane as a project in Michigan the starter had long since disappeared In fact everything fireshywall-forward had disappeared But were getting ahead of ourselves

Danny had owned a number of airplanes in the past and in fact had learned to fly while he was still in high school

We had aviation on my moms side of the family he says My unshycle was an airframe and powerplant mechanic (AampP) and a fUll -time corshyporate pilot and he encouraged me

He progressed through a number of airplanes most of them some varishyation of the Piper PA-28 line includshying an Arrow although a 63 C-l72 did follow him home one day

I met Donna and aviation beshycame part of our life he says In fact we were married in a 421 Cessna at five thousand feet over Anderson South Carolina

Danny didnt get into vintage airshyplanes until four years ago with the Chief It was a form of therapy because he was on a crusade to lose weight

I had let myself balloon up to 460 pounds and if I was going to live I had to lose the weight I had two sons Dale and JD and a wonderful wife and I didnt want to lose all of that just beshycause I was overweight So I started looking for an airplane to rebuild as a way to keep myself busy We live on an airpark and we had a great guy Gene Richburg living just down the runshyway from us He was 82 years old at the time and knew everything there was to know about rebuilding airplanes and he volunteered to help me

So Danny launched on two projshyects at the same time both of them

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 17

Danny Poulton holds open the top cowl to reveal the Continental C-SS installation It appears Danny has decided not to trust his Chief mechanical fuel gauges which are known to be troublesome and is using an old standby the wire and cork float gauge so common prior to World War II

In keeping with the restrained nature of Dannys customized Chief a few nice touches such as the upholstered side panels and polished control wheel caps brighten up the otherwise original-looking cabin Look closely and you can see the toe brake pedals on the pilots side of the cockpit Those pedals are seen only on the UBC UCC and lSAC Sedan

The tubular structure of the landing gear is covered with an aluminum fairshying leading to a nicely finished pair of replica fiberglass wheelpants The small cable attached to the trailing edge of the landing gear is a safety cable It was originally installed in case of a failshyure of the originally installed phenolic piston within the oleo strut Later after an airworthiness directive (47-20-02) and Aeronca Service Helps and Hints No 12 required changing the phenoshylic part to one made of aluminum the need for the cable was negated but most owners keep it just in case

monumental The first was to lose weight and the second to find a projshyect that fit his goals and skill levels

I didnt look long and actually found the Chief on eBay It belonged to an AampP in Michigan who had started to rebuild it and then decided to put it up for sale I hadnt done anything like this before so I was reshyally not sure of what I was doing but I hooked up my trailer and headed up to Michigan to buy the Chief That was in July of 2003

What he saw when he got to Michshyigan was enough to encourage him so he loaded it up and brought it back to South Carolina As is always the case however he wouldnt really know what he had until he did a thorshyough inventory back home

The large dorsal fin on the llBC Chief (also used on the UCC) makes identifishycation of the higher-horsepower Chiefs a bit easier

18 JUNE 2007

When we unloaded at home Gene came over and we spread the entire collecshytion of stuff out to see what was missing and what kind of work was going to be needed In general the airshyframe was actually in great shape because the AampP

had already started workshying on it and had finished the major compon ents The wings were more or less complete and fini shed

and the work was beautiful About all th ey needed were the leading edges and to be covered

The fuselag e tubing had been cleaned and painted and most of the fuselage wood was usable too Part of the airplanes condition is probshyably because it had only 400 hours on it and had spent most of its life stored inside somewhere We dont have much of the airplane s history but you could see by looking at the wood and steel that it hadnt been left outside to rot like so many Chiefs have been

When we were done inventorying it we found a lot of missing or unusshyable stuff that I hadn t noticed when picking it up It had no tail wheel or wing struts and the doors were not only the wrong doors but were badly crushed There were no control yokes and all of the logos were missing Same thing for all of the interior upshyholstery boards Plus there was esshysentially nothing firewall-forward I

Its still easy for most of those who h ave restored airplanes to rememshyber what it was like in the days beshyfore computers The dozens of trips to fly-markets the phone calls and the constant surveillance of Trade-ashyPlane were not only aggravating but added a huge amount of time to finshyishing the project Danny came into the Vintage world PC post computer so he was able to take full advantage of cyber searching for parts

Besides buying the airplane on eBay that service proved to be a tershyrific source for some of the rarer parts I needed Among other things thats

Whats in a Model Number By HG Frautschy

The differences between the llBC Chief and the llCC Super Chief are tough to spot but in todays sport pilot market one distinction can spell the

difference between flying one and just owning one

Both airplanes are powered by the Continental C85-8 and both came equipped with the rather clever McDowell starter The McDowell was vilified by

some as being a cheap substitute for an electrical starter but having had one

for years on my Super Chief Id have to say it s one of the neatest inventions

added to the postwar lightplane If treated with respect and used in the way the manufacturer intended it worked perfectly It did have one design weakness

that could have been easily solved but it didnt last long enough on the market to make it that far

The McDowell was activated using a cable with a ball swaged on the end

Because of the way the ball and cable were retained in the starters pulley

sheave the cable would fray and then break just below the ball or an overly

enthusiastic pull on the starter cable would pull the ball right off the end If Mcshy

Dowell had used a small fitting inside the sheeve to allow for a straight pull on

the cable (and if the cable had a ball and shank swaged fitting) Im convinced the McDowell would have been much more popular

It allowed for a lightweight starter to be installed on an airplane intended to be flown by casual travelers who were interested in ease of use and safety

It allowed my wife and her instructor both petite women to independently fly

the airplane without requiring a flip of the prop by someone else As long as

the engine was in good tune and one could reasonably expect the airplane to start when the impulse magneto fired the McDowell was a great way to pul l

the prop through safely

The 11BC and 11CC interiors were similar with a slight edge going to the

llCC for a few interior appointments added to enhance the automobile-like

feel to the cockpit Hap Granier the designer of the interior of all three postwar Aeroncas worked his magic on the Chiefs to give them a small sedan or coupe

feeling Bedford whipcord upholstery and side panels the zebrawood pattern wood-gra in-printed instrument panel and control wheels instead of control

sticks all contributed to that atmosphere

Both the 11CC and 11BC featured a large dorsal fin but the 11CC had a

different elevator stabilizer configuration That fact is sometimes lost on reshy

storers and aircraft modifiers who incorrectly (and illegally) put the earlier

11AC or llBC stab elevator combination on an llCC The 11CC has an aeroshy

dynamically balanced elevator designed to meet the hands-off gliding speed requirements of the then-new CAR 03 regulations Aeronca also had the llCC

certified in the Utility category as well as the Normal category with maximum gross weights of 1 290 and 1 350 pounds respectively That right there is a major difference in the airplanes as they are viewed in the market today The 11BC with a maximum gross weight of 1250 pounds is sport pilot eligible

while the llCC by virtue of its 1350 weight is not Interestingly a few llCC additions made it into the llBC as well Both

Chiefs as well as the four-place Aeronca Sedan shared the same rudder brake pedals with toe brakes instead of the heel brakes seen on the Champ Both feature flight characteristics similar to the Champ with the Chiefs having

the edge when it comes to cross-country flights With a 70-pound baggage alshylowance and up to 23 gallons of fuel on board the Chief is a great traveling machine if you re not in a hurry But when you re flying something as pretty as

a Chief whos in a big hurry

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 1 9

BONNIE KRATZ

He Danny Poultons Aeronca Chief features a custom color scheme that is reminiscent of the original decoration composed by Hap Granier for Aeroncas4012E side-by-side personal airplane

where I~gOt~t~h~e~iiiiiiiiiiibullbullbullbull con- trol yoke covers with the Aeronca logos the ashshytrays the bezels and the air box for the cabin heat I even found the pishytot tube and hand brake on eBay If I would have had to physically search for all of that stuff Id probably still be looking

Wag-Aero came to the rescue in supplying the struts and wing leadshying edges

III was able to use most of the origishynal boot cowl but the original noseshybowl was really bad and was cut for the McDowell starter so I used an STCd fiberglass replacement If I find a good original I may change that

11Th is airplane came out of the facshytory with toe brakes which were with the airplane and I stayed with the mechanical brakes and just installed new pads You dont really need

20 JUNE 2007

brakes on the airshyplane for anything so they work just fine

Danny was planning on flying the airplane a lot and added a venturi so he could run an artificial horizon and added air vent holes

When we were doing the inteshyrior there was no kit available for the headliner so a neighbor Phyllis Dalshyton sewed one up using the original material found on Chiefs That was really tedious Then I made the side panels and covered them with Airtex fabric and had to fabricate a new bagshygage door and make the boards for the seats

The panel had already been cleaned so the wood grain was gone but I decided not to try to put it on I did however make two metal glove

compartments for it The sliding windows were

original to the airplane but the polished prop isnt I just thought it looked betshyter polished

When the airframe was done and ready to be covered Danny went with Poly-Fiber and shot it with Aeroshythane but not in the original colshyors or scheme

IIAirtex had some sample seat covers for the airplane that were inexpensive so I bought them and had the paint mixed to go with the seat covers Also the paint stripes arent original They

mimic the factory scheme but arent exact I should also mention that I had some help with the fabric from Larry and Phyllis Dalton who helped cover the airplane This was my first time and they made it easy

Since Danny had no engine he was starting from scratch in that area The original was a C8S-8 but with his papaerwork he found a Supplemental Type Certificate (STC) that opened interesting new avenues

There was part of an STC in our paperwork that would let me install a -12 engine and that would allow me to have an electric starter which I reshyally wanted The problem was that the STC wasnt complete Plus the -8 mount is

than the shy12 so its not

a plug-andshyplay

change and I

expected some problems

getting the papershywork straightened out

I called the Atshylanta Flight Stanshydards District Office and really

lucked out The Coshylumbia Federal Aviashy

tion Agency (FAA) field examiner came out looked the airplane over and said hed be happy to clean up the paperwork and submit it to Atlanta for me What I thought was going to be a problem turned out to be quite easy

Unfortunately Danny found out that things dont always go easy when restoring an airplane and his headaches came in the form of his first engine

I had two sons

Dale and lD

and a wonderful

wife and 1 didnt

want to lose all of

that just because

1 was overweight

So 1 started

looking for an

airplane to rebuild

as a way to keep

myself busy

I bought a C8S-12 that had been overhauled I had flown it for about 22 hours when one cylinder lost a lot of compression so we pulled the jug When we got inside we found that the rod was just banging around in there and was loose on the crank When we split the case we found the crank was badly scored and a lot of metal had gone through the engine so I had to find another one

The second engine was freshly overhauled by an FAA-certified shop

in 2000 after a prop strike The guy I bought it from was building a homebuilt and

was afraid that the engine was going to sit too long before his

project was completed so he sold it Everything checked out to be perfect and it has been humming along with no problems since day one

We flew the airplane for the first time July I 2006 and I had a local pilot Gary Dalton do the test hop I dont mind telling you that I was nershyvous watching it When I flew it for the first time I had only 10 hours of tailshywheel time Id logged while getting my tail wheel endorsement I was a little nervous then too but everything went beautifully When we flew it it was alshymost exactly three years to the day that we unloaded it from the trailer

When I started I guess I became a little compulsive about working on it Id eat in the hangar work until 10 or 11 every night and sometimes Id wake up in the middle of the night and go out and work on it When Id get home from church on Sunday Id change clothes and go out and get something done Im glad I did it that way because it really helped me with the other problem

In the process of restoring his Chief Danny met several goals The first was finishing and flying his own Chief but the second and more imshyportant was taking control of his life From the time he started the Chief to the time he flew it he lost 230 pounds and added no telling how many years to his life Most people have difficulty committing to just finishing an airshyplane so Danny is to be congratushylated for two jobs well done ~

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 21

~The Bmiddot thof

Creating a classic design BY CHESTER L PEEK PHD

Could you in three months time design and build a new light plane without tools or factory and with very little money Impossible you say But that is just what eG Tayshylor did in the spring of 1936 when he introduced the legendary Taylorshycraft to the aviation world Heres the story

In the last week of December 1935 eG Taylor was confined to his bed ill and completely discourshy

aged Days before he and Bill Piper Hangar at Butler Pennsylvania 1936 Still in use today had signed a legal document that dissolved their troubled partnership For Taylors share of the Taylor Cub company (which was in debt more than $90000) he received approximately $5000 to be paid out in small installments over three years

Byron Shinn knew Taylor well both as a customer and friend In a 1991 letter he describes Taylors situashytion and subsequent events

Back in the 1930s we had a small manufacturing comshypany located in one of the hangars on the Butler Pennsylvashynia airport called The Shinn Devices Company We made aluminum wheels for aircraft 4 bead diameter 700X4 tire and at that time sold them to most of the light aircraft manshyufacturers including the Taylor and Piper organization in Bradford Pennsylvania We had a quite complete machine shop and engineering design business I remember how Taylorcraft got started One very cold winter day probably in December 1935 I drove up to see Taylor in Bradford The roads were terrible ice coated and I almost had several acshycidents When I got there I found Taylor sick in bed and in a very discouraged frame of mind He had just been kicked out of his company by Piper and had little or no money or employment I told him with his abilities as an aircraft deshysigner and builder that he should certainly try to get back in the business and offered to help if I could

I went back to Butler and contacted D Bar Peat who was a promoter a very nice fellow who was running the Butler

Ken SchoHer about 1980 airport I asked if he could raise some money to start Tayshy22 JUNE 2007

TAYLORCRAFT BY C 6 TAYLOR PlmBUR6H-BUTLER AIRPORT BunER PA

STABLE FAST A NEW LIGHT PLANE ECONOMICAL LOWPRICED

First Taylorcraft ad February 1936 Aero Digest

First Taylorcraft specifications Photo is of a model

during the

Depression

you NEVER

left a job

Yet these men

deeply loyal

to Taylor

came with him

to this chancy

new venture Byron Shinn about 1936

TAYLORCRAFT Model A

ATe pendingB_ Span 36 (11 m) Length 22 (67 m) Heicht 6 8 (21 m) Wm area 169 fLgt (156 ml) Power Ioodiaa 2IS IbsJhp (118 kcJho) WioJ Ioadma 58 1bbullJIt (293 kcl) Weicht empty 570 Ibs (259 kg) U falload 420 Ibs (190 kc) Payload 181 lbo (82 kcl Gr weiht m lbo (449kcr Bant I Ibs (5 kg) Fuel 10 gals

~L~~L11t1iLk hp

~~~gtam~~hm~~49 kph) l~ mph (51h ) Semlte laquoiliaC 101000 ft (4260 m) imb per min 400 It (122 tn) Cruig rang 210 mi (371 1aD) ~ F welded eel tubg four JODIeIODS of proareqjve diameters wood faired and fabric conrcd removable maine mouat j streued fot SO hp installamiddot tion Wg two paDdJ bolted to fuselafefabric _ ~ oectioo With eJlipticalJy rOUDded tips JOlid apruce JPlrs

Zplace ATC

metal ribs fabricated from drawn NicraJ secshytions sinclc drag wire bracinc built-up metal frame ailerons fabric COYered and of the balanced type with DO exposed horns

=r~~brTc ~~ai~~~wd~ removable fin elentor and stabiliurs inshyterlthanaeable right or IefL Landing rear =evbsor~ closed~~~es color ocJlulosc finish with trim Two-place flex-wine seat 39 inches ide--by-lide cabin fabric lined and fire-wall sound proofed all control cables and fittinp in the cabin are fully enclosed Baggag compartment 6- X 9- X w- back of seaL

~~6oo-~~bS~ wbeds DuPont Pluticell 1rindJhield rulr her mounted illltrument pampDe1 ~ Aeromarinc altimeter U S 011

~~itfra~~ pass or other instnunmts extra

Carlson and Harold White who were engineers Ken Tibbits and Les Salshychow Parks College graduates along with mechanics Colby Carpenter and William Crawford All these men had good secure jobs with Piper and durshying the Depression you NEVER left a job Yet these men deeply loyal to Taylor came with him to this chancy new venture All would eventually rise to responsible executive posishytions with Taylorcraft

Ken Scholter a local mechanic was hired as a welder Contemposhyrary reports credit him with most of the welding on the new plane Forshytunately he was also an amateur photographer and documented the building process on film He furshynished most of the photos shown in this article

Shinn resumes I When Taylor came to Butler he had very little money we all had very little money at that time I believe he got a small settlement from Piper for his share of the Cub company This was in the depths of the Depresshysion We doled the money out a few dolshylars at a time and started to build the first plane We used our machine shop to make the draw bench to make the rib parts and to make most of the parts jigs and dies that required machining

An engineering department was set up I hired a draftsman when Ray Carlshyson moved down from Bradford Tayshylor and the mechanics would make the parts and then the draftsman would

lor up again in the airplane business He along with Col make the drawings We designed a new wheel for the plane Breckenridge and some others did raise a little money about lightweight and very strong being constructed of an alumishy$1000 as I recall enough to include the building of the jigs num stamping fastened to a cast aluminum end rim Tayshyand fixtures and the first plane We moved Taylor and his lor and I also developed the new tapered axle which was family to Butler rented him a house and started work in a lighter and less costly A new Goodrich tire size 600 x 6 vacant hangar on the Butler airport SeveraL of Taylors men was used from Bradford came with him II The plane was designed and built during the first four

Actually six key Bradford employees left Piper and to five months of 1936 This must have been some sort of joined Taylor in the new enterprise They were Ray record When the plane was finished the test pilot Tibbits

VINTA GE A IR PLANE 23

One day we came to work

to find trucks backed up

to the hangar and Taylor

hauling away all the

Taylorcraft parts Batch of Shinn 800 x 4 wheelsjigs and fixtures

started the test flights First he taxied the plane up and down the runway then flew it the length of the runway just off the ground then made flights a bit higher and finally made circuits The plane flew very well but would not stall The CAA required proper recovery from a stall so Taylor worked on the horizontal tail surfaces so that a stall could be induced and the plane passed the CAA tests

Taylor was a design genius The CAA had just released a new-design wing curve and Taylor was the first I

ffi believe to use it The wing curve was ~ ~ faster and had a soft stall ~ This was the NACA 23012 airfoil z ~ Taylor once told the author that in

Fuselage structure 1935 he built a set of wings for the Cub using that airfoil but Piper veshytoed the change They were hanging on a wall when the Bradford factory burned in 1937

Shinn says I started an advertising campaign beginning with a very small ad in Aero Digest saying IISomething new is coming in Aviation The next ads told a little more People were very enthusiastic about the new plane It was much advanced over the Cub beshying faster with side-by-side seating and wheel controls Before long we had reshyceived down payments from over 50 customers $200 each as I recall This

ffi was due to correspondence with old ~ ~ Taylor Cub dealers and the Aero Dishy~ z gest ad In a 1992 interview Bob UJ

Taylor eGs son confirmed thisWing details He remembered his father waking

24 JUNE 2007

First A-40 run-up May 1936

him up one night in Butler and showing him $10000 in down payments

The first ad appeared in the February issue of Aero Digest and is shown on this page A later ad showed a photo of the plane but since no plane had been comshypleted at that time it was actually a snapshot of a model CG Taylor built on his kitchen table First the new trademark Taylorcraft was used but when Beechcraft threatened legal action claiming Taylorcraft sounded too much like Beechcraft the ads were changed to read Airplanes by GG Taylor However they resumed us-

CG Taylor and a Model ATaylorcraft 1936

ing the Taylorcraft name after sevshyeral months

Shinn continues D Bar Peat was always trying to promote the plane On Sundays they would put on an air show at the Butler airport and 200 to 300 people would atshytend Som e way he got the Taylorshycraft to lead the way when all the planes taxied by the grandstand at the Cleveland Air Races

Meanwhile in the hangar facshytory the prototype plane was beshying rushed to completion but not fast enough to suit Taylor He

once told the author I was away ~ from the plant for three days havshyo ~ ing given instructions to complete sect the engine mount When I returned

it was not done I hung the engine in the right place with a chain hoist we

cut the tubing to (it and it was done in an hour On May 1 the Continental A-40 engine SIN 635

was run up for the first time then on May 8 Taylor signed an application for an experimental certificate Only eight days later on Saturday May 16 CAA inshyspector RA Young witnessed the test flight and issued certificate X-16393 to the first Taylorcraft SIN 25 Apshyproximately three months had elapsed from the time construction was started until the new plane was airshyborne A remarkable achievement

It was a beautiful plane sleek and streamlined a far VINTAGE AIRPLANE 25

Test flight of the first Taylorcraft May 1936

1 rryen~~A1~~~ )~ ~- shyITS A - -=- (=- = --- I FAF

BEAUTY 51495middot00-----shy~GRACEFULLY CONTINENTAL

STREAMLINED - - _ MOTOR

C G TAYL O R bull PlttsburqhmiddotBuUer Airport bull Bu tler Penna

April 1936 ad in Aero Digest

cry from Taylors boxy square-cornered E-2 Cub With side-by-side seating and wheel controls it rivaled much larger more expensive planes such as the Waco and Stinson Weight had been kept to a minimum the proshytotype weighed only 570 pounds It was much faster than the Cub The first prospective customers who flew the plane verified the advertised cruising speed of 80 mph In a race with two locals an Aeronca C-3 and a Kinner Fleet the Taylorcraft won easily

The investors at Butler were elated With nearly 100 orders and down payments received for their new plane they envisioned a rapid production buildup and the prospects of a thriving profitable enterprise Their faith however had been misplaced

Shinn continues But unknown to D Bar Peat and me Taylor had been talking to others about financing and a place to manufacture the plane One day we came to work to find trucks backed up to the hangar and Taylor haulshying away all the Taylorcraft parts jigs and fixtures They moved to Alliance Ohio where they got one years free rent on a large old airplane factory financing and tax breaks D Bar Peat and I retained a lawyer to try to get back our inshyvestment eventually getting back some shares ofTaylorcraft 26 JUNE 2007

stock instead of money And Piper quit buying my wheels and switched to Hayes

Happily Taylor and Shinn soon put their legal difshyferences behind them and remained good friends and business associates for many years

Shinn was not alone in his disappointment when the unexpected move came Scholter was out of a job In 1992 he made this comment They left Butler owing me almost a months pay which I never got But they did give me a very nice letter of recommendation

The Alliance Review newspaper proudly announced the arrival of the new aircraft enterprise in its July 9 1936 edition But that is a story for another day

Authors note When researching my book The Taylorcraft Story in

1992 I was privileged to personally interview four prishymary information sources regarding the Butler Pennshysylvania events eG Taylor Bob Taylor Ken Scholter and Byron Shinn The history above was taken from those interviews and contemporary newspaper articles

_ 55 ~a-~~~ition

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LIN COL N MERCURY

EXTRA The Butler Manufacturing Co NL-I3 biplane

The March 2007 Mystery Plane is the 1932 Butler Manufacturing Co NL-13 biplane designed by Albin Kasper Longren (sometimes simply reshyferred to as the Longren NL-13)

AK Longren had a very long and interesting aviation career Born in a log cabin near Clay Center Kansas in 1882 he was the one of 14 children born to Swedish immigrant homeshystead farmers Charles and Emma Lonshygren In 1901 he took a business course from the International Corresponshydence School (ICS) which he followed up with an ICS diploma in mechanical engineering from 1907-1911

Longrens interest in aviation beshygan with his observations of Henry L Call in 1908 Call originally a New York lawyer author and socialist had moved to Girard Kansas in February of 1908 in order to construct a large and ungainly flying machine powered by two 20-hp Curtiss B-4 engines Known as the Mayfly and The Chicken (among other colorful names) the airshycraft failed to fly despite modification Call enjoyed the support of the nashytional socialist newspaper An Appeal to Reason and constructed several aircraft under the aegis of The Aerial Navigashytion Company of America starting in 1908 before the company changed its name

Beginning in 1911 Call manushyfactured two-cylinder and fourshycylinder horizontally opposed air-cooled engines which h e marshyketed to would-be aviators through

28 JUNE 2007

BY WESLEY SMITH

advertisements (primarily in Aircraft and Fly magazines published by Alshyfred W Lawson of 1920 Lawson Airshyliner fame) The two-cylinder Call was rated at 45 hp and the four-cylshyinder engine was rated at 90 hp Call engines were among the first aircraft engine to be fitted with mufflers an individual muffler being attached to the exhaust port of each cylinder

With his brother EJ Longren and a mechanic named William Janeke Longren constructed a Curtiss-type pusher biplane in Topeka Kansas Beshygun in the summer of 1910 the Toshypeka I was not completed until the fall of 1911 Fitted with a 60-hp Hall-Scott A-2 a water-cooled V-8 the Topeka I became the first successful aircraft to be completed in the state of Kansas Longren made his first flight on Sepshytember 2 and on September 5 1911 he made two flights the first flight reaching about 225 feet in altitude and covering 15 miles and the secshyond reaching about 300 feet and covshyering six miles

Of course Longren was only one of numerous individuals who built Curtiss-type pushers Plans for early Herring-Curtiss machines were pubshylished in Aeronautics and other aviashytion periodicals as well as in books With some individual alterations many such aircraft were built in the United States prior to Americas entry into World War 1

At any rate Longren soon went into the exhibition business with

H Young renaming the Topeka I as the Dixie Flyer The words Dixie Flyer - AK Longren - Aviator were painted on the underside of the Topeka IDishyxie Flyers monoplane canard Between 1911 and 1914 Longren gave 1372 exhibition flights in Kansas Texas Oklahoma Nebraska and Colorado for the Young Aviation Co

In 1912 Longren built a second Curshytiss-type with a Hall-Scott A-2 This airshycraft incorporated the improvements Curtiss had made to his newer aircraft during 1911-1912 and in due course the mid-gap ailerons were moved to the trailing edges of the upper wing This aircraft was sold to Longrens forshymer student and friend Phil Billard who used it to give exhibition flights This aircraft sometimes known as the Topeka II was presented to the Kansas State Historical Society in 1938 where it still exists as a display

In the spring of 1914 Longren took time to marry Ms Dolly Trent Later that winter (1914-1915) Longren built his first entirely original aircraft design - a two-place tractor biplane again seshylecting the reliable Hall-Scott as the powerplant During an exhibition at the Dickson County Fair at Abilene on September 9 1915 the aircraft stalled on takeoff and was destroyed hitting an automobile that was leaving the fairshygrounds Longrens passenger was relashytively unscathed but Longren suffered a broken leg and several internal injuries

While recovering from his injushyries in early 1916 Longren with Phil

Billard began the construction of his fourth aircraft the Model G The Model G was a clean two-place tractor biplane with a strong resemblance to a Curtiss IN-4 In fact it was powered by a Curtiss OX-2 and was intended for sale to the warring European powers However only two were sold one to the Kansas National Guard the other being used for exhibition flights

Late in the year Longren built a small tractor biplane sometimes reshyferred to as the Longren Bus The conshystruction featured a three-ply wooden monocoque fuselage and was built for William Burt of Okmulgee Oklahoma A second machine was constructed for Lester Miller of Dallas Texas who inshytended to use the aircraft for aerobatic exhibitions By late 1917 Longren had moved on to another two-place design known as the Model H As in the case of the earlier Longren Bus the Model H used a wooden monocoque fuselage The Model H was powered by a Curshytiss 90-hp OX-5 engine unfortunately while on his way to Kansas City Misshysouri Longren suffered an engine failshyure near Wakarusa Kansas The aircraft was destroyed in a crash which proved fatal to a cow standing in the field in which Longren was forced down He was made to pay $10000 in restitution to the angry farmer After that interest in the Model H faded away

Late in 1917 Longren became involved with Frederick W Buck MD ME and applied for a posishytion as chief engineer with the Buck Aircraft and Munitions Co of Denshyver To what extent Longren became involved with Dr Buck is unknown Buck (a long with Elmer Sperry and later Charles F Kettering at DaytonshyWright) had plans to develop and sell an aerial torpedo - essentially a small 50-hp biplane cruise misshysile which was intended to fly on a preprogrammed course then shed its wings at the proper time and place depositing a bomb contained within the crude fuselage framework

Longrens career took another path after his debacle with the Model H After failing to establish a new airshycraft company in Overland Park Kansas Longren eventually took a

position at McCook Field as an airshycraft inspector The Great War had cost Longrens friend Phil Billard his life when he was killed in a flying accident while serving in Issoudun France Longrens position at McshyCook had allowed him the opportushynity to examine every domestic and foreign-built aircraft tested there unshytil the time of his departure in 1919 On June 17 1919 Longren formed the Longren Aircraft Corp in Topeka Kansas using a former woolen mill in the Oakland suburb as the site for the new corporation The first aircraft to come out of the plant was the rebuilt Model H now resurrected as the H-2 It is unclear as to how the H-2 differed from the earlier Model H but by midshy1920 Longren had gone in yet another direction with the construction of the two-place Model D-2 - a small aircraft powered by a three-cylinder Y conshyfiguration Lawrence Model B engine of 35-60 hp Within a year the D-2 had evolved to become the Longren Model AK Sport

Described in the pages of Aviashy

tion and Aerial Age Weekly (Volume 11 Number 12 Sept 291921 pages 336-337 and Volume 14 Numshyber 3 Sept 26 1921 pages 55-56 respectively) the two-place Longren Sport or Fibre Sport was a sensational design that incorporated the three-ply laminated wooden monocoque fuseshylage of the 1916 Longren Bus and the 1917 Model H and a set of folding biplane wings to facilitate storage It is unclear as to how the fuselage of the Sport may have differed from earshylier Longren monocoque construcshytion techniques if at all

However a 1925 Longren patent describes the use of diamond-shaped wood fibre shell (procured from the National Fibre Co) being covered with an additional two layers of wood laminations on either side The fushyselage was made in upper and lower halves using steam-pipe-heated conshycrete male and female molds clamped together using 6000 pounds of presshysure The sections were then trimmed and dried with special provision for humidity control before being joined

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 29

to a framework of grooved ash longeshyrons and formers The fuselage formshyers were made of three-ply materials engine-bearing formers were made of a seven-ply material The formers were in turn attached to the fuseshylage shells with screws Finally the fushyselage was varnished inside and out with Valspar varnish the exterior reshyceiving a coat of pigmented varnish before a final clear coat

Sold with both Lawrence Model Lshy2 three-cylinder Y-style and Anzani sixshycylinder radial engines the Longren Fibre Sport was flown in several notashyble Midwestern aviation events during the early 1920s During the American Legion Air Meet at Kansas City (Octoshyber 31 - November 3 1921) the Sport made 38 consecutive loops while being flown by ND Trinler Two Sports were also flown during a special efficiency race held at Omaha Nebraska on Noshyvember 11 An AK Sport again flown by Trinler placed second with a speed of 7791 mph when flown over a 153shymile triangular course Later that Noshyvember two AK Sports were placed at the disposal of the Kansas City Star to deliver newspapers from Kansas City to Lawrence Kansas in record time During a game between the Missouri Tigers and the Kansasjayhawks a teleshygraph wired a play-by-play account of the football game to the Stars office The newspapers were then promptly set printed and delivered via aircraft to the Lawrence street vendors beshyfore departing fans were even able to reach their homes

After establishing a climb record for Longren aircraft in 1922 the Longren Sport attracted the attention of customshyers from as far away as China and the Soviet Union In 1923 the US Navy became interested and on February 19 1924 Lt jB Kneip flew the accepshytance tests for the first of three Lonshygren AK Sports that were sold to the Navy (serial numbered A6745 through A6747) The first machine was shipped to Washington DC for testing at the Anacostia Naval Air Station while the other two were delivered to Pensacola However documentation of their subshysequent testing and use by the Navy remains elusive

30 JUNE 2007

Photos of Longren Sports and the later NL-13 show the distinctive Lonshygren company logo painted on the side of the fuselage and perhaps a few words need to be said about it This consisted of four capital ilLs joined at the top of each letter This formed a crux gammata or swastika although the direction the letters pointed was counter-clockshywise as opposed the symbols use on aircraft flown by Nazi Germany in which the bottom of the ilLs point in a clockwise direction Prior to its adoption by the Nazi Party this ancient symbol was seen as far afield at the Southwestshyern United States where it was a sacred symbol of Native Americans and in Inshydia and in Runic Europe During The Great War the Indian head emblem of Seaplane Pilots Association (SPA) 124 included a crux gammata as part of the headdress worn by the Native Amerishycan chief tan In its time and place it was considered as a symbol of good forshytune and was in no way considered to be an insult In fact after World War I Finland adopted a grayish-blue crux

gammata inscribed within a white circle as the national insignia for its aircraft In Longrens case the ilL was inscribed with a second ilL and the rest of the letters in Longrens surname In addishytion to that a circular logo and was placed at the center of the emblem to which a set of wings and a propeller reached out to a point near the tips of the ilLs So as it turns out the Lonshygren swastika was covered by what might roughly be considered a crux

immissa or crucifix Longren had no connections to fascist idealism The company logo which originated in the Midwest in the early 20s was simply a clever play on the primary letter in Longrens surname

No matter how good an aircraft the Longren Sport was the company could not survive on such limited orders and the last aircraft was sold in May of 1924 The remaining company assets patents and facilities were sold at an auction in March 1926 The Longren Sport was resurrected briefly in 1928 when the American Eagle Aircraft Corporation of Kansas City Missouri built a solitary aircraft as the Model A-429 However the aircraft was much different than the

original Longren Sport and the design was not pursued further Following the collapse of his company Longren was hired by Willis Brown to become viceshypresident of production at the Spartan Aircraft Co in Tulsa When Brown left in 1929 Longren also moved on to beshycome a design consultant at the Butshyler Manufacturing Co at Kansas City Butler had planned to manufacture the Butler Blackhawk biplane However the company was unable to do this and all manufacturing was halted in 1931 At this pOint Longren made a deal to build a new airplane -- the NL-13

Registered as X12538 and sporting the distinctive Longren fuselage logo the NL-13 (NL possibly standing for New Longren) fuselage was built usshying a new machine-forming method for heat-treated duralumin sheets The upper and lower fuselage halves of the 1932 NL-13 biplane were joined to T-shaped longerons and riveted toshygether Fuselage formers also made of liT cross-section were riveted to the halves creating a very strong duralushymin semi-monocoque fuselage Like the earlier Longren AK the NL-13 had twin side-by-side seating The powerplant of the aircraft was a Martin 333 of 120 hp With the exception of the wing spars the NL-13 was of all-metal construction the wings being fabric covered

The aircraft was first tested by George Gay in August of 1932 At that time Gay worked for the aeronautics branch of the Civil Aeronautics Administrashytion (CAA) The aircraft was found to be slightly tail-heavy This was cured by a slight stabilizer adjustment The engine also suffered from a slight overshyheating problem This was corrected by enlarging the cooling louvers and subshystituting the original propeller with anshyother type

The NL-13 had a span of 28 feet and a length of 22 feet Apparently the goal of the NL-13 was to obtain a military contract After further testing at Roosshyevelt Field Long Island New York the fuselage of the NL-13 was sold to the United States Army Air Corps and underwent stress evaluation at Wright Field Dayton OhiO in june 1933 After slight modification to some of the stiff-

continued on page 37

Flying to me is all about having fun Its grass strips and old

friends and old airplanes The folks at AUA understand my kind

of flying and my kind of airplanes They provide great service

at very good rates and they know me as an individual not just

a policy number

- Darrell Jenkins

Dan-ell Jenkins Heber Springs AR

bull Private pilot single-engine land and sea

bull 500 hours total shy300 in taildraggers

bull Current aircraft 1948 Ercoupe 415-E

AUA is Vintage Aircraft Association approved To become a member of VAA call 800middot843middot3612

AUAs Exclusive fAA Vintage AircraftJUsociation Insurance Program

Lower liability and hull premiums - Medical payments induded - Fleet discounts for multiple aircraft carrying all risk coverages

continued from page 3

EAA Seeks to Preserve Access to Repair Station Services

EAA cautions that proposed aircraft repair station certification regulations could harm many small general aviashytion shops and adversely affect airshycraft owners seeking to maintain the airworthiness of their aircraft

The FAA estimates the cost for deshyveloping and implementing a new quality system called for by the proshyposed regulations at $34500 per reshypair station Many small operations cannot afford such an expense and it could force some to close their doors

We fear that these requirements would ultimately result in diminshyished availability of qualified and experienced maintenance expertise especially for the vintage fleet said Earl Lawrence EAA vice president of industry and regulatory affairs Airshycraft owners could be forced to use maintenance facilities with less speshycialized experience on their aircraft type making it more difficult to comshyplete major repairs and changes to small aircraft potentially impacting safety as well

EAA also questions the feasibility of requiring repair stations to mainshytain an approved capability list for each make series and model of airshycraft its permitted to work on Many small operators often inspect and maintain virtually hundreds of airshycraft types creating an administrashytive nightmare

EAA is willing to discuss how the FAA could best address its quality concerns while ensuring the ownshyers of small aircraft continue to have ready access to repair station services One suggestion EAA proposed is to exempt or lessen requirements for smaller shops with fewer than a given number of employees

EAAs full comments can be found at wwwEAAorgcommunications eaanewsRepa ir_Station_NPRM_Draftpdf The notice of proposed rulemaking is at httpDMSESDOTgovdocimages pdf99431749_webpdf 32 JUNE 2007

Young Eagle 13 Million Hails From New Mexico

Arlene Martinez in the right seat with volunteer Young Eagles pilot Paul Rachels

The EAA Young Eagles program the worlds most successful youth aviation initiative ever has registered the 13-millionth Young Eagle flown She is Arlene Martinez age 12 of Yuma Arizona who took her flight on March 17 at Somerton Airport (54AZ) in a Cessna 170 piloted by Paul Rachels EAA 633950 Rachels is president and Young Eagles coordinator for Yuma EAA Chapter 590

Arlene was very enthusiastic said Rachels who has flown 123 Young Eagles She definitely enjoyed the flight and would like to do it again He always gets a kick out of how kids react to their special flights Its as incredible an experience

for me as it is for them and I have 700 hours of flight time Steve Buss EAA Young Eagles executive director called it another important

milestone for the program which this year marks its 15th anniversary year-the birthday will be marked at AirVenture this year Its wonderful to recognize Paul and Arlenes flight but we also applaud the outstanding continuing support and enthusiasm for Young Eagles by our members We extend our congratulations to all who have helped the program reach this unprecedented level of participation

Nominations Due June 15 for EAA Young Eagles Awards Each year EAA honors several special volunteers at EAA AirVenture with the

annual Young Eagles awards and theres still time to nominate a deserving pershyson for 2007

Nominations for the following awards are being accepted through June 15

bull Chapter Coordinator bull Field Representative bull Ground Support Volunteer bull Young Eagles Humanitarian (presented for efforts to reach special needs

Young Eagles) bull Young Eagles Horizon Award (recognizing efforts to go beyond the basic

Young Eagles flight) Awards will be presented at a special ceremony held at EAA AirVenture Museshy

ums Eagle Hangar on Wednesday July 25 To download the official nomination form visit wwwYoungEaglesorgvolunteersaward_nominationpdf

BY BUCK HILBERT

The very beginning of airworthiness certificates pilot certificates

For many years Ive talked and writshy barnstormers and promote some ten about the beginnings of the Aero order and safety to their flying It had Club of America (ACA) now known one other side effect No record atshyas the National Aeronautic Associashy tempt or air show (or air meet as they tion (NAA) Ive explained how this were called back then) could be staged pioneer era appointed Orville Wright without the approval of the Aero as the chairman of the Contest amp Reshy Club which was affiliated with the cords Board and how a pilot registrashy international governing body the Feshytion program came into being deration Aeronautique Internationale

The World War I pilots returning (FAI) The contestant was required to home were barnstorming and othershy be a member of the Aero Club which wise doing their best to make a living then issued a certification to the pishyin aviation That led to attempts to lot Hence the FAlSporting License register and somehow civilize these old-timers would show was signed by

Certifying Aircraft and Pilots

AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATE IauecI to VIlICElll ASTOR Arw 23 W 26th Sl BYCit shy

m~ts CnltiUs that the Aircraft described below has been Inspected and found AiruIo~ for daylight llyin on AJIlI 0VEIl WUER OKLY

For the Fl)1nA Season of 1922 ~- ~-=l1=~== Cmlampato NJiI~_ _ -- UND ElV1UTEIS~OIlIS Iae

o o-_pmiIyenr3~J__I922 III _ - ~ t

_ _ Mri N=A1fefJ~mATE WAmR AmClWr _ _______ 1 - PQRIlrASRDWTCJN l T bull Y

N_- 01 AlOft to 5 M- 1-1 AJkwL c 9on MuwLOEBDIG AERO ElIGR C~IIoTNo 23-t SodoIH9~iF--__ 0- 30 pr 3 I~ _ 42 PT 6 U __ n 8 Pr _ 2700 4100 II UMIwI 1400 shy_ 130 M _Cd 20000 hlln_H_ 2S_ _ T LIBRRrY I I OBE __ US 32230 __ Do 5 000 - JfAJlJODS JULY 7 1922

Orville Wright It was a requirement of the federal government No federal requirement for a pilots certificate would come into being until the Air Commerce Act gave that authority and responsibility to the Department of Commerce on May 20 1926

In all of the information Ive read on the early days of the ACA later the NAA there was never any menshytion of aircraft standards or airworshythiness certificates I never quesshytioned it and as a matter of fact I never gave it a thought

Then along comes friend and Vinshytage member Mitch Wohl from Barrington Illinois and he drops two books on my desk The first one I picked up was titled A Symbol of Safety This book was first published in 1923 and tells all about the foundshying of the Underwriters Laboratories (UL) Reprinted in 1995 it goes into great detail as to the history of UL I found it very interesting

The second book published on the 100th anniversary of Underwritshyers Laboratories in 1994 amplifies a bit of the material that was pub-

This airworthiness certificate was issued by an Underwriters Laborashytories inspector Maj J W Jones who deemed the Loening Air Yacht of Vincent Astor to be in airworthy condishytion It is restricted to dayligbt flying and over water only Heres a photo of its sister ship from the 1922 Airshycraft Yearbook

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 3 3

Loening monoplane Flying Yacht 100 hp Liberty engine which made a world record for aHitude with three passengers and pilot 19500 feet

lished in the 1923 book Its entire theme is Making the World Safe for Technology What a revelation both regarding the organization s history in general and its involveshyment in aviation

The real beginnings were at the 1893 Worlds Fair at the Great White City in Chicago The Electricity Building had frequent visits by the fire brigade in response to the new alshyternating current electricity displays catching fire and causing problems It was then that William Henry Merrill began his testing lab which proved

electricity could be a servant rather than a master

Our only function is to serve not to profit We are doing someshything for manufacturers buyers and property owners everywhere We are doing things for humanity was a direct quote from Merrill This was the beginning of the lab The lab was funded by corporations that wanted their products tested as well as by the insurance underwriters themselves

From 1893 through 1905 the budshyget expanded from a mere $3000 to more than $300000 During that

The book goes into

great detail

as to physical

standards for

airmen There were

all sorts of tests

for altitude tolerance

fatigue and eyesight

and their standards

specify annual physicals

rAiLW~eeL5

srlINSON 15 JOCII~Y

34 JUNE 2007

time more than 7500 reports were published the lab moved to larger quarters it was chartered in Illinois and the landmark inspection and label service was established Within two years UL inspectors were at work in 67 citshyies UL got into everything electrical fire prevention fire extinguishers automobiles oil and gasses and transportashytion as well Thats where we come in airplanes

When the first commercial airplane takes off here in the USA in the 20s UL registers airplanes certifies pilots and issues the now rather quaint-sounding Rules of the Air

Im getting ahead of the full story but in a nutshell the National Aircraft Underwriters Association proposed and requested UL become the custodian of the official register of all aircraft pilots (other than government pilots) and take full charge of all details connected therewith

UL undertook this branch of the work on July I 1921 The book goes into great detail as to physical stanshy

dards for airmen There were all sorts of tests for altitude tolerance fatigue and eyesight and their standards specify annual physicals

No wonder the early birds were considered supermen The next step was to create a register of commercial and private aircraft On May I 1922 UL began a nationwide inspection service in order to make it possible to issue cershytificates of airworthiness for individual aircraft The details of the inspections and the people employed to conduct them is an early Whos Who in aviation The inspections were very stringent and as demanding for the aircraft as they were for the pilots

And that dear friends is the story of the first airworshythiness certificates They were all issued long before the Department of Commerce became involved and of course long before the creation of the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) and the Federal Aviation Administration

Little by little the freedoms of flight have been whittled down and the myriad of Federal Aviation Regulations we live with came about but here fellow pilots and aircraft owners was the very beginning and it was the insurance people who started it all I(

Over to you (( ~((~

~ Call to order your copies today

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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 35

BY HG FRAUTSCHY

THIS MONTHS MYSTERY PLANE PHOTO IS A BIT OF A MULLIGAN FOR THOSE OF YOU

WHO HAVE ENJOYED L1GHTPLANES FOR A NUMBER OF YEARS STILL NOT MUCH IS PUBLISHED ABOUT THIS RATHER ATTRACTIVE AMPHIBIAN

Send your answer to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box You can also send your response via e-mail Send 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Your answer needs your answer to mysteryplaneeaaorg Be sure to include to be in no later than July 15 for inclusion in the your name city and state in the body of your note and September 2007 issue of Vintage Airplane put I(Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line

MARCH S MYSTERY ANSWER

36 J UN E 2007

nology olph Dope

Heres a little about the March Mystery Plane

The subject Mystery Plane apshypears to be the Longren NL-13 sin 2 X12538 built in 1932 by Albin K Longren (1882-1950) in Kansas City Missouri Longren had been a design consultant for Butler Manushyfacturing Co during the certificashytion of the Butler Blackhawk and built the NL-13 in the Butler facility with help from Butler employees Butler had ceased production by that time in the depths of the Great Depression The NL-13 had an allshy

wing spars and the fabric wing covshyering The engine was a 120-hp Marshytin 333 inve rted inline with four cylinders The X12538 was the only NL-13 built and was not successful in reaching production although it was an ea rly example of formed alushyminum aircraft structures

My information comes from Aeroshyfilescom and from Chuck (Charles E) Lebrechts fine article entitled AK Longren - Pioneer Airman of the West published in American Aviation Historishycal Society Journal Vol26 No4 Winshyter 1981 pp258-270 Lebrechts article gives a great vjew of Longrens career as an aircraft designer and manufacturer

Jack Erickson State College Pennsylvania Other correct answers were reshy

ceived from WaIt House Wichshyita Kansas George Otto Snook Monroe Michigan John Miller Wamego Kansas Cam Bla ze r Leawood Kansas An extensive arshyticle on the airplane and AK Lonshygren written by Wesley Smith is also included in this issue of Vinshytage Airplane

metal airframe except for wooden 1---------------------------------shy

eners and bulkheads the NL-13 fuselage had a safety factor able to absorb 1683g

ahead of the center of gravity (CG) and 11g aft of the CG

This made the fuselage of the NL-13 considerably stronger than that of the Stearman YBT-3 Boeing P-26A Conshysolidated P-30 and Boeing P-12B with which it was compared the YBT-3 having a maximum g-Ioading potential of 109

both fore and aft of the CG While the reshyport recommended the possible adoption of Longrens construction techniques orshyders for the NL-13 were not forthcoming and no further examples were built

With the demise of Butler Longren went to work for himself using a porshytion of the former Butler factory at the Kansas City Municipal Airport In 1933-34 Longren did the initial metal work on the Luscombe Phantom and developed metal-working techniques with his partner Ivan Driggs Plans for opening another aircraft factory were put on hold when Cessn a reopened their Wichita Kansas facility in 1934 for production of the Cessna C-34 Cessna hired Longren as vjce-president a posishy

tion that he held until 1939 when he moved to Torrance California to open the Longren Aircraft Company

While Longren built no further airshycraft he became a successful subconshytractor of prefabricated components for other aircraft manufacturers After the end of World War II Longren sold his company and retired to a 3OOO-acre ranch at Adin Ca lifornia where he passed away due to a heart condition on Nov 19 1950 at age 68

The defini tive Longren article was written by Mr Charles E Lebrecht and was published in the Winter 1981 edishytion of the American Aviation Historical Society Journal (Volume 26 Number 4 pages 258-270) I am indebted to Mr Lebrechts excellent research for the inshyformation in this piece Further informashytion on AK Longren can be found in the pages of Aviation Quarterly (Mace Kenshyneth D Pioneer Airmen ofKansas Volshyume 5 Number 2 Second Quarter 1979 pages 152-163) Mr Maces article is also quite well-written and contains severshyal beautiful photos of Longrens aircraft as well as the 1908 Call Mayfly

VINTAGE A I RPLANE 37

The fo llowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter of information only and does not constishytute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed To submit an event send the information via mail to Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Or e-mail the information to vintageaircrafteaaorg Information should be received four months prior to the event date

JUNE S-IO-Union IL-Poplar Grove Airport Army Wings and Wheels Info Vintage Wings amp Wheels Museum 815-547middot3115 Tom Murray hiwheelsbcglobalnet

JUNE 14-17-St Louis MO-Dauster Flying Field Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) American Waco Club Flymiddotln Info Phil Coulson 269shy624-6490 or rcoulson516cscom www americanwacoclubcom

JUNE 20-2l--Lock Haven PA-William T Piper Memorial Airport (LHV) Sentimental Journey Fly-In Family oriented fly-in featuring antique and classic aircraft of all makes and models especially PIPERS Seminars vendors food camping and entertainment daily Come for the day or the week Call 570-893-4200 or 748shy5123 for more information j3cubkcnet org wwwsentimentaljourneyfly-incom

JUNE 21-24-Mt Vernon Ohio-Wynkoop Airport (6G4) 48th Annual National Waco Club Reunion Check www nationalwacoclubcom for more information and contact information Or email call Andy Heins 937 313 5931 wacoasoaolcom

JUNE 22-24-Gardner KA-Gardner Municipal Airport (K34) Greater KC VAA Chapter 16 Fly-in Contact Kevin Pratt 816-985-3248

JUNE 23-Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

JUNE 30-Chetek WI-The Chetek WI (Y23) 9AM car show craft fair and show a professional horse pull and a water ski show Plenty of food and drink available throughout the day For more info contact Chuck Harrison 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet or Tim Knutson 715-237shy2477 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

JUNE 31-Russellville KY- Russellville-Logan County Airport (4M7) 9th Annual All You Can Eat BarBQ Lunch 1100am - 200pm Rain Date July 5th Aircraft displays skydiving door prizes Everyone welcome For more information eaal165yahoo com wwwangelfirecom ky3 eaal165 Joe Lawrence 270-726-1558

JULY 4-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-llam For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

JULY 6-8--All iance Oh (2Dl)-Taylorcraft and Ohio Aeronca Aviators Fly-In See the airplanes built in Alliance OH amp Middletown

38 JU N E 2007

OH and the people that built them Camping motels food all day fbarberalliancelinkcom 330823-1168 bwmatzllacyahoocom 216 337-5643 httpwwwoaafy-incom see wwwbarberaircraftcom for airport diagrams Breakfast served Sat amp Sun 7AM to 11AM by EM Chapter 82

JULY 14-Zanesville OH-Parr Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

AUGUST 5-Queen City MO-Applegate Airport (15MO) 20th Annual Watermelon Fly-In amp BBQ 2pm til dark Come and see grass roots aviation at its best Info 660-766-2644

AUGUST S-Chetek WI-Southworth Municipal airport (Y23) BBQ Fly-In 1030am Warbird displays antique and unique airplanes antique amp collector car displays and raffles for airplane rides Procedes will be given to local charities Info Chuck Harrison - Office 715-924shy4501 Cell 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet Tim Knutson - Home 715-237-2477 Cell 651-308-2839 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

AUGUST 17-19--McMinnville OR-25th Annual West Coast Travel Air Reunion Come Celebrate the Rebirth of the Travel Air Expected to be the largest gathering of Vintage Travel Airs in recent times Held in conjunction with the Northwest Antique Airplane Club Event Info Bruce McElhoe 559-638-3746

AUGUST 18--Forest Lake MN-(25D)-Airport Fly-in and Open House lOam - 4pm 24shyhour gas and 24-hour grass 3000-foot 31 13 Forest Lake Lions serve brats corn-ltgtn-the-cob and ice cream 100LL is available John Schmidt EM 250021 St Paul Minnesota 651 776 1717

AUGUST IS-I9-Long Island NY- Bayport (23N) Annual Antique Aeroplane Fly-In Old time movies popcorn pig roast flour bomb drop and spot landing contest with the days ending in the in famous Sheep Shagger Baa For more info wwwAACGNY org or email Stuart Bain at Sbain emediaofny com

AUGUST 19-Brookfield WI-Capitol Airport (02C) Ice Cream Social and vintage Aircraft Display VAA Chapter 11 Dean London 262-442-4622

AUGUST 2S-Niles MI-Jerry Tyler Memorial Airport (3TR) VAA Chapter 35 Annual Corn amp Sausage Roast Lunch served 1100am

to 300 pm Rain date on Sunday August 26th Donations of $500 for adults and $300 for children under 12 Contact Len Jansen tripacerlenyahoocom

SEPTEMBER I -Marion IN-Marion Municipal Airport (MZZ) 17th Annual Fly-In Cruise-In 700am until 200pm This annual event features antique classic homebuilt ultralight and warbird aircraft as well as vintage cars trucks motorcycles and tractors An all-you-can-eat Pancake Breakfast is served with all proceeds going to the local Marion High School Marching Band wwwFlylnCruiselncomlnfo Ray Johnson (765) 664-2588 or rjohnson indyrrcom

SEPTEMBER I -Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $2 50 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer Phone (740) 454-7487

SEPTEMBER 2-Mondovi WI-21st Annual Log Cabin Airport Fly-In Doug Ward Owner Operator 715-287-4205 Lunch noon

SEPTEMBER 8-Newark Ohio-NewarkshyHeath Airport (VTA) Annual Fly-In DriveshyIn Breakfast Pancakes and More Young Eagles Flights Vintage Airplanes Classic Cars Tom McFadden 740-587shy2312 email EAA402adelphianet

SEPTEMBER 9-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-12pm For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

SEPTEMBER 21-22- Bartlesville OK-Frank Phillips Field (BVO) 51st Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-In Antiques Classics Light Sport Warbirds Forum Type Clubs Info Charlie Harris 918-622shy8400 wwwtulsafyincom

OCTOBER 5-7-Camden SC-Kershaw County Airport (KCDN) VAA Chapter 3 Fall Fly-In All classes welcome BBQ on field Fri Evening EAA judging all classes Sat Banquet Sat Nite Info Jim Wilson 843-753-7138 or eiwilson homexpresswaynet

OCTOBER 5-7-St Louis MO-Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) The Monocoupe Club Fly-In amp Reunion wwwmonocoupecom

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40 JUNE 2007

-=-_tI 8015 CONCER

~oNO~Y )JY 13

presented by Ecpse ~1aton n 8lt ford otor col1pa y

Page 2: PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATIONmembers.eaavintage.org/wp...Vol-35-No-6-June-2007.pdf · PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION . ... Flightline Safety Committee and their

N E J u E VOL 35 NO6 2007

CO N TE NTS IFe Straight amp Level

AirVentures Type Club Experience by Geoff Robison

2 News

4 Sun n Fun 2007

1 1 Just Plane Tommy The story of the Thomas-Morse Aircraft Corporation Part II j

by Al Kelch

16 The Poulton Familys Chief Aeronca IlBC by Budd Davisson

22 The Birth of Taylorcraft Creating a classic design by Chester L Peek Ph D

28 Mystery Plane Extra The Butler Manufacturing Co NL-13 biplane by Wesley Smith

33 Pass It to Buck The very beginning of airworthiness certificates pilot certificates by Buck Hilbert

36 Mystery Plane by HG Frautschy

38 Calendar

39 Classified Ads

COVERS FRONT COVER Danny Poulton of Belton South Carolina restored this Aeronca with two personal

goals in mind The first find a project that fit his goals and skill levels for more on his significant

personal achievement see Budd Davissons article starting on page 16 EAA photo Bonnie Kratz

our photo pilot was Bruce Moore Special thanks to Pau l Fertitta of SI August ine Rorida for the use

of his Piper Lance photo plane

BACK COVER John Van Surdams 1934 Waco YKC is covered in the morning dew as another day

starts at Sun n Fun Our coverage of the annual event starts on page 4

STAFF EAA Publisher Tom Poberezny Director of EAA Publications David Hipschman Executive DirectorEditor HG Frau tschy Executive Assistant Jillian Rooker Managing Ed itor Kathleen Witman News Edi tor Ric Reynolds Photography Jim Koepnick

Bonnie Kratz Advertising Coordinator Sue Anderson Classified Ad Coordinator Daphene VanHullum Copy Editor Colleen Walsh Director of Adverti sing Katrina Bradshaw

Display Advertising Representatives Northeast Allen Murray Phone 856-229-7180 FAX856-229-7258 e-mail alelllllllrrayfrllillrisprillgcom

Southeast Chester Baumgartner Phone 727-532-4640 FAX727-532-4630 o-mail cbllllllli J i lllillriSprillgCOIII

Central Todd Reese Ihone 800-444-9932 FAX 816-741-6458 e-mail toridSpc-lIIagcolII

Mountain amp Pacific John Gibson Phone 916-784-9593 e-mail jollllgibsOtlispc-mtlgcom

Europe Willi Tacke Phono +498969340213 FAX +498969340214 e-mail williflyillg-pagescol1l

VI NTAGE AI RPLAN E

Staggerwing Museum Adopts New Name

The board of trustees of the Stagshygerwing Museum Foundation Inc has changed the name of its museum to the Beechcraft Heritage Museum The new name more accurately reshyflects the museums commitment to preserving the rich history of Beechshycraft as well as fostering aviation edshyucation said Michael Greenblatt president of the foundation

Beech Aircraft Company built their first aircraft in 1932 and that very airplane is now the centerpiece of the museum Officially designated the Beechcraft Model 17R-l this distincshytively original and beautiful aircraft design became affectionately known as the Staggerwing

The foundation expanded in 1995 by adding the Twin Beech 18 Socishyety division The museums footprint was increased in 1997 by the dedicashytion of the Twin Beech 18 Hangar On display is one of only three existing prewar examples of the Beechcraft Model 18 Twin Beech

In 2001 this facility was enlarged and rededicated as the Alton E Chuck Cianchette Hangar The BoshynanzaBaron Museum division was launched in 2003 with the first phase of hangar construction dedicated in 2004 and the second phase in 2006 This hangar houses two of the oldshyest 1947 Beechcraft Model 35 Bonanshyzas the first Model 55 Baron built in 1960 and the one-fifth scale original Bonanza wind tunnel models from 1945 The Beechcraft Heritage Mushyseum is planning a special celebration during its annual convention October 10-14 as 2007 marks the 75th annishyversary of the founding of the Beech Aircraft Company and the producshytion of the Staggerwing the 70th anshyniversary of the Twin Beech and the

JUNE 2007

Stinsons in Type Club Parking In addition to the two other clubs selected for parking in the Type Club parking

area there will again be a gaggle of Stinsons to behold in this special area created in the Vintage Showplane parking area Type Club parking is just south of the EAA Volunteer Emergency Aircraft Repair shack just west of Wittman Road the main north-south road on the convention grounds

60th anniversary of the Bonanza All Beechcraft and aviation enthusiasts are invited to attend Event informashytion is available on its website at www BeechcraftHeritageMuseumorg

The Beechcraft Heritage Museum is open to the general public and is located 70 miles southeast of Nashshyville Tennessee at the Tullahoma Reshygional Airport (THA)

EAA AirVenture Awards Ceremonies to Change in 2007

In past years all of the coveted EAA AirVenture Lindy aircraft awards (exshycept for Warbirds) were presented toshygether on AirVenture Saturday night at Theater in the Woods but thats going to change in 2007 Rotorcraft Ultralights Homebuilts Seaplanes and Vintage awards will be presented at individual ceremonies to allow reshycipients to receive their honors at events attended by their peers

Here is the new schedule of awards presentations for EAA AirVenture Osshyhkosh 2007 (Event times will be anshynounced on wwwAirVentureorg as plans are confirmed)

bull Rotorcraft awards-Theater in the

Woods on Friday evening July 27 bull Ultralight awards-Saturday eveshy

ning July 28 during the annual Ulshytralight party at the Nature Center

bull Homebuilt aircraft awards-Satshyurday evening July 28 at a Honda Motorcycles Forums Plaza location to be determined

bull Seaplane aircraft awards--during the annual Watermelon Social dinner on Saturday evening July 28 at the EAA Seaplane Base

bull Vintage aircraft awards-Saturshyday evening (7-8 pm) July 28 at Theater in the Woods

The EAA Warbirds of America will continue to present its AirVenture awards on Saturday evening in the EAA AirVenture Museums Eagle Hangar

For more about the new award cershyemonies listen to the EAA AvCast at wwwEAAorgpodcast featuring HG Frautschy executive director of EAAs Vintage Aircraft Association discussshying the changes

EAA AirVenture Website Has What Youre Looking For

Find out what you need to know about The Worlds Greatest Aviashy

2

tion Celebration at wwwA irVenture org This years special events and atshytractions forums and workshops acshycommodations Oshkosh area travel information and more are all a few clicks away

Also check out our biweekly EAA AvCasts wwwEAA orglpodcast for a collection of audio presentations feashyturing aviation people events and isshysues and EAA AirVenture updates

And the Winner Is Top Gun Paramount Pictures blockbuster

1986 movie Top Gun received the most votes in the Greatest Aviation Movie of All Time poll conducted on the EAA AirVenture website from Febshyruary I -May 2 The story of naval avishyator Pete Maverick Mitchell played by EAAer Tom Cruise received 2047 percent of the total votes cast The 1949 film Twelve OClock High placed second in the balloting with 174 pershycent while Memphis Belle (1990) garshynered 1216 percent

Other films in the fi n al poll inshycluded Battle ofBritain (1969) 1178 percent Spirit ofst Louis (1957) and The Great Waldo Pepper (1975) each with 859 percent Those Magnificent Men in Their Flying Machines (1965) 715 percent The Flight of the Phoenix (1965) 518 percent and The High and the Mighty (1954) 408 percent

During EAA AirVenture Osh kosh 2007 attendees can watch Top Gun which also stars Kelly McGillis Va l Kilmer Anthony Edwards and Tom Skerritt on the large outdoor screen at the EAA Fly-In Theater presented by Ford Motor Company and Eclipse Aviation (Date to be annou nced soon at wwwAirVentureorg)

Other movies to be shown this year at the EAA Fly-In Theater include Spirit ofst Louis Flying Tigers Wings Thirty Seconds Over Tokyo Apollo 13 and Twelve OClock High

The EAA Fly-In Theater is located adjacent to EAAs Camp Scholler and is open each evening (weather permitshyting) from Sunday July 22 through Saturday July 28 The walk-in theater is reminiscent of the famo us driveshyin theaters of the past complete with popcorn There is no admission

We were saddened to hear of the

deaths of Doug and Sharon 8eechel

of Cotter Arkansas on April 22

Doug and Sharon perished in the

crash of their Murphy Moose as

they attempted to land at their home

airport next to the White River

A longtime VAA member Doug

was active in both vintage and

homebuilt aircraft circles and enshy

joyed flying his Moose and Aeronca

Champ Always ready with a gleam

in his eye and an offer of something

cool to drink he and Sharon were

gracious hosts to the many guests

who stopped by the Moose at a flyshy

in We ll miss them greatly

charge fo r the theater which is open to all AirVenture guests Each eveshynings show begins at approximately 830 pm with an in troduction by a celebrity presenter fo llowed by a classic aviation fi lm at about 9 p m shown on a pro jection screen meashysuring five stories high

EAA thanks everyon e wh o voted both in the initial Greatest Aviation Movie nominations and in the fina l web poll

EAA Praises FAA Proposal to Extend Duration of Ainnen Medical Certificates

The FAA plans to extend the durashytion of third-class medical certificates from three years to five years and firstshyclass medicals from six months to a year for pilots under age 40 This action will help to make more resources availshyable for oth er pressing medical certishyfication processes such as th ird-class special issuance medical certificates

Marion Blakey first mentioned the

proposa l last year during her Meet the Administ ra tor session at EAA AirVenture EAA whose Aeromedical Advisory Council works continually with the FAA to remove medical certishyfication barriers has been highly supshyportive of this effort

Period ic medica l examination is of certain value but no t many sign ificant conditions are discovshyered on ro utine examinations on pilo ts below age 40 said Council Chairman Dr Jack Hastings This cha n ge wi ll hopefu ll y allow the Aerom edical Certification Division to d evote grea t er time and atten shyt ion t o problem aeromedica l cershytifications and achieve the goal of timely decisions

FAA estimates that 175000 fewer fi rst class certifica t es and 90000 fewer third-class certificates would be renewed over 10 years resulting in a cost savings to airmen estimated at $85 million

EAA Urges Aircraft Buyers to Make Sure Autofuel STCs Are Legit

EAA has learned of several recent in stances where aircraft sellers have attempted to pass their aircraft off as having an autofuel supplementary type certificate (STC) without the reshyquired documentation

EAA and Peterson Aviation are the only organ izations that have issued autofuel STCs and placards since the program began in the early 1980s EAA advises would-be aircraft buyers to make sure any aircraft purported to have an autofuel STC indeed has one

Contact Petersen Aviation through wwwAutoFueISTCcom e-mail EAA at dwalkereaaorg or call 920-426-4843 to see if the records are on fi le Also check to see if the aircraft has placards on the wings next to the fuel inlets If there are no placards its possible that someone fraudulently used a copy of an STC or has misrepresented the airshycraft to a potential buyer

An autofuel STC can save you a lot of money over the years and can add to the value of your aircraft when you want to sell

continued on page 32

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 3

The Sun n Fun Fly-In is a great way to shake off the winter blahs and jumpstart the summer flying seashyson If you re a northerner like I am by the time baseball season starts youre more than ready to peel off a sweatshirt or two and fly in shirtsleeves Sun n Fun is all about that attitude fly in relax enjoy visiting with your friends and soak in a good dose of Vitamin Av vitamin Aviation that is

The vintage aircraft area overseen by the fine folks of VAA Chapter 1 was filled with a mix of familiar alushyminum and tube and fabric friends as well as a basket full of one-of-a kind airplanes including a rare Travel Air lOB and Saab 91 Safir Tucked back the corner near the trees was an equally rare Bucker Bestmann a pretty low-wing German training aircraft And how about Dean Tilton who along with his friends Dusty and Todd Rhode have not one but two of the rare Arrow Sport biplanes Cap off the week with a fine picnic on the lawn in front of the Vintage Aircraft Headquarters and you have the makings of a great week to start the 2007 fly-in season Lets see both the people and airplanes we enjoyed seeing during Sun n Fun 2007

The seaplane base moved this year from the city park to apoint on the southwest side of lake Parker The new location gave the spectators outstanding views of the take-off and spot landing competitions including this takeoff drag race between apair of SeaBees Despite what you see here eventually the yellow Seabee flown by Bill Bardin won this round

JUNE 2007 4

Lew lIakds Aeronca 7AC ChcInp has been neatly restored with His custom color scheme Lews Champ took home the top Classic hp category (0-100 hp) award

Idont know of too many people who dont subconsciously hold their breath each time they see this done Thankfully the three professionals performing this ac~ John Mohr in the Stearman Todd Green (the stuotman) and Roger Buis Otto the helicopters pilo~ perform this act regularly and are exceptionally proficient The Untied Team performed their act during the daily air show

RIGHT Basically restored by Richard Blazer Tullahoma Tennessee this Taylorcrafts new owner Dick Lawrence of

Pensacola Florida has been busy tweaking this 1946 model Dicks Taylorcraft was selected as one of the top category award

winners at Sun nFun Tom Ramsey Julie~ Tennessee lost his hangar and sold the restored Taylorcrafl

HG FRAUTSCHY

The Arrow Sport biplane is one of the few openshycockpit airplanes built with side-by-side seating and few of this make remain But here are two of them restored by Dean lilton and his wife Christine (far right) From left to righ~ we have the owners of the newest Arrow Sport restoration NC9327 Todd Willie and Dusty Rhode with the Rhodes grandson Kyle in the cockpit

LEFT Now heres asound you dont hear too often in the vintage parking area---piper Stan Berry of Williston Florida serenaded us and instantly drew an appreciative crowd as he played while the sun set below the trees

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 5

The pudgy litHe Stinson 10 may be abit on the rare side but irs just so cute you cant help stop and watch as it taxis by This example is owned by Julian Thomas of NiceviHe Rorida

Good thing those bullet holes are painted on

Chuck Story brought this nice post-war Aeronca llAC Chief mounted on apair of Edo 1400 floats HG FRAUTSCHY PHOTOS

Chucks from Haslett Michigan

Dan Tubbs Taylorcraft looks as crisp and clean as a southern gentlemans summer white seersucker suil Dan hailsfrom AltamontTennessee

JUNE 2007 6

Left Jeff and Suzette Deaton in the proud owners of this outstanding customized 1954 BeedJcraft Bonanza Always among the top airplanes at any event in which it is shown the Beech won the top Classic category prize at this years Sun n FIHI Jeff and Suzette brought their son Blake age 5 along for his first camping Sun n fun adventure where he channed us all

BELOW One of the very rare airplanes on display duro ing this years kick off to the fly-in season was this CzechshybuiH Bucker Bul8l Bestmann owned and flown by Richard Epton of Brooks Georgia Winner of the Most Unique Classhysic aircraft award well have afeature story on this 1949 low-wing trainer in afuture issue of Vmtage Airplane

Willie Ropp now 95 years young (inset) reshystored this 1933 Travel Air CW seaplane nearly two deshycades ago and its still going I

strong Based at Browns Seaplane Base in Winter Haven Rorida it was flown during the seaplane fly-in by Willies daughter Belle

HG FRAUTSCHY PHOTOS

Sometimes you just need to use the transportation you have to get your newfound treasures back to your car

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 7

The Grand Champion Antique award was presented to Less Whittlesleys 1939 Lockheed 12A Electra Jr which was also the Antique Grand Champion at last years AirVenture Oshkosh 2006

RIGHT Unless youre awor1d traveler whos been to Europe its unlikely youve ever actually seen the Saab Safir 91 alow-wing trainer built by the automobileairshycraft manufacturer Lars De Jounge who now hails from Vero Beach Florida has lovingly restored this example which was presented with an Outstanding in Type award Lars tells us he plans on bringing the airplane to EAA AirVenture Oshkosh 2007

One more time The Luscombe Silvaire Aircraft Company (also known as Renaissance Aircraft) is now located on the Historic Flabob Airport in Riverside Califorshynia The company is planning to produce the venerable Luscombe Silvaire as their model LSA-8 powered by the newly available Continental 0-200 engine

wwwluscombemiddotsilvairecom JUN E 2007 8

Some folks think the Franklin 6A4-165-B3 engine was afactory option at the Aeronca factory for the 15AC Sedan it was no~ as the original STC was issued to Maine Air Service It certainly adds just a litHe more oomph to the performance of this fine 4-place airplane as owner Don Wilson can attesl Wilsons recent beautiful restoration which features seaplane door conversions and the very handy STCd fueling steps supplied by Burls Aircraft Rebuild of Chugiak Alaska Burl holds the Type Certificate for the Sedan and has been steadily adding to the available parts list

___~~~_ __~ for the Sedan

HG FRAUTSCHY PHOTOS

RIGHT William Sharpe from nearby Tampa Florida brought his 1962 Mooney M20C over to Sun nFun for aday or so

Even an altercation with a runway logging truck couldnt keep restorer Gorgeous weather was the norm for nearly every day during this years Sun nFun

and the annual picnic for the Vintage Aircraft area hosted by VAA Chapter 1(Florida Sport Aviation Antique and Classic Association-FSAACA) is always abig hit with the Vintage crowd as you can see by the nearly standingmiddotroom only crowd

VINTAG E AIRPLANE

pilot Jeff Smith of Asheboro North Carolina from Sun nFun with his brilmiddot liant restoration of his 125 hp Temco Globe Swift First purchased by Smith in 1996 hes carefully been restoring and polishing the essentially stock airmiddot plane for the past decade creating abeautiful showplane

9

Bill Scott of Springhill Florida restored his Stinson 108-3 with no intentions of selling it but the new owner Jim Gibson from Polk City FL worked on him for several years before he finally gave in_

-- -- - I

--- ~ ~ -- ~ ---1shy

_ -~rgt ~N ~~ --r __ -- ~ - ~~-- - I~middot

~ i ~t --- -- l I ~ IlS

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One of tile Inmdreds of volunteers on hand to help put on tile annual spring migration to Florida Bill Wedlund of Jacksonville Florida gives the stop signal to Kennit Sutton of Naples Florida as Kennit taxis in with his turbine DeHavilland Beaver conversion

Ron Haynes brought his lovely Piper Cub to Sun nFun from New Port Richey Florida Parked near the emergency aircraft repair building (thats afork lift behind the Cub) Rons Cub looked like just the ticket for enjoying the Florida air with the window and door open

Kent Pietschs 1942 S-l Interstate Cadet is flown in airshows all over the world (in January he flew in the AI Ain Aerobatic Show at Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates) and is now decorated in the colors of his new sponsor Jelly Belly jellybeans

10 JUNE 2007

An earty Model TA hydro in the air Note the tubular wing tip floats

The story of the Thomas-Morse Aircraft Corporation Part II

BY AL K ELCH

PHOTOS FROM THE WILLIAM T THOMAS JR COLLECTION VIA ROBERT G ELLIOTT

Preface two-part story in two 1960 issues of American Airman exshy1982-The following three-part article on the Thomasshy tensively researched by Frank Strand with a great deal oforigishy

Morse Aircraft Corp although extensively edited and further nal contact with William Thomas Sr researched by me should be credited to Robert C Elliott of Frank had permission to use all ofthe material he had gathshyDaytona Beach Florida who sought out William T Thomas ered to put together one more article specially tailored for VinshyIr still living in Daytona Beach Mr Thomas generously tage Airplane magazine on the Tommy-Morse Scout of World shared pictures and recollections of his father plus some mashy War I fame For the real Tommy buffs it would pay to seek out terial from the personal collections of Paul D Wison one of his extensive two-part story in the American Airman for lune the three original test pilots Robert submitted to me fresh mashy and luly 1960 Frank also did Profile No 68 published by Proshyterial on the earlier portions of the Thomas airplane venture file Publications Ltd PO Box 26 1A North St Leatherhead On researching several older articles I zeroed in on a wonderful Surrey England

In 1913-1914 the attention of the Thomas Aeroplane Company was turned to the development of flying boats following the similar course of Glenn Curtiss The first machine was quite crude with a wooden hull and the top deck covered with canvas powered with a six-cylinder 90-hp

Austro-Daimler engine The developshyment of this phase of Thomas flying boats went through some sleek mashyhogany-hulled versions on to develop the first metal-hulled hydroplane in America Along with the flying boats several interesting types developed including a two-place version of the

same airplane both powered by 90shyhp Austro-Daimler engines In adshydition a single-place monoplane reminiscent of the Bleriot was flown using a 40-hp Maxi-motor This Thomas monoplane proved unsuitshyable for exhibition work

It was about this time another Mr REPRINTED FROM Vintage Airplane AUGUST 1982

VI NTAGE AIRPLANE 11

An early Thomas tractor hydroplane with single float and wing tip floats

Riglrt-side view of a 1916 hydroplane two-place Model B-3 Austro-Daimler powered

A much earlier Thomas hydroplane with a 90-hp Austro-Daimler engine The forward section of the hull had a fabric cover to furnish protection from the spray

With a 90-hp Austro Austro-Daimshyler engine this metal-hulled Thomas hydroplanes fuel tank was located on top of a wing

~ t J 4 bull i

bull

~r -9shy bull r 0middot -

12 J U NE 2007

Two Guns White Cap chief of the Blackfoot Indians with pilot Ralph Brown WT Thomas at right The Inmiddot dian brought the whole tribal family to witness the flight Once off the water the chief let out a war whoop to let evmiddot eryone know he was quite pleased

The Brindley Street plant in Ithaca New York about 1915 where the Tmiddot2 and Dmiddot2 tractor planes were built

Thomas was due to be added to the company This gentleman had no relation to the founders of the comshypany but he was destined to change and influence the companys direcshytion substantially Mr B Douglas Thomas became the chief engineer and airplane designer He had an exshycellent aircraft background having previously worked as assistant airshycraft deSigner for Vickers Ltd and later Sopwith Aviation Through simshyilar circumstance he also worked for Glenn Curtiss where he assisted in designing the famous Curtiss Model J tractor and the famous Jenny He also took part with Lt Porte in designing the America the first multiple-engine flying boat built for the purpose of transatlantic flight

Upon being employed by the Thomas Bros Airplane Co B Dougshylas Thomas designed its first successshyful tractor biplane The model was deSignated T-2 and was similar to the Model J Curtiss except for the addi-

Morris Chain Co Ithaca New York a subsidiary of BorgmiddotWarner where WT Thomas eventually merged his interests Mr Morris owned controlmiddot ling interest with WT Thomas as vice president

VINTAGE AIRPLA NE 13

The board room group disshycussing aircraft business Left to right Harold Bliss BD Thomas GeorgeAbel Jerome Freed Mr Morris W T Thomas Raymond Ware BD Thomas was no relation to WT Thomas

Employees of the Thomas Brothers Aeroplane Co Ithaca New York Brindley Street plant

H might be Frank Burn-side standing beside the large trainer at the Thomas School of Aviation near Hhaca New York Note that the ailerons were emshyployed up top wing only Exshyhaust stacks rose from the top of the engine and were attached to pipe which wrapped around both sides of the fuselage WT Thomas flying school was the first Board of Regents Chartered Aviation School in New York State This plane was possishybly a Model 02

14 JUNE 2007

Side profile of an assemshybled Thomas Aero Motor The hand crank was preshy

ferred to swinging the prop on a geared ltwo-to-one)

engine Note the individual cylinder primers beside

spark plugs

tion of two nose skids and the 90-hp Austro-Daimler engine It had a top speed of 83 mph and could climb 3800 feet in 10 minutes carrying a lOOO-pound load The performance of this machine added to the prestige of the companys having hired a new deshySigner and resulted in an order from the British Adshymiralty for 24 Model T-2 airplanes its first sizable order

Wit h two pre v i 0 u s One of 15 Model SH-4 hydroplanes built by Thomas-Morse for the US Navy in about 1916 It moves from Hornell New York and Bath New York

was powered with a 149-hp Sturtevant engine

the brothers looked for a new locashy signed and built a 135-hp geared commissioned in the Royal Flying tion in which to expand Ithaca New engine with the help of designers Corps This brought a number of pishyYork at the southern end of Cayuga GeorgeAbel and Harold Bliss also two lots to the shores of Cayuga Lake as Lake was a natural choice with flat of the founders of this new division World War I gained intensity fields for takeoff and landing and a In 1915 two seaplanes designated The expansion and all of the activishy40-mile-long lake constituting an SH-4 and SH-5 were built for the ties had put considerable financial strain ideal seaplane or flying boat test area Navy and the D-5 tractor plane was on the Thomas companies A refinancshyThis coupled with the cold-weather developed for the Signal Corps Furshy ing was accomplished by merging the ability to fly from the ice resulted in ther development in 1916 resulted in airplane and engine division with the an ideal location production of the SH-4 seaplane and flying school then merging with the

Shortly after the move to Ithaca IS were built for the US Navy Morse Chain Co of Ithaca New York BD Thomas designed a new model With the prestige of not only an Thus the final name that is so wellshytheD-2 tractor biplane This was the airplane company but also a moshy known Thomas-Morse Aircraft Corp first use of the new Thomas entershy tor company and a flying school was born January 31 1917 in time to prise which was to build its own enshy The Thomas School of Aviation was build the famous World War I fighters gines This auxiliary company called picked by the Canadian government To be concluded in next months The Thomas Air Motor Co had de- for pilots who would train to become issue of Vintage Airplane

V I N T AGE AI RPLA NE 15

L0023Nnr 9l

bull SIAIWel uO~lnod all~

There seems to be two distinctly different types of people in the world of little airplanes those who love and adore the Aeronca Chief and those who wouldnt know an Aeronca Chief if they found it floating in their coffee Its not a question of liking it or disliking it because its one of those airplanes that has such a low recognition factor that a relatively

small percentage of the pilot popushylation even knows it exists In some ways thats a good thing because it has helped keep the prices down for those who want a Chief of their own One of those is Danny Poulton of Belshyton South Carolina

The Poultons Chief is not your avshyerage Chief Were all used to seeing the 11AC (65 hp) or the 11CC (85 hp)

-the postwar Super Chief-but theirs is an lIBe Were not sure it ever carshyried a name but maybe we should call it the Not-Quite-Super-Chief It came out of the factory in 1947 with a C8S-8 which meant no provisions for a starter Not a normal one anyway It had a McDowell starter which was a combination of ratcheted sprockets and a lever that worked very much like the pull starter on a lawn mower with the cable going back to a hanshydle in the cockpit By the time Danny bought the airplane as a project in Michigan the starter had long since disappeared In fact everything fireshywall-forward had disappeared But were getting ahead of ourselves

Danny had owned a number of airplanes in the past and in fact had learned to fly while he was still in high school

We had aviation on my moms side of the family he says My unshycle was an airframe and powerplant mechanic (AampP) and a fUll -time corshyporate pilot and he encouraged me

He progressed through a number of airplanes most of them some varishyation of the Piper PA-28 line includshying an Arrow although a 63 C-l72 did follow him home one day

I met Donna and aviation beshycame part of our life he says In fact we were married in a 421 Cessna at five thousand feet over Anderson South Carolina

Danny didnt get into vintage airshyplanes until four years ago with the Chief It was a form of therapy because he was on a crusade to lose weight

I had let myself balloon up to 460 pounds and if I was going to live I had to lose the weight I had two sons Dale and JD and a wonderful wife and I didnt want to lose all of that just beshycause I was overweight So I started looking for an airplane to rebuild as a way to keep myself busy We live on an airpark and we had a great guy Gene Richburg living just down the runshyway from us He was 82 years old at the time and knew everything there was to know about rebuilding airplanes and he volunteered to help me

So Danny launched on two projshyects at the same time both of them

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 17

Danny Poulton holds open the top cowl to reveal the Continental C-SS installation It appears Danny has decided not to trust his Chief mechanical fuel gauges which are known to be troublesome and is using an old standby the wire and cork float gauge so common prior to World War II

In keeping with the restrained nature of Dannys customized Chief a few nice touches such as the upholstered side panels and polished control wheel caps brighten up the otherwise original-looking cabin Look closely and you can see the toe brake pedals on the pilots side of the cockpit Those pedals are seen only on the UBC UCC and lSAC Sedan

The tubular structure of the landing gear is covered with an aluminum fairshying leading to a nicely finished pair of replica fiberglass wheelpants The small cable attached to the trailing edge of the landing gear is a safety cable It was originally installed in case of a failshyure of the originally installed phenolic piston within the oleo strut Later after an airworthiness directive (47-20-02) and Aeronca Service Helps and Hints No 12 required changing the phenoshylic part to one made of aluminum the need for the cable was negated but most owners keep it just in case

monumental The first was to lose weight and the second to find a projshyect that fit his goals and skill levels

I didnt look long and actually found the Chief on eBay It belonged to an AampP in Michigan who had started to rebuild it and then decided to put it up for sale I hadnt done anything like this before so I was reshyally not sure of what I was doing but I hooked up my trailer and headed up to Michigan to buy the Chief That was in July of 2003

What he saw when he got to Michshyigan was enough to encourage him so he loaded it up and brought it back to South Carolina As is always the case however he wouldnt really know what he had until he did a thorshyough inventory back home

The large dorsal fin on the llBC Chief (also used on the UCC) makes identifishycation of the higher-horsepower Chiefs a bit easier

18 JUNE 2007

When we unloaded at home Gene came over and we spread the entire collecshytion of stuff out to see what was missing and what kind of work was going to be needed In general the airshyframe was actually in great shape because the AampP

had already started workshying on it and had finished the major compon ents The wings were more or less complete and fini shed

and the work was beautiful About all th ey needed were the leading edges and to be covered

The fuselag e tubing had been cleaned and painted and most of the fuselage wood was usable too Part of the airplanes condition is probshyably because it had only 400 hours on it and had spent most of its life stored inside somewhere We dont have much of the airplane s history but you could see by looking at the wood and steel that it hadnt been left outside to rot like so many Chiefs have been

When we were done inventorying it we found a lot of missing or unusshyable stuff that I hadn t noticed when picking it up It had no tail wheel or wing struts and the doors were not only the wrong doors but were badly crushed There were no control yokes and all of the logos were missing Same thing for all of the interior upshyholstery boards Plus there was esshysentially nothing firewall-forward I

Its still easy for most of those who h ave restored airplanes to rememshyber what it was like in the days beshyfore computers The dozens of trips to fly-markets the phone calls and the constant surveillance of Trade-ashyPlane were not only aggravating but added a huge amount of time to finshyishing the project Danny came into the Vintage world PC post computer so he was able to take full advantage of cyber searching for parts

Besides buying the airplane on eBay that service proved to be a tershyrific source for some of the rarer parts I needed Among other things thats

Whats in a Model Number By HG Frautschy

The differences between the llBC Chief and the llCC Super Chief are tough to spot but in todays sport pilot market one distinction can spell the

difference between flying one and just owning one

Both airplanes are powered by the Continental C85-8 and both came equipped with the rather clever McDowell starter The McDowell was vilified by

some as being a cheap substitute for an electrical starter but having had one

for years on my Super Chief Id have to say it s one of the neatest inventions

added to the postwar lightplane If treated with respect and used in the way the manufacturer intended it worked perfectly It did have one design weakness

that could have been easily solved but it didnt last long enough on the market to make it that far

The McDowell was activated using a cable with a ball swaged on the end

Because of the way the ball and cable were retained in the starters pulley

sheave the cable would fray and then break just below the ball or an overly

enthusiastic pull on the starter cable would pull the ball right off the end If Mcshy

Dowell had used a small fitting inside the sheeve to allow for a straight pull on

the cable (and if the cable had a ball and shank swaged fitting) Im convinced the McDowell would have been much more popular

It allowed for a lightweight starter to be installed on an airplane intended to be flown by casual travelers who were interested in ease of use and safety

It allowed my wife and her instructor both petite women to independently fly

the airplane without requiring a flip of the prop by someone else As long as

the engine was in good tune and one could reasonably expect the airplane to start when the impulse magneto fired the McDowell was a great way to pul l

the prop through safely

The 11BC and 11CC interiors were similar with a slight edge going to the

llCC for a few interior appointments added to enhance the automobile-like

feel to the cockpit Hap Granier the designer of the interior of all three postwar Aeroncas worked his magic on the Chiefs to give them a small sedan or coupe

feeling Bedford whipcord upholstery and side panels the zebrawood pattern wood-gra in-printed instrument panel and control wheels instead of control

sticks all contributed to that atmosphere

Both the 11CC and 11BC featured a large dorsal fin but the 11CC had a

different elevator stabilizer configuration That fact is sometimes lost on reshy

storers and aircraft modifiers who incorrectly (and illegally) put the earlier

11AC or llBC stab elevator combination on an llCC The 11CC has an aeroshy

dynamically balanced elevator designed to meet the hands-off gliding speed requirements of the then-new CAR 03 regulations Aeronca also had the llCC

certified in the Utility category as well as the Normal category with maximum gross weights of 1 290 and 1 350 pounds respectively That right there is a major difference in the airplanes as they are viewed in the market today The 11BC with a maximum gross weight of 1250 pounds is sport pilot eligible

while the llCC by virtue of its 1350 weight is not Interestingly a few llCC additions made it into the llBC as well Both

Chiefs as well as the four-place Aeronca Sedan shared the same rudder brake pedals with toe brakes instead of the heel brakes seen on the Champ Both feature flight characteristics similar to the Champ with the Chiefs having

the edge when it comes to cross-country flights With a 70-pound baggage alshylowance and up to 23 gallons of fuel on board the Chief is a great traveling machine if you re not in a hurry But when you re flying something as pretty as

a Chief whos in a big hurry

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 1 9

BONNIE KRATZ

He Danny Poultons Aeronca Chief features a custom color scheme that is reminiscent of the original decoration composed by Hap Granier for Aeroncas4012E side-by-side personal airplane

where I~gOt~t~h~e~iiiiiiiiiiibullbullbullbull con- trol yoke covers with the Aeronca logos the ashshytrays the bezels and the air box for the cabin heat I even found the pishytot tube and hand brake on eBay If I would have had to physically search for all of that stuff Id probably still be looking

Wag-Aero came to the rescue in supplying the struts and wing leadshying edges

III was able to use most of the origishynal boot cowl but the original noseshybowl was really bad and was cut for the McDowell starter so I used an STCd fiberglass replacement If I find a good original I may change that

11Th is airplane came out of the facshytory with toe brakes which were with the airplane and I stayed with the mechanical brakes and just installed new pads You dont really need

20 JUNE 2007

brakes on the airshyplane for anything so they work just fine

Danny was planning on flying the airplane a lot and added a venturi so he could run an artificial horizon and added air vent holes

When we were doing the inteshyrior there was no kit available for the headliner so a neighbor Phyllis Dalshyton sewed one up using the original material found on Chiefs That was really tedious Then I made the side panels and covered them with Airtex fabric and had to fabricate a new bagshygage door and make the boards for the seats

The panel had already been cleaned so the wood grain was gone but I decided not to try to put it on I did however make two metal glove

compartments for it The sliding windows were

original to the airplane but the polished prop isnt I just thought it looked betshyter polished

When the airframe was done and ready to be covered Danny went with Poly-Fiber and shot it with Aeroshythane but not in the original colshyors or scheme

IIAirtex had some sample seat covers for the airplane that were inexpensive so I bought them and had the paint mixed to go with the seat covers Also the paint stripes arent original They

mimic the factory scheme but arent exact I should also mention that I had some help with the fabric from Larry and Phyllis Dalton who helped cover the airplane This was my first time and they made it easy

Since Danny had no engine he was starting from scratch in that area The original was a C8S-8 but with his papaerwork he found a Supplemental Type Certificate (STC) that opened interesting new avenues

There was part of an STC in our paperwork that would let me install a -12 engine and that would allow me to have an electric starter which I reshyally wanted The problem was that the STC wasnt complete Plus the -8 mount is

than the shy12 so its not

a plug-andshyplay

change and I

expected some problems

getting the papershywork straightened out

I called the Atshylanta Flight Stanshydards District Office and really

lucked out The Coshylumbia Federal Aviashy

tion Agency (FAA) field examiner came out looked the airplane over and said hed be happy to clean up the paperwork and submit it to Atlanta for me What I thought was going to be a problem turned out to be quite easy

Unfortunately Danny found out that things dont always go easy when restoring an airplane and his headaches came in the form of his first engine

I had two sons

Dale and lD

and a wonderful

wife and 1 didnt

want to lose all of

that just because

1 was overweight

So 1 started

looking for an

airplane to rebuild

as a way to keep

myself busy

I bought a C8S-12 that had been overhauled I had flown it for about 22 hours when one cylinder lost a lot of compression so we pulled the jug When we got inside we found that the rod was just banging around in there and was loose on the crank When we split the case we found the crank was badly scored and a lot of metal had gone through the engine so I had to find another one

The second engine was freshly overhauled by an FAA-certified shop

in 2000 after a prop strike The guy I bought it from was building a homebuilt and

was afraid that the engine was going to sit too long before his

project was completed so he sold it Everything checked out to be perfect and it has been humming along with no problems since day one

We flew the airplane for the first time July I 2006 and I had a local pilot Gary Dalton do the test hop I dont mind telling you that I was nershyvous watching it When I flew it for the first time I had only 10 hours of tailshywheel time Id logged while getting my tail wheel endorsement I was a little nervous then too but everything went beautifully When we flew it it was alshymost exactly three years to the day that we unloaded it from the trailer

When I started I guess I became a little compulsive about working on it Id eat in the hangar work until 10 or 11 every night and sometimes Id wake up in the middle of the night and go out and work on it When Id get home from church on Sunday Id change clothes and go out and get something done Im glad I did it that way because it really helped me with the other problem

In the process of restoring his Chief Danny met several goals The first was finishing and flying his own Chief but the second and more imshyportant was taking control of his life From the time he started the Chief to the time he flew it he lost 230 pounds and added no telling how many years to his life Most people have difficulty committing to just finishing an airshyplane so Danny is to be congratushylated for two jobs well done ~

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 21

~The Bmiddot thof

Creating a classic design BY CHESTER L PEEK PHD

Could you in three months time design and build a new light plane without tools or factory and with very little money Impossible you say But that is just what eG Tayshylor did in the spring of 1936 when he introduced the legendary Taylorshycraft to the aviation world Heres the story

In the last week of December 1935 eG Taylor was confined to his bed ill and completely discourshy

aged Days before he and Bill Piper Hangar at Butler Pennsylvania 1936 Still in use today had signed a legal document that dissolved their troubled partnership For Taylors share of the Taylor Cub company (which was in debt more than $90000) he received approximately $5000 to be paid out in small installments over three years

Byron Shinn knew Taylor well both as a customer and friend In a 1991 letter he describes Taylors situashytion and subsequent events

Back in the 1930s we had a small manufacturing comshypany located in one of the hangars on the Butler Pennsylvashynia airport called The Shinn Devices Company We made aluminum wheels for aircraft 4 bead diameter 700X4 tire and at that time sold them to most of the light aircraft manshyufacturers including the Taylor and Piper organization in Bradford Pennsylvania We had a quite complete machine shop and engineering design business I remember how Taylorcraft got started One very cold winter day probably in December 1935 I drove up to see Taylor in Bradford The roads were terrible ice coated and I almost had several acshycidents When I got there I found Taylor sick in bed and in a very discouraged frame of mind He had just been kicked out of his company by Piper and had little or no money or employment I told him with his abilities as an aircraft deshysigner and builder that he should certainly try to get back in the business and offered to help if I could

I went back to Butler and contacted D Bar Peat who was a promoter a very nice fellow who was running the Butler

Ken SchoHer about 1980 airport I asked if he could raise some money to start Tayshy22 JUNE 2007

TAYLORCRAFT BY C 6 TAYLOR PlmBUR6H-BUTLER AIRPORT BunER PA

STABLE FAST A NEW LIGHT PLANE ECONOMICAL LOWPRICED

First Taylorcraft ad February 1936 Aero Digest

First Taylorcraft specifications Photo is of a model

during the

Depression

you NEVER

left a job

Yet these men

deeply loyal

to Taylor

came with him

to this chancy

new venture Byron Shinn about 1936

TAYLORCRAFT Model A

ATe pendingB_ Span 36 (11 m) Length 22 (67 m) Heicht 6 8 (21 m) Wm area 169 fLgt (156 ml) Power Ioodiaa 2IS IbsJhp (118 kcJho) WioJ Ioadma 58 1bbullJIt (293 kcl) Weicht empty 570 Ibs (259 kg) U falload 420 Ibs (190 kc) Payload 181 lbo (82 kcl Gr weiht m lbo (449kcr Bant I Ibs (5 kg) Fuel 10 gals

~L~~L11t1iLk hp

~~~gtam~~hm~~49 kph) l~ mph (51h ) Semlte laquoiliaC 101000 ft (4260 m) imb per min 400 It (122 tn) Cruig rang 210 mi (371 1aD) ~ F welded eel tubg four JODIeIODS of proareqjve diameters wood faired and fabric conrcd removable maine mouat j streued fot SO hp installamiddot tion Wg two paDdJ bolted to fuselafefabric _ ~ oectioo With eJlipticalJy rOUDded tips JOlid apruce JPlrs

Zplace ATC

metal ribs fabricated from drawn NicraJ secshytions sinclc drag wire bracinc built-up metal frame ailerons fabric COYered and of the balanced type with DO exposed horns

=r~~brTc ~~ai~~~wd~ removable fin elentor and stabiliurs inshyterlthanaeable right or IefL Landing rear =evbsor~ closed~~~es color ocJlulosc finish with trim Two-place flex-wine seat 39 inches ide--by-lide cabin fabric lined and fire-wall sound proofed all control cables and fittinp in the cabin are fully enclosed Baggag compartment 6- X 9- X w- back of seaL

~~6oo-~~bS~ wbeds DuPont Pluticell 1rindJhield rulr her mounted illltrument pampDe1 ~ Aeromarinc altimeter U S 011

~~itfra~~ pass or other instnunmts extra

Carlson and Harold White who were engineers Ken Tibbits and Les Salshychow Parks College graduates along with mechanics Colby Carpenter and William Crawford All these men had good secure jobs with Piper and durshying the Depression you NEVER left a job Yet these men deeply loyal to Taylor came with him to this chancy new venture All would eventually rise to responsible executive posishytions with Taylorcraft

Ken Scholter a local mechanic was hired as a welder Contemposhyrary reports credit him with most of the welding on the new plane Forshytunately he was also an amateur photographer and documented the building process on film He furshynished most of the photos shown in this article

Shinn resumes I When Taylor came to Butler he had very little money we all had very little money at that time I believe he got a small settlement from Piper for his share of the Cub company This was in the depths of the Depresshysion We doled the money out a few dolshylars at a time and started to build the first plane We used our machine shop to make the draw bench to make the rib parts and to make most of the parts jigs and dies that required machining

An engineering department was set up I hired a draftsman when Ray Carlshyson moved down from Bradford Tayshylor and the mechanics would make the parts and then the draftsman would

lor up again in the airplane business He along with Col make the drawings We designed a new wheel for the plane Breckenridge and some others did raise a little money about lightweight and very strong being constructed of an alumishy$1000 as I recall enough to include the building of the jigs num stamping fastened to a cast aluminum end rim Tayshyand fixtures and the first plane We moved Taylor and his lor and I also developed the new tapered axle which was family to Butler rented him a house and started work in a lighter and less costly A new Goodrich tire size 600 x 6 vacant hangar on the Butler airport SeveraL of Taylors men was used from Bradford came with him II The plane was designed and built during the first four

Actually six key Bradford employees left Piper and to five months of 1936 This must have been some sort of joined Taylor in the new enterprise They were Ray record When the plane was finished the test pilot Tibbits

VINTA GE A IR PLANE 23

One day we came to work

to find trucks backed up

to the hangar and Taylor

hauling away all the

Taylorcraft parts Batch of Shinn 800 x 4 wheelsjigs and fixtures

started the test flights First he taxied the plane up and down the runway then flew it the length of the runway just off the ground then made flights a bit higher and finally made circuits The plane flew very well but would not stall The CAA required proper recovery from a stall so Taylor worked on the horizontal tail surfaces so that a stall could be induced and the plane passed the CAA tests

Taylor was a design genius The CAA had just released a new-design wing curve and Taylor was the first I

ffi believe to use it The wing curve was ~ ~ faster and had a soft stall ~ This was the NACA 23012 airfoil z ~ Taylor once told the author that in

Fuselage structure 1935 he built a set of wings for the Cub using that airfoil but Piper veshytoed the change They were hanging on a wall when the Bradford factory burned in 1937

Shinn says I started an advertising campaign beginning with a very small ad in Aero Digest saying IISomething new is coming in Aviation The next ads told a little more People were very enthusiastic about the new plane It was much advanced over the Cub beshying faster with side-by-side seating and wheel controls Before long we had reshyceived down payments from over 50 customers $200 each as I recall This

ffi was due to correspondence with old ~ ~ Taylor Cub dealers and the Aero Dishy~ z gest ad In a 1992 interview Bob UJ

Taylor eGs son confirmed thisWing details He remembered his father waking

24 JUNE 2007

First A-40 run-up May 1936

him up one night in Butler and showing him $10000 in down payments

The first ad appeared in the February issue of Aero Digest and is shown on this page A later ad showed a photo of the plane but since no plane had been comshypleted at that time it was actually a snapshot of a model CG Taylor built on his kitchen table First the new trademark Taylorcraft was used but when Beechcraft threatened legal action claiming Taylorcraft sounded too much like Beechcraft the ads were changed to read Airplanes by GG Taylor However they resumed us-

CG Taylor and a Model ATaylorcraft 1936

ing the Taylorcraft name after sevshyeral months

Shinn continues D Bar Peat was always trying to promote the plane On Sundays they would put on an air show at the Butler airport and 200 to 300 people would atshytend Som e way he got the Taylorshycraft to lead the way when all the planes taxied by the grandstand at the Cleveland Air Races

Meanwhile in the hangar facshytory the prototype plane was beshying rushed to completion but not fast enough to suit Taylor He

once told the author I was away ~ from the plant for three days havshyo ~ ing given instructions to complete sect the engine mount When I returned

it was not done I hung the engine in the right place with a chain hoist we

cut the tubing to (it and it was done in an hour On May 1 the Continental A-40 engine SIN 635

was run up for the first time then on May 8 Taylor signed an application for an experimental certificate Only eight days later on Saturday May 16 CAA inshyspector RA Young witnessed the test flight and issued certificate X-16393 to the first Taylorcraft SIN 25 Apshyproximately three months had elapsed from the time construction was started until the new plane was airshyborne A remarkable achievement

It was a beautiful plane sleek and streamlined a far VINTAGE AIRPLANE 25

Test flight of the first Taylorcraft May 1936

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BEAUTY 51495middot00-----shy~GRACEFULLY CONTINENTAL

STREAMLINED - - _ MOTOR

C G TAYL O R bull PlttsburqhmiddotBuUer Airport bull Bu tler Penna

April 1936 ad in Aero Digest

cry from Taylors boxy square-cornered E-2 Cub With side-by-side seating and wheel controls it rivaled much larger more expensive planes such as the Waco and Stinson Weight had been kept to a minimum the proshytotype weighed only 570 pounds It was much faster than the Cub The first prospective customers who flew the plane verified the advertised cruising speed of 80 mph In a race with two locals an Aeronca C-3 and a Kinner Fleet the Taylorcraft won easily

The investors at Butler were elated With nearly 100 orders and down payments received for their new plane they envisioned a rapid production buildup and the prospects of a thriving profitable enterprise Their faith however had been misplaced

Shinn continues But unknown to D Bar Peat and me Taylor had been talking to others about financing and a place to manufacture the plane One day we came to work to find trucks backed up to the hangar and Taylor haulshying away all the Taylorcraft parts jigs and fixtures They moved to Alliance Ohio where they got one years free rent on a large old airplane factory financing and tax breaks D Bar Peat and I retained a lawyer to try to get back our inshyvestment eventually getting back some shares ofTaylorcraft 26 JUNE 2007

stock instead of money And Piper quit buying my wheels and switched to Hayes

Happily Taylor and Shinn soon put their legal difshyferences behind them and remained good friends and business associates for many years

Shinn was not alone in his disappointment when the unexpected move came Scholter was out of a job In 1992 he made this comment They left Butler owing me almost a months pay which I never got But they did give me a very nice letter of recommendation

The Alliance Review newspaper proudly announced the arrival of the new aircraft enterprise in its July 9 1936 edition But that is a story for another day

Authors note When researching my book The Taylorcraft Story in

1992 I was privileged to personally interview four prishymary information sources regarding the Butler Pennshysylvania events eG Taylor Bob Taylor Ken Scholter and Byron Shinn The history above was taken from those interviews and contemporary newspaper articles

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LIN COL N MERCURY

EXTRA The Butler Manufacturing Co NL-I3 biplane

The March 2007 Mystery Plane is the 1932 Butler Manufacturing Co NL-13 biplane designed by Albin Kasper Longren (sometimes simply reshyferred to as the Longren NL-13)

AK Longren had a very long and interesting aviation career Born in a log cabin near Clay Center Kansas in 1882 he was the one of 14 children born to Swedish immigrant homeshystead farmers Charles and Emma Lonshygren In 1901 he took a business course from the International Corresponshydence School (ICS) which he followed up with an ICS diploma in mechanical engineering from 1907-1911

Longrens interest in aviation beshygan with his observations of Henry L Call in 1908 Call originally a New York lawyer author and socialist had moved to Girard Kansas in February of 1908 in order to construct a large and ungainly flying machine powered by two 20-hp Curtiss B-4 engines Known as the Mayfly and The Chicken (among other colorful names) the airshycraft failed to fly despite modification Call enjoyed the support of the nashytional socialist newspaper An Appeal to Reason and constructed several aircraft under the aegis of The Aerial Navigashytion Company of America starting in 1908 before the company changed its name

Beginning in 1911 Call manushyfactured two-cylinder and fourshycylinder horizontally opposed air-cooled engines which h e marshyketed to would-be aviators through

28 JUNE 2007

BY WESLEY SMITH

advertisements (primarily in Aircraft and Fly magazines published by Alshyfred W Lawson of 1920 Lawson Airshyliner fame) The two-cylinder Call was rated at 45 hp and the four-cylshyinder engine was rated at 90 hp Call engines were among the first aircraft engine to be fitted with mufflers an individual muffler being attached to the exhaust port of each cylinder

With his brother EJ Longren and a mechanic named William Janeke Longren constructed a Curtiss-type pusher biplane in Topeka Kansas Beshygun in the summer of 1910 the Toshypeka I was not completed until the fall of 1911 Fitted with a 60-hp Hall-Scott A-2 a water-cooled V-8 the Topeka I became the first successful aircraft to be completed in the state of Kansas Longren made his first flight on Sepshytember 2 and on September 5 1911 he made two flights the first flight reaching about 225 feet in altitude and covering 15 miles and the secshyond reaching about 300 feet and covshyering six miles

Of course Longren was only one of numerous individuals who built Curtiss-type pushers Plans for early Herring-Curtiss machines were pubshylished in Aeronautics and other aviashytion periodicals as well as in books With some individual alterations many such aircraft were built in the United States prior to Americas entry into World War 1

At any rate Longren soon went into the exhibition business with

H Young renaming the Topeka I as the Dixie Flyer The words Dixie Flyer - AK Longren - Aviator were painted on the underside of the Topeka IDishyxie Flyers monoplane canard Between 1911 and 1914 Longren gave 1372 exhibition flights in Kansas Texas Oklahoma Nebraska and Colorado for the Young Aviation Co

In 1912 Longren built a second Curshytiss-type with a Hall-Scott A-2 This airshycraft incorporated the improvements Curtiss had made to his newer aircraft during 1911-1912 and in due course the mid-gap ailerons were moved to the trailing edges of the upper wing This aircraft was sold to Longrens forshymer student and friend Phil Billard who used it to give exhibition flights This aircraft sometimes known as the Topeka II was presented to the Kansas State Historical Society in 1938 where it still exists as a display

In the spring of 1914 Longren took time to marry Ms Dolly Trent Later that winter (1914-1915) Longren built his first entirely original aircraft design - a two-place tractor biplane again seshylecting the reliable Hall-Scott as the powerplant During an exhibition at the Dickson County Fair at Abilene on September 9 1915 the aircraft stalled on takeoff and was destroyed hitting an automobile that was leaving the fairshygrounds Longrens passenger was relashytively unscathed but Longren suffered a broken leg and several internal injuries

While recovering from his injushyries in early 1916 Longren with Phil

Billard began the construction of his fourth aircraft the Model G The Model G was a clean two-place tractor biplane with a strong resemblance to a Curtiss IN-4 In fact it was powered by a Curtiss OX-2 and was intended for sale to the warring European powers However only two were sold one to the Kansas National Guard the other being used for exhibition flights

Late in the year Longren built a small tractor biplane sometimes reshyferred to as the Longren Bus The conshystruction featured a three-ply wooden monocoque fuselage and was built for William Burt of Okmulgee Oklahoma A second machine was constructed for Lester Miller of Dallas Texas who inshytended to use the aircraft for aerobatic exhibitions By late 1917 Longren had moved on to another two-place design known as the Model H As in the case of the earlier Longren Bus the Model H used a wooden monocoque fuselage The Model H was powered by a Curshytiss 90-hp OX-5 engine unfortunately while on his way to Kansas City Misshysouri Longren suffered an engine failshyure near Wakarusa Kansas The aircraft was destroyed in a crash which proved fatal to a cow standing in the field in which Longren was forced down He was made to pay $10000 in restitution to the angry farmer After that interest in the Model H faded away

Late in 1917 Longren became involved with Frederick W Buck MD ME and applied for a posishytion as chief engineer with the Buck Aircraft and Munitions Co of Denshyver To what extent Longren became involved with Dr Buck is unknown Buck (a long with Elmer Sperry and later Charles F Kettering at DaytonshyWright) had plans to develop and sell an aerial torpedo - essentially a small 50-hp biplane cruise misshysile which was intended to fly on a preprogrammed course then shed its wings at the proper time and place depositing a bomb contained within the crude fuselage framework

Longrens career took another path after his debacle with the Model H After failing to establish a new airshycraft company in Overland Park Kansas Longren eventually took a

position at McCook Field as an airshycraft inspector The Great War had cost Longrens friend Phil Billard his life when he was killed in a flying accident while serving in Issoudun France Longrens position at McshyCook had allowed him the opportushynity to examine every domestic and foreign-built aircraft tested there unshytil the time of his departure in 1919 On June 17 1919 Longren formed the Longren Aircraft Corp in Topeka Kansas using a former woolen mill in the Oakland suburb as the site for the new corporation The first aircraft to come out of the plant was the rebuilt Model H now resurrected as the H-2 It is unclear as to how the H-2 differed from the earlier Model H but by midshy1920 Longren had gone in yet another direction with the construction of the two-place Model D-2 - a small aircraft powered by a three-cylinder Y conshyfiguration Lawrence Model B engine of 35-60 hp Within a year the D-2 had evolved to become the Longren Model AK Sport

Described in the pages of Aviashy

tion and Aerial Age Weekly (Volume 11 Number 12 Sept 291921 pages 336-337 and Volume 14 Numshyber 3 Sept 26 1921 pages 55-56 respectively) the two-place Longren Sport or Fibre Sport was a sensational design that incorporated the three-ply laminated wooden monocoque fuseshylage of the 1916 Longren Bus and the 1917 Model H and a set of folding biplane wings to facilitate storage It is unclear as to how the fuselage of the Sport may have differed from earshylier Longren monocoque construcshytion techniques if at all

However a 1925 Longren patent describes the use of diamond-shaped wood fibre shell (procured from the National Fibre Co) being covered with an additional two layers of wood laminations on either side The fushyselage was made in upper and lower halves using steam-pipe-heated conshycrete male and female molds clamped together using 6000 pounds of presshysure The sections were then trimmed and dried with special provision for humidity control before being joined

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 29

to a framework of grooved ash longeshyrons and formers The fuselage formshyers were made of three-ply materials engine-bearing formers were made of a seven-ply material The formers were in turn attached to the fuseshylage shells with screws Finally the fushyselage was varnished inside and out with Valspar varnish the exterior reshyceiving a coat of pigmented varnish before a final clear coat

Sold with both Lawrence Model Lshy2 three-cylinder Y-style and Anzani sixshycylinder radial engines the Longren Fibre Sport was flown in several notashyble Midwestern aviation events during the early 1920s During the American Legion Air Meet at Kansas City (Octoshyber 31 - November 3 1921) the Sport made 38 consecutive loops while being flown by ND Trinler Two Sports were also flown during a special efficiency race held at Omaha Nebraska on Noshyvember 11 An AK Sport again flown by Trinler placed second with a speed of 7791 mph when flown over a 153shymile triangular course Later that Noshyvember two AK Sports were placed at the disposal of the Kansas City Star to deliver newspapers from Kansas City to Lawrence Kansas in record time During a game between the Missouri Tigers and the Kansasjayhawks a teleshygraph wired a play-by-play account of the football game to the Stars office The newspapers were then promptly set printed and delivered via aircraft to the Lawrence street vendors beshyfore departing fans were even able to reach their homes

After establishing a climb record for Longren aircraft in 1922 the Longren Sport attracted the attention of customshyers from as far away as China and the Soviet Union In 1923 the US Navy became interested and on February 19 1924 Lt jB Kneip flew the accepshytance tests for the first of three Lonshygren AK Sports that were sold to the Navy (serial numbered A6745 through A6747) The first machine was shipped to Washington DC for testing at the Anacostia Naval Air Station while the other two were delivered to Pensacola However documentation of their subshysequent testing and use by the Navy remains elusive

30 JUNE 2007

Photos of Longren Sports and the later NL-13 show the distinctive Lonshygren company logo painted on the side of the fuselage and perhaps a few words need to be said about it This consisted of four capital ilLs joined at the top of each letter This formed a crux gammata or swastika although the direction the letters pointed was counter-clockshywise as opposed the symbols use on aircraft flown by Nazi Germany in which the bottom of the ilLs point in a clockwise direction Prior to its adoption by the Nazi Party this ancient symbol was seen as far afield at the Southwestshyern United States where it was a sacred symbol of Native Americans and in Inshydia and in Runic Europe During The Great War the Indian head emblem of Seaplane Pilots Association (SPA) 124 included a crux gammata as part of the headdress worn by the Native Amerishycan chief tan In its time and place it was considered as a symbol of good forshytune and was in no way considered to be an insult In fact after World War I Finland adopted a grayish-blue crux

gammata inscribed within a white circle as the national insignia for its aircraft In Longrens case the ilL was inscribed with a second ilL and the rest of the letters in Longrens surname In addishytion to that a circular logo and was placed at the center of the emblem to which a set of wings and a propeller reached out to a point near the tips of the ilLs So as it turns out the Lonshygren swastika was covered by what might roughly be considered a crux

immissa or crucifix Longren had no connections to fascist idealism The company logo which originated in the Midwest in the early 20s was simply a clever play on the primary letter in Longrens surname

No matter how good an aircraft the Longren Sport was the company could not survive on such limited orders and the last aircraft was sold in May of 1924 The remaining company assets patents and facilities were sold at an auction in March 1926 The Longren Sport was resurrected briefly in 1928 when the American Eagle Aircraft Corporation of Kansas City Missouri built a solitary aircraft as the Model A-429 However the aircraft was much different than the

original Longren Sport and the design was not pursued further Following the collapse of his company Longren was hired by Willis Brown to become viceshypresident of production at the Spartan Aircraft Co in Tulsa When Brown left in 1929 Longren also moved on to beshycome a design consultant at the Butshyler Manufacturing Co at Kansas City Butler had planned to manufacture the Butler Blackhawk biplane However the company was unable to do this and all manufacturing was halted in 1931 At this pOint Longren made a deal to build a new airplane -- the NL-13

Registered as X12538 and sporting the distinctive Longren fuselage logo the NL-13 (NL possibly standing for New Longren) fuselage was built usshying a new machine-forming method for heat-treated duralumin sheets The upper and lower fuselage halves of the 1932 NL-13 biplane were joined to T-shaped longerons and riveted toshygether Fuselage formers also made of liT cross-section were riveted to the halves creating a very strong duralushymin semi-monocoque fuselage Like the earlier Longren AK the NL-13 had twin side-by-side seating The powerplant of the aircraft was a Martin 333 of 120 hp With the exception of the wing spars the NL-13 was of all-metal construction the wings being fabric covered

The aircraft was first tested by George Gay in August of 1932 At that time Gay worked for the aeronautics branch of the Civil Aeronautics Administrashytion (CAA) The aircraft was found to be slightly tail-heavy This was cured by a slight stabilizer adjustment The engine also suffered from a slight overshyheating problem This was corrected by enlarging the cooling louvers and subshystituting the original propeller with anshyother type

The NL-13 had a span of 28 feet and a length of 22 feet Apparently the goal of the NL-13 was to obtain a military contract After further testing at Roosshyevelt Field Long Island New York the fuselage of the NL-13 was sold to the United States Army Air Corps and underwent stress evaluation at Wright Field Dayton OhiO in june 1933 After slight modification to some of the stiff-

continued on page 37

Flying to me is all about having fun Its grass strips and old

friends and old airplanes The folks at AUA understand my kind

of flying and my kind of airplanes They provide great service

at very good rates and they know me as an individual not just

a policy number

- Darrell Jenkins

Dan-ell Jenkins Heber Springs AR

bull Private pilot single-engine land and sea

bull 500 hours total shy300 in taildraggers

bull Current aircraft 1948 Ercoupe 415-E

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continued from page 3

EAA Seeks to Preserve Access to Repair Station Services

EAA cautions that proposed aircraft repair station certification regulations could harm many small general aviashytion shops and adversely affect airshycraft owners seeking to maintain the airworthiness of their aircraft

The FAA estimates the cost for deshyveloping and implementing a new quality system called for by the proshyposed regulations at $34500 per reshypair station Many small operations cannot afford such an expense and it could force some to close their doors

We fear that these requirements would ultimately result in diminshyished availability of qualified and experienced maintenance expertise especially for the vintage fleet said Earl Lawrence EAA vice president of industry and regulatory affairs Airshycraft owners could be forced to use maintenance facilities with less speshycialized experience on their aircraft type making it more difficult to comshyplete major repairs and changes to small aircraft potentially impacting safety as well

EAA also questions the feasibility of requiring repair stations to mainshytain an approved capability list for each make series and model of airshycraft its permitted to work on Many small operators often inspect and maintain virtually hundreds of airshycraft types creating an administrashytive nightmare

EAA is willing to discuss how the FAA could best address its quality concerns while ensuring the ownshyers of small aircraft continue to have ready access to repair station services One suggestion EAA proposed is to exempt or lessen requirements for smaller shops with fewer than a given number of employees

EAAs full comments can be found at wwwEAAorgcommunications eaanewsRepa ir_Station_NPRM_Draftpdf The notice of proposed rulemaking is at httpDMSESDOTgovdocimages pdf99431749_webpdf 32 JUNE 2007

Young Eagle 13 Million Hails From New Mexico

Arlene Martinez in the right seat with volunteer Young Eagles pilot Paul Rachels

The EAA Young Eagles program the worlds most successful youth aviation initiative ever has registered the 13-millionth Young Eagle flown She is Arlene Martinez age 12 of Yuma Arizona who took her flight on March 17 at Somerton Airport (54AZ) in a Cessna 170 piloted by Paul Rachels EAA 633950 Rachels is president and Young Eagles coordinator for Yuma EAA Chapter 590

Arlene was very enthusiastic said Rachels who has flown 123 Young Eagles She definitely enjoyed the flight and would like to do it again He always gets a kick out of how kids react to their special flights Its as incredible an experience

for me as it is for them and I have 700 hours of flight time Steve Buss EAA Young Eagles executive director called it another important

milestone for the program which this year marks its 15th anniversary year-the birthday will be marked at AirVenture this year Its wonderful to recognize Paul and Arlenes flight but we also applaud the outstanding continuing support and enthusiasm for Young Eagles by our members We extend our congratulations to all who have helped the program reach this unprecedented level of participation

Nominations Due June 15 for EAA Young Eagles Awards Each year EAA honors several special volunteers at EAA AirVenture with the

annual Young Eagles awards and theres still time to nominate a deserving pershyson for 2007

Nominations for the following awards are being accepted through June 15

bull Chapter Coordinator bull Field Representative bull Ground Support Volunteer bull Young Eagles Humanitarian (presented for efforts to reach special needs

Young Eagles) bull Young Eagles Horizon Award (recognizing efforts to go beyond the basic

Young Eagles flight) Awards will be presented at a special ceremony held at EAA AirVenture Museshy

ums Eagle Hangar on Wednesday July 25 To download the official nomination form visit wwwYoungEaglesorgvolunteersaward_nominationpdf

BY BUCK HILBERT

The very beginning of airworthiness certificates pilot certificates

For many years Ive talked and writshy barnstormers and promote some ten about the beginnings of the Aero order and safety to their flying It had Club of America (ACA) now known one other side effect No record atshyas the National Aeronautic Associashy tempt or air show (or air meet as they tion (NAA) Ive explained how this were called back then) could be staged pioneer era appointed Orville Wright without the approval of the Aero as the chairman of the Contest amp Reshy Club which was affiliated with the cords Board and how a pilot registrashy international governing body the Feshytion program came into being deration Aeronautique Internationale

The World War I pilots returning (FAI) The contestant was required to home were barnstorming and othershy be a member of the Aero Club which wise doing their best to make a living then issued a certification to the pishyin aviation That led to attempts to lot Hence the FAlSporting License register and somehow civilize these old-timers would show was signed by

Certifying Aircraft and Pilots

AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATE IauecI to VIlICElll ASTOR Arw 23 W 26th Sl BYCit shy

m~ts CnltiUs that the Aircraft described below has been Inspected and found AiruIo~ for daylight llyin on AJIlI 0VEIl WUER OKLY

For the Fl)1nA Season of 1922 ~- ~-=l1=~== Cmlampato NJiI~_ _ -- UND ElV1UTEIS~OIlIS Iae

o o-_pmiIyenr3~J__I922 III _ - ~ t

_ _ Mri N=A1fefJ~mATE WAmR AmClWr _ _______ 1 - PQRIlrASRDWTCJN l T bull Y

N_- 01 AlOft to 5 M- 1-1 AJkwL c 9on MuwLOEBDIG AERO ElIGR C~IIoTNo 23-t SodoIH9~iF--__ 0- 30 pr 3 I~ _ 42 PT 6 U __ n 8 Pr _ 2700 4100 II UMIwI 1400 shy_ 130 M _Cd 20000 hlln_H_ 2S_ _ T LIBRRrY I I OBE __ US 32230 __ Do 5 000 - JfAJlJODS JULY 7 1922

Orville Wright It was a requirement of the federal government No federal requirement for a pilots certificate would come into being until the Air Commerce Act gave that authority and responsibility to the Department of Commerce on May 20 1926

In all of the information Ive read on the early days of the ACA later the NAA there was never any menshytion of aircraft standards or airworshythiness certificates I never quesshytioned it and as a matter of fact I never gave it a thought

Then along comes friend and Vinshytage member Mitch Wohl from Barrington Illinois and he drops two books on my desk The first one I picked up was titled A Symbol of Safety This book was first published in 1923 and tells all about the foundshying of the Underwriters Laboratories (UL) Reprinted in 1995 it goes into great detail as to the history of UL I found it very interesting

The second book published on the 100th anniversary of Underwritshyers Laboratories in 1994 amplifies a bit of the material that was pub-

This airworthiness certificate was issued by an Underwriters Laborashytories inspector Maj J W Jones who deemed the Loening Air Yacht of Vincent Astor to be in airworthy condishytion It is restricted to dayligbt flying and over water only Heres a photo of its sister ship from the 1922 Airshycraft Yearbook

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 3 3

Loening monoplane Flying Yacht 100 hp Liberty engine which made a world record for aHitude with three passengers and pilot 19500 feet

lished in the 1923 book Its entire theme is Making the World Safe for Technology What a revelation both regarding the organization s history in general and its involveshyment in aviation

The real beginnings were at the 1893 Worlds Fair at the Great White City in Chicago The Electricity Building had frequent visits by the fire brigade in response to the new alshyternating current electricity displays catching fire and causing problems It was then that William Henry Merrill began his testing lab which proved

electricity could be a servant rather than a master

Our only function is to serve not to profit We are doing someshything for manufacturers buyers and property owners everywhere We are doing things for humanity was a direct quote from Merrill This was the beginning of the lab The lab was funded by corporations that wanted their products tested as well as by the insurance underwriters themselves

From 1893 through 1905 the budshyget expanded from a mere $3000 to more than $300000 During that

The book goes into

great detail

as to physical

standards for

airmen There were

all sorts of tests

for altitude tolerance

fatigue and eyesight

and their standards

specify annual physicals

rAiLW~eeL5

srlINSON 15 JOCII~Y

34 JUNE 2007

time more than 7500 reports were published the lab moved to larger quarters it was chartered in Illinois and the landmark inspection and label service was established Within two years UL inspectors were at work in 67 citshyies UL got into everything electrical fire prevention fire extinguishers automobiles oil and gasses and transportashytion as well Thats where we come in airplanes

When the first commercial airplane takes off here in the USA in the 20s UL registers airplanes certifies pilots and issues the now rather quaint-sounding Rules of the Air

Im getting ahead of the full story but in a nutshell the National Aircraft Underwriters Association proposed and requested UL become the custodian of the official register of all aircraft pilots (other than government pilots) and take full charge of all details connected therewith

UL undertook this branch of the work on July I 1921 The book goes into great detail as to physical stanshy

dards for airmen There were all sorts of tests for altitude tolerance fatigue and eyesight and their standards specify annual physicals

No wonder the early birds were considered supermen The next step was to create a register of commercial and private aircraft On May I 1922 UL began a nationwide inspection service in order to make it possible to issue cershytificates of airworthiness for individual aircraft The details of the inspections and the people employed to conduct them is an early Whos Who in aviation The inspections were very stringent and as demanding for the aircraft as they were for the pilots

And that dear friends is the story of the first airworshythiness certificates They were all issued long before the Department of Commerce became involved and of course long before the creation of the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) and the Federal Aviation Administration

Little by little the freedoms of flight have been whittled down and the myriad of Federal Aviation Regulations we live with came about but here fellow pilots and aircraft owners was the very beginning and it was the insurance people who started it all I(

Over to you (( ~((~

~ Call to order your copies today

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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 35

BY HG FRAUTSCHY

THIS MONTHS MYSTERY PLANE PHOTO IS A BIT OF A MULLIGAN FOR THOSE OF YOU

WHO HAVE ENJOYED L1GHTPLANES FOR A NUMBER OF YEARS STILL NOT MUCH IS PUBLISHED ABOUT THIS RATHER ATTRACTIVE AMPHIBIAN

Send your answer to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box You can also send your response via e-mail Send 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Your answer needs your answer to mysteryplaneeaaorg Be sure to include to be in no later than July 15 for inclusion in the your name city and state in the body of your note and September 2007 issue of Vintage Airplane put I(Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line

MARCH S MYSTERY ANSWER

36 J UN E 2007

nology olph Dope

Heres a little about the March Mystery Plane

The subject Mystery Plane apshypears to be the Longren NL-13 sin 2 X12538 built in 1932 by Albin K Longren (1882-1950) in Kansas City Missouri Longren had been a design consultant for Butler Manushyfacturing Co during the certificashytion of the Butler Blackhawk and built the NL-13 in the Butler facility with help from Butler employees Butler had ceased production by that time in the depths of the Great Depression The NL-13 had an allshy

wing spars and the fabric wing covshyering The engine was a 120-hp Marshytin 333 inve rted inline with four cylinders The X12538 was the only NL-13 built and was not successful in reaching production although it was an ea rly example of formed alushyminum aircraft structures

My information comes from Aeroshyfilescom and from Chuck (Charles E) Lebrechts fine article entitled AK Longren - Pioneer Airman of the West published in American Aviation Historishycal Society Journal Vol26 No4 Winshyter 1981 pp258-270 Lebrechts article gives a great vjew of Longrens career as an aircraft designer and manufacturer

Jack Erickson State College Pennsylvania Other correct answers were reshy

ceived from WaIt House Wichshyita Kansas George Otto Snook Monroe Michigan John Miller Wamego Kansas Cam Bla ze r Leawood Kansas An extensive arshyticle on the airplane and AK Lonshygren written by Wesley Smith is also included in this issue of Vinshytage Airplane

metal airframe except for wooden 1---------------------------------shy

eners and bulkheads the NL-13 fuselage had a safety factor able to absorb 1683g

ahead of the center of gravity (CG) and 11g aft of the CG

This made the fuselage of the NL-13 considerably stronger than that of the Stearman YBT-3 Boeing P-26A Conshysolidated P-30 and Boeing P-12B with which it was compared the YBT-3 having a maximum g-Ioading potential of 109

both fore and aft of the CG While the reshyport recommended the possible adoption of Longrens construction techniques orshyders for the NL-13 were not forthcoming and no further examples were built

With the demise of Butler Longren went to work for himself using a porshytion of the former Butler factory at the Kansas City Municipal Airport In 1933-34 Longren did the initial metal work on the Luscombe Phantom and developed metal-working techniques with his partner Ivan Driggs Plans for opening another aircraft factory were put on hold when Cessn a reopened their Wichita Kansas facility in 1934 for production of the Cessna C-34 Cessna hired Longren as vjce-president a posishy

tion that he held until 1939 when he moved to Torrance California to open the Longren Aircraft Company

While Longren built no further airshycraft he became a successful subconshytractor of prefabricated components for other aircraft manufacturers After the end of World War II Longren sold his company and retired to a 3OOO-acre ranch at Adin Ca lifornia where he passed away due to a heart condition on Nov 19 1950 at age 68

The defini tive Longren article was written by Mr Charles E Lebrecht and was published in the Winter 1981 edishytion of the American Aviation Historical Society Journal (Volume 26 Number 4 pages 258-270) I am indebted to Mr Lebrechts excellent research for the inshyformation in this piece Further informashytion on AK Longren can be found in the pages of Aviation Quarterly (Mace Kenshyneth D Pioneer Airmen ofKansas Volshyume 5 Number 2 Second Quarter 1979 pages 152-163) Mr Maces article is also quite well-written and contains severshyal beautiful photos of Longrens aircraft as well as the 1908 Call Mayfly

VINTAGE A I RPLANE 37

The fo llowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter of information only and does not constishytute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed To submit an event send the information via mail to Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Or e-mail the information to vintageaircrafteaaorg Information should be received four months prior to the event date

JUNE S-IO-Union IL-Poplar Grove Airport Army Wings and Wheels Info Vintage Wings amp Wheels Museum 815-547middot3115 Tom Murray hiwheelsbcglobalnet

JUNE 14-17-St Louis MO-Dauster Flying Field Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) American Waco Club Flymiddotln Info Phil Coulson 269shy624-6490 or rcoulson516cscom www americanwacoclubcom

JUNE 20-2l--Lock Haven PA-William T Piper Memorial Airport (LHV) Sentimental Journey Fly-In Family oriented fly-in featuring antique and classic aircraft of all makes and models especially PIPERS Seminars vendors food camping and entertainment daily Come for the day or the week Call 570-893-4200 or 748shy5123 for more information j3cubkcnet org wwwsentimentaljourneyfly-incom

JUNE 21-24-Mt Vernon Ohio-Wynkoop Airport (6G4) 48th Annual National Waco Club Reunion Check www nationalwacoclubcom for more information and contact information Or email call Andy Heins 937 313 5931 wacoasoaolcom

JUNE 22-24-Gardner KA-Gardner Municipal Airport (K34) Greater KC VAA Chapter 16 Fly-in Contact Kevin Pratt 816-985-3248

JUNE 23-Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

JUNE 30-Chetek WI-The Chetek WI (Y23) 9AM car show craft fair and show a professional horse pull and a water ski show Plenty of food and drink available throughout the day For more info contact Chuck Harrison 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet or Tim Knutson 715-237shy2477 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

JUNE 31-Russellville KY- Russellville-Logan County Airport (4M7) 9th Annual All You Can Eat BarBQ Lunch 1100am - 200pm Rain Date July 5th Aircraft displays skydiving door prizes Everyone welcome For more information eaal165yahoo com wwwangelfirecom ky3 eaal165 Joe Lawrence 270-726-1558

JULY 4-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-llam For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

JULY 6-8--All iance Oh (2Dl)-Taylorcraft and Ohio Aeronca Aviators Fly-In See the airplanes built in Alliance OH amp Middletown

38 JU N E 2007

OH and the people that built them Camping motels food all day fbarberalliancelinkcom 330823-1168 bwmatzllacyahoocom 216 337-5643 httpwwwoaafy-incom see wwwbarberaircraftcom for airport diagrams Breakfast served Sat amp Sun 7AM to 11AM by EM Chapter 82

JULY 14-Zanesville OH-Parr Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

AUGUST 5-Queen City MO-Applegate Airport (15MO) 20th Annual Watermelon Fly-In amp BBQ 2pm til dark Come and see grass roots aviation at its best Info 660-766-2644

AUGUST S-Chetek WI-Southworth Municipal airport (Y23) BBQ Fly-In 1030am Warbird displays antique and unique airplanes antique amp collector car displays and raffles for airplane rides Procedes will be given to local charities Info Chuck Harrison - Office 715-924shy4501 Cell 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet Tim Knutson - Home 715-237-2477 Cell 651-308-2839 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

AUGUST 17-19--McMinnville OR-25th Annual West Coast Travel Air Reunion Come Celebrate the Rebirth of the Travel Air Expected to be the largest gathering of Vintage Travel Airs in recent times Held in conjunction with the Northwest Antique Airplane Club Event Info Bruce McElhoe 559-638-3746

AUGUST 18--Forest Lake MN-(25D)-Airport Fly-in and Open House lOam - 4pm 24shyhour gas and 24-hour grass 3000-foot 31 13 Forest Lake Lions serve brats corn-ltgtn-the-cob and ice cream 100LL is available John Schmidt EM 250021 St Paul Minnesota 651 776 1717

AUGUST IS-I9-Long Island NY- Bayport (23N) Annual Antique Aeroplane Fly-In Old time movies popcorn pig roast flour bomb drop and spot landing contest with the days ending in the in famous Sheep Shagger Baa For more info wwwAACGNY org or email Stuart Bain at Sbain emediaofny com

AUGUST 19-Brookfield WI-Capitol Airport (02C) Ice Cream Social and vintage Aircraft Display VAA Chapter 11 Dean London 262-442-4622

AUGUST 2S-Niles MI-Jerry Tyler Memorial Airport (3TR) VAA Chapter 35 Annual Corn amp Sausage Roast Lunch served 1100am

to 300 pm Rain date on Sunday August 26th Donations of $500 for adults and $300 for children under 12 Contact Len Jansen tripacerlenyahoocom

SEPTEMBER I -Marion IN-Marion Municipal Airport (MZZ) 17th Annual Fly-In Cruise-In 700am until 200pm This annual event features antique classic homebuilt ultralight and warbird aircraft as well as vintage cars trucks motorcycles and tractors An all-you-can-eat Pancake Breakfast is served with all proceeds going to the local Marion High School Marching Band wwwFlylnCruiselncomlnfo Ray Johnson (765) 664-2588 or rjohnson indyrrcom

SEPTEMBER I -Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $2 50 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer Phone (740) 454-7487

SEPTEMBER 2-Mondovi WI-21st Annual Log Cabin Airport Fly-In Doug Ward Owner Operator 715-287-4205 Lunch noon

SEPTEMBER 8-Newark Ohio-NewarkshyHeath Airport (VTA) Annual Fly-In DriveshyIn Breakfast Pancakes and More Young Eagles Flights Vintage Airplanes Classic Cars Tom McFadden 740-587shy2312 email EAA402adelphianet

SEPTEMBER 9-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-12pm For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

SEPTEMBER 21-22- Bartlesville OK-Frank Phillips Field (BVO) 51st Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-In Antiques Classics Light Sport Warbirds Forum Type Clubs Info Charlie Harris 918-622shy8400 wwwtulsafyincom

OCTOBER 5-7-Camden SC-Kershaw County Airport (KCDN) VAA Chapter 3 Fall Fly-In All classes welcome BBQ on field Fri Evening EAA judging all classes Sat Banquet Sat Nite Info Jim Wilson 843-753-7138 or eiwilson homexpresswaynet

OCTOBER 5-7-St Louis MO-Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) The Monocoupe Club Fly-In amp Reunion wwwmonocoupecom

OCTOBER IO-I4-Tuliahoma TN- Beech Birthday Party 2007 Staggerwing Twin Beech 18 Bonanza Baron Beech ownersamp enthusiasts Info 931shy455-1974

Your One STOP Quality Shop Hook up air hose from your compressor Add Glass Beads or otherabrasiveAim powergun 1-888-388-8803 (included) at part and remove 1-780-447-5955 rust paint and scale

Exhaust Systems FAST WORKS GREAT Abrasive recycles 22d 34w Carb Air Boxes 2012h work area22 ga steel14 Structural Assemblies ga steel legs Requires 7 Clamps amp Hardware cfm 80 psi amp shop Round Engine Exhausts

Engine Mounts Fuel Cells Heaters

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2007 MAJOR FLy-INS

For details on EM Chapter flymiddotins and other local avimiddot ation events visit wwweaaorgjevents

Golden West EAA Regional Ay-In

Yuba County Airport (MYV) Marysville CA

June 29middotJuly 1 2007 wwwGodenWestRynorg

Rocky Mountain EAA Regional AyJn Front Range Airport (FTG) Watkins CO

June 23-24 2007 wwwRMRRorg

Arlington EAA Ay-In

Arlington Municipal Airport (AWO) Arlington WA July 11-15 2007

wwwNWEAAorg

EAA AlrVenture Oshkosh

Something to buy sell or trade Classified Word Ads $550 per 10 words 180 words maximum with boldface

lead-in on first line

Classified Display Ads One column wide (2167 inches) by 1 2 or 3 inches

high at $20 per inch Black and white only and no frequency discounts

Advertising Closing Dates 10th of second month prior to desired issue date

(ie January 10 is the closing date for the March issue) VAA reserves the right

to reject any advertising in conflict with its policies Rates cover one insertion per

issue Classified ads are not accepted via phone Payment must accompany order

Word ads may be sent via fax (920-426-4828) or e-mail (cassadseaaorg) using

credit card payment (all cards accepted) Include name on card complete address

type of card card number and expiration date Make checks payable to EAA

Address advertising correspondence to EAA Publications Classified Ad Manager

PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086

MISCELLANEOUS BABBITT BEARING SERVICE - rod

Wittman Regional Airport (OSH) Oshkosh WI July 23-29 2007 wwwAirVentureorg

EAA Mld-Eastem Regional Ay-In Mansfield Lahm Airport Mansfield OH August 25-26 2007

httpMERR info

Virginia Regional EAA Ay-In

Dinwiddie County Airport (PTB) Petersburg VA October 6-7 2007 wwwVAEAAorg

EAA Southeast Regional Ay-In Middleton Field Airport (GZH) Evergreen AL October 12-14 2007 wwwSERRorg

Copperstate Regional EAA AyJn Casa Grande (Arizona) Municipal Airport (CGZ)

October 25-28 2007 wwwcopperstateorg

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150 Different Airplanes Available

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Visit www_fyingwirescom or call

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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 39

VINTAGE AIRCRAFT

ASSOCIATION OFFICERS

President VicemiddotPres ident Geoff Robison George Daubner

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DIRECTORS Steve Bender

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Plainfield IN 46168 3 17 middot839middot4500

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John S Copeland 1 A Deacon St reet

Northborough MA 0 I 532 508middot393middot4775

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Indianapolis IN 46278 3 17middot293middot4430

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DIRECTORS EMERITUS

Gene Chase EE Buck Hilbert 2 159 Cariton Rd 8102 Leech Rd

Oshkosh WI 54904 Union IL 60 180 920middot23 1middot5002 8 15middot923middot4591

GRCHACilarterl1et )lIck7clc(iigtdlsnet

Ronald C Fritz 15401 Sparta Ave

Kent City MI 49J30 616middot678middot5012

rFrilzpa thwaYlletco11l

Membershi~ Services Directory ENJOY THE MANY BENEFITS OF EAA AND ~ EAAs VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION

EAA Aviation Center PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Phone (920) 426-4800 Fax (920) 426-4873

Web Sites wwwvintageaircratorg wwwairventllreorg wwweaaorgmemberbene(its E-Mail vintageaircrateaaorg

EAA and Division Membership Services 800-843-3612 FAX 920-426-6761 (800 AM-700 PM Monday-Friday CST)

-Newrenew memberships EAA Divisions (Vintage Aircraft Association lAC Warbirds) National Association of Flight Instructors (NAFI)

-Address changes -Merchandise sales -Gift memberships

Programs and Activities EAA AirVenture Fax-On-Demand Directory 732-885-6711 Auto Fuel STCs 920-426-4843 Buildrestore information 920-426-4821 Chapters locatingorganizing 920-426-4876 Education 888-322-3229

- EAA Air Academy - EAA Scholarships

Flight Advisors information 920-426-6864 Flight Instructor information 920-426-6801

Flying Start Program 920-426-6847 Library ServicesResearch 920-426-4848 Medical Questions 920-426-6112 Technical Counselors 920-426-6864 Young Eagles 877-806-8902

Benefits AUA Vintage Insurance Plan 800-727-3823 EAA Aircraft Insurance Plan 866-647-4322 Term Life and Accidental 800-241-6103 Death Insurance (Harvey Watt amp Company) EAA Platinum VISA Card 800-853-5576 ext 8884 EAA Aircraft Financing Plan 866-808-6040 EAA Enterprise Rent-A-Car Program 877-GA1-ERAC Editorial 920-426-4825 VAA Office FAX 920-426-6865

EAA Aviation Foundation Artifact Donations 920-426-4877 Financial Support 800-236-1025

MEMBERSHIP INFORMATION EAA

Membership in the Experimental Aircraft ASSOCiation Inc is $40 for one year includshying 12 issues of SPORT AVIATION Family membership is an additional $10 annually Junior Membership (under 19 years of age) is available at $23 annually All major credit cards accepted for membership (Add $16 for Foreign Postage)

EAA SPORT PILOT Current EAA members may add EAA

SPORT PILOT magaZine for an additional $20 per year

EAA Membership and EAA SPORT PILOT magazine is available for $40 per year (SPORT AVIATION magaZine not inshycluded) (Add $16 for Foreign Postage)

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Vintage Aircraft Association and receive VINTAGE AIRPLANE magazine for an adshyditional $36 per year

EAA Membership VINTAGE AIRPLANE magazine and one year membership in the EAA Vintage Aircraft Association is available for $46 per year (SPORT AVIATION magazine not inshycluded) (Add $7 for Foreign Postage)

lAC Current EAA members may join the

International Aerobatic Club Inc Divishysion and receive SPORT AEROBATICS magazine for an additional $45 per year

EAA Membership SPORT AEROBATshyICS magaZine and one year membership in the lAC Division is available for $55 per year (SPORT AVIATION magazine not included) (Add $18 for Foreign Postage_)

WARBIRDS Current EAA members may join the EAA

Warbirds of America Division and receive WARBIRDS magazine for an additional $45 per year

EAA Membership WARBIRDS magashyz ine and one year membership in the Warbirds Division is available for $55 per year (SPORT AVIATION magaZine not inshycluded) (Add $7 for Foreign Postage)

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Copyright mOO7 by the EM Vintage Aircraft Associalion All rights reseVed VI NTAGE AIRPLANE (USPS 062middot750 ISSN 0091-6943) is published and owned exclusively by the EM Vintage Aircraft Association of the Experimental Aircraft Association and is published monthly at EM Aviamiddot

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40 JUNE 2007

-=-_tI 8015 CONCER

~oNO~Y )JY 13

presented by Ecpse ~1aton n 8lt ford otor col1pa y

Page 3: PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATIONmembers.eaavintage.org/wp...Vol-35-No-6-June-2007.pdf · PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION . ... Flightline Safety Committee and their

Staggerwing Museum Adopts New Name

The board of trustees of the Stagshygerwing Museum Foundation Inc has changed the name of its museum to the Beechcraft Heritage Museum The new name more accurately reshyflects the museums commitment to preserving the rich history of Beechshycraft as well as fostering aviation edshyucation said Michael Greenblatt president of the foundation

Beech Aircraft Company built their first aircraft in 1932 and that very airplane is now the centerpiece of the museum Officially designated the Beechcraft Model 17R-l this distincshytively original and beautiful aircraft design became affectionately known as the Staggerwing

The foundation expanded in 1995 by adding the Twin Beech 18 Socishyety division The museums footprint was increased in 1997 by the dedicashytion of the Twin Beech 18 Hangar On display is one of only three existing prewar examples of the Beechcraft Model 18 Twin Beech

In 2001 this facility was enlarged and rededicated as the Alton E Chuck Cianchette Hangar The BoshynanzaBaron Museum division was launched in 2003 with the first phase of hangar construction dedicated in 2004 and the second phase in 2006 This hangar houses two of the oldshyest 1947 Beechcraft Model 35 Bonanshyzas the first Model 55 Baron built in 1960 and the one-fifth scale original Bonanza wind tunnel models from 1945 The Beechcraft Heritage Mushyseum is planning a special celebration during its annual convention October 10-14 as 2007 marks the 75th annishyversary of the founding of the Beech Aircraft Company and the producshytion of the Staggerwing the 70th anshyniversary of the Twin Beech and the

JUNE 2007

Stinsons in Type Club Parking In addition to the two other clubs selected for parking in the Type Club parking

area there will again be a gaggle of Stinsons to behold in this special area created in the Vintage Showplane parking area Type Club parking is just south of the EAA Volunteer Emergency Aircraft Repair shack just west of Wittman Road the main north-south road on the convention grounds

60th anniversary of the Bonanza All Beechcraft and aviation enthusiasts are invited to attend Event informashytion is available on its website at www BeechcraftHeritageMuseumorg

The Beechcraft Heritage Museum is open to the general public and is located 70 miles southeast of Nashshyville Tennessee at the Tullahoma Reshygional Airport (THA)

EAA AirVenture Awards Ceremonies to Change in 2007

In past years all of the coveted EAA AirVenture Lindy aircraft awards (exshycept for Warbirds) were presented toshygether on AirVenture Saturday night at Theater in the Woods but thats going to change in 2007 Rotorcraft Ultralights Homebuilts Seaplanes and Vintage awards will be presented at individual ceremonies to allow reshycipients to receive their honors at events attended by their peers

Here is the new schedule of awards presentations for EAA AirVenture Osshyhkosh 2007 (Event times will be anshynounced on wwwAirVentureorg as plans are confirmed)

bull Rotorcraft awards-Theater in the

Woods on Friday evening July 27 bull Ultralight awards-Saturday eveshy

ning July 28 during the annual Ulshytralight party at the Nature Center

bull Homebuilt aircraft awards-Satshyurday evening July 28 at a Honda Motorcycles Forums Plaza location to be determined

bull Seaplane aircraft awards--during the annual Watermelon Social dinner on Saturday evening July 28 at the EAA Seaplane Base

bull Vintage aircraft awards-Saturshyday evening (7-8 pm) July 28 at Theater in the Woods

The EAA Warbirds of America will continue to present its AirVenture awards on Saturday evening in the EAA AirVenture Museums Eagle Hangar

For more about the new award cershyemonies listen to the EAA AvCast at wwwEAAorgpodcast featuring HG Frautschy executive director of EAAs Vintage Aircraft Association discussshying the changes

EAA AirVenture Website Has What Youre Looking For

Find out what you need to know about The Worlds Greatest Aviashy

2

tion Celebration at wwwA irVenture org This years special events and atshytractions forums and workshops acshycommodations Oshkosh area travel information and more are all a few clicks away

Also check out our biweekly EAA AvCasts wwwEAA orglpodcast for a collection of audio presentations feashyturing aviation people events and isshysues and EAA AirVenture updates

And the Winner Is Top Gun Paramount Pictures blockbuster

1986 movie Top Gun received the most votes in the Greatest Aviation Movie of All Time poll conducted on the EAA AirVenture website from Febshyruary I -May 2 The story of naval avishyator Pete Maverick Mitchell played by EAAer Tom Cruise received 2047 percent of the total votes cast The 1949 film Twelve OClock High placed second in the balloting with 174 pershycent while Memphis Belle (1990) garshynered 1216 percent

Other films in the fi n al poll inshycluded Battle ofBritain (1969) 1178 percent Spirit ofst Louis (1957) and The Great Waldo Pepper (1975) each with 859 percent Those Magnificent Men in Their Flying Machines (1965) 715 percent The Flight of the Phoenix (1965) 518 percent and The High and the Mighty (1954) 408 percent

During EAA AirVenture Osh kosh 2007 attendees can watch Top Gun which also stars Kelly McGillis Va l Kilmer Anthony Edwards and Tom Skerritt on the large outdoor screen at the EAA Fly-In Theater presented by Ford Motor Company and Eclipse Aviation (Date to be annou nced soon at wwwAirVentureorg)

Other movies to be shown this year at the EAA Fly-In Theater include Spirit ofst Louis Flying Tigers Wings Thirty Seconds Over Tokyo Apollo 13 and Twelve OClock High

The EAA Fly-In Theater is located adjacent to EAAs Camp Scholler and is open each evening (weather permitshyting) from Sunday July 22 through Saturday July 28 The walk-in theater is reminiscent of the famo us driveshyin theaters of the past complete with popcorn There is no admission

We were saddened to hear of the

deaths of Doug and Sharon 8eechel

of Cotter Arkansas on April 22

Doug and Sharon perished in the

crash of their Murphy Moose as

they attempted to land at their home

airport next to the White River

A longtime VAA member Doug

was active in both vintage and

homebuilt aircraft circles and enshy

joyed flying his Moose and Aeronca

Champ Always ready with a gleam

in his eye and an offer of something

cool to drink he and Sharon were

gracious hosts to the many guests

who stopped by the Moose at a flyshy

in We ll miss them greatly

charge fo r the theater which is open to all AirVenture guests Each eveshynings show begins at approximately 830 pm with an in troduction by a celebrity presenter fo llowed by a classic aviation fi lm at about 9 p m shown on a pro jection screen meashysuring five stories high

EAA thanks everyon e wh o voted both in the initial Greatest Aviation Movie nominations and in the fina l web poll

EAA Praises FAA Proposal to Extend Duration of Ainnen Medical Certificates

The FAA plans to extend the durashytion of third-class medical certificates from three years to five years and firstshyclass medicals from six months to a year for pilots under age 40 This action will help to make more resources availshyable for oth er pressing medical certishyfication processes such as th ird-class special issuance medical certificates

Marion Blakey first mentioned the

proposa l last year during her Meet the Administ ra tor session at EAA AirVenture EAA whose Aeromedical Advisory Council works continually with the FAA to remove medical certishyfication barriers has been highly supshyportive of this effort

Period ic medica l examination is of certain value but no t many sign ificant conditions are discovshyered on ro utine examinations on pilo ts below age 40 said Council Chairman Dr Jack Hastings This cha n ge wi ll hopefu ll y allow the Aerom edical Certification Division to d evote grea t er time and atten shyt ion t o problem aeromedica l cershytifications and achieve the goal of timely decisions

FAA estimates that 175000 fewer fi rst class certifica t es and 90000 fewer third-class certificates would be renewed over 10 years resulting in a cost savings to airmen estimated at $85 million

EAA Urges Aircraft Buyers to Make Sure Autofuel STCs Are Legit

EAA has learned of several recent in stances where aircraft sellers have attempted to pass their aircraft off as having an autofuel supplementary type certificate (STC) without the reshyquired documentation

EAA and Peterson Aviation are the only organ izations that have issued autofuel STCs and placards since the program began in the early 1980s EAA advises would-be aircraft buyers to make sure any aircraft purported to have an autofuel STC indeed has one

Contact Petersen Aviation through wwwAutoFueISTCcom e-mail EAA at dwalkereaaorg or call 920-426-4843 to see if the records are on fi le Also check to see if the aircraft has placards on the wings next to the fuel inlets If there are no placards its possible that someone fraudulently used a copy of an STC or has misrepresented the airshycraft to a potential buyer

An autofuel STC can save you a lot of money over the years and can add to the value of your aircraft when you want to sell

continued on page 32

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 3

The Sun n Fun Fly-In is a great way to shake off the winter blahs and jumpstart the summer flying seashyson If you re a northerner like I am by the time baseball season starts youre more than ready to peel off a sweatshirt or two and fly in shirtsleeves Sun n Fun is all about that attitude fly in relax enjoy visiting with your friends and soak in a good dose of Vitamin Av vitamin Aviation that is

The vintage aircraft area overseen by the fine folks of VAA Chapter 1 was filled with a mix of familiar alushyminum and tube and fabric friends as well as a basket full of one-of-a kind airplanes including a rare Travel Air lOB and Saab 91 Safir Tucked back the corner near the trees was an equally rare Bucker Bestmann a pretty low-wing German training aircraft And how about Dean Tilton who along with his friends Dusty and Todd Rhode have not one but two of the rare Arrow Sport biplanes Cap off the week with a fine picnic on the lawn in front of the Vintage Aircraft Headquarters and you have the makings of a great week to start the 2007 fly-in season Lets see both the people and airplanes we enjoyed seeing during Sun n Fun 2007

The seaplane base moved this year from the city park to apoint on the southwest side of lake Parker The new location gave the spectators outstanding views of the take-off and spot landing competitions including this takeoff drag race between apair of SeaBees Despite what you see here eventually the yellow Seabee flown by Bill Bardin won this round

JUNE 2007 4

Lew lIakds Aeronca 7AC ChcInp has been neatly restored with His custom color scheme Lews Champ took home the top Classic hp category (0-100 hp) award

Idont know of too many people who dont subconsciously hold their breath each time they see this done Thankfully the three professionals performing this ac~ John Mohr in the Stearman Todd Green (the stuotman) and Roger Buis Otto the helicopters pilo~ perform this act regularly and are exceptionally proficient The Untied Team performed their act during the daily air show

RIGHT Basically restored by Richard Blazer Tullahoma Tennessee this Taylorcrafts new owner Dick Lawrence of

Pensacola Florida has been busy tweaking this 1946 model Dicks Taylorcraft was selected as one of the top category award

winners at Sun nFun Tom Ramsey Julie~ Tennessee lost his hangar and sold the restored Taylorcrafl

HG FRAUTSCHY

The Arrow Sport biplane is one of the few openshycockpit airplanes built with side-by-side seating and few of this make remain But here are two of them restored by Dean lilton and his wife Christine (far right) From left to righ~ we have the owners of the newest Arrow Sport restoration NC9327 Todd Willie and Dusty Rhode with the Rhodes grandson Kyle in the cockpit

LEFT Now heres asound you dont hear too often in the vintage parking area---piper Stan Berry of Williston Florida serenaded us and instantly drew an appreciative crowd as he played while the sun set below the trees

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 5

The pudgy litHe Stinson 10 may be abit on the rare side but irs just so cute you cant help stop and watch as it taxis by This example is owned by Julian Thomas of NiceviHe Rorida

Good thing those bullet holes are painted on

Chuck Story brought this nice post-war Aeronca llAC Chief mounted on apair of Edo 1400 floats HG FRAUTSCHY PHOTOS

Chucks from Haslett Michigan

Dan Tubbs Taylorcraft looks as crisp and clean as a southern gentlemans summer white seersucker suil Dan hailsfrom AltamontTennessee

JUNE 2007 6

Left Jeff and Suzette Deaton in the proud owners of this outstanding customized 1954 BeedJcraft Bonanza Always among the top airplanes at any event in which it is shown the Beech won the top Classic category prize at this years Sun n FIHI Jeff and Suzette brought their son Blake age 5 along for his first camping Sun n fun adventure where he channed us all

BELOW One of the very rare airplanes on display duro ing this years kick off to the fly-in season was this CzechshybuiH Bucker Bul8l Bestmann owned and flown by Richard Epton of Brooks Georgia Winner of the Most Unique Classhysic aircraft award well have afeature story on this 1949 low-wing trainer in afuture issue of Vmtage Airplane

Willie Ropp now 95 years young (inset) reshystored this 1933 Travel Air CW seaplane nearly two deshycades ago and its still going I

strong Based at Browns Seaplane Base in Winter Haven Rorida it was flown during the seaplane fly-in by Willies daughter Belle

HG FRAUTSCHY PHOTOS

Sometimes you just need to use the transportation you have to get your newfound treasures back to your car

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 7

The Grand Champion Antique award was presented to Less Whittlesleys 1939 Lockheed 12A Electra Jr which was also the Antique Grand Champion at last years AirVenture Oshkosh 2006

RIGHT Unless youre awor1d traveler whos been to Europe its unlikely youve ever actually seen the Saab Safir 91 alow-wing trainer built by the automobileairshycraft manufacturer Lars De Jounge who now hails from Vero Beach Florida has lovingly restored this example which was presented with an Outstanding in Type award Lars tells us he plans on bringing the airplane to EAA AirVenture Oshkosh 2007

One more time The Luscombe Silvaire Aircraft Company (also known as Renaissance Aircraft) is now located on the Historic Flabob Airport in Riverside Califorshynia The company is planning to produce the venerable Luscombe Silvaire as their model LSA-8 powered by the newly available Continental 0-200 engine

wwwluscombemiddotsilvairecom JUN E 2007 8

Some folks think the Franklin 6A4-165-B3 engine was afactory option at the Aeronca factory for the 15AC Sedan it was no~ as the original STC was issued to Maine Air Service It certainly adds just a litHe more oomph to the performance of this fine 4-place airplane as owner Don Wilson can attesl Wilsons recent beautiful restoration which features seaplane door conversions and the very handy STCd fueling steps supplied by Burls Aircraft Rebuild of Chugiak Alaska Burl holds the Type Certificate for the Sedan and has been steadily adding to the available parts list

___~~~_ __~ for the Sedan

HG FRAUTSCHY PHOTOS

RIGHT William Sharpe from nearby Tampa Florida brought his 1962 Mooney M20C over to Sun nFun for aday or so

Even an altercation with a runway logging truck couldnt keep restorer Gorgeous weather was the norm for nearly every day during this years Sun nFun

and the annual picnic for the Vintage Aircraft area hosted by VAA Chapter 1(Florida Sport Aviation Antique and Classic Association-FSAACA) is always abig hit with the Vintage crowd as you can see by the nearly standingmiddotroom only crowd

VINTAG E AIRPLANE

pilot Jeff Smith of Asheboro North Carolina from Sun nFun with his brilmiddot liant restoration of his 125 hp Temco Globe Swift First purchased by Smith in 1996 hes carefully been restoring and polishing the essentially stock airmiddot plane for the past decade creating abeautiful showplane

9

Bill Scott of Springhill Florida restored his Stinson 108-3 with no intentions of selling it but the new owner Jim Gibson from Polk City FL worked on him for several years before he finally gave in_

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One of tile Inmdreds of volunteers on hand to help put on tile annual spring migration to Florida Bill Wedlund of Jacksonville Florida gives the stop signal to Kennit Sutton of Naples Florida as Kennit taxis in with his turbine DeHavilland Beaver conversion

Ron Haynes brought his lovely Piper Cub to Sun nFun from New Port Richey Florida Parked near the emergency aircraft repair building (thats afork lift behind the Cub) Rons Cub looked like just the ticket for enjoying the Florida air with the window and door open

Kent Pietschs 1942 S-l Interstate Cadet is flown in airshows all over the world (in January he flew in the AI Ain Aerobatic Show at Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates) and is now decorated in the colors of his new sponsor Jelly Belly jellybeans

10 JUNE 2007

An earty Model TA hydro in the air Note the tubular wing tip floats

The story of the Thomas-Morse Aircraft Corporation Part II

BY AL K ELCH

PHOTOS FROM THE WILLIAM T THOMAS JR COLLECTION VIA ROBERT G ELLIOTT

Preface two-part story in two 1960 issues of American Airman exshy1982-The following three-part article on the Thomasshy tensively researched by Frank Strand with a great deal oforigishy

Morse Aircraft Corp although extensively edited and further nal contact with William Thomas Sr researched by me should be credited to Robert C Elliott of Frank had permission to use all ofthe material he had gathshyDaytona Beach Florida who sought out William T Thomas ered to put together one more article specially tailored for VinshyIr still living in Daytona Beach Mr Thomas generously tage Airplane magazine on the Tommy-Morse Scout of World shared pictures and recollections of his father plus some mashy War I fame For the real Tommy buffs it would pay to seek out terial from the personal collections of Paul D Wison one of his extensive two-part story in the American Airman for lune the three original test pilots Robert submitted to me fresh mashy and luly 1960 Frank also did Profile No 68 published by Proshyterial on the earlier portions of the Thomas airplane venture file Publications Ltd PO Box 26 1A North St Leatherhead On researching several older articles I zeroed in on a wonderful Surrey England

In 1913-1914 the attention of the Thomas Aeroplane Company was turned to the development of flying boats following the similar course of Glenn Curtiss The first machine was quite crude with a wooden hull and the top deck covered with canvas powered with a six-cylinder 90-hp

Austro-Daimler engine The developshyment of this phase of Thomas flying boats went through some sleek mashyhogany-hulled versions on to develop the first metal-hulled hydroplane in America Along with the flying boats several interesting types developed including a two-place version of the

same airplane both powered by 90shyhp Austro-Daimler engines In adshydition a single-place monoplane reminiscent of the Bleriot was flown using a 40-hp Maxi-motor This Thomas monoplane proved unsuitshyable for exhibition work

It was about this time another Mr REPRINTED FROM Vintage Airplane AUGUST 1982

VI NTAGE AIRPLANE 11

An early Thomas tractor hydroplane with single float and wing tip floats

Riglrt-side view of a 1916 hydroplane two-place Model B-3 Austro-Daimler powered

A much earlier Thomas hydroplane with a 90-hp Austro-Daimler engine The forward section of the hull had a fabric cover to furnish protection from the spray

With a 90-hp Austro Austro-Daimshyler engine this metal-hulled Thomas hydroplanes fuel tank was located on top of a wing

~ t J 4 bull i

bull

~r -9shy bull r 0middot -

12 J U NE 2007

Two Guns White Cap chief of the Blackfoot Indians with pilot Ralph Brown WT Thomas at right The Inmiddot dian brought the whole tribal family to witness the flight Once off the water the chief let out a war whoop to let evmiddot eryone know he was quite pleased

The Brindley Street plant in Ithaca New York about 1915 where the Tmiddot2 and Dmiddot2 tractor planes were built

Thomas was due to be added to the company This gentleman had no relation to the founders of the comshypany but he was destined to change and influence the companys direcshytion substantially Mr B Douglas Thomas became the chief engineer and airplane designer He had an exshycellent aircraft background having previously worked as assistant airshycraft deSigner for Vickers Ltd and later Sopwith Aviation Through simshyilar circumstance he also worked for Glenn Curtiss where he assisted in designing the famous Curtiss Model J tractor and the famous Jenny He also took part with Lt Porte in designing the America the first multiple-engine flying boat built for the purpose of transatlantic flight

Upon being employed by the Thomas Bros Airplane Co B Dougshylas Thomas designed its first successshyful tractor biplane The model was deSignated T-2 and was similar to the Model J Curtiss except for the addi-

Morris Chain Co Ithaca New York a subsidiary of BorgmiddotWarner where WT Thomas eventually merged his interests Mr Morris owned controlmiddot ling interest with WT Thomas as vice president

VINTAGE AIRPLA NE 13

The board room group disshycussing aircraft business Left to right Harold Bliss BD Thomas GeorgeAbel Jerome Freed Mr Morris W T Thomas Raymond Ware BD Thomas was no relation to WT Thomas

Employees of the Thomas Brothers Aeroplane Co Ithaca New York Brindley Street plant

H might be Frank Burn-side standing beside the large trainer at the Thomas School of Aviation near Hhaca New York Note that the ailerons were emshyployed up top wing only Exshyhaust stacks rose from the top of the engine and were attached to pipe which wrapped around both sides of the fuselage WT Thomas flying school was the first Board of Regents Chartered Aviation School in New York State This plane was possishybly a Model 02

14 JUNE 2007

Side profile of an assemshybled Thomas Aero Motor The hand crank was preshy

ferred to swinging the prop on a geared ltwo-to-one)

engine Note the individual cylinder primers beside

spark plugs

tion of two nose skids and the 90-hp Austro-Daimler engine It had a top speed of 83 mph and could climb 3800 feet in 10 minutes carrying a lOOO-pound load The performance of this machine added to the prestige of the companys having hired a new deshySigner and resulted in an order from the British Adshymiralty for 24 Model T-2 airplanes its first sizable order

Wit h two pre v i 0 u s One of 15 Model SH-4 hydroplanes built by Thomas-Morse for the US Navy in about 1916 It moves from Hornell New York and Bath New York

was powered with a 149-hp Sturtevant engine

the brothers looked for a new locashy signed and built a 135-hp geared commissioned in the Royal Flying tion in which to expand Ithaca New engine with the help of designers Corps This brought a number of pishyYork at the southern end of Cayuga GeorgeAbel and Harold Bliss also two lots to the shores of Cayuga Lake as Lake was a natural choice with flat of the founders of this new division World War I gained intensity fields for takeoff and landing and a In 1915 two seaplanes designated The expansion and all of the activishy40-mile-long lake constituting an SH-4 and SH-5 were built for the ties had put considerable financial strain ideal seaplane or flying boat test area Navy and the D-5 tractor plane was on the Thomas companies A refinancshyThis coupled with the cold-weather developed for the Signal Corps Furshy ing was accomplished by merging the ability to fly from the ice resulted in ther development in 1916 resulted in airplane and engine division with the an ideal location production of the SH-4 seaplane and flying school then merging with the

Shortly after the move to Ithaca IS were built for the US Navy Morse Chain Co of Ithaca New York BD Thomas designed a new model With the prestige of not only an Thus the final name that is so wellshytheD-2 tractor biplane This was the airplane company but also a moshy known Thomas-Morse Aircraft Corp first use of the new Thomas entershy tor company and a flying school was born January 31 1917 in time to prise which was to build its own enshy The Thomas School of Aviation was build the famous World War I fighters gines This auxiliary company called picked by the Canadian government To be concluded in next months The Thomas Air Motor Co had de- for pilots who would train to become issue of Vintage Airplane

V I N T AGE AI RPLA NE 15

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bull SIAIWel uO~lnod all~

There seems to be two distinctly different types of people in the world of little airplanes those who love and adore the Aeronca Chief and those who wouldnt know an Aeronca Chief if they found it floating in their coffee Its not a question of liking it or disliking it because its one of those airplanes that has such a low recognition factor that a relatively

small percentage of the pilot popushylation even knows it exists In some ways thats a good thing because it has helped keep the prices down for those who want a Chief of their own One of those is Danny Poulton of Belshyton South Carolina

The Poultons Chief is not your avshyerage Chief Were all used to seeing the 11AC (65 hp) or the 11CC (85 hp)

-the postwar Super Chief-but theirs is an lIBe Were not sure it ever carshyried a name but maybe we should call it the Not-Quite-Super-Chief It came out of the factory in 1947 with a C8S-8 which meant no provisions for a starter Not a normal one anyway It had a McDowell starter which was a combination of ratcheted sprockets and a lever that worked very much like the pull starter on a lawn mower with the cable going back to a hanshydle in the cockpit By the time Danny bought the airplane as a project in Michigan the starter had long since disappeared In fact everything fireshywall-forward had disappeared But were getting ahead of ourselves

Danny had owned a number of airplanes in the past and in fact had learned to fly while he was still in high school

We had aviation on my moms side of the family he says My unshycle was an airframe and powerplant mechanic (AampP) and a fUll -time corshyporate pilot and he encouraged me

He progressed through a number of airplanes most of them some varishyation of the Piper PA-28 line includshying an Arrow although a 63 C-l72 did follow him home one day

I met Donna and aviation beshycame part of our life he says In fact we were married in a 421 Cessna at five thousand feet over Anderson South Carolina

Danny didnt get into vintage airshyplanes until four years ago with the Chief It was a form of therapy because he was on a crusade to lose weight

I had let myself balloon up to 460 pounds and if I was going to live I had to lose the weight I had two sons Dale and JD and a wonderful wife and I didnt want to lose all of that just beshycause I was overweight So I started looking for an airplane to rebuild as a way to keep myself busy We live on an airpark and we had a great guy Gene Richburg living just down the runshyway from us He was 82 years old at the time and knew everything there was to know about rebuilding airplanes and he volunteered to help me

So Danny launched on two projshyects at the same time both of them

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 17

Danny Poulton holds open the top cowl to reveal the Continental C-SS installation It appears Danny has decided not to trust his Chief mechanical fuel gauges which are known to be troublesome and is using an old standby the wire and cork float gauge so common prior to World War II

In keeping with the restrained nature of Dannys customized Chief a few nice touches such as the upholstered side panels and polished control wheel caps brighten up the otherwise original-looking cabin Look closely and you can see the toe brake pedals on the pilots side of the cockpit Those pedals are seen only on the UBC UCC and lSAC Sedan

The tubular structure of the landing gear is covered with an aluminum fairshying leading to a nicely finished pair of replica fiberglass wheelpants The small cable attached to the trailing edge of the landing gear is a safety cable It was originally installed in case of a failshyure of the originally installed phenolic piston within the oleo strut Later after an airworthiness directive (47-20-02) and Aeronca Service Helps and Hints No 12 required changing the phenoshylic part to one made of aluminum the need for the cable was negated but most owners keep it just in case

monumental The first was to lose weight and the second to find a projshyect that fit his goals and skill levels

I didnt look long and actually found the Chief on eBay It belonged to an AampP in Michigan who had started to rebuild it and then decided to put it up for sale I hadnt done anything like this before so I was reshyally not sure of what I was doing but I hooked up my trailer and headed up to Michigan to buy the Chief That was in July of 2003

What he saw when he got to Michshyigan was enough to encourage him so he loaded it up and brought it back to South Carolina As is always the case however he wouldnt really know what he had until he did a thorshyough inventory back home

The large dorsal fin on the llBC Chief (also used on the UCC) makes identifishycation of the higher-horsepower Chiefs a bit easier

18 JUNE 2007

When we unloaded at home Gene came over and we spread the entire collecshytion of stuff out to see what was missing and what kind of work was going to be needed In general the airshyframe was actually in great shape because the AampP

had already started workshying on it and had finished the major compon ents The wings were more or less complete and fini shed

and the work was beautiful About all th ey needed were the leading edges and to be covered

The fuselag e tubing had been cleaned and painted and most of the fuselage wood was usable too Part of the airplanes condition is probshyably because it had only 400 hours on it and had spent most of its life stored inside somewhere We dont have much of the airplane s history but you could see by looking at the wood and steel that it hadnt been left outside to rot like so many Chiefs have been

When we were done inventorying it we found a lot of missing or unusshyable stuff that I hadn t noticed when picking it up It had no tail wheel or wing struts and the doors were not only the wrong doors but were badly crushed There were no control yokes and all of the logos were missing Same thing for all of the interior upshyholstery boards Plus there was esshysentially nothing firewall-forward I

Its still easy for most of those who h ave restored airplanes to rememshyber what it was like in the days beshyfore computers The dozens of trips to fly-markets the phone calls and the constant surveillance of Trade-ashyPlane were not only aggravating but added a huge amount of time to finshyishing the project Danny came into the Vintage world PC post computer so he was able to take full advantage of cyber searching for parts

Besides buying the airplane on eBay that service proved to be a tershyrific source for some of the rarer parts I needed Among other things thats

Whats in a Model Number By HG Frautschy

The differences between the llBC Chief and the llCC Super Chief are tough to spot but in todays sport pilot market one distinction can spell the

difference between flying one and just owning one

Both airplanes are powered by the Continental C85-8 and both came equipped with the rather clever McDowell starter The McDowell was vilified by

some as being a cheap substitute for an electrical starter but having had one

for years on my Super Chief Id have to say it s one of the neatest inventions

added to the postwar lightplane If treated with respect and used in the way the manufacturer intended it worked perfectly It did have one design weakness

that could have been easily solved but it didnt last long enough on the market to make it that far

The McDowell was activated using a cable with a ball swaged on the end

Because of the way the ball and cable were retained in the starters pulley

sheave the cable would fray and then break just below the ball or an overly

enthusiastic pull on the starter cable would pull the ball right off the end If Mcshy

Dowell had used a small fitting inside the sheeve to allow for a straight pull on

the cable (and if the cable had a ball and shank swaged fitting) Im convinced the McDowell would have been much more popular

It allowed for a lightweight starter to be installed on an airplane intended to be flown by casual travelers who were interested in ease of use and safety

It allowed my wife and her instructor both petite women to independently fly

the airplane without requiring a flip of the prop by someone else As long as

the engine was in good tune and one could reasonably expect the airplane to start when the impulse magneto fired the McDowell was a great way to pul l

the prop through safely

The 11BC and 11CC interiors were similar with a slight edge going to the

llCC for a few interior appointments added to enhance the automobile-like

feel to the cockpit Hap Granier the designer of the interior of all three postwar Aeroncas worked his magic on the Chiefs to give them a small sedan or coupe

feeling Bedford whipcord upholstery and side panels the zebrawood pattern wood-gra in-printed instrument panel and control wheels instead of control

sticks all contributed to that atmosphere

Both the 11CC and 11BC featured a large dorsal fin but the 11CC had a

different elevator stabilizer configuration That fact is sometimes lost on reshy

storers and aircraft modifiers who incorrectly (and illegally) put the earlier

11AC or llBC stab elevator combination on an llCC The 11CC has an aeroshy

dynamically balanced elevator designed to meet the hands-off gliding speed requirements of the then-new CAR 03 regulations Aeronca also had the llCC

certified in the Utility category as well as the Normal category with maximum gross weights of 1 290 and 1 350 pounds respectively That right there is a major difference in the airplanes as they are viewed in the market today The 11BC with a maximum gross weight of 1250 pounds is sport pilot eligible

while the llCC by virtue of its 1350 weight is not Interestingly a few llCC additions made it into the llBC as well Both

Chiefs as well as the four-place Aeronca Sedan shared the same rudder brake pedals with toe brakes instead of the heel brakes seen on the Champ Both feature flight characteristics similar to the Champ with the Chiefs having

the edge when it comes to cross-country flights With a 70-pound baggage alshylowance and up to 23 gallons of fuel on board the Chief is a great traveling machine if you re not in a hurry But when you re flying something as pretty as

a Chief whos in a big hurry

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 1 9

BONNIE KRATZ

He Danny Poultons Aeronca Chief features a custom color scheme that is reminiscent of the original decoration composed by Hap Granier for Aeroncas4012E side-by-side personal airplane

where I~gOt~t~h~e~iiiiiiiiiiibullbullbullbull con- trol yoke covers with the Aeronca logos the ashshytrays the bezels and the air box for the cabin heat I even found the pishytot tube and hand brake on eBay If I would have had to physically search for all of that stuff Id probably still be looking

Wag-Aero came to the rescue in supplying the struts and wing leadshying edges

III was able to use most of the origishynal boot cowl but the original noseshybowl was really bad and was cut for the McDowell starter so I used an STCd fiberglass replacement If I find a good original I may change that

11Th is airplane came out of the facshytory with toe brakes which were with the airplane and I stayed with the mechanical brakes and just installed new pads You dont really need

20 JUNE 2007

brakes on the airshyplane for anything so they work just fine

Danny was planning on flying the airplane a lot and added a venturi so he could run an artificial horizon and added air vent holes

When we were doing the inteshyrior there was no kit available for the headliner so a neighbor Phyllis Dalshyton sewed one up using the original material found on Chiefs That was really tedious Then I made the side panels and covered them with Airtex fabric and had to fabricate a new bagshygage door and make the boards for the seats

The panel had already been cleaned so the wood grain was gone but I decided not to try to put it on I did however make two metal glove

compartments for it The sliding windows were

original to the airplane but the polished prop isnt I just thought it looked betshyter polished

When the airframe was done and ready to be covered Danny went with Poly-Fiber and shot it with Aeroshythane but not in the original colshyors or scheme

IIAirtex had some sample seat covers for the airplane that were inexpensive so I bought them and had the paint mixed to go with the seat covers Also the paint stripes arent original They

mimic the factory scheme but arent exact I should also mention that I had some help with the fabric from Larry and Phyllis Dalton who helped cover the airplane This was my first time and they made it easy

Since Danny had no engine he was starting from scratch in that area The original was a C8S-8 but with his papaerwork he found a Supplemental Type Certificate (STC) that opened interesting new avenues

There was part of an STC in our paperwork that would let me install a -12 engine and that would allow me to have an electric starter which I reshyally wanted The problem was that the STC wasnt complete Plus the -8 mount is

than the shy12 so its not

a plug-andshyplay

change and I

expected some problems

getting the papershywork straightened out

I called the Atshylanta Flight Stanshydards District Office and really

lucked out The Coshylumbia Federal Aviashy

tion Agency (FAA) field examiner came out looked the airplane over and said hed be happy to clean up the paperwork and submit it to Atlanta for me What I thought was going to be a problem turned out to be quite easy

Unfortunately Danny found out that things dont always go easy when restoring an airplane and his headaches came in the form of his first engine

I had two sons

Dale and lD

and a wonderful

wife and 1 didnt

want to lose all of

that just because

1 was overweight

So 1 started

looking for an

airplane to rebuild

as a way to keep

myself busy

I bought a C8S-12 that had been overhauled I had flown it for about 22 hours when one cylinder lost a lot of compression so we pulled the jug When we got inside we found that the rod was just banging around in there and was loose on the crank When we split the case we found the crank was badly scored and a lot of metal had gone through the engine so I had to find another one

The second engine was freshly overhauled by an FAA-certified shop

in 2000 after a prop strike The guy I bought it from was building a homebuilt and

was afraid that the engine was going to sit too long before his

project was completed so he sold it Everything checked out to be perfect and it has been humming along with no problems since day one

We flew the airplane for the first time July I 2006 and I had a local pilot Gary Dalton do the test hop I dont mind telling you that I was nershyvous watching it When I flew it for the first time I had only 10 hours of tailshywheel time Id logged while getting my tail wheel endorsement I was a little nervous then too but everything went beautifully When we flew it it was alshymost exactly three years to the day that we unloaded it from the trailer

When I started I guess I became a little compulsive about working on it Id eat in the hangar work until 10 or 11 every night and sometimes Id wake up in the middle of the night and go out and work on it When Id get home from church on Sunday Id change clothes and go out and get something done Im glad I did it that way because it really helped me with the other problem

In the process of restoring his Chief Danny met several goals The first was finishing and flying his own Chief but the second and more imshyportant was taking control of his life From the time he started the Chief to the time he flew it he lost 230 pounds and added no telling how many years to his life Most people have difficulty committing to just finishing an airshyplane so Danny is to be congratushylated for two jobs well done ~

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 21

~The Bmiddot thof

Creating a classic design BY CHESTER L PEEK PHD

Could you in three months time design and build a new light plane without tools or factory and with very little money Impossible you say But that is just what eG Tayshylor did in the spring of 1936 when he introduced the legendary Taylorshycraft to the aviation world Heres the story

In the last week of December 1935 eG Taylor was confined to his bed ill and completely discourshy

aged Days before he and Bill Piper Hangar at Butler Pennsylvania 1936 Still in use today had signed a legal document that dissolved their troubled partnership For Taylors share of the Taylor Cub company (which was in debt more than $90000) he received approximately $5000 to be paid out in small installments over three years

Byron Shinn knew Taylor well both as a customer and friend In a 1991 letter he describes Taylors situashytion and subsequent events

Back in the 1930s we had a small manufacturing comshypany located in one of the hangars on the Butler Pennsylvashynia airport called The Shinn Devices Company We made aluminum wheels for aircraft 4 bead diameter 700X4 tire and at that time sold them to most of the light aircraft manshyufacturers including the Taylor and Piper organization in Bradford Pennsylvania We had a quite complete machine shop and engineering design business I remember how Taylorcraft got started One very cold winter day probably in December 1935 I drove up to see Taylor in Bradford The roads were terrible ice coated and I almost had several acshycidents When I got there I found Taylor sick in bed and in a very discouraged frame of mind He had just been kicked out of his company by Piper and had little or no money or employment I told him with his abilities as an aircraft deshysigner and builder that he should certainly try to get back in the business and offered to help if I could

I went back to Butler and contacted D Bar Peat who was a promoter a very nice fellow who was running the Butler

Ken SchoHer about 1980 airport I asked if he could raise some money to start Tayshy22 JUNE 2007

TAYLORCRAFT BY C 6 TAYLOR PlmBUR6H-BUTLER AIRPORT BunER PA

STABLE FAST A NEW LIGHT PLANE ECONOMICAL LOWPRICED

First Taylorcraft ad February 1936 Aero Digest

First Taylorcraft specifications Photo is of a model

during the

Depression

you NEVER

left a job

Yet these men

deeply loyal

to Taylor

came with him

to this chancy

new venture Byron Shinn about 1936

TAYLORCRAFT Model A

ATe pendingB_ Span 36 (11 m) Length 22 (67 m) Heicht 6 8 (21 m) Wm area 169 fLgt (156 ml) Power Ioodiaa 2IS IbsJhp (118 kcJho) WioJ Ioadma 58 1bbullJIt (293 kcl) Weicht empty 570 Ibs (259 kg) U falload 420 Ibs (190 kc) Payload 181 lbo (82 kcl Gr weiht m lbo (449kcr Bant I Ibs (5 kg) Fuel 10 gals

~L~~L11t1iLk hp

~~~gtam~~hm~~49 kph) l~ mph (51h ) Semlte laquoiliaC 101000 ft (4260 m) imb per min 400 It (122 tn) Cruig rang 210 mi (371 1aD) ~ F welded eel tubg four JODIeIODS of proareqjve diameters wood faired and fabric conrcd removable maine mouat j streued fot SO hp installamiddot tion Wg two paDdJ bolted to fuselafefabric _ ~ oectioo With eJlipticalJy rOUDded tips JOlid apruce JPlrs

Zplace ATC

metal ribs fabricated from drawn NicraJ secshytions sinclc drag wire bracinc built-up metal frame ailerons fabric COYered and of the balanced type with DO exposed horns

=r~~brTc ~~ai~~~wd~ removable fin elentor and stabiliurs inshyterlthanaeable right or IefL Landing rear =evbsor~ closed~~~es color ocJlulosc finish with trim Two-place flex-wine seat 39 inches ide--by-lide cabin fabric lined and fire-wall sound proofed all control cables and fittinp in the cabin are fully enclosed Baggag compartment 6- X 9- X w- back of seaL

~~6oo-~~bS~ wbeds DuPont Pluticell 1rindJhield rulr her mounted illltrument pampDe1 ~ Aeromarinc altimeter U S 011

~~itfra~~ pass or other instnunmts extra

Carlson and Harold White who were engineers Ken Tibbits and Les Salshychow Parks College graduates along with mechanics Colby Carpenter and William Crawford All these men had good secure jobs with Piper and durshying the Depression you NEVER left a job Yet these men deeply loyal to Taylor came with him to this chancy new venture All would eventually rise to responsible executive posishytions with Taylorcraft

Ken Scholter a local mechanic was hired as a welder Contemposhyrary reports credit him with most of the welding on the new plane Forshytunately he was also an amateur photographer and documented the building process on film He furshynished most of the photos shown in this article

Shinn resumes I When Taylor came to Butler he had very little money we all had very little money at that time I believe he got a small settlement from Piper for his share of the Cub company This was in the depths of the Depresshysion We doled the money out a few dolshylars at a time and started to build the first plane We used our machine shop to make the draw bench to make the rib parts and to make most of the parts jigs and dies that required machining

An engineering department was set up I hired a draftsman when Ray Carlshyson moved down from Bradford Tayshylor and the mechanics would make the parts and then the draftsman would

lor up again in the airplane business He along with Col make the drawings We designed a new wheel for the plane Breckenridge and some others did raise a little money about lightweight and very strong being constructed of an alumishy$1000 as I recall enough to include the building of the jigs num stamping fastened to a cast aluminum end rim Tayshyand fixtures and the first plane We moved Taylor and his lor and I also developed the new tapered axle which was family to Butler rented him a house and started work in a lighter and less costly A new Goodrich tire size 600 x 6 vacant hangar on the Butler airport SeveraL of Taylors men was used from Bradford came with him II The plane was designed and built during the first four

Actually six key Bradford employees left Piper and to five months of 1936 This must have been some sort of joined Taylor in the new enterprise They were Ray record When the plane was finished the test pilot Tibbits

VINTA GE A IR PLANE 23

One day we came to work

to find trucks backed up

to the hangar and Taylor

hauling away all the

Taylorcraft parts Batch of Shinn 800 x 4 wheelsjigs and fixtures

started the test flights First he taxied the plane up and down the runway then flew it the length of the runway just off the ground then made flights a bit higher and finally made circuits The plane flew very well but would not stall The CAA required proper recovery from a stall so Taylor worked on the horizontal tail surfaces so that a stall could be induced and the plane passed the CAA tests

Taylor was a design genius The CAA had just released a new-design wing curve and Taylor was the first I

ffi believe to use it The wing curve was ~ ~ faster and had a soft stall ~ This was the NACA 23012 airfoil z ~ Taylor once told the author that in

Fuselage structure 1935 he built a set of wings for the Cub using that airfoil but Piper veshytoed the change They were hanging on a wall when the Bradford factory burned in 1937

Shinn says I started an advertising campaign beginning with a very small ad in Aero Digest saying IISomething new is coming in Aviation The next ads told a little more People were very enthusiastic about the new plane It was much advanced over the Cub beshying faster with side-by-side seating and wheel controls Before long we had reshyceived down payments from over 50 customers $200 each as I recall This

ffi was due to correspondence with old ~ ~ Taylor Cub dealers and the Aero Dishy~ z gest ad In a 1992 interview Bob UJ

Taylor eGs son confirmed thisWing details He remembered his father waking

24 JUNE 2007

First A-40 run-up May 1936

him up one night in Butler and showing him $10000 in down payments

The first ad appeared in the February issue of Aero Digest and is shown on this page A later ad showed a photo of the plane but since no plane had been comshypleted at that time it was actually a snapshot of a model CG Taylor built on his kitchen table First the new trademark Taylorcraft was used but when Beechcraft threatened legal action claiming Taylorcraft sounded too much like Beechcraft the ads were changed to read Airplanes by GG Taylor However they resumed us-

CG Taylor and a Model ATaylorcraft 1936

ing the Taylorcraft name after sevshyeral months

Shinn continues D Bar Peat was always trying to promote the plane On Sundays they would put on an air show at the Butler airport and 200 to 300 people would atshytend Som e way he got the Taylorshycraft to lead the way when all the planes taxied by the grandstand at the Cleveland Air Races

Meanwhile in the hangar facshytory the prototype plane was beshying rushed to completion but not fast enough to suit Taylor He

once told the author I was away ~ from the plant for three days havshyo ~ ing given instructions to complete sect the engine mount When I returned

it was not done I hung the engine in the right place with a chain hoist we

cut the tubing to (it and it was done in an hour On May 1 the Continental A-40 engine SIN 635

was run up for the first time then on May 8 Taylor signed an application for an experimental certificate Only eight days later on Saturday May 16 CAA inshyspector RA Young witnessed the test flight and issued certificate X-16393 to the first Taylorcraft SIN 25 Apshyproximately three months had elapsed from the time construction was started until the new plane was airshyborne A remarkable achievement

It was a beautiful plane sleek and streamlined a far VINTAGE AIRPLANE 25

Test flight of the first Taylorcraft May 1936

1 rryen~~A1~~~ )~ ~- shyITS A - -=- (=- = --- I FAF

BEAUTY 51495middot00-----shy~GRACEFULLY CONTINENTAL

STREAMLINED - - _ MOTOR

C G TAYL O R bull PlttsburqhmiddotBuUer Airport bull Bu tler Penna

April 1936 ad in Aero Digest

cry from Taylors boxy square-cornered E-2 Cub With side-by-side seating and wheel controls it rivaled much larger more expensive planes such as the Waco and Stinson Weight had been kept to a minimum the proshytotype weighed only 570 pounds It was much faster than the Cub The first prospective customers who flew the plane verified the advertised cruising speed of 80 mph In a race with two locals an Aeronca C-3 and a Kinner Fleet the Taylorcraft won easily

The investors at Butler were elated With nearly 100 orders and down payments received for their new plane they envisioned a rapid production buildup and the prospects of a thriving profitable enterprise Their faith however had been misplaced

Shinn continues But unknown to D Bar Peat and me Taylor had been talking to others about financing and a place to manufacture the plane One day we came to work to find trucks backed up to the hangar and Taylor haulshying away all the Taylorcraft parts jigs and fixtures They moved to Alliance Ohio where they got one years free rent on a large old airplane factory financing and tax breaks D Bar Peat and I retained a lawyer to try to get back our inshyvestment eventually getting back some shares ofTaylorcraft 26 JUNE 2007

stock instead of money And Piper quit buying my wheels and switched to Hayes

Happily Taylor and Shinn soon put their legal difshyferences behind them and remained good friends and business associates for many years

Shinn was not alone in his disappointment when the unexpected move came Scholter was out of a job In 1992 he made this comment They left Butler owing me almost a months pay which I never got But they did give me a very nice letter of recommendation

The Alliance Review newspaper proudly announced the arrival of the new aircraft enterprise in its July 9 1936 edition But that is a story for another day

Authors note When researching my book The Taylorcraft Story in

1992 I was privileged to personally interview four prishymary information sources regarding the Butler Pennshysylvania events eG Taylor Bob Taylor Ken Scholter and Byron Shinn The history above was taken from those interviews and contemporary newspaper articles

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LIN COL N MERCURY

EXTRA The Butler Manufacturing Co NL-I3 biplane

The March 2007 Mystery Plane is the 1932 Butler Manufacturing Co NL-13 biplane designed by Albin Kasper Longren (sometimes simply reshyferred to as the Longren NL-13)

AK Longren had a very long and interesting aviation career Born in a log cabin near Clay Center Kansas in 1882 he was the one of 14 children born to Swedish immigrant homeshystead farmers Charles and Emma Lonshygren In 1901 he took a business course from the International Corresponshydence School (ICS) which he followed up with an ICS diploma in mechanical engineering from 1907-1911

Longrens interest in aviation beshygan with his observations of Henry L Call in 1908 Call originally a New York lawyer author and socialist had moved to Girard Kansas in February of 1908 in order to construct a large and ungainly flying machine powered by two 20-hp Curtiss B-4 engines Known as the Mayfly and The Chicken (among other colorful names) the airshycraft failed to fly despite modification Call enjoyed the support of the nashytional socialist newspaper An Appeal to Reason and constructed several aircraft under the aegis of The Aerial Navigashytion Company of America starting in 1908 before the company changed its name

Beginning in 1911 Call manushyfactured two-cylinder and fourshycylinder horizontally opposed air-cooled engines which h e marshyketed to would-be aviators through

28 JUNE 2007

BY WESLEY SMITH

advertisements (primarily in Aircraft and Fly magazines published by Alshyfred W Lawson of 1920 Lawson Airshyliner fame) The two-cylinder Call was rated at 45 hp and the four-cylshyinder engine was rated at 90 hp Call engines were among the first aircraft engine to be fitted with mufflers an individual muffler being attached to the exhaust port of each cylinder

With his brother EJ Longren and a mechanic named William Janeke Longren constructed a Curtiss-type pusher biplane in Topeka Kansas Beshygun in the summer of 1910 the Toshypeka I was not completed until the fall of 1911 Fitted with a 60-hp Hall-Scott A-2 a water-cooled V-8 the Topeka I became the first successful aircraft to be completed in the state of Kansas Longren made his first flight on Sepshytember 2 and on September 5 1911 he made two flights the first flight reaching about 225 feet in altitude and covering 15 miles and the secshyond reaching about 300 feet and covshyering six miles

Of course Longren was only one of numerous individuals who built Curtiss-type pushers Plans for early Herring-Curtiss machines were pubshylished in Aeronautics and other aviashytion periodicals as well as in books With some individual alterations many such aircraft were built in the United States prior to Americas entry into World War 1

At any rate Longren soon went into the exhibition business with

H Young renaming the Topeka I as the Dixie Flyer The words Dixie Flyer - AK Longren - Aviator were painted on the underside of the Topeka IDishyxie Flyers monoplane canard Between 1911 and 1914 Longren gave 1372 exhibition flights in Kansas Texas Oklahoma Nebraska and Colorado for the Young Aviation Co

In 1912 Longren built a second Curshytiss-type with a Hall-Scott A-2 This airshycraft incorporated the improvements Curtiss had made to his newer aircraft during 1911-1912 and in due course the mid-gap ailerons were moved to the trailing edges of the upper wing This aircraft was sold to Longrens forshymer student and friend Phil Billard who used it to give exhibition flights This aircraft sometimes known as the Topeka II was presented to the Kansas State Historical Society in 1938 where it still exists as a display

In the spring of 1914 Longren took time to marry Ms Dolly Trent Later that winter (1914-1915) Longren built his first entirely original aircraft design - a two-place tractor biplane again seshylecting the reliable Hall-Scott as the powerplant During an exhibition at the Dickson County Fair at Abilene on September 9 1915 the aircraft stalled on takeoff and was destroyed hitting an automobile that was leaving the fairshygrounds Longrens passenger was relashytively unscathed but Longren suffered a broken leg and several internal injuries

While recovering from his injushyries in early 1916 Longren with Phil

Billard began the construction of his fourth aircraft the Model G The Model G was a clean two-place tractor biplane with a strong resemblance to a Curtiss IN-4 In fact it was powered by a Curtiss OX-2 and was intended for sale to the warring European powers However only two were sold one to the Kansas National Guard the other being used for exhibition flights

Late in the year Longren built a small tractor biplane sometimes reshyferred to as the Longren Bus The conshystruction featured a three-ply wooden monocoque fuselage and was built for William Burt of Okmulgee Oklahoma A second machine was constructed for Lester Miller of Dallas Texas who inshytended to use the aircraft for aerobatic exhibitions By late 1917 Longren had moved on to another two-place design known as the Model H As in the case of the earlier Longren Bus the Model H used a wooden monocoque fuselage The Model H was powered by a Curshytiss 90-hp OX-5 engine unfortunately while on his way to Kansas City Misshysouri Longren suffered an engine failshyure near Wakarusa Kansas The aircraft was destroyed in a crash which proved fatal to a cow standing in the field in which Longren was forced down He was made to pay $10000 in restitution to the angry farmer After that interest in the Model H faded away

Late in 1917 Longren became involved with Frederick W Buck MD ME and applied for a posishytion as chief engineer with the Buck Aircraft and Munitions Co of Denshyver To what extent Longren became involved with Dr Buck is unknown Buck (a long with Elmer Sperry and later Charles F Kettering at DaytonshyWright) had plans to develop and sell an aerial torpedo - essentially a small 50-hp biplane cruise misshysile which was intended to fly on a preprogrammed course then shed its wings at the proper time and place depositing a bomb contained within the crude fuselage framework

Longrens career took another path after his debacle with the Model H After failing to establish a new airshycraft company in Overland Park Kansas Longren eventually took a

position at McCook Field as an airshycraft inspector The Great War had cost Longrens friend Phil Billard his life when he was killed in a flying accident while serving in Issoudun France Longrens position at McshyCook had allowed him the opportushynity to examine every domestic and foreign-built aircraft tested there unshytil the time of his departure in 1919 On June 17 1919 Longren formed the Longren Aircraft Corp in Topeka Kansas using a former woolen mill in the Oakland suburb as the site for the new corporation The first aircraft to come out of the plant was the rebuilt Model H now resurrected as the H-2 It is unclear as to how the H-2 differed from the earlier Model H but by midshy1920 Longren had gone in yet another direction with the construction of the two-place Model D-2 - a small aircraft powered by a three-cylinder Y conshyfiguration Lawrence Model B engine of 35-60 hp Within a year the D-2 had evolved to become the Longren Model AK Sport

Described in the pages of Aviashy

tion and Aerial Age Weekly (Volume 11 Number 12 Sept 291921 pages 336-337 and Volume 14 Numshyber 3 Sept 26 1921 pages 55-56 respectively) the two-place Longren Sport or Fibre Sport was a sensational design that incorporated the three-ply laminated wooden monocoque fuseshylage of the 1916 Longren Bus and the 1917 Model H and a set of folding biplane wings to facilitate storage It is unclear as to how the fuselage of the Sport may have differed from earshylier Longren monocoque construcshytion techniques if at all

However a 1925 Longren patent describes the use of diamond-shaped wood fibre shell (procured from the National Fibre Co) being covered with an additional two layers of wood laminations on either side The fushyselage was made in upper and lower halves using steam-pipe-heated conshycrete male and female molds clamped together using 6000 pounds of presshysure The sections were then trimmed and dried with special provision for humidity control before being joined

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 29

to a framework of grooved ash longeshyrons and formers The fuselage formshyers were made of three-ply materials engine-bearing formers were made of a seven-ply material The formers were in turn attached to the fuseshylage shells with screws Finally the fushyselage was varnished inside and out with Valspar varnish the exterior reshyceiving a coat of pigmented varnish before a final clear coat

Sold with both Lawrence Model Lshy2 three-cylinder Y-style and Anzani sixshycylinder radial engines the Longren Fibre Sport was flown in several notashyble Midwestern aviation events during the early 1920s During the American Legion Air Meet at Kansas City (Octoshyber 31 - November 3 1921) the Sport made 38 consecutive loops while being flown by ND Trinler Two Sports were also flown during a special efficiency race held at Omaha Nebraska on Noshyvember 11 An AK Sport again flown by Trinler placed second with a speed of 7791 mph when flown over a 153shymile triangular course Later that Noshyvember two AK Sports were placed at the disposal of the Kansas City Star to deliver newspapers from Kansas City to Lawrence Kansas in record time During a game between the Missouri Tigers and the Kansasjayhawks a teleshygraph wired a play-by-play account of the football game to the Stars office The newspapers were then promptly set printed and delivered via aircraft to the Lawrence street vendors beshyfore departing fans were even able to reach their homes

After establishing a climb record for Longren aircraft in 1922 the Longren Sport attracted the attention of customshyers from as far away as China and the Soviet Union In 1923 the US Navy became interested and on February 19 1924 Lt jB Kneip flew the accepshytance tests for the first of three Lonshygren AK Sports that were sold to the Navy (serial numbered A6745 through A6747) The first machine was shipped to Washington DC for testing at the Anacostia Naval Air Station while the other two were delivered to Pensacola However documentation of their subshysequent testing and use by the Navy remains elusive

30 JUNE 2007

Photos of Longren Sports and the later NL-13 show the distinctive Lonshygren company logo painted on the side of the fuselage and perhaps a few words need to be said about it This consisted of four capital ilLs joined at the top of each letter This formed a crux gammata or swastika although the direction the letters pointed was counter-clockshywise as opposed the symbols use on aircraft flown by Nazi Germany in which the bottom of the ilLs point in a clockwise direction Prior to its adoption by the Nazi Party this ancient symbol was seen as far afield at the Southwestshyern United States where it was a sacred symbol of Native Americans and in Inshydia and in Runic Europe During The Great War the Indian head emblem of Seaplane Pilots Association (SPA) 124 included a crux gammata as part of the headdress worn by the Native Amerishycan chief tan In its time and place it was considered as a symbol of good forshytune and was in no way considered to be an insult In fact after World War I Finland adopted a grayish-blue crux

gammata inscribed within a white circle as the national insignia for its aircraft In Longrens case the ilL was inscribed with a second ilL and the rest of the letters in Longrens surname In addishytion to that a circular logo and was placed at the center of the emblem to which a set of wings and a propeller reached out to a point near the tips of the ilLs So as it turns out the Lonshygren swastika was covered by what might roughly be considered a crux

immissa or crucifix Longren had no connections to fascist idealism The company logo which originated in the Midwest in the early 20s was simply a clever play on the primary letter in Longrens surname

No matter how good an aircraft the Longren Sport was the company could not survive on such limited orders and the last aircraft was sold in May of 1924 The remaining company assets patents and facilities were sold at an auction in March 1926 The Longren Sport was resurrected briefly in 1928 when the American Eagle Aircraft Corporation of Kansas City Missouri built a solitary aircraft as the Model A-429 However the aircraft was much different than the

original Longren Sport and the design was not pursued further Following the collapse of his company Longren was hired by Willis Brown to become viceshypresident of production at the Spartan Aircraft Co in Tulsa When Brown left in 1929 Longren also moved on to beshycome a design consultant at the Butshyler Manufacturing Co at Kansas City Butler had planned to manufacture the Butler Blackhawk biplane However the company was unable to do this and all manufacturing was halted in 1931 At this pOint Longren made a deal to build a new airplane -- the NL-13

Registered as X12538 and sporting the distinctive Longren fuselage logo the NL-13 (NL possibly standing for New Longren) fuselage was built usshying a new machine-forming method for heat-treated duralumin sheets The upper and lower fuselage halves of the 1932 NL-13 biplane were joined to T-shaped longerons and riveted toshygether Fuselage formers also made of liT cross-section were riveted to the halves creating a very strong duralushymin semi-monocoque fuselage Like the earlier Longren AK the NL-13 had twin side-by-side seating The powerplant of the aircraft was a Martin 333 of 120 hp With the exception of the wing spars the NL-13 was of all-metal construction the wings being fabric covered

The aircraft was first tested by George Gay in August of 1932 At that time Gay worked for the aeronautics branch of the Civil Aeronautics Administrashytion (CAA) The aircraft was found to be slightly tail-heavy This was cured by a slight stabilizer adjustment The engine also suffered from a slight overshyheating problem This was corrected by enlarging the cooling louvers and subshystituting the original propeller with anshyother type

The NL-13 had a span of 28 feet and a length of 22 feet Apparently the goal of the NL-13 was to obtain a military contract After further testing at Roosshyevelt Field Long Island New York the fuselage of the NL-13 was sold to the United States Army Air Corps and underwent stress evaluation at Wright Field Dayton OhiO in june 1933 After slight modification to some of the stiff-

continued on page 37

Flying to me is all about having fun Its grass strips and old

friends and old airplanes The folks at AUA understand my kind

of flying and my kind of airplanes They provide great service

at very good rates and they know me as an individual not just

a policy number

- Darrell Jenkins

Dan-ell Jenkins Heber Springs AR

bull Private pilot single-engine land and sea

bull 500 hours total shy300 in taildraggers

bull Current aircraft 1948 Ercoupe 415-E

AUA is Vintage Aircraft Association approved To become a member of VAA call 800middot843middot3612

AUAs Exclusive fAA Vintage AircraftJUsociation Insurance Program

Lower liability and hull premiums - Medical payments induded - Fleet discounts for multiple aircraft carrying all risk coverages

continued from page 3

EAA Seeks to Preserve Access to Repair Station Services

EAA cautions that proposed aircraft repair station certification regulations could harm many small general aviashytion shops and adversely affect airshycraft owners seeking to maintain the airworthiness of their aircraft

The FAA estimates the cost for deshyveloping and implementing a new quality system called for by the proshyposed regulations at $34500 per reshypair station Many small operations cannot afford such an expense and it could force some to close their doors

We fear that these requirements would ultimately result in diminshyished availability of qualified and experienced maintenance expertise especially for the vintage fleet said Earl Lawrence EAA vice president of industry and regulatory affairs Airshycraft owners could be forced to use maintenance facilities with less speshycialized experience on their aircraft type making it more difficult to comshyplete major repairs and changes to small aircraft potentially impacting safety as well

EAA also questions the feasibility of requiring repair stations to mainshytain an approved capability list for each make series and model of airshycraft its permitted to work on Many small operators often inspect and maintain virtually hundreds of airshycraft types creating an administrashytive nightmare

EAA is willing to discuss how the FAA could best address its quality concerns while ensuring the ownshyers of small aircraft continue to have ready access to repair station services One suggestion EAA proposed is to exempt or lessen requirements for smaller shops with fewer than a given number of employees

EAAs full comments can be found at wwwEAAorgcommunications eaanewsRepa ir_Station_NPRM_Draftpdf The notice of proposed rulemaking is at httpDMSESDOTgovdocimages pdf99431749_webpdf 32 JUNE 2007

Young Eagle 13 Million Hails From New Mexico

Arlene Martinez in the right seat with volunteer Young Eagles pilot Paul Rachels

The EAA Young Eagles program the worlds most successful youth aviation initiative ever has registered the 13-millionth Young Eagle flown She is Arlene Martinez age 12 of Yuma Arizona who took her flight on March 17 at Somerton Airport (54AZ) in a Cessna 170 piloted by Paul Rachels EAA 633950 Rachels is president and Young Eagles coordinator for Yuma EAA Chapter 590

Arlene was very enthusiastic said Rachels who has flown 123 Young Eagles She definitely enjoyed the flight and would like to do it again He always gets a kick out of how kids react to their special flights Its as incredible an experience

for me as it is for them and I have 700 hours of flight time Steve Buss EAA Young Eagles executive director called it another important

milestone for the program which this year marks its 15th anniversary year-the birthday will be marked at AirVenture this year Its wonderful to recognize Paul and Arlenes flight but we also applaud the outstanding continuing support and enthusiasm for Young Eagles by our members We extend our congratulations to all who have helped the program reach this unprecedented level of participation

Nominations Due June 15 for EAA Young Eagles Awards Each year EAA honors several special volunteers at EAA AirVenture with the

annual Young Eagles awards and theres still time to nominate a deserving pershyson for 2007

Nominations for the following awards are being accepted through June 15

bull Chapter Coordinator bull Field Representative bull Ground Support Volunteer bull Young Eagles Humanitarian (presented for efforts to reach special needs

Young Eagles) bull Young Eagles Horizon Award (recognizing efforts to go beyond the basic

Young Eagles flight) Awards will be presented at a special ceremony held at EAA AirVenture Museshy

ums Eagle Hangar on Wednesday July 25 To download the official nomination form visit wwwYoungEaglesorgvolunteersaward_nominationpdf

BY BUCK HILBERT

The very beginning of airworthiness certificates pilot certificates

For many years Ive talked and writshy barnstormers and promote some ten about the beginnings of the Aero order and safety to their flying It had Club of America (ACA) now known one other side effect No record atshyas the National Aeronautic Associashy tempt or air show (or air meet as they tion (NAA) Ive explained how this were called back then) could be staged pioneer era appointed Orville Wright without the approval of the Aero as the chairman of the Contest amp Reshy Club which was affiliated with the cords Board and how a pilot registrashy international governing body the Feshytion program came into being deration Aeronautique Internationale

The World War I pilots returning (FAI) The contestant was required to home were barnstorming and othershy be a member of the Aero Club which wise doing their best to make a living then issued a certification to the pishyin aviation That led to attempts to lot Hence the FAlSporting License register and somehow civilize these old-timers would show was signed by

Certifying Aircraft and Pilots

AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATE IauecI to VIlICElll ASTOR Arw 23 W 26th Sl BYCit shy

m~ts CnltiUs that the Aircraft described below has been Inspected and found AiruIo~ for daylight llyin on AJIlI 0VEIl WUER OKLY

For the Fl)1nA Season of 1922 ~- ~-=l1=~== Cmlampato NJiI~_ _ -- UND ElV1UTEIS~OIlIS Iae

o o-_pmiIyenr3~J__I922 III _ - ~ t

_ _ Mri N=A1fefJ~mATE WAmR AmClWr _ _______ 1 - PQRIlrASRDWTCJN l T bull Y

N_- 01 AlOft to 5 M- 1-1 AJkwL c 9on MuwLOEBDIG AERO ElIGR C~IIoTNo 23-t SodoIH9~iF--__ 0- 30 pr 3 I~ _ 42 PT 6 U __ n 8 Pr _ 2700 4100 II UMIwI 1400 shy_ 130 M _Cd 20000 hlln_H_ 2S_ _ T LIBRRrY I I OBE __ US 32230 __ Do 5 000 - JfAJlJODS JULY 7 1922

Orville Wright It was a requirement of the federal government No federal requirement for a pilots certificate would come into being until the Air Commerce Act gave that authority and responsibility to the Department of Commerce on May 20 1926

In all of the information Ive read on the early days of the ACA later the NAA there was never any menshytion of aircraft standards or airworshythiness certificates I never quesshytioned it and as a matter of fact I never gave it a thought

Then along comes friend and Vinshytage member Mitch Wohl from Barrington Illinois and he drops two books on my desk The first one I picked up was titled A Symbol of Safety This book was first published in 1923 and tells all about the foundshying of the Underwriters Laboratories (UL) Reprinted in 1995 it goes into great detail as to the history of UL I found it very interesting

The second book published on the 100th anniversary of Underwritshyers Laboratories in 1994 amplifies a bit of the material that was pub-

This airworthiness certificate was issued by an Underwriters Laborashytories inspector Maj J W Jones who deemed the Loening Air Yacht of Vincent Astor to be in airworthy condishytion It is restricted to dayligbt flying and over water only Heres a photo of its sister ship from the 1922 Airshycraft Yearbook

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 3 3

Loening monoplane Flying Yacht 100 hp Liberty engine which made a world record for aHitude with three passengers and pilot 19500 feet

lished in the 1923 book Its entire theme is Making the World Safe for Technology What a revelation both regarding the organization s history in general and its involveshyment in aviation

The real beginnings were at the 1893 Worlds Fair at the Great White City in Chicago The Electricity Building had frequent visits by the fire brigade in response to the new alshyternating current electricity displays catching fire and causing problems It was then that William Henry Merrill began his testing lab which proved

electricity could be a servant rather than a master

Our only function is to serve not to profit We are doing someshything for manufacturers buyers and property owners everywhere We are doing things for humanity was a direct quote from Merrill This was the beginning of the lab The lab was funded by corporations that wanted their products tested as well as by the insurance underwriters themselves

From 1893 through 1905 the budshyget expanded from a mere $3000 to more than $300000 During that

The book goes into

great detail

as to physical

standards for

airmen There were

all sorts of tests

for altitude tolerance

fatigue and eyesight

and their standards

specify annual physicals

rAiLW~eeL5

srlINSON 15 JOCII~Y

34 JUNE 2007

time more than 7500 reports were published the lab moved to larger quarters it was chartered in Illinois and the landmark inspection and label service was established Within two years UL inspectors were at work in 67 citshyies UL got into everything electrical fire prevention fire extinguishers automobiles oil and gasses and transportashytion as well Thats where we come in airplanes

When the first commercial airplane takes off here in the USA in the 20s UL registers airplanes certifies pilots and issues the now rather quaint-sounding Rules of the Air

Im getting ahead of the full story but in a nutshell the National Aircraft Underwriters Association proposed and requested UL become the custodian of the official register of all aircraft pilots (other than government pilots) and take full charge of all details connected therewith

UL undertook this branch of the work on July I 1921 The book goes into great detail as to physical stanshy

dards for airmen There were all sorts of tests for altitude tolerance fatigue and eyesight and their standards specify annual physicals

No wonder the early birds were considered supermen The next step was to create a register of commercial and private aircraft On May I 1922 UL began a nationwide inspection service in order to make it possible to issue cershytificates of airworthiness for individual aircraft The details of the inspections and the people employed to conduct them is an early Whos Who in aviation The inspections were very stringent and as demanding for the aircraft as they were for the pilots

And that dear friends is the story of the first airworshythiness certificates They were all issued long before the Department of Commerce became involved and of course long before the creation of the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) and the Federal Aviation Administration

Little by little the freedoms of flight have been whittled down and the myriad of Federal Aviation Regulations we live with came about but here fellow pilots and aircraft owners was the very beginning and it was the insurance people who started it all I(

Over to you (( ~((~

~ Call to order your copies today

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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 35

BY HG FRAUTSCHY

THIS MONTHS MYSTERY PLANE PHOTO IS A BIT OF A MULLIGAN FOR THOSE OF YOU

WHO HAVE ENJOYED L1GHTPLANES FOR A NUMBER OF YEARS STILL NOT MUCH IS PUBLISHED ABOUT THIS RATHER ATTRACTIVE AMPHIBIAN

Send your answer to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box You can also send your response via e-mail Send 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Your answer needs your answer to mysteryplaneeaaorg Be sure to include to be in no later than July 15 for inclusion in the your name city and state in the body of your note and September 2007 issue of Vintage Airplane put I(Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line

MARCH S MYSTERY ANSWER

36 J UN E 2007

nology olph Dope

Heres a little about the March Mystery Plane

The subject Mystery Plane apshypears to be the Longren NL-13 sin 2 X12538 built in 1932 by Albin K Longren (1882-1950) in Kansas City Missouri Longren had been a design consultant for Butler Manushyfacturing Co during the certificashytion of the Butler Blackhawk and built the NL-13 in the Butler facility with help from Butler employees Butler had ceased production by that time in the depths of the Great Depression The NL-13 had an allshy

wing spars and the fabric wing covshyering The engine was a 120-hp Marshytin 333 inve rted inline with four cylinders The X12538 was the only NL-13 built and was not successful in reaching production although it was an ea rly example of formed alushyminum aircraft structures

My information comes from Aeroshyfilescom and from Chuck (Charles E) Lebrechts fine article entitled AK Longren - Pioneer Airman of the West published in American Aviation Historishycal Society Journal Vol26 No4 Winshyter 1981 pp258-270 Lebrechts article gives a great vjew of Longrens career as an aircraft designer and manufacturer

Jack Erickson State College Pennsylvania Other correct answers were reshy

ceived from WaIt House Wichshyita Kansas George Otto Snook Monroe Michigan John Miller Wamego Kansas Cam Bla ze r Leawood Kansas An extensive arshyticle on the airplane and AK Lonshygren written by Wesley Smith is also included in this issue of Vinshytage Airplane

metal airframe except for wooden 1---------------------------------shy

eners and bulkheads the NL-13 fuselage had a safety factor able to absorb 1683g

ahead of the center of gravity (CG) and 11g aft of the CG

This made the fuselage of the NL-13 considerably stronger than that of the Stearman YBT-3 Boeing P-26A Conshysolidated P-30 and Boeing P-12B with which it was compared the YBT-3 having a maximum g-Ioading potential of 109

both fore and aft of the CG While the reshyport recommended the possible adoption of Longrens construction techniques orshyders for the NL-13 were not forthcoming and no further examples were built

With the demise of Butler Longren went to work for himself using a porshytion of the former Butler factory at the Kansas City Municipal Airport In 1933-34 Longren did the initial metal work on the Luscombe Phantom and developed metal-working techniques with his partner Ivan Driggs Plans for opening another aircraft factory were put on hold when Cessn a reopened their Wichita Kansas facility in 1934 for production of the Cessna C-34 Cessna hired Longren as vjce-president a posishy

tion that he held until 1939 when he moved to Torrance California to open the Longren Aircraft Company

While Longren built no further airshycraft he became a successful subconshytractor of prefabricated components for other aircraft manufacturers After the end of World War II Longren sold his company and retired to a 3OOO-acre ranch at Adin Ca lifornia where he passed away due to a heart condition on Nov 19 1950 at age 68

The defini tive Longren article was written by Mr Charles E Lebrecht and was published in the Winter 1981 edishytion of the American Aviation Historical Society Journal (Volume 26 Number 4 pages 258-270) I am indebted to Mr Lebrechts excellent research for the inshyformation in this piece Further informashytion on AK Longren can be found in the pages of Aviation Quarterly (Mace Kenshyneth D Pioneer Airmen ofKansas Volshyume 5 Number 2 Second Quarter 1979 pages 152-163) Mr Maces article is also quite well-written and contains severshyal beautiful photos of Longrens aircraft as well as the 1908 Call Mayfly

VINTAGE A I RPLANE 37

The fo llowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter of information only and does not constishytute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed To submit an event send the information via mail to Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Or e-mail the information to vintageaircrafteaaorg Information should be received four months prior to the event date

JUNE S-IO-Union IL-Poplar Grove Airport Army Wings and Wheels Info Vintage Wings amp Wheels Museum 815-547middot3115 Tom Murray hiwheelsbcglobalnet

JUNE 14-17-St Louis MO-Dauster Flying Field Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) American Waco Club Flymiddotln Info Phil Coulson 269shy624-6490 or rcoulson516cscom www americanwacoclubcom

JUNE 20-2l--Lock Haven PA-William T Piper Memorial Airport (LHV) Sentimental Journey Fly-In Family oriented fly-in featuring antique and classic aircraft of all makes and models especially PIPERS Seminars vendors food camping and entertainment daily Come for the day or the week Call 570-893-4200 or 748shy5123 for more information j3cubkcnet org wwwsentimentaljourneyfly-incom

JUNE 21-24-Mt Vernon Ohio-Wynkoop Airport (6G4) 48th Annual National Waco Club Reunion Check www nationalwacoclubcom for more information and contact information Or email call Andy Heins 937 313 5931 wacoasoaolcom

JUNE 22-24-Gardner KA-Gardner Municipal Airport (K34) Greater KC VAA Chapter 16 Fly-in Contact Kevin Pratt 816-985-3248

JUNE 23-Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

JUNE 30-Chetek WI-The Chetek WI (Y23) 9AM car show craft fair and show a professional horse pull and a water ski show Plenty of food and drink available throughout the day For more info contact Chuck Harrison 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet or Tim Knutson 715-237shy2477 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

JUNE 31-Russellville KY- Russellville-Logan County Airport (4M7) 9th Annual All You Can Eat BarBQ Lunch 1100am - 200pm Rain Date July 5th Aircraft displays skydiving door prizes Everyone welcome For more information eaal165yahoo com wwwangelfirecom ky3 eaal165 Joe Lawrence 270-726-1558

JULY 4-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-llam For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

JULY 6-8--All iance Oh (2Dl)-Taylorcraft and Ohio Aeronca Aviators Fly-In See the airplanes built in Alliance OH amp Middletown

38 JU N E 2007

OH and the people that built them Camping motels food all day fbarberalliancelinkcom 330823-1168 bwmatzllacyahoocom 216 337-5643 httpwwwoaafy-incom see wwwbarberaircraftcom for airport diagrams Breakfast served Sat amp Sun 7AM to 11AM by EM Chapter 82

JULY 14-Zanesville OH-Parr Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

AUGUST 5-Queen City MO-Applegate Airport (15MO) 20th Annual Watermelon Fly-In amp BBQ 2pm til dark Come and see grass roots aviation at its best Info 660-766-2644

AUGUST S-Chetek WI-Southworth Municipal airport (Y23) BBQ Fly-In 1030am Warbird displays antique and unique airplanes antique amp collector car displays and raffles for airplane rides Procedes will be given to local charities Info Chuck Harrison - Office 715-924shy4501 Cell 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet Tim Knutson - Home 715-237-2477 Cell 651-308-2839 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

AUGUST 17-19--McMinnville OR-25th Annual West Coast Travel Air Reunion Come Celebrate the Rebirth of the Travel Air Expected to be the largest gathering of Vintage Travel Airs in recent times Held in conjunction with the Northwest Antique Airplane Club Event Info Bruce McElhoe 559-638-3746

AUGUST 18--Forest Lake MN-(25D)-Airport Fly-in and Open House lOam - 4pm 24shyhour gas and 24-hour grass 3000-foot 31 13 Forest Lake Lions serve brats corn-ltgtn-the-cob and ice cream 100LL is available John Schmidt EM 250021 St Paul Minnesota 651 776 1717

AUGUST IS-I9-Long Island NY- Bayport (23N) Annual Antique Aeroplane Fly-In Old time movies popcorn pig roast flour bomb drop and spot landing contest with the days ending in the in famous Sheep Shagger Baa For more info wwwAACGNY org or email Stuart Bain at Sbain emediaofny com

AUGUST 19-Brookfield WI-Capitol Airport (02C) Ice Cream Social and vintage Aircraft Display VAA Chapter 11 Dean London 262-442-4622

AUGUST 2S-Niles MI-Jerry Tyler Memorial Airport (3TR) VAA Chapter 35 Annual Corn amp Sausage Roast Lunch served 1100am

to 300 pm Rain date on Sunday August 26th Donations of $500 for adults and $300 for children under 12 Contact Len Jansen tripacerlenyahoocom

SEPTEMBER I -Marion IN-Marion Municipal Airport (MZZ) 17th Annual Fly-In Cruise-In 700am until 200pm This annual event features antique classic homebuilt ultralight and warbird aircraft as well as vintage cars trucks motorcycles and tractors An all-you-can-eat Pancake Breakfast is served with all proceeds going to the local Marion High School Marching Band wwwFlylnCruiselncomlnfo Ray Johnson (765) 664-2588 or rjohnson indyrrcom

SEPTEMBER I -Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $2 50 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer Phone (740) 454-7487

SEPTEMBER 2-Mondovi WI-21st Annual Log Cabin Airport Fly-In Doug Ward Owner Operator 715-287-4205 Lunch noon

SEPTEMBER 8-Newark Ohio-NewarkshyHeath Airport (VTA) Annual Fly-In DriveshyIn Breakfast Pancakes and More Young Eagles Flights Vintage Airplanes Classic Cars Tom McFadden 740-587shy2312 email EAA402adelphianet

SEPTEMBER 9-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-12pm For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

SEPTEMBER 21-22- Bartlesville OK-Frank Phillips Field (BVO) 51st Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-In Antiques Classics Light Sport Warbirds Forum Type Clubs Info Charlie Harris 918-622shy8400 wwwtulsafyincom

OCTOBER 5-7-Camden SC-Kershaw County Airport (KCDN) VAA Chapter 3 Fall Fly-In All classes welcome BBQ on field Fri Evening EAA judging all classes Sat Banquet Sat Nite Info Jim Wilson 843-753-7138 or eiwilson homexpresswaynet

OCTOBER 5-7-St Louis MO-Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) The Monocoupe Club Fly-In amp Reunion wwwmonocoupecom

OCTOBER IO-I4-Tuliahoma TN- Beech Birthday Party 2007 Staggerwing Twin Beech 18 Bonanza Baron Beech ownersamp enthusiasts Info 931shy455-1974

Your One STOP Quality Shop Hook up air hose from your compressor Add Glass Beads or otherabrasiveAim powergun 1-888-388-8803 (included) at part and remove 1-780-447-5955 rust paint and scale

Exhaust Systems FAST WORKS GREAT Abrasive recycles 22d 34w Carb Air Boxes 2012h work area22 ga steel14 Structural Assemblies ga steel legs Requires 7 Clamps amp Hardware cfm 80 psi amp shop Round Engine Exhausts

Engine Mounts Fuel Cells Heaters

All Make amp Models wwwacomweldlngcom

2007 MAJOR FLy-INS

For details on EM Chapter flymiddotins and other local avimiddot ation events visit wwweaaorgjevents

Golden West EAA Regional Ay-In

Yuba County Airport (MYV) Marysville CA

June 29middotJuly 1 2007 wwwGodenWestRynorg

Rocky Mountain EAA Regional AyJn Front Range Airport (FTG) Watkins CO

June 23-24 2007 wwwRMRRorg

Arlington EAA Ay-In

Arlington Municipal Airport (AWO) Arlington WA July 11-15 2007

wwwNWEAAorg

EAA AlrVenture Oshkosh

Something to buy sell or trade Classified Word Ads $550 per 10 words 180 words maximum with boldface

lead-in on first line

Classified Display Ads One column wide (2167 inches) by 1 2 or 3 inches

high at $20 per inch Black and white only and no frequency discounts

Advertising Closing Dates 10th of second month prior to desired issue date

(ie January 10 is the closing date for the March issue) VAA reserves the right

to reject any advertising in conflict with its policies Rates cover one insertion per

issue Classified ads are not accepted via phone Payment must accompany order

Word ads may be sent via fax (920-426-4828) or e-mail (cassadseaaorg) using

credit card payment (all cards accepted) Include name on card complete address

type of card card number and expiration date Make checks payable to EAA

Address advertising correspondence to EAA Publications Classified Ad Manager

PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086

MISCELLANEOUS BABBITT BEARING SERVICE - rod

Wittman Regional Airport (OSH) Oshkosh WI July 23-29 2007 wwwAirVentureorg

EAA Mld-Eastem Regional Ay-In Mansfield Lahm Airport Mansfield OH August 25-26 2007

httpMERR info

Virginia Regional EAA Ay-In

Dinwiddie County Airport (PTB) Petersburg VA October 6-7 2007 wwwVAEAAorg

EAA Southeast Regional Ay-In Middleton Field Airport (GZH) Evergreen AL October 12-14 2007 wwwSERRorg

Copperstate Regional EAA AyJn Casa Grande (Arizona) Municipal Airport (CGZ)

October 25-28 2007 wwwcopperstateorg

Airplane T-Shirts

150 Different Airplanes Available

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Flying wires available 1994 pricing

Visit www_fyingwirescom or call

800-517-9278

THERES JUST NOTHING LIKE IT

ON THE WEB

wwwaviation-giftshopcom A Website with the Pilot in Mind

(and those who love airplanes)

CUSTOM PRINTED T-SHIRTS for your

flying club flight shop museum Free

samples Call 1-800-645-7739 or 1shy

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bearingsmain bearings bushings master

rods valves piston rings Call us Toll

Free 1-800-233-6934 e-mail ramremfg aocom Website wwwramenginecom VINTAGE ENGINE MACHINE WORKS

N 604 FREYA ST SPOKANE WA 99202

Aircraft Construction and Restoration

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348-7514

SERVICES

Always Flying Aircraft Restoration LLC

AampP IA Annual 100 hr inspections

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Ohio - statewide

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 39

VINTAGE AIRCRAFT

ASSOCIATION OFFICERS

President VicemiddotPres ident Geoff Robison George Daubner

152 1 E MacG regor Dr 2448 Lough Lane New Haven IN 46774 Hartford WI 53027

260middot493middot4724 262middot673middot5885 cllie702Saolcom vaa1yboymsllcom

Secretary Treasurer Steve Nesse Charles W Harris

2009 Highland Ave 72 15 East 46th Sl Albert Lea M 56007 Tulsa OK 74 147

507middot373middot1674 9 18middot622middot8400 stnesdeskmediacom (whhvsucom

DIRECTORS Steve Bender

85 Brush Hill Road Sherborn MA 01770

508middot653middot7557 sst 10com cas t llet

David Bennett 375 Ki lldeer Ct

Lincoln CA 95648 916middot645middot8370

alltiqllerillrmchcom

John Berendt 7645 Echo Point Rd

Cannon Fall s M N 55009 507middot263middot24 14

mjb(cIJldrcOfl l l(xtcollJ

Dave Clark 635 Vestal Lane

Plainfield IN 46168 3 17 middot839middot4500

dalecpdiquestet

John S Copeland 1 A Deacon St reet

Northborough MA 0 I 532 508middot393middot4775

copeiomll ullOCOlll

Phil Coulson 284 15 Springbrook Dr

Lawton M I 49065 269middot624middot6490

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Dale A Gustafson 7724 Shady Hills Dr

Indianapolis IN 46278 3 17middot293middot4430

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Jeannie Hill PO Box 328

Harvard IL 60033middot0328 815middot943middot7205

dillghacMvwcl1tt

Espie Butch Joyce 704 N Regional Rd

Greensboro NC 27409 336middot668middot3650

willdsockaolcom

Steve Keog 1002 Heather Ln

Hartfo rd WI 53027 262middot966middot7 627

sskroS(loicom

Robert D Bob Lumley 1265 South 124th Sl Brookfield WI 53005

262middot782middot2633 illmperextcpccom

Gene Morris 5936 Steve Court

Roanoke TX 76262 8 17middot49 1middot9 1 IO

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Dean Richardson 1429 Kings Lynn Rd

Stoughton W I 53589 608middot877middot8485

darapriairecolf1

SH aWes Schmid 2359 Lefeber AVenue

Wauwatosa WI 532 13 414middot77 1middot 1545

shscfIdlflwpccofI

DIRECTORS EMERITUS

Gene Chase EE Buck Hilbert 2 159 Cariton Rd 8102 Leech Rd

Oshkosh WI 54904 Union IL 60 180 920middot23 1middot5002 8 15middot923middot4591

GRCHACilarterl1et )lIck7clc(iigtdlsnet

Ronald C Fritz 15401 Sparta Ave

Kent City MI 49J30 616middot678middot5012

rFrilzpa thwaYlletco11l

Membershi~ Services Directory ENJOY THE MANY BENEFITS OF EAA AND ~ EAAs VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION

EAA Aviation Center PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Phone (920) 426-4800 Fax (920) 426-4873

Web Sites wwwvintageaircratorg wwwairventllreorg wwweaaorgmemberbene(its E-Mail vintageaircrateaaorg

EAA and Division Membership Services 800-843-3612 FAX 920-426-6761 (800 AM-700 PM Monday-Friday CST)

-Newrenew memberships EAA Divisions (Vintage Aircraft Association lAC Warbirds) National Association of Flight Instructors (NAFI)

-Address changes -Merchandise sales -Gift memberships

Programs and Activities EAA AirVenture Fax-On-Demand Directory 732-885-6711 Auto Fuel STCs 920-426-4843 Buildrestore information 920-426-4821 Chapters locatingorganizing 920-426-4876 Education 888-322-3229

- EAA Air Academy - EAA Scholarships

Flight Advisors information 920-426-6864 Flight Instructor information 920-426-6801

Flying Start Program 920-426-6847 Library ServicesResearch 920-426-4848 Medical Questions 920-426-6112 Technical Counselors 920-426-6864 Young Eagles 877-806-8902

Benefits AUA Vintage Insurance Plan 800-727-3823 EAA Aircraft Insurance Plan 866-647-4322 Term Life and Accidental 800-241-6103 Death Insurance (Harvey Watt amp Company) EAA Platinum VISA Card 800-853-5576 ext 8884 EAA Aircraft Financing Plan 866-808-6040 EAA Enterprise Rent-A-Car Program 877-GA1-ERAC Editorial 920-426-4825 VAA Office FAX 920-426-6865

EAA Aviation Foundation Artifact Donations 920-426-4877 Financial Support 800-236-1025

MEMBERSHIP INFORMATION EAA

Membership in the Experimental Aircraft ASSOCiation Inc is $40 for one year includshying 12 issues of SPORT AVIATION Family membership is an additional $10 annually Junior Membership (under 19 years of age) is available at $23 annually All major credit cards accepted for membership (Add $16 for Foreign Postage)

EAA SPORT PILOT Current EAA members may add EAA

SPORT PILOT magaZine for an additional $20 per year

EAA Membership and EAA SPORT PILOT magazine is available for $40 per year (SPORT AVIATION magaZine not inshycluded) (Add $16 for Foreign Postage)

VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION Current EAA members may join the

Vintage Aircraft Association and receive VINTAGE AIRPLANE magazine for an adshyditional $36 per year

EAA Membership VINTAGE AIRPLANE magazine and one year membership in the EAA Vintage Aircraft Association is available for $46 per year (SPORT AVIATION magazine not inshycluded) (Add $7 for Foreign Postage)

lAC Current EAA members may join the

International Aerobatic Club Inc Divishysion and receive SPORT AEROBATICS magazine for an additional $45 per year

EAA Membership SPORT AEROBATshyICS magaZine and one year membership in the lAC Division is available for $55 per year (SPORT AVIATION magazine not included) (Add $18 for Foreign Postage_)

WARBIRDS Current EAA members may join the EAA

Warbirds of America Division and receive WARBIRDS magazine for an additional $45 per year

EAA Membership WARBIRDS magashyz ine and one year membership in the Warbirds Division is available for $55 per year (SPORT AVIATION magaZine not inshycluded) (Add $7 for Foreign Postage)

FOREIGN MEMBERSHIPS Please submit your remittance with a

check or draft drawn on a United States bank payable in United States dollars Add required Foreign Postage amount for each membership

Membership dues to EM and its divisions are not tax deductible as charitable contributions

Copyright mOO7 by the EM Vintage Aircraft Associalion All rights reseVed VI NTAGE AIRPLANE (USPS 062middot750 ISSN 0091-6943) is published and owned exclusively by the EM Vintage Aircraft Association of the Experimental Aircraft Association and is published monthly at EM Aviamiddot

tion Center 3000 Poberezny Rd PO Box 3086 Oshkosh Wisconsin 54903-3086 e-mail vintageaircrafteaaorg Membership to Vintage Aircraft Association WhiCh inch des 12 iss PS of jotage Ajcp1ane magazine

is $36 per year for EM members and $46 for nonmiddotEM members Pefiodicals Postage paid at Oshkosh Wisconsin 54901 and at add~ional mailing offices POSTMASTER Send address changes to Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903middot3088 PM 40032445 Return undeliverable Canadian addresses to World Distribution Services Station A PO Box 54 Windsor ON N9A 6J5 e-mai cpcretumsWdsmailcom FORmiddot EIGN AND APO ADDRESSES - Please allow at least two months for delivery of VINTAGE AIRPLANE to foreign and APO addresses via surtace mail ADVERTISING - Vintage Aircraft Association does not guarantee or endorse any proouct offered through the advertising We invite constructive criticism and wekome any report of inferior merchandise obtained through our advertiSing so that corrective measures can be taken

EDITORIAL POLICY Members are encouraged to submrt slories and photographs Policy opinions expressed in artiCles are solely those of the authors Responsibility for accuracy in reporting rests entirely with the contributor No remuneration is made Material should be sent to Editor VINTAGE AIRPLANE PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903middot3086 Phone 920middot426-4800

EMreg and EM SPORT AVIATIONreg the EM Logoreg and Aeronautica are registered trademarks trademarks and senlice marks of the Experimental Aircraft Association Inc The use of these trademarks and service marks without the permission of the Experimental Aircraft Association Inc is strictly prohibited

40 JUNE 2007

-=-_tI 8015 CONCER

~oNO~Y )JY 13

presented by Ecpse ~1aton n 8lt ford otor col1pa y

Page 4: PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATIONmembers.eaavintage.org/wp...Vol-35-No-6-June-2007.pdf · PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION . ... Flightline Safety Committee and their

tion Celebration at wwwA irVenture org This years special events and atshytractions forums and workshops acshycommodations Oshkosh area travel information and more are all a few clicks away

Also check out our biweekly EAA AvCasts wwwEAA orglpodcast for a collection of audio presentations feashyturing aviation people events and isshysues and EAA AirVenture updates

And the Winner Is Top Gun Paramount Pictures blockbuster

1986 movie Top Gun received the most votes in the Greatest Aviation Movie of All Time poll conducted on the EAA AirVenture website from Febshyruary I -May 2 The story of naval avishyator Pete Maverick Mitchell played by EAAer Tom Cruise received 2047 percent of the total votes cast The 1949 film Twelve OClock High placed second in the balloting with 174 pershycent while Memphis Belle (1990) garshynered 1216 percent

Other films in the fi n al poll inshycluded Battle ofBritain (1969) 1178 percent Spirit ofst Louis (1957) and The Great Waldo Pepper (1975) each with 859 percent Those Magnificent Men in Their Flying Machines (1965) 715 percent The Flight of the Phoenix (1965) 518 percent and The High and the Mighty (1954) 408 percent

During EAA AirVenture Osh kosh 2007 attendees can watch Top Gun which also stars Kelly McGillis Va l Kilmer Anthony Edwards and Tom Skerritt on the large outdoor screen at the EAA Fly-In Theater presented by Ford Motor Company and Eclipse Aviation (Date to be annou nced soon at wwwAirVentureorg)

Other movies to be shown this year at the EAA Fly-In Theater include Spirit ofst Louis Flying Tigers Wings Thirty Seconds Over Tokyo Apollo 13 and Twelve OClock High

The EAA Fly-In Theater is located adjacent to EAAs Camp Scholler and is open each evening (weather permitshyting) from Sunday July 22 through Saturday July 28 The walk-in theater is reminiscent of the famo us driveshyin theaters of the past complete with popcorn There is no admission

We were saddened to hear of the

deaths of Doug and Sharon 8eechel

of Cotter Arkansas on April 22

Doug and Sharon perished in the

crash of their Murphy Moose as

they attempted to land at their home

airport next to the White River

A longtime VAA member Doug

was active in both vintage and

homebuilt aircraft circles and enshy

joyed flying his Moose and Aeronca

Champ Always ready with a gleam

in his eye and an offer of something

cool to drink he and Sharon were

gracious hosts to the many guests

who stopped by the Moose at a flyshy

in We ll miss them greatly

charge fo r the theater which is open to all AirVenture guests Each eveshynings show begins at approximately 830 pm with an in troduction by a celebrity presenter fo llowed by a classic aviation fi lm at about 9 p m shown on a pro jection screen meashysuring five stories high

EAA thanks everyon e wh o voted both in the initial Greatest Aviation Movie nominations and in the fina l web poll

EAA Praises FAA Proposal to Extend Duration of Ainnen Medical Certificates

The FAA plans to extend the durashytion of third-class medical certificates from three years to five years and firstshyclass medicals from six months to a year for pilots under age 40 This action will help to make more resources availshyable for oth er pressing medical certishyfication processes such as th ird-class special issuance medical certificates

Marion Blakey first mentioned the

proposa l last year during her Meet the Administ ra tor session at EAA AirVenture EAA whose Aeromedical Advisory Council works continually with the FAA to remove medical certishyfication barriers has been highly supshyportive of this effort

Period ic medica l examination is of certain value but no t many sign ificant conditions are discovshyered on ro utine examinations on pilo ts below age 40 said Council Chairman Dr Jack Hastings This cha n ge wi ll hopefu ll y allow the Aerom edical Certification Division to d evote grea t er time and atten shyt ion t o problem aeromedica l cershytifications and achieve the goal of timely decisions

FAA estimates that 175000 fewer fi rst class certifica t es and 90000 fewer third-class certificates would be renewed over 10 years resulting in a cost savings to airmen estimated at $85 million

EAA Urges Aircraft Buyers to Make Sure Autofuel STCs Are Legit

EAA has learned of several recent in stances where aircraft sellers have attempted to pass their aircraft off as having an autofuel supplementary type certificate (STC) without the reshyquired documentation

EAA and Peterson Aviation are the only organ izations that have issued autofuel STCs and placards since the program began in the early 1980s EAA advises would-be aircraft buyers to make sure any aircraft purported to have an autofuel STC indeed has one

Contact Petersen Aviation through wwwAutoFueISTCcom e-mail EAA at dwalkereaaorg or call 920-426-4843 to see if the records are on fi le Also check to see if the aircraft has placards on the wings next to the fuel inlets If there are no placards its possible that someone fraudulently used a copy of an STC or has misrepresented the airshycraft to a potential buyer

An autofuel STC can save you a lot of money over the years and can add to the value of your aircraft when you want to sell

continued on page 32

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 3

The Sun n Fun Fly-In is a great way to shake off the winter blahs and jumpstart the summer flying seashyson If you re a northerner like I am by the time baseball season starts youre more than ready to peel off a sweatshirt or two and fly in shirtsleeves Sun n Fun is all about that attitude fly in relax enjoy visiting with your friends and soak in a good dose of Vitamin Av vitamin Aviation that is

The vintage aircraft area overseen by the fine folks of VAA Chapter 1 was filled with a mix of familiar alushyminum and tube and fabric friends as well as a basket full of one-of-a kind airplanes including a rare Travel Air lOB and Saab 91 Safir Tucked back the corner near the trees was an equally rare Bucker Bestmann a pretty low-wing German training aircraft And how about Dean Tilton who along with his friends Dusty and Todd Rhode have not one but two of the rare Arrow Sport biplanes Cap off the week with a fine picnic on the lawn in front of the Vintage Aircraft Headquarters and you have the makings of a great week to start the 2007 fly-in season Lets see both the people and airplanes we enjoyed seeing during Sun n Fun 2007

The seaplane base moved this year from the city park to apoint on the southwest side of lake Parker The new location gave the spectators outstanding views of the take-off and spot landing competitions including this takeoff drag race between apair of SeaBees Despite what you see here eventually the yellow Seabee flown by Bill Bardin won this round

JUNE 2007 4

Lew lIakds Aeronca 7AC ChcInp has been neatly restored with His custom color scheme Lews Champ took home the top Classic hp category (0-100 hp) award

Idont know of too many people who dont subconsciously hold their breath each time they see this done Thankfully the three professionals performing this ac~ John Mohr in the Stearman Todd Green (the stuotman) and Roger Buis Otto the helicopters pilo~ perform this act regularly and are exceptionally proficient The Untied Team performed their act during the daily air show

RIGHT Basically restored by Richard Blazer Tullahoma Tennessee this Taylorcrafts new owner Dick Lawrence of

Pensacola Florida has been busy tweaking this 1946 model Dicks Taylorcraft was selected as one of the top category award

winners at Sun nFun Tom Ramsey Julie~ Tennessee lost his hangar and sold the restored Taylorcrafl

HG FRAUTSCHY

The Arrow Sport biplane is one of the few openshycockpit airplanes built with side-by-side seating and few of this make remain But here are two of them restored by Dean lilton and his wife Christine (far right) From left to righ~ we have the owners of the newest Arrow Sport restoration NC9327 Todd Willie and Dusty Rhode with the Rhodes grandson Kyle in the cockpit

LEFT Now heres asound you dont hear too often in the vintage parking area---piper Stan Berry of Williston Florida serenaded us and instantly drew an appreciative crowd as he played while the sun set below the trees

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 5

The pudgy litHe Stinson 10 may be abit on the rare side but irs just so cute you cant help stop and watch as it taxis by This example is owned by Julian Thomas of NiceviHe Rorida

Good thing those bullet holes are painted on

Chuck Story brought this nice post-war Aeronca llAC Chief mounted on apair of Edo 1400 floats HG FRAUTSCHY PHOTOS

Chucks from Haslett Michigan

Dan Tubbs Taylorcraft looks as crisp and clean as a southern gentlemans summer white seersucker suil Dan hailsfrom AltamontTennessee

JUNE 2007 6

Left Jeff and Suzette Deaton in the proud owners of this outstanding customized 1954 BeedJcraft Bonanza Always among the top airplanes at any event in which it is shown the Beech won the top Classic category prize at this years Sun n FIHI Jeff and Suzette brought their son Blake age 5 along for his first camping Sun n fun adventure where he channed us all

BELOW One of the very rare airplanes on display duro ing this years kick off to the fly-in season was this CzechshybuiH Bucker Bul8l Bestmann owned and flown by Richard Epton of Brooks Georgia Winner of the Most Unique Classhysic aircraft award well have afeature story on this 1949 low-wing trainer in afuture issue of Vmtage Airplane

Willie Ropp now 95 years young (inset) reshystored this 1933 Travel Air CW seaplane nearly two deshycades ago and its still going I

strong Based at Browns Seaplane Base in Winter Haven Rorida it was flown during the seaplane fly-in by Willies daughter Belle

HG FRAUTSCHY PHOTOS

Sometimes you just need to use the transportation you have to get your newfound treasures back to your car

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 7

The Grand Champion Antique award was presented to Less Whittlesleys 1939 Lockheed 12A Electra Jr which was also the Antique Grand Champion at last years AirVenture Oshkosh 2006

RIGHT Unless youre awor1d traveler whos been to Europe its unlikely youve ever actually seen the Saab Safir 91 alow-wing trainer built by the automobileairshycraft manufacturer Lars De Jounge who now hails from Vero Beach Florida has lovingly restored this example which was presented with an Outstanding in Type award Lars tells us he plans on bringing the airplane to EAA AirVenture Oshkosh 2007

One more time The Luscombe Silvaire Aircraft Company (also known as Renaissance Aircraft) is now located on the Historic Flabob Airport in Riverside Califorshynia The company is planning to produce the venerable Luscombe Silvaire as their model LSA-8 powered by the newly available Continental 0-200 engine

wwwluscombemiddotsilvairecom JUN E 2007 8

Some folks think the Franklin 6A4-165-B3 engine was afactory option at the Aeronca factory for the 15AC Sedan it was no~ as the original STC was issued to Maine Air Service It certainly adds just a litHe more oomph to the performance of this fine 4-place airplane as owner Don Wilson can attesl Wilsons recent beautiful restoration which features seaplane door conversions and the very handy STCd fueling steps supplied by Burls Aircraft Rebuild of Chugiak Alaska Burl holds the Type Certificate for the Sedan and has been steadily adding to the available parts list

___~~~_ __~ for the Sedan

HG FRAUTSCHY PHOTOS

RIGHT William Sharpe from nearby Tampa Florida brought his 1962 Mooney M20C over to Sun nFun for aday or so

Even an altercation with a runway logging truck couldnt keep restorer Gorgeous weather was the norm for nearly every day during this years Sun nFun

and the annual picnic for the Vintage Aircraft area hosted by VAA Chapter 1(Florida Sport Aviation Antique and Classic Association-FSAACA) is always abig hit with the Vintage crowd as you can see by the nearly standingmiddotroom only crowd

VINTAG E AIRPLANE

pilot Jeff Smith of Asheboro North Carolina from Sun nFun with his brilmiddot liant restoration of his 125 hp Temco Globe Swift First purchased by Smith in 1996 hes carefully been restoring and polishing the essentially stock airmiddot plane for the past decade creating abeautiful showplane

9

Bill Scott of Springhill Florida restored his Stinson 108-3 with no intentions of selling it but the new owner Jim Gibson from Polk City FL worked on him for several years before he finally gave in_

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One of tile Inmdreds of volunteers on hand to help put on tile annual spring migration to Florida Bill Wedlund of Jacksonville Florida gives the stop signal to Kennit Sutton of Naples Florida as Kennit taxis in with his turbine DeHavilland Beaver conversion

Ron Haynes brought his lovely Piper Cub to Sun nFun from New Port Richey Florida Parked near the emergency aircraft repair building (thats afork lift behind the Cub) Rons Cub looked like just the ticket for enjoying the Florida air with the window and door open

Kent Pietschs 1942 S-l Interstate Cadet is flown in airshows all over the world (in January he flew in the AI Ain Aerobatic Show at Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates) and is now decorated in the colors of his new sponsor Jelly Belly jellybeans

10 JUNE 2007

An earty Model TA hydro in the air Note the tubular wing tip floats

The story of the Thomas-Morse Aircraft Corporation Part II

BY AL K ELCH

PHOTOS FROM THE WILLIAM T THOMAS JR COLLECTION VIA ROBERT G ELLIOTT

Preface two-part story in two 1960 issues of American Airman exshy1982-The following three-part article on the Thomasshy tensively researched by Frank Strand with a great deal oforigishy

Morse Aircraft Corp although extensively edited and further nal contact with William Thomas Sr researched by me should be credited to Robert C Elliott of Frank had permission to use all ofthe material he had gathshyDaytona Beach Florida who sought out William T Thomas ered to put together one more article specially tailored for VinshyIr still living in Daytona Beach Mr Thomas generously tage Airplane magazine on the Tommy-Morse Scout of World shared pictures and recollections of his father plus some mashy War I fame For the real Tommy buffs it would pay to seek out terial from the personal collections of Paul D Wison one of his extensive two-part story in the American Airman for lune the three original test pilots Robert submitted to me fresh mashy and luly 1960 Frank also did Profile No 68 published by Proshyterial on the earlier portions of the Thomas airplane venture file Publications Ltd PO Box 26 1A North St Leatherhead On researching several older articles I zeroed in on a wonderful Surrey England

In 1913-1914 the attention of the Thomas Aeroplane Company was turned to the development of flying boats following the similar course of Glenn Curtiss The first machine was quite crude with a wooden hull and the top deck covered with canvas powered with a six-cylinder 90-hp

Austro-Daimler engine The developshyment of this phase of Thomas flying boats went through some sleek mashyhogany-hulled versions on to develop the first metal-hulled hydroplane in America Along with the flying boats several interesting types developed including a two-place version of the

same airplane both powered by 90shyhp Austro-Daimler engines In adshydition a single-place monoplane reminiscent of the Bleriot was flown using a 40-hp Maxi-motor This Thomas monoplane proved unsuitshyable for exhibition work

It was about this time another Mr REPRINTED FROM Vintage Airplane AUGUST 1982

VI NTAGE AIRPLANE 11

An early Thomas tractor hydroplane with single float and wing tip floats

Riglrt-side view of a 1916 hydroplane two-place Model B-3 Austro-Daimler powered

A much earlier Thomas hydroplane with a 90-hp Austro-Daimler engine The forward section of the hull had a fabric cover to furnish protection from the spray

With a 90-hp Austro Austro-Daimshyler engine this metal-hulled Thomas hydroplanes fuel tank was located on top of a wing

~ t J 4 bull i

bull

~r -9shy bull r 0middot -

12 J U NE 2007

Two Guns White Cap chief of the Blackfoot Indians with pilot Ralph Brown WT Thomas at right The Inmiddot dian brought the whole tribal family to witness the flight Once off the water the chief let out a war whoop to let evmiddot eryone know he was quite pleased

The Brindley Street plant in Ithaca New York about 1915 where the Tmiddot2 and Dmiddot2 tractor planes were built

Thomas was due to be added to the company This gentleman had no relation to the founders of the comshypany but he was destined to change and influence the companys direcshytion substantially Mr B Douglas Thomas became the chief engineer and airplane designer He had an exshycellent aircraft background having previously worked as assistant airshycraft deSigner for Vickers Ltd and later Sopwith Aviation Through simshyilar circumstance he also worked for Glenn Curtiss where he assisted in designing the famous Curtiss Model J tractor and the famous Jenny He also took part with Lt Porte in designing the America the first multiple-engine flying boat built for the purpose of transatlantic flight

Upon being employed by the Thomas Bros Airplane Co B Dougshylas Thomas designed its first successshyful tractor biplane The model was deSignated T-2 and was similar to the Model J Curtiss except for the addi-

Morris Chain Co Ithaca New York a subsidiary of BorgmiddotWarner where WT Thomas eventually merged his interests Mr Morris owned controlmiddot ling interest with WT Thomas as vice president

VINTAGE AIRPLA NE 13

The board room group disshycussing aircraft business Left to right Harold Bliss BD Thomas GeorgeAbel Jerome Freed Mr Morris W T Thomas Raymond Ware BD Thomas was no relation to WT Thomas

Employees of the Thomas Brothers Aeroplane Co Ithaca New York Brindley Street plant

H might be Frank Burn-side standing beside the large trainer at the Thomas School of Aviation near Hhaca New York Note that the ailerons were emshyployed up top wing only Exshyhaust stacks rose from the top of the engine and were attached to pipe which wrapped around both sides of the fuselage WT Thomas flying school was the first Board of Regents Chartered Aviation School in New York State This plane was possishybly a Model 02

14 JUNE 2007

Side profile of an assemshybled Thomas Aero Motor The hand crank was preshy

ferred to swinging the prop on a geared ltwo-to-one)

engine Note the individual cylinder primers beside

spark plugs

tion of two nose skids and the 90-hp Austro-Daimler engine It had a top speed of 83 mph and could climb 3800 feet in 10 minutes carrying a lOOO-pound load The performance of this machine added to the prestige of the companys having hired a new deshySigner and resulted in an order from the British Adshymiralty for 24 Model T-2 airplanes its first sizable order

Wit h two pre v i 0 u s One of 15 Model SH-4 hydroplanes built by Thomas-Morse for the US Navy in about 1916 It moves from Hornell New York and Bath New York

was powered with a 149-hp Sturtevant engine

the brothers looked for a new locashy signed and built a 135-hp geared commissioned in the Royal Flying tion in which to expand Ithaca New engine with the help of designers Corps This brought a number of pishyYork at the southern end of Cayuga GeorgeAbel and Harold Bliss also two lots to the shores of Cayuga Lake as Lake was a natural choice with flat of the founders of this new division World War I gained intensity fields for takeoff and landing and a In 1915 two seaplanes designated The expansion and all of the activishy40-mile-long lake constituting an SH-4 and SH-5 were built for the ties had put considerable financial strain ideal seaplane or flying boat test area Navy and the D-5 tractor plane was on the Thomas companies A refinancshyThis coupled with the cold-weather developed for the Signal Corps Furshy ing was accomplished by merging the ability to fly from the ice resulted in ther development in 1916 resulted in airplane and engine division with the an ideal location production of the SH-4 seaplane and flying school then merging with the

Shortly after the move to Ithaca IS were built for the US Navy Morse Chain Co of Ithaca New York BD Thomas designed a new model With the prestige of not only an Thus the final name that is so wellshytheD-2 tractor biplane This was the airplane company but also a moshy known Thomas-Morse Aircraft Corp first use of the new Thomas entershy tor company and a flying school was born January 31 1917 in time to prise which was to build its own enshy The Thomas School of Aviation was build the famous World War I fighters gines This auxiliary company called picked by the Canadian government To be concluded in next months The Thomas Air Motor Co had de- for pilots who would train to become issue of Vintage Airplane

V I N T AGE AI RPLA NE 15

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bull SIAIWel uO~lnod all~

There seems to be two distinctly different types of people in the world of little airplanes those who love and adore the Aeronca Chief and those who wouldnt know an Aeronca Chief if they found it floating in their coffee Its not a question of liking it or disliking it because its one of those airplanes that has such a low recognition factor that a relatively

small percentage of the pilot popushylation even knows it exists In some ways thats a good thing because it has helped keep the prices down for those who want a Chief of their own One of those is Danny Poulton of Belshyton South Carolina

The Poultons Chief is not your avshyerage Chief Were all used to seeing the 11AC (65 hp) or the 11CC (85 hp)

-the postwar Super Chief-but theirs is an lIBe Were not sure it ever carshyried a name but maybe we should call it the Not-Quite-Super-Chief It came out of the factory in 1947 with a C8S-8 which meant no provisions for a starter Not a normal one anyway It had a McDowell starter which was a combination of ratcheted sprockets and a lever that worked very much like the pull starter on a lawn mower with the cable going back to a hanshydle in the cockpit By the time Danny bought the airplane as a project in Michigan the starter had long since disappeared In fact everything fireshywall-forward had disappeared But were getting ahead of ourselves

Danny had owned a number of airplanes in the past and in fact had learned to fly while he was still in high school

We had aviation on my moms side of the family he says My unshycle was an airframe and powerplant mechanic (AampP) and a fUll -time corshyporate pilot and he encouraged me

He progressed through a number of airplanes most of them some varishyation of the Piper PA-28 line includshying an Arrow although a 63 C-l72 did follow him home one day

I met Donna and aviation beshycame part of our life he says In fact we were married in a 421 Cessna at five thousand feet over Anderson South Carolina

Danny didnt get into vintage airshyplanes until four years ago with the Chief It was a form of therapy because he was on a crusade to lose weight

I had let myself balloon up to 460 pounds and if I was going to live I had to lose the weight I had two sons Dale and JD and a wonderful wife and I didnt want to lose all of that just beshycause I was overweight So I started looking for an airplane to rebuild as a way to keep myself busy We live on an airpark and we had a great guy Gene Richburg living just down the runshyway from us He was 82 years old at the time and knew everything there was to know about rebuilding airplanes and he volunteered to help me

So Danny launched on two projshyects at the same time both of them

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 17

Danny Poulton holds open the top cowl to reveal the Continental C-SS installation It appears Danny has decided not to trust his Chief mechanical fuel gauges which are known to be troublesome and is using an old standby the wire and cork float gauge so common prior to World War II

In keeping with the restrained nature of Dannys customized Chief a few nice touches such as the upholstered side panels and polished control wheel caps brighten up the otherwise original-looking cabin Look closely and you can see the toe brake pedals on the pilots side of the cockpit Those pedals are seen only on the UBC UCC and lSAC Sedan

The tubular structure of the landing gear is covered with an aluminum fairshying leading to a nicely finished pair of replica fiberglass wheelpants The small cable attached to the trailing edge of the landing gear is a safety cable It was originally installed in case of a failshyure of the originally installed phenolic piston within the oleo strut Later after an airworthiness directive (47-20-02) and Aeronca Service Helps and Hints No 12 required changing the phenoshylic part to one made of aluminum the need for the cable was negated but most owners keep it just in case

monumental The first was to lose weight and the second to find a projshyect that fit his goals and skill levels

I didnt look long and actually found the Chief on eBay It belonged to an AampP in Michigan who had started to rebuild it and then decided to put it up for sale I hadnt done anything like this before so I was reshyally not sure of what I was doing but I hooked up my trailer and headed up to Michigan to buy the Chief That was in July of 2003

What he saw when he got to Michshyigan was enough to encourage him so he loaded it up and brought it back to South Carolina As is always the case however he wouldnt really know what he had until he did a thorshyough inventory back home

The large dorsal fin on the llBC Chief (also used on the UCC) makes identifishycation of the higher-horsepower Chiefs a bit easier

18 JUNE 2007

When we unloaded at home Gene came over and we spread the entire collecshytion of stuff out to see what was missing and what kind of work was going to be needed In general the airshyframe was actually in great shape because the AampP

had already started workshying on it and had finished the major compon ents The wings were more or less complete and fini shed

and the work was beautiful About all th ey needed were the leading edges and to be covered

The fuselag e tubing had been cleaned and painted and most of the fuselage wood was usable too Part of the airplanes condition is probshyably because it had only 400 hours on it and had spent most of its life stored inside somewhere We dont have much of the airplane s history but you could see by looking at the wood and steel that it hadnt been left outside to rot like so many Chiefs have been

When we were done inventorying it we found a lot of missing or unusshyable stuff that I hadn t noticed when picking it up It had no tail wheel or wing struts and the doors were not only the wrong doors but were badly crushed There were no control yokes and all of the logos were missing Same thing for all of the interior upshyholstery boards Plus there was esshysentially nothing firewall-forward I

Its still easy for most of those who h ave restored airplanes to rememshyber what it was like in the days beshyfore computers The dozens of trips to fly-markets the phone calls and the constant surveillance of Trade-ashyPlane were not only aggravating but added a huge amount of time to finshyishing the project Danny came into the Vintage world PC post computer so he was able to take full advantage of cyber searching for parts

Besides buying the airplane on eBay that service proved to be a tershyrific source for some of the rarer parts I needed Among other things thats

Whats in a Model Number By HG Frautschy

The differences between the llBC Chief and the llCC Super Chief are tough to spot but in todays sport pilot market one distinction can spell the

difference between flying one and just owning one

Both airplanes are powered by the Continental C85-8 and both came equipped with the rather clever McDowell starter The McDowell was vilified by

some as being a cheap substitute for an electrical starter but having had one

for years on my Super Chief Id have to say it s one of the neatest inventions

added to the postwar lightplane If treated with respect and used in the way the manufacturer intended it worked perfectly It did have one design weakness

that could have been easily solved but it didnt last long enough on the market to make it that far

The McDowell was activated using a cable with a ball swaged on the end

Because of the way the ball and cable were retained in the starters pulley

sheave the cable would fray and then break just below the ball or an overly

enthusiastic pull on the starter cable would pull the ball right off the end If Mcshy

Dowell had used a small fitting inside the sheeve to allow for a straight pull on

the cable (and if the cable had a ball and shank swaged fitting) Im convinced the McDowell would have been much more popular

It allowed for a lightweight starter to be installed on an airplane intended to be flown by casual travelers who were interested in ease of use and safety

It allowed my wife and her instructor both petite women to independently fly

the airplane without requiring a flip of the prop by someone else As long as

the engine was in good tune and one could reasonably expect the airplane to start when the impulse magneto fired the McDowell was a great way to pul l

the prop through safely

The 11BC and 11CC interiors were similar with a slight edge going to the

llCC for a few interior appointments added to enhance the automobile-like

feel to the cockpit Hap Granier the designer of the interior of all three postwar Aeroncas worked his magic on the Chiefs to give them a small sedan or coupe

feeling Bedford whipcord upholstery and side panels the zebrawood pattern wood-gra in-printed instrument panel and control wheels instead of control

sticks all contributed to that atmosphere

Both the 11CC and 11BC featured a large dorsal fin but the 11CC had a

different elevator stabilizer configuration That fact is sometimes lost on reshy

storers and aircraft modifiers who incorrectly (and illegally) put the earlier

11AC or llBC stab elevator combination on an llCC The 11CC has an aeroshy

dynamically balanced elevator designed to meet the hands-off gliding speed requirements of the then-new CAR 03 regulations Aeronca also had the llCC

certified in the Utility category as well as the Normal category with maximum gross weights of 1 290 and 1 350 pounds respectively That right there is a major difference in the airplanes as they are viewed in the market today The 11BC with a maximum gross weight of 1250 pounds is sport pilot eligible

while the llCC by virtue of its 1350 weight is not Interestingly a few llCC additions made it into the llBC as well Both

Chiefs as well as the four-place Aeronca Sedan shared the same rudder brake pedals with toe brakes instead of the heel brakes seen on the Champ Both feature flight characteristics similar to the Champ with the Chiefs having

the edge when it comes to cross-country flights With a 70-pound baggage alshylowance and up to 23 gallons of fuel on board the Chief is a great traveling machine if you re not in a hurry But when you re flying something as pretty as

a Chief whos in a big hurry

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 1 9

BONNIE KRATZ

He Danny Poultons Aeronca Chief features a custom color scheme that is reminiscent of the original decoration composed by Hap Granier for Aeroncas4012E side-by-side personal airplane

where I~gOt~t~h~e~iiiiiiiiiiibullbullbullbull con- trol yoke covers with the Aeronca logos the ashshytrays the bezels and the air box for the cabin heat I even found the pishytot tube and hand brake on eBay If I would have had to physically search for all of that stuff Id probably still be looking

Wag-Aero came to the rescue in supplying the struts and wing leadshying edges

III was able to use most of the origishynal boot cowl but the original noseshybowl was really bad and was cut for the McDowell starter so I used an STCd fiberglass replacement If I find a good original I may change that

11Th is airplane came out of the facshytory with toe brakes which were with the airplane and I stayed with the mechanical brakes and just installed new pads You dont really need

20 JUNE 2007

brakes on the airshyplane for anything so they work just fine

Danny was planning on flying the airplane a lot and added a venturi so he could run an artificial horizon and added air vent holes

When we were doing the inteshyrior there was no kit available for the headliner so a neighbor Phyllis Dalshyton sewed one up using the original material found on Chiefs That was really tedious Then I made the side panels and covered them with Airtex fabric and had to fabricate a new bagshygage door and make the boards for the seats

The panel had already been cleaned so the wood grain was gone but I decided not to try to put it on I did however make two metal glove

compartments for it The sliding windows were

original to the airplane but the polished prop isnt I just thought it looked betshyter polished

When the airframe was done and ready to be covered Danny went with Poly-Fiber and shot it with Aeroshythane but not in the original colshyors or scheme

IIAirtex had some sample seat covers for the airplane that were inexpensive so I bought them and had the paint mixed to go with the seat covers Also the paint stripes arent original They

mimic the factory scheme but arent exact I should also mention that I had some help with the fabric from Larry and Phyllis Dalton who helped cover the airplane This was my first time and they made it easy

Since Danny had no engine he was starting from scratch in that area The original was a C8S-8 but with his papaerwork he found a Supplemental Type Certificate (STC) that opened interesting new avenues

There was part of an STC in our paperwork that would let me install a -12 engine and that would allow me to have an electric starter which I reshyally wanted The problem was that the STC wasnt complete Plus the -8 mount is

than the shy12 so its not

a plug-andshyplay

change and I

expected some problems

getting the papershywork straightened out

I called the Atshylanta Flight Stanshydards District Office and really

lucked out The Coshylumbia Federal Aviashy

tion Agency (FAA) field examiner came out looked the airplane over and said hed be happy to clean up the paperwork and submit it to Atlanta for me What I thought was going to be a problem turned out to be quite easy

Unfortunately Danny found out that things dont always go easy when restoring an airplane and his headaches came in the form of his first engine

I had two sons

Dale and lD

and a wonderful

wife and 1 didnt

want to lose all of

that just because

1 was overweight

So 1 started

looking for an

airplane to rebuild

as a way to keep

myself busy

I bought a C8S-12 that had been overhauled I had flown it for about 22 hours when one cylinder lost a lot of compression so we pulled the jug When we got inside we found that the rod was just banging around in there and was loose on the crank When we split the case we found the crank was badly scored and a lot of metal had gone through the engine so I had to find another one

The second engine was freshly overhauled by an FAA-certified shop

in 2000 after a prop strike The guy I bought it from was building a homebuilt and

was afraid that the engine was going to sit too long before his

project was completed so he sold it Everything checked out to be perfect and it has been humming along with no problems since day one

We flew the airplane for the first time July I 2006 and I had a local pilot Gary Dalton do the test hop I dont mind telling you that I was nershyvous watching it When I flew it for the first time I had only 10 hours of tailshywheel time Id logged while getting my tail wheel endorsement I was a little nervous then too but everything went beautifully When we flew it it was alshymost exactly three years to the day that we unloaded it from the trailer

When I started I guess I became a little compulsive about working on it Id eat in the hangar work until 10 or 11 every night and sometimes Id wake up in the middle of the night and go out and work on it When Id get home from church on Sunday Id change clothes and go out and get something done Im glad I did it that way because it really helped me with the other problem

In the process of restoring his Chief Danny met several goals The first was finishing and flying his own Chief but the second and more imshyportant was taking control of his life From the time he started the Chief to the time he flew it he lost 230 pounds and added no telling how many years to his life Most people have difficulty committing to just finishing an airshyplane so Danny is to be congratushylated for two jobs well done ~

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 21

~The Bmiddot thof

Creating a classic design BY CHESTER L PEEK PHD

Could you in three months time design and build a new light plane without tools or factory and with very little money Impossible you say But that is just what eG Tayshylor did in the spring of 1936 when he introduced the legendary Taylorshycraft to the aviation world Heres the story

In the last week of December 1935 eG Taylor was confined to his bed ill and completely discourshy

aged Days before he and Bill Piper Hangar at Butler Pennsylvania 1936 Still in use today had signed a legal document that dissolved their troubled partnership For Taylors share of the Taylor Cub company (which was in debt more than $90000) he received approximately $5000 to be paid out in small installments over three years

Byron Shinn knew Taylor well both as a customer and friend In a 1991 letter he describes Taylors situashytion and subsequent events

Back in the 1930s we had a small manufacturing comshypany located in one of the hangars on the Butler Pennsylvashynia airport called The Shinn Devices Company We made aluminum wheels for aircraft 4 bead diameter 700X4 tire and at that time sold them to most of the light aircraft manshyufacturers including the Taylor and Piper organization in Bradford Pennsylvania We had a quite complete machine shop and engineering design business I remember how Taylorcraft got started One very cold winter day probably in December 1935 I drove up to see Taylor in Bradford The roads were terrible ice coated and I almost had several acshycidents When I got there I found Taylor sick in bed and in a very discouraged frame of mind He had just been kicked out of his company by Piper and had little or no money or employment I told him with his abilities as an aircraft deshysigner and builder that he should certainly try to get back in the business and offered to help if I could

I went back to Butler and contacted D Bar Peat who was a promoter a very nice fellow who was running the Butler

Ken SchoHer about 1980 airport I asked if he could raise some money to start Tayshy22 JUNE 2007

TAYLORCRAFT BY C 6 TAYLOR PlmBUR6H-BUTLER AIRPORT BunER PA

STABLE FAST A NEW LIGHT PLANE ECONOMICAL LOWPRICED

First Taylorcraft ad February 1936 Aero Digest

First Taylorcraft specifications Photo is of a model

during the

Depression

you NEVER

left a job

Yet these men

deeply loyal

to Taylor

came with him

to this chancy

new venture Byron Shinn about 1936

TAYLORCRAFT Model A

ATe pendingB_ Span 36 (11 m) Length 22 (67 m) Heicht 6 8 (21 m) Wm area 169 fLgt (156 ml) Power Ioodiaa 2IS IbsJhp (118 kcJho) WioJ Ioadma 58 1bbullJIt (293 kcl) Weicht empty 570 Ibs (259 kg) U falload 420 Ibs (190 kc) Payload 181 lbo (82 kcl Gr weiht m lbo (449kcr Bant I Ibs (5 kg) Fuel 10 gals

~L~~L11t1iLk hp

~~~gtam~~hm~~49 kph) l~ mph (51h ) Semlte laquoiliaC 101000 ft (4260 m) imb per min 400 It (122 tn) Cruig rang 210 mi (371 1aD) ~ F welded eel tubg four JODIeIODS of proareqjve diameters wood faired and fabric conrcd removable maine mouat j streued fot SO hp installamiddot tion Wg two paDdJ bolted to fuselafefabric _ ~ oectioo With eJlipticalJy rOUDded tips JOlid apruce JPlrs

Zplace ATC

metal ribs fabricated from drawn NicraJ secshytions sinclc drag wire bracinc built-up metal frame ailerons fabric COYered and of the balanced type with DO exposed horns

=r~~brTc ~~ai~~~wd~ removable fin elentor and stabiliurs inshyterlthanaeable right or IefL Landing rear =evbsor~ closed~~~es color ocJlulosc finish with trim Two-place flex-wine seat 39 inches ide--by-lide cabin fabric lined and fire-wall sound proofed all control cables and fittinp in the cabin are fully enclosed Baggag compartment 6- X 9- X w- back of seaL

~~6oo-~~bS~ wbeds DuPont Pluticell 1rindJhield rulr her mounted illltrument pampDe1 ~ Aeromarinc altimeter U S 011

~~itfra~~ pass or other instnunmts extra

Carlson and Harold White who were engineers Ken Tibbits and Les Salshychow Parks College graduates along with mechanics Colby Carpenter and William Crawford All these men had good secure jobs with Piper and durshying the Depression you NEVER left a job Yet these men deeply loyal to Taylor came with him to this chancy new venture All would eventually rise to responsible executive posishytions with Taylorcraft

Ken Scholter a local mechanic was hired as a welder Contemposhyrary reports credit him with most of the welding on the new plane Forshytunately he was also an amateur photographer and documented the building process on film He furshynished most of the photos shown in this article

Shinn resumes I When Taylor came to Butler he had very little money we all had very little money at that time I believe he got a small settlement from Piper for his share of the Cub company This was in the depths of the Depresshysion We doled the money out a few dolshylars at a time and started to build the first plane We used our machine shop to make the draw bench to make the rib parts and to make most of the parts jigs and dies that required machining

An engineering department was set up I hired a draftsman when Ray Carlshyson moved down from Bradford Tayshylor and the mechanics would make the parts and then the draftsman would

lor up again in the airplane business He along with Col make the drawings We designed a new wheel for the plane Breckenridge and some others did raise a little money about lightweight and very strong being constructed of an alumishy$1000 as I recall enough to include the building of the jigs num stamping fastened to a cast aluminum end rim Tayshyand fixtures and the first plane We moved Taylor and his lor and I also developed the new tapered axle which was family to Butler rented him a house and started work in a lighter and less costly A new Goodrich tire size 600 x 6 vacant hangar on the Butler airport SeveraL of Taylors men was used from Bradford came with him II The plane was designed and built during the first four

Actually six key Bradford employees left Piper and to five months of 1936 This must have been some sort of joined Taylor in the new enterprise They were Ray record When the plane was finished the test pilot Tibbits

VINTA GE A IR PLANE 23

One day we came to work

to find trucks backed up

to the hangar and Taylor

hauling away all the

Taylorcraft parts Batch of Shinn 800 x 4 wheelsjigs and fixtures

started the test flights First he taxied the plane up and down the runway then flew it the length of the runway just off the ground then made flights a bit higher and finally made circuits The plane flew very well but would not stall The CAA required proper recovery from a stall so Taylor worked on the horizontal tail surfaces so that a stall could be induced and the plane passed the CAA tests

Taylor was a design genius The CAA had just released a new-design wing curve and Taylor was the first I

ffi believe to use it The wing curve was ~ ~ faster and had a soft stall ~ This was the NACA 23012 airfoil z ~ Taylor once told the author that in

Fuselage structure 1935 he built a set of wings for the Cub using that airfoil but Piper veshytoed the change They were hanging on a wall when the Bradford factory burned in 1937

Shinn says I started an advertising campaign beginning with a very small ad in Aero Digest saying IISomething new is coming in Aviation The next ads told a little more People were very enthusiastic about the new plane It was much advanced over the Cub beshying faster with side-by-side seating and wheel controls Before long we had reshyceived down payments from over 50 customers $200 each as I recall This

ffi was due to correspondence with old ~ ~ Taylor Cub dealers and the Aero Dishy~ z gest ad In a 1992 interview Bob UJ

Taylor eGs son confirmed thisWing details He remembered his father waking

24 JUNE 2007

First A-40 run-up May 1936

him up one night in Butler and showing him $10000 in down payments

The first ad appeared in the February issue of Aero Digest and is shown on this page A later ad showed a photo of the plane but since no plane had been comshypleted at that time it was actually a snapshot of a model CG Taylor built on his kitchen table First the new trademark Taylorcraft was used but when Beechcraft threatened legal action claiming Taylorcraft sounded too much like Beechcraft the ads were changed to read Airplanes by GG Taylor However they resumed us-

CG Taylor and a Model ATaylorcraft 1936

ing the Taylorcraft name after sevshyeral months

Shinn continues D Bar Peat was always trying to promote the plane On Sundays they would put on an air show at the Butler airport and 200 to 300 people would atshytend Som e way he got the Taylorshycraft to lead the way when all the planes taxied by the grandstand at the Cleveland Air Races

Meanwhile in the hangar facshytory the prototype plane was beshying rushed to completion but not fast enough to suit Taylor He

once told the author I was away ~ from the plant for three days havshyo ~ ing given instructions to complete sect the engine mount When I returned

it was not done I hung the engine in the right place with a chain hoist we

cut the tubing to (it and it was done in an hour On May 1 the Continental A-40 engine SIN 635

was run up for the first time then on May 8 Taylor signed an application for an experimental certificate Only eight days later on Saturday May 16 CAA inshyspector RA Young witnessed the test flight and issued certificate X-16393 to the first Taylorcraft SIN 25 Apshyproximately three months had elapsed from the time construction was started until the new plane was airshyborne A remarkable achievement

It was a beautiful plane sleek and streamlined a far VINTAGE AIRPLANE 25

Test flight of the first Taylorcraft May 1936

1 rryen~~A1~~~ )~ ~- shyITS A - -=- (=- = --- I FAF

BEAUTY 51495middot00-----shy~GRACEFULLY CONTINENTAL

STREAMLINED - - _ MOTOR

C G TAYL O R bull PlttsburqhmiddotBuUer Airport bull Bu tler Penna

April 1936 ad in Aero Digest

cry from Taylors boxy square-cornered E-2 Cub With side-by-side seating and wheel controls it rivaled much larger more expensive planes such as the Waco and Stinson Weight had been kept to a minimum the proshytotype weighed only 570 pounds It was much faster than the Cub The first prospective customers who flew the plane verified the advertised cruising speed of 80 mph In a race with two locals an Aeronca C-3 and a Kinner Fleet the Taylorcraft won easily

The investors at Butler were elated With nearly 100 orders and down payments received for their new plane they envisioned a rapid production buildup and the prospects of a thriving profitable enterprise Their faith however had been misplaced

Shinn continues But unknown to D Bar Peat and me Taylor had been talking to others about financing and a place to manufacture the plane One day we came to work to find trucks backed up to the hangar and Taylor haulshying away all the Taylorcraft parts jigs and fixtures They moved to Alliance Ohio where they got one years free rent on a large old airplane factory financing and tax breaks D Bar Peat and I retained a lawyer to try to get back our inshyvestment eventually getting back some shares ofTaylorcraft 26 JUNE 2007

stock instead of money And Piper quit buying my wheels and switched to Hayes

Happily Taylor and Shinn soon put their legal difshyferences behind them and remained good friends and business associates for many years

Shinn was not alone in his disappointment when the unexpected move came Scholter was out of a job In 1992 he made this comment They left Butler owing me almost a months pay which I never got But they did give me a very nice letter of recommendation

The Alliance Review newspaper proudly announced the arrival of the new aircraft enterprise in its July 9 1936 edition But that is a story for another day

Authors note When researching my book The Taylorcraft Story in

1992 I was privileged to personally interview four prishymary information sources regarding the Butler Pennshysylvania events eG Taylor Bob Taylor Ken Scholter and Byron Shinn The history above was taken from those interviews and contemporary newspaper articles

_ 55 ~a-~~~ition

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LIN COL N MERCURY

EXTRA The Butler Manufacturing Co NL-I3 biplane

The March 2007 Mystery Plane is the 1932 Butler Manufacturing Co NL-13 biplane designed by Albin Kasper Longren (sometimes simply reshyferred to as the Longren NL-13)

AK Longren had a very long and interesting aviation career Born in a log cabin near Clay Center Kansas in 1882 he was the one of 14 children born to Swedish immigrant homeshystead farmers Charles and Emma Lonshygren In 1901 he took a business course from the International Corresponshydence School (ICS) which he followed up with an ICS diploma in mechanical engineering from 1907-1911

Longrens interest in aviation beshygan with his observations of Henry L Call in 1908 Call originally a New York lawyer author and socialist had moved to Girard Kansas in February of 1908 in order to construct a large and ungainly flying machine powered by two 20-hp Curtiss B-4 engines Known as the Mayfly and The Chicken (among other colorful names) the airshycraft failed to fly despite modification Call enjoyed the support of the nashytional socialist newspaper An Appeal to Reason and constructed several aircraft under the aegis of The Aerial Navigashytion Company of America starting in 1908 before the company changed its name

Beginning in 1911 Call manushyfactured two-cylinder and fourshycylinder horizontally opposed air-cooled engines which h e marshyketed to would-be aviators through

28 JUNE 2007

BY WESLEY SMITH

advertisements (primarily in Aircraft and Fly magazines published by Alshyfred W Lawson of 1920 Lawson Airshyliner fame) The two-cylinder Call was rated at 45 hp and the four-cylshyinder engine was rated at 90 hp Call engines were among the first aircraft engine to be fitted with mufflers an individual muffler being attached to the exhaust port of each cylinder

With his brother EJ Longren and a mechanic named William Janeke Longren constructed a Curtiss-type pusher biplane in Topeka Kansas Beshygun in the summer of 1910 the Toshypeka I was not completed until the fall of 1911 Fitted with a 60-hp Hall-Scott A-2 a water-cooled V-8 the Topeka I became the first successful aircraft to be completed in the state of Kansas Longren made his first flight on Sepshytember 2 and on September 5 1911 he made two flights the first flight reaching about 225 feet in altitude and covering 15 miles and the secshyond reaching about 300 feet and covshyering six miles

Of course Longren was only one of numerous individuals who built Curtiss-type pushers Plans for early Herring-Curtiss machines were pubshylished in Aeronautics and other aviashytion periodicals as well as in books With some individual alterations many such aircraft were built in the United States prior to Americas entry into World War 1

At any rate Longren soon went into the exhibition business with

H Young renaming the Topeka I as the Dixie Flyer The words Dixie Flyer - AK Longren - Aviator were painted on the underside of the Topeka IDishyxie Flyers monoplane canard Between 1911 and 1914 Longren gave 1372 exhibition flights in Kansas Texas Oklahoma Nebraska and Colorado for the Young Aviation Co

In 1912 Longren built a second Curshytiss-type with a Hall-Scott A-2 This airshycraft incorporated the improvements Curtiss had made to his newer aircraft during 1911-1912 and in due course the mid-gap ailerons were moved to the trailing edges of the upper wing This aircraft was sold to Longrens forshymer student and friend Phil Billard who used it to give exhibition flights This aircraft sometimes known as the Topeka II was presented to the Kansas State Historical Society in 1938 where it still exists as a display

In the spring of 1914 Longren took time to marry Ms Dolly Trent Later that winter (1914-1915) Longren built his first entirely original aircraft design - a two-place tractor biplane again seshylecting the reliable Hall-Scott as the powerplant During an exhibition at the Dickson County Fair at Abilene on September 9 1915 the aircraft stalled on takeoff and was destroyed hitting an automobile that was leaving the fairshygrounds Longrens passenger was relashytively unscathed but Longren suffered a broken leg and several internal injuries

While recovering from his injushyries in early 1916 Longren with Phil

Billard began the construction of his fourth aircraft the Model G The Model G was a clean two-place tractor biplane with a strong resemblance to a Curtiss IN-4 In fact it was powered by a Curtiss OX-2 and was intended for sale to the warring European powers However only two were sold one to the Kansas National Guard the other being used for exhibition flights

Late in the year Longren built a small tractor biplane sometimes reshyferred to as the Longren Bus The conshystruction featured a three-ply wooden monocoque fuselage and was built for William Burt of Okmulgee Oklahoma A second machine was constructed for Lester Miller of Dallas Texas who inshytended to use the aircraft for aerobatic exhibitions By late 1917 Longren had moved on to another two-place design known as the Model H As in the case of the earlier Longren Bus the Model H used a wooden monocoque fuselage The Model H was powered by a Curshytiss 90-hp OX-5 engine unfortunately while on his way to Kansas City Misshysouri Longren suffered an engine failshyure near Wakarusa Kansas The aircraft was destroyed in a crash which proved fatal to a cow standing in the field in which Longren was forced down He was made to pay $10000 in restitution to the angry farmer After that interest in the Model H faded away

Late in 1917 Longren became involved with Frederick W Buck MD ME and applied for a posishytion as chief engineer with the Buck Aircraft and Munitions Co of Denshyver To what extent Longren became involved with Dr Buck is unknown Buck (a long with Elmer Sperry and later Charles F Kettering at DaytonshyWright) had plans to develop and sell an aerial torpedo - essentially a small 50-hp biplane cruise misshysile which was intended to fly on a preprogrammed course then shed its wings at the proper time and place depositing a bomb contained within the crude fuselage framework

Longrens career took another path after his debacle with the Model H After failing to establish a new airshycraft company in Overland Park Kansas Longren eventually took a

position at McCook Field as an airshycraft inspector The Great War had cost Longrens friend Phil Billard his life when he was killed in a flying accident while serving in Issoudun France Longrens position at McshyCook had allowed him the opportushynity to examine every domestic and foreign-built aircraft tested there unshytil the time of his departure in 1919 On June 17 1919 Longren formed the Longren Aircraft Corp in Topeka Kansas using a former woolen mill in the Oakland suburb as the site for the new corporation The first aircraft to come out of the plant was the rebuilt Model H now resurrected as the H-2 It is unclear as to how the H-2 differed from the earlier Model H but by midshy1920 Longren had gone in yet another direction with the construction of the two-place Model D-2 - a small aircraft powered by a three-cylinder Y conshyfiguration Lawrence Model B engine of 35-60 hp Within a year the D-2 had evolved to become the Longren Model AK Sport

Described in the pages of Aviashy

tion and Aerial Age Weekly (Volume 11 Number 12 Sept 291921 pages 336-337 and Volume 14 Numshyber 3 Sept 26 1921 pages 55-56 respectively) the two-place Longren Sport or Fibre Sport was a sensational design that incorporated the three-ply laminated wooden monocoque fuseshylage of the 1916 Longren Bus and the 1917 Model H and a set of folding biplane wings to facilitate storage It is unclear as to how the fuselage of the Sport may have differed from earshylier Longren monocoque construcshytion techniques if at all

However a 1925 Longren patent describes the use of diamond-shaped wood fibre shell (procured from the National Fibre Co) being covered with an additional two layers of wood laminations on either side The fushyselage was made in upper and lower halves using steam-pipe-heated conshycrete male and female molds clamped together using 6000 pounds of presshysure The sections were then trimmed and dried with special provision for humidity control before being joined

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 29

to a framework of grooved ash longeshyrons and formers The fuselage formshyers were made of three-ply materials engine-bearing formers were made of a seven-ply material The formers were in turn attached to the fuseshylage shells with screws Finally the fushyselage was varnished inside and out with Valspar varnish the exterior reshyceiving a coat of pigmented varnish before a final clear coat

Sold with both Lawrence Model Lshy2 three-cylinder Y-style and Anzani sixshycylinder radial engines the Longren Fibre Sport was flown in several notashyble Midwestern aviation events during the early 1920s During the American Legion Air Meet at Kansas City (Octoshyber 31 - November 3 1921) the Sport made 38 consecutive loops while being flown by ND Trinler Two Sports were also flown during a special efficiency race held at Omaha Nebraska on Noshyvember 11 An AK Sport again flown by Trinler placed second with a speed of 7791 mph when flown over a 153shymile triangular course Later that Noshyvember two AK Sports were placed at the disposal of the Kansas City Star to deliver newspapers from Kansas City to Lawrence Kansas in record time During a game between the Missouri Tigers and the Kansasjayhawks a teleshygraph wired a play-by-play account of the football game to the Stars office The newspapers were then promptly set printed and delivered via aircraft to the Lawrence street vendors beshyfore departing fans were even able to reach their homes

After establishing a climb record for Longren aircraft in 1922 the Longren Sport attracted the attention of customshyers from as far away as China and the Soviet Union In 1923 the US Navy became interested and on February 19 1924 Lt jB Kneip flew the accepshytance tests for the first of three Lonshygren AK Sports that were sold to the Navy (serial numbered A6745 through A6747) The first machine was shipped to Washington DC for testing at the Anacostia Naval Air Station while the other two were delivered to Pensacola However documentation of their subshysequent testing and use by the Navy remains elusive

30 JUNE 2007

Photos of Longren Sports and the later NL-13 show the distinctive Lonshygren company logo painted on the side of the fuselage and perhaps a few words need to be said about it This consisted of four capital ilLs joined at the top of each letter This formed a crux gammata or swastika although the direction the letters pointed was counter-clockshywise as opposed the symbols use on aircraft flown by Nazi Germany in which the bottom of the ilLs point in a clockwise direction Prior to its adoption by the Nazi Party this ancient symbol was seen as far afield at the Southwestshyern United States where it was a sacred symbol of Native Americans and in Inshydia and in Runic Europe During The Great War the Indian head emblem of Seaplane Pilots Association (SPA) 124 included a crux gammata as part of the headdress worn by the Native Amerishycan chief tan In its time and place it was considered as a symbol of good forshytune and was in no way considered to be an insult In fact after World War I Finland adopted a grayish-blue crux

gammata inscribed within a white circle as the national insignia for its aircraft In Longrens case the ilL was inscribed with a second ilL and the rest of the letters in Longrens surname In addishytion to that a circular logo and was placed at the center of the emblem to which a set of wings and a propeller reached out to a point near the tips of the ilLs So as it turns out the Lonshygren swastika was covered by what might roughly be considered a crux

immissa or crucifix Longren had no connections to fascist idealism The company logo which originated in the Midwest in the early 20s was simply a clever play on the primary letter in Longrens surname

No matter how good an aircraft the Longren Sport was the company could not survive on such limited orders and the last aircraft was sold in May of 1924 The remaining company assets patents and facilities were sold at an auction in March 1926 The Longren Sport was resurrected briefly in 1928 when the American Eagle Aircraft Corporation of Kansas City Missouri built a solitary aircraft as the Model A-429 However the aircraft was much different than the

original Longren Sport and the design was not pursued further Following the collapse of his company Longren was hired by Willis Brown to become viceshypresident of production at the Spartan Aircraft Co in Tulsa When Brown left in 1929 Longren also moved on to beshycome a design consultant at the Butshyler Manufacturing Co at Kansas City Butler had planned to manufacture the Butler Blackhawk biplane However the company was unable to do this and all manufacturing was halted in 1931 At this pOint Longren made a deal to build a new airplane -- the NL-13

Registered as X12538 and sporting the distinctive Longren fuselage logo the NL-13 (NL possibly standing for New Longren) fuselage was built usshying a new machine-forming method for heat-treated duralumin sheets The upper and lower fuselage halves of the 1932 NL-13 biplane were joined to T-shaped longerons and riveted toshygether Fuselage formers also made of liT cross-section were riveted to the halves creating a very strong duralushymin semi-monocoque fuselage Like the earlier Longren AK the NL-13 had twin side-by-side seating The powerplant of the aircraft was a Martin 333 of 120 hp With the exception of the wing spars the NL-13 was of all-metal construction the wings being fabric covered

The aircraft was first tested by George Gay in August of 1932 At that time Gay worked for the aeronautics branch of the Civil Aeronautics Administrashytion (CAA) The aircraft was found to be slightly tail-heavy This was cured by a slight stabilizer adjustment The engine also suffered from a slight overshyheating problem This was corrected by enlarging the cooling louvers and subshystituting the original propeller with anshyother type

The NL-13 had a span of 28 feet and a length of 22 feet Apparently the goal of the NL-13 was to obtain a military contract After further testing at Roosshyevelt Field Long Island New York the fuselage of the NL-13 was sold to the United States Army Air Corps and underwent stress evaluation at Wright Field Dayton OhiO in june 1933 After slight modification to some of the stiff-

continued on page 37

Flying to me is all about having fun Its grass strips and old

friends and old airplanes The folks at AUA understand my kind

of flying and my kind of airplanes They provide great service

at very good rates and they know me as an individual not just

a policy number

- Darrell Jenkins

Dan-ell Jenkins Heber Springs AR

bull Private pilot single-engine land and sea

bull 500 hours total shy300 in taildraggers

bull Current aircraft 1948 Ercoupe 415-E

AUA is Vintage Aircraft Association approved To become a member of VAA call 800middot843middot3612

AUAs Exclusive fAA Vintage AircraftJUsociation Insurance Program

Lower liability and hull premiums - Medical payments induded - Fleet discounts for multiple aircraft carrying all risk coverages

continued from page 3

EAA Seeks to Preserve Access to Repair Station Services

EAA cautions that proposed aircraft repair station certification regulations could harm many small general aviashytion shops and adversely affect airshycraft owners seeking to maintain the airworthiness of their aircraft

The FAA estimates the cost for deshyveloping and implementing a new quality system called for by the proshyposed regulations at $34500 per reshypair station Many small operations cannot afford such an expense and it could force some to close their doors

We fear that these requirements would ultimately result in diminshyished availability of qualified and experienced maintenance expertise especially for the vintage fleet said Earl Lawrence EAA vice president of industry and regulatory affairs Airshycraft owners could be forced to use maintenance facilities with less speshycialized experience on their aircraft type making it more difficult to comshyplete major repairs and changes to small aircraft potentially impacting safety as well

EAA also questions the feasibility of requiring repair stations to mainshytain an approved capability list for each make series and model of airshycraft its permitted to work on Many small operators often inspect and maintain virtually hundreds of airshycraft types creating an administrashytive nightmare

EAA is willing to discuss how the FAA could best address its quality concerns while ensuring the ownshyers of small aircraft continue to have ready access to repair station services One suggestion EAA proposed is to exempt or lessen requirements for smaller shops with fewer than a given number of employees

EAAs full comments can be found at wwwEAAorgcommunications eaanewsRepa ir_Station_NPRM_Draftpdf The notice of proposed rulemaking is at httpDMSESDOTgovdocimages pdf99431749_webpdf 32 JUNE 2007

Young Eagle 13 Million Hails From New Mexico

Arlene Martinez in the right seat with volunteer Young Eagles pilot Paul Rachels

The EAA Young Eagles program the worlds most successful youth aviation initiative ever has registered the 13-millionth Young Eagle flown She is Arlene Martinez age 12 of Yuma Arizona who took her flight on March 17 at Somerton Airport (54AZ) in a Cessna 170 piloted by Paul Rachels EAA 633950 Rachels is president and Young Eagles coordinator for Yuma EAA Chapter 590

Arlene was very enthusiastic said Rachels who has flown 123 Young Eagles She definitely enjoyed the flight and would like to do it again He always gets a kick out of how kids react to their special flights Its as incredible an experience

for me as it is for them and I have 700 hours of flight time Steve Buss EAA Young Eagles executive director called it another important

milestone for the program which this year marks its 15th anniversary year-the birthday will be marked at AirVenture this year Its wonderful to recognize Paul and Arlenes flight but we also applaud the outstanding continuing support and enthusiasm for Young Eagles by our members We extend our congratulations to all who have helped the program reach this unprecedented level of participation

Nominations Due June 15 for EAA Young Eagles Awards Each year EAA honors several special volunteers at EAA AirVenture with the

annual Young Eagles awards and theres still time to nominate a deserving pershyson for 2007

Nominations for the following awards are being accepted through June 15

bull Chapter Coordinator bull Field Representative bull Ground Support Volunteer bull Young Eagles Humanitarian (presented for efforts to reach special needs

Young Eagles) bull Young Eagles Horizon Award (recognizing efforts to go beyond the basic

Young Eagles flight) Awards will be presented at a special ceremony held at EAA AirVenture Museshy

ums Eagle Hangar on Wednesday July 25 To download the official nomination form visit wwwYoungEaglesorgvolunteersaward_nominationpdf

BY BUCK HILBERT

The very beginning of airworthiness certificates pilot certificates

For many years Ive talked and writshy barnstormers and promote some ten about the beginnings of the Aero order and safety to their flying It had Club of America (ACA) now known one other side effect No record atshyas the National Aeronautic Associashy tempt or air show (or air meet as they tion (NAA) Ive explained how this were called back then) could be staged pioneer era appointed Orville Wright without the approval of the Aero as the chairman of the Contest amp Reshy Club which was affiliated with the cords Board and how a pilot registrashy international governing body the Feshytion program came into being deration Aeronautique Internationale

The World War I pilots returning (FAI) The contestant was required to home were barnstorming and othershy be a member of the Aero Club which wise doing their best to make a living then issued a certification to the pishyin aviation That led to attempts to lot Hence the FAlSporting License register and somehow civilize these old-timers would show was signed by

Certifying Aircraft and Pilots

AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATE IauecI to VIlICElll ASTOR Arw 23 W 26th Sl BYCit shy

m~ts CnltiUs that the Aircraft described below has been Inspected and found AiruIo~ for daylight llyin on AJIlI 0VEIl WUER OKLY

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o o-_pmiIyenr3~J__I922 III _ - ~ t

_ _ Mri N=A1fefJ~mATE WAmR AmClWr _ _______ 1 - PQRIlrASRDWTCJN l T bull Y

N_- 01 AlOft to 5 M- 1-1 AJkwL c 9on MuwLOEBDIG AERO ElIGR C~IIoTNo 23-t SodoIH9~iF--__ 0- 30 pr 3 I~ _ 42 PT 6 U __ n 8 Pr _ 2700 4100 II UMIwI 1400 shy_ 130 M _Cd 20000 hlln_H_ 2S_ _ T LIBRRrY I I OBE __ US 32230 __ Do 5 000 - JfAJlJODS JULY 7 1922

Orville Wright It was a requirement of the federal government No federal requirement for a pilots certificate would come into being until the Air Commerce Act gave that authority and responsibility to the Department of Commerce on May 20 1926

In all of the information Ive read on the early days of the ACA later the NAA there was never any menshytion of aircraft standards or airworshythiness certificates I never quesshytioned it and as a matter of fact I never gave it a thought

Then along comes friend and Vinshytage member Mitch Wohl from Barrington Illinois and he drops two books on my desk The first one I picked up was titled A Symbol of Safety This book was first published in 1923 and tells all about the foundshying of the Underwriters Laboratories (UL) Reprinted in 1995 it goes into great detail as to the history of UL I found it very interesting

The second book published on the 100th anniversary of Underwritshyers Laboratories in 1994 amplifies a bit of the material that was pub-

This airworthiness certificate was issued by an Underwriters Laborashytories inspector Maj J W Jones who deemed the Loening Air Yacht of Vincent Astor to be in airworthy condishytion It is restricted to dayligbt flying and over water only Heres a photo of its sister ship from the 1922 Airshycraft Yearbook

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 3 3

Loening monoplane Flying Yacht 100 hp Liberty engine which made a world record for aHitude with three passengers and pilot 19500 feet

lished in the 1923 book Its entire theme is Making the World Safe for Technology What a revelation both regarding the organization s history in general and its involveshyment in aviation

The real beginnings were at the 1893 Worlds Fair at the Great White City in Chicago The Electricity Building had frequent visits by the fire brigade in response to the new alshyternating current electricity displays catching fire and causing problems It was then that William Henry Merrill began his testing lab which proved

electricity could be a servant rather than a master

Our only function is to serve not to profit We are doing someshything for manufacturers buyers and property owners everywhere We are doing things for humanity was a direct quote from Merrill This was the beginning of the lab The lab was funded by corporations that wanted their products tested as well as by the insurance underwriters themselves

From 1893 through 1905 the budshyget expanded from a mere $3000 to more than $300000 During that

The book goes into

great detail

as to physical

standards for

airmen There were

all sorts of tests

for altitude tolerance

fatigue and eyesight

and their standards

specify annual physicals

rAiLW~eeL5

srlINSON 15 JOCII~Y

34 JUNE 2007

time more than 7500 reports were published the lab moved to larger quarters it was chartered in Illinois and the landmark inspection and label service was established Within two years UL inspectors were at work in 67 citshyies UL got into everything electrical fire prevention fire extinguishers automobiles oil and gasses and transportashytion as well Thats where we come in airplanes

When the first commercial airplane takes off here in the USA in the 20s UL registers airplanes certifies pilots and issues the now rather quaint-sounding Rules of the Air

Im getting ahead of the full story but in a nutshell the National Aircraft Underwriters Association proposed and requested UL become the custodian of the official register of all aircraft pilots (other than government pilots) and take full charge of all details connected therewith

UL undertook this branch of the work on July I 1921 The book goes into great detail as to physical stanshy

dards for airmen There were all sorts of tests for altitude tolerance fatigue and eyesight and their standards specify annual physicals

No wonder the early birds were considered supermen The next step was to create a register of commercial and private aircraft On May I 1922 UL began a nationwide inspection service in order to make it possible to issue cershytificates of airworthiness for individual aircraft The details of the inspections and the people employed to conduct them is an early Whos Who in aviation The inspections were very stringent and as demanding for the aircraft as they were for the pilots

And that dear friends is the story of the first airworshythiness certificates They were all issued long before the Department of Commerce became involved and of course long before the creation of the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) and the Federal Aviation Administration

Little by little the freedoms of flight have been whittled down and the myriad of Federal Aviation Regulations we live with came about but here fellow pilots and aircraft owners was the very beginning and it was the insurance people who started it all I(

Over to you (( ~((~

~ Call to order your copies today

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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 35

BY HG FRAUTSCHY

THIS MONTHS MYSTERY PLANE PHOTO IS A BIT OF A MULLIGAN FOR THOSE OF YOU

WHO HAVE ENJOYED L1GHTPLANES FOR A NUMBER OF YEARS STILL NOT MUCH IS PUBLISHED ABOUT THIS RATHER ATTRACTIVE AMPHIBIAN

Send your answer to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box You can also send your response via e-mail Send 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Your answer needs your answer to mysteryplaneeaaorg Be sure to include to be in no later than July 15 for inclusion in the your name city and state in the body of your note and September 2007 issue of Vintage Airplane put I(Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line

MARCH S MYSTERY ANSWER

36 J UN E 2007

nology olph Dope

Heres a little about the March Mystery Plane

The subject Mystery Plane apshypears to be the Longren NL-13 sin 2 X12538 built in 1932 by Albin K Longren (1882-1950) in Kansas City Missouri Longren had been a design consultant for Butler Manushyfacturing Co during the certificashytion of the Butler Blackhawk and built the NL-13 in the Butler facility with help from Butler employees Butler had ceased production by that time in the depths of the Great Depression The NL-13 had an allshy

wing spars and the fabric wing covshyering The engine was a 120-hp Marshytin 333 inve rted inline with four cylinders The X12538 was the only NL-13 built and was not successful in reaching production although it was an ea rly example of formed alushyminum aircraft structures

My information comes from Aeroshyfilescom and from Chuck (Charles E) Lebrechts fine article entitled AK Longren - Pioneer Airman of the West published in American Aviation Historishycal Society Journal Vol26 No4 Winshyter 1981 pp258-270 Lebrechts article gives a great vjew of Longrens career as an aircraft designer and manufacturer

Jack Erickson State College Pennsylvania Other correct answers were reshy

ceived from WaIt House Wichshyita Kansas George Otto Snook Monroe Michigan John Miller Wamego Kansas Cam Bla ze r Leawood Kansas An extensive arshyticle on the airplane and AK Lonshygren written by Wesley Smith is also included in this issue of Vinshytage Airplane

metal airframe except for wooden 1---------------------------------shy

eners and bulkheads the NL-13 fuselage had a safety factor able to absorb 1683g

ahead of the center of gravity (CG) and 11g aft of the CG

This made the fuselage of the NL-13 considerably stronger than that of the Stearman YBT-3 Boeing P-26A Conshysolidated P-30 and Boeing P-12B with which it was compared the YBT-3 having a maximum g-Ioading potential of 109

both fore and aft of the CG While the reshyport recommended the possible adoption of Longrens construction techniques orshyders for the NL-13 were not forthcoming and no further examples were built

With the demise of Butler Longren went to work for himself using a porshytion of the former Butler factory at the Kansas City Municipal Airport In 1933-34 Longren did the initial metal work on the Luscombe Phantom and developed metal-working techniques with his partner Ivan Driggs Plans for opening another aircraft factory were put on hold when Cessn a reopened their Wichita Kansas facility in 1934 for production of the Cessna C-34 Cessna hired Longren as vjce-president a posishy

tion that he held until 1939 when he moved to Torrance California to open the Longren Aircraft Company

While Longren built no further airshycraft he became a successful subconshytractor of prefabricated components for other aircraft manufacturers After the end of World War II Longren sold his company and retired to a 3OOO-acre ranch at Adin Ca lifornia where he passed away due to a heart condition on Nov 19 1950 at age 68

The defini tive Longren article was written by Mr Charles E Lebrecht and was published in the Winter 1981 edishytion of the American Aviation Historical Society Journal (Volume 26 Number 4 pages 258-270) I am indebted to Mr Lebrechts excellent research for the inshyformation in this piece Further informashytion on AK Longren can be found in the pages of Aviation Quarterly (Mace Kenshyneth D Pioneer Airmen ofKansas Volshyume 5 Number 2 Second Quarter 1979 pages 152-163) Mr Maces article is also quite well-written and contains severshyal beautiful photos of Longrens aircraft as well as the 1908 Call Mayfly

VINTAGE A I RPLANE 37

The fo llowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter of information only and does not constishytute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed To submit an event send the information via mail to Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Or e-mail the information to vintageaircrafteaaorg Information should be received four months prior to the event date

JUNE S-IO-Union IL-Poplar Grove Airport Army Wings and Wheels Info Vintage Wings amp Wheels Museum 815-547middot3115 Tom Murray hiwheelsbcglobalnet

JUNE 14-17-St Louis MO-Dauster Flying Field Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) American Waco Club Flymiddotln Info Phil Coulson 269shy624-6490 or rcoulson516cscom www americanwacoclubcom

JUNE 20-2l--Lock Haven PA-William T Piper Memorial Airport (LHV) Sentimental Journey Fly-In Family oriented fly-in featuring antique and classic aircraft of all makes and models especially PIPERS Seminars vendors food camping and entertainment daily Come for the day or the week Call 570-893-4200 or 748shy5123 for more information j3cubkcnet org wwwsentimentaljourneyfly-incom

JUNE 21-24-Mt Vernon Ohio-Wynkoop Airport (6G4) 48th Annual National Waco Club Reunion Check www nationalwacoclubcom for more information and contact information Or email call Andy Heins 937 313 5931 wacoasoaolcom

JUNE 22-24-Gardner KA-Gardner Municipal Airport (K34) Greater KC VAA Chapter 16 Fly-in Contact Kevin Pratt 816-985-3248

JUNE 23-Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

JUNE 30-Chetek WI-The Chetek WI (Y23) 9AM car show craft fair and show a professional horse pull and a water ski show Plenty of food and drink available throughout the day For more info contact Chuck Harrison 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet or Tim Knutson 715-237shy2477 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

JUNE 31-Russellville KY- Russellville-Logan County Airport (4M7) 9th Annual All You Can Eat BarBQ Lunch 1100am - 200pm Rain Date July 5th Aircraft displays skydiving door prizes Everyone welcome For more information eaal165yahoo com wwwangelfirecom ky3 eaal165 Joe Lawrence 270-726-1558

JULY 4-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-llam For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

JULY 6-8--All iance Oh (2Dl)-Taylorcraft and Ohio Aeronca Aviators Fly-In See the airplanes built in Alliance OH amp Middletown

38 JU N E 2007

OH and the people that built them Camping motels food all day fbarberalliancelinkcom 330823-1168 bwmatzllacyahoocom 216 337-5643 httpwwwoaafy-incom see wwwbarberaircraftcom for airport diagrams Breakfast served Sat amp Sun 7AM to 11AM by EM Chapter 82

JULY 14-Zanesville OH-Parr Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

AUGUST 5-Queen City MO-Applegate Airport (15MO) 20th Annual Watermelon Fly-In amp BBQ 2pm til dark Come and see grass roots aviation at its best Info 660-766-2644

AUGUST S-Chetek WI-Southworth Municipal airport (Y23) BBQ Fly-In 1030am Warbird displays antique and unique airplanes antique amp collector car displays and raffles for airplane rides Procedes will be given to local charities Info Chuck Harrison - Office 715-924shy4501 Cell 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet Tim Knutson - Home 715-237-2477 Cell 651-308-2839 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

AUGUST 17-19--McMinnville OR-25th Annual West Coast Travel Air Reunion Come Celebrate the Rebirth of the Travel Air Expected to be the largest gathering of Vintage Travel Airs in recent times Held in conjunction with the Northwest Antique Airplane Club Event Info Bruce McElhoe 559-638-3746

AUGUST 18--Forest Lake MN-(25D)-Airport Fly-in and Open House lOam - 4pm 24shyhour gas and 24-hour grass 3000-foot 31 13 Forest Lake Lions serve brats corn-ltgtn-the-cob and ice cream 100LL is available John Schmidt EM 250021 St Paul Minnesota 651 776 1717

AUGUST IS-I9-Long Island NY- Bayport (23N) Annual Antique Aeroplane Fly-In Old time movies popcorn pig roast flour bomb drop and spot landing contest with the days ending in the in famous Sheep Shagger Baa For more info wwwAACGNY org or email Stuart Bain at Sbain emediaofny com

AUGUST 19-Brookfield WI-Capitol Airport (02C) Ice Cream Social and vintage Aircraft Display VAA Chapter 11 Dean London 262-442-4622

AUGUST 2S-Niles MI-Jerry Tyler Memorial Airport (3TR) VAA Chapter 35 Annual Corn amp Sausage Roast Lunch served 1100am

to 300 pm Rain date on Sunday August 26th Donations of $500 for adults and $300 for children under 12 Contact Len Jansen tripacerlenyahoocom

SEPTEMBER I -Marion IN-Marion Municipal Airport (MZZ) 17th Annual Fly-In Cruise-In 700am until 200pm This annual event features antique classic homebuilt ultralight and warbird aircraft as well as vintage cars trucks motorcycles and tractors An all-you-can-eat Pancake Breakfast is served with all proceeds going to the local Marion High School Marching Band wwwFlylnCruiselncomlnfo Ray Johnson (765) 664-2588 or rjohnson indyrrcom

SEPTEMBER I -Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $2 50 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer Phone (740) 454-7487

SEPTEMBER 2-Mondovi WI-21st Annual Log Cabin Airport Fly-In Doug Ward Owner Operator 715-287-4205 Lunch noon

SEPTEMBER 8-Newark Ohio-NewarkshyHeath Airport (VTA) Annual Fly-In DriveshyIn Breakfast Pancakes and More Young Eagles Flights Vintage Airplanes Classic Cars Tom McFadden 740-587shy2312 email EAA402adelphianet

SEPTEMBER 9-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-12pm For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

SEPTEMBER 21-22- Bartlesville OK-Frank Phillips Field (BVO) 51st Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-In Antiques Classics Light Sport Warbirds Forum Type Clubs Info Charlie Harris 918-622shy8400 wwwtulsafyincom

OCTOBER 5-7-Camden SC-Kershaw County Airport (KCDN) VAA Chapter 3 Fall Fly-In All classes welcome BBQ on field Fri Evening EAA judging all classes Sat Banquet Sat Nite Info Jim Wilson 843-753-7138 or eiwilson homexpresswaynet

OCTOBER 5-7-St Louis MO-Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) The Monocoupe Club Fly-In amp Reunion wwwmonocoupecom

OCTOBER IO-I4-Tuliahoma TN- Beech Birthday Party 2007 Staggerwing Twin Beech 18 Bonanza Baron Beech ownersamp enthusiasts Info 931shy455-1974

Your One STOP Quality Shop Hook up air hose from your compressor Add Glass Beads or otherabrasiveAim powergun 1-888-388-8803 (included) at part and remove 1-780-447-5955 rust paint and scale

Exhaust Systems FAST WORKS GREAT Abrasive recycles 22d 34w Carb Air Boxes 2012h work area22 ga steel14 Structural Assemblies ga steel legs Requires 7 Clamps amp Hardware cfm 80 psi amp shop Round Engine Exhausts

Engine Mounts Fuel Cells Heaters

All Make amp Models wwwacomweldlngcom

2007 MAJOR FLy-INS

For details on EM Chapter flymiddotins and other local avimiddot ation events visit wwweaaorgjevents

Golden West EAA Regional Ay-In

Yuba County Airport (MYV) Marysville CA

June 29middotJuly 1 2007 wwwGodenWestRynorg

Rocky Mountain EAA Regional AyJn Front Range Airport (FTG) Watkins CO

June 23-24 2007 wwwRMRRorg

Arlington EAA Ay-In

Arlington Municipal Airport (AWO) Arlington WA July 11-15 2007

wwwNWEAAorg

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Something to buy sell or trade Classified Word Ads $550 per 10 words 180 words maximum with boldface

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Classified Display Ads One column wide (2167 inches) by 1 2 or 3 inches

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Advertising Closing Dates 10th of second month prior to desired issue date

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to reject any advertising in conflict with its policies Rates cover one insertion per

issue Classified ads are not accepted via phone Payment must accompany order

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MISCELLANEOUS BABBITT BEARING SERVICE - rod

Wittman Regional Airport (OSH) Oshkosh WI July 23-29 2007 wwwAirVentureorg

EAA Mld-Eastem Regional Ay-In Mansfield Lahm Airport Mansfield OH August 25-26 2007

httpMERR info

Virginia Regional EAA Ay-In

Dinwiddie County Airport (PTB) Petersburg VA October 6-7 2007 wwwVAEAAorg

EAA Southeast Regional Ay-In Middleton Field Airport (GZH) Evergreen AL October 12-14 2007 wwwSERRorg

Copperstate Regional EAA AyJn Casa Grande (Arizona) Municipal Airport (CGZ)

October 25-28 2007 wwwcopperstateorg

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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 39

VINTAGE AIRCRAFT

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40 JUNE 2007

-=-_tI 8015 CONCER

~oNO~Y )JY 13

presented by Ecpse ~1aton n 8lt ford otor col1pa y

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The Sun n Fun Fly-In is a great way to shake off the winter blahs and jumpstart the summer flying seashyson If you re a northerner like I am by the time baseball season starts youre more than ready to peel off a sweatshirt or two and fly in shirtsleeves Sun n Fun is all about that attitude fly in relax enjoy visiting with your friends and soak in a good dose of Vitamin Av vitamin Aviation that is

The vintage aircraft area overseen by the fine folks of VAA Chapter 1 was filled with a mix of familiar alushyminum and tube and fabric friends as well as a basket full of one-of-a kind airplanes including a rare Travel Air lOB and Saab 91 Safir Tucked back the corner near the trees was an equally rare Bucker Bestmann a pretty low-wing German training aircraft And how about Dean Tilton who along with his friends Dusty and Todd Rhode have not one but two of the rare Arrow Sport biplanes Cap off the week with a fine picnic on the lawn in front of the Vintage Aircraft Headquarters and you have the makings of a great week to start the 2007 fly-in season Lets see both the people and airplanes we enjoyed seeing during Sun n Fun 2007

The seaplane base moved this year from the city park to apoint on the southwest side of lake Parker The new location gave the spectators outstanding views of the take-off and spot landing competitions including this takeoff drag race between apair of SeaBees Despite what you see here eventually the yellow Seabee flown by Bill Bardin won this round

JUNE 2007 4

Lew lIakds Aeronca 7AC ChcInp has been neatly restored with His custom color scheme Lews Champ took home the top Classic hp category (0-100 hp) award

Idont know of too many people who dont subconsciously hold their breath each time they see this done Thankfully the three professionals performing this ac~ John Mohr in the Stearman Todd Green (the stuotman) and Roger Buis Otto the helicopters pilo~ perform this act regularly and are exceptionally proficient The Untied Team performed their act during the daily air show

RIGHT Basically restored by Richard Blazer Tullahoma Tennessee this Taylorcrafts new owner Dick Lawrence of

Pensacola Florida has been busy tweaking this 1946 model Dicks Taylorcraft was selected as one of the top category award

winners at Sun nFun Tom Ramsey Julie~ Tennessee lost his hangar and sold the restored Taylorcrafl

HG FRAUTSCHY

The Arrow Sport biplane is one of the few openshycockpit airplanes built with side-by-side seating and few of this make remain But here are two of them restored by Dean lilton and his wife Christine (far right) From left to righ~ we have the owners of the newest Arrow Sport restoration NC9327 Todd Willie and Dusty Rhode with the Rhodes grandson Kyle in the cockpit

LEFT Now heres asound you dont hear too often in the vintage parking area---piper Stan Berry of Williston Florida serenaded us and instantly drew an appreciative crowd as he played while the sun set below the trees

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 5

The pudgy litHe Stinson 10 may be abit on the rare side but irs just so cute you cant help stop and watch as it taxis by This example is owned by Julian Thomas of NiceviHe Rorida

Good thing those bullet holes are painted on

Chuck Story brought this nice post-war Aeronca llAC Chief mounted on apair of Edo 1400 floats HG FRAUTSCHY PHOTOS

Chucks from Haslett Michigan

Dan Tubbs Taylorcraft looks as crisp and clean as a southern gentlemans summer white seersucker suil Dan hailsfrom AltamontTennessee

JUNE 2007 6

Left Jeff and Suzette Deaton in the proud owners of this outstanding customized 1954 BeedJcraft Bonanza Always among the top airplanes at any event in which it is shown the Beech won the top Classic category prize at this years Sun n FIHI Jeff and Suzette brought their son Blake age 5 along for his first camping Sun n fun adventure where he channed us all

BELOW One of the very rare airplanes on display duro ing this years kick off to the fly-in season was this CzechshybuiH Bucker Bul8l Bestmann owned and flown by Richard Epton of Brooks Georgia Winner of the Most Unique Classhysic aircraft award well have afeature story on this 1949 low-wing trainer in afuture issue of Vmtage Airplane

Willie Ropp now 95 years young (inset) reshystored this 1933 Travel Air CW seaplane nearly two deshycades ago and its still going I

strong Based at Browns Seaplane Base in Winter Haven Rorida it was flown during the seaplane fly-in by Willies daughter Belle

HG FRAUTSCHY PHOTOS

Sometimes you just need to use the transportation you have to get your newfound treasures back to your car

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 7

The Grand Champion Antique award was presented to Less Whittlesleys 1939 Lockheed 12A Electra Jr which was also the Antique Grand Champion at last years AirVenture Oshkosh 2006

RIGHT Unless youre awor1d traveler whos been to Europe its unlikely youve ever actually seen the Saab Safir 91 alow-wing trainer built by the automobileairshycraft manufacturer Lars De Jounge who now hails from Vero Beach Florida has lovingly restored this example which was presented with an Outstanding in Type award Lars tells us he plans on bringing the airplane to EAA AirVenture Oshkosh 2007

One more time The Luscombe Silvaire Aircraft Company (also known as Renaissance Aircraft) is now located on the Historic Flabob Airport in Riverside Califorshynia The company is planning to produce the venerable Luscombe Silvaire as their model LSA-8 powered by the newly available Continental 0-200 engine

wwwluscombemiddotsilvairecom JUN E 2007 8

Some folks think the Franklin 6A4-165-B3 engine was afactory option at the Aeronca factory for the 15AC Sedan it was no~ as the original STC was issued to Maine Air Service It certainly adds just a litHe more oomph to the performance of this fine 4-place airplane as owner Don Wilson can attesl Wilsons recent beautiful restoration which features seaplane door conversions and the very handy STCd fueling steps supplied by Burls Aircraft Rebuild of Chugiak Alaska Burl holds the Type Certificate for the Sedan and has been steadily adding to the available parts list

___~~~_ __~ for the Sedan

HG FRAUTSCHY PHOTOS

RIGHT William Sharpe from nearby Tampa Florida brought his 1962 Mooney M20C over to Sun nFun for aday or so

Even an altercation with a runway logging truck couldnt keep restorer Gorgeous weather was the norm for nearly every day during this years Sun nFun

and the annual picnic for the Vintage Aircraft area hosted by VAA Chapter 1(Florida Sport Aviation Antique and Classic Association-FSAACA) is always abig hit with the Vintage crowd as you can see by the nearly standingmiddotroom only crowd

VINTAG E AIRPLANE

pilot Jeff Smith of Asheboro North Carolina from Sun nFun with his brilmiddot liant restoration of his 125 hp Temco Globe Swift First purchased by Smith in 1996 hes carefully been restoring and polishing the essentially stock airmiddot plane for the past decade creating abeautiful showplane

9

Bill Scott of Springhill Florida restored his Stinson 108-3 with no intentions of selling it but the new owner Jim Gibson from Polk City FL worked on him for several years before he finally gave in_

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One of tile Inmdreds of volunteers on hand to help put on tile annual spring migration to Florida Bill Wedlund of Jacksonville Florida gives the stop signal to Kennit Sutton of Naples Florida as Kennit taxis in with his turbine DeHavilland Beaver conversion

Ron Haynes brought his lovely Piper Cub to Sun nFun from New Port Richey Florida Parked near the emergency aircraft repair building (thats afork lift behind the Cub) Rons Cub looked like just the ticket for enjoying the Florida air with the window and door open

Kent Pietschs 1942 S-l Interstate Cadet is flown in airshows all over the world (in January he flew in the AI Ain Aerobatic Show at Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates) and is now decorated in the colors of his new sponsor Jelly Belly jellybeans

10 JUNE 2007

An earty Model TA hydro in the air Note the tubular wing tip floats

The story of the Thomas-Morse Aircraft Corporation Part II

BY AL K ELCH

PHOTOS FROM THE WILLIAM T THOMAS JR COLLECTION VIA ROBERT G ELLIOTT

Preface two-part story in two 1960 issues of American Airman exshy1982-The following three-part article on the Thomasshy tensively researched by Frank Strand with a great deal oforigishy

Morse Aircraft Corp although extensively edited and further nal contact with William Thomas Sr researched by me should be credited to Robert C Elliott of Frank had permission to use all ofthe material he had gathshyDaytona Beach Florida who sought out William T Thomas ered to put together one more article specially tailored for VinshyIr still living in Daytona Beach Mr Thomas generously tage Airplane magazine on the Tommy-Morse Scout of World shared pictures and recollections of his father plus some mashy War I fame For the real Tommy buffs it would pay to seek out terial from the personal collections of Paul D Wison one of his extensive two-part story in the American Airman for lune the three original test pilots Robert submitted to me fresh mashy and luly 1960 Frank also did Profile No 68 published by Proshyterial on the earlier portions of the Thomas airplane venture file Publications Ltd PO Box 26 1A North St Leatherhead On researching several older articles I zeroed in on a wonderful Surrey England

In 1913-1914 the attention of the Thomas Aeroplane Company was turned to the development of flying boats following the similar course of Glenn Curtiss The first machine was quite crude with a wooden hull and the top deck covered with canvas powered with a six-cylinder 90-hp

Austro-Daimler engine The developshyment of this phase of Thomas flying boats went through some sleek mashyhogany-hulled versions on to develop the first metal-hulled hydroplane in America Along with the flying boats several interesting types developed including a two-place version of the

same airplane both powered by 90shyhp Austro-Daimler engines In adshydition a single-place monoplane reminiscent of the Bleriot was flown using a 40-hp Maxi-motor This Thomas monoplane proved unsuitshyable for exhibition work

It was about this time another Mr REPRINTED FROM Vintage Airplane AUGUST 1982

VI NTAGE AIRPLANE 11

An early Thomas tractor hydroplane with single float and wing tip floats

Riglrt-side view of a 1916 hydroplane two-place Model B-3 Austro-Daimler powered

A much earlier Thomas hydroplane with a 90-hp Austro-Daimler engine The forward section of the hull had a fabric cover to furnish protection from the spray

With a 90-hp Austro Austro-Daimshyler engine this metal-hulled Thomas hydroplanes fuel tank was located on top of a wing

~ t J 4 bull i

bull

~r -9shy bull r 0middot -

12 J U NE 2007

Two Guns White Cap chief of the Blackfoot Indians with pilot Ralph Brown WT Thomas at right The Inmiddot dian brought the whole tribal family to witness the flight Once off the water the chief let out a war whoop to let evmiddot eryone know he was quite pleased

The Brindley Street plant in Ithaca New York about 1915 where the Tmiddot2 and Dmiddot2 tractor planes were built

Thomas was due to be added to the company This gentleman had no relation to the founders of the comshypany but he was destined to change and influence the companys direcshytion substantially Mr B Douglas Thomas became the chief engineer and airplane designer He had an exshycellent aircraft background having previously worked as assistant airshycraft deSigner for Vickers Ltd and later Sopwith Aviation Through simshyilar circumstance he also worked for Glenn Curtiss where he assisted in designing the famous Curtiss Model J tractor and the famous Jenny He also took part with Lt Porte in designing the America the first multiple-engine flying boat built for the purpose of transatlantic flight

Upon being employed by the Thomas Bros Airplane Co B Dougshylas Thomas designed its first successshyful tractor biplane The model was deSignated T-2 and was similar to the Model J Curtiss except for the addi-

Morris Chain Co Ithaca New York a subsidiary of BorgmiddotWarner where WT Thomas eventually merged his interests Mr Morris owned controlmiddot ling interest with WT Thomas as vice president

VINTAGE AIRPLA NE 13

The board room group disshycussing aircraft business Left to right Harold Bliss BD Thomas GeorgeAbel Jerome Freed Mr Morris W T Thomas Raymond Ware BD Thomas was no relation to WT Thomas

Employees of the Thomas Brothers Aeroplane Co Ithaca New York Brindley Street plant

H might be Frank Burn-side standing beside the large trainer at the Thomas School of Aviation near Hhaca New York Note that the ailerons were emshyployed up top wing only Exshyhaust stacks rose from the top of the engine and were attached to pipe which wrapped around both sides of the fuselage WT Thomas flying school was the first Board of Regents Chartered Aviation School in New York State This plane was possishybly a Model 02

14 JUNE 2007

Side profile of an assemshybled Thomas Aero Motor The hand crank was preshy

ferred to swinging the prop on a geared ltwo-to-one)

engine Note the individual cylinder primers beside

spark plugs

tion of two nose skids and the 90-hp Austro-Daimler engine It had a top speed of 83 mph and could climb 3800 feet in 10 minutes carrying a lOOO-pound load The performance of this machine added to the prestige of the companys having hired a new deshySigner and resulted in an order from the British Adshymiralty for 24 Model T-2 airplanes its first sizable order

Wit h two pre v i 0 u s One of 15 Model SH-4 hydroplanes built by Thomas-Morse for the US Navy in about 1916 It moves from Hornell New York and Bath New York

was powered with a 149-hp Sturtevant engine

the brothers looked for a new locashy signed and built a 135-hp geared commissioned in the Royal Flying tion in which to expand Ithaca New engine with the help of designers Corps This brought a number of pishyYork at the southern end of Cayuga GeorgeAbel and Harold Bliss also two lots to the shores of Cayuga Lake as Lake was a natural choice with flat of the founders of this new division World War I gained intensity fields for takeoff and landing and a In 1915 two seaplanes designated The expansion and all of the activishy40-mile-long lake constituting an SH-4 and SH-5 were built for the ties had put considerable financial strain ideal seaplane or flying boat test area Navy and the D-5 tractor plane was on the Thomas companies A refinancshyThis coupled with the cold-weather developed for the Signal Corps Furshy ing was accomplished by merging the ability to fly from the ice resulted in ther development in 1916 resulted in airplane and engine division with the an ideal location production of the SH-4 seaplane and flying school then merging with the

Shortly after the move to Ithaca IS were built for the US Navy Morse Chain Co of Ithaca New York BD Thomas designed a new model With the prestige of not only an Thus the final name that is so wellshytheD-2 tractor biplane This was the airplane company but also a moshy known Thomas-Morse Aircraft Corp first use of the new Thomas entershy tor company and a flying school was born January 31 1917 in time to prise which was to build its own enshy The Thomas School of Aviation was build the famous World War I fighters gines This auxiliary company called picked by the Canadian government To be concluded in next months The Thomas Air Motor Co had de- for pilots who would train to become issue of Vintage Airplane

V I N T AGE AI RPLA NE 15

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bull SIAIWel uO~lnod all~

There seems to be two distinctly different types of people in the world of little airplanes those who love and adore the Aeronca Chief and those who wouldnt know an Aeronca Chief if they found it floating in their coffee Its not a question of liking it or disliking it because its one of those airplanes that has such a low recognition factor that a relatively

small percentage of the pilot popushylation even knows it exists In some ways thats a good thing because it has helped keep the prices down for those who want a Chief of their own One of those is Danny Poulton of Belshyton South Carolina

The Poultons Chief is not your avshyerage Chief Were all used to seeing the 11AC (65 hp) or the 11CC (85 hp)

-the postwar Super Chief-but theirs is an lIBe Were not sure it ever carshyried a name but maybe we should call it the Not-Quite-Super-Chief It came out of the factory in 1947 with a C8S-8 which meant no provisions for a starter Not a normal one anyway It had a McDowell starter which was a combination of ratcheted sprockets and a lever that worked very much like the pull starter on a lawn mower with the cable going back to a hanshydle in the cockpit By the time Danny bought the airplane as a project in Michigan the starter had long since disappeared In fact everything fireshywall-forward had disappeared But were getting ahead of ourselves

Danny had owned a number of airplanes in the past and in fact had learned to fly while he was still in high school

We had aviation on my moms side of the family he says My unshycle was an airframe and powerplant mechanic (AampP) and a fUll -time corshyporate pilot and he encouraged me

He progressed through a number of airplanes most of them some varishyation of the Piper PA-28 line includshying an Arrow although a 63 C-l72 did follow him home one day

I met Donna and aviation beshycame part of our life he says In fact we were married in a 421 Cessna at five thousand feet over Anderson South Carolina

Danny didnt get into vintage airshyplanes until four years ago with the Chief It was a form of therapy because he was on a crusade to lose weight

I had let myself balloon up to 460 pounds and if I was going to live I had to lose the weight I had two sons Dale and JD and a wonderful wife and I didnt want to lose all of that just beshycause I was overweight So I started looking for an airplane to rebuild as a way to keep myself busy We live on an airpark and we had a great guy Gene Richburg living just down the runshyway from us He was 82 years old at the time and knew everything there was to know about rebuilding airplanes and he volunteered to help me

So Danny launched on two projshyects at the same time both of them

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 17

Danny Poulton holds open the top cowl to reveal the Continental C-SS installation It appears Danny has decided not to trust his Chief mechanical fuel gauges which are known to be troublesome and is using an old standby the wire and cork float gauge so common prior to World War II

In keeping with the restrained nature of Dannys customized Chief a few nice touches such as the upholstered side panels and polished control wheel caps brighten up the otherwise original-looking cabin Look closely and you can see the toe brake pedals on the pilots side of the cockpit Those pedals are seen only on the UBC UCC and lSAC Sedan

The tubular structure of the landing gear is covered with an aluminum fairshying leading to a nicely finished pair of replica fiberglass wheelpants The small cable attached to the trailing edge of the landing gear is a safety cable It was originally installed in case of a failshyure of the originally installed phenolic piston within the oleo strut Later after an airworthiness directive (47-20-02) and Aeronca Service Helps and Hints No 12 required changing the phenoshylic part to one made of aluminum the need for the cable was negated but most owners keep it just in case

monumental The first was to lose weight and the second to find a projshyect that fit his goals and skill levels

I didnt look long and actually found the Chief on eBay It belonged to an AampP in Michigan who had started to rebuild it and then decided to put it up for sale I hadnt done anything like this before so I was reshyally not sure of what I was doing but I hooked up my trailer and headed up to Michigan to buy the Chief That was in July of 2003

What he saw when he got to Michshyigan was enough to encourage him so he loaded it up and brought it back to South Carolina As is always the case however he wouldnt really know what he had until he did a thorshyough inventory back home

The large dorsal fin on the llBC Chief (also used on the UCC) makes identifishycation of the higher-horsepower Chiefs a bit easier

18 JUNE 2007

When we unloaded at home Gene came over and we spread the entire collecshytion of stuff out to see what was missing and what kind of work was going to be needed In general the airshyframe was actually in great shape because the AampP

had already started workshying on it and had finished the major compon ents The wings were more or less complete and fini shed

and the work was beautiful About all th ey needed were the leading edges and to be covered

The fuselag e tubing had been cleaned and painted and most of the fuselage wood was usable too Part of the airplanes condition is probshyably because it had only 400 hours on it and had spent most of its life stored inside somewhere We dont have much of the airplane s history but you could see by looking at the wood and steel that it hadnt been left outside to rot like so many Chiefs have been

When we were done inventorying it we found a lot of missing or unusshyable stuff that I hadn t noticed when picking it up It had no tail wheel or wing struts and the doors were not only the wrong doors but were badly crushed There were no control yokes and all of the logos were missing Same thing for all of the interior upshyholstery boards Plus there was esshysentially nothing firewall-forward I

Its still easy for most of those who h ave restored airplanes to rememshyber what it was like in the days beshyfore computers The dozens of trips to fly-markets the phone calls and the constant surveillance of Trade-ashyPlane were not only aggravating but added a huge amount of time to finshyishing the project Danny came into the Vintage world PC post computer so he was able to take full advantage of cyber searching for parts

Besides buying the airplane on eBay that service proved to be a tershyrific source for some of the rarer parts I needed Among other things thats

Whats in a Model Number By HG Frautschy

The differences between the llBC Chief and the llCC Super Chief are tough to spot but in todays sport pilot market one distinction can spell the

difference between flying one and just owning one

Both airplanes are powered by the Continental C85-8 and both came equipped with the rather clever McDowell starter The McDowell was vilified by

some as being a cheap substitute for an electrical starter but having had one

for years on my Super Chief Id have to say it s one of the neatest inventions

added to the postwar lightplane If treated with respect and used in the way the manufacturer intended it worked perfectly It did have one design weakness

that could have been easily solved but it didnt last long enough on the market to make it that far

The McDowell was activated using a cable with a ball swaged on the end

Because of the way the ball and cable were retained in the starters pulley

sheave the cable would fray and then break just below the ball or an overly

enthusiastic pull on the starter cable would pull the ball right off the end If Mcshy

Dowell had used a small fitting inside the sheeve to allow for a straight pull on

the cable (and if the cable had a ball and shank swaged fitting) Im convinced the McDowell would have been much more popular

It allowed for a lightweight starter to be installed on an airplane intended to be flown by casual travelers who were interested in ease of use and safety

It allowed my wife and her instructor both petite women to independently fly

the airplane without requiring a flip of the prop by someone else As long as

the engine was in good tune and one could reasonably expect the airplane to start when the impulse magneto fired the McDowell was a great way to pul l

the prop through safely

The 11BC and 11CC interiors were similar with a slight edge going to the

llCC for a few interior appointments added to enhance the automobile-like

feel to the cockpit Hap Granier the designer of the interior of all three postwar Aeroncas worked his magic on the Chiefs to give them a small sedan or coupe

feeling Bedford whipcord upholstery and side panels the zebrawood pattern wood-gra in-printed instrument panel and control wheels instead of control

sticks all contributed to that atmosphere

Both the 11CC and 11BC featured a large dorsal fin but the 11CC had a

different elevator stabilizer configuration That fact is sometimes lost on reshy

storers and aircraft modifiers who incorrectly (and illegally) put the earlier

11AC or llBC stab elevator combination on an llCC The 11CC has an aeroshy

dynamically balanced elevator designed to meet the hands-off gliding speed requirements of the then-new CAR 03 regulations Aeronca also had the llCC

certified in the Utility category as well as the Normal category with maximum gross weights of 1 290 and 1 350 pounds respectively That right there is a major difference in the airplanes as they are viewed in the market today The 11BC with a maximum gross weight of 1250 pounds is sport pilot eligible

while the llCC by virtue of its 1350 weight is not Interestingly a few llCC additions made it into the llBC as well Both

Chiefs as well as the four-place Aeronca Sedan shared the same rudder brake pedals with toe brakes instead of the heel brakes seen on the Champ Both feature flight characteristics similar to the Champ with the Chiefs having

the edge when it comes to cross-country flights With a 70-pound baggage alshylowance and up to 23 gallons of fuel on board the Chief is a great traveling machine if you re not in a hurry But when you re flying something as pretty as

a Chief whos in a big hurry

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 1 9

BONNIE KRATZ

He Danny Poultons Aeronca Chief features a custom color scheme that is reminiscent of the original decoration composed by Hap Granier for Aeroncas4012E side-by-side personal airplane

where I~gOt~t~h~e~iiiiiiiiiiibullbullbullbull con- trol yoke covers with the Aeronca logos the ashshytrays the bezels and the air box for the cabin heat I even found the pishytot tube and hand brake on eBay If I would have had to physically search for all of that stuff Id probably still be looking

Wag-Aero came to the rescue in supplying the struts and wing leadshying edges

III was able to use most of the origishynal boot cowl but the original noseshybowl was really bad and was cut for the McDowell starter so I used an STCd fiberglass replacement If I find a good original I may change that

11Th is airplane came out of the facshytory with toe brakes which were with the airplane and I stayed with the mechanical brakes and just installed new pads You dont really need

20 JUNE 2007

brakes on the airshyplane for anything so they work just fine

Danny was planning on flying the airplane a lot and added a venturi so he could run an artificial horizon and added air vent holes

When we were doing the inteshyrior there was no kit available for the headliner so a neighbor Phyllis Dalshyton sewed one up using the original material found on Chiefs That was really tedious Then I made the side panels and covered them with Airtex fabric and had to fabricate a new bagshygage door and make the boards for the seats

The panel had already been cleaned so the wood grain was gone but I decided not to try to put it on I did however make two metal glove

compartments for it The sliding windows were

original to the airplane but the polished prop isnt I just thought it looked betshyter polished

When the airframe was done and ready to be covered Danny went with Poly-Fiber and shot it with Aeroshythane but not in the original colshyors or scheme

IIAirtex had some sample seat covers for the airplane that were inexpensive so I bought them and had the paint mixed to go with the seat covers Also the paint stripes arent original They

mimic the factory scheme but arent exact I should also mention that I had some help with the fabric from Larry and Phyllis Dalton who helped cover the airplane This was my first time and they made it easy

Since Danny had no engine he was starting from scratch in that area The original was a C8S-8 but with his papaerwork he found a Supplemental Type Certificate (STC) that opened interesting new avenues

There was part of an STC in our paperwork that would let me install a -12 engine and that would allow me to have an electric starter which I reshyally wanted The problem was that the STC wasnt complete Plus the -8 mount is

than the shy12 so its not

a plug-andshyplay

change and I

expected some problems

getting the papershywork straightened out

I called the Atshylanta Flight Stanshydards District Office and really

lucked out The Coshylumbia Federal Aviashy

tion Agency (FAA) field examiner came out looked the airplane over and said hed be happy to clean up the paperwork and submit it to Atlanta for me What I thought was going to be a problem turned out to be quite easy

Unfortunately Danny found out that things dont always go easy when restoring an airplane and his headaches came in the form of his first engine

I had two sons

Dale and lD

and a wonderful

wife and 1 didnt

want to lose all of

that just because

1 was overweight

So 1 started

looking for an

airplane to rebuild

as a way to keep

myself busy

I bought a C8S-12 that had been overhauled I had flown it for about 22 hours when one cylinder lost a lot of compression so we pulled the jug When we got inside we found that the rod was just banging around in there and was loose on the crank When we split the case we found the crank was badly scored and a lot of metal had gone through the engine so I had to find another one

The second engine was freshly overhauled by an FAA-certified shop

in 2000 after a prop strike The guy I bought it from was building a homebuilt and

was afraid that the engine was going to sit too long before his

project was completed so he sold it Everything checked out to be perfect and it has been humming along with no problems since day one

We flew the airplane for the first time July I 2006 and I had a local pilot Gary Dalton do the test hop I dont mind telling you that I was nershyvous watching it When I flew it for the first time I had only 10 hours of tailshywheel time Id logged while getting my tail wheel endorsement I was a little nervous then too but everything went beautifully When we flew it it was alshymost exactly three years to the day that we unloaded it from the trailer

When I started I guess I became a little compulsive about working on it Id eat in the hangar work until 10 or 11 every night and sometimes Id wake up in the middle of the night and go out and work on it When Id get home from church on Sunday Id change clothes and go out and get something done Im glad I did it that way because it really helped me with the other problem

In the process of restoring his Chief Danny met several goals The first was finishing and flying his own Chief but the second and more imshyportant was taking control of his life From the time he started the Chief to the time he flew it he lost 230 pounds and added no telling how many years to his life Most people have difficulty committing to just finishing an airshyplane so Danny is to be congratushylated for two jobs well done ~

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 21

~The Bmiddot thof

Creating a classic design BY CHESTER L PEEK PHD

Could you in three months time design and build a new light plane without tools or factory and with very little money Impossible you say But that is just what eG Tayshylor did in the spring of 1936 when he introduced the legendary Taylorshycraft to the aviation world Heres the story

In the last week of December 1935 eG Taylor was confined to his bed ill and completely discourshy

aged Days before he and Bill Piper Hangar at Butler Pennsylvania 1936 Still in use today had signed a legal document that dissolved their troubled partnership For Taylors share of the Taylor Cub company (which was in debt more than $90000) he received approximately $5000 to be paid out in small installments over three years

Byron Shinn knew Taylor well both as a customer and friend In a 1991 letter he describes Taylors situashytion and subsequent events

Back in the 1930s we had a small manufacturing comshypany located in one of the hangars on the Butler Pennsylvashynia airport called The Shinn Devices Company We made aluminum wheels for aircraft 4 bead diameter 700X4 tire and at that time sold them to most of the light aircraft manshyufacturers including the Taylor and Piper organization in Bradford Pennsylvania We had a quite complete machine shop and engineering design business I remember how Taylorcraft got started One very cold winter day probably in December 1935 I drove up to see Taylor in Bradford The roads were terrible ice coated and I almost had several acshycidents When I got there I found Taylor sick in bed and in a very discouraged frame of mind He had just been kicked out of his company by Piper and had little or no money or employment I told him with his abilities as an aircraft deshysigner and builder that he should certainly try to get back in the business and offered to help if I could

I went back to Butler and contacted D Bar Peat who was a promoter a very nice fellow who was running the Butler

Ken SchoHer about 1980 airport I asked if he could raise some money to start Tayshy22 JUNE 2007

TAYLORCRAFT BY C 6 TAYLOR PlmBUR6H-BUTLER AIRPORT BunER PA

STABLE FAST A NEW LIGHT PLANE ECONOMICAL LOWPRICED

First Taylorcraft ad February 1936 Aero Digest

First Taylorcraft specifications Photo is of a model

during the

Depression

you NEVER

left a job

Yet these men

deeply loyal

to Taylor

came with him

to this chancy

new venture Byron Shinn about 1936

TAYLORCRAFT Model A

ATe pendingB_ Span 36 (11 m) Length 22 (67 m) Heicht 6 8 (21 m) Wm area 169 fLgt (156 ml) Power Ioodiaa 2IS IbsJhp (118 kcJho) WioJ Ioadma 58 1bbullJIt (293 kcl) Weicht empty 570 Ibs (259 kg) U falload 420 Ibs (190 kc) Payload 181 lbo (82 kcl Gr weiht m lbo (449kcr Bant I Ibs (5 kg) Fuel 10 gals

~L~~L11t1iLk hp

~~~gtam~~hm~~49 kph) l~ mph (51h ) Semlte laquoiliaC 101000 ft (4260 m) imb per min 400 It (122 tn) Cruig rang 210 mi (371 1aD) ~ F welded eel tubg four JODIeIODS of proareqjve diameters wood faired and fabric conrcd removable maine mouat j streued fot SO hp installamiddot tion Wg two paDdJ bolted to fuselafefabric _ ~ oectioo With eJlipticalJy rOUDded tips JOlid apruce JPlrs

Zplace ATC

metal ribs fabricated from drawn NicraJ secshytions sinclc drag wire bracinc built-up metal frame ailerons fabric COYered and of the balanced type with DO exposed horns

=r~~brTc ~~ai~~~wd~ removable fin elentor and stabiliurs inshyterlthanaeable right or IefL Landing rear =evbsor~ closed~~~es color ocJlulosc finish with trim Two-place flex-wine seat 39 inches ide--by-lide cabin fabric lined and fire-wall sound proofed all control cables and fittinp in the cabin are fully enclosed Baggag compartment 6- X 9- X w- back of seaL

~~6oo-~~bS~ wbeds DuPont Pluticell 1rindJhield rulr her mounted illltrument pampDe1 ~ Aeromarinc altimeter U S 011

~~itfra~~ pass or other instnunmts extra

Carlson and Harold White who were engineers Ken Tibbits and Les Salshychow Parks College graduates along with mechanics Colby Carpenter and William Crawford All these men had good secure jobs with Piper and durshying the Depression you NEVER left a job Yet these men deeply loyal to Taylor came with him to this chancy new venture All would eventually rise to responsible executive posishytions with Taylorcraft

Ken Scholter a local mechanic was hired as a welder Contemposhyrary reports credit him with most of the welding on the new plane Forshytunately he was also an amateur photographer and documented the building process on film He furshynished most of the photos shown in this article

Shinn resumes I When Taylor came to Butler he had very little money we all had very little money at that time I believe he got a small settlement from Piper for his share of the Cub company This was in the depths of the Depresshysion We doled the money out a few dolshylars at a time and started to build the first plane We used our machine shop to make the draw bench to make the rib parts and to make most of the parts jigs and dies that required machining

An engineering department was set up I hired a draftsman when Ray Carlshyson moved down from Bradford Tayshylor and the mechanics would make the parts and then the draftsman would

lor up again in the airplane business He along with Col make the drawings We designed a new wheel for the plane Breckenridge and some others did raise a little money about lightweight and very strong being constructed of an alumishy$1000 as I recall enough to include the building of the jigs num stamping fastened to a cast aluminum end rim Tayshyand fixtures and the first plane We moved Taylor and his lor and I also developed the new tapered axle which was family to Butler rented him a house and started work in a lighter and less costly A new Goodrich tire size 600 x 6 vacant hangar on the Butler airport SeveraL of Taylors men was used from Bradford came with him II The plane was designed and built during the first four

Actually six key Bradford employees left Piper and to five months of 1936 This must have been some sort of joined Taylor in the new enterprise They were Ray record When the plane was finished the test pilot Tibbits

VINTA GE A IR PLANE 23

One day we came to work

to find trucks backed up

to the hangar and Taylor

hauling away all the

Taylorcraft parts Batch of Shinn 800 x 4 wheelsjigs and fixtures

started the test flights First he taxied the plane up and down the runway then flew it the length of the runway just off the ground then made flights a bit higher and finally made circuits The plane flew very well but would not stall The CAA required proper recovery from a stall so Taylor worked on the horizontal tail surfaces so that a stall could be induced and the plane passed the CAA tests

Taylor was a design genius The CAA had just released a new-design wing curve and Taylor was the first I

ffi believe to use it The wing curve was ~ ~ faster and had a soft stall ~ This was the NACA 23012 airfoil z ~ Taylor once told the author that in

Fuselage structure 1935 he built a set of wings for the Cub using that airfoil but Piper veshytoed the change They were hanging on a wall when the Bradford factory burned in 1937

Shinn says I started an advertising campaign beginning with a very small ad in Aero Digest saying IISomething new is coming in Aviation The next ads told a little more People were very enthusiastic about the new plane It was much advanced over the Cub beshying faster with side-by-side seating and wheel controls Before long we had reshyceived down payments from over 50 customers $200 each as I recall This

ffi was due to correspondence with old ~ ~ Taylor Cub dealers and the Aero Dishy~ z gest ad In a 1992 interview Bob UJ

Taylor eGs son confirmed thisWing details He remembered his father waking

24 JUNE 2007

First A-40 run-up May 1936

him up one night in Butler and showing him $10000 in down payments

The first ad appeared in the February issue of Aero Digest and is shown on this page A later ad showed a photo of the plane but since no plane had been comshypleted at that time it was actually a snapshot of a model CG Taylor built on his kitchen table First the new trademark Taylorcraft was used but when Beechcraft threatened legal action claiming Taylorcraft sounded too much like Beechcraft the ads were changed to read Airplanes by GG Taylor However they resumed us-

CG Taylor and a Model ATaylorcraft 1936

ing the Taylorcraft name after sevshyeral months

Shinn continues D Bar Peat was always trying to promote the plane On Sundays they would put on an air show at the Butler airport and 200 to 300 people would atshytend Som e way he got the Taylorshycraft to lead the way when all the planes taxied by the grandstand at the Cleveland Air Races

Meanwhile in the hangar facshytory the prototype plane was beshying rushed to completion but not fast enough to suit Taylor He

once told the author I was away ~ from the plant for three days havshyo ~ ing given instructions to complete sect the engine mount When I returned

it was not done I hung the engine in the right place with a chain hoist we

cut the tubing to (it and it was done in an hour On May 1 the Continental A-40 engine SIN 635

was run up for the first time then on May 8 Taylor signed an application for an experimental certificate Only eight days later on Saturday May 16 CAA inshyspector RA Young witnessed the test flight and issued certificate X-16393 to the first Taylorcraft SIN 25 Apshyproximately three months had elapsed from the time construction was started until the new plane was airshyborne A remarkable achievement

It was a beautiful plane sleek and streamlined a far VINTAGE AIRPLANE 25

Test flight of the first Taylorcraft May 1936

1 rryen~~A1~~~ )~ ~- shyITS A - -=- (=- = --- I FAF

BEAUTY 51495middot00-----shy~GRACEFULLY CONTINENTAL

STREAMLINED - - _ MOTOR

C G TAYL O R bull PlttsburqhmiddotBuUer Airport bull Bu tler Penna

April 1936 ad in Aero Digest

cry from Taylors boxy square-cornered E-2 Cub With side-by-side seating and wheel controls it rivaled much larger more expensive planes such as the Waco and Stinson Weight had been kept to a minimum the proshytotype weighed only 570 pounds It was much faster than the Cub The first prospective customers who flew the plane verified the advertised cruising speed of 80 mph In a race with two locals an Aeronca C-3 and a Kinner Fleet the Taylorcraft won easily

The investors at Butler were elated With nearly 100 orders and down payments received for their new plane they envisioned a rapid production buildup and the prospects of a thriving profitable enterprise Their faith however had been misplaced

Shinn continues But unknown to D Bar Peat and me Taylor had been talking to others about financing and a place to manufacture the plane One day we came to work to find trucks backed up to the hangar and Taylor haulshying away all the Taylorcraft parts jigs and fixtures They moved to Alliance Ohio where they got one years free rent on a large old airplane factory financing and tax breaks D Bar Peat and I retained a lawyer to try to get back our inshyvestment eventually getting back some shares ofTaylorcraft 26 JUNE 2007

stock instead of money And Piper quit buying my wheels and switched to Hayes

Happily Taylor and Shinn soon put their legal difshyferences behind them and remained good friends and business associates for many years

Shinn was not alone in his disappointment when the unexpected move came Scholter was out of a job In 1992 he made this comment They left Butler owing me almost a months pay which I never got But they did give me a very nice letter of recommendation

The Alliance Review newspaper proudly announced the arrival of the new aircraft enterprise in its July 9 1936 edition But that is a story for another day

Authors note When researching my book The Taylorcraft Story in

1992 I was privileged to personally interview four prishymary information sources regarding the Butler Pennshysylvania events eG Taylor Bob Taylor Ken Scholter and Byron Shinn The history above was taken from those interviews and contemporary newspaper articles

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LIN COL N MERCURY

EXTRA The Butler Manufacturing Co NL-I3 biplane

The March 2007 Mystery Plane is the 1932 Butler Manufacturing Co NL-13 biplane designed by Albin Kasper Longren (sometimes simply reshyferred to as the Longren NL-13)

AK Longren had a very long and interesting aviation career Born in a log cabin near Clay Center Kansas in 1882 he was the one of 14 children born to Swedish immigrant homeshystead farmers Charles and Emma Lonshygren In 1901 he took a business course from the International Corresponshydence School (ICS) which he followed up with an ICS diploma in mechanical engineering from 1907-1911

Longrens interest in aviation beshygan with his observations of Henry L Call in 1908 Call originally a New York lawyer author and socialist had moved to Girard Kansas in February of 1908 in order to construct a large and ungainly flying machine powered by two 20-hp Curtiss B-4 engines Known as the Mayfly and The Chicken (among other colorful names) the airshycraft failed to fly despite modification Call enjoyed the support of the nashytional socialist newspaper An Appeal to Reason and constructed several aircraft under the aegis of The Aerial Navigashytion Company of America starting in 1908 before the company changed its name

Beginning in 1911 Call manushyfactured two-cylinder and fourshycylinder horizontally opposed air-cooled engines which h e marshyketed to would-be aviators through

28 JUNE 2007

BY WESLEY SMITH

advertisements (primarily in Aircraft and Fly magazines published by Alshyfred W Lawson of 1920 Lawson Airshyliner fame) The two-cylinder Call was rated at 45 hp and the four-cylshyinder engine was rated at 90 hp Call engines were among the first aircraft engine to be fitted with mufflers an individual muffler being attached to the exhaust port of each cylinder

With his brother EJ Longren and a mechanic named William Janeke Longren constructed a Curtiss-type pusher biplane in Topeka Kansas Beshygun in the summer of 1910 the Toshypeka I was not completed until the fall of 1911 Fitted with a 60-hp Hall-Scott A-2 a water-cooled V-8 the Topeka I became the first successful aircraft to be completed in the state of Kansas Longren made his first flight on Sepshytember 2 and on September 5 1911 he made two flights the first flight reaching about 225 feet in altitude and covering 15 miles and the secshyond reaching about 300 feet and covshyering six miles

Of course Longren was only one of numerous individuals who built Curtiss-type pushers Plans for early Herring-Curtiss machines were pubshylished in Aeronautics and other aviashytion periodicals as well as in books With some individual alterations many such aircraft were built in the United States prior to Americas entry into World War 1

At any rate Longren soon went into the exhibition business with

H Young renaming the Topeka I as the Dixie Flyer The words Dixie Flyer - AK Longren - Aviator were painted on the underside of the Topeka IDishyxie Flyers monoplane canard Between 1911 and 1914 Longren gave 1372 exhibition flights in Kansas Texas Oklahoma Nebraska and Colorado for the Young Aviation Co

In 1912 Longren built a second Curshytiss-type with a Hall-Scott A-2 This airshycraft incorporated the improvements Curtiss had made to his newer aircraft during 1911-1912 and in due course the mid-gap ailerons were moved to the trailing edges of the upper wing This aircraft was sold to Longrens forshymer student and friend Phil Billard who used it to give exhibition flights This aircraft sometimes known as the Topeka II was presented to the Kansas State Historical Society in 1938 where it still exists as a display

In the spring of 1914 Longren took time to marry Ms Dolly Trent Later that winter (1914-1915) Longren built his first entirely original aircraft design - a two-place tractor biplane again seshylecting the reliable Hall-Scott as the powerplant During an exhibition at the Dickson County Fair at Abilene on September 9 1915 the aircraft stalled on takeoff and was destroyed hitting an automobile that was leaving the fairshygrounds Longrens passenger was relashytively unscathed but Longren suffered a broken leg and several internal injuries

While recovering from his injushyries in early 1916 Longren with Phil

Billard began the construction of his fourth aircraft the Model G The Model G was a clean two-place tractor biplane with a strong resemblance to a Curtiss IN-4 In fact it was powered by a Curtiss OX-2 and was intended for sale to the warring European powers However only two were sold one to the Kansas National Guard the other being used for exhibition flights

Late in the year Longren built a small tractor biplane sometimes reshyferred to as the Longren Bus The conshystruction featured a three-ply wooden monocoque fuselage and was built for William Burt of Okmulgee Oklahoma A second machine was constructed for Lester Miller of Dallas Texas who inshytended to use the aircraft for aerobatic exhibitions By late 1917 Longren had moved on to another two-place design known as the Model H As in the case of the earlier Longren Bus the Model H used a wooden monocoque fuselage The Model H was powered by a Curshytiss 90-hp OX-5 engine unfortunately while on his way to Kansas City Misshysouri Longren suffered an engine failshyure near Wakarusa Kansas The aircraft was destroyed in a crash which proved fatal to a cow standing in the field in which Longren was forced down He was made to pay $10000 in restitution to the angry farmer After that interest in the Model H faded away

Late in 1917 Longren became involved with Frederick W Buck MD ME and applied for a posishytion as chief engineer with the Buck Aircraft and Munitions Co of Denshyver To what extent Longren became involved with Dr Buck is unknown Buck (a long with Elmer Sperry and later Charles F Kettering at DaytonshyWright) had plans to develop and sell an aerial torpedo - essentially a small 50-hp biplane cruise misshysile which was intended to fly on a preprogrammed course then shed its wings at the proper time and place depositing a bomb contained within the crude fuselage framework

Longrens career took another path after his debacle with the Model H After failing to establish a new airshycraft company in Overland Park Kansas Longren eventually took a

position at McCook Field as an airshycraft inspector The Great War had cost Longrens friend Phil Billard his life when he was killed in a flying accident while serving in Issoudun France Longrens position at McshyCook had allowed him the opportushynity to examine every domestic and foreign-built aircraft tested there unshytil the time of his departure in 1919 On June 17 1919 Longren formed the Longren Aircraft Corp in Topeka Kansas using a former woolen mill in the Oakland suburb as the site for the new corporation The first aircraft to come out of the plant was the rebuilt Model H now resurrected as the H-2 It is unclear as to how the H-2 differed from the earlier Model H but by midshy1920 Longren had gone in yet another direction with the construction of the two-place Model D-2 - a small aircraft powered by a three-cylinder Y conshyfiguration Lawrence Model B engine of 35-60 hp Within a year the D-2 had evolved to become the Longren Model AK Sport

Described in the pages of Aviashy

tion and Aerial Age Weekly (Volume 11 Number 12 Sept 291921 pages 336-337 and Volume 14 Numshyber 3 Sept 26 1921 pages 55-56 respectively) the two-place Longren Sport or Fibre Sport was a sensational design that incorporated the three-ply laminated wooden monocoque fuseshylage of the 1916 Longren Bus and the 1917 Model H and a set of folding biplane wings to facilitate storage It is unclear as to how the fuselage of the Sport may have differed from earshylier Longren monocoque construcshytion techniques if at all

However a 1925 Longren patent describes the use of diamond-shaped wood fibre shell (procured from the National Fibre Co) being covered with an additional two layers of wood laminations on either side The fushyselage was made in upper and lower halves using steam-pipe-heated conshycrete male and female molds clamped together using 6000 pounds of presshysure The sections were then trimmed and dried with special provision for humidity control before being joined

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 29

to a framework of grooved ash longeshyrons and formers The fuselage formshyers were made of three-ply materials engine-bearing formers were made of a seven-ply material The formers were in turn attached to the fuseshylage shells with screws Finally the fushyselage was varnished inside and out with Valspar varnish the exterior reshyceiving a coat of pigmented varnish before a final clear coat

Sold with both Lawrence Model Lshy2 three-cylinder Y-style and Anzani sixshycylinder radial engines the Longren Fibre Sport was flown in several notashyble Midwestern aviation events during the early 1920s During the American Legion Air Meet at Kansas City (Octoshyber 31 - November 3 1921) the Sport made 38 consecutive loops while being flown by ND Trinler Two Sports were also flown during a special efficiency race held at Omaha Nebraska on Noshyvember 11 An AK Sport again flown by Trinler placed second with a speed of 7791 mph when flown over a 153shymile triangular course Later that Noshyvember two AK Sports were placed at the disposal of the Kansas City Star to deliver newspapers from Kansas City to Lawrence Kansas in record time During a game between the Missouri Tigers and the Kansasjayhawks a teleshygraph wired a play-by-play account of the football game to the Stars office The newspapers were then promptly set printed and delivered via aircraft to the Lawrence street vendors beshyfore departing fans were even able to reach their homes

After establishing a climb record for Longren aircraft in 1922 the Longren Sport attracted the attention of customshyers from as far away as China and the Soviet Union In 1923 the US Navy became interested and on February 19 1924 Lt jB Kneip flew the accepshytance tests for the first of three Lonshygren AK Sports that were sold to the Navy (serial numbered A6745 through A6747) The first machine was shipped to Washington DC for testing at the Anacostia Naval Air Station while the other two were delivered to Pensacola However documentation of their subshysequent testing and use by the Navy remains elusive

30 JUNE 2007

Photos of Longren Sports and the later NL-13 show the distinctive Lonshygren company logo painted on the side of the fuselage and perhaps a few words need to be said about it This consisted of four capital ilLs joined at the top of each letter This formed a crux gammata or swastika although the direction the letters pointed was counter-clockshywise as opposed the symbols use on aircraft flown by Nazi Germany in which the bottom of the ilLs point in a clockwise direction Prior to its adoption by the Nazi Party this ancient symbol was seen as far afield at the Southwestshyern United States where it was a sacred symbol of Native Americans and in Inshydia and in Runic Europe During The Great War the Indian head emblem of Seaplane Pilots Association (SPA) 124 included a crux gammata as part of the headdress worn by the Native Amerishycan chief tan In its time and place it was considered as a symbol of good forshytune and was in no way considered to be an insult In fact after World War I Finland adopted a grayish-blue crux

gammata inscribed within a white circle as the national insignia for its aircraft In Longrens case the ilL was inscribed with a second ilL and the rest of the letters in Longrens surname In addishytion to that a circular logo and was placed at the center of the emblem to which a set of wings and a propeller reached out to a point near the tips of the ilLs So as it turns out the Lonshygren swastika was covered by what might roughly be considered a crux

immissa or crucifix Longren had no connections to fascist idealism The company logo which originated in the Midwest in the early 20s was simply a clever play on the primary letter in Longrens surname

No matter how good an aircraft the Longren Sport was the company could not survive on such limited orders and the last aircraft was sold in May of 1924 The remaining company assets patents and facilities were sold at an auction in March 1926 The Longren Sport was resurrected briefly in 1928 when the American Eagle Aircraft Corporation of Kansas City Missouri built a solitary aircraft as the Model A-429 However the aircraft was much different than the

original Longren Sport and the design was not pursued further Following the collapse of his company Longren was hired by Willis Brown to become viceshypresident of production at the Spartan Aircraft Co in Tulsa When Brown left in 1929 Longren also moved on to beshycome a design consultant at the Butshyler Manufacturing Co at Kansas City Butler had planned to manufacture the Butler Blackhawk biplane However the company was unable to do this and all manufacturing was halted in 1931 At this pOint Longren made a deal to build a new airplane -- the NL-13

Registered as X12538 and sporting the distinctive Longren fuselage logo the NL-13 (NL possibly standing for New Longren) fuselage was built usshying a new machine-forming method for heat-treated duralumin sheets The upper and lower fuselage halves of the 1932 NL-13 biplane were joined to T-shaped longerons and riveted toshygether Fuselage formers also made of liT cross-section were riveted to the halves creating a very strong duralushymin semi-monocoque fuselage Like the earlier Longren AK the NL-13 had twin side-by-side seating The powerplant of the aircraft was a Martin 333 of 120 hp With the exception of the wing spars the NL-13 was of all-metal construction the wings being fabric covered

The aircraft was first tested by George Gay in August of 1932 At that time Gay worked for the aeronautics branch of the Civil Aeronautics Administrashytion (CAA) The aircraft was found to be slightly tail-heavy This was cured by a slight stabilizer adjustment The engine also suffered from a slight overshyheating problem This was corrected by enlarging the cooling louvers and subshystituting the original propeller with anshyother type

The NL-13 had a span of 28 feet and a length of 22 feet Apparently the goal of the NL-13 was to obtain a military contract After further testing at Roosshyevelt Field Long Island New York the fuselage of the NL-13 was sold to the United States Army Air Corps and underwent stress evaluation at Wright Field Dayton OhiO in june 1933 After slight modification to some of the stiff-

continued on page 37

Flying to me is all about having fun Its grass strips and old

friends and old airplanes The folks at AUA understand my kind

of flying and my kind of airplanes They provide great service

at very good rates and they know me as an individual not just

a policy number

- Darrell Jenkins

Dan-ell Jenkins Heber Springs AR

bull Private pilot single-engine land and sea

bull 500 hours total shy300 in taildraggers

bull Current aircraft 1948 Ercoupe 415-E

AUA is Vintage Aircraft Association approved To become a member of VAA call 800middot843middot3612

AUAs Exclusive fAA Vintage AircraftJUsociation Insurance Program

Lower liability and hull premiums - Medical payments induded - Fleet discounts for multiple aircraft carrying all risk coverages

continued from page 3

EAA Seeks to Preserve Access to Repair Station Services

EAA cautions that proposed aircraft repair station certification regulations could harm many small general aviashytion shops and adversely affect airshycraft owners seeking to maintain the airworthiness of their aircraft

The FAA estimates the cost for deshyveloping and implementing a new quality system called for by the proshyposed regulations at $34500 per reshypair station Many small operations cannot afford such an expense and it could force some to close their doors

We fear that these requirements would ultimately result in diminshyished availability of qualified and experienced maintenance expertise especially for the vintage fleet said Earl Lawrence EAA vice president of industry and regulatory affairs Airshycraft owners could be forced to use maintenance facilities with less speshycialized experience on their aircraft type making it more difficult to comshyplete major repairs and changes to small aircraft potentially impacting safety as well

EAA also questions the feasibility of requiring repair stations to mainshytain an approved capability list for each make series and model of airshycraft its permitted to work on Many small operators often inspect and maintain virtually hundreds of airshycraft types creating an administrashytive nightmare

EAA is willing to discuss how the FAA could best address its quality concerns while ensuring the ownshyers of small aircraft continue to have ready access to repair station services One suggestion EAA proposed is to exempt or lessen requirements for smaller shops with fewer than a given number of employees

EAAs full comments can be found at wwwEAAorgcommunications eaanewsRepa ir_Station_NPRM_Draftpdf The notice of proposed rulemaking is at httpDMSESDOTgovdocimages pdf99431749_webpdf 32 JUNE 2007

Young Eagle 13 Million Hails From New Mexico

Arlene Martinez in the right seat with volunteer Young Eagles pilot Paul Rachels

The EAA Young Eagles program the worlds most successful youth aviation initiative ever has registered the 13-millionth Young Eagle flown She is Arlene Martinez age 12 of Yuma Arizona who took her flight on March 17 at Somerton Airport (54AZ) in a Cessna 170 piloted by Paul Rachels EAA 633950 Rachels is president and Young Eagles coordinator for Yuma EAA Chapter 590

Arlene was very enthusiastic said Rachels who has flown 123 Young Eagles She definitely enjoyed the flight and would like to do it again He always gets a kick out of how kids react to their special flights Its as incredible an experience

for me as it is for them and I have 700 hours of flight time Steve Buss EAA Young Eagles executive director called it another important

milestone for the program which this year marks its 15th anniversary year-the birthday will be marked at AirVenture this year Its wonderful to recognize Paul and Arlenes flight but we also applaud the outstanding continuing support and enthusiasm for Young Eagles by our members We extend our congratulations to all who have helped the program reach this unprecedented level of participation

Nominations Due June 15 for EAA Young Eagles Awards Each year EAA honors several special volunteers at EAA AirVenture with the

annual Young Eagles awards and theres still time to nominate a deserving pershyson for 2007

Nominations for the following awards are being accepted through June 15

bull Chapter Coordinator bull Field Representative bull Ground Support Volunteer bull Young Eagles Humanitarian (presented for efforts to reach special needs

Young Eagles) bull Young Eagles Horizon Award (recognizing efforts to go beyond the basic

Young Eagles flight) Awards will be presented at a special ceremony held at EAA AirVenture Museshy

ums Eagle Hangar on Wednesday July 25 To download the official nomination form visit wwwYoungEaglesorgvolunteersaward_nominationpdf

BY BUCK HILBERT

The very beginning of airworthiness certificates pilot certificates

For many years Ive talked and writshy barnstormers and promote some ten about the beginnings of the Aero order and safety to their flying It had Club of America (ACA) now known one other side effect No record atshyas the National Aeronautic Associashy tempt or air show (or air meet as they tion (NAA) Ive explained how this were called back then) could be staged pioneer era appointed Orville Wright without the approval of the Aero as the chairman of the Contest amp Reshy Club which was affiliated with the cords Board and how a pilot registrashy international governing body the Feshytion program came into being deration Aeronautique Internationale

The World War I pilots returning (FAI) The contestant was required to home were barnstorming and othershy be a member of the Aero Club which wise doing their best to make a living then issued a certification to the pishyin aviation That led to attempts to lot Hence the FAlSporting License register and somehow civilize these old-timers would show was signed by

Certifying Aircraft and Pilots

AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATE IauecI to VIlICElll ASTOR Arw 23 W 26th Sl BYCit shy

m~ts CnltiUs that the Aircraft described below has been Inspected and found AiruIo~ for daylight llyin on AJIlI 0VEIl WUER OKLY

For the Fl)1nA Season of 1922 ~- ~-=l1=~== Cmlampato NJiI~_ _ -- UND ElV1UTEIS~OIlIS Iae

o o-_pmiIyenr3~J__I922 III _ - ~ t

_ _ Mri N=A1fefJ~mATE WAmR AmClWr _ _______ 1 - PQRIlrASRDWTCJN l T bull Y

N_- 01 AlOft to 5 M- 1-1 AJkwL c 9on MuwLOEBDIG AERO ElIGR C~IIoTNo 23-t SodoIH9~iF--__ 0- 30 pr 3 I~ _ 42 PT 6 U __ n 8 Pr _ 2700 4100 II UMIwI 1400 shy_ 130 M _Cd 20000 hlln_H_ 2S_ _ T LIBRRrY I I OBE __ US 32230 __ Do 5 000 - JfAJlJODS JULY 7 1922

Orville Wright It was a requirement of the federal government No federal requirement for a pilots certificate would come into being until the Air Commerce Act gave that authority and responsibility to the Department of Commerce on May 20 1926

In all of the information Ive read on the early days of the ACA later the NAA there was never any menshytion of aircraft standards or airworshythiness certificates I never quesshytioned it and as a matter of fact I never gave it a thought

Then along comes friend and Vinshytage member Mitch Wohl from Barrington Illinois and he drops two books on my desk The first one I picked up was titled A Symbol of Safety This book was first published in 1923 and tells all about the foundshying of the Underwriters Laboratories (UL) Reprinted in 1995 it goes into great detail as to the history of UL I found it very interesting

The second book published on the 100th anniversary of Underwritshyers Laboratories in 1994 amplifies a bit of the material that was pub-

This airworthiness certificate was issued by an Underwriters Laborashytories inspector Maj J W Jones who deemed the Loening Air Yacht of Vincent Astor to be in airworthy condishytion It is restricted to dayligbt flying and over water only Heres a photo of its sister ship from the 1922 Airshycraft Yearbook

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 3 3

Loening monoplane Flying Yacht 100 hp Liberty engine which made a world record for aHitude with three passengers and pilot 19500 feet

lished in the 1923 book Its entire theme is Making the World Safe for Technology What a revelation both regarding the organization s history in general and its involveshyment in aviation

The real beginnings were at the 1893 Worlds Fair at the Great White City in Chicago The Electricity Building had frequent visits by the fire brigade in response to the new alshyternating current electricity displays catching fire and causing problems It was then that William Henry Merrill began his testing lab which proved

electricity could be a servant rather than a master

Our only function is to serve not to profit We are doing someshything for manufacturers buyers and property owners everywhere We are doing things for humanity was a direct quote from Merrill This was the beginning of the lab The lab was funded by corporations that wanted their products tested as well as by the insurance underwriters themselves

From 1893 through 1905 the budshyget expanded from a mere $3000 to more than $300000 During that

The book goes into

great detail

as to physical

standards for

airmen There were

all sorts of tests

for altitude tolerance

fatigue and eyesight

and their standards

specify annual physicals

rAiLW~eeL5

srlINSON 15 JOCII~Y

34 JUNE 2007

time more than 7500 reports were published the lab moved to larger quarters it was chartered in Illinois and the landmark inspection and label service was established Within two years UL inspectors were at work in 67 citshyies UL got into everything electrical fire prevention fire extinguishers automobiles oil and gasses and transportashytion as well Thats where we come in airplanes

When the first commercial airplane takes off here in the USA in the 20s UL registers airplanes certifies pilots and issues the now rather quaint-sounding Rules of the Air

Im getting ahead of the full story but in a nutshell the National Aircraft Underwriters Association proposed and requested UL become the custodian of the official register of all aircraft pilots (other than government pilots) and take full charge of all details connected therewith

UL undertook this branch of the work on July I 1921 The book goes into great detail as to physical stanshy

dards for airmen There were all sorts of tests for altitude tolerance fatigue and eyesight and their standards specify annual physicals

No wonder the early birds were considered supermen The next step was to create a register of commercial and private aircraft On May I 1922 UL began a nationwide inspection service in order to make it possible to issue cershytificates of airworthiness for individual aircraft The details of the inspections and the people employed to conduct them is an early Whos Who in aviation The inspections were very stringent and as demanding for the aircraft as they were for the pilots

And that dear friends is the story of the first airworshythiness certificates They were all issued long before the Department of Commerce became involved and of course long before the creation of the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) and the Federal Aviation Administration

Little by little the freedoms of flight have been whittled down and the myriad of Federal Aviation Regulations we live with came about but here fellow pilots and aircraft owners was the very beginning and it was the insurance people who started it all I(

Over to you (( ~((~

~ Call to order your copies today

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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 35

BY HG FRAUTSCHY

THIS MONTHS MYSTERY PLANE PHOTO IS A BIT OF A MULLIGAN FOR THOSE OF YOU

WHO HAVE ENJOYED L1GHTPLANES FOR A NUMBER OF YEARS STILL NOT MUCH IS PUBLISHED ABOUT THIS RATHER ATTRACTIVE AMPHIBIAN

Send your answer to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box You can also send your response via e-mail Send 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Your answer needs your answer to mysteryplaneeaaorg Be sure to include to be in no later than July 15 for inclusion in the your name city and state in the body of your note and September 2007 issue of Vintage Airplane put I(Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line

MARCH S MYSTERY ANSWER

36 J UN E 2007

nology olph Dope

Heres a little about the March Mystery Plane

The subject Mystery Plane apshypears to be the Longren NL-13 sin 2 X12538 built in 1932 by Albin K Longren (1882-1950) in Kansas City Missouri Longren had been a design consultant for Butler Manushyfacturing Co during the certificashytion of the Butler Blackhawk and built the NL-13 in the Butler facility with help from Butler employees Butler had ceased production by that time in the depths of the Great Depression The NL-13 had an allshy

wing spars and the fabric wing covshyering The engine was a 120-hp Marshytin 333 inve rted inline with four cylinders The X12538 was the only NL-13 built and was not successful in reaching production although it was an ea rly example of formed alushyminum aircraft structures

My information comes from Aeroshyfilescom and from Chuck (Charles E) Lebrechts fine article entitled AK Longren - Pioneer Airman of the West published in American Aviation Historishycal Society Journal Vol26 No4 Winshyter 1981 pp258-270 Lebrechts article gives a great vjew of Longrens career as an aircraft designer and manufacturer

Jack Erickson State College Pennsylvania Other correct answers were reshy

ceived from WaIt House Wichshyita Kansas George Otto Snook Monroe Michigan John Miller Wamego Kansas Cam Bla ze r Leawood Kansas An extensive arshyticle on the airplane and AK Lonshygren written by Wesley Smith is also included in this issue of Vinshytage Airplane

metal airframe except for wooden 1---------------------------------shy

eners and bulkheads the NL-13 fuselage had a safety factor able to absorb 1683g

ahead of the center of gravity (CG) and 11g aft of the CG

This made the fuselage of the NL-13 considerably stronger than that of the Stearman YBT-3 Boeing P-26A Conshysolidated P-30 and Boeing P-12B with which it was compared the YBT-3 having a maximum g-Ioading potential of 109

both fore and aft of the CG While the reshyport recommended the possible adoption of Longrens construction techniques orshyders for the NL-13 were not forthcoming and no further examples were built

With the demise of Butler Longren went to work for himself using a porshytion of the former Butler factory at the Kansas City Municipal Airport In 1933-34 Longren did the initial metal work on the Luscombe Phantom and developed metal-working techniques with his partner Ivan Driggs Plans for opening another aircraft factory were put on hold when Cessn a reopened their Wichita Kansas facility in 1934 for production of the Cessna C-34 Cessna hired Longren as vjce-president a posishy

tion that he held until 1939 when he moved to Torrance California to open the Longren Aircraft Company

While Longren built no further airshycraft he became a successful subconshytractor of prefabricated components for other aircraft manufacturers After the end of World War II Longren sold his company and retired to a 3OOO-acre ranch at Adin Ca lifornia where he passed away due to a heart condition on Nov 19 1950 at age 68

The defini tive Longren article was written by Mr Charles E Lebrecht and was published in the Winter 1981 edishytion of the American Aviation Historical Society Journal (Volume 26 Number 4 pages 258-270) I am indebted to Mr Lebrechts excellent research for the inshyformation in this piece Further informashytion on AK Longren can be found in the pages of Aviation Quarterly (Mace Kenshyneth D Pioneer Airmen ofKansas Volshyume 5 Number 2 Second Quarter 1979 pages 152-163) Mr Maces article is also quite well-written and contains severshyal beautiful photos of Longrens aircraft as well as the 1908 Call Mayfly

VINTAGE A I RPLANE 37

The fo llowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter of information only and does not constishytute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed To submit an event send the information via mail to Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Or e-mail the information to vintageaircrafteaaorg Information should be received four months prior to the event date

JUNE S-IO-Union IL-Poplar Grove Airport Army Wings and Wheels Info Vintage Wings amp Wheels Museum 815-547middot3115 Tom Murray hiwheelsbcglobalnet

JUNE 14-17-St Louis MO-Dauster Flying Field Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) American Waco Club Flymiddotln Info Phil Coulson 269shy624-6490 or rcoulson516cscom www americanwacoclubcom

JUNE 20-2l--Lock Haven PA-William T Piper Memorial Airport (LHV) Sentimental Journey Fly-In Family oriented fly-in featuring antique and classic aircraft of all makes and models especially PIPERS Seminars vendors food camping and entertainment daily Come for the day or the week Call 570-893-4200 or 748shy5123 for more information j3cubkcnet org wwwsentimentaljourneyfly-incom

JUNE 21-24-Mt Vernon Ohio-Wynkoop Airport (6G4) 48th Annual National Waco Club Reunion Check www nationalwacoclubcom for more information and contact information Or email call Andy Heins 937 313 5931 wacoasoaolcom

JUNE 22-24-Gardner KA-Gardner Municipal Airport (K34) Greater KC VAA Chapter 16 Fly-in Contact Kevin Pratt 816-985-3248

JUNE 23-Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

JUNE 30-Chetek WI-The Chetek WI (Y23) 9AM car show craft fair and show a professional horse pull and a water ski show Plenty of food and drink available throughout the day For more info contact Chuck Harrison 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet or Tim Knutson 715-237shy2477 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

JUNE 31-Russellville KY- Russellville-Logan County Airport (4M7) 9th Annual All You Can Eat BarBQ Lunch 1100am - 200pm Rain Date July 5th Aircraft displays skydiving door prizes Everyone welcome For more information eaal165yahoo com wwwangelfirecom ky3 eaal165 Joe Lawrence 270-726-1558

JULY 4-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-llam For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

JULY 6-8--All iance Oh (2Dl)-Taylorcraft and Ohio Aeronca Aviators Fly-In See the airplanes built in Alliance OH amp Middletown

38 JU N E 2007

OH and the people that built them Camping motels food all day fbarberalliancelinkcom 330823-1168 bwmatzllacyahoocom 216 337-5643 httpwwwoaafy-incom see wwwbarberaircraftcom for airport diagrams Breakfast served Sat amp Sun 7AM to 11AM by EM Chapter 82

JULY 14-Zanesville OH-Parr Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

AUGUST 5-Queen City MO-Applegate Airport (15MO) 20th Annual Watermelon Fly-In amp BBQ 2pm til dark Come and see grass roots aviation at its best Info 660-766-2644

AUGUST S-Chetek WI-Southworth Municipal airport (Y23) BBQ Fly-In 1030am Warbird displays antique and unique airplanes antique amp collector car displays and raffles for airplane rides Procedes will be given to local charities Info Chuck Harrison - Office 715-924shy4501 Cell 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet Tim Knutson - Home 715-237-2477 Cell 651-308-2839 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

AUGUST 17-19--McMinnville OR-25th Annual West Coast Travel Air Reunion Come Celebrate the Rebirth of the Travel Air Expected to be the largest gathering of Vintage Travel Airs in recent times Held in conjunction with the Northwest Antique Airplane Club Event Info Bruce McElhoe 559-638-3746

AUGUST 18--Forest Lake MN-(25D)-Airport Fly-in and Open House lOam - 4pm 24shyhour gas and 24-hour grass 3000-foot 31 13 Forest Lake Lions serve brats corn-ltgtn-the-cob and ice cream 100LL is available John Schmidt EM 250021 St Paul Minnesota 651 776 1717

AUGUST IS-I9-Long Island NY- Bayport (23N) Annual Antique Aeroplane Fly-In Old time movies popcorn pig roast flour bomb drop and spot landing contest with the days ending in the in famous Sheep Shagger Baa For more info wwwAACGNY org or email Stuart Bain at Sbain emediaofny com

AUGUST 19-Brookfield WI-Capitol Airport (02C) Ice Cream Social and vintage Aircraft Display VAA Chapter 11 Dean London 262-442-4622

AUGUST 2S-Niles MI-Jerry Tyler Memorial Airport (3TR) VAA Chapter 35 Annual Corn amp Sausage Roast Lunch served 1100am

to 300 pm Rain date on Sunday August 26th Donations of $500 for adults and $300 for children under 12 Contact Len Jansen tripacerlenyahoocom

SEPTEMBER I -Marion IN-Marion Municipal Airport (MZZ) 17th Annual Fly-In Cruise-In 700am until 200pm This annual event features antique classic homebuilt ultralight and warbird aircraft as well as vintage cars trucks motorcycles and tractors An all-you-can-eat Pancake Breakfast is served with all proceeds going to the local Marion High School Marching Band wwwFlylnCruiselncomlnfo Ray Johnson (765) 664-2588 or rjohnson indyrrcom

SEPTEMBER I -Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $2 50 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer Phone (740) 454-7487

SEPTEMBER 2-Mondovi WI-21st Annual Log Cabin Airport Fly-In Doug Ward Owner Operator 715-287-4205 Lunch noon

SEPTEMBER 8-Newark Ohio-NewarkshyHeath Airport (VTA) Annual Fly-In DriveshyIn Breakfast Pancakes and More Young Eagles Flights Vintage Airplanes Classic Cars Tom McFadden 740-587shy2312 email EAA402adelphianet

SEPTEMBER 9-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-12pm For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

SEPTEMBER 21-22- Bartlesville OK-Frank Phillips Field (BVO) 51st Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-In Antiques Classics Light Sport Warbirds Forum Type Clubs Info Charlie Harris 918-622shy8400 wwwtulsafyincom

OCTOBER 5-7-Camden SC-Kershaw County Airport (KCDN) VAA Chapter 3 Fall Fly-In All classes welcome BBQ on field Fri Evening EAA judging all classes Sat Banquet Sat Nite Info Jim Wilson 843-753-7138 or eiwilson homexpresswaynet

OCTOBER 5-7-St Louis MO-Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) The Monocoupe Club Fly-In amp Reunion wwwmonocoupecom

OCTOBER IO-I4-Tuliahoma TN- Beech Birthday Party 2007 Staggerwing Twin Beech 18 Bonanza Baron Beech ownersamp enthusiasts Info 931shy455-1974

Your One STOP Quality Shop Hook up air hose from your compressor Add Glass Beads or otherabrasiveAim powergun 1-888-388-8803 (included) at part and remove 1-780-447-5955 rust paint and scale

Exhaust Systems FAST WORKS GREAT Abrasive recycles 22d 34w Carb Air Boxes 2012h work area22 ga steel14 Structural Assemblies ga steel legs Requires 7 Clamps amp Hardware cfm 80 psi amp shop Round Engine Exhausts

Engine Mounts Fuel Cells Heaters

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2007 MAJOR FLy-INS

For details on EM Chapter flymiddotins and other local avimiddot ation events visit wwweaaorgjevents

Golden West EAA Regional Ay-In

Yuba County Airport (MYV) Marysville CA

June 29middotJuly 1 2007 wwwGodenWestRynorg

Rocky Mountain EAA Regional AyJn Front Range Airport (FTG) Watkins CO

June 23-24 2007 wwwRMRRorg

Arlington EAA Ay-In

Arlington Municipal Airport (AWO) Arlington WA July 11-15 2007

wwwNWEAAorg

EAA AlrVenture Oshkosh

Something to buy sell or trade Classified Word Ads $550 per 10 words 180 words maximum with boldface

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Classified Display Ads One column wide (2167 inches) by 1 2 or 3 inches

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Advertising Closing Dates 10th of second month prior to desired issue date

(ie January 10 is the closing date for the March issue) VAA reserves the right

to reject any advertising in conflict with its policies Rates cover one insertion per

issue Classified ads are not accepted via phone Payment must accompany order

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MISCELLANEOUS BABBITT BEARING SERVICE - rod

Wittman Regional Airport (OSH) Oshkosh WI July 23-29 2007 wwwAirVentureorg

EAA Mld-Eastem Regional Ay-In Mansfield Lahm Airport Mansfield OH August 25-26 2007

httpMERR info

Virginia Regional EAA Ay-In

Dinwiddie County Airport (PTB) Petersburg VA October 6-7 2007 wwwVAEAAorg

EAA Southeast Regional Ay-In Middleton Field Airport (GZH) Evergreen AL October 12-14 2007 wwwSERRorg

Copperstate Regional EAA AyJn Casa Grande (Arizona) Municipal Airport (CGZ)

October 25-28 2007 wwwcopperstateorg

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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 39

VINTAGE AIRCRAFT

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40 JUNE 2007

-=-_tI 8015 CONCER

~oNO~Y )JY 13

presented by Ecpse ~1aton n 8lt ford otor col1pa y

Page 6: PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATIONmembers.eaavintage.org/wp...Vol-35-No-6-June-2007.pdf · PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION . ... Flightline Safety Committee and their

Lew lIakds Aeronca 7AC ChcInp has been neatly restored with His custom color scheme Lews Champ took home the top Classic hp category (0-100 hp) award

Idont know of too many people who dont subconsciously hold their breath each time they see this done Thankfully the three professionals performing this ac~ John Mohr in the Stearman Todd Green (the stuotman) and Roger Buis Otto the helicopters pilo~ perform this act regularly and are exceptionally proficient The Untied Team performed their act during the daily air show

RIGHT Basically restored by Richard Blazer Tullahoma Tennessee this Taylorcrafts new owner Dick Lawrence of

Pensacola Florida has been busy tweaking this 1946 model Dicks Taylorcraft was selected as one of the top category award

winners at Sun nFun Tom Ramsey Julie~ Tennessee lost his hangar and sold the restored Taylorcrafl

HG FRAUTSCHY

The Arrow Sport biplane is one of the few openshycockpit airplanes built with side-by-side seating and few of this make remain But here are two of them restored by Dean lilton and his wife Christine (far right) From left to righ~ we have the owners of the newest Arrow Sport restoration NC9327 Todd Willie and Dusty Rhode with the Rhodes grandson Kyle in the cockpit

LEFT Now heres asound you dont hear too often in the vintage parking area---piper Stan Berry of Williston Florida serenaded us and instantly drew an appreciative crowd as he played while the sun set below the trees

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 5

The pudgy litHe Stinson 10 may be abit on the rare side but irs just so cute you cant help stop and watch as it taxis by This example is owned by Julian Thomas of NiceviHe Rorida

Good thing those bullet holes are painted on

Chuck Story brought this nice post-war Aeronca llAC Chief mounted on apair of Edo 1400 floats HG FRAUTSCHY PHOTOS

Chucks from Haslett Michigan

Dan Tubbs Taylorcraft looks as crisp and clean as a southern gentlemans summer white seersucker suil Dan hailsfrom AltamontTennessee

JUNE 2007 6

Left Jeff and Suzette Deaton in the proud owners of this outstanding customized 1954 BeedJcraft Bonanza Always among the top airplanes at any event in which it is shown the Beech won the top Classic category prize at this years Sun n FIHI Jeff and Suzette brought their son Blake age 5 along for his first camping Sun n fun adventure where he channed us all

BELOW One of the very rare airplanes on display duro ing this years kick off to the fly-in season was this CzechshybuiH Bucker Bul8l Bestmann owned and flown by Richard Epton of Brooks Georgia Winner of the Most Unique Classhysic aircraft award well have afeature story on this 1949 low-wing trainer in afuture issue of Vmtage Airplane

Willie Ropp now 95 years young (inset) reshystored this 1933 Travel Air CW seaplane nearly two deshycades ago and its still going I

strong Based at Browns Seaplane Base in Winter Haven Rorida it was flown during the seaplane fly-in by Willies daughter Belle

HG FRAUTSCHY PHOTOS

Sometimes you just need to use the transportation you have to get your newfound treasures back to your car

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 7

The Grand Champion Antique award was presented to Less Whittlesleys 1939 Lockheed 12A Electra Jr which was also the Antique Grand Champion at last years AirVenture Oshkosh 2006

RIGHT Unless youre awor1d traveler whos been to Europe its unlikely youve ever actually seen the Saab Safir 91 alow-wing trainer built by the automobileairshycraft manufacturer Lars De Jounge who now hails from Vero Beach Florida has lovingly restored this example which was presented with an Outstanding in Type award Lars tells us he plans on bringing the airplane to EAA AirVenture Oshkosh 2007

One more time The Luscombe Silvaire Aircraft Company (also known as Renaissance Aircraft) is now located on the Historic Flabob Airport in Riverside Califorshynia The company is planning to produce the venerable Luscombe Silvaire as their model LSA-8 powered by the newly available Continental 0-200 engine

wwwluscombemiddotsilvairecom JUN E 2007 8

Some folks think the Franklin 6A4-165-B3 engine was afactory option at the Aeronca factory for the 15AC Sedan it was no~ as the original STC was issued to Maine Air Service It certainly adds just a litHe more oomph to the performance of this fine 4-place airplane as owner Don Wilson can attesl Wilsons recent beautiful restoration which features seaplane door conversions and the very handy STCd fueling steps supplied by Burls Aircraft Rebuild of Chugiak Alaska Burl holds the Type Certificate for the Sedan and has been steadily adding to the available parts list

___~~~_ __~ for the Sedan

HG FRAUTSCHY PHOTOS

RIGHT William Sharpe from nearby Tampa Florida brought his 1962 Mooney M20C over to Sun nFun for aday or so

Even an altercation with a runway logging truck couldnt keep restorer Gorgeous weather was the norm for nearly every day during this years Sun nFun

and the annual picnic for the Vintage Aircraft area hosted by VAA Chapter 1(Florida Sport Aviation Antique and Classic Association-FSAACA) is always abig hit with the Vintage crowd as you can see by the nearly standingmiddotroom only crowd

VINTAG E AIRPLANE

pilot Jeff Smith of Asheboro North Carolina from Sun nFun with his brilmiddot liant restoration of his 125 hp Temco Globe Swift First purchased by Smith in 1996 hes carefully been restoring and polishing the essentially stock airmiddot plane for the past decade creating abeautiful showplane

9

Bill Scott of Springhill Florida restored his Stinson 108-3 with no intentions of selling it but the new owner Jim Gibson from Polk City FL worked on him for several years before he finally gave in_

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One of tile Inmdreds of volunteers on hand to help put on tile annual spring migration to Florida Bill Wedlund of Jacksonville Florida gives the stop signal to Kennit Sutton of Naples Florida as Kennit taxis in with his turbine DeHavilland Beaver conversion

Ron Haynes brought his lovely Piper Cub to Sun nFun from New Port Richey Florida Parked near the emergency aircraft repair building (thats afork lift behind the Cub) Rons Cub looked like just the ticket for enjoying the Florida air with the window and door open

Kent Pietschs 1942 S-l Interstate Cadet is flown in airshows all over the world (in January he flew in the AI Ain Aerobatic Show at Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates) and is now decorated in the colors of his new sponsor Jelly Belly jellybeans

10 JUNE 2007

An earty Model TA hydro in the air Note the tubular wing tip floats

The story of the Thomas-Morse Aircraft Corporation Part II

BY AL K ELCH

PHOTOS FROM THE WILLIAM T THOMAS JR COLLECTION VIA ROBERT G ELLIOTT

Preface two-part story in two 1960 issues of American Airman exshy1982-The following three-part article on the Thomasshy tensively researched by Frank Strand with a great deal oforigishy

Morse Aircraft Corp although extensively edited and further nal contact with William Thomas Sr researched by me should be credited to Robert C Elliott of Frank had permission to use all ofthe material he had gathshyDaytona Beach Florida who sought out William T Thomas ered to put together one more article specially tailored for VinshyIr still living in Daytona Beach Mr Thomas generously tage Airplane magazine on the Tommy-Morse Scout of World shared pictures and recollections of his father plus some mashy War I fame For the real Tommy buffs it would pay to seek out terial from the personal collections of Paul D Wison one of his extensive two-part story in the American Airman for lune the three original test pilots Robert submitted to me fresh mashy and luly 1960 Frank also did Profile No 68 published by Proshyterial on the earlier portions of the Thomas airplane venture file Publications Ltd PO Box 26 1A North St Leatherhead On researching several older articles I zeroed in on a wonderful Surrey England

In 1913-1914 the attention of the Thomas Aeroplane Company was turned to the development of flying boats following the similar course of Glenn Curtiss The first machine was quite crude with a wooden hull and the top deck covered with canvas powered with a six-cylinder 90-hp

Austro-Daimler engine The developshyment of this phase of Thomas flying boats went through some sleek mashyhogany-hulled versions on to develop the first metal-hulled hydroplane in America Along with the flying boats several interesting types developed including a two-place version of the

same airplane both powered by 90shyhp Austro-Daimler engines In adshydition a single-place monoplane reminiscent of the Bleriot was flown using a 40-hp Maxi-motor This Thomas monoplane proved unsuitshyable for exhibition work

It was about this time another Mr REPRINTED FROM Vintage Airplane AUGUST 1982

VI NTAGE AIRPLANE 11

An early Thomas tractor hydroplane with single float and wing tip floats

Riglrt-side view of a 1916 hydroplane two-place Model B-3 Austro-Daimler powered

A much earlier Thomas hydroplane with a 90-hp Austro-Daimler engine The forward section of the hull had a fabric cover to furnish protection from the spray

With a 90-hp Austro Austro-Daimshyler engine this metal-hulled Thomas hydroplanes fuel tank was located on top of a wing

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12 J U NE 2007

Two Guns White Cap chief of the Blackfoot Indians with pilot Ralph Brown WT Thomas at right The Inmiddot dian brought the whole tribal family to witness the flight Once off the water the chief let out a war whoop to let evmiddot eryone know he was quite pleased

The Brindley Street plant in Ithaca New York about 1915 where the Tmiddot2 and Dmiddot2 tractor planes were built

Thomas was due to be added to the company This gentleman had no relation to the founders of the comshypany but he was destined to change and influence the companys direcshytion substantially Mr B Douglas Thomas became the chief engineer and airplane designer He had an exshycellent aircraft background having previously worked as assistant airshycraft deSigner for Vickers Ltd and later Sopwith Aviation Through simshyilar circumstance he also worked for Glenn Curtiss where he assisted in designing the famous Curtiss Model J tractor and the famous Jenny He also took part with Lt Porte in designing the America the first multiple-engine flying boat built for the purpose of transatlantic flight

Upon being employed by the Thomas Bros Airplane Co B Dougshylas Thomas designed its first successshyful tractor biplane The model was deSignated T-2 and was similar to the Model J Curtiss except for the addi-

Morris Chain Co Ithaca New York a subsidiary of BorgmiddotWarner where WT Thomas eventually merged his interests Mr Morris owned controlmiddot ling interest with WT Thomas as vice president

VINTAGE AIRPLA NE 13

The board room group disshycussing aircraft business Left to right Harold Bliss BD Thomas GeorgeAbel Jerome Freed Mr Morris W T Thomas Raymond Ware BD Thomas was no relation to WT Thomas

Employees of the Thomas Brothers Aeroplane Co Ithaca New York Brindley Street plant

H might be Frank Burn-side standing beside the large trainer at the Thomas School of Aviation near Hhaca New York Note that the ailerons were emshyployed up top wing only Exshyhaust stacks rose from the top of the engine and were attached to pipe which wrapped around both sides of the fuselage WT Thomas flying school was the first Board of Regents Chartered Aviation School in New York State This plane was possishybly a Model 02

14 JUNE 2007

Side profile of an assemshybled Thomas Aero Motor The hand crank was preshy

ferred to swinging the prop on a geared ltwo-to-one)

engine Note the individual cylinder primers beside

spark plugs

tion of two nose skids and the 90-hp Austro-Daimler engine It had a top speed of 83 mph and could climb 3800 feet in 10 minutes carrying a lOOO-pound load The performance of this machine added to the prestige of the companys having hired a new deshySigner and resulted in an order from the British Adshymiralty for 24 Model T-2 airplanes its first sizable order

Wit h two pre v i 0 u s One of 15 Model SH-4 hydroplanes built by Thomas-Morse for the US Navy in about 1916 It moves from Hornell New York and Bath New York

was powered with a 149-hp Sturtevant engine

the brothers looked for a new locashy signed and built a 135-hp geared commissioned in the Royal Flying tion in which to expand Ithaca New engine with the help of designers Corps This brought a number of pishyYork at the southern end of Cayuga GeorgeAbel and Harold Bliss also two lots to the shores of Cayuga Lake as Lake was a natural choice with flat of the founders of this new division World War I gained intensity fields for takeoff and landing and a In 1915 two seaplanes designated The expansion and all of the activishy40-mile-long lake constituting an SH-4 and SH-5 were built for the ties had put considerable financial strain ideal seaplane or flying boat test area Navy and the D-5 tractor plane was on the Thomas companies A refinancshyThis coupled with the cold-weather developed for the Signal Corps Furshy ing was accomplished by merging the ability to fly from the ice resulted in ther development in 1916 resulted in airplane and engine division with the an ideal location production of the SH-4 seaplane and flying school then merging with the

Shortly after the move to Ithaca IS were built for the US Navy Morse Chain Co of Ithaca New York BD Thomas designed a new model With the prestige of not only an Thus the final name that is so wellshytheD-2 tractor biplane This was the airplane company but also a moshy known Thomas-Morse Aircraft Corp first use of the new Thomas entershy tor company and a flying school was born January 31 1917 in time to prise which was to build its own enshy The Thomas School of Aviation was build the famous World War I fighters gines This auxiliary company called picked by the Canadian government To be concluded in next months The Thomas Air Motor Co had de- for pilots who would train to become issue of Vintage Airplane

V I N T AGE AI RPLA NE 15

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There seems to be two distinctly different types of people in the world of little airplanes those who love and adore the Aeronca Chief and those who wouldnt know an Aeronca Chief if they found it floating in their coffee Its not a question of liking it or disliking it because its one of those airplanes that has such a low recognition factor that a relatively

small percentage of the pilot popushylation even knows it exists In some ways thats a good thing because it has helped keep the prices down for those who want a Chief of their own One of those is Danny Poulton of Belshyton South Carolina

The Poultons Chief is not your avshyerage Chief Were all used to seeing the 11AC (65 hp) or the 11CC (85 hp)

-the postwar Super Chief-but theirs is an lIBe Were not sure it ever carshyried a name but maybe we should call it the Not-Quite-Super-Chief It came out of the factory in 1947 with a C8S-8 which meant no provisions for a starter Not a normal one anyway It had a McDowell starter which was a combination of ratcheted sprockets and a lever that worked very much like the pull starter on a lawn mower with the cable going back to a hanshydle in the cockpit By the time Danny bought the airplane as a project in Michigan the starter had long since disappeared In fact everything fireshywall-forward had disappeared But were getting ahead of ourselves

Danny had owned a number of airplanes in the past and in fact had learned to fly while he was still in high school

We had aviation on my moms side of the family he says My unshycle was an airframe and powerplant mechanic (AampP) and a fUll -time corshyporate pilot and he encouraged me

He progressed through a number of airplanes most of them some varishyation of the Piper PA-28 line includshying an Arrow although a 63 C-l72 did follow him home one day

I met Donna and aviation beshycame part of our life he says In fact we were married in a 421 Cessna at five thousand feet over Anderson South Carolina

Danny didnt get into vintage airshyplanes until four years ago with the Chief It was a form of therapy because he was on a crusade to lose weight

I had let myself balloon up to 460 pounds and if I was going to live I had to lose the weight I had two sons Dale and JD and a wonderful wife and I didnt want to lose all of that just beshycause I was overweight So I started looking for an airplane to rebuild as a way to keep myself busy We live on an airpark and we had a great guy Gene Richburg living just down the runshyway from us He was 82 years old at the time and knew everything there was to know about rebuilding airplanes and he volunteered to help me

So Danny launched on two projshyects at the same time both of them

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 17

Danny Poulton holds open the top cowl to reveal the Continental C-SS installation It appears Danny has decided not to trust his Chief mechanical fuel gauges which are known to be troublesome and is using an old standby the wire and cork float gauge so common prior to World War II

In keeping with the restrained nature of Dannys customized Chief a few nice touches such as the upholstered side panels and polished control wheel caps brighten up the otherwise original-looking cabin Look closely and you can see the toe brake pedals on the pilots side of the cockpit Those pedals are seen only on the UBC UCC and lSAC Sedan

The tubular structure of the landing gear is covered with an aluminum fairshying leading to a nicely finished pair of replica fiberglass wheelpants The small cable attached to the trailing edge of the landing gear is a safety cable It was originally installed in case of a failshyure of the originally installed phenolic piston within the oleo strut Later after an airworthiness directive (47-20-02) and Aeronca Service Helps and Hints No 12 required changing the phenoshylic part to one made of aluminum the need for the cable was negated but most owners keep it just in case

monumental The first was to lose weight and the second to find a projshyect that fit his goals and skill levels

I didnt look long and actually found the Chief on eBay It belonged to an AampP in Michigan who had started to rebuild it and then decided to put it up for sale I hadnt done anything like this before so I was reshyally not sure of what I was doing but I hooked up my trailer and headed up to Michigan to buy the Chief That was in July of 2003

What he saw when he got to Michshyigan was enough to encourage him so he loaded it up and brought it back to South Carolina As is always the case however he wouldnt really know what he had until he did a thorshyough inventory back home

The large dorsal fin on the llBC Chief (also used on the UCC) makes identifishycation of the higher-horsepower Chiefs a bit easier

18 JUNE 2007

When we unloaded at home Gene came over and we spread the entire collecshytion of stuff out to see what was missing and what kind of work was going to be needed In general the airshyframe was actually in great shape because the AampP

had already started workshying on it and had finished the major compon ents The wings were more or less complete and fini shed

and the work was beautiful About all th ey needed were the leading edges and to be covered

The fuselag e tubing had been cleaned and painted and most of the fuselage wood was usable too Part of the airplanes condition is probshyably because it had only 400 hours on it and had spent most of its life stored inside somewhere We dont have much of the airplane s history but you could see by looking at the wood and steel that it hadnt been left outside to rot like so many Chiefs have been

When we were done inventorying it we found a lot of missing or unusshyable stuff that I hadn t noticed when picking it up It had no tail wheel or wing struts and the doors were not only the wrong doors but were badly crushed There were no control yokes and all of the logos were missing Same thing for all of the interior upshyholstery boards Plus there was esshysentially nothing firewall-forward I

Its still easy for most of those who h ave restored airplanes to rememshyber what it was like in the days beshyfore computers The dozens of trips to fly-markets the phone calls and the constant surveillance of Trade-ashyPlane were not only aggravating but added a huge amount of time to finshyishing the project Danny came into the Vintage world PC post computer so he was able to take full advantage of cyber searching for parts

Besides buying the airplane on eBay that service proved to be a tershyrific source for some of the rarer parts I needed Among other things thats

Whats in a Model Number By HG Frautschy

The differences between the llBC Chief and the llCC Super Chief are tough to spot but in todays sport pilot market one distinction can spell the

difference between flying one and just owning one

Both airplanes are powered by the Continental C85-8 and both came equipped with the rather clever McDowell starter The McDowell was vilified by

some as being a cheap substitute for an electrical starter but having had one

for years on my Super Chief Id have to say it s one of the neatest inventions

added to the postwar lightplane If treated with respect and used in the way the manufacturer intended it worked perfectly It did have one design weakness

that could have been easily solved but it didnt last long enough on the market to make it that far

The McDowell was activated using a cable with a ball swaged on the end

Because of the way the ball and cable were retained in the starters pulley

sheave the cable would fray and then break just below the ball or an overly

enthusiastic pull on the starter cable would pull the ball right off the end If Mcshy

Dowell had used a small fitting inside the sheeve to allow for a straight pull on

the cable (and if the cable had a ball and shank swaged fitting) Im convinced the McDowell would have been much more popular

It allowed for a lightweight starter to be installed on an airplane intended to be flown by casual travelers who were interested in ease of use and safety

It allowed my wife and her instructor both petite women to independently fly

the airplane without requiring a flip of the prop by someone else As long as

the engine was in good tune and one could reasonably expect the airplane to start when the impulse magneto fired the McDowell was a great way to pul l

the prop through safely

The 11BC and 11CC interiors were similar with a slight edge going to the

llCC for a few interior appointments added to enhance the automobile-like

feel to the cockpit Hap Granier the designer of the interior of all three postwar Aeroncas worked his magic on the Chiefs to give them a small sedan or coupe

feeling Bedford whipcord upholstery and side panels the zebrawood pattern wood-gra in-printed instrument panel and control wheels instead of control

sticks all contributed to that atmosphere

Both the 11CC and 11BC featured a large dorsal fin but the 11CC had a

different elevator stabilizer configuration That fact is sometimes lost on reshy

storers and aircraft modifiers who incorrectly (and illegally) put the earlier

11AC or llBC stab elevator combination on an llCC The 11CC has an aeroshy

dynamically balanced elevator designed to meet the hands-off gliding speed requirements of the then-new CAR 03 regulations Aeronca also had the llCC

certified in the Utility category as well as the Normal category with maximum gross weights of 1 290 and 1 350 pounds respectively That right there is a major difference in the airplanes as they are viewed in the market today The 11BC with a maximum gross weight of 1250 pounds is sport pilot eligible

while the llCC by virtue of its 1350 weight is not Interestingly a few llCC additions made it into the llBC as well Both

Chiefs as well as the four-place Aeronca Sedan shared the same rudder brake pedals with toe brakes instead of the heel brakes seen on the Champ Both feature flight characteristics similar to the Champ with the Chiefs having

the edge when it comes to cross-country flights With a 70-pound baggage alshylowance and up to 23 gallons of fuel on board the Chief is a great traveling machine if you re not in a hurry But when you re flying something as pretty as

a Chief whos in a big hurry

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 1 9

BONNIE KRATZ

He Danny Poultons Aeronca Chief features a custom color scheme that is reminiscent of the original decoration composed by Hap Granier for Aeroncas4012E side-by-side personal airplane

where I~gOt~t~h~e~iiiiiiiiiiibullbullbullbull con- trol yoke covers with the Aeronca logos the ashshytrays the bezels and the air box for the cabin heat I even found the pishytot tube and hand brake on eBay If I would have had to physically search for all of that stuff Id probably still be looking

Wag-Aero came to the rescue in supplying the struts and wing leadshying edges

III was able to use most of the origishynal boot cowl but the original noseshybowl was really bad and was cut for the McDowell starter so I used an STCd fiberglass replacement If I find a good original I may change that

11Th is airplane came out of the facshytory with toe brakes which were with the airplane and I stayed with the mechanical brakes and just installed new pads You dont really need

20 JUNE 2007

brakes on the airshyplane for anything so they work just fine

Danny was planning on flying the airplane a lot and added a venturi so he could run an artificial horizon and added air vent holes

When we were doing the inteshyrior there was no kit available for the headliner so a neighbor Phyllis Dalshyton sewed one up using the original material found on Chiefs That was really tedious Then I made the side panels and covered them with Airtex fabric and had to fabricate a new bagshygage door and make the boards for the seats

The panel had already been cleaned so the wood grain was gone but I decided not to try to put it on I did however make two metal glove

compartments for it The sliding windows were

original to the airplane but the polished prop isnt I just thought it looked betshyter polished

When the airframe was done and ready to be covered Danny went with Poly-Fiber and shot it with Aeroshythane but not in the original colshyors or scheme

IIAirtex had some sample seat covers for the airplane that were inexpensive so I bought them and had the paint mixed to go with the seat covers Also the paint stripes arent original They

mimic the factory scheme but arent exact I should also mention that I had some help with the fabric from Larry and Phyllis Dalton who helped cover the airplane This was my first time and they made it easy

Since Danny had no engine he was starting from scratch in that area The original was a C8S-8 but with his papaerwork he found a Supplemental Type Certificate (STC) that opened interesting new avenues

There was part of an STC in our paperwork that would let me install a -12 engine and that would allow me to have an electric starter which I reshyally wanted The problem was that the STC wasnt complete Plus the -8 mount is

than the shy12 so its not

a plug-andshyplay

change and I

expected some problems

getting the papershywork straightened out

I called the Atshylanta Flight Stanshydards District Office and really

lucked out The Coshylumbia Federal Aviashy

tion Agency (FAA) field examiner came out looked the airplane over and said hed be happy to clean up the paperwork and submit it to Atlanta for me What I thought was going to be a problem turned out to be quite easy

Unfortunately Danny found out that things dont always go easy when restoring an airplane and his headaches came in the form of his first engine

I had two sons

Dale and lD

and a wonderful

wife and 1 didnt

want to lose all of

that just because

1 was overweight

So 1 started

looking for an

airplane to rebuild

as a way to keep

myself busy

I bought a C8S-12 that had been overhauled I had flown it for about 22 hours when one cylinder lost a lot of compression so we pulled the jug When we got inside we found that the rod was just banging around in there and was loose on the crank When we split the case we found the crank was badly scored and a lot of metal had gone through the engine so I had to find another one

The second engine was freshly overhauled by an FAA-certified shop

in 2000 after a prop strike The guy I bought it from was building a homebuilt and

was afraid that the engine was going to sit too long before his

project was completed so he sold it Everything checked out to be perfect and it has been humming along with no problems since day one

We flew the airplane for the first time July I 2006 and I had a local pilot Gary Dalton do the test hop I dont mind telling you that I was nershyvous watching it When I flew it for the first time I had only 10 hours of tailshywheel time Id logged while getting my tail wheel endorsement I was a little nervous then too but everything went beautifully When we flew it it was alshymost exactly three years to the day that we unloaded it from the trailer

When I started I guess I became a little compulsive about working on it Id eat in the hangar work until 10 or 11 every night and sometimes Id wake up in the middle of the night and go out and work on it When Id get home from church on Sunday Id change clothes and go out and get something done Im glad I did it that way because it really helped me with the other problem

In the process of restoring his Chief Danny met several goals The first was finishing and flying his own Chief but the second and more imshyportant was taking control of his life From the time he started the Chief to the time he flew it he lost 230 pounds and added no telling how many years to his life Most people have difficulty committing to just finishing an airshyplane so Danny is to be congratushylated for two jobs well done ~

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 21

~The Bmiddot thof

Creating a classic design BY CHESTER L PEEK PHD

Could you in three months time design and build a new light plane without tools or factory and with very little money Impossible you say But that is just what eG Tayshylor did in the spring of 1936 when he introduced the legendary Taylorshycraft to the aviation world Heres the story

In the last week of December 1935 eG Taylor was confined to his bed ill and completely discourshy

aged Days before he and Bill Piper Hangar at Butler Pennsylvania 1936 Still in use today had signed a legal document that dissolved their troubled partnership For Taylors share of the Taylor Cub company (which was in debt more than $90000) he received approximately $5000 to be paid out in small installments over three years

Byron Shinn knew Taylor well both as a customer and friend In a 1991 letter he describes Taylors situashytion and subsequent events

Back in the 1930s we had a small manufacturing comshypany located in one of the hangars on the Butler Pennsylvashynia airport called The Shinn Devices Company We made aluminum wheels for aircraft 4 bead diameter 700X4 tire and at that time sold them to most of the light aircraft manshyufacturers including the Taylor and Piper organization in Bradford Pennsylvania We had a quite complete machine shop and engineering design business I remember how Taylorcraft got started One very cold winter day probably in December 1935 I drove up to see Taylor in Bradford The roads were terrible ice coated and I almost had several acshycidents When I got there I found Taylor sick in bed and in a very discouraged frame of mind He had just been kicked out of his company by Piper and had little or no money or employment I told him with his abilities as an aircraft deshysigner and builder that he should certainly try to get back in the business and offered to help if I could

I went back to Butler and contacted D Bar Peat who was a promoter a very nice fellow who was running the Butler

Ken SchoHer about 1980 airport I asked if he could raise some money to start Tayshy22 JUNE 2007

TAYLORCRAFT BY C 6 TAYLOR PlmBUR6H-BUTLER AIRPORT BunER PA

STABLE FAST A NEW LIGHT PLANE ECONOMICAL LOWPRICED

First Taylorcraft ad February 1936 Aero Digest

First Taylorcraft specifications Photo is of a model

during the

Depression

you NEVER

left a job

Yet these men

deeply loyal

to Taylor

came with him

to this chancy

new venture Byron Shinn about 1936

TAYLORCRAFT Model A

ATe pendingB_ Span 36 (11 m) Length 22 (67 m) Heicht 6 8 (21 m) Wm area 169 fLgt (156 ml) Power Ioodiaa 2IS IbsJhp (118 kcJho) WioJ Ioadma 58 1bbullJIt (293 kcl) Weicht empty 570 Ibs (259 kg) U falload 420 Ibs (190 kc) Payload 181 lbo (82 kcl Gr weiht m lbo (449kcr Bant I Ibs (5 kg) Fuel 10 gals

~L~~L11t1iLk hp

~~~gtam~~hm~~49 kph) l~ mph (51h ) Semlte laquoiliaC 101000 ft (4260 m) imb per min 400 It (122 tn) Cruig rang 210 mi (371 1aD) ~ F welded eel tubg four JODIeIODS of proareqjve diameters wood faired and fabric conrcd removable maine mouat j streued fot SO hp installamiddot tion Wg two paDdJ bolted to fuselafefabric _ ~ oectioo With eJlipticalJy rOUDded tips JOlid apruce JPlrs

Zplace ATC

metal ribs fabricated from drawn NicraJ secshytions sinclc drag wire bracinc built-up metal frame ailerons fabric COYered and of the balanced type with DO exposed horns

=r~~brTc ~~ai~~~wd~ removable fin elentor and stabiliurs inshyterlthanaeable right or IefL Landing rear =evbsor~ closed~~~es color ocJlulosc finish with trim Two-place flex-wine seat 39 inches ide--by-lide cabin fabric lined and fire-wall sound proofed all control cables and fittinp in the cabin are fully enclosed Baggag compartment 6- X 9- X w- back of seaL

~~6oo-~~bS~ wbeds DuPont Pluticell 1rindJhield rulr her mounted illltrument pampDe1 ~ Aeromarinc altimeter U S 011

~~itfra~~ pass or other instnunmts extra

Carlson and Harold White who were engineers Ken Tibbits and Les Salshychow Parks College graduates along with mechanics Colby Carpenter and William Crawford All these men had good secure jobs with Piper and durshying the Depression you NEVER left a job Yet these men deeply loyal to Taylor came with him to this chancy new venture All would eventually rise to responsible executive posishytions with Taylorcraft

Ken Scholter a local mechanic was hired as a welder Contemposhyrary reports credit him with most of the welding on the new plane Forshytunately he was also an amateur photographer and documented the building process on film He furshynished most of the photos shown in this article

Shinn resumes I When Taylor came to Butler he had very little money we all had very little money at that time I believe he got a small settlement from Piper for his share of the Cub company This was in the depths of the Depresshysion We doled the money out a few dolshylars at a time and started to build the first plane We used our machine shop to make the draw bench to make the rib parts and to make most of the parts jigs and dies that required machining

An engineering department was set up I hired a draftsman when Ray Carlshyson moved down from Bradford Tayshylor and the mechanics would make the parts and then the draftsman would

lor up again in the airplane business He along with Col make the drawings We designed a new wheel for the plane Breckenridge and some others did raise a little money about lightweight and very strong being constructed of an alumishy$1000 as I recall enough to include the building of the jigs num stamping fastened to a cast aluminum end rim Tayshyand fixtures and the first plane We moved Taylor and his lor and I also developed the new tapered axle which was family to Butler rented him a house and started work in a lighter and less costly A new Goodrich tire size 600 x 6 vacant hangar on the Butler airport SeveraL of Taylors men was used from Bradford came with him II The plane was designed and built during the first four

Actually six key Bradford employees left Piper and to five months of 1936 This must have been some sort of joined Taylor in the new enterprise They were Ray record When the plane was finished the test pilot Tibbits

VINTA GE A IR PLANE 23

One day we came to work

to find trucks backed up

to the hangar and Taylor

hauling away all the

Taylorcraft parts Batch of Shinn 800 x 4 wheelsjigs and fixtures

started the test flights First he taxied the plane up and down the runway then flew it the length of the runway just off the ground then made flights a bit higher and finally made circuits The plane flew very well but would not stall The CAA required proper recovery from a stall so Taylor worked on the horizontal tail surfaces so that a stall could be induced and the plane passed the CAA tests

Taylor was a design genius The CAA had just released a new-design wing curve and Taylor was the first I

ffi believe to use it The wing curve was ~ ~ faster and had a soft stall ~ This was the NACA 23012 airfoil z ~ Taylor once told the author that in

Fuselage structure 1935 he built a set of wings for the Cub using that airfoil but Piper veshytoed the change They were hanging on a wall when the Bradford factory burned in 1937

Shinn says I started an advertising campaign beginning with a very small ad in Aero Digest saying IISomething new is coming in Aviation The next ads told a little more People were very enthusiastic about the new plane It was much advanced over the Cub beshying faster with side-by-side seating and wheel controls Before long we had reshyceived down payments from over 50 customers $200 each as I recall This

ffi was due to correspondence with old ~ ~ Taylor Cub dealers and the Aero Dishy~ z gest ad In a 1992 interview Bob UJ

Taylor eGs son confirmed thisWing details He remembered his father waking

24 JUNE 2007

First A-40 run-up May 1936

him up one night in Butler and showing him $10000 in down payments

The first ad appeared in the February issue of Aero Digest and is shown on this page A later ad showed a photo of the plane but since no plane had been comshypleted at that time it was actually a snapshot of a model CG Taylor built on his kitchen table First the new trademark Taylorcraft was used but when Beechcraft threatened legal action claiming Taylorcraft sounded too much like Beechcraft the ads were changed to read Airplanes by GG Taylor However they resumed us-

CG Taylor and a Model ATaylorcraft 1936

ing the Taylorcraft name after sevshyeral months

Shinn continues D Bar Peat was always trying to promote the plane On Sundays they would put on an air show at the Butler airport and 200 to 300 people would atshytend Som e way he got the Taylorshycraft to lead the way when all the planes taxied by the grandstand at the Cleveland Air Races

Meanwhile in the hangar facshytory the prototype plane was beshying rushed to completion but not fast enough to suit Taylor He

once told the author I was away ~ from the plant for three days havshyo ~ ing given instructions to complete sect the engine mount When I returned

it was not done I hung the engine in the right place with a chain hoist we

cut the tubing to (it and it was done in an hour On May 1 the Continental A-40 engine SIN 635

was run up for the first time then on May 8 Taylor signed an application for an experimental certificate Only eight days later on Saturday May 16 CAA inshyspector RA Young witnessed the test flight and issued certificate X-16393 to the first Taylorcraft SIN 25 Apshyproximately three months had elapsed from the time construction was started until the new plane was airshyborne A remarkable achievement

It was a beautiful plane sleek and streamlined a far VINTAGE AIRPLANE 25

Test flight of the first Taylorcraft May 1936

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C G TAYL O R bull PlttsburqhmiddotBuUer Airport bull Bu tler Penna

April 1936 ad in Aero Digest

cry from Taylors boxy square-cornered E-2 Cub With side-by-side seating and wheel controls it rivaled much larger more expensive planes such as the Waco and Stinson Weight had been kept to a minimum the proshytotype weighed only 570 pounds It was much faster than the Cub The first prospective customers who flew the plane verified the advertised cruising speed of 80 mph In a race with two locals an Aeronca C-3 and a Kinner Fleet the Taylorcraft won easily

The investors at Butler were elated With nearly 100 orders and down payments received for their new plane they envisioned a rapid production buildup and the prospects of a thriving profitable enterprise Their faith however had been misplaced

Shinn continues But unknown to D Bar Peat and me Taylor had been talking to others about financing and a place to manufacture the plane One day we came to work to find trucks backed up to the hangar and Taylor haulshying away all the Taylorcraft parts jigs and fixtures They moved to Alliance Ohio where they got one years free rent on a large old airplane factory financing and tax breaks D Bar Peat and I retained a lawyer to try to get back our inshyvestment eventually getting back some shares ofTaylorcraft 26 JUNE 2007

stock instead of money And Piper quit buying my wheels and switched to Hayes

Happily Taylor and Shinn soon put their legal difshyferences behind them and remained good friends and business associates for many years

Shinn was not alone in his disappointment when the unexpected move came Scholter was out of a job In 1992 he made this comment They left Butler owing me almost a months pay which I never got But they did give me a very nice letter of recommendation

The Alliance Review newspaper proudly announced the arrival of the new aircraft enterprise in its July 9 1936 edition But that is a story for another day

Authors note When researching my book The Taylorcraft Story in

1992 I was privileged to personally interview four prishymary information sources regarding the Butler Pennshysylvania events eG Taylor Bob Taylor Ken Scholter and Byron Shinn The history above was taken from those interviews and contemporary newspaper articles

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LIN COL N MERCURY

EXTRA The Butler Manufacturing Co NL-I3 biplane

The March 2007 Mystery Plane is the 1932 Butler Manufacturing Co NL-13 biplane designed by Albin Kasper Longren (sometimes simply reshyferred to as the Longren NL-13)

AK Longren had a very long and interesting aviation career Born in a log cabin near Clay Center Kansas in 1882 he was the one of 14 children born to Swedish immigrant homeshystead farmers Charles and Emma Lonshygren In 1901 he took a business course from the International Corresponshydence School (ICS) which he followed up with an ICS diploma in mechanical engineering from 1907-1911

Longrens interest in aviation beshygan with his observations of Henry L Call in 1908 Call originally a New York lawyer author and socialist had moved to Girard Kansas in February of 1908 in order to construct a large and ungainly flying machine powered by two 20-hp Curtiss B-4 engines Known as the Mayfly and The Chicken (among other colorful names) the airshycraft failed to fly despite modification Call enjoyed the support of the nashytional socialist newspaper An Appeal to Reason and constructed several aircraft under the aegis of The Aerial Navigashytion Company of America starting in 1908 before the company changed its name

Beginning in 1911 Call manushyfactured two-cylinder and fourshycylinder horizontally opposed air-cooled engines which h e marshyketed to would-be aviators through

28 JUNE 2007

BY WESLEY SMITH

advertisements (primarily in Aircraft and Fly magazines published by Alshyfred W Lawson of 1920 Lawson Airshyliner fame) The two-cylinder Call was rated at 45 hp and the four-cylshyinder engine was rated at 90 hp Call engines were among the first aircraft engine to be fitted with mufflers an individual muffler being attached to the exhaust port of each cylinder

With his brother EJ Longren and a mechanic named William Janeke Longren constructed a Curtiss-type pusher biplane in Topeka Kansas Beshygun in the summer of 1910 the Toshypeka I was not completed until the fall of 1911 Fitted with a 60-hp Hall-Scott A-2 a water-cooled V-8 the Topeka I became the first successful aircraft to be completed in the state of Kansas Longren made his first flight on Sepshytember 2 and on September 5 1911 he made two flights the first flight reaching about 225 feet in altitude and covering 15 miles and the secshyond reaching about 300 feet and covshyering six miles

Of course Longren was only one of numerous individuals who built Curtiss-type pushers Plans for early Herring-Curtiss machines were pubshylished in Aeronautics and other aviashytion periodicals as well as in books With some individual alterations many such aircraft were built in the United States prior to Americas entry into World War 1

At any rate Longren soon went into the exhibition business with

H Young renaming the Topeka I as the Dixie Flyer The words Dixie Flyer - AK Longren - Aviator were painted on the underside of the Topeka IDishyxie Flyers monoplane canard Between 1911 and 1914 Longren gave 1372 exhibition flights in Kansas Texas Oklahoma Nebraska and Colorado for the Young Aviation Co

In 1912 Longren built a second Curshytiss-type with a Hall-Scott A-2 This airshycraft incorporated the improvements Curtiss had made to his newer aircraft during 1911-1912 and in due course the mid-gap ailerons were moved to the trailing edges of the upper wing This aircraft was sold to Longrens forshymer student and friend Phil Billard who used it to give exhibition flights This aircraft sometimes known as the Topeka II was presented to the Kansas State Historical Society in 1938 where it still exists as a display

In the spring of 1914 Longren took time to marry Ms Dolly Trent Later that winter (1914-1915) Longren built his first entirely original aircraft design - a two-place tractor biplane again seshylecting the reliable Hall-Scott as the powerplant During an exhibition at the Dickson County Fair at Abilene on September 9 1915 the aircraft stalled on takeoff and was destroyed hitting an automobile that was leaving the fairshygrounds Longrens passenger was relashytively unscathed but Longren suffered a broken leg and several internal injuries

While recovering from his injushyries in early 1916 Longren with Phil

Billard began the construction of his fourth aircraft the Model G The Model G was a clean two-place tractor biplane with a strong resemblance to a Curtiss IN-4 In fact it was powered by a Curtiss OX-2 and was intended for sale to the warring European powers However only two were sold one to the Kansas National Guard the other being used for exhibition flights

Late in the year Longren built a small tractor biplane sometimes reshyferred to as the Longren Bus The conshystruction featured a three-ply wooden monocoque fuselage and was built for William Burt of Okmulgee Oklahoma A second machine was constructed for Lester Miller of Dallas Texas who inshytended to use the aircraft for aerobatic exhibitions By late 1917 Longren had moved on to another two-place design known as the Model H As in the case of the earlier Longren Bus the Model H used a wooden monocoque fuselage The Model H was powered by a Curshytiss 90-hp OX-5 engine unfortunately while on his way to Kansas City Misshysouri Longren suffered an engine failshyure near Wakarusa Kansas The aircraft was destroyed in a crash which proved fatal to a cow standing in the field in which Longren was forced down He was made to pay $10000 in restitution to the angry farmer After that interest in the Model H faded away

Late in 1917 Longren became involved with Frederick W Buck MD ME and applied for a posishytion as chief engineer with the Buck Aircraft and Munitions Co of Denshyver To what extent Longren became involved with Dr Buck is unknown Buck (a long with Elmer Sperry and later Charles F Kettering at DaytonshyWright) had plans to develop and sell an aerial torpedo - essentially a small 50-hp biplane cruise misshysile which was intended to fly on a preprogrammed course then shed its wings at the proper time and place depositing a bomb contained within the crude fuselage framework

Longrens career took another path after his debacle with the Model H After failing to establish a new airshycraft company in Overland Park Kansas Longren eventually took a

position at McCook Field as an airshycraft inspector The Great War had cost Longrens friend Phil Billard his life when he was killed in a flying accident while serving in Issoudun France Longrens position at McshyCook had allowed him the opportushynity to examine every domestic and foreign-built aircraft tested there unshytil the time of his departure in 1919 On June 17 1919 Longren formed the Longren Aircraft Corp in Topeka Kansas using a former woolen mill in the Oakland suburb as the site for the new corporation The first aircraft to come out of the plant was the rebuilt Model H now resurrected as the H-2 It is unclear as to how the H-2 differed from the earlier Model H but by midshy1920 Longren had gone in yet another direction with the construction of the two-place Model D-2 - a small aircraft powered by a three-cylinder Y conshyfiguration Lawrence Model B engine of 35-60 hp Within a year the D-2 had evolved to become the Longren Model AK Sport

Described in the pages of Aviashy

tion and Aerial Age Weekly (Volume 11 Number 12 Sept 291921 pages 336-337 and Volume 14 Numshyber 3 Sept 26 1921 pages 55-56 respectively) the two-place Longren Sport or Fibre Sport was a sensational design that incorporated the three-ply laminated wooden monocoque fuseshylage of the 1916 Longren Bus and the 1917 Model H and a set of folding biplane wings to facilitate storage It is unclear as to how the fuselage of the Sport may have differed from earshylier Longren monocoque construcshytion techniques if at all

However a 1925 Longren patent describes the use of diamond-shaped wood fibre shell (procured from the National Fibre Co) being covered with an additional two layers of wood laminations on either side The fushyselage was made in upper and lower halves using steam-pipe-heated conshycrete male and female molds clamped together using 6000 pounds of presshysure The sections were then trimmed and dried with special provision for humidity control before being joined

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 29

to a framework of grooved ash longeshyrons and formers The fuselage formshyers were made of three-ply materials engine-bearing formers were made of a seven-ply material The formers were in turn attached to the fuseshylage shells with screws Finally the fushyselage was varnished inside and out with Valspar varnish the exterior reshyceiving a coat of pigmented varnish before a final clear coat

Sold with both Lawrence Model Lshy2 three-cylinder Y-style and Anzani sixshycylinder radial engines the Longren Fibre Sport was flown in several notashyble Midwestern aviation events during the early 1920s During the American Legion Air Meet at Kansas City (Octoshyber 31 - November 3 1921) the Sport made 38 consecutive loops while being flown by ND Trinler Two Sports were also flown during a special efficiency race held at Omaha Nebraska on Noshyvember 11 An AK Sport again flown by Trinler placed second with a speed of 7791 mph when flown over a 153shymile triangular course Later that Noshyvember two AK Sports were placed at the disposal of the Kansas City Star to deliver newspapers from Kansas City to Lawrence Kansas in record time During a game between the Missouri Tigers and the Kansasjayhawks a teleshygraph wired a play-by-play account of the football game to the Stars office The newspapers were then promptly set printed and delivered via aircraft to the Lawrence street vendors beshyfore departing fans were even able to reach their homes

After establishing a climb record for Longren aircraft in 1922 the Longren Sport attracted the attention of customshyers from as far away as China and the Soviet Union In 1923 the US Navy became interested and on February 19 1924 Lt jB Kneip flew the accepshytance tests for the first of three Lonshygren AK Sports that were sold to the Navy (serial numbered A6745 through A6747) The first machine was shipped to Washington DC for testing at the Anacostia Naval Air Station while the other two were delivered to Pensacola However documentation of their subshysequent testing and use by the Navy remains elusive

30 JUNE 2007

Photos of Longren Sports and the later NL-13 show the distinctive Lonshygren company logo painted on the side of the fuselage and perhaps a few words need to be said about it This consisted of four capital ilLs joined at the top of each letter This formed a crux gammata or swastika although the direction the letters pointed was counter-clockshywise as opposed the symbols use on aircraft flown by Nazi Germany in which the bottom of the ilLs point in a clockwise direction Prior to its adoption by the Nazi Party this ancient symbol was seen as far afield at the Southwestshyern United States where it was a sacred symbol of Native Americans and in Inshydia and in Runic Europe During The Great War the Indian head emblem of Seaplane Pilots Association (SPA) 124 included a crux gammata as part of the headdress worn by the Native Amerishycan chief tan In its time and place it was considered as a symbol of good forshytune and was in no way considered to be an insult In fact after World War I Finland adopted a grayish-blue crux

gammata inscribed within a white circle as the national insignia for its aircraft In Longrens case the ilL was inscribed with a second ilL and the rest of the letters in Longrens surname In addishytion to that a circular logo and was placed at the center of the emblem to which a set of wings and a propeller reached out to a point near the tips of the ilLs So as it turns out the Lonshygren swastika was covered by what might roughly be considered a crux

immissa or crucifix Longren had no connections to fascist idealism The company logo which originated in the Midwest in the early 20s was simply a clever play on the primary letter in Longrens surname

No matter how good an aircraft the Longren Sport was the company could not survive on such limited orders and the last aircraft was sold in May of 1924 The remaining company assets patents and facilities were sold at an auction in March 1926 The Longren Sport was resurrected briefly in 1928 when the American Eagle Aircraft Corporation of Kansas City Missouri built a solitary aircraft as the Model A-429 However the aircraft was much different than the

original Longren Sport and the design was not pursued further Following the collapse of his company Longren was hired by Willis Brown to become viceshypresident of production at the Spartan Aircraft Co in Tulsa When Brown left in 1929 Longren also moved on to beshycome a design consultant at the Butshyler Manufacturing Co at Kansas City Butler had planned to manufacture the Butler Blackhawk biplane However the company was unable to do this and all manufacturing was halted in 1931 At this pOint Longren made a deal to build a new airplane -- the NL-13

Registered as X12538 and sporting the distinctive Longren fuselage logo the NL-13 (NL possibly standing for New Longren) fuselage was built usshying a new machine-forming method for heat-treated duralumin sheets The upper and lower fuselage halves of the 1932 NL-13 biplane were joined to T-shaped longerons and riveted toshygether Fuselage formers also made of liT cross-section were riveted to the halves creating a very strong duralushymin semi-monocoque fuselage Like the earlier Longren AK the NL-13 had twin side-by-side seating The powerplant of the aircraft was a Martin 333 of 120 hp With the exception of the wing spars the NL-13 was of all-metal construction the wings being fabric covered

The aircraft was first tested by George Gay in August of 1932 At that time Gay worked for the aeronautics branch of the Civil Aeronautics Administrashytion (CAA) The aircraft was found to be slightly tail-heavy This was cured by a slight stabilizer adjustment The engine also suffered from a slight overshyheating problem This was corrected by enlarging the cooling louvers and subshystituting the original propeller with anshyother type

The NL-13 had a span of 28 feet and a length of 22 feet Apparently the goal of the NL-13 was to obtain a military contract After further testing at Roosshyevelt Field Long Island New York the fuselage of the NL-13 was sold to the United States Army Air Corps and underwent stress evaluation at Wright Field Dayton OhiO in june 1933 After slight modification to some of the stiff-

continued on page 37

Flying to me is all about having fun Its grass strips and old

friends and old airplanes The folks at AUA understand my kind

of flying and my kind of airplanes They provide great service

at very good rates and they know me as an individual not just

a policy number

- Darrell Jenkins

Dan-ell Jenkins Heber Springs AR

bull Private pilot single-engine land and sea

bull 500 hours total shy300 in taildraggers

bull Current aircraft 1948 Ercoupe 415-E

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continued from page 3

EAA Seeks to Preserve Access to Repair Station Services

EAA cautions that proposed aircraft repair station certification regulations could harm many small general aviashytion shops and adversely affect airshycraft owners seeking to maintain the airworthiness of their aircraft

The FAA estimates the cost for deshyveloping and implementing a new quality system called for by the proshyposed regulations at $34500 per reshypair station Many small operations cannot afford such an expense and it could force some to close their doors

We fear that these requirements would ultimately result in diminshyished availability of qualified and experienced maintenance expertise especially for the vintage fleet said Earl Lawrence EAA vice president of industry and regulatory affairs Airshycraft owners could be forced to use maintenance facilities with less speshycialized experience on their aircraft type making it more difficult to comshyplete major repairs and changes to small aircraft potentially impacting safety as well

EAA also questions the feasibility of requiring repair stations to mainshytain an approved capability list for each make series and model of airshycraft its permitted to work on Many small operators often inspect and maintain virtually hundreds of airshycraft types creating an administrashytive nightmare

EAA is willing to discuss how the FAA could best address its quality concerns while ensuring the ownshyers of small aircraft continue to have ready access to repair station services One suggestion EAA proposed is to exempt or lessen requirements for smaller shops with fewer than a given number of employees

EAAs full comments can be found at wwwEAAorgcommunications eaanewsRepa ir_Station_NPRM_Draftpdf The notice of proposed rulemaking is at httpDMSESDOTgovdocimages pdf99431749_webpdf 32 JUNE 2007

Young Eagle 13 Million Hails From New Mexico

Arlene Martinez in the right seat with volunteer Young Eagles pilot Paul Rachels

The EAA Young Eagles program the worlds most successful youth aviation initiative ever has registered the 13-millionth Young Eagle flown She is Arlene Martinez age 12 of Yuma Arizona who took her flight on March 17 at Somerton Airport (54AZ) in a Cessna 170 piloted by Paul Rachels EAA 633950 Rachels is president and Young Eagles coordinator for Yuma EAA Chapter 590

Arlene was very enthusiastic said Rachels who has flown 123 Young Eagles She definitely enjoyed the flight and would like to do it again He always gets a kick out of how kids react to their special flights Its as incredible an experience

for me as it is for them and I have 700 hours of flight time Steve Buss EAA Young Eagles executive director called it another important

milestone for the program which this year marks its 15th anniversary year-the birthday will be marked at AirVenture this year Its wonderful to recognize Paul and Arlenes flight but we also applaud the outstanding continuing support and enthusiasm for Young Eagles by our members We extend our congratulations to all who have helped the program reach this unprecedented level of participation

Nominations Due June 15 for EAA Young Eagles Awards Each year EAA honors several special volunteers at EAA AirVenture with the

annual Young Eagles awards and theres still time to nominate a deserving pershyson for 2007

Nominations for the following awards are being accepted through June 15

bull Chapter Coordinator bull Field Representative bull Ground Support Volunteer bull Young Eagles Humanitarian (presented for efforts to reach special needs

Young Eagles) bull Young Eagles Horizon Award (recognizing efforts to go beyond the basic

Young Eagles flight) Awards will be presented at a special ceremony held at EAA AirVenture Museshy

ums Eagle Hangar on Wednesday July 25 To download the official nomination form visit wwwYoungEaglesorgvolunteersaward_nominationpdf

BY BUCK HILBERT

The very beginning of airworthiness certificates pilot certificates

For many years Ive talked and writshy barnstormers and promote some ten about the beginnings of the Aero order and safety to their flying It had Club of America (ACA) now known one other side effect No record atshyas the National Aeronautic Associashy tempt or air show (or air meet as they tion (NAA) Ive explained how this were called back then) could be staged pioneer era appointed Orville Wright without the approval of the Aero as the chairman of the Contest amp Reshy Club which was affiliated with the cords Board and how a pilot registrashy international governing body the Feshytion program came into being deration Aeronautique Internationale

The World War I pilots returning (FAI) The contestant was required to home were barnstorming and othershy be a member of the Aero Club which wise doing their best to make a living then issued a certification to the pishyin aviation That led to attempts to lot Hence the FAlSporting License register and somehow civilize these old-timers would show was signed by

Certifying Aircraft and Pilots

AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATE IauecI to VIlICElll ASTOR Arw 23 W 26th Sl BYCit shy

m~ts CnltiUs that the Aircraft described below has been Inspected and found AiruIo~ for daylight llyin on AJIlI 0VEIl WUER OKLY

For the Fl)1nA Season of 1922 ~- ~-=l1=~== Cmlampato NJiI~_ _ -- UND ElV1UTEIS~OIlIS Iae

o o-_pmiIyenr3~J__I922 III _ - ~ t

_ _ Mri N=A1fefJ~mATE WAmR AmClWr _ _______ 1 - PQRIlrASRDWTCJN l T bull Y

N_- 01 AlOft to 5 M- 1-1 AJkwL c 9on MuwLOEBDIG AERO ElIGR C~IIoTNo 23-t SodoIH9~iF--__ 0- 30 pr 3 I~ _ 42 PT 6 U __ n 8 Pr _ 2700 4100 II UMIwI 1400 shy_ 130 M _Cd 20000 hlln_H_ 2S_ _ T LIBRRrY I I OBE __ US 32230 __ Do 5 000 - JfAJlJODS JULY 7 1922

Orville Wright It was a requirement of the federal government No federal requirement for a pilots certificate would come into being until the Air Commerce Act gave that authority and responsibility to the Department of Commerce on May 20 1926

In all of the information Ive read on the early days of the ACA later the NAA there was never any menshytion of aircraft standards or airworshythiness certificates I never quesshytioned it and as a matter of fact I never gave it a thought

Then along comes friend and Vinshytage member Mitch Wohl from Barrington Illinois and he drops two books on my desk The first one I picked up was titled A Symbol of Safety This book was first published in 1923 and tells all about the foundshying of the Underwriters Laboratories (UL) Reprinted in 1995 it goes into great detail as to the history of UL I found it very interesting

The second book published on the 100th anniversary of Underwritshyers Laboratories in 1994 amplifies a bit of the material that was pub-

This airworthiness certificate was issued by an Underwriters Laborashytories inspector Maj J W Jones who deemed the Loening Air Yacht of Vincent Astor to be in airworthy condishytion It is restricted to dayligbt flying and over water only Heres a photo of its sister ship from the 1922 Airshycraft Yearbook

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 3 3

Loening monoplane Flying Yacht 100 hp Liberty engine which made a world record for aHitude with three passengers and pilot 19500 feet

lished in the 1923 book Its entire theme is Making the World Safe for Technology What a revelation both regarding the organization s history in general and its involveshyment in aviation

The real beginnings were at the 1893 Worlds Fair at the Great White City in Chicago The Electricity Building had frequent visits by the fire brigade in response to the new alshyternating current electricity displays catching fire and causing problems It was then that William Henry Merrill began his testing lab which proved

electricity could be a servant rather than a master

Our only function is to serve not to profit We are doing someshything for manufacturers buyers and property owners everywhere We are doing things for humanity was a direct quote from Merrill This was the beginning of the lab The lab was funded by corporations that wanted their products tested as well as by the insurance underwriters themselves

From 1893 through 1905 the budshyget expanded from a mere $3000 to more than $300000 During that

The book goes into

great detail

as to physical

standards for

airmen There were

all sorts of tests

for altitude tolerance

fatigue and eyesight

and their standards

specify annual physicals

rAiLW~eeL5

srlINSON 15 JOCII~Y

34 JUNE 2007

time more than 7500 reports were published the lab moved to larger quarters it was chartered in Illinois and the landmark inspection and label service was established Within two years UL inspectors were at work in 67 citshyies UL got into everything electrical fire prevention fire extinguishers automobiles oil and gasses and transportashytion as well Thats where we come in airplanes

When the first commercial airplane takes off here in the USA in the 20s UL registers airplanes certifies pilots and issues the now rather quaint-sounding Rules of the Air

Im getting ahead of the full story but in a nutshell the National Aircraft Underwriters Association proposed and requested UL become the custodian of the official register of all aircraft pilots (other than government pilots) and take full charge of all details connected therewith

UL undertook this branch of the work on July I 1921 The book goes into great detail as to physical stanshy

dards for airmen There were all sorts of tests for altitude tolerance fatigue and eyesight and their standards specify annual physicals

No wonder the early birds were considered supermen The next step was to create a register of commercial and private aircraft On May I 1922 UL began a nationwide inspection service in order to make it possible to issue cershytificates of airworthiness for individual aircraft The details of the inspections and the people employed to conduct them is an early Whos Who in aviation The inspections were very stringent and as demanding for the aircraft as they were for the pilots

And that dear friends is the story of the first airworshythiness certificates They were all issued long before the Department of Commerce became involved and of course long before the creation of the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) and the Federal Aviation Administration

Little by little the freedoms of flight have been whittled down and the myriad of Federal Aviation Regulations we live with came about but here fellow pilots and aircraft owners was the very beginning and it was the insurance people who started it all I(

Over to you (( ~((~

~ Call to order your copies today

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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 35

BY HG FRAUTSCHY

THIS MONTHS MYSTERY PLANE PHOTO IS A BIT OF A MULLIGAN FOR THOSE OF YOU

WHO HAVE ENJOYED L1GHTPLANES FOR A NUMBER OF YEARS STILL NOT MUCH IS PUBLISHED ABOUT THIS RATHER ATTRACTIVE AMPHIBIAN

Send your answer to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box You can also send your response via e-mail Send 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Your answer needs your answer to mysteryplaneeaaorg Be sure to include to be in no later than July 15 for inclusion in the your name city and state in the body of your note and September 2007 issue of Vintage Airplane put I(Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line

MARCH S MYSTERY ANSWER

36 J UN E 2007

nology olph Dope

Heres a little about the March Mystery Plane

The subject Mystery Plane apshypears to be the Longren NL-13 sin 2 X12538 built in 1932 by Albin K Longren (1882-1950) in Kansas City Missouri Longren had been a design consultant for Butler Manushyfacturing Co during the certificashytion of the Butler Blackhawk and built the NL-13 in the Butler facility with help from Butler employees Butler had ceased production by that time in the depths of the Great Depression The NL-13 had an allshy

wing spars and the fabric wing covshyering The engine was a 120-hp Marshytin 333 inve rted inline with four cylinders The X12538 was the only NL-13 built and was not successful in reaching production although it was an ea rly example of formed alushyminum aircraft structures

My information comes from Aeroshyfilescom and from Chuck (Charles E) Lebrechts fine article entitled AK Longren - Pioneer Airman of the West published in American Aviation Historishycal Society Journal Vol26 No4 Winshyter 1981 pp258-270 Lebrechts article gives a great vjew of Longrens career as an aircraft designer and manufacturer

Jack Erickson State College Pennsylvania Other correct answers were reshy

ceived from WaIt House Wichshyita Kansas George Otto Snook Monroe Michigan John Miller Wamego Kansas Cam Bla ze r Leawood Kansas An extensive arshyticle on the airplane and AK Lonshygren written by Wesley Smith is also included in this issue of Vinshytage Airplane

metal airframe except for wooden 1---------------------------------shy

eners and bulkheads the NL-13 fuselage had a safety factor able to absorb 1683g

ahead of the center of gravity (CG) and 11g aft of the CG

This made the fuselage of the NL-13 considerably stronger than that of the Stearman YBT-3 Boeing P-26A Conshysolidated P-30 and Boeing P-12B with which it was compared the YBT-3 having a maximum g-Ioading potential of 109

both fore and aft of the CG While the reshyport recommended the possible adoption of Longrens construction techniques orshyders for the NL-13 were not forthcoming and no further examples were built

With the demise of Butler Longren went to work for himself using a porshytion of the former Butler factory at the Kansas City Municipal Airport In 1933-34 Longren did the initial metal work on the Luscombe Phantom and developed metal-working techniques with his partner Ivan Driggs Plans for opening another aircraft factory were put on hold when Cessn a reopened their Wichita Kansas facility in 1934 for production of the Cessna C-34 Cessna hired Longren as vjce-president a posishy

tion that he held until 1939 when he moved to Torrance California to open the Longren Aircraft Company

While Longren built no further airshycraft he became a successful subconshytractor of prefabricated components for other aircraft manufacturers After the end of World War II Longren sold his company and retired to a 3OOO-acre ranch at Adin Ca lifornia where he passed away due to a heart condition on Nov 19 1950 at age 68

The defini tive Longren article was written by Mr Charles E Lebrecht and was published in the Winter 1981 edishytion of the American Aviation Historical Society Journal (Volume 26 Number 4 pages 258-270) I am indebted to Mr Lebrechts excellent research for the inshyformation in this piece Further informashytion on AK Longren can be found in the pages of Aviation Quarterly (Mace Kenshyneth D Pioneer Airmen ofKansas Volshyume 5 Number 2 Second Quarter 1979 pages 152-163) Mr Maces article is also quite well-written and contains severshyal beautiful photos of Longrens aircraft as well as the 1908 Call Mayfly

VINTAGE A I RPLANE 37

The fo llowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter of information only and does not constishytute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed To submit an event send the information via mail to Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Or e-mail the information to vintageaircrafteaaorg Information should be received four months prior to the event date

JUNE S-IO-Union IL-Poplar Grove Airport Army Wings and Wheels Info Vintage Wings amp Wheels Museum 815-547middot3115 Tom Murray hiwheelsbcglobalnet

JUNE 14-17-St Louis MO-Dauster Flying Field Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) American Waco Club Flymiddotln Info Phil Coulson 269shy624-6490 or rcoulson516cscom www americanwacoclubcom

JUNE 20-2l--Lock Haven PA-William T Piper Memorial Airport (LHV) Sentimental Journey Fly-In Family oriented fly-in featuring antique and classic aircraft of all makes and models especially PIPERS Seminars vendors food camping and entertainment daily Come for the day or the week Call 570-893-4200 or 748shy5123 for more information j3cubkcnet org wwwsentimentaljourneyfly-incom

JUNE 21-24-Mt Vernon Ohio-Wynkoop Airport (6G4) 48th Annual National Waco Club Reunion Check www nationalwacoclubcom for more information and contact information Or email call Andy Heins 937 313 5931 wacoasoaolcom

JUNE 22-24-Gardner KA-Gardner Municipal Airport (K34) Greater KC VAA Chapter 16 Fly-in Contact Kevin Pratt 816-985-3248

JUNE 23-Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

JUNE 30-Chetek WI-The Chetek WI (Y23) 9AM car show craft fair and show a professional horse pull and a water ski show Plenty of food and drink available throughout the day For more info contact Chuck Harrison 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet or Tim Knutson 715-237shy2477 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

JUNE 31-Russellville KY- Russellville-Logan County Airport (4M7) 9th Annual All You Can Eat BarBQ Lunch 1100am - 200pm Rain Date July 5th Aircraft displays skydiving door prizes Everyone welcome For more information eaal165yahoo com wwwangelfirecom ky3 eaal165 Joe Lawrence 270-726-1558

JULY 4-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-llam For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

JULY 6-8--All iance Oh (2Dl)-Taylorcraft and Ohio Aeronca Aviators Fly-In See the airplanes built in Alliance OH amp Middletown

38 JU N E 2007

OH and the people that built them Camping motels food all day fbarberalliancelinkcom 330823-1168 bwmatzllacyahoocom 216 337-5643 httpwwwoaafy-incom see wwwbarberaircraftcom for airport diagrams Breakfast served Sat amp Sun 7AM to 11AM by EM Chapter 82

JULY 14-Zanesville OH-Parr Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

AUGUST 5-Queen City MO-Applegate Airport (15MO) 20th Annual Watermelon Fly-In amp BBQ 2pm til dark Come and see grass roots aviation at its best Info 660-766-2644

AUGUST S-Chetek WI-Southworth Municipal airport (Y23) BBQ Fly-In 1030am Warbird displays antique and unique airplanes antique amp collector car displays and raffles for airplane rides Procedes will be given to local charities Info Chuck Harrison - Office 715-924shy4501 Cell 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet Tim Knutson - Home 715-237-2477 Cell 651-308-2839 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

AUGUST 17-19--McMinnville OR-25th Annual West Coast Travel Air Reunion Come Celebrate the Rebirth of the Travel Air Expected to be the largest gathering of Vintage Travel Airs in recent times Held in conjunction with the Northwest Antique Airplane Club Event Info Bruce McElhoe 559-638-3746

AUGUST 18--Forest Lake MN-(25D)-Airport Fly-in and Open House lOam - 4pm 24shyhour gas and 24-hour grass 3000-foot 31 13 Forest Lake Lions serve brats corn-ltgtn-the-cob and ice cream 100LL is available John Schmidt EM 250021 St Paul Minnesota 651 776 1717

AUGUST IS-I9-Long Island NY- Bayport (23N) Annual Antique Aeroplane Fly-In Old time movies popcorn pig roast flour bomb drop and spot landing contest with the days ending in the in famous Sheep Shagger Baa For more info wwwAACGNY org or email Stuart Bain at Sbain emediaofny com

AUGUST 19-Brookfield WI-Capitol Airport (02C) Ice Cream Social and vintage Aircraft Display VAA Chapter 11 Dean London 262-442-4622

AUGUST 2S-Niles MI-Jerry Tyler Memorial Airport (3TR) VAA Chapter 35 Annual Corn amp Sausage Roast Lunch served 1100am

to 300 pm Rain date on Sunday August 26th Donations of $500 for adults and $300 for children under 12 Contact Len Jansen tripacerlenyahoocom

SEPTEMBER I -Marion IN-Marion Municipal Airport (MZZ) 17th Annual Fly-In Cruise-In 700am until 200pm This annual event features antique classic homebuilt ultralight and warbird aircraft as well as vintage cars trucks motorcycles and tractors An all-you-can-eat Pancake Breakfast is served with all proceeds going to the local Marion High School Marching Band wwwFlylnCruiselncomlnfo Ray Johnson (765) 664-2588 or rjohnson indyrrcom

SEPTEMBER I -Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $2 50 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer Phone (740) 454-7487

SEPTEMBER 2-Mondovi WI-21st Annual Log Cabin Airport Fly-In Doug Ward Owner Operator 715-287-4205 Lunch noon

SEPTEMBER 8-Newark Ohio-NewarkshyHeath Airport (VTA) Annual Fly-In DriveshyIn Breakfast Pancakes and More Young Eagles Flights Vintage Airplanes Classic Cars Tom McFadden 740-587shy2312 email EAA402adelphianet

SEPTEMBER 9-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-12pm For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

SEPTEMBER 21-22- Bartlesville OK-Frank Phillips Field (BVO) 51st Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-In Antiques Classics Light Sport Warbirds Forum Type Clubs Info Charlie Harris 918-622shy8400 wwwtulsafyincom

OCTOBER 5-7-Camden SC-Kershaw County Airport (KCDN) VAA Chapter 3 Fall Fly-In All classes welcome BBQ on field Fri Evening EAA judging all classes Sat Banquet Sat Nite Info Jim Wilson 843-753-7138 or eiwilson homexpresswaynet

OCTOBER 5-7-St Louis MO-Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) The Monocoupe Club Fly-In amp Reunion wwwmonocoupecom

OCTOBER IO-I4-Tuliahoma TN- Beech Birthday Party 2007 Staggerwing Twin Beech 18 Bonanza Baron Beech ownersamp enthusiasts Info 931shy455-1974

Your One STOP Quality Shop Hook up air hose from your compressor Add Glass Beads or otherabrasiveAim powergun 1-888-388-8803 (included) at part and remove 1-780-447-5955 rust paint and scale

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-=-_tI 8015 CONCER

~oNO~Y )JY 13

presented by Ecpse ~1aton n 8lt ford otor col1pa y

Page 7: PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATIONmembers.eaavintage.org/wp...Vol-35-No-6-June-2007.pdf · PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION . ... Flightline Safety Committee and their

The pudgy litHe Stinson 10 may be abit on the rare side but irs just so cute you cant help stop and watch as it taxis by This example is owned by Julian Thomas of NiceviHe Rorida

Good thing those bullet holes are painted on

Chuck Story brought this nice post-war Aeronca llAC Chief mounted on apair of Edo 1400 floats HG FRAUTSCHY PHOTOS

Chucks from Haslett Michigan

Dan Tubbs Taylorcraft looks as crisp and clean as a southern gentlemans summer white seersucker suil Dan hailsfrom AltamontTennessee

JUNE 2007 6

Left Jeff and Suzette Deaton in the proud owners of this outstanding customized 1954 BeedJcraft Bonanza Always among the top airplanes at any event in which it is shown the Beech won the top Classic category prize at this years Sun n FIHI Jeff and Suzette brought their son Blake age 5 along for his first camping Sun n fun adventure where he channed us all

BELOW One of the very rare airplanes on display duro ing this years kick off to the fly-in season was this CzechshybuiH Bucker Bul8l Bestmann owned and flown by Richard Epton of Brooks Georgia Winner of the Most Unique Classhysic aircraft award well have afeature story on this 1949 low-wing trainer in afuture issue of Vmtage Airplane

Willie Ropp now 95 years young (inset) reshystored this 1933 Travel Air CW seaplane nearly two deshycades ago and its still going I

strong Based at Browns Seaplane Base in Winter Haven Rorida it was flown during the seaplane fly-in by Willies daughter Belle

HG FRAUTSCHY PHOTOS

Sometimes you just need to use the transportation you have to get your newfound treasures back to your car

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 7

The Grand Champion Antique award was presented to Less Whittlesleys 1939 Lockheed 12A Electra Jr which was also the Antique Grand Champion at last years AirVenture Oshkosh 2006

RIGHT Unless youre awor1d traveler whos been to Europe its unlikely youve ever actually seen the Saab Safir 91 alow-wing trainer built by the automobileairshycraft manufacturer Lars De Jounge who now hails from Vero Beach Florida has lovingly restored this example which was presented with an Outstanding in Type award Lars tells us he plans on bringing the airplane to EAA AirVenture Oshkosh 2007

One more time The Luscombe Silvaire Aircraft Company (also known as Renaissance Aircraft) is now located on the Historic Flabob Airport in Riverside Califorshynia The company is planning to produce the venerable Luscombe Silvaire as their model LSA-8 powered by the newly available Continental 0-200 engine

wwwluscombemiddotsilvairecom JUN E 2007 8

Some folks think the Franklin 6A4-165-B3 engine was afactory option at the Aeronca factory for the 15AC Sedan it was no~ as the original STC was issued to Maine Air Service It certainly adds just a litHe more oomph to the performance of this fine 4-place airplane as owner Don Wilson can attesl Wilsons recent beautiful restoration which features seaplane door conversions and the very handy STCd fueling steps supplied by Burls Aircraft Rebuild of Chugiak Alaska Burl holds the Type Certificate for the Sedan and has been steadily adding to the available parts list

___~~~_ __~ for the Sedan

HG FRAUTSCHY PHOTOS

RIGHT William Sharpe from nearby Tampa Florida brought his 1962 Mooney M20C over to Sun nFun for aday or so

Even an altercation with a runway logging truck couldnt keep restorer Gorgeous weather was the norm for nearly every day during this years Sun nFun

and the annual picnic for the Vintage Aircraft area hosted by VAA Chapter 1(Florida Sport Aviation Antique and Classic Association-FSAACA) is always abig hit with the Vintage crowd as you can see by the nearly standingmiddotroom only crowd

VINTAG E AIRPLANE

pilot Jeff Smith of Asheboro North Carolina from Sun nFun with his brilmiddot liant restoration of his 125 hp Temco Globe Swift First purchased by Smith in 1996 hes carefully been restoring and polishing the essentially stock airmiddot plane for the past decade creating abeautiful showplane

9

Bill Scott of Springhill Florida restored his Stinson 108-3 with no intentions of selling it but the new owner Jim Gibson from Polk City FL worked on him for several years before he finally gave in_

-- -- - I

--- ~ ~ -- ~ ---1shy

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One of tile Inmdreds of volunteers on hand to help put on tile annual spring migration to Florida Bill Wedlund of Jacksonville Florida gives the stop signal to Kennit Sutton of Naples Florida as Kennit taxis in with his turbine DeHavilland Beaver conversion

Ron Haynes brought his lovely Piper Cub to Sun nFun from New Port Richey Florida Parked near the emergency aircraft repair building (thats afork lift behind the Cub) Rons Cub looked like just the ticket for enjoying the Florida air with the window and door open

Kent Pietschs 1942 S-l Interstate Cadet is flown in airshows all over the world (in January he flew in the AI Ain Aerobatic Show at Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates) and is now decorated in the colors of his new sponsor Jelly Belly jellybeans

10 JUNE 2007

An earty Model TA hydro in the air Note the tubular wing tip floats

The story of the Thomas-Morse Aircraft Corporation Part II

BY AL K ELCH

PHOTOS FROM THE WILLIAM T THOMAS JR COLLECTION VIA ROBERT G ELLIOTT

Preface two-part story in two 1960 issues of American Airman exshy1982-The following three-part article on the Thomasshy tensively researched by Frank Strand with a great deal oforigishy

Morse Aircraft Corp although extensively edited and further nal contact with William Thomas Sr researched by me should be credited to Robert C Elliott of Frank had permission to use all ofthe material he had gathshyDaytona Beach Florida who sought out William T Thomas ered to put together one more article specially tailored for VinshyIr still living in Daytona Beach Mr Thomas generously tage Airplane magazine on the Tommy-Morse Scout of World shared pictures and recollections of his father plus some mashy War I fame For the real Tommy buffs it would pay to seek out terial from the personal collections of Paul D Wison one of his extensive two-part story in the American Airman for lune the three original test pilots Robert submitted to me fresh mashy and luly 1960 Frank also did Profile No 68 published by Proshyterial on the earlier portions of the Thomas airplane venture file Publications Ltd PO Box 26 1A North St Leatherhead On researching several older articles I zeroed in on a wonderful Surrey England

In 1913-1914 the attention of the Thomas Aeroplane Company was turned to the development of flying boats following the similar course of Glenn Curtiss The first machine was quite crude with a wooden hull and the top deck covered with canvas powered with a six-cylinder 90-hp

Austro-Daimler engine The developshyment of this phase of Thomas flying boats went through some sleek mashyhogany-hulled versions on to develop the first metal-hulled hydroplane in America Along with the flying boats several interesting types developed including a two-place version of the

same airplane both powered by 90shyhp Austro-Daimler engines In adshydition a single-place monoplane reminiscent of the Bleriot was flown using a 40-hp Maxi-motor This Thomas monoplane proved unsuitshyable for exhibition work

It was about this time another Mr REPRINTED FROM Vintage Airplane AUGUST 1982

VI NTAGE AIRPLANE 11

An early Thomas tractor hydroplane with single float and wing tip floats

Riglrt-side view of a 1916 hydroplane two-place Model B-3 Austro-Daimler powered

A much earlier Thomas hydroplane with a 90-hp Austro-Daimler engine The forward section of the hull had a fabric cover to furnish protection from the spray

With a 90-hp Austro Austro-Daimshyler engine this metal-hulled Thomas hydroplanes fuel tank was located on top of a wing

~ t J 4 bull i

bull

~r -9shy bull r 0middot -

12 J U NE 2007

Two Guns White Cap chief of the Blackfoot Indians with pilot Ralph Brown WT Thomas at right The Inmiddot dian brought the whole tribal family to witness the flight Once off the water the chief let out a war whoop to let evmiddot eryone know he was quite pleased

The Brindley Street plant in Ithaca New York about 1915 where the Tmiddot2 and Dmiddot2 tractor planes were built

Thomas was due to be added to the company This gentleman had no relation to the founders of the comshypany but he was destined to change and influence the companys direcshytion substantially Mr B Douglas Thomas became the chief engineer and airplane designer He had an exshycellent aircraft background having previously worked as assistant airshycraft deSigner for Vickers Ltd and later Sopwith Aviation Through simshyilar circumstance he also worked for Glenn Curtiss where he assisted in designing the famous Curtiss Model J tractor and the famous Jenny He also took part with Lt Porte in designing the America the first multiple-engine flying boat built for the purpose of transatlantic flight

Upon being employed by the Thomas Bros Airplane Co B Dougshylas Thomas designed its first successshyful tractor biplane The model was deSignated T-2 and was similar to the Model J Curtiss except for the addi-

Morris Chain Co Ithaca New York a subsidiary of BorgmiddotWarner where WT Thomas eventually merged his interests Mr Morris owned controlmiddot ling interest with WT Thomas as vice president

VINTAGE AIRPLA NE 13

The board room group disshycussing aircraft business Left to right Harold Bliss BD Thomas GeorgeAbel Jerome Freed Mr Morris W T Thomas Raymond Ware BD Thomas was no relation to WT Thomas

Employees of the Thomas Brothers Aeroplane Co Ithaca New York Brindley Street plant

H might be Frank Burn-side standing beside the large trainer at the Thomas School of Aviation near Hhaca New York Note that the ailerons were emshyployed up top wing only Exshyhaust stacks rose from the top of the engine and were attached to pipe which wrapped around both sides of the fuselage WT Thomas flying school was the first Board of Regents Chartered Aviation School in New York State This plane was possishybly a Model 02

14 JUNE 2007

Side profile of an assemshybled Thomas Aero Motor The hand crank was preshy

ferred to swinging the prop on a geared ltwo-to-one)

engine Note the individual cylinder primers beside

spark plugs

tion of two nose skids and the 90-hp Austro-Daimler engine It had a top speed of 83 mph and could climb 3800 feet in 10 minutes carrying a lOOO-pound load The performance of this machine added to the prestige of the companys having hired a new deshySigner and resulted in an order from the British Adshymiralty for 24 Model T-2 airplanes its first sizable order

Wit h two pre v i 0 u s One of 15 Model SH-4 hydroplanes built by Thomas-Morse for the US Navy in about 1916 It moves from Hornell New York and Bath New York

was powered with a 149-hp Sturtevant engine

the brothers looked for a new locashy signed and built a 135-hp geared commissioned in the Royal Flying tion in which to expand Ithaca New engine with the help of designers Corps This brought a number of pishyYork at the southern end of Cayuga GeorgeAbel and Harold Bliss also two lots to the shores of Cayuga Lake as Lake was a natural choice with flat of the founders of this new division World War I gained intensity fields for takeoff and landing and a In 1915 two seaplanes designated The expansion and all of the activishy40-mile-long lake constituting an SH-4 and SH-5 were built for the ties had put considerable financial strain ideal seaplane or flying boat test area Navy and the D-5 tractor plane was on the Thomas companies A refinancshyThis coupled with the cold-weather developed for the Signal Corps Furshy ing was accomplished by merging the ability to fly from the ice resulted in ther development in 1916 resulted in airplane and engine division with the an ideal location production of the SH-4 seaplane and flying school then merging with the

Shortly after the move to Ithaca IS were built for the US Navy Morse Chain Co of Ithaca New York BD Thomas designed a new model With the prestige of not only an Thus the final name that is so wellshytheD-2 tractor biplane This was the airplane company but also a moshy known Thomas-Morse Aircraft Corp first use of the new Thomas entershy tor company and a flying school was born January 31 1917 in time to prise which was to build its own enshy The Thomas School of Aviation was build the famous World War I fighters gines This auxiliary company called picked by the Canadian government To be concluded in next months The Thomas Air Motor Co had de- for pilots who would train to become issue of Vintage Airplane

V I N T AGE AI RPLA NE 15

L0023Nnr 9l

bull SIAIWel uO~lnod all~

There seems to be two distinctly different types of people in the world of little airplanes those who love and adore the Aeronca Chief and those who wouldnt know an Aeronca Chief if they found it floating in their coffee Its not a question of liking it or disliking it because its one of those airplanes that has such a low recognition factor that a relatively

small percentage of the pilot popushylation even knows it exists In some ways thats a good thing because it has helped keep the prices down for those who want a Chief of their own One of those is Danny Poulton of Belshyton South Carolina

The Poultons Chief is not your avshyerage Chief Were all used to seeing the 11AC (65 hp) or the 11CC (85 hp)

-the postwar Super Chief-but theirs is an lIBe Were not sure it ever carshyried a name but maybe we should call it the Not-Quite-Super-Chief It came out of the factory in 1947 with a C8S-8 which meant no provisions for a starter Not a normal one anyway It had a McDowell starter which was a combination of ratcheted sprockets and a lever that worked very much like the pull starter on a lawn mower with the cable going back to a hanshydle in the cockpit By the time Danny bought the airplane as a project in Michigan the starter had long since disappeared In fact everything fireshywall-forward had disappeared But were getting ahead of ourselves

Danny had owned a number of airplanes in the past and in fact had learned to fly while he was still in high school

We had aviation on my moms side of the family he says My unshycle was an airframe and powerplant mechanic (AampP) and a fUll -time corshyporate pilot and he encouraged me

He progressed through a number of airplanes most of them some varishyation of the Piper PA-28 line includshying an Arrow although a 63 C-l72 did follow him home one day

I met Donna and aviation beshycame part of our life he says In fact we were married in a 421 Cessna at five thousand feet over Anderson South Carolina

Danny didnt get into vintage airshyplanes until four years ago with the Chief It was a form of therapy because he was on a crusade to lose weight

I had let myself balloon up to 460 pounds and if I was going to live I had to lose the weight I had two sons Dale and JD and a wonderful wife and I didnt want to lose all of that just beshycause I was overweight So I started looking for an airplane to rebuild as a way to keep myself busy We live on an airpark and we had a great guy Gene Richburg living just down the runshyway from us He was 82 years old at the time and knew everything there was to know about rebuilding airplanes and he volunteered to help me

So Danny launched on two projshyects at the same time both of them

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 17

Danny Poulton holds open the top cowl to reveal the Continental C-SS installation It appears Danny has decided not to trust his Chief mechanical fuel gauges which are known to be troublesome and is using an old standby the wire and cork float gauge so common prior to World War II

In keeping with the restrained nature of Dannys customized Chief a few nice touches such as the upholstered side panels and polished control wheel caps brighten up the otherwise original-looking cabin Look closely and you can see the toe brake pedals on the pilots side of the cockpit Those pedals are seen only on the UBC UCC and lSAC Sedan

The tubular structure of the landing gear is covered with an aluminum fairshying leading to a nicely finished pair of replica fiberglass wheelpants The small cable attached to the trailing edge of the landing gear is a safety cable It was originally installed in case of a failshyure of the originally installed phenolic piston within the oleo strut Later after an airworthiness directive (47-20-02) and Aeronca Service Helps and Hints No 12 required changing the phenoshylic part to one made of aluminum the need for the cable was negated but most owners keep it just in case

monumental The first was to lose weight and the second to find a projshyect that fit his goals and skill levels

I didnt look long and actually found the Chief on eBay It belonged to an AampP in Michigan who had started to rebuild it and then decided to put it up for sale I hadnt done anything like this before so I was reshyally not sure of what I was doing but I hooked up my trailer and headed up to Michigan to buy the Chief That was in July of 2003

What he saw when he got to Michshyigan was enough to encourage him so he loaded it up and brought it back to South Carolina As is always the case however he wouldnt really know what he had until he did a thorshyough inventory back home

The large dorsal fin on the llBC Chief (also used on the UCC) makes identifishycation of the higher-horsepower Chiefs a bit easier

18 JUNE 2007

When we unloaded at home Gene came over and we spread the entire collecshytion of stuff out to see what was missing and what kind of work was going to be needed In general the airshyframe was actually in great shape because the AampP

had already started workshying on it and had finished the major compon ents The wings were more or less complete and fini shed

and the work was beautiful About all th ey needed were the leading edges and to be covered

The fuselag e tubing had been cleaned and painted and most of the fuselage wood was usable too Part of the airplanes condition is probshyably because it had only 400 hours on it and had spent most of its life stored inside somewhere We dont have much of the airplane s history but you could see by looking at the wood and steel that it hadnt been left outside to rot like so many Chiefs have been

When we were done inventorying it we found a lot of missing or unusshyable stuff that I hadn t noticed when picking it up It had no tail wheel or wing struts and the doors were not only the wrong doors but were badly crushed There were no control yokes and all of the logos were missing Same thing for all of the interior upshyholstery boards Plus there was esshysentially nothing firewall-forward I

Its still easy for most of those who h ave restored airplanes to rememshyber what it was like in the days beshyfore computers The dozens of trips to fly-markets the phone calls and the constant surveillance of Trade-ashyPlane were not only aggravating but added a huge amount of time to finshyishing the project Danny came into the Vintage world PC post computer so he was able to take full advantage of cyber searching for parts

Besides buying the airplane on eBay that service proved to be a tershyrific source for some of the rarer parts I needed Among other things thats

Whats in a Model Number By HG Frautschy

The differences between the llBC Chief and the llCC Super Chief are tough to spot but in todays sport pilot market one distinction can spell the

difference between flying one and just owning one

Both airplanes are powered by the Continental C85-8 and both came equipped with the rather clever McDowell starter The McDowell was vilified by

some as being a cheap substitute for an electrical starter but having had one

for years on my Super Chief Id have to say it s one of the neatest inventions

added to the postwar lightplane If treated with respect and used in the way the manufacturer intended it worked perfectly It did have one design weakness

that could have been easily solved but it didnt last long enough on the market to make it that far

The McDowell was activated using a cable with a ball swaged on the end

Because of the way the ball and cable were retained in the starters pulley

sheave the cable would fray and then break just below the ball or an overly

enthusiastic pull on the starter cable would pull the ball right off the end If Mcshy

Dowell had used a small fitting inside the sheeve to allow for a straight pull on

the cable (and if the cable had a ball and shank swaged fitting) Im convinced the McDowell would have been much more popular

It allowed for a lightweight starter to be installed on an airplane intended to be flown by casual travelers who were interested in ease of use and safety

It allowed my wife and her instructor both petite women to independently fly

the airplane without requiring a flip of the prop by someone else As long as

the engine was in good tune and one could reasonably expect the airplane to start when the impulse magneto fired the McDowell was a great way to pul l

the prop through safely

The 11BC and 11CC interiors were similar with a slight edge going to the

llCC for a few interior appointments added to enhance the automobile-like

feel to the cockpit Hap Granier the designer of the interior of all three postwar Aeroncas worked his magic on the Chiefs to give them a small sedan or coupe

feeling Bedford whipcord upholstery and side panels the zebrawood pattern wood-gra in-printed instrument panel and control wheels instead of control

sticks all contributed to that atmosphere

Both the 11CC and 11BC featured a large dorsal fin but the 11CC had a

different elevator stabilizer configuration That fact is sometimes lost on reshy

storers and aircraft modifiers who incorrectly (and illegally) put the earlier

11AC or llBC stab elevator combination on an llCC The 11CC has an aeroshy

dynamically balanced elevator designed to meet the hands-off gliding speed requirements of the then-new CAR 03 regulations Aeronca also had the llCC

certified in the Utility category as well as the Normal category with maximum gross weights of 1 290 and 1 350 pounds respectively That right there is a major difference in the airplanes as they are viewed in the market today The 11BC with a maximum gross weight of 1250 pounds is sport pilot eligible

while the llCC by virtue of its 1350 weight is not Interestingly a few llCC additions made it into the llBC as well Both

Chiefs as well as the four-place Aeronca Sedan shared the same rudder brake pedals with toe brakes instead of the heel brakes seen on the Champ Both feature flight characteristics similar to the Champ with the Chiefs having

the edge when it comes to cross-country flights With a 70-pound baggage alshylowance and up to 23 gallons of fuel on board the Chief is a great traveling machine if you re not in a hurry But when you re flying something as pretty as

a Chief whos in a big hurry

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 1 9

BONNIE KRATZ

He Danny Poultons Aeronca Chief features a custom color scheme that is reminiscent of the original decoration composed by Hap Granier for Aeroncas4012E side-by-side personal airplane

where I~gOt~t~h~e~iiiiiiiiiiibullbullbullbull con- trol yoke covers with the Aeronca logos the ashshytrays the bezels and the air box for the cabin heat I even found the pishytot tube and hand brake on eBay If I would have had to physically search for all of that stuff Id probably still be looking

Wag-Aero came to the rescue in supplying the struts and wing leadshying edges

III was able to use most of the origishynal boot cowl but the original noseshybowl was really bad and was cut for the McDowell starter so I used an STCd fiberglass replacement If I find a good original I may change that

11Th is airplane came out of the facshytory with toe brakes which were with the airplane and I stayed with the mechanical brakes and just installed new pads You dont really need

20 JUNE 2007

brakes on the airshyplane for anything so they work just fine

Danny was planning on flying the airplane a lot and added a venturi so he could run an artificial horizon and added air vent holes

When we were doing the inteshyrior there was no kit available for the headliner so a neighbor Phyllis Dalshyton sewed one up using the original material found on Chiefs That was really tedious Then I made the side panels and covered them with Airtex fabric and had to fabricate a new bagshygage door and make the boards for the seats

The panel had already been cleaned so the wood grain was gone but I decided not to try to put it on I did however make two metal glove

compartments for it The sliding windows were

original to the airplane but the polished prop isnt I just thought it looked betshyter polished

When the airframe was done and ready to be covered Danny went with Poly-Fiber and shot it with Aeroshythane but not in the original colshyors or scheme

IIAirtex had some sample seat covers for the airplane that were inexpensive so I bought them and had the paint mixed to go with the seat covers Also the paint stripes arent original They

mimic the factory scheme but arent exact I should also mention that I had some help with the fabric from Larry and Phyllis Dalton who helped cover the airplane This was my first time and they made it easy

Since Danny had no engine he was starting from scratch in that area The original was a C8S-8 but with his papaerwork he found a Supplemental Type Certificate (STC) that opened interesting new avenues

There was part of an STC in our paperwork that would let me install a -12 engine and that would allow me to have an electric starter which I reshyally wanted The problem was that the STC wasnt complete Plus the -8 mount is

than the shy12 so its not

a plug-andshyplay

change and I

expected some problems

getting the papershywork straightened out

I called the Atshylanta Flight Stanshydards District Office and really

lucked out The Coshylumbia Federal Aviashy

tion Agency (FAA) field examiner came out looked the airplane over and said hed be happy to clean up the paperwork and submit it to Atlanta for me What I thought was going to be a problem turned out to be quite easy

Unfortunately Danny found out that things dont always go easy when restoring an airplane and his headaches came in the form of his first engine

I had two sons

Dale and lD

and a wonderful

wife and 1 didnt

want to lose all of

that just because

1 was overweight

So 1 started

looking for an

airplane to rebuild

as a way to keep

myself busy

I bought a C8S-12 that had been overhauled I had flown it for about 22 hours when one cylinder lost a lot of compression so we pulled the jug When we got inside we found that the rod was just banging around in there and was loose on the crank When we split the case we found the crank was badly scored and a lot of metal had gone through the engine so I had to find another one

The second engine was freshly overhauled by an FAA-certified shop

in 2000 after a prop strike The guy I bought it from was building a homebuilt and

was afraid that the engine was going to sit too long before his

project was completed so he sold it Everything checked out to be perfect and it has been humming along with no problems since day one

We flew the airplane for the first time July I 2006 and I had a local pilot Gary Dalton do the test hop I dont mind telling you that I was nershyvous watching it When I flew it for the first time I had only 10 hours of tailshywheel time Id logged while getting my tail wheel endorsement I was a little nervous then too but everything went beautifully When we flew it it was alshymost exactly three years to the day that we unloaded it from the trailer

When I started I guess I became a little compulsive about working on it Id eat in the hangar work until 10 or 11 every night and sometimes Id wake up in the middle of the night and go out and work on it When Id get home from church on Sunday Id change clothes and go out and get something done Im glad I did it that way because it really helped me with the other problem

In the process of restoring his Chief Danny met several goals The first was finishing and flying his own Chief but the second and more imshyportant was taking control of his life From the time he started the Chief to the time he flew it he lost 230 pounds and added no telling how many years to his life Most people have difficulty committing to just finishing an airshyplane so Danny is to be congratushylated for two jobs well done ~

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 21

~The Bmiddot thof

Creating a classic design BY CHESTER L PEEK PHD

Could you in three months time design and build a new light plane without tools or factory and with very little money Impossible you say But that is just what eG Tayshylor did in the spring of 1936 when he introduced the legendary Taylorshycraft to the aviation world Heres the story

In the last week of December 1935 eG Taylor was confined to his bed ill and completely discourshy

aged Days before he and Bill Piper Hangar at Butler Pennsylvania 1936 Still in use today had signed a legal document that dissolved their troubled partnership For Taylors share of the Taylor Cub company (which was in debt more than $90000) he received approximately $5000 to be paid out in small installments over three years

Byron Shinn knew Taylor well both as a customer and friend In a 1991 letter he describes Taylors situashytion and subsequent events

Back in the 1930s we had a small manufacturing comshypany located in one of the hangars on the Butler Pennsylvashynia airport called The Shinn Devices Company We made aluminum wheels for aircraft 4 bead diameter 700X4 tire and at that time sold them to most of the light aircraft manshyufacturers including the Taylor and Piper organization in Bradford Pennsylvania We had a quite complete machine shop and engineering design business I remember how Taylorcraft got started One very cold winter day probably in December 1935 I drove up to see Taylor in Bradford The roads were terrible ice coated and I almost had several acshycidents When I got there I found Taylor sick in bed and in a very discouraged frame of mind He had just been kicked out of his company by Piper and had little or no money or employment I told him with his abilities as an aircraft deshysigner and builder that he should certainly try to get back in the business and offered to help if I could

I went back to Butler and contacted D Bar Peat who was a promoter a very nice fellow who was running the Butler

Ken SchoHer about 1980 airport I asked if he could raise some money to start Tayshy22 JUNE 2007

TAYLORCRAFT BY C 6 TAYLOR PlmBUR6H-BUTLER AIRPORT BunER PA

STABLE FAST A NEW LIGHT PLANE ECONOMICAL LOWPRICED

First Taylorcraft ad February 1936 Aero Digest

First Taylorcraft specifications Photo is of a model

during the

Depression

you NEVER

left a job

Yet these men

deeply loyal

to Taylor

came with him

to this chancy

new venture Byron Shinn about 1936

TAYLORCRAFT Model A

ATe pendingB_ Span 36 (11 m) Length 22 (67 m) Heicht 6 8 (21 m) Wm area 169 fLgt (156 ml) Power Ioodiaa 2IS IbsJhp (118 kcJho) WioJ Ioadma 58 1bbullJIt (293 kcl) Weicht empty 570 Ibs (259 kg) U falload 420 Ibs (190 kc) Payload 181 lbo (82 kcl Gr weiht m lbo (449kcr Bant I Ibs (5 kg) Fuel 10 gals

~L~~L11t1iLk hp

~~~gtam~~hm~~49 kph) l~ mph (51h ) Semlte laquoiliaC 101000 ft (4260 m) imb per min 400 It (122 tn) Cruig rang 210 mi (371 1aD) ~ F welded eel tubg four JODIeIODS of proareqjve diameters wood faired and fabric conrcd removable maine mouat j streued fot SO hp installamiddot tion Wg two paDdJ bolted to fuselafefabric _ ~ oectioo With eJlipticalJy rOUDded tips JOlid apruce JPlrs

Zplace ATC

metal ribs fabricated from drawn NicraJ secshytions sinclc drag wire bracinc built-up metal frame ailerons fabric COYered and of the balanced type with DO exposed horns

=r~~brTc ~~ai~~~wd~ removable fin elentor and stabiliurs inshyterlthanaeable right or IefL Landing rear =evbsor~ closed~~~es color ocJlulosc finish with trim Two-place flex-wine seat 39 inches ide--by-lide cabin fabric lined and fire-wall sound proofed all control cables and fittinp in the cabin are fully enclosed Baggag compartment 6- X 9- X w- back of seaL

~~6oo-~~bS~ wbeds DuPont Pluticell 1rindJhield rulr her mounted illltrument pampDe1 ~ Aeromarinc altimeter U S 011

~~itfra~~ pass or other instnunmts extra

Carlson and Harold White who were engineers Ken Tibbits and Les Salshychow Parks College graduates along with mechanics Colby Carpenter and William Crawford All these men had good secure jobs with Piper and durshying the Depression you NEVER left a job Yet these men deeply loyal to Taylor came with him to this chancy new venture All would eventually rise to responsible executive posishytions with Taylorcraft

Ken Scholter a local mechanic was hired as a welder Contemposhyrary reports credit him with most of the welding on the new plane Forshytunately he was also an amateur photographer and documented the building process on film He furshynished most of the photos shown in this article

Shinn resumes I When Taylor came to Butler he had very little money we all had very little money at that time I believe he got a small settlement from Piper for his share of the Cub company This was in the depths of the Depresshysion We doled the money out a few dolshylars at a time and started to build the first plane We used our machine shop to make the draw bench to make the rib parts and to make most of the parts jigs and dies that required machining

An engineering department was set up I hired a draftsman when Ray Carlshyson moved down from Bradford Tayshylor and the mechanics would make the parts and then the draftsman would

lor up again in the airplane business He along with Col make the drawings We designed a new wheel for the plane Breckenridge and some others did raise a little money about lightweight and very strong being constructed of an alumishy$1000 as I recall enough to include the building of the jigs num stamping fastened to a cast aluminum end rim Tayshyand fixtures and the first plane We moved Taylor and his lor and I also developed the new tapered axle which was family to Butler rented him a house and started work in a lighter and less costly A new Goodrich tire size 600 x 6 vacant hangar on the Butler airport SeveraL of Taylors men was used from Bradford came with him II The plane was designed and built during the first four

Actually six key Bradford employees left Piper and to five months of 1936 This must have been some sort of joined Taylor in the new enterprise They were Ray record When the plane was finished the test pilot Tibbits

VINTA GE A IR PLANE 23

One day we came to work

to find trucks backed up

to the hangar and Taylor

hauling away all the

Taylorcraft parts Batch of Shinn 800 x 4 wheelsjigs and fixtures

started the test flights First he taxied the plane up and down the runway then flew it the length of the runway just off the ground then made flights a bit higher and finally made circuits The plane flew very well but would not stall The CAA required proper recovery from a stall so Taylor worked on the horizontal tail surfaces so that a stall could be induced and the plane passed the CAA tests

Taylor was a design genius The CAA had just released a new-design wing curve and Taylor was the first I

ffi believe to use it The wing curve was ~ ~ faster and had a soft stall ~ This was the NACA 23012 airfoil z ~ Taylor once told the author that in

Fuselage structure 1935 he built a set of wings for the Cub using that airfoil but Piper veshytoed the change They were hanging on a wall when the Bradford factory burned in 1937

Shinn says I started an advertising campaign beginning with a very small ad in Aero Digest saying IISomething new is coming in Aviation The next ads told a little more People were very enthusiastic about the new plane It was much advanced over the Cub beshying faster with side-by-side seating and wheel controls Before long we had reshyceived down payments from over 50 customers $200 each as I recall This

ffi was due to correspondence with old ~ ~ Taylor Cub dealers and the Aero Dishy~ z gest ad In a 1992 interview Bob UJ

Taylor eGs son confirmed thisWing details He remembered his father waking

24 JUNE 2007

First A-40 run-up May 1936

him up one night in Butler and showing him $10000 in down payments

The first ad appeared in the February issue of Aero Digest and is shown on this page A later ad showed a photo of the plane but since no plane had been comshypleted at that time it was actually a snapshot of a model CG Taylor built on his kitchen table First the new trademark Taylorcraft was used but when Beechcraft threatened legal action claiming Taylorcraft sounded too much like Beechcraft the ads were changed to read Airplanes by GG Taylor However they resumed us-

CG Taylor and a Model ATaylorcraft 1936

ing the Taylorcraft name after sevshyeral months

Shinn continues D Bar Peat was always trying to promote the plane On Sundays they would put on an air show at the Butler airport and 200 to 300 people would atshytend Som e way he got the Taylorshycraft to lead the way when all the planes taxied by the grandstand at the Cleveland Air Races

Meanwhile in the hangar facshytory the prototype plane was beshying rushed to completion but not fast enough to suit Taylor He

once told the author I was away ~ from the plant for three days havshyo ~ ing given instructions to complete sect the engine mount When I returned

it was not done I hung the engine in the right place with a chain hoist we

cut the tubing to (it and it was done in an hour On May 1 the Continental A-40 engine SIN 635

was run up for the first time then on May 8 Taylor signed an application for an experimental certificate Only eight days later on Saturday May 16 CAA inshyspector RA Young witnessed the test flight and issued certificate X-16393 to the first Taylorcraft SIN 25 Apshyproximately three months had elapsed from the time construction was started until the new plane was airshyborne A remarkable achievement

It was a beautiful plane sleek and streamlined a far VINTAGE AIRPLANE 25

Test flight of the first Taylorcraft May 1936

1 rryen~~A1~~~ )~ ~- shyITS A - -=- (=- = --- I FAF

BEAUTY 51495middot00-----shy~GRACEFULLY CONTINENTAL

STREAMLINED - - _ MOTOR

C G TAYL O R bull PlttsburqhmiddotBuUer Airport bull Bu tler Penna

April 1936 ad in Aero Digest

cry from Taylors boxy square-cornered E-2 Cub With side-by-side seating and wheel controls it rivaled much larger more expensive planes such as the Waco and Stinson Weight had been kept to a minimum the proshytotype weighed only 570 pounds It was much faster than the Cub The first prospective customers who flew the plane verified the advertised cruising speed of 80 mph In a race with two locals an Aeronca C-3 and a Kinner Fleet the Taylorcraft won easily

The investors at Butler were elated With nearly 100 orders and down payments received for their new plane they envisioned a rapid production buildup and the prospects of a thriving profitable enterprise Their faith however had been misplaced

Shinn continues But unknown to D Bar Peat and me Taylor had been talking to others about financing and a place to manufacture the plane One day we came to work to find trucks backed up to the hangar and Taylor haulshying away all the Taylorcraft parts jigs and fixtures They moved to Alliance Ohio where they got one years free rent on a large old airplane factory financing and tax breaks D Bar Peat and I retained a lawyer to try to get back our inshyvestment eventually getting back some shares ofTaylorcraft 26 JUNE 2007

stock instead of money And Piper quit buying my wheels and switched to Hayes

Happily Taylor and Shinn soon put their legal difshyferences behind them and remained good friends and business associates for many years

Shinn was not alone in his disappointment when the unexpected move came Scholter was out of a job In 1992 he made this comment They left Butler owing me almost a months pay which I never got But they did give me a very nice letter of recommendation

The Alliance Review newspaper proudly announced the arrival of the new aircraft enterprise in its July 9 1936 edition But that is a story for another day

Authors note When researching my book The Taylorcraft Story in

1992 I was privileged to personally interview four prishymary information sources regarding the Butler Pennshysylvania events eG Taylor Bob Taylor Ken Scholter and Byron Shinn The history above was taken from those interviews and contemporary newspaper articles

_ 55 ~a-~~~ition

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LIN COL N MERCURY

EXTRA The Butler Manufacturing Co NL-I3 biplane

The March 2007 Mystery Plane is the 1932 Butler Manufacturing Co NL-13 biplane designed by Albin Kasper Longren (sometimes simply reshyferred to as the Longren NL-13)

AK Longren had a very long and interesting aviation career Born in a log cabin near Clay Center Kansas in 1882 he was the one of 14 children born to Swedish immigrant homeshystead farmers Charles and Emma Lonshygren In 1901 he took a business course from the International Corresponshydence School (ICS) which he followed up with an ICS diploma in mechanical engineering from 1907-1911

Longrens interest in aviation beshygan with his observations of Henry L Call in 1908 Call originally a New York lawyer author and socialist had moved to Girard Kansas in February of 1908 in order to construct a large and ungainly flying machine powered by two 20-hp Curtiss B-4 engines Known as the Mayfly and The Chicken (among other colorful names) the airshycraft failed to fly despite modification Call enjoyed the support of the nashytional socialist newspaper An Appeal to Reason and constructed several aircraft under the aegis of The Aerial Navigashytion Company of America starting in 1908 before the company changed its name

Beginning in 1911 Call manushyfactured two-cylinder and fourshycylinder horizontally opposed air-cooled engines which h e marshyketed to would-be aviators through

28 JUNE 2007

BY WESLEY SMITH

advertisements (primarily in Aircraft and Fly magazines published by Alshyfred W Lawson of 1920 Lawson Airshyliner fame) The two-cylinder Call was rated at 45 hp and the four-cylshyinder engine was rated at 90 hp Call engines were among the first aircraft engine to be fitted with mufflers an individual muffler being attached to the exhaust port of each cylinder

With his brother EJ Longren and a mechanic named William Janeke Longren constructed a Curtiss-type pusher biplane in Topeka Kansas Beshygun in the summer of 1910 the Toshypeka I was not completed until the fall of 1911 Fitted with a 60-hp Hall-Scott A-2 a water-cooled V-8 the Topeka I became the first successful aircraft to be completed in the state of Kansas Longren made his first flight on Sepshytember 2 and on September 5 1911 he made two flights the first flight reaching about 225 feet in altitude and covering 15 miles and the secshyond reaching about 300 feet and covshyering six miles

Of course Longren was only one of numerous individuals who built Curtiss-type pushers Plans for early Herring-Curtiss machines were pubshylished in Aeronautics and other aviashytion periodicals as well as in books With some individual alterations many such aircraft were built in the United States prior to Americas entry into World War 1

At any rate Longren soon went into the exhibition business with

H Young renaming the Topeka I as the Dixie Flyer The words Dixie Flyer - AK Longren - Aviator were painted on the underside of the Topeka IDishyxie Flyers monoplane canard Between 1911 and 1914 Longren gave 1372 exhibition flights in Kansas Texas Oklahoma Nebraska and Colorado for the Young Aviation Co

In 1912 Longren built a second Curshytiss-type with a Hall-Scott A-2 This airshycraft incorporated the improvements Curtiss had made to his newer aircraft during 1911-1912 and in due course the mid-gap ailerons were moved to the trailing edges of the upper wing This aircraft was sold to Longrens forshymer student and friend Phil Billard who used it to give exhibition flights This aircraft sometimes known as the Topeka II was presented to the Kansas State Historical Society in 1938 where it still exists as a display

In the spring of 1914 Longren took time to marry Ms Dolly Trent Later that winter (1914-1915) Longren built his first entirely original aircraft design - a two-place tractor biplane again seshylecting the reliable Hall-Scott as the powerplant During an exhibition at the Dickson County Fair at Abilene on September 9 1915 the aircraft stalled on takeoff and was destroyed hitting an automobile that was leaving the fairshygrounds Longrens passenger was relashytively unscathed but Longren suffered a broken leg and several internal injuries

While recovering from his injushyries in early 1916 Longren with Phil

Billard began the construction of his fourth aircraft the Model G The Model G was a clean two-place tractor biplane with a strong resemblance to a Curtiss IN-4 In fact it was powered by a Curtiss OX-2 and was intended for sale to the warring European powers However only two were sold one to the Kansas National Guard the other being used for exhibition flights

Late in the year Longren built a small tractor biplane sometimes reshyferred to as the Longren Bus The conshystruction featured a three-ply wooden monocoque fuselage and was built for William Burt of Okmulgee Oklahoma A second machine was constructed for Lester Miller of Dallas Texas who inshytended to use the aircraft for aerobatic exhibitions By late 1917 Longren had moved on to another two-place design known as the Model H As in the case of the earlier Longren Bus the Model H used a wooden monocoque fuselage The Model H was powered by a Curshytiss 90-hp OX-5 engine unfortunately while on his way to Kansas City Misshysouri Longren suffered an engine failshyure near Wakarusa Kansas The aircraft was destroyed in a crash which proved fatal to a cow standing in the field in which Longren was forced down He was made to pay $10000 in restitution to the angry farmer After that interest in the Model H faded away

Late in 1917 Longren became involved with Frederick W Buck MD ME and applied for a posishytion as chief engineer with the Buck Aircraft and Munitions Co of Denshyver To what extent Longren became involved with Dr Buck is unknown Buck (a long with Elmer Sperry and later Charles F Kettering at DaytonshyWright) had plans to develop and sell an aerial torpedo - essentially a small 50-hp biplane cruise misshysile which was intended to fly on a preprogrammed course then shed its wings at the proper time and place depositing a bomb contained within the crude fuselage framework

Longrens career took another path after his debacle with the Model H After failing to establish a new airshycraft company in Overland Park Kansas Longren eventually took a

position at McCook Field as an airshycraft inspector The Great War had cost Longrens friend Phil Billard his life when he was killed in a flying accident while serving in Issoudun France Longrens position at McshyCook had allowed him the opportushynity to examine every domestic and foreign-built aircraft tested there unshytil the time of his departure in 1919 On June 17 1919 Longren formed the Longren Aircraft Corp in Topeka Kansas using a former woolen mill in the Oakland suburb as the site for the new corporation The first aircraft to come out of the plant was the rebuilt Model H now resurrected as the H-2 It is unclear as to how the H-2 differed from the earlier Model H but by midshy1920 Longren had gone in yet another direction with the construction of the two-place Model D-2 - a small aircraft powered by a three-cylinder Y conshyfiguration Lawrence Model B engine of 35-60 hp Within a year the D-2 had evolved to become the Longren Model AK Sport

Described in the pages of Aviashy

tion and Aerial Age Weekly (Volume 11 Number 12 Sept 291921 pages 336-337 and Volume 14 Numshyber 3 Sept 26 1921 pages 55-56 respectively) the two-place Longren Sport or Fibre Sport was a sensational design that incorporated the three-ply laminated wooden monocoque fuseshylage of the 1916 Longren Bus and the 1917 Model H and a set of folding biplane wings to facilitate storage It is unclear as to how the fuselage of the Sport may have differed from earshylier Longren monocoque construcshytion techniques if at all

However a 1925 Longren patent describes the use of diamond-shaped wood fibre shell (procured from the National Fibre Co) being covered with an additional two layers of wood laminations on either side The fushyselage was made in upper and lower halves using steam-pipe-heated conshycrete male and female molds clamped together using 6000 pounds of presshysure The sections were then trimmed and dried with special provision for humidity control before being joined

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 29

to a framework of grooved ash longeshyrons and formers The fuselage formshyers were made of three-ply materials engine-bearing formers were made of a seven-ply material The formers were in turn attached to the fuseshylage shells with screws Finally the fushyselage was varnished inside and out with Valspar varnish the exterior reshyceiving a coat of pigmented varnish before a final clear coat

Sold with both Lawrence Model Lshy2 three-cylinder Y-style and Anzani sixshycylinder radial engines the Longren Fibre Sport was flown in several notashyble Midwestern aviation events during the early 1920s During the American Legion Air Meet at Kansas City (Octoshyber 31 - November 3 1921) the Sport made 38 consecutive loops while being flown by ND Trinler Two Sports were also flown during a special efficiency race held at Omaha Nebraska on Noshyvember 11 An AK Sport again flown by Trinler placed second with a speed of 7791 mph when flown over a 153shymile triangular course Later that Noshyvember two AK Sports were placed at the disposal of the Kansas City Star to deliver newspapers from Kansas City to Lawrence Kansas in record time During a game between the Missouri Tigers and the Kansasjayhawks a teleshygraph wired a play-by-play account of the football game to the Stars office The newspapers were then promptly set printed and delivered via aircraft to the Lawrence street vendors beshyfore departing fans were even able to reach their homes

After establishing a climb record for Longren aircraft in 1922 the Longren Sport attracted the attention of customshyers from as far away as China and the Soviet Union In 1923 the US Navy became interested and on February 19 1924 Lt jB Kneip flew the accepshytance tests for the first of three Lonshygren AK Sports that were sold to the Navy (serial numbered A6745 through A6747) The first machine was shipped to Washington DC for testing at the Anacostia Naval Air Station while the other two were delivered to Pensacola However documentation of their subshysequent testing and use by the Navy remains elusive

30 JUNE 2007

Photos of Longren Sports and the later NL-13 show the distinctive Lonshygren company logo painted on the side of the fuselage and perhaps a few words need to be said about it This consisted of four capital ilLs joined at the top of each letter This formed a crux gammata or swastika although the direction the letters pointed was counter-clockshywise as opposed the symbols use on aircraft flown by Nazi Germany in which the bottom of the ilLs point in a clockwise direction Prior to its adoption by the Nazi Party this ancient symbol was seen as far afield at the Southwestshyern United States where it was a sacred symbol of Native Americans and in Inshydia and in Runic Europe During The Great War the Indian head emblem of Seaplane Pilots Association (SPA) 124 included a crux gammata as part of the headdress worn by the Native Amerishycan chief tan In its time and place it was considered as a symbol of good forshytune and was in no way considered to be an insult In fact after World War I Finland adopted a grayish-blue crux

gammata inscribed within a white circle as the national insignia for its aircraft In Longrens case the ilL was inscribed with a second ilL and the rest of the letters in Longrens surname In addishytion to that a circular logo and was placed at the center of the emblem to which a set of wings and a propeller reached out to a point near the tips of the ilLs So as it turns out the Lonshygren swastika was covered by what might roughly be considered a crux

immissa or crucifix Longren had no connections to fascist idealism The company logo which originated in the Midwest in the early 20s was simply a clever play on the primary letter in Longrens surname

No matter how good an aircraft the Longren Sport was the company could not survive on such limited orders and the last aircraft was sold in May of 1924 The remaining company assets patents and facilities were sold at an auction in March 1926 The Longren Sport was resurrected briefly in 1928 when the American Eagle Aircraft Corporation of Kansas City Missouri built a solitary aircraft as the Model A-429 However the aircraft was much different than the

original Longren Sport and the design was not pursued further Following the collapse of his company Longren was hired by Willis Brown to become viceshypresident of production at the Spartan Aircraft Co in Tulsa When Brown left in 1929 Longren also moved on to beshycome a design consultant at the Butshyler Manufacturing Co at Kansas City Butler had planned to manufacture the Butler Blackhawk biplane However the company was unable to do this and all manufacturing was halted in 1931 At this pOint Longren made a deal to build a new airplane -- the NL-13

Registered as X12538 and sporting the distinctive Longren fuselage logo the NL-13 (NL possibly standing for New Longren) fuselage was built usshying a new machine-forming method for heat-treated duralumin sheets The upper and lower fuselage halves of the 1932 NL-13 biplane were joined to T-shaped longerons and riveted toshygether Fuselage formers also made of liT cross-section were riveted to the halves creating a very strong duralushymin semi-monocoque fuselage Like the earlier Longren AK the NL-13 had twin side-by-side seating The powerplant of the aircraft was a Martin 333 of 120 hp With the exception of the wing spars the NL-13 was of all-metal construction the wings being fabric covered

The aircraft was first tested by George Gay in August of 1932 At that time Gay worked for the aeronautics branch of the Civil Aeronautics Administrashytion (CAA) The aircraft was found to be slightly tail-heavy This was cured by a slight stabilizer adjustment The engine also suffered from a slight overshyheating problem This was corrected by enlarging the cooling louvers and subshystituting the original propeller with anshyother type

The NL-13 had a span of 28 feet and a length of 22 feet Apparently the goal of the NL-13 was to obtain a military contract After further testing at Roosshyevelt Field Long Island New York the fuselage of the NL-13 was sold to the United States Army Air Corps and underwent stress evaluation at Wright Field Dayton OhiO in june 1933 After slight modification to some of the stiff-

continued on page 37

Flying to me is all about having fun Its grass strips and old

friends and old airplanes The folks at AUA understand my kind

of flying and my kind of airplanes They provide great service

at very good rates and they know me as an individual not just

a policy number

- Darrell Jenkins

Dan-ell Jenkins Heber Springs AR

bull Private pilot single-engine land and sea

bull 500 hours total shy300 in taildraggers

bull Current aircraft 1948 Ercoupe 415-E

AUA is Vintage Aircraft Association approved To become a member of VAA call 800middot843middot3612

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Lower liability and hull premiums - Medical payments induded - Fleet discounts for multiple aircraft carrying all risk coverages

continued from page 3

EAA Seeks to Preserve Access to Repair Station Services

EAA cautions that proposed aircraft repair station certification regulations could harm many small general aviashytion shops and adversely affect airshycraft owners seeking to maintain the airworthiness of their aircraft

The FAA estimates the cost for deshyveloping and implementing a new quality system called for by the proshyposed regulations at $34500 per reshypair station Many small operations cannot afford such an expense and it could force some to close their doors

We fear that these requirements would ultimately result in diminshyished availability of qualified and experienced maintenance expertise especially for the vintage fleet said Earl Lawrence EAA vice president of industry and regulatory affairs Airshycraft owners could be forced to use maintenance facilities with less speshycialized experience on their aircraft type making it more difficult to comshyplete major repairs and changes to small aircraft potentially impacting safety as well

EAA also questions the feasibility of requiring repair stations to mainshytain an approved capability list for each make series and model of airshycraft its permitted to work on Many small operators often inspect and maintain virtually hundreds of airshycraft types creating an administrashytive nightmare

EAA is willing to discuss how the FAA could best address its quality concerns while ensuring the ownshyers of small aircraft continue to have ready access to repair station services One suggestion EAA proposed is to exempt or lessen requirements for smaller shops with fewer than a given number of employees

EAAs full comments can be found at wwwEAAorgcommunications eaanewsRepa ir_Station_NPRM_Draftpdf The notice of proposed rulemaking is at httpDMSESDOTgovdocimages pdf99431749_webpdf 32 JUNE 2007

Young Eagle 13 Million Hails From New Mexico

Arlene Martinez in the right seat with volunteer Young Eagles pilot Paul Rachels

The EAA Young Eagles program the worlds most successful youth aviation initiative ever has registered the 13-millionth Young Eagle flown She is Arlene Martinez age 12 of Yuma Arizona who took her flight on March 17 at Somerton Airport (54AZ) in a Cessna 170 piloted by Paul Rachels EAA 633950 Rachels is president and Young Eagles coordinator for Yuma EAA Chapter 590

Arlene was very enthusiastic said Rachels who has flown 123 Young Eagles She definitely enjoyed the flight and would like to do it again He always gets a kick out of how kids react to their special flights Its as incredible an experience

for me as it is for them and I have 700 hours of flight time Steve Buss EAA Young Eagles executive director called it another important

milestone for the program which this year marks its 15th anniversary year-the birthday will be marked at AirVenture this year Its wonderful to recognize Paul and Arlenes flight but we also applaud the outstanding continuing support and enthusiasm for Young Eagles by our members We extend our congratulations to all who have helped the program reach this unprecedented level of participation

Nominations Due June 15 for EAA Young Eagles Awards Each year EAA honors several special volunteers at EAA AirVenture with the

annual Young Eagles awards and theres still time to nominate a deserving pershyson for 2007

Nominations for the following awards are being accepted through June 15

bull Chapter Coordinator bull Field Representative bull Ground Support Volunteer bull Young Eagles Humanitarian (presented for efforts to reach special needs

Young Eagles) bull Young Eagles Horizon Award (recognizing efforts to go beyond the basic

Young Eagles flight) Awards will be presented at a special ceremony held at EAA AirVenture Museshy

ums Eagle Hangar on Wednesday July 25 To download the official nomination form visit wwwYoungEaglesorgvolunteersaward_nominationpdf

BY BUCK HILBERT

The very beginning of airworthiness certificates pilot certificates

For many years Ive talked and writshy barnstormers and promote some ten about the beginnings of the Aero order and safety to their flying It had Club of America (ACA) now known one other side effect No record atshyas the National Aeronautic Associashy tempt or air show (or air meet as they tion (NAA) Ive explained how this were called back then) could be staged pioneer era appointed Orville Wright without the approval of the Aero as the chairman of the Contest amp Reshy Club which was affiliated with the cords Board and how a pilot registrashy international governing body the Feshytion program came into being deration Aeronautique Internationale

The World War I pilots returning (FAI) The contestant was required to home were barnstorming and othershy be a member of the Aero Club which wise doing their best to make a living then issued a certification to the pishyin aviation That led to attempts to lot Hence the FAlSporting License register and somehow civilize these old-timers would show was signed by

Certifying Aircraft and Pilots

AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATE IauecI to VIlICElll ASTOR Arw 23 W 26th Sl BYCit shy

m~ts CnltiUs that the Aircraft described below has been Inspected and found AiruIo~ for daylight llyin on AJIlI 0VEIl WUER OKLY

For the Fl)1nA Season of 1922 ~- ~-=l1=~== Cmlampato NJiI~_ _ -- UND ElV1UTEIS~OIlIS Iae

o o-_pmiIyenr3~J__I922 III _ - ~ t

_ _ Mri N=A1fefJ~mATE WAmR AmClWr _ _______ 1 - PQRIlrASRDWTCJN l T bull Y

N_- 01 AlOft to 5 M- 1-1 AJkwL c 9on MuwLOEBDIG AERO ElIGR C~IIoTNo 23-t SodoIH9~iF--__ 0- 30 pr 3 I~ _ 42 PT 6 U __ n 8 Pr _ 2700 4100 II UMIwI 1400 shy_ 130 M _Cd 20000 hlln_H_ 2S_ _ T LIBRRrY I I OBE __ US 32230 __ Do 5 000 - JfAJlJODS JULY 7 1922

Orville Wright It was a requirement of the federal government No federal requirement for a pilots certificate would come into being until the Air Commerce Act gave that authority and responsibility to the Department of Commerce on May 20 1926

In all of the information Ive read on the early days of the ACA later the NAA there was never any menshytion of aircraft standards or airworshythiness certificates I never quesshytioned it and as a matter of fact I never gave it a thought

Then along comes friend and Vinshytage member Mitch Wohl from Barrington Illinois and he drops two books on my desk The first one I picked up was titled A Symbol of Safety This book was first published in 1923 and tells all about the foundshying of the Underwriters Laboratories (UL) Reprinted in 1995 it goes into great detail as to the history of UL I found it very interesting

The second book published on the 100th anniversary of Underwritshyers Laboratories in 1994 amplifies a bit of the material that was pub-

This airworthiness certificate was issued by an Underwriters Laborashytories inspector Maj J W Jones who deemed the Loening Air Yacht of Vincent Astor to be in airworthy condishytion It is restricted to dayligbt flying and over water only Heres a photo of its sister ship from the 1922 Airshycraft Yearbook

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 3 3

Loening monoplane Flying Yacht 100 hp Liberty engine which made a world record for aHitude with three passengers and pilot 19500 feet

lished in the 1923 book Its entire theme is Making the World Safe for Technology What a revelation both regarding the organization s history in general and its involveshyment in aviation

The real beginnings were at the 1893 Worlds Fair at the Great White City in Chicago The Electricity Building had frequent visits by the fire brigade in response to the new alshyternating current electricity displays catching fire and causing problems It was then that William Henry Merrill began his testing lab which proved

electricity could be a servant rather than a master

Our only function is to serve not to profit We are doing someshything for manufacturers buyers and property owners everywhere We are doing things for humanity was a direct quote from Merrill This was the beginning of the lab The lab was funded by corporations that wanted their products tested as well as by the insurance underwriters themselves

From 1893 through 1905 the budshyget expanded from a mere $3000 to more than $300000 During that

The book goes into

great detail

as to physical

standards for

airmen There were

all sorts of tests

for altitude tolerance

fatigue and eyesight

and their standards

specify annual physicals

rAiLW~eeL5

srlINSON 15 JOCII~Y

34 JUNE 2007

time more than 7500 reports were published the lab moved to larger quarters it was chartered in Illinois and the landmark inspection and label service was established Within two years UL inspectors were at work in 67 citshyies UL got into everything electrical fire prevention fire extinguishers automobiles oil and gasses and transportashytion as well Thats where we come in airplanes

When the first commercial airplane takes off here in the USA in the 20s UL registers airplanes certifies pilots and issues the now rather quaint-sounding Rules of the Air

Im getting ahead of the full story but in a nutshell the National Aircraft Underwriters Association proposed and requested UL become the custodian of the official register of all aircraft pilots (other than government pilots) and take full charge of all details connected therewith

UL undertook this branch of the work on July I 1921 The book goes into great detail as to physical stanshy

dards for airmen There were all sorts of tests for altitude tolerance fatigue and eyesight and their standards specify annual physicals

No wonder the early birds were considered supermen The next step was to create a register of commercial and private aircraft On May I 1922 UL began a nationwide inspection service in order to make it possible to issue cershytificates of airworthiness for individual aircraft The details of the inspections and the people employed to conduct them is an early Whos Who in aviation The inspections were very stringent and as demanding for the aircraft as they were for the pilots

And that dear friends is the story of the first airworshythiness certificates They were all issued long before the Department of Commerce became involved and of course long before the creation of the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) and the Federal Aviation Administration

Little by little the freedoms of flight have been whittled down and the myriad of Federal Aviation Regulations we live with came about but here fellow pilots and aircraft owners was the very beginning and it was the insurance people who started it all I(

Over to you (( ~((~

~ Call to order your copies today

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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 35

BY HG FRAUTSCHY

THIS MONTHS MYSTERY PLANE PHOTO IS A BIT OF A MULLIGAN FOR THOSE OF YOU

WHO HAVE ENJOYED L1GHTPLANES FOR A NUMBER OF YEARS STILL NOT MUCH IS PUBLISHED ABOUT THIS RATHER ATTRACTIVE AMPHIBIAN

Send your answer to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box You can also send your response via e-mail Send 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Your answer needs your answer to mysteryplaneeaaorg Be sure to include to be in no later than July 15 for inclusion in the your name city and state in the body of your note and September 2007 issue of Vintage Airplane put I(Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line

MARCH S MYSTERY ANSWER

36 J UN E 2007

nology olph Dope

Heres a little about the March Mystery Plane

The subject Mystery Plane apshypears to be the Longren NL-13 sin 2 X12538 built in 1932 by Albin K Longren (1882-1950) in Kansas City Missouri Longren had been a design consultant for Butler Manushyfacturing Co during the certificashytion of the Butler Blackhawk and built the NL-13 in the Butler facility with help from Butler employees Butler had ceased production by that time in the depths of the Great Depression The NL-13 had an allshy

wing spars and the fabric wing covshyering The engine was a 120-hp Marshytin 333 inve rted inline with four cylinders The X12538 was the only NL-13 built and was not successful in reaching production although it was an ea rly example of formed alushyminum aircraft structures

My information comes from Aeroshyfilescom and from Chuck (Charles E) Lebrechts fine article entitled AK Longren - Pioneer Airman of the West published in American Aviation Historishycal Society Journal Vol26 No4 Winshyter 1981 pp258-270 Lebrechts article gives a great vjew of Longrens career as an aircraft designer and manufacturer

Jack Erickson State College Pennsylvania Other correct answers were reshy

ceived from WaIt House Wichshyita Kansas George Otto Snook Monroe Michigan John Miller Wamego Kansas Cam Bla ze r Leawood Kansas An extensive arshyticle on the airplane and AK Lonshygren written by Wesley Smith is also included in this issue of Vinshytage Airplane

metal airframe except for wooden 1---------------------------------shy

eners and bulkheads the NL-13 fuselage had a safety factor able to absorb 1683g

ahead of the center of gravity (CG) and 11g aft of the CG

This made the fuselage of the NL-13 considerably stronger than that of the Stearman YBT-3 Boeing P-26A Conshysolidated P-30 and Boeing P-12B with which it was compared the YBT-3 having a maximum g-Ioading potential of 109

both fore and aft of the CG While the reshyport recommended the possible adoption of Longrens construction techniques orshyders for the NL-13 were not forthcoming and no further examples were built

With the demise of Butler Longren went to work for himself using a porshytion of the former Butler factory at the Kansas City Municipal Airport In 1933-34 Longren did the initial metal work on the Luscombe Phantom and developed metal-working techniques with his partner Ivan Driggs Plans for opening another aircraft factory were put on hold when Cessn a reopened their Wichita Kansas facility in 1934 for production of the Cessna C-34 Cessna hired Longren as vjce-president a posishy

tion that he held until 1939 when he moved to Torrance California to open the Longren Aircraft Company

While Longren built no further airshycraft he became a successful subconshytractor of prefabricated components for other aircraft manufacturers After the end of World War II Longren sold his company and retired to a 3OOO-acre ranch at Adin Ca lifornia where he passed away due to a heart condition on Nov 19 1950 at age 68

The defini tive Longren article was written by Mr Charles E Lebrecht and was published in the Winter 1981 edishytion of the American Aviation Historical Society Journal (Volume 26 Number 4 pages 258-270) I am indebted to Mr Lebrechts excellent research for the inshyformation in this piece Further informashytion on AK Longren can be found in the pages of Aviation Quarterly (Mace Kenshyneth D Pioneer Airmen ofKansas Volshyume 5 Number 2 Second Quarter 1979 pages 152-163) Mr Maces article is also quite well-written and contains severshyal beautiful photos of Longrens aircraft as well as the 1908 Call Mayfly

VINTAGE A I RPLANE 37

The fo llowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter of information only and does not constishytute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed To submit an event send the information via mail to Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Or e-mail the information to vintageaircrafteaaorg Information should be received four months prior to the event date

JUNE S-IO-Union IL-Poplar Grove Airport Army Wings and Wheels Info Vintage Wings amp Wheels Museum 815-547middot3115 Tom Murray hiwheelsbcglobalnet

JUNE 14-17-St Louis MO-Dauster Flying Field Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) American Waco Club Flymiddotln Info Phil Coulson 269shy624-6490 or rcoulson516cscom www americanwacoclubcom

JUNE 20-2l--Lock Haven PA-William T Piper Memorial Airport (LHV) Sentimental Journey Fly-In Family oriented fly-in featuring antique and classic aircraft of all makes and models especially PIPERS Seminars vendors food camping and entertainment daily Come for the day or the week Call 570-893-4200 or 748shy5123 for more information j3cubkcnet org wwwsentimentaljourneyfly-incom

JUNE 21-24-Mt Vernon Ohio-Wynkoop Airport (6G4) 48th Annual National Waco Club Reunion Check www nationalwacoclubcom for more information and contact information Or email call Andy Heins 937 313 5931 wacoasoaolcom

JUNE 22-24-Gardner KA-Gardner Municipal Airport (K34) Greater KC VAA Chapter 16 Fly-in Contact Kevin Pratt 816-985-3248

JUNE 23-Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

JUNE 30-Chetek WI-The Chetek WI (Y23) 9AM car show craft fair and show a professional horse pull and a water ski show Plenty of food and drink available throughout the day For more info contact Chuck Harrison 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet or Tim Knutson 715-237shy2477 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

JUNE 31-Russellville KY- Russellville-Logan County Airport (4M7) 9th Annual All You Can Eat BarBQ Lunch 1100am - 200pm Rain Date July 5th Aircraft displays skydiving door prizes Everyone welcome For more information eaal165yahoo com wwwangelfirecom ky3 eaal165 Joe Lawrence 270-726-1558

JULY 4-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-llam For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

JULY 6-8--All iance Oh (2Dl)-Taylorcraft and Ohio Aeronca Aviators Fly-In See the airplanes built in Alliance OH amp Middletown

38 JU N E 2007

OH and the people that built them Camping motels food all day fbarberalliancelinkcom 330823-1168 bwmatzllacyahoocom 216 337-5643 httpwwwoaafy-incom see wwwbarberaircraftcom for airport diagrams Breakfast served Sat amp Sun 7AM to 11AM by EM Chapter 82

JULY 14-Zanesville OH-Parr Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

AUGUST 5-Queen City MO-Applegate Airport (15MO) 20th Annual Watermelon Fly-In amp BBQ 2pm til dark Come and see grass roots aviation at its best Info 660-766-2644

AUGUST S-Chetek WI-Southworth Municipal airport (Y23) BBQ Fly-In 1030am Warbird displays antique and unique airplanes antique amp collector car displays and raffles for airplane rides Procedes will be given to local charities Info Chuck Harrison - Office 715-924shy4501 Cell 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet Tim Knutson - Home 715-237-2477 Cell 651-308-2839 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

AUGUST 17-19--McMinnville OR-25th Annual West Coast Travel Air Reunion Come Celebrate the Rebirth of the Travel Air Expected to be the largest gathering of Vintage Travel Airs in recent times Held in conjunction with the Northwest Antique Airplane Club Event Info Bruce McElhoe 559-638-3746

AUGUST 18--Forest Lake MN-(25D)-Airport Fly-in and Open House lOam - 4pm 24shyhour gas and 24-hour grass 3000-foot 31 13 Forest Lake Lions serve brats corn-ltgtn-the-cob and ice cream 100LL is available John Schmidt EM 250021 St Paul Minnesota 651 776 1717

AUGUST IS-I9-Long Island NY- Bayport (23N) Annual Antique Aeroplane Fly-In Old time movies popcorn pig roast flour bomb drop and spot landing contest with the days ending in the in famous Sheep Shagger Baa For more info wwwAACGNY org or email Stuart Bain at Sbain emediaofny com

AUGUST 19-Brookfield WI-Capitol Airport (02C) Ice Cream Social and vintage Aircraft Display VAA Chapter 11 Dean London 262-442-4622

AUGUST 2S-Niles MI-Jerry Tyler Memorial Airport (3TR) VAA Chapter 35 Annual Corn amp Sausage Roast Lunch served 1100am

to 300 pm Rain date on Sunday August 26th Donations of $500 for adults and $300 for children under 12 Contact Len Jansen tripacerlenyahoocom

SEPTEMBER I -Marion IN-Marion Municipal Airport (MZZ) 17th Annual Fly-In Cruise-In 700am until 200pm This annual event features antique classic homebuilt ultralight and warbird aircraft as well as vintage cars trucks motorcycles and tractors An all-you-can-eat Pancake Breakfast is served with all proceeds going to the local Marion High School Marching Band wwwFlylnCruiselncomlnfo Ray Johnson (765) 664-2588 or rjohnson indyrrcom

SEPTEMBER I -Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $2 50 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer Phone (740) 454-7487

SEPTEMBER 2-Mondovi WI-21st Annual Log Cabin Airport Fly-In Doug Ward Owner Operator 715-287-4205 Lunch noon

SEPTEMBER 8-Newark Ohio-NewarkshyHeath Airport (VTA) Annual Fly-In DriveshyIn Breakfast Pancakes and More Young Eagles Flights Vintage Airplanes Classic Cars Tom McFadden 740-587shy2312 email EAA402adelphianet

SEPTEMBER 9-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-12pm For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

SEPTEMBER 21-22- Bartlesville OK-Frank Phillips Field (BVO) 51st Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-In Antiques Classics Light Sport Warbirds Forum Type Clubs Info Charlie Harris 918-622shy8400 wwwtulsafyincom

OCTOBER 5-7-Camden SC-Kershaw County Airport (KCDN) VAA Chapter 3 Fall Fly-In All classes welcome BBQ on field Fri Evening EAA judging all classes Sat Banquet Sat Nite Info Jim Wilson 843-753-7138 or eiwilson homexpresswaynet

OCTOBER 5-7-St Louis MO-Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) The Monocoupe Club Fly-In amp Reunion wwwmonocoupecom

OCTOBER IO-I4-Tuliahoma TN- Beech Birthday Party 2007 Staggerwing Twin Beech 18 Bonanza Baron Beech ownersamp enthusiasts Info 931shy455-1974

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-=-_tI 8015 CONCER

~oNO~Y )JY 13

presented by Ecpse ~1aton n 8lt ford otor col1pa y

Page 8: PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATIONmembers.eaavintage.org/wp...Vol-35-No-6-June-2007.pdf · PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION . ... Flightline Safety Committee and their

Left Jeff and Suzette Deaton in the proud owners of this outstanding customized 1954 BeedJcraft Bonanza Always among the top airplanes at any event in which it is shown the Beech won the top Classic category prize at this years Sun n FIHI Jeff and Suzette brought their son Blake age 5 along for his first camping Sun n fun adventure where he channed us all

BELOW One of the very rare airplanes on display duro ing this years kick off to the fly-in season was this CzechshybuiH Bucker Bul8l Bestmann owned and flown by Richard Epton of Brooks Georgia Winner of the Most Unique Classhysic aircraft award well have afeature story on this 1949 low-wing trainer in afuture issue of Vmtage Airplane

Willie Ropp now 95 years young (inset) reshystored this 1933 Travel Air CW seaplane nearly two deshycades ago and its still going I

strong Based at Browns Seaplane Base in Winter Haven Rorida it was flown during the seaplane fly-in by Willies daughter Belle

HG FRAUTSCHY PHOTOS

Sometimes you just need to use the transportation you have to get your newfound treasures back to your car

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 7

The Grand Champion Antique award was presented to Less Whittlesleys 1939 Lockheed 12A Electra Jr which was also the Antique Grand Champion at last years AirVenture Oshkosh 2006

RIGHT Unless youre awor1d traveler whos been to Europe its unlikely youve ever actually seen the Saab Safir 91 alow-wing trainer built by the automobileairshycraft manufacturer Lars De Jounge who now hails from Vero Beach Florida has lovingly restored this example which was presented with an Outstanding in Type award Lars tells us he plans on bringing the airplane to EAA AirVenture Oshkosh 2007

One more time The Luscombe Silvaire Aircraft Company (also known as Renaissance Aircraft) is now located on the Historic Flabob Airport in Riverside Califorshynia The company is planning to produce the venerable Luscombe Silvaire as their model LSA-8 powered by the newly available Continental 0-200 engine

wwwluscombemiddotsilvairecom JUN E 2007 8

Some folks think the Franklin 6A4-165-B3 engine was afactory option at the Aeronca factory for the 15AC Sedan it was no~ as the original STC was issued to Maine Air Service It certainly adds just a litHe more oomph to the performance of this fine 4-place airplane as owner Don Wilson can attesl Wilsons recent beautiful restoration which features seaplane door conversions and the very handy STCd fueling steps supplied by Burls Aircraft Rebuild of Chugiak Alaska Burl holds the Type Certificate for the Sedan and has been steadily adding to the available parts list

___~~~_ __~ for the Sedan

HG FRAUTSCHY PHOTOS

RIGHT William Sharpe from nearby Tampa Florida brought his 1962 Mooney M20C over to Sun nFun for aday or so

Even an altercation with a runway logging truck couldnt keep restorer Gorgeous weather was the norm for nearly every day during this years Sun nFun

and the annual picnic for the Vintage Aircraft area hosted by VAA Chapter 1(Florida Sport Aviation Antique and Classic Association-FSAACA) is always abig hit with the Vintage crowd as you can see by the nearly standingmiddotroom only crowd

VINTAG E AIRPLANE

pilot Jeff Smith of Asheboro North Carolina from Sun nFun with his brilmiddot liant restoration of his 125 hp Temco Globe Swift First purchased by Smith in 1996 hes carefully been restoring and polishing the essentially stock airmiddot plane for the past decade creating abeautiful showplane

9

Bill Scott of Springhill Florida restored his Stinson 108-3 with no intentions of selling it but the new owner Jim Gibson from Polk City FL worked on him for several years before he finally gave in_

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One of tile Inmdreds of volunteers on hand to help put on tile annual spring migration to Florida Bill Wedlund of Jacksonville Florida gives the stop signal to Kennit Sutton of Naples Florida as Kennit taxis in with his turbine DeHavilland Beaver conversion

Ron Haynes brought his lovely Piper Cub to Sun nFun from New Port Richey Florida Parked near the emergency aircraft repair building (thats afork lift behind the Cub) Rons Cub looked like just the ticket for enjoying the Florida air with the window and door open

Kent Pietschs 1942 S-l Interstate Cadet is flown in airshows all over the world (in January he flew in the AI Ain Aerobatic Show at Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates) and is now decorated in the colors of his new sponsor Jelly Belly jellybeans

10 JUNE 2007

An earty Model TA hydro in the air Note the tubular wing tip floats

The story of the Thomas-Morse Aircraft Corporation Part II

BY AL K ELCH

PHOTOS FROM THE WILLIAM T THOMAS JR COLLECTION VIA ROBERT G ELLIOTT

Preface two-part story in two 1960 issues of American Airman exshy1982-The following three-part article on the Thomasshy tensively researched by Frank Strand with a great deal oforigishy

Morse Aircraft Corp although extensively edited and further nal contact with William Thomas Sr researched by me should be credited to Robert C Elliott of Frank had permission to use all ofthe material he had gathshyDaytona Beach Florida who sought out William T Thomas ered to put together one more article specially tailored for VinshyIr still living in Daytona Beach Mr Thomas generously tage Airplane magazine on the Tommy-Morse Scout of World shared pictures and recollections of his father plus some mashy War I fame For the real Tommy buffs it would pay to seek out terial from the personal collections of Paul D Wison one of his extensive two-part story in the American Airman for lune the three original test pilots Robert submitted to me fresh mashy and luly 1960 Frank also did Profile No 68 published by Proshyterial on the earlier portions of the Thomas airplane venture file Publications Ltd PO Box 26 1A North St Leatherhead On researching several older articles I zeroed in on a wonderful Surrey England

In 1913-1914 the attention of the Thomas Aeroplane Company was turned to the development of flying boats following the similar course of Glenn Curtiss The first machine was quite crude with a wooden hull and the top deck covered with canvas powered with a six-cylinder 90-hp

Austro-Daimler engine The developshyment of this phase of Thomas flying boats went through some sleek mashyhogany-hulled versions on to develop the first metal-hulled hydroplane in America Along with the flying boats several interesting types developed including a two-place version of the

same airplane both powered by 90shyhp Austro-Daimler engines In adshydition a single-place monoplane reminiscent of the Bleriot was flown using a 40-hp Maxi-motor This Thomas monoplane proved unsuitshyable for exhibition work

It was about this time another Mr REPRINTED FROM Vintage Airplane AUGUST 1982

VI NTAGE AIRPLANE 11

An early Thomas tractor hydroplane with single float and wing tip floats

Riglrt-side view of a 1916 hydroplane two-place Model B-3 Austro-Daimler powered

A much earlier Thomas hydroplane with a 90-hp Austro-Daimler engine The forward section of the hull had a fabric cover to furnish protection from the spray

With a 90-hp Austro Austro-Daimshyler engine this metal-hulled Thomas hydroplanes fuel tank was located on top of a wing

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12 J U NE 2007

Two Guns White Cap chief of the Blackfoot Indians with pilot Ralph Brown WT Thomas at right The Inmiddot dian brought the whole tribal family to witness the flight Once off the water the chief let out a war whoop to let evmiddot eryone know he was quite pleased

The Brindley Street plant in Ithaca New York about 1915 where the Tmiddot2 and Dmiddot2 tractor planes were built

Thomas was due to be added to the company This gentleman had no relation to the founders of the comshypany but he was destined to change and influence the companys direcshytion substantially Mr B Douglas Thomas became the chief engineer and airplane designer He had an exshycellent aircraft background having previously worked as assistant airshycraft deSigner for Vickers Ltd and later Sopwith Aviation Through simshyilar circumstance he also worked for Glenn Curtiss where he assisted in designing the famous Curtiss Model J tractor and the famous Jenny He also took part with Lt Porte in designing the America the first multiple-engine flying boat built for the purpose of transatlantic flight

Upon being employed by the Thomas Bros Airplane Co B Dougshylas Thomas designed its first successshyful tractor biplane The model was deSignated T-2 and was similar to the Model J Curtiss except for the addi-

Morris Chain Co Ithaca New York a subsidiary of BorgmiddotWarner where WT Thomas eventually merged his interests Mr Morris owned controlmiddot ling interest with WT Thomas as vice president

VINTAGE AIRPLA NE 13

The board room group disshycussing aircraft business Left to right Harold Bliss BD Thomas GeorgeAbel Jerome Freed Mr Morris W T Thomas Raymond Ware BD Thomas was no relation to WT Thomas

Employees of the Thomas Brothers Aeroplane Co Ithaca New York Brindley Street plant

H might be Frank Burn-side standing beside the large trainer at the Thomas School of Aviation near Hhaca New York Note that the ailerons were emshyployed up top wing only Exshyhaust stacks rose from the top of the engine and were attached to pipe which wrapped around both sides of the fuselage WT Thomas flying school was the first Board of Regents Chartered Aviation School in New York State This plane was possishybly a Model 02

14 JUNE 2007

Side profile of an assemshybled Thomas Aero Motor The hand crank was preshy

ferred to swinging the prop on a geared ltwo-to-one)

engine Note the individual cylinder primers beside

spark plugs

tion of two nose skids and the 90-hp Austro-Daimler engine It had a top speed of 83 mph and could climb 3800 feet in 10 minutes carrying a lOOO-pound load The performance of this machine added to the prestige of the companys having hired a new deshySigner and resulted in an order from the British Adshymiralty for 24 Model T-2 airplanes its first sizable order

Wit h two pre v i 0 u s One of 15 Model SH-4 hydroplanes built by Thomas-Morse for the US Navy in about 1916 It moves from Hornell New York and Bath New York

was powered with a 149-hp Sturtevant engine

the brothers looked for a new locashy signed and built a 135-hp geared commissioned in the Royal Flying tion in which to expand Ithaca New engine with the help of designers Corps This brought a number of pishyYork at the southern end of Cayuga GeorgeAbel and Harold Bliss also two lots to the shores of Cayuga Lake as Lake was a natural choice with flat of the founders of this new division World War I gained intensity fields for takeoff and landing and a In 1915 two seaplanes designated The expansion and all of the activishy40-mile-long lake constituting an SH-4 and SH-5 were built for the ties had put considerable financial strain ideal seaplane or flying boat test area Navy and the D-5 tractor plane was on the Thomas companies A refinancshyThis coupled with the cold-weather developed for the Signal Corps Furshy ing was accomplished by merging the ability to fly from the ice resulted in ther development in 1916 resulted in airplane and engine division with the an ideal location production of the SH-4 seaplane and flying school then merging with the

Shortly after the move to Ithaca IS were built for the US Navy Morse Chain Co of Ithaca New York BD Thomas designed a new model With the prestige of not only an Thus the final name that is so wellshytheD-2 tractor biplane This was the airplane company but also a moshy known Thomas-Morse Aircraft Corp first use of the new Thomas entershy tor company and a flying school was born January 31 1917 in time to prise which was to build its own enshy The Thomas School of Aviation was build the famous World War I fighters gines This auxiliary company called picked by the Canadian government To be concluded in next months The Thomas Air Motor Co had de- for pilots who would train to become issue of Vintage Airplane

V I N T AGE AI RPLA NE 15

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There seems to be two distinctly different types of people in the world of little airplanes those who love and adore the Aeronca Chief and those who wouldnt know an Aeronca Chief if they found it floating in their coffee Its not a question of liking it or disliking it because its one of those airplanes that has such a low recognition factor that a relatively

small percentage of the pilot popushylation even knows it exists In some ways thats a good thing because it has helped keep the prices down for those who want a Chief of their own One of those is Danny Poulton of Belshyton South Carolina

The Poultons Chief is not your avshyerage Chief Were all used to seeing the 11AC (65 hp) or the 11CC (85 hp)

-the postwar Super Chief-but theirs is an lIBe Were not sure it ever carshyried a name but maybe we should call it the Not-Quite-Super-Chief It came out of the factory in 1947 with a C8S-8 which meant no provisions for a starter Not a normal one anyway It had a McDowell starter which was a combination of ratcheted sprockets and a lever that worked very much like the pull starter on a lawn mower with the cable going back to a hanshydle in the cockpit By the time Danny bought the airplane as a project in Michigan the starter had long since disappeared In fact everything fireshywall-forward had disappeared But were getting ahead of ourselves

Danny had owned a number of airplanes in the past and in fact had learned to fly while he was still in high school

We had aviation on my moms side of the family he says My unshycle was an airframe and powerplant mechanic (AampP) and a fUll -time corshyporate pilot and he encouraged me

He progressed through a number of airplanes most of them some varishyation of the Piper PA-28 line includshying an Arrow although a 63 C-l72 did follow him home one day

I met Donna and aviation beshycame part of our life he says In fact we were married in a 421 Cessna at five thousand feet over Anderson South Carolina

Danny didnt get into vintage airshyplanes until four years ago with the Chief It was a form of therapy because he was on a crusade to lose weight

I had let myself balloon up to 460 pounds and if I was going to live I had to lose the weight I had two sons Dale and JD and a wonderful wife and I didnt want to lose all of that just beshycause I was overweight So I started looking for an airplane to rebuild as a way to keep myself busy We live on an airpark and we had a great guy Gene Richburg living just down the runshyway from us He was 82 years old at the time and knew everything there was to know about rebuilding airplanes and he volunteered to help me

So Danny launched on two projshyects at the same time both of them

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 17

Danny Poulton holds open the top cowl to reveal the Continental C-SS installation It appears Danny has decided not to trust his Chief mechanical fuel gauges which are known to be troublesome and is using an old standby the wire and cork float gauge so common prior to World War II

In keeping with the restrained nature of Dannys customized Chief a few nice touches such as the upholstered side panels and polished control wheel caps brighten up the otherwise original-looking cabin Look closely and you can see the toe brake pedals on the pilots side of the cockpit Those pedals are seen only on the UBC UCC and lSAC Sedan

The tubular structure of the landing gear is covered with an aluminum fairshying leading to a nicely finished pair of replica fiberglass wheelpants The small cable attached to the trailing edge of the landing gear is a safety cable It was originally installed in case of a failshyure of the originally installed phenolic piston within the oleo strut Later after an airworthiness directive (47-20-02) and Aeronca Service Helps and Hints No 12 required changing the phenoshylic part to one made of aluminum the need for the cable was negated but most owners keep it just in case

monumental The first was to lose weight and the second to find a projshyect that fit his goals and skill levels

I didnt look long and actually found the Chief on eBay It belonged to an AampP in Michigan who had started to rebuild it and then decided to put it up for sale I hadnt done anything like this before so I was reshyally not sure of what I was doing but I hooked up my trailer and headed up to Michigan to buy the Chief That was in July of 2003

What he saw when he got to Michshyigan was enough to encourage him so he loaded it up and brought it back to South Carolina As is always the case however he wouldnt really know what he had until he did a thorshyough inventory back home

The large dorsal fin on the llBC Chief (also used on the UCC) makes identifishycation of the higher-horsepower Chiefs a bit easier

18 JUNE 2007

When we unloaded at home Gene came over and we spread the entire collecshytion of stuff out to see what was missing and what kind of work was going to be needed In general the airshyframe was actually in great shape because the AampP

had already started workshying on it and had finished the major compon ents The wings were more or less complete and fini shed

and the work was beautiful About all th ey needed were the leading edges and to be covered

The fuselag e tubing had been cleaned and painted and most of the fuselage wood was usable too Part of the airplanes condition is probshyably because it had only 400 hours on it and had spent most of its life stored inside somewhere We dont have much of the airplane s history but you could see by looking at the wood and steel that it hadnt been left outside to rot like so many Chiefs have been

When we were done inventorying it we found a lot of missing or unusshyable stuff that I hadn t noticed when picking it up It had no tail wheel or wing struts and the doors were not only the wrong doors but were badly crushed There were no control yokes and all of the logos were missing Same thing for all of the interior upshyholstery boards Plus there was esshysentially nothing firewall-forward I

Its still easy for most of those who h ave restored airplanes to rememshyber what it was like in the days beshyfore computers The dozens of trips to fly-markets the phone calls and the constant surveillance of Trade-ashyPlane were not only aggravating but added a huge amount of time to finshyishing the project Danny came into the Vintage world PC post computer so he was able to take full advantage of cyber searching for parts

Besides buying the airplane on eBay that service proved to be a tershyrific source for some of the rarer parts I needed Among other things thats

Whats in a Model Number By HG Frautschy

The differences between the llBC Chief and the llCC Super Chief are tough to spot but in todays sport pilot market one distinction can spell the

difference between flying one and just owning one

Both airplanes are powered by the Continental C85-8 and both came equipped with the rather clever McDowell starter The McDowell was vilified by

some as being a cheap substitute for an electrical starter but having had one

for years on my Super Chief Id have to say it s one of the neatest inventions

added to the postwar lightplane If treated with respect and used in the way the manufacturer intended it worked perfectly It did have one design weakness

that could have been easily solved but it didnt last long enough on the market to make it that far

The McDowell was activated using a cable with a ball swaged on the end

Because of the way the ball and cable were retained in the starters pulley

sheave the cable would fray and then break just below the ball or an overly

enthusiastic pull on the starter cable would pull the ball right off the end If Mcshy

Dowell had used a small fitting inside the sheeve to allow for a straight pull on

the cable (and if the cable had a ball and shank swaged fitting) Im convinced the McDowell would have been much more popular

It allowed for a lightweight starter to be installed on an airplane intended to be flown by casual travelers who were interested in ease of use and safety

It allowed my wife and her instructor both petite women to independently fly

the airplane without requiring a flip of the prop by someone else As long as

the engine was in good tune and one could reasonably expect the airplane to start when the impulse magneto fired the McDowell was a great way to pul l

the prop through safely

The 11BC and 11CC interiors were similar with a slight edge going to the

llCC for a few interior appointments added to enhance the automobile-like

feel to the cockpit Hap Granier the designer of the interior of all three postwar Aeroncas worked his magic on the Chiefs to give them a small sedan or coupe

feeling Bedford whipcord upholstery and side panels the zebrawood pattern wood-gra in-printed instrument panel and control wheels instead of control

sticks all contributed to that atmosphere

Both the 11CC and 11BC featured a large dorsal fin but the 11CC had a

different elevator stabilizer configuration That fact is sometimes lost on reshy

storers and aircraft modifiers who incorrectly (and illegally) put the earlier

11AC or llBC stab elevator combination on an llCC The 11CC has an aeroshy

dynamically balanced elevator designed to meet the hands-off gliding speed requirements of the then-new CAR 03 regulations Aeronca also had the llCC

certified in the Utility category as well as the Normal category with maximum gross weights of 1 290 and 1 350 pounds respectively That right there is a major difference in the airplanes as they are viewed in the market today The 11BC with a maximum gross weight of 1250 pounds is sport pilot eligible

while the llCC by virtue of its 1350 weight is not Interestingly a few llCC additions made it into the llBC as well Both

Chiefs as well as the four-place Aeronca Sedan shared the same rudder brake pedals with toe brakes instead of the heel brakes seen on the Champ Both feature flight characteristics similar to the Champ with the Chiefs having

the edge when it comes to cross-country flights With a 70-pound baggage alshylowance and up to 23 gallons of fuel on board the Chief is a great traveling machine if you re not in a hurry But when you re flying something as pretty as

a Chief whos in a big hurry

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 1 9

BONNIE KRATZ

He Danny Poultons Aeronca Chief features a custom color scheme that is reminiscent of the original decoration composed by Hap Granier for Aeroncas4012E side-by-side personal airplane

where I~gOt~t~h~e~iiiiiiiiiiibullbullbullbull con- trol yoke covers with the Aeronca logos the ashshytrays the bezels and the air box for the cabin heat I even found the pishytot tube and hand brake on eBay If I would have had to physically search for all of that stuff Id probably still be looking

Wag-Aero came to the rescue in supplying the struts and wing leadshying edges

III was able to use most of the origishynal boot cowl but the original noseshybowl was really bad and was cut for the McDowell starter so I used an STCd fiberglass replacement If I find a good original I may change that

11Th is airplane came out of the facshytory with toe brakes which were with the airplane and I stayed with the mechanical brakes and just installed new pads You dont really need

20 JUNE 2007

brakes on the airshyplane for anything so they work just fine

Danny was planning on flying the airplane a lot and added a venturi so he could run an artificial horizon and added air vent holes

When we were doing the inteshyrior there was no kit available for the headliner so a neighbor Phyllis Dalshyton sewed one up using the original material found on Chiefs That was really tedious Then I made the side panels and covered them with Airtex fabric and had to fabricate a new bagshygage door and make the boards for the seats

The panel had already been cleaned so the wood grain was gone but I decided not to try to put it on I did however make two metal glove

compartments for it The sliding windows were

original to the airplane but the polished prop isnt I just thought it looked betshyter polished

When the airframe was done and ready to be covered Danny went with Poly-Fiber and shot it with Aeroshythane but not in the original colshyors or scheme

IIAirtex had some sample seat covers for the airplane that were inexpensive so I bought them and had the paint mixed to go with the seat covers Also the paint stripes arent original They

mimic the factory scheme but arent exact I should also mention that I had some help with the fabric from Larry and Phyllis Dalton who helped cover the airplane This was my first time and they made it easy

Since Danny had no engine he was starting from scratch in that area The original was a C8S-8 but with his papaerwork he found a Supplemental Type Certificate (STC) that opened interesting new avenues

There was part of an STC in our paperwork that would let me install a -12 engine and that would allow me to have an electric starter which I reshyally wanted The problem was that the STC wasnt complete Plus the -8 mount is

than the shy12 so its not

a plug-andshyplay

change and I

expected some problems

getting the papershywork straightened out

I called the Atshylanta Flight Stanshydards District Office and really

lucked out The Coshylumbia Federal Aviashy

tion Agency (FAA) field examiner came out looked the airplane over and said hed be happy to clean up the paperwork and submit it to Atlanta for me What I thought was going to be a problem turned out to be quite easy

Unfortunately Danny found out that things dont always go easy when restoring an airplane and his headaches came in the form of his first engine

I had two sons

Dale and lD

and a wonderful

wife and 1 didnt

want to lose all of

that just because

1 was overweight

So 1 started

looking for an

airplane to rebuild

as a way to keep

myself busy

I bought a C8S-12 that had been overhauled I had flown it for about 22 hours when one cylinder lost a lot of compression so we pulled the jug When we got inside we found that the rod was just banging around in there and was loose on the crank When we split the case we found the crank was badly scored and a lot of metal had gone through the engine so I had to find another one

The second engine was freshly overhauled by an FAA-certified shop

in 2000 after a prop strike The guy I bought it from was building a homebuilt and

was afraid that the engine was going to sit too long before his

project was completed so he sold it Everything checked out to be perfect and it has been humming along with no problems since day one

We flew the airplane for the first time July I 2006 and I had a local pilot Gary Dalton do the test hop I dont mind telling you that I was nershyvous watching it When I flew it for the first time I had only 10 hours of tailshywheel time Id logged while getting my tail wheel endorsement I was a little nervous then too but everything went beautifully When we flew it it was alshymost exactly three years to the day that we unloaded it from the trailer

When I started I guess I became a little compulsive about working on it Id eat in the hangar work until 10 or 11 every night and sometimes Id wake up in the middle of the night and go out and work on it When Id get home from church on Sunday Id change clothes and go out and get something done Im glad I did it that way because it really helped me with the other problem

In the process of restoring his Chief Danny met several goals The first was finishing and flying his own Chief but the second and more imshyportant was taking control of his life From the time he started the Chief to the time he flew it he lost 230 pounds and added no telling how many years to his life Most people have difficulty committing to just finishing an airshyplane so Danny is to be congratushylated for two jobs well done ~

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 21

~The Bmiddot thof

Creating a classic design BY CHESTER L PEEK PHD

Could you in three months time design and build a new light plane without tools or factory and with very little money Impossible you say But that is just what eG Tayshylor did in the spring of 1936 when he introduced the legendary Taylorshycraft to the aviation world Heres the story

In the last week of December 1935 eG Taylor was confined to his bed ill and completely discourshy

aged Days before he and Bill Piper Hangar at Butler Pennsylvania 1936 Still in use today had signed a legal document that dissolved their troubled partnership For Taylors share of the Taylor Cub company (which was in debt more than $90000) he received approximately $5000 to be paid out in small installments over three years

Byron Shinn knew Taylor well both as a customer and friend In a 1991 letter he describes Taylors situashytion and subsequent events

Back in the 1930s we had a small manufacturing comshypany located in one of the hangars on the Butler Pennsylvashynia airport called The Shinn Devices Company We made aluminum wheels for aircraft 4 bead diameter 700X4 tire and at that time sold them to most of the light aircraft manshyufacturers including the Taylor and Piper organization in Bradford Pennsylvania We had a quite complete machine shop and engineering design business I remember how Taylorcraft got started One very cold winter day probably in December 1935 I drove up to see Taylor in Bradford The roads were terrible ice coated and I almost had several acshycidents When I got there I found Taylor sick in bed and in a very discouraged frame of mind He had just been kicked out of his company by Piper and had little or no money or employment I told him with his abilities as an aircraft deshysigner and builder that he should certainly try to get back in the business and offered to help if I could

I went back to Butler and contacted D Bar Peat who was a promoter a very nice fellow who was running the Butler

Ken SchoHer about 1980 airport I asked if he could raise some money to start Tayshy22 JUNE 2007

TAYLORCRAFT BY C 6 TAYLOR PlmBUR6H-BUTLER AIRPORT BunER PA

STABLE FAST A NEW LIGHT PLANE ECONOMICAL LOWPRICED

First Taylorcraft ad February 1936 Aero Digest

First Taylorcraft specifications Photo is of a model

during the

Depression

you NEVER

left a job

Yet these men

deeply loyal

to Taylor

came with him

to this chancy

new venture Byron Shinn about 1936

TAYLORCRAFT Model A

ATe pendingB_ Span 36 (11 m) Length 22 (67 m) Heicht 6 8 (21 m) Wm area 169 fLgt (156 ml) Power Ioodiaa 2IS IbsJhp (118 kcJho) WioJ Ioadma 58 1bbullJIt (293 kcl) Weicht empty 570 Ibs (259 kg) U falload 420 Ibs (190 kc) Payload 181 lbo (82 kcl Gr weiht m lbo (449kcr Bant I Ibs (5 kg) Fuel 10 gals

~L~~L11t1iLk hp

~~~gtam~~hm~~49 kph) l~ mph (51h ) Semlte laquoiliaC 101000 ft (4260 m) imb per min 400 It (122 tn) Cruig rang 210 mi (371 1aD) ~ F welded eel tubg four JODIeIODS of proareqjve diameters wood faired and fabric conrcd removable maine mouat j streued fot SO hp installamiddot tion Wg two paDdJ bolted to fuselafefabric _ ~ oectioo With eJlipticalJy rOUDded tips JOlid apruce JPlrs

Zplace ATC

metal ribs fabricated from drawn NicraJ secshytions sinclc drag wire bracinc built-up metal frame ailerons fabric COYered and of the balanced type with DO exposed horns

=r~~brTc ~~ai~~~wd~ removable fin elentor and stabiliurs inshyterlthanaeable right or IefL Landing rear =evbsor~ closed~~~es color ocJlulosc finish with trim Two-place flex-wine seat 39 inches ide--by-lide cabin fabric lined and fire-wall sound proofed all control cables and fittinp in the cabin are fully enclosed Baggag compartment 6- X 9- X w- back of seaL

~~6oo-~~bS~ wbeds DuPont Pluticell 1rindJhield rulr her mounted illltrument pampDe1 ~ Aeromarinc altimeter U S 011

~~itfra~~ pass or other instnunmts extra

Carlson and Harold White who were engineers Ken Tibbits and Les Salshychow Parks College graduates along with mechanics Colby Carpenter and William Crawford All these men had good secure jobs with Piper and durshying the Depression you NEVER left a job Yet these men deeply loyal to Taylor came with him to this chancy new venture All would eventually rise to responsible executive posishytions with Taylorcraft

Ken Scholter a local mechanic was hired as a welder Contemposhyrary reports credit him with most of the welding on the new plane Forshytunately he was also an amateur photographer and documented the building process on film He furshynished most of the photos shown in this article

Shinn resumes I When Taylor came to Butler he had very little money we all had very little money at that time I believe he got a small settlement from Piper for his share of the Cub company This was in the depths of the Depresshysion We doled the money out a few dolshylars at a time and started to build the first plane We used our machine shop to make the draw bench to make the rib parts and to make most of the parts jigs and dies that required machining

An engineering department was set up I hired a draftsman when Ray Carlshyson moved down from Bradford Tayshylor and the mechanics would make the parts and then the draftsman would

lor up again in the airplane business He along with Col make the drawings We designed a new wheel for the plane Breckenridge and some others did raise a little money about lightweight and very strong being constructed of an alumishy$1000 as I recall enough to include the building of the jigs num stamping fastened to a cast aluminum end rim Tayshyand fixtures and the first plane We moved Taylor and his lor and I also developed the new tapered axle which was family to Butler rented him a house and started work in a lighter and less costly A new Goodrich tire size 600 x 6 vacant hangar on the Butler airport SeveraL of Taylors men was used from Bradford came with him II The plane was designed and built during the first four

Actually six key Bradford employees left Piper and to five months of 1936 This must have been some sort of joined Taylor in the new enterprise They were Ray record When the plane was finished the test pilot Tibbits

VINTA GE A IR PLANE 23

One day we came to work

to find trucks backed up

to the hangar and Taylor

hauling away all the

Taylorcraft parts Batch of Shinn 800 x 4 wheelsjigs and fixtures

started the test flights First he taxied the plane up and down the runway then flew it the length of the runway just off the ground then made flights a bit higher and finally made circuits The plane flew very well but would not stall The CAA required proper recovery from a stall so Taylor worked on the horizontal tail surfaces so that a stall could be induced and the plane passed the CAA tests

Taylor was a design genius The CAA had just released a new-design wing curve and Taylor was the first I

ffi believe to use it The wing curve was ~ ~ faster and had a soft stall ~ This was the NACA 23012 airfoil z ~ Taylor once told the author that in

Fuselage structure 1935 he built a set of wings for the Cub using that airfoil but Piper veshytoed the change They were hanging on a wall when the Bradford factory burned in 1937

Shinn says I started an advertising campaign beginning with a very small ad in Aero Digest saying IISomething new is coming in Aviation The next ads told a little more People were very enthusiastic about the new plane It was much advanced over the Cub beshying faster with side-by-side seating and wheel controls Before long we had reshyceived down payments from over 50 customers $200 each as I recall This

ffi was due to correspondence with old ~ ~ Taylor Cub dealers and the Aero Dishy~ z gest ad In a 1992 interview Bob UJ

Taylor eGs son confirmed thisWing details He remembered his father waking

24 JUNE 2007

First A-40 run-up May 1936

him up one night in Butler and showing him $10000 in down payments

The first ad appeared in the February issue of Aero Digest and is shown on this page A later ad showed a photo of the plane but since no plane had been comshypleted at that time it was actually a snapshot of a model CG Taylor built on his kitchen table First the new trademark Taylorcraft was used but when Beechcraft threatened legal action claiming Taylorcraft sounded too much like Beechcraft the ads were changed to read Airplanes by GG Taylor However they resumed us-

CG Taylor and a Model ATaylorcraft 1936

ing the Taylorcraft name after sevshyeral months

Shinn continues D Bar Peat was always trying to promote the plane On Sundays they would put on an air show at the Butler airport and 200 to 300 people would atshytend Som e way he got the Taylorshycraft to lead the way when all the planes taxied by the grandstand at the Cleveland Air Races

Meanwhile in the hangar facshytory the prototype plane was beshying rushed to completion but not fast enough to suit Taylor He

once told the author I was away ~ from the plant for three days havshyo ~ ing given instructions to complete sect the engine mount When I returned

it was not done I hung the engine in the right place with a chain hoist we

cut the tubing to (it and it was done in an hour On May 1 the Continental A-40 engine SIN 635

was run up for the first time then on May 8 Taylor signed an application for an experimental certificate Only eight days later on Saturday May 16 CAA inshyspector RA Young witnessed the test flight and issued certificate X-16393 to the first Taylorcraft SIN 25 Apshyproximately three months had elapsed from the time construction was started until the new plane was airshyborne A remarkable achievement

It was a beautiful plane sleek and streamlined a far VINTAGE AIRPLANE 25

Test flight of the first Taylorcraft May 1936

1 rryen~~A1~~~ )~ ~- shyITS A - -=- (=- = --- I FAF

BEAUTY 51495middot00-----shy~GRACEFULLY CONTINENTAL

STREAMLINED - - _ MOTOR

C G TAYL O R bull PlttsburqhmiddotBuUer Airport bull Bu tler Penna

April 1936 ad in Aero Digest

cry from Taylors boxy square-cornered E-2 Cub With side-by-side seating and wheel controls it rivaled much larger more expensive planes such as the Waco and Stinson Weight had been kept to a minimum the proshytotype weighed only 570 pounds It was much faster than the Cub The first prospective customers who flew the plane verified the advertised cruising speed of 80 mph In a race with two locals an Aeronca C-3 and a Kinner Fleet the Taylorcraft won easily

The investors at Butler were elated With nearly 100 orders and down payments received for their new plane they envisioned a rapid production buildup and the prospects of a thriving profitable enterprise Their faith however had been misplaced

Shinn continues But unknown to D Bar Peat and me Taylor had been talking to others about financing and a place to manufacture the plane One day we came to work to find trucks backed up to the hangar and Taylor haulshying away all the Taylorcraft parts jigs and fixtures They moved to Alliance Ohio where they got one years free rent on a large old airplane factory financing and tax breaks D Bar Peat and I retained a lawyer to try to get back our inshyvestment eventually getting back some shares ofTaylorcraft 26 JUNE 2007

stock instead of money And Piper quit buying my wheels and switched to Hayes

Happily Taylor and Shinn soon put their legal difshyferences behind them and remained good friends and business associates for many years

Shinn was not alone in his disappointment when the unexpected move came Scholter was out of a job In 1992 he made this comment They left Butler owing me almost a months pay which I never got But they did give me a very nice letter of recommendation

The Alliance Review newspaper proudly announced the arrival of the new aircraft enterprise in its July 9 1936 edition But that is a story for another day

Authors note When researching my book The Taylorcraft Story in

1992 I was privileged to personally interview four prishymary information sources regarding the Butler Pennshysylvania events eG Taylor Bob Taylor Ken Scholter and Byron Shinn The history above was taken from those interviews and contemporary newspaper articles

_ 55 ~a-~~~ition

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LIN COL N MERCURY

EXTRA The Butler Manufacturing Co NL-I3 biplane

The March 2007 Mystery Plane is the 1932 Butler Manufacturing Co NL-13 biplane designed by Albin Kasper Longren (sometimes simply reshyferred to as the Longren NL-13)

AK Longren had a very long and interesting aviation career Born in a log cabin near Clay Center Kansas in 1882 he was the one of 14 children born to Swedish immigrant homeshystead farmers Charles and Emma Lonshygren In 1901 he took a business course from the International Corresponshydence School (ICS) which he followed up with an ICS diploma in mechanical engineering from 1907-1911

Longrens interest in aviation beshygan with his observations of Henry L Call in 1908 Call originally a New York lawyer author and socialist had moved to Girard Kansas in February of 1908 in order to construct a large and ungainly flying machine powered by two 20-hp Curtiss B-4 engines Known as the Mayfly and The Chicken (among other colorful names) the airshycraft failed to fly despite modification Call enjoyed the support of the nashytional socialist newspaper An Appeal to Reason and constructed several aircraft under the aegis of The Aerial Navigashytion Company of America starting in 1908 before the company changed its name

Beginning in 1911 Call manushyfactured two-cylinder and fourshycylinder horizontally opposed air-cooled engines which h e marshyketed to would-be aviators through

28 JUNE 2007

BY WESLEY SMITH

advertisements (primarily in Aircraft and Fly magazines published by Alshyfred W Lawson of 1920 Lawson Airshyliner fame) The two-cylinder Call was rated at 45 hp and the four-cylshyinder engine was rated at 90 hp Call engines were among the first aircraft engine to be fitted with mufflers an individual muffler being attached to the exhaust port of each cylinder

With his brother EJ Longren and a mechanic named William Janeke Longren constructed a Curtiss-type pusher biplane in Topeka Kansas Beshygun in the summer of 1910 the Toshypeka I was not completed until the fall of 1911 Fitted with a 60-hp Hall-Scott A-2 a water-cooled V-8 the Topeka I became the first successful aircraft to be completed in the state of Kansas Longren made his first flight on Sepshytember 2 and on September 5 1911 he made two flights the first flight reaching about 225 feet in altitude and covering 15 miles and the secshyond reaching about 300 feet and covshyering six miles

Of course Longren was only one of numerous individuals who built Curtiss-type pushers Plans for early Herring-Curtiss machines were pubshylished in Aeronautics and other aviashytion periodicals as well as in books With some individual alterations many such aircraft were built in the United States prior to Americas entry into World War 1

At any rate Longren soon went into the exhibition business with

H Young renaming the Topeka I as the Dixie Flyer The words Dixie Flyer - AK Longren - Aviator were painted on the underside of the Topeka IDishyxie Flyers monoplane canard Between 1911 and 1914 Longren gave 1372 exhibition flights in Kansas Texas Oklahoma Nebraska and Colorado for the Young Aviation Co

In 1912 Longren built a second Curshytiss-type with a Hall-Scott A-2 This airshycraft incorporated the improvements Curtiss had made to his newer aircraft during 1911-1912 and in due course the mid-gap ailerons were moved to the trailing edges of the upper wing This aircraft was sold to Longrens forshymer student and friend Phil Billard who used it to give exhibition flights This aircraft sometimes known as the Topeka II was presented to the Kansas State Historical Society in 1938 where it still exists as a display

In the spring of 1914 Longren took time to marry Ms Dolly Trent Later that winter (1914-1915) Longren built his first entirely original aircraft design - a two-place tractor biplane again seshylecting the reliable Hall-Scott as the powerplant During an exhibition at the Dickson County Fair at Abilene on September 9 1915 the aircraft stalled on takeoff and was destroyed hitting an automobile that was leaving the fairshygrounds Longrens passenger was relashytively unscathed but Longren suffered a broken leg and several internal injuries

While recovering from his injushyries in early 1916 Longren with Phil

Billard began the construction of his fourth aircraft the Model G The Model G was a clean two-place tractor biplane with a strong resemblance to a Curtiss IN-4 In fact it was powered by a Curtiss OX-2 and was intended for sale to the warring European powers However only two were sold one to the Kansas National Guard the other being used for exhibition flights

Late in the year Longren built a small tractor biplane sometimes reshyferred to as the Longren Bus The conshystruction featured a three-ply wooden monocoque fuselage and was built for William Burt of Okmulgee Oklahoma A second machine was constructed for Lester Miller of Dallas Texas who inshytended to use the aircraft for aerobatic exhibitions By late 1917 Longren had moved on to another two-place design known as the Model H As in the case of the earlier Longren Bus the Model H used a wooden monocoque fuselage The Model H was powered by a Curshytiss 90-hp OX-5 engine unfortunately while on his way to Kansas City Misshysouri Longren suffered an engine failshyure near Wakarusa Kansas The aircraft was destroyed in a crash which proved fatal to a cow standing in the field in which Longren was forced down He was made to pay $10000 in restitution to the angry farmer After that interest in the Model H faded away

Late in 1917 Longren became involved with Frederick W Buck MD ME and applied for a posishytion as chief engineer with the Buck Aircraft and Munitions Co of Denshyver To what extent Longren became involved with Dr Buck is unknown Buck (a long with Elmer Sperry and later Charles F Kettering at DaytonshyWright) had plans to develop and sell an aerial torpedo - essentially a small 50-hp biplane cruise misshysile which was intended to fly on a preprogrammed course then shed its wings at the proper time and place depositing a bomb contained within the crude fuselage framework

Longrens career took another path after his debacle with the Model H After failing to establish a new airshycraft company in Overland Park Kansas Longren eventually took a

position at McCook Field as an airshycraft inspector The Great War had cost Longrens friend Phil Billard his life when he was killed in a flying accident while serving in Issoudun France Longrens position at McshyCook had allowed him the opportushynity to examine every domestic and foreign-built aircraft tested there unshytil the time of his departure in 1919 On June 17 1919 Longren formed the Longren Aircraft Corp in Topeka Kansas using a former woolen mill in the Oakland suburb as the site for the new corporation The first aircraft to come out of the plant was the rebuilt Model H now resurrected as the H-2 It is unclear as to how the H-2 differed from the earlier Model H but by midshy1920 Longren had gone in yet another direction with the construction of the two-place Model D-2 - a small aircraft powered by a three-cylinder Y conshyfiguration Lawrence Model B engine of 35-60 hp Within a year the D-2 had evolved to become the Longren Model AK Sport

Described in the pages of Aviashy

tion and Aerial Age Weekly (Volume 11 Number 12 Sept 291921 pages 336-337 and Volume 14 Numshyber 3 Sept 26 1921 pages 55-56 respectively) the two-place Longren Sport or Fibre Sport was a sensational design that incorporated the three-ply laminated wooden monocoque fuseshylage of the 1916 Longren Bus and the 1917 Model H and a set of folding biplane wings to facilitate storage It is unclear as to how the fuselage of the Sport may have differed from earshylier Longren monocoque construcshytion techniques if at all

However a 1925 Longren patent describes the use of diamond-shaped wood fibre shell (procured from the National Fibre Co) being covered with an additional two layers of wood laminations on either side The fushyselage was made in upper and lower halves using steam-pipe-heated conshycrete male and female molds clamped together using 6000 pounds of presshysure The sections were then trimmed and dried with special provision for humidity control before being joined

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 29

to a framework of grooved ash longeshyrons and formers The fuselage formshyers were made of three-ply materials engine-bearing formers were made of a seven-ply material The formers were in turn attached to the fuseshylage shells with screws Finally the fushyselage was varnished inside and out with Valspar varnish the exterior reshyceiving a coat of pigmented varnish before a final clear coat

Sold with both Lawrence Model Lshy2 three-cylinder Y-style and Anzani sixshycylinder radial engines the Longren Fibre Sport was flown in several notashyble Midwestern aviation events during the early 1920s During the American Legion Air Meet at Kansas City (Octoshyber 31 - November 3 1921) the Sport made 38 consecutive loops while being flown by ND Trinler Two Sports were also flown during a special efficiency race held at Omaha Nebraska on Noshyvember 11 An AK Sport again flown by Trinler placed second with a speed of 7791 mph when flown over a 153shymile triangular course Later that Noshyvember two AK Sports were placed at the disposal of the Kansas City Star to deliver newspapers from Kansas City to Lawrence Kansas in record time During a game between the Missouri Tigers and the Kansasjayhawks a teleshygraph wired a play-by-play account of the football game to the Stars office The newspapers were then promptly set printed and delivered via aircraft to the Lawrence street vendors beshyfore departing fans were even able to reach their homes

After establishing a climb record for Longren aircraft in 1922 the Longren Sport attracted the attention of customshyers from as far away as China and the Soviet Union In 1923 the US Navy became interested and on February 19 1924 Lt jB Kneip flew the accepshytance tests for the first of three Lonshygren AK Sports that were sold to the Navy (serial numbered A6745 through A6747) The first machine was shipped to Washington DC for testing at the Anacostia Naval Air Station while the other two were delivered to Pensacola However documentation of their subshysequent testing and use by the Navy remains elusive

30 JUNE 2007

Photos of Longren Sports and the later NL-13 show the distinctive Lonshygren company logo painted on the side of the fuselage and perhaps a few words need to be said about it This consisted of four capital ilLs joined at the top of each letter This formed a crux gammata or swastika although the direction the letters pointed was counter-clockshywise as opposed the symbols use on aircraft flown by Nazi Germany in which the bottom of the ilLs point in a clockwise direction Prior to its adoption by the Nazi Party this ancient symbol was seen as far afield at the Southwestshyern United States where it was a sacred symbol of Native Americans and in Inshydia and in Runic Europe During The Great War the Indian head emblem of Seaplane Pilots Association (SPA) 124 included a crux gammata as part of the headdress worn by the Native Amerishycan chief tan In its time and place it was considered as a symbol of good forshytune and was in no way considered to be an insult In fact after World War I Finland adopted a grayish-blue crux

gammata inscribed within a white circle as the national insignia for its aircraft In Longrens case the ilL was inscribed with a second ilL and the rest of the letters in Longrens surname In addishytion to that a circular logo and was placed at the center of the emblem to which a set of wings and a propeller reached out to a point near the tips of the ilLs So as it turns out the Lonshygren swastika was covered by what might roughly be considered a crux

immissa or crucifix Longren had no connections to fascist idealism The company logo which originated in the Midwest in the early 20s was simply a clever play on the primary letter in Longrens surname

No matter how good an aircraft the Longren Sport was the company could not survive on such limited orders and the last aircraft was sold in May of 1924 The remaining company assets patents and facilities were sold at an auction in March 1926 The Longren Sport was resurrected briefly in 1928 when the American Eagle Aircraft Corporation of Kansas City Missouri built a solitary aircraft as the Model A-429 However the aircraft was much different than the

original Longren Sport and the design was not pursued further Following the collapse of his company Longren was hired by Willis Brown to become viceshypresident of production at the Spartan Aircraft Co in Tulsa When Brown left in 1929 Longren also moved on to beshycome a design consultant at the Butshyler Manufacturing Co at Kansas City Butler had planned to manufacture the Butler Blackhawk biplane However the company was unable to do this and all manufacturing was halted in 1931 At this pOint Longren made a deal to build a new airplane -- the NL-13

Registered as X12538 and sporting the distinctive Longren fuselage logo the NL-13 (NL possibly standing for New Longren) fuselage was built usshying a new machine-forming method for heat-treated duralumin sheets The upper and lower fuselage halves of the 1932 NL-13 biplane were joined to T-shaped longerons and riveted toshygether Fuselage formers also made of liT cross-section were riveted to the halves creating a very strong duralushymin semi-monocoque fuselage Like the earlier Longren AK the NL-13 had twin side-by-side seating The powerplant of the aircraft was a Martin 333 of 120 hp With the exception of the wing spars the NL-13 was of all-metal construction the wings being fabric covered

The aircraft was first tested by George Gay in August of 1932 At that time Gay worked for the aeronautics branch of the Civil Aeronautics Administrashytion (CAA) The aircraft was found to be slightly tail-heavy This was cured by a slight stabilizer adjustment The engine also suffered from a slight overshyheating problem This was corrected by enlarging the cooling louvers and subshystituting the original propeller with anshyother type

The NL-13 had a span of 28 feet and a length of 22 feet Apparently the goal of the NL-13 was to obtain a military contract After further testing at Roosshyevelt Field Long Island New York the fuselage of the NL-13 was sold to the United States Army Air Corps and underwent stress evaluation at Wright Field Dayton OhiO in june 1933 After slight modification to some of the stiff-

continued on page 37

Flying to me is all about having fun Its grass strips and old

friends and old airplanes The folks at AUA understand my kind

of flying and my kind of airplanes They provide great service

at very good rates and they know me as an individual not just

a policy number

- Darrell Jenkins

Dan-ell Jenkins Heber Springs AR

bull Private pilot single-engine land and sea

bull 500 hours total shy300 in taildraggers

bull Current aircraft 1948 Ercoupe 415-E

AUA is Vintage Aircraft Association approved To become a member of VAA call 800middot843middot3612

AUAs Exclusive fAA Vintage AircraftJUsociation Insurance Program

Lower liability and hull premiums - Medical payments induded - Fleet discounts for multiple aircraft carrying all risk coverages

continued from page 3

EAA Seeks to Preserve Access to Repair Station Services

EAA cautions that proposed aircraft repair station certification regulations could harm many small general aviashytion shops and adversely affect airshycraft owners seeking to maintain the airworthiness of their aircraft

The FAA estimates the cost for deshyveloping and implementing a new quality system called for by the proshyposed regulations at $34500 per reshypair station Many small operations cannot afford such an expense and it could force some to close their doors

We fear that these requirements would ultimately result in diminshyished availability of qualified and experienced maintenance expertise especially for the vintage fleet said Earl Lawrence EAA vice president of industry and regulatory affairs Airshycraft owners could be forced to use maintenance facilities with less speshycialized experience on their aircraft type making it more difficult to comshyplete major repairs and changes to small aircraft potentially impacting safety as well

EAA also questions the feasibility of requiring repair stations to mainshytain an approved capability list for each make series and model of airshycraft its permitted to work on Many small operators often inspect and maintain virtually hundreds of airshycraft types creating an administrashytive nightmare

EAA is willing to discuss how the FAA could best address its quality concerns while ensuring the ownshyers of small aircraft continue to have ready access to repair station services One suggestion EAA proposed is to exempt or lessen requirements for smaller shops with fewer than a given number of employees

EAAs full comments can be found at wwwEAAorgcommunications eaanewsRepa ir_Station_NPRM_Draftpdf The notice of proposed rulemaking is at httpDMSESDOTgovdocimages pdf99431749_webpdf 32 JUNE 2007

Young Eagle 13 Million Hails From New Mexico

Arlene Martinez in the right seat with volunteer Young Eagles pilot Paul Rachels

The EAA Young Eagles program the worlds most successful youth aviation initiative ever has registered the 13-millionth Young Eagle flown She is Arlene Martinez age 12 of Yuma Arizona who took her flight on March 17 at Somerton Airport (54AZ) in a Cessna 170 piloted by Paul Rachels EAA 633950 Rachels is president and Young Eagles coordinator for Yuma EAA Chapter 590

Arlene was very enthusiastic said Rachels who has flown 123 Young Eagles She definitely enjoyed the flight and would like to do it again He always gets a kick out of how kids react to their special flights Its as incredible an experience

for me as it is for them and I have 700 hours of flight time Steve Buss EAA Young Eagles executive director called it another important

milestone for the program which this year marks its 15th anniversary year-the birthday will be marked at AirVenture this year Its wonderful to recognize Paul and Arlenes flight but we also applaud the outstanding continuing support and enthusiasm for Young Eagles by our members We extend our congratulations to all who have helped the program reach this unprecedented level of participation

Nominations Due June 15 for EAA Young Eagles Awards Each year EAA honors several special volunteers at EAA AirVenture with the

annual Young Eagles awards and theres still time to nominate a deserving pershyson for 2007

Nominations for the following awards are being accepted through June 15

bull Chapter Coordinator bull Field Representative bull Ground Support Volunteer bull Young Eagles Humanitarian (presented for efforts to reach special needs

Young Eagles) bull Young Eagles Horizon Award (recognizing efforts to go beyond the basic

Young Eagles flight) Awards will be presented at a special ceremony held at EAA AirVenture Museshy

ums Eagle Hangar on Wednesday July 25 To download the official nomination form visit wwwYoungEaglesorgvolunteersaward_nominationpdf

BY BUCK HILBERT

The very beginning of airworthiness certificates pilot certificates

For many years Ive talked and writshy barnstormers and promote some ten about the beginnings of the Aero order and safety to their flying It had Club of America (ACA) now known one other side effect No record atshyas the National Aeronautic Associashy tempt or air show (or air meet as they tion (NAA) Ive explained how this were called back then) could be staged pioneer era appointed Orville Wright without the approval of the Aero as the chairman of the Contest amp Reshy Club which was affiliated with the cords Board and how a pilot registrashy international governing body the Feshytion program came into being deration Aeronautique Internationale

The World War I pilots returning (FAI) The contestant was required to home were barnstorming and othershy be a member of the Aero Club which wise doing their best to make a living then issued a certification to the pishyin aviation That led to attempts to lot Hence the FAlSporting License register and somehow civilize these old-timers would show was signed by

Certifying Aircraft and Pilots

AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATE IauecI to VIlICElll ASTOR Arw 23 W 26th Sl BYCit shy

m~ts CnltiUs that the Aircraft described below has been Inspected and found AiruIo~ for daylight llyin on AJIlI 0VEIl WUER OKLY

For the Fl)1nA Season of 1922 ~- ~-=l1=~== Cmlampato NJiI~_ _ -- UND ElV1UTEIS~OIlIS Iae

o o-_pmiIyenr3~J__I922 III _ - ~ t

_ _ Mri N=A1fefJ~mATE WAmR AmClWr _ _______ 1 - PQRIlrASRDWTCJN l T bull Y

N_- 01 AlOft to 5 M- 1-1 AJkwL c 9on MuwLOEBDIG AERO ElIGR C~IIoTNo 23-t SodoIH9~iF--__ 0- 30 pr 3 I~ _ 42 PT 6 U __ n 8 Pr _ 2700 4100 II UMIwI 1400 shy_ 130 M _Cd 20000 hlln_H_ 2S_ _ T LIBRRrY I I OBE __ US 32230 __ Do 5 000 - JfAJlJODS JULY 7 1922

Orville Wright It was a requirement of the federal government No federal requirement for a pilots certificate would come into being until the Air Commerce Act gave that authority and responsibility to the Department of Commerce on May 20 1926

In all of the information Ive read on the early days of the ACA later the NAA there was never any menshytion of aircraft standards or airworshythiness certificates I never quesshytioned it and as a matter of fact I never gave it a thought

Then along comes friend and Vinshytage member Mitch Wohl from Barrington Illinois and he drops two books on my desk The first one I picked up was titled A Symbol of Safety This book was first published in 1923 and tells all about the foundshying of the Underwriters Laboratories (UL) Reprinted in 1995 it goes into great detail as to the history of UL I found it very interesting

The second book published on the 100th anniversary of Underwritshyers Laboratories in 1994 amplifies a bit of the material that was pub-

This airworthiness certificate was issued by an Underwriters Laborashytories inspector Maj J W Jones who deemed the Loening Air Yacht of Vincent Astor to be in airworthy condishytion It is restricted to dayligbt flying and over water only Heres a photo of its sister ship from the 1922 Airshycraft Yearbook

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 3 3

Loening monoplane Flying Yacht 100 hp Liberty engine which made a world record for aHitude with three passengers and pilot 19500 feet

lished in the 1923 book Its entire theme is Making the World Safe for Technology What a revelation both regarding the organization s history in general and its involveshyment in aviation

The real beginnings were at the 1893 Worlds Fair at the Great White City in Chicago The Electricity Building had frequent visits by the fire brigade in response to the new alshyternating current electricity displays catching fire and causing problems It was then that William Henry Merrill began his testing lab which proved

electricity could be a servant rather than a master

Our only function is to serve not to profit We are doing someshything for manufacturers buyers and property owners everywhere We are doing things for humanity was a direct quote from Merrill This was the beginning of the lab The lab was funded by corporations that wanted their products tested as well as by the insurance underwriters themselves

From 1893 through 1905 the budshyget expanded from a mere $3000 to more than $300000 During that

The book goes into

great detail

as to physical

standards for

airmen There were

all sorts of tests

for altitude tolerance

fatigue and eyesight

and their standards

specify annual physicals

rAiLW~eeL5

srlINSON 15 JOCII~Y

34 JUNE 2007

time more than 7500 reports were published the lab moved to larger quarters it was chartered in Illinois and the landmark inspection and label service was established Within two years UL inspectors were at work in 67 citshyies UL got into everything electrical fire prevention fire extinguishers automobiles oil and gasses and transportashytion as well Thats where we come in airplanes

When the first commercial airplane takes off here in the USA in the 20s UL registers airplanes certifies pilots and issues the now rather quaint-sounding Rules of the Air

Im getting ahead of the full story but in a nutshell the National Aircraft Underwriters Association proposed and requested UL become the custodian of the official register of all aircraft pilots (other than government pilots) and take full charge of all details connected therewith

UL undertook this branch of the work on July I 1921 The book goes into great detail as to physical stanshy

dards for airmen There were all sorts of tests for altitude tolerance fatigue and eyesight and their standards specify annual physicals

No wonder the early birds were considered supermen The next step was to create a register of commercial and private aircraft On May I 1922 UL began a nationwide inspection service in order to make it possible to issue cershytificates of airworthiness for individual aircraft The details of the inspections and the people employed to conduct them is an early Whos Who in aviation The inspections were very stringent and as demanding for the aircraft as they were for the pilots

And that dear friends is the story of the first airworshythiness certificates They were all issued long before the Department of Commerce became involved and of course long before the creation of the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) and the Federal Aviation Administration

Little by little the freedoms of flight have been whittled down and the myriad of Federal Aviation Regulations we live with came about but here fellow pilots and aircraft owners was the very beginning and it was the insurance people who started it all I(

Over to you (( ~((~

~ Call to order your copies today

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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 35

BY HG FRAUTSCHY

THIS MONTHS MYSTERY PLANE PHOTO IS A BIT OF A MULLIGAN FOR THOSE OF YOU

WHO HAVE ENJOYED L1GHTPLANES FOR A NUMBER OF YEARS STILL NOT MUCH IS PUBLISHED ABOUT THIS RATHER ATTRACTIVE AMPHIBIAN

Send your answer to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box You can also send your response via e-mail Send 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Your answer needs your answer to mysteryplaneeaaorg Be sure to include to be in no later than July 15 for inclusion in the your name city and state in the body of your note and September 2007 issue of Vintage Airplane put I(Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line

MARCH S MYSTERY ANSWER

36 J UN E 2007

nology olph Dope

Heres a little about the March Mystery Plane

The subject Mystery Plane apshypears to be the Longren NL-13 sin 2 X12538 built in 1932 by Albin K Longren (1882-1950) in Kansas City Missouri Longren had been a design consultant for Butler Manushyfacturing Co during the certificashytion of the Butler Blackhawk and built the NL-13 in the Butler facility with help from Butler employees Butler had ceased production by that time in the depths of the Great Depression The NL-13 had an allshy

wing spars and the fabric wing covshyering The engine was a 120-hp Marshytin 333 inve rted inline with four cylinders The X12538 was the only NL-13 built and was not successful in reaching production although it was an ea rly example of formed alushyminum aircraft structures

My information comes from Aeroshyfilescom and from Chuck (Charles E) Lebrechts fine article entitled AK Longren - Pioneer Airman of the West published in American Aviation Historishycal Society Journal Vol26 No4 Winshyter 1981 pp258-270 Lebrechts article gives a great vjew of Longrens career as an aircraft designer and manufacturer

Jack Erickson State College Pennsylvania Other correct answers were reshy

ceived from WaIt House Wichshyita Kansas George Otto Snook Monroe Michigan John Miller Wamego Kansas Cam Bla ze r Leawood Kansas An extensive arshyticle on the airplane and AK Lonshygren written by Wesley Smith is also included in this issue of Vinshytage Airplane

metal airframe except for wooden 1---------------------------------shy

eners and bulkheads the NL-13 fuselage had a safety factor able to absorb 1683g

ahead of the center of gravity (CG) and 11g aft of the CG

This made the fuselage of the NL-13 considerably stronger than that of the Stearman YBT-3 Boeing P-26A Conshysolidated P-30 and Boeing P-12B with which it was compared the YBT-3 having a maximum g-Ioading potential of 109

both fore and aft of the CG While the reshyport recommended the possible adoption of Longrens construction techniques orshyders for the NL-13 were not forthcoming and no further examples were built

With the demise of Butler Longren went to work for himself using a porshytion of the former Butler factory at the Kansas City Municipal Airport In 1933-34 Longren did the initial metal work on the Luscombe Phantom and developed metal-working techniques with his partner Ivan Driggs Plans for opening another aircraft factory were put on hold when Cessn a reopened their Wichita Kansas facility in 1934 for production of the Cessna C-34 Cessna hired Longren as vjce-president a posishy

tion that he held until 1939 when he moved to Torrance California to open the Longren Aircraft Company

While Longren built no further airshycraft he became a successful subconshytractor of prefabricated components for other aircraft manufacturers After the end of World War II Longren sold his company and retired to a 3OOO-acre ranch at Adin Ca lifornia where he passed away due to a heart condition on Nov 19 1950 at age 68

The defini tive Longren article was written by Mr Charles E Lebrecht and was published in the Winter 1981 edishytion of the American Aviation Historical Society Journal (Volume 26 Number 4 pages 258-270) I am indebted to Mr Lebrechts excellent research for the inshyformation in this piece Further informashytion on AK Longren can be found in the pages of Aviation Quarterly (Mace Kenshyneth D Pioneer Airmen ofKansas Volshyume 5 Number 2 Second Quarter 1979 pages 152-163) Mr Maces article is also quite well-written and contains severshyal beautiful photos of Longrens aircraft as well as the 1908 Call Mayfly

VINTAGE A I RPLANE 37

The fo llowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter of information only and does not constishytute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed To submit an event send the information via mail to Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Or e-mail the information to vintageaircrafteaaorg Information should be received four months prior to the event date

JUNE S-IO-Union IL-Poplar Grove Airport Army Wings and Wheels Info Vintage Wings amp Wheels Museum 815-547middot3115 Tom Murray hiwheelsbcglobalnet

JUNE 14-17-St Louis MO-Dauster Flying Field Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) American Waco Club Flymiddotln Info Phil Coulson 269shy624-6490 or rcoulson516cscom www americanwacoclubcom

JUNE 20-2l--Lock Haven PA-William T Piper Memorial Airport (LHV) Sentimental Journey Fly-In Family oriented fly-in featuring antique and classic aircraft of all makes and models especially PIPERS Seminars vendors food camping and entertainment daily Come for the day or the week Call 570-893-4200 or 748shy5123 for more information j3cubkcnet org wwwsentimentaljourneyfly-incom

JUNE 21-24-Mt Vernon Ohio-Wynkoop Airport (6G4) 48th Annual National Waco Club Reunion Check www nationalwacoclubcom for more information and contact information Or email call Andy Heins 937 313 5931 wacoasoaolcom

JUNE 22-24-Gardner KA-Gardner Municipal Airport (K34) Greater KC VAA Chapter 16 Fly-in Contact Kevin Pratt 816-985-3248

JUNE 23-Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

JUNE 30-Chetek WI-The Chetek WI (Y23) 9AM car show craft fair and show a professional horse pull and a water ski show Plenty of food and drink available throughout the day For more info contact Chuck Harrison 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet or Tim Knutson 715-237shy2477 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

JUNE 31-Russellville KY- Russellville-Logan County Airport (4M7) 9th Annual All You Can Eat BarBQ Lunch 1100am - 200pm Rain Date July 5th Aircraft displays skydiving door prizes Everyone welcome For more information eaal165yahoo com wwwangelfirecom ky3 eaal165 Joe Lawrence 270-726-1558

JULY 4-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-llam For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

JULY 6-8--All iance Oh (2Dl)-Taylorcraft and Ohio Aeronca Aviators Fly-In See the airplanes built in Alliance OH amp Middletown

38 JU N E 2007

OH and the people that built them Camping motels food all day fbarberalliancelinkcom 330823-1168 bwmatzllacyahoocom 216 337-5643 httpwwwoaafy-incom see wwwbarberaircraftcom for airport diagrams Breakfast served Sat amp Sun 7AM to 11AM by EM Chapter 82

JULY 14-Zanesville OH-Parr Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

AUGUST 5-Queen City MO-Applegate Airport (15MO) 20th Annual Watermelon Fly-In amp BBQ 2pm til dark Come and see grass roots aviation at its best Info 660-766-2644

AUGUST S-Chetek WI-Southworth Municipal airport (Y23) BBQ Fly-In 1030am Warbird displays antique and unique airplanes antique amp collector car displays and raffles for airplane rides Procedes will be given to local charities Info Chuck Harrison - Office 715-924shy4501 Cell 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet Tim Knutson - Home 715-237-2477 Cell 651-308-2839 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

AUGUST 17-19--McMinnville OR-25th Annual West Coast Travel Air Reunion Come Celebrate the Rebirth of the Travel Air Expected to be the largest gathering of Vintage Travel Airs in recent times Held in conjunction with the Northwest Antique Airplane Club Event Info Bruce McElhoe 559-638-3746

AUGUST 18--Forest Lake MN-(25D)-Airport Fly-in and Open House lOam - 4pm 24shyhour gas and 24-hour grass 3000-foot 31 13 Forest Lake Lions serve brats corn-ltgtn-the-cob and ice cream 100LL is available John Schmidt EM 250021 St Paul Minnesota 651 776 1717

AUGUST IS-I9-Long Island NY- Bayport (23N) Annual Antique Aeroplane Fly-In Old time movies popcorn pig roast flour bomb drop and spot landing contest with the days ending in the in famous Sheep Shagger Baa For more info wwwAACGNY org or email Stuart Bain at Sbain emediaofny com

AUGUST 19-Brookfield WI-Capitol Airport (02C) Ice Cream Social and vintage Aircraft Display VAA Chapter 11 Dean London 262-442-4622

AUGUST 2S-Niles MI-Jerry Tyler Memorial Airport (3TR) VAA Chapter 35 Annual Corn amp Sausage Roast Lunch served 1100am

to 300 pm Rain date on Sunday August 26th Donations of $500 for adults and $300 for children under 12 Contact Len Jansen tripacerlenyahoocom

SEPTEMBER I -Marion IN-Marion Municipal Airport (MZZ) 17th Annual Fly-In Cruise-In 700am until 200pm This annual event features antique classic homebuilt ultralight and warbird aircraft as well as vintage cars trucks motorcycles and tractors An all-you-can-eat Pancake Breakfast is served with all proceeds going to the local Marion High School Marching Band wwwFlylnCruiselncomlnfo Ray Johnson (765) 664-2588 or rjohnson indyrrcom

SEPTEMBER I -Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $2 50 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer Phone (740) 454-7487

SEPTEMBER 2-Mondovi WI-21st Annual Log Cabin Airport Fly-In Doug Ward Owner Operator 715-287-4205 Lunch noon

SEPTEMBER 8-Newark Ohio-NewarkshyHeath Airport (VTA) Annual Fly-In DriveshyIn Breakfast Pancakes and More Young Eagles Flights Vintage Airplanes Classic Cars Tom McFadden 740-587shy2312 email EAA402adelphianet

SEPTEMBER 9-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-12pm For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

SEPTEMBER 21-22- Bartlesville OK-Frank Phillips Field (BVO) 51st Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-In Antiques Classics Light Sport Warbirds Forum Type Clubs Info Charlie Harris 918-622shy8400 wwwtulsafyincom

OCTOBER 5-7-Camden SC-Kershaw County Airport (KCDN) VAA Chapter 3 Fall Fly-In All classes welcome BBQ on field Fri Evening EAA judging all classes Sat Banquet Sat Nite Info Jim Wilson 843-753-7138 or eiwilson homexpresswaynet

OCTOBER 5-7-St Louis MO-Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) The Monocoupe Club Fly-In amp Reunion wwwmonocoupecom

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presented by Ecpse ~1aton n 8lt ford otor col1pa y

Page 9: PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATIONmembers.eaavintage.org/wp...Vol-35-No-6-June-2007.pdf · PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION . ... Flightline Safety Committee and their

The Grand Champion Antique award was presented to Less Whittlesleys 1939 Lockheed 12A Electra Jr which was also the Antique Grand Champion at last years AirVenture Oshkosh 2006

RIGHT Unless youre awor1d traveler whos been to Europe its unlikely youve ever actually seen the Saab Safir 91 alow-wing trainer built by the automobileairshycraft manufacturer Lars De Jounge who now hails from Vero Beach Florida has lovingly restored this example which was presented with an Outstanding in Type award Lars tells us he plans on bringing the airplane to EAA AirVenture Oshkosh 2007

One more time The Luscombe Silvaire Aircraft Company (also known as Renaissance Aircraft) is now located on the Historic Flabob Airport in Riverside Califorshynia The company is planning to produce the venerable Luscombe Silvaire as their model LSA-8 powered by the newly available Continental 0-200 engine

wwwluscombemiddotsilvairecom JUN E 2007 8

Some folks think the Franklin 6A4-165-B3 engine was afactory option at the Aeronca factory for the 15AC Sedan it was no~ as the original STC was issued to Maine Air Service It certainly adds just a litHe more oomph to the performance of this fine 4-place airplane as owner Don Wilson can attesl Wilsons recent beautiful restoration which features seaplane door conversions and the very handy STCd fueling steps supplied by Burls Aircraft Rebuild of Chugiak Alaska Burl holds the Type Certificate for the Sedan and has been steadily adding to the available parts list

___~~~_ __~ for the Sedan

HG FRAUTSCHY PHOTOS

RIGHT William Sharpe from nearby Tampa Florida brought his 1962 Mooney M20C over to Sun nFun for aday or so

Even an altercation with a runway logging truck couldnt keep restorer Gorgeous weather was the norm for nearly every day during this years Sun nFun

and the annual picnic for the Vintage Aircraft area hosted by VAA Chapter 1(Florida Sport Aviation Antique and Classic Association-FSAACA) is always abig hit with the Vintage crowd as you can see by the nearly standingmiddotroom only crowd

VINTAG E AIRPLANE

pilot Jeff Smith of Asheboro North Carolina from Sun nFun with his brilmiddot liant restoration of his 125 hp Temco Globe Swift First purchased by Smith in 1996 hes carefully been restoring and polishing the essentially stock airmiddot plane for the past decade creating abeautiful showplane

9

Bill Scott of Springhill Florida restored his Stinson 108-3 with no intentions of selling it but the new owner Jim Gibson from Polk City FL worked on him for several years before he finally gave in_

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One of tile Inmdreds of volunteers on hand to help put on tile annual spring migration to Florida Bill Wedlund of Jacksonville Florida gives the stop signal to Kennit Sutton of Naples Florida as Kennit taxis in with his turbine DeHavilland Beaver conversion

Ron Haynes brought his lovely Piper Cub to Sun nFun from New Port Richey Florida Parked near the emergency aircraft repair building (thats afork lift behind the Cub) Rons Cub looked like just the ticket for enjoying the Florida air with the window and door open

Kent Pietschs 1942 S-l Interstate Cadet is flown in airshows all over the world (in January he flew in the AI Ain Aerobatic Show at Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates) and is now decorated in the colors of his new sponsor Jelly Belly jellybeans

10 JUNE 2007

An earty Model TA hydro in the air Note the tubular wing tip floats

The story of the Thomas-Morse Aircraft Corporation Part II

BY AL K ELCH

PHOTOS FROM THE WILLIAM T THOMAS JR COLLECTION VIA ROBERT G ELLIOTT

Preface two-part story in two 1960 issues of American Airman exshy1982-The following three-part article on the Thomasshy tensively researched by Frank Strand with a great deal oforigishy

Morse Aircraft Corp although extensively edited and further nal contact with William Thomas Sr researched by me should be credited to Robert C Elliott of Frank had permission to use all ofthe material he had gathshyDaytona Beach Florida who sought out William T Thomas ered to put together one more article specially tailored for VinshyIr still living in Daytona Beach Mr Thomas generously tage Airplane magazine on the Tommy-Morse Scout of World shared pictures and recollections of his father plus some mashy War I fame For the real Tommy buffs it would pay to seek out terial from the personal collections of Paul D Wison one of his extensive two-part story in the American Airman for lune the three original test pilots Robert submitted to me fresh mashy and luly 1960 Frank also did Profile No 68 published by Proshyterial on the earlier portions of the Thomas airplane venture file Publications Ltd PO Box 26 1A North St Leatherhead On researching several older articles I zeroed in on a wonderful Surrey England

In 1913-1914 the attention of the Thomas Aeroplane Company was turned to the development of flying boats following the similar course of Glenn Curtiss The first machine was quite crude with a wooden hull and the top deck covered with canvas powered with a six-cylinder 90-hp

Austro-Daimler engine The developshyment of this phase of Thomas flying boats went through some sleek mashyhogany-hulled versions on to develop the first metal-hulled hydroplane in America Along with the flying boats several interesting types developed including a two-place version of the

same airplane both powered by 90shyhp Austro-Daimler engines In adshydition a single-place monoplane reminiscent of the Bleriot was flown using a 40-hp Maxi-motor This Thomas monoplane proved unsuitshyable for exhibition work

It was about this time another Mr REPRINTED FROM Vintage Airplane AUGUST 1982

VI NTAGE AIRPLANE 11

An early Thomas tractor hydroplane with single float and wing tip floats

Riglrt-side view of a 1916 hydroplane two-place Model B-3 Austro-Daimler powered

A much earlier Thomas hydroplane with a 90-hp Austro-Daimler engine The forward section of the hull had a fabric cover to furnish protection from the spray

With a 90-hp Austro Austro-Daimshyler engine this metal-hulled Thomas hydroplanes fuel tank was located on top of a wing

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12 J U NE 2007

Two Guns White Cap chief of the Blackfoot Indians with pilot Ralph Brown WT Thomas at right The Inmiddot dian brought the whole tribal family to witness the flight Once off the water the chief let out a war whoop to let evmiddot eryone know he was quite pleased

The Brindley Street plant in Ithaca New York about 1915 where the Tmiddot2 and Dmiddot2 tractor planes were built

Thomas was due to be added to the company This gentleman had no relation to the founders of the comshypany but he was destined to change and influence the companys direcshytion substantially Mr B Douglas Thomas became the chief engineer and airplane designer He had an exshycellent aircraft background having previously worked as assistant airshycraft deSigner for Vickers Ltd and later Sopwith Aviation Through simshyilar circumstance he also worked for Glenn Curtiss where he assisted in designing the famous Curtiss Model J tractor and the famous Jenny He also took part with Lt Porte in designing the America the first multiple-engine flying boat built for the purpose of transatlantic flight

Upon being employed by the Thomas Bros Airplane Co B Dougshylas Thomas designed its first successshyful tractor biplane The model was deSignated T-2 and was similar to the Model J Curtiss except for the addi-

Morris Chain Co Ithaca New York a subsidiary of BorgmiddotWarner where WT Thomas eventually merged his interests Mr Morris owned controlmiddot ling interest with WT Thomas as vice president

VINTAGE AIRPLA NE 13

The board room group disshycussing aircraft business Left to right Harold Bliss BD Thomas GeorgeAbel Jerome Freed Mr Morris W T Thomas Raymond Ware BD Thomas was no relation to WT Thomas

Employees of the Thomas Brothers Aeroplane Co Ithaca New York Brindley Street plant

H might be Frank Burn-side standing beside the large trainer at the Thomas School of Aviation near Hhaca New York Note that the ailerons were emshyployed up top wing only Exshyhaust stacks rose from the top of the engine and were attached to pipe which wrapped around both sides of the fuselage WT Thomas flying school was the first Board of Regents Chartered Aviation School in New York State This plane was possishybly a Model 02

14 JUNE 2007

Side profile of an assemshybled Thomas Aero Motor The hand crank was preshy

ferred to swinging the prop on a geared ltwo-to-one)

engine Note the individual cylinder primers beside

spark plugs

tion of two nose skids and the 90-hp Austro-Daimler engine It had a top speed of 83 mph and could climb 3800 feet in 10 minutes carrying a lOOO-pound load The performance of this machine added to the prestige of the companys having hired a new deshySigner and resulted in an order from the British Adshymiralty for 24 Model T-2 airplanes its first sizable order

Wit h two pre v i 0 u s One of 15 Model SH-4 hydroplanes built by Thomas-Morse for the US Navy in about 1916 It moves from Hornell New York and Bath New York

was powered with a 149-hp Sturtevant engine

the brothers looked for a new locashy signed and built a 135-hp geared commissioned in the Royal Flying tion in which to expand Ithaca New engine with the help of designers Corps This brought a number of pishyYork at the southern end of Cayuga GeorgeAbel and Harold Bliss also two lots to the shores of Cayuga Lake as Lake was a natural choice with flat of the founders of this new division World War I gained intensity fields for takeoff and landing and a In 1915 two seaplanes designated The expansion and all of the activishy40-mile-long lake constituting an SH-4 and SH-5 were built for the ties had put considerable financial strain ideal seaplane or flying boat test area Navy and the D-5 tractor plane was on the Thomas companies A refinancshyThis coupled with the cold-weather developed for the Signal Corps Furshy ing was accomplished by merging the ability to fly from the ice resulted in ther development in 1916 resulted in airplane and engine division with the an ideal location production of the SH-4 seaplane and flying school then merging with the

Shortly after the move to Ithaca IS were built for the US Navy Morse Chain Co of Ithaca New York BD Thomas designed a new model With the prestige of not only an Thus the final name that is so wellshytheD-2 tractor biplane This was the airplane company but also a moshy known Thomas-Morse Aircraft Corp first use of the new Thomas entershy tor company and a flying school was born January 31 1917 in time to prise which was to build its own enshy The Thomas School of Aviation was build the famous World War I fighters gines This auxiliary company called picked by the Canadian government To be concluded in next months The Thomas Air Motor Co had de- for pilots who would train to become issue of Vintage Airplane

V I N T AGE AI RPLA NE 15

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There seems to be two distinctly different types of people in the world of little airplanes those who love and adore the Aeronca Chief and those who wouldnt know an Aeronca Chief if they found it floating in their coffee Its not a question of liking it or disliking it because its one of those airplanes that has such a low recognition factor that a relatively

small percentage of the pilot popushylation even knows it exists In some ways thats a good thing because it has helped keep the prices down for those who want a Chief of their own One of those is Danny Poulton of Belshyton South Carolina

The Poultons Chief is not your avshyerage Chief Were all used to seeing the 11AC (65 hp) or the 11CC (85 hp)

-the postwar Super Chief-but theirs is an lIBe Were not sure it ever carshyried a name but maybe we should call it the Not-Quite-Super-Chief It came out of the factory in 1947 with a C8S-8 which meant no provisions for a starter Not a normal one anyway It had a McDowell starter which was a combination of ratcheted sprockets and a lever that worked very much like the pull starter on a lawn mower with the cable going back to a hanshydle in the cockpit By the time Danny bought the airplane as a project in Michigan the starter had long since disappeared In fact everything fireshywall-forward had disappeared But were getting ahead of ourselves

Danny had owned a number of airplanes in the past and in fact had learned to fly while he was still in high school

We had aviation on my moms side of the family he says My unshycle was an airframe and powerplant mechanic (AampP) and a fUll -time corshyporate pilot and he encouraged me

He progressed through a number of airplanes most of them some varishyation of the Piper PA-28 line includshying an Arrow although a 63 C-l72 did follow him home one day

I met Donna and aviation beshycame part of our life he says In fact we were married in a 421 Cessna at five thousand feet over Anderson South Carolina

Danny didnt get into vintage airshyplanes until four years ago with the Chief It was a form of therapy because he was on a crusade to lose weight

I had let myself balloon up to 460 pounds and if I was going to live I had to lose the weight I had two sons Dale and JD and a wonderful wife and I didnt want to lose all of that just beshycause I was overweight So I started looking for an airplane to rebuild as a way to keep myself busy We live on an airpark and we had a great guy Gene Richburg living just down the runshyway from us He was 82 years old at the time and knew everything there was to know about rebuilding airplanes and he volunteered to help me

So Danny launched on two projshyects at the same time both of them

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 17

Danny Poulton holds open the top cowl to reveal the Continental C-SS installation It appears Danny has decided not to trust his Chief mechanical fuel gauges which are known to be troublesome and is using an old standby the wire and cork float gauge so common prior to World War II

In keeping with the restrained nature of Dannys customized Chief a few nice touches such as the upholstered side panels and polished control wheel caps brighten up the otherwise original-looking cabin Look closely and you can see the toe brake pedals on the pilots side of the cockpit Those pedals are seen only on the UBC UCC and lSAC Sedan

The tubular structure of the landing gear is covered with an aluminum fairshying leading to a nicely finished pair of replica fiberglass wheelpants The small cable attached to the trailing edge of the landing gear is a safety cable It was originally installed in case of a failshyure of the originally installed phenolic piston within the oleo strut Later after an airworthiness directive (47-20-02) and Aeronca Service Helps and Hints No 12 required changing the phenoshylic part to one made of aluminum the need for the cable was negated but most owners keep it just in case

monumental The first was to lose weight and the second to find a projshyect that fit his goals and skill levels

I didnt look long and actually found the Chief on eBay It belonged to an AampP in Michigan who had started to rebuild it and then decided to put it up for sale I hadnt done anything like this before so I was reshyally not sure of what I was doing but I hooked up my trailer and headed up to Michigan to buy the Chief That was in July of 2003

What he saw when he got to Michshyigan was enough to encourage him so he loaded it up and brought it back to South Carolina As is always the case however he wouldnt really know what he had until he did a thorshyough inventory back home

The large dorsal fin on the llBC Chief (also used on the UCC) makes identifishycation of the higher-horsepower Chiefs a bit easier

18 JUNE 2007

When we unloaded at home Gene came over and we spread the entire collecshytion of stuff out to see what was missing and what kind of work was going to be needed In general the airshyframe was actually in great shape because the AampP

had already started workshying on it and had finished the major compon ents The wings were more or less complete and fini shed

and the work was beautiful About all th ey needed were the leading edges and to be covered

The fuselag e tubing had been cleaned and painted and most of the fuselage wood was usable too Part of the airplanes condition is probshyably because it had only 400 hours on it and had spent most of its life stored inside somewhere We dont have much of the airplane s history but you could see by looking at the wood and steel that it hadnt been left outside to rot like so many Chiefs have been

When we were done inventorying it we found a lot of missing or unusshyable stuff that I hadn t noticed when picking it up It had no tail wheel or wing struts and the doors were not only the wrong doors but were badly crushed There were no control yokes and all of the logos were missing Same thing for all of the interior upshyholstery boards Plus there was esshysentially nothing firewall-forward I

Its still easy for most of those who h ave restored airplanes to rememshyber what it was like in the days beshyfore computers The dozens of trips to fly-markets the phone calls and the constant surveillance of Trade-ashyPlane were not only aggravating but added a huge amount of time to finshyishing the project Danny came into the Vintage world PC post computer so he was able to take full advantage of cyber searching for parts

Besides buying the airplane on eBay that service proved to be a tershyrific source for some of the rarer parts I needed Among other things thats

Whats in a Model Number By HG Frautschy

The differences between the llBC Chief and the llCC Super Chief are tough to spot but in todays sport pilot market one distinction can spell the

difference between flying one and just owning one

Both airplanes are powered by the Continental C85-8 and both came equipped with the rather clever McDowell starter The McDowell was vilified by

some as being a cheap substitute for an electrical starter but having had one

for years on my Super Chief Id have to say it s one of the neatest inventions

added to the postwar lightplane If treated with respect and used in the way the manufacturer intended it worked perfectly It did have one design weakness

that could have been easily solved but it didnt last long enough on the market to make it that far

The McDowell was activated using a cable with a ball swaged on the end

Because of the way the ball and cable were retained in the starters pulley

sheave the cable would fray and then break just below the ball or an overly

enthusiastic pull on the starter cable would pull the ball right off the end If Mcshy

Dowell had used a small fitting inside the sheeve to allow for a straight pull on

the cable (and if the cable had a ball and shank swaged fitting) Im convinced the McDowell would have been much more popular

It allowed for a lightweight starter to be installed on an airplane intended to be flown by casual travelers who were interested in ease of use and safety

It allowed my wife and her instructor both petite women to independently fly

the airplane without requiring a flip of the prop by someone else As long as

the engine was in good tune and one could reasonably expect the airplane to start when the impulse magneto fired the McDowell was a great way to pul l

the prop through safely

The 11BC and 11CC interiors were similar with a slight edge going to the

llCC for a few interior appointments added to enhance the automobile-like

feel to the cockpit Hap Granier the designer of the interior of all three postwar Aeroncas worked his magic on the Chiefs to give them a small sedan or coupe

feeling Bedford whipcord upholstery and side panels the zebrawood pattern wood-gra in-printed instrument panel and control wheels instead of control

sticks all contributed to that atmosphere

Both the 11CC and 11BC featured a large dorsal fin but the 11CC had a

different elevator stabilizer configuration That fact is sometimes lost on reshy

storers and aircraft modifiers who incorrectly (and illegally) put the earlier

11AC or llBC stab elevator combination on an llCC The 11CC has an aeroshy

dynamically balanced elevator designed to meet the hands-off gliding speed requirements of the then-new CAR 03 regulations Aeronca also had the llCC

certified in the Utility category as well as the Normal category with maximum gross weights of 1 290 and 1 350 pounds respectively That right there is a major difference in the airplanes as they are viewed in the market today The 11BC with a maximum gross weight of 1250 pounds is sport pilot eligible

while the llCC by virtue of its 1350 weight is not Interestingly a few llCC additions made it into the llBC as well Both

Chiefs as well as the four-place Aeronca Sedan shared the same rudder brake pedals with toe brakes instead of the heel brakes seen on the Champ Both feature flight characteristics similar to the Champ with the Chiefs having

the edge when it comes to cross-country flights With a 70-pound baggage alshylowance and up to 23 gallons of fuel on board the Chief is a great traveling machine if you re not in a hurry But when you re flying something as pretty as

a Chief whos in a big hurry

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 1 9

BONNIE KRATZ

He Danny Poultons Aeronca Chief features a custom color scheme that is reminiscent of the original decoration composed by Hap Granier for Aeroncas4012E side-by-side personal airplane

where I~gOt~t~h~e~iiiiiiiiiiibullbullbullbull con- trol yoke covers with the Aeronca logos the ashshytrays the bezels and the air box for the cabin heat I even found the pishytot tube and hand brake on eBay If I would have had to physically search for all of that stuff Id probably still be looking

Wag-Aero came to the rescue in supplying the struts and wing leadshying edges

III was able to use most of the origishynal boot cowl but the original noseshybowl was really bad and was cut for the McDowell starter so I used an STCd fiberglass replacement If I find a good original I may change that

11Th is airplane came out of the facshytory with toe brakes which were with the airplane and I stayed with the mechanical brakes and just installed new pads You dont really need

20 JUNE 2007

brakes on the airshyplane for anything so they work just fine

Danny was planning on flying the airplane a lot and added a venturi so he could run an artificial horizon and added air vent holes

When we were doing the inteshyrior there was no kit available for the headliner so a neighbor Phyllis Dalshyton sewed one up using the original material found on Chiefs That was really tedious Then I made the side panels and covered them with Airtex fabric and had to fabricate a new bagshygage door and make the boards for the seats

The panel had already been cleaned so the wood grain was gone but I decided not to try to put it on I did however make two metal glove

compartments for it The sliding windows were

original to the airplane but the polished prop isnt I just thought it looked betshyter polished

When the airframe was done and ready to be covered Danny went with Poly-Fiber and shot it with Aeroshythane but not in the original colshyors or scheme

IIAirtex had some sample seat covers for the airplane that were inexpensive so I bought them and had the paint mixed to go with the seat covers Also the paint stripes arent original They

mimic the factory scheme but arent exact I should also mention that I had some help with the fabric from Larry and Phyllis Dalton who helped cover the airplane This was my first time and they made it easy

Since Danny had no engine he was starting from scratch in that area The original was a C8S-8 but with his papaerwork he found a Supplemental Type Certificate (STC) that opened interesting new avenues

There was part of an STC in our paperwork that would let me install a -12 engine and that would allow me to have an electric starter which I reshyally wanted The problem was that the STC wasnt complete Plus the -8 mount is

than the shy12 so its not

a plug-andshyplay

change and I

expected some problems

getting the papershywork straightened out

I called the Atshylanta Flight Stanshydards District Office and really

lucked out The Coshylumbia Federal Aviashy

tion Agency (FAA) field examiner came out looked the airplane over and said hed be happy to clean up the paperwork and submit it to Atlanta for me What I thought was going to be a problem turned out to be quite easy

Unfortunately Danny found out that things dont always go easy when restoring an airplane and his headaches came in the form of his first engine

I had two sons

Dale and lD

and a wonderful

wife and 1 didnt

want to lose all of

that just because

1 was overweight

So 1 started

looking for an

airplane to rebuild

as a way to keep

myself busy

I bought a C8S-12 that had been overhauled I had flown it for about 22 hours when one cylinder lost a lot of compression so we pulled the jug When we got inside we found that the rod was just banging around in there and was loose on the crank When we split the case we found the crank was badly scored and a lot of metal had gone through the engine so I had to find another one

The second engine was freshly overhauled by an FAA-certified shop

in 2000 after a prop strike The guy I bought it from was building a homebuilt and

was afraid that the engine was going to sit too long before his

project was completed so he sold it Everything checked out to be perfect and it has been humming along with no problems since day one

We flew the airplane for the first time July I 2006 and I had a local pilot Gary Dalton do the test hop I dont mind telling you that I was nershyvous watching it When I flew it for the first time I had only 10 hours of tailshywheel time Id logged while getting my tail wheel endorsement I was a little nervous then too but everything went beautifully When we flew it it was alshymost exactly three years to the day that we unloaded it from the trailer

When I started I guess I became a little compulsive about working on it Id eat in the hangar work until 10 or 11 every night and sometimes Id wake up in the middle of the night and go out and work on it When Id get home from church on Sunday Id change clothes and go out and get something done Im glad I did it that way because it really helped me with the other problem

In the process of restoring his Chief Danny met several goals The first was finishing and flying his own Chief but the second and more imshyportant was taking control of his life From the time he started the Chief to the time he flew it he lost 230 pounds and added no telling how many years to his life Most people have difficulty committing to just finishing an airshyplane so Danny is to be congratushylated for two jobs well done ~

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 21

~The Bmiddot thof

Creating a classic design BY CHESTER L PEEK PHD

Could you in three months time design and build a new light plane without tools or factory and with very little money Impossible you say But that is just what eG Tayshylor did in the spring of 1936 when he introduced the legendary Taylorshycraft to the aviation world Heres the story

In the last week of December 1935 eG Taylor was confined to his bed ill and completely discourshy

aged Days before he and Bill Piper Hangar at Butler Pennsylvania 1936 Still in use today had signed a legal document that dissolved their troubled partnership For Taylors share of the Taylor Cub company (which was in debt more than $90000) he received approximately $5000 to be paid out in small installments over three years

Byron Shinn knew Taylor well both as a customer and friend In a 1991 letter he describes Taylors situashytion and subsequent events

Back in the 1930s we had a small manufacturing comshypany located in one of the hangars on the Butler Pennsylvashynia airport called The Shinn Devices Company We made aluminum wheels for aircraft 4 bead diameter 700X4 tire and at that time sold them to most of the light aircraft manshyufacturers including the Taylor and Piper organization in Bradford Pennsylvania We had a quite complete machine shop and engineering design business I remember how Taylorcraft got started One very cold winter day probably in December 1935 I drove up to see Taylor in Bradford The roads were terrible ice coated and I almost had several acshycidents When I got there I found Taylor sick in bed and in a very discouraged frame of mind He had just been kicked out of his company by Piper and had little or no money or employment I told him with his abilities as an aircraft deshysigner and builder that he should certainly try to get back in the business and offered to help if I could

I went back to Butler and contacted D Bar Peat who was a promoter a very nice fellow who was running the Butler

Ken SchoHer about 1980 airport I asked if he could raise some money to start Tayshy22 JUNE 2007

TAYLORCRAFT BY C 6 TAYLOR PlmBUR6H-BUTLER AIRPORT BunER PA

STABLE FAST A NEW LIGHT PLANE ECONOMICAL LOWPRICED

First Taylorcraft ad February 1936 Aero Digest

First Taylorcraft specifications Photo is of a model

during the

Depression

you NEVER

left a job

Yet these men

deeply loyal

to Taylor

came with him

to this chancy

new venture Byron Shinn about 1936

TAYLORCRAFT Model A

ATe pendingB_ Span 36 (11 m) Length 22 (67 m) Heicht 6 8 (21 m) Wm area 169 fLgt (156 ml) Power Ioodiaa 2IS IbsJhp (118 kcJho) WioJ Ioadma 58 1bbullJIt (293 kcl) Weicht empty 570 Ibs (259 kg) U falload 420 Ibs (190 kc) Payload 181 lbo (82 kcl Gr weiht m lbo (449kcr Bant I Ibs (5 kg) Fuel 10 gals

~L~~L11t1iLk hp

~~~gtam~~hm~~49 kph) l~ mph (51h ) Semlte laquoiliaC 101000 ft (4260 m) imb per min 400 It (122 tn) Cruig rang 210 mi (371 1aD) ~ F welded eel tubg four JODIeIODS of proareqjve diameters wood faired and fabric conrcd removable maine mouat j streued fot SO hp installamiddot tion Wg two paDdJ bolted to fuselafefabric _ ~ oectioo With eJlipticalJy rOUDded tips JOlid apruce JPlrs

Zplace ATC

metal ribs fabricated from drawn NicraJ secshytions sinclc drag wire bracinc built-up metal frame ailerons fabric COYered and of the balanced type with DO exposed horns

=r~~brTc ~~ai~~~wd~ removable fin elentor and stabiliurs inshyterlthanaeable right or IefL Landing rear =evbsor~ closed~~~es color ocJlulosc finish with trim Two-place flex-wine seat 39 inches ide--by-lide cabin fabric lined and fire-wall sound proofed all control cables and fittinp in the cabin are fully enclosed Baggag compartment 6- X 9- X w- back of seaL

~~6oo-~~bS~ wbeds DuPont Pluticell 1rindJhield rulr her mounted illltrument pampDe1 ~ Aeromarinc altimeter U S 011

~~itfra~~ pass or other instnunmts extra

Carlson and Harold White who were engineers Ken Tibbits and Les Salshychow Parks College graduates along with mechanics Colby Carpenter and William Crawford All these men had good secure jobs with Piper and durshying the Depression you NEVER left a job Yet these men deeply loyal to Taylor came with him to this chancy new venture All would eventually rise to responsible executive posishytions with Taylorcraft

Ken Scholter a local mechanic was hired as a welder Contemposhyrary reports credit him with most of the welding on the new plane Forshytunately he was also an amateur photographer and documented the building process on film He furshynished most of the photos shown in this article

Shinn resumes I When Taylor came to Butler he had very little money we all had very little money at that time I believe he got a small settlement from Piper for his share of the Cub company This was in the depths of the Depresshysion We doled the money out a few dolshylars at a time and started to build the first plane We used our machine shop to make the draw bench to make the rib parts and to make most of the parts jigs and dies that required machining

An engineering department was set up I hired a draftsman when Ray Carlshyson moved down from Bradford Tayshylor and the mechanics would make the parts and then the draftsman would

lor up again in the airplane business He along with Col make the drawings We designed a new wheel for the plane Breckenridge and some others did raise a little money about lightweight and very strong being constructed of an alumishy$1000 as I recall enough to include the building of the jigs num stamping fastened to a cast aluminum end rim Tayshyand fixtures and the first plane We moved Taylor and his lor and I also developed the new tapered axle which was family to Butler rented him a house and started work in a lighter and less costly A new Goodrich tire size 600 x 6 vacant hangar on the Butler airport SeveraL of Taylors men was used from Bradford came with him II The plane was designed and built during the first four

Actually six key Bradford employees left Piper and to five months of 1936 This must have been some sort of joined Taylor in the new enterprise They were Ray record When the plane was finished the test pilot Tibbits

VINTA GE A IR PLANE 23

One day we came to work

to find trucks backed up

to the hangar and Taylor

hauling away all the

Taylorcraft parts Batch of Shinn 800 x 4 wheelsjigs and fixtures

started the test flights First he taxied the plane up and down the runway then flew it the length of the runway just off the ground then made flights a bit higher and finally made circuits The plane flew very well but would not stall The CAA required proper recovery from a stall so Taylor worked on the horizontal tail surfaces so that a stall could be induced and the plane passed the CAA tests

Taylor was a design genius The CAA had just released a new-design wing curve and Taylor was the first I

ffi believe to use it The wing curve was ~ ~ faster and had a soft stall ~ This was the NACA 23012 airfoil z ~ Taylor once told the author that in

Fuselage structure 1935 he built a set of wings for the Cub using that airfoil but Piper veshytoed the change They were hanging on a wall when the Bradford factory burned in 1937

Shinn says I started an advertising campaign beginning with a very small ad in Aero Digest saying IISomething new is coming in Aviation The next ads told a little more People were very enthusiastic about the new plane It was much advanced over the Cub beshying faster with side-by-side seating and wheel controls Before long we had reshyceived down payments from over 50 customers $200 each as I recall This

ffi was due to correspondence with old ~ ~ Taylor Cub dealers and the Aero Dishy~ z gest ad In a 1992 interview Bob UJ

Taylor eGs son confirmed thisWing details He remembered his father waking

24 JUNE 2007

First A-40 run-up May 1936

him up one night in Butler and showing him $10000 in down payments

The first ad appeared in the February issue of Aero Digest and is shown on this page A later ad showed a photo of the plane but since no plane had been comshypleted at that time it was actually a snapshot of a model CG Taylor built on his kitchen table First the new trademark Taylorcraft was used but when Beechcraft threatened legal action claiming Taylorcraft sounded too much like Beechcraft the ads were changed to read Airplanes by GG Taylor However they resumed us-

CG Taylor and a Model ATaylorcraft 1936

ing the Taylorcraft name after sevshyeral months

Shinn continues D Bar Peat was always trying to promote the plane On Sundays they would put on an air show at the Butler airport and 200 to 300 people would atshytend Som e way he got the Taylorshycraft to lead the way when all the planes taxied by the grandstand at the Cleveland Air Races

Meanwhile in the hangar facshytory the prototype plane was beshying rushed to completion but not fast enough to suit Taylor He

once told the author I was away ~ from the plant for three days havshyo ~ ing given instructions to complete sect the engine mount When I returned

it was not done I hung the engine in the right place with a chain hoist we

cut the tubing to (it and it was done in an hour On May 1 the Continental A-40 engine SIN 635

was run up for the first time then on May 8 Taylor signed an application for an experimental certificate Only eight days later on Saturday May 16 CAA inshyspector RA Young witnessed the test flight and issued certificate X-16393 to the first Taylorcraft SIN 25 Apshyproximately three months had elapsed from the time construction was started until the new plane was airshyborne A remarkable achievement

It was a beautiful plane sleek and streamlined a far VINTAGE AIRPLANE 25

Test flight of the first Taylorcraft May 1936

1 rryen~~A1~~~ )~ ~- shyITS A - -=- (=- = --- I FAF

BEAUTY 51495middot00-----shy~GRACEFULLY CONTINENTAL

STREAMLINED - - _ MOTOR

C G TAYL O R bull PlttsburqhmiddotBuUer Airport bull Bu tler Penna

April 1936 ad in Aero Digest

cry from Taylors boxy square-cornered E-2 Cub With side-by-side seating and wheel controls it rivaled much larger more expensive planes such as the Waco and Stinson Weight had been kept to a minimum the proshytotype weighed only 570 pounds It was much faster than the Cub The first prospective customers who flew the plane verified the advertised cruising speed of 80 mph In a race with two locals an Aeronca C-3 and a Kinner Fleet the Taylorcraft won easily

The investors at Butler were elated With nearly 100 orders and down payments received for their new plane they envisioned a rapid production buildup and the prospects of a thriving profitable enterprise Their faith however had been misplaced

Shinn continues But unknown to D Bar Peat and me Taylor had been talking to others about financing and a place to manufacture the plane One day we came to work to find trucks backed up to the hangar and Taylor haulshying away all the Taylorcraft parts jigs and fixtures They moved to Alliance Ohio where they got one years free rent on a large old airplane factory financing and tax breaks D Bar Peat and I retained a lawyer to try to get back our inshyvestment eventually getting back some shares ofTaylorcraft 26 JUNE 2007

stock instead of money And Piper quit buying my wheels and switched to Hayes

Happily Taylor and Shinn soon put their legal difshyferences behind them and remained good friends and business associates for many years

Shinn was not alone in his disappointment when the unexpected move came Scholter was out of a job In 1992 he made this comment They left Butler owing me almost a months pay which I never got But they did give me a very nice letter of recommendation

The Alliance Review newspaper proudly announced the arrival of the new aircraft enterprise in its July 9 1936 edition But that is a story for another day

Authors note When researching my book The Taylorcraft Story in

1992 I was privileged to personally interview four prishymary information sources regarding the Butler Pennshysylvania events eG Taylor Bob Taylor Ken Scholter and Byron Shinn The history above was taken from those interviews and contemporary newspaper articles

_ 55 ~a-~~~ition

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LIN COL N MERCURY

EXTRA The Butler Manufacturing Co NL-I3 biplane

The March 2007 Mystery Plane is the 1932 Butler Manufacturing Co NL-13 biplane designed by Albin Kasper Longren (sometimes simply reshyferred to as the Longren NL-13)

AK Longren had a very long and interesting aviation career Born in a log cabin near Clay Center Kansas in 1882 he was the one of 14 children born to Swedish immigrant homeshystead farmers Charles and Emma Lonshygren In 1901 he took a business course from the International Corresponshydence School (ICS) which he followed up with an ICS diploma in mechanical engineering from 1907-1911

Longrens interest in aviation beshygan with his observations of Henry L Call in 1908 Call originally a New York lawyer author and socialist had moved to Girard Kansas in February of 1908 in order to construct a large and ungainly flying machine powered by two 20-hp Curtiss B-4 engines Known as the Mayfly and The Chicken (among other colorful names) the airshycraft failed to fly despite modification Call enjoyed the support of the nashytional socialist newspaper An Appeal to Reason and constructed several aircraft under the aegis of The Aerial Navigashytion Company of America starting in 1908 before the company changed its name

Beginning in 1911 Call manushyfactured two-cylinder and fourshycylinder horizontally opposed air-cooled engines which h e marshyketed to would-be aviators through

28 JUNE 2007

BY WESLEY SMITH

advertisements (primarily in Aircraft and Fly magazines published by Alshyfred W Lawson of 1920 Lawson Airshyliner fame) The two-cylinder Call was rated at 45 hp and the four-cylshyinder engine was rated at 90 hp Call engines were among the first aircraft engine to be fitted with mufflers an individual muffler being attached to the exhaust port of each cylinder

With his brother EJ Longren and a mechanic named William Janeke Longren constructed a Curtiss-type pusher biplane in Topeka Kansas Beshygun in the summer of 1910 the Toshypeka I was not completed until the fall of 1911 Fitted with a 60-hp Hall-Scott A-2 a water-cooled V-8 the Topeka I became the first successful aircraft to be completed in the state of Kansas Longren made his first flight on Sepshytember 2 and on September 5 1911 he made two flights the first flight reaching about 225 feet in altitude and covering 15 miles and the secshyond reaching about 300 feet and covshyering six miles

Of course Longren was only one of numerous individuals who built Curtiss-type pushers Plans for early Herring-Curtiss machines were pubshylished in Aeronautics and other aviashytion periodicals as well as in books With some individual alterations many such aircraft were built in the United States prior to Americas entry into World War 1

At any rate Longren soon went into the exhibition business with

H Young renaming the Topeka I as the Dixie Flyer The words Dixie Flyer - AK Longren - Aviator were painted on the underside of the Topeka IDishyxie Flyers monoplane canard Between 1911 and 1914 Longren gave 1372 exhibition flights in Kansas Texas Oklahoma Nebraska and Colorado for the Young Aviation Co

In 1912 Longren built a second Curshytiss-type with a Hall-Scott A-2 This airshycraft incorporated the improvements Curtiss had made to his newer aircraft during 1911-1912 and in due course the mid-gap ailerons were moved to the trailing edges of the upper wing This aircraft was sold to Longrens forshymer student and friend Phil Billard who used it to give exhibition flights This aircraft sometimes known as the Topeka II was presented to the Kansas State Historical Society in 1938 where it still exists as a display

In the spring of 1914 Longren took time to marry Ms Dolly Trent Later that winter (1914-1915) Longren built his first entirely original aircraft design - a two-place tractor biplane again seshylecting the reliable Hall-Scott as the powerplant During an exhibition at the Dickson County Fair at Abilene on September 9 1915 the aircraft stalled on takeoff and was destroyed hitting an automobile that was leaving the fairshygrounds Longrens passenger was relashytively unscathed but Longren suffered a broken leg and several internal injuries

While recovering from his injushyries in early 1916 Longren with Phil

Billard began the construction of his fourth aircraft the Model G The Model G was a clean two-place tractor biplane with a strong resemblance to a Curtiss IN-4 In fact it was powered by a Curtiss OX-2 and was intended for sale to the warring European powers However only two were sold one to the Kansas National Guard the other being used for exhibition flights

Late in the year Longren built a small tractor biplane sometimes reshyferred to as the Longren Bus The conshystruction featured a three-ply wooden monocoque fuselage and was built for William Burt of Okmulgee Oklahoma A second machine was constructed for Lester Miller of Dallas Texas who inshytended to use the aircraft for aerobatic exhibitions By late 1917 Longren had moved on to another two-place design known as the Model H As in the case of the earlier Longren Bus the Model H used a wooden monocoque fuselage The Model H was powered by a Curshytiss 90-hp OX-5 engine unfortunately while on his way to Kansas City Misshysouri Longren suffered an engine failshyure near Wakarusa Kansas The aircraft was destroyed in a crash which proved fatal to a cow standing in the field in which Longren was forced down He was made to pay $10000 in restitution to the angry farmer After that interest in the Model H faded away

Late in 1917 Longren became involved with Frederick W Buck MD ME and applied for a posishytion as chief engineer with the Buck Aircraft and Munitions Co of Denshyver To what extent Longren became involved with Dr Buck is unknown Buck (a long with Elmer Sperry and later Charles F Kettering at DaytonshyWright) had plans to develop and sell an aerial torpedo - essentially a small 50-hp biplane cruise misshysile which was intended to fly on a preprogrammed course then shed its wings at the proper time and place depositing a bomb contained within the crude fuselage framework

Longrens career took another path after his debacle with the Model H After failing to establish a new airshycraft company in Overland Park Kansas Longren eventually took a

position at McCook Field as an airshycraft inspector The Great War had cost Longrens friend Phil Billard his life when he was killed in a flying accident while serving in Issoudun France Longrens position at McshyCook had allowed him the opportushynity to examine every domestic and foreign-built aircraft tested there unshytil the time of his departure in 1919 On June 17 1919 Longren formed the Longren Aircraft Corp in Topeka Kansas using a former woolen mill in the Oakland suburb as the site for the new corporation The first aircraft to come out of the plant was the rebuilt Model H now resurrected as the H-2 It is unclear as to how the H-2 differed from the earlier Model H but by midshy1920 Longren had gone in yet another direction with the construction of the two-place Model D-2 - a small aircraft powered by a three-cylinder Y conshyfiguration Lawrence Model B engine of 35-60 hp Within a year the D-2 had evolved to become the Longren Model AK Sport

Described in the pages of Aviashy

tion and Aerial Age Weekly (Volume 11 Number 12 Sept 291921 pages 336-337 and Volume 14 Numshyber 3 Sept 26 1921 pages 55-56 respectively) the two-place Longren Sport or Fibre Sport was a sensational design that incorporated the three-ply laminated wooden monocoque fuseshylage of the 1916 Longren Bus and the 1917 Model H and a set of folding biplane wings to facilitate storage It is unclear as to how the fuselage of the Sport may have differed from earshylier Longren monocoque construcshytion techniques if at all

However a 1925 Longren patent describes the use of diamond-shaped wood fibre shell (procured from the National Fibre Co) being covered with an additional two layers of wood laminations on either side The fushyselage was made in upper and lower halves using steam-pipe-heated conshycrete male and female molds clamped together using 6000 pounds of presshysure The sections were then trimmed and dried with special provision for humidity control before being joined

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 29

to a framework of grooved ash longeshyrons and formers The fuselage formshyers were made of three-ply materials engine-bearing formers were made of a seven-ply material The formers were in turn attached to the fuseshylage shells with screws Finally the fushyselage was varnished inside and out with Valspar varnish the exterior reshyceiving a coat of pigmented varnish before a final clear coat

Sold with both Lawrence Model Lshy2 three-cylinder Y-style and Anzani sixshycylinder radial engines the Longren Fibre Sport was flown in several notashyble Midwestern aviation events during the early 1920s During the American Legion Air Meet at Kansas City (Octoshyber 31 - November 3 1921) the Sport made 38 consecutive loops while being flown by ND Trinler Two Sports were also flown during a special efficiency race held at Omaha Nebraska on Noshyvember 11 An AK Sport again flown by Trinler placed second with a speed of 7791 mph when flown over a 153shymile triangular course Later that Noshyvember two AK Sports were placed at the disposal of the Kansas City Star to deliver newspapers from Kansas City to Lawrence Kansas in record time During a game between the Missouri Tigers and the Kansasjayhawks a teleshygraph wired a play-by-play account of the football game to the Stars office The newspapers were then promptly set printed and delivered via aircraft to the Lawrence street vendors beshyfore departing fans were even able to reach their homes

After establishing a climb record for Longren aircraft in 1922 the Longren Sport attracted the attention of customshyers from as far away as China and the Soviet Union In 1923 the US Navy became interested and on February 19 1924 Lt jB Kneip flew the accepshytance tests for the first of three Lonshygren AK Sports that were sold to the Navy (serial numbered A6745 through A6747) The first machine was shipped to Washington DC for testing at the Anacostia Naval Air Station while the other two were delivered to Pensacola However documentation of their subshysequent testing and use by the Navy remains elusive

30 JUNE 2007

Photos of Longren Sports and the later NL-13 show the distinctive Lonshygren company logo painted on the side of the fuselage and perhaps a few words need to be said about it This consisted of four capital ilLs joined at the top of each letter This formed a crux gammata or swastika although the direction the letters pointed was counter-clockshywise as opposed the symbols use on aircraft flown by Nazi Germany in which the bottom of the ilLs point in a clockwise direction Prior to its adoption by the Nazi Party this ancient symbol was seen as far afield at the Southwestshyern United States where it was a sacred symbol of Native Americans and in Inshydia and in Runic Europe During The Great War the Indian head emblem of Seaplane Pilots Association (SPA) 124 included a crux gammata as part of the headdress worn by the Native Amerishycan chief tan In its time and place it was considered as a symbol of good forshytune and was in no way considered to be an insult In fact after World War I Finland adopted a grayish-blue crux

gammata inscribed within a white circle as the national insignia for its aircraft In Longrens case the ilL was inscribed with a second ilL and the rest of the letters in Longrens surname In addishytion to that a circular logo and was placed at the center of the emblem to which a set of wings and a propeller reached out to a point near the tips of the ilLs So as it turns out the Lonshygren swastika was covered by what might roughly be considered a crux

immissa or crucifix Longren had no connections to fascist idealism The company logo which originated in the Midwest in the early 20s was simply a clever play on the primary letter in Longrens surname

No matter how good an aircraft the Longren Sport was the company could not survive on such limited orders and the last aircraft was sold in May of 1924 The remaining company assets patents and facilities were sold at an auction in March 1926 The Longren Sport was resurrected briefly in 1928 when the American Eagle Aircraft Corporation of Kansas City Missouri built a solitary aircraft as the Model A-429 However the aircraft was much different than the

original Longren Sport and the design was not pursued further Following the collapse of his company Longren was hired by Willis Brown to become viceshypresident of production at the Spartan Aircraft Co in Tulsa When Brown left in 1929 Longren also moved on to beshycome a design consultant at the Butshyler Manufacturing Co at Kansas City Butler had planned to manufacture the Butler Blackhawk biplane However the company was unable to do this and all manufacturing was halted in 1931 At this pOint Longren made a deal to build a new airplane -- the NL-13

Registered as X12538 and sporting the distinctive Longren fuselage logo the NL-13 (NL possibly standing for New Longren) fuselage was built usshying a new machine-forming method for heat-treated duralumin sheets The upper and lower fuselage halves of the 1932 NL-13 biplane were joined to T-shaped longerons and riveted toshygether Fuselage formers also made of liT cross-section were riveted to the halves creating a very strong duralushymin semi-monocoque fuselage Like the earlier Longren AK the NL-13 had twin side-by-side seating The powerplant of the aircraft was a Martin 333 of 120 hp With the exception of the wing spars the NL-13 was of all-metal construction the wings being fabric covered

The aircraft was first tested by George Gay in August of 1932 At that time Gay worked for the aeronautics branch of the Civil Aeronautics Administrashytion (CAA) The aircraft was found to be slightly tail-heavy This was cured by a slight stabilizer adjustment The engine also suffered from a slight overshyheating problem This was corrected by enlarging the cooling louvers and subshystituting the original propeller with anshyother type

The NL-13 had a span of 28 feet and a length of 22 feet Apparently the goal of the NL-13 was to obtain a military contract After further testing at Roosshyevelt Field Long Island New York the fuselage of the NL-13 was sold to the United States Army Air Corps and underwent stress evaluation at Wright Field Dayton OhiO in june 1933 After slight modification to some of the stiff-

continued on page 37

Flying to me is all about having fun Its grass strips and old

friends and old airplanes The folks at AUA understand my kind

of flying and my kind of airplanes They provide great service

at very good rates and they know me as an individual not just

a policy number

- Darrell Jenkins

Dan-ell Jenkins Heber Springs AR

bull Private pilot single-engine land and sea

bull 500 hours total shy300 in taildraggers

bull Current aircraft 1948 Ercoupe 415-E

AUA is Vintage Aircraft Association approved To become a member of VAA call 800middot843middot3612

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continued from page 3

EAA Seeks to Preserve Access to Repair Station Services

EAA cautions that proposed aircraft repair station certification regulations could harm many small general aviashytion shops and adversely affect airshycraft owners seeking to maintain the airworthiness of their aircraft

The FAA estimates the cost for deshyveloping and implementing a new quality system called for by the proshyposed regulations at $34500 per reshypair station Many small operations cannot afford such an expense and it could force some to close their doors

We fear that these requirements would ultimately result in diminshyished availability of qualified and experienced maintenance expertise especially for the vintage fleet said Earl Lawrence EAA vice president of industry and regulatory affairs Airshycraft owners could be forced to use maintenance facilities with less speshycialized experience on their aircraft type making it more difficult to comshyplete major repairs and changes to small aircraft potentially impacting safety as well

EAA also questions the feasibility of requiring repair stations to mainshytain an approved capability list for each make series and model of airshycraft its permitted to work on Many small operators often inspect and maintain virtually hundreds of airshycraft types creating an administrashytive nightmare

EAA is willing to discuss how the FAA could best address its quality concerns while ensuring the ownshyers of small aircraft continue to have ready access to repair station services One suggestion EAA proposed is to exempt or lessen requirements for smaller shops with fewer than a given number of employees

EAAs full comments can be found at wwwEAAorgcommunications eaanewsRepa ir_Station_NPRM_Draftpdf The notice of proposed rulemaking is at httpDMSESDOTgovdocimages pdf99431749_webpdf 32 JUNE 2007

Young Eagle 13 Million Hails From New Mexico

Arlene Martinez in the right seat with volunteer Young Eagles pilot Paul Rachels

The EAA Young Eagles program the worlds most successful youth aviation initiative ever has registered the 13-millionth Young Eagle flown She is Arlene Martinez age 12 of Yuma Arizona who took her flight on March 17 at Somerton Airport (54AZ) in a Cessna 170 piloted by Paul Rachels EAA 633950 Rachels is president and Young Eagles coordinator for Yuma EAA Chapter 590

Arlene was very enthusiastic said Rachels who has flown 123 Young Eagles She definitely enjoyed the flight and would like to do it again He always gets a kick out of how kids react to their special flights Its as incredible an experience

for me as it is for them and I have 700 hours of flight time Steve Buss EAA Young Eagles executive director called it another important

milestone for the program which this year marks its 15th anniversary year-the birthday will be marked at AirVenture this year Its wonderful to recognize Paul and Arlenes flight but we also applaud the outstanding continuing support and enthusiasm for Young Eagles by our members We extend our congratulations to all who have helped the program reach this unprecedented level of participation

Nominations Due June 15 for EAA Young Eagles Awards Each year EAA honors several special volunteers at EAA AirVenture with the

annual Young Eagles awards and theres still time to nominate a deserving pershyson for 2007

Nominations for the following awards are being accepted through June 15

bull Chapter Coordinator bull Field Representative bull Ground Support Volunteer bull Young Eagles Humanitarian (presented for efforts to reach special needs

Young Eagles) bull Young Eagles Horizon Award (recognizing efforts to go beyond the basic

Young Eagles flight) Awards will be presented at a special ceremony held at EAA AirVenture Museshy

ums Eagle Hangar on Wednesday July 25 To download the official nomination form visit wwwYoungEaglesorgvolunteersaward_nominationpdf

BY BUCK HILBERT

The very beginning of airworthiness certificates pilot certificates

For many years Ive talked and writshy barnstormers and promote some ten about the beginnings of the Aero order and safety to their flying It had Club of America (ACA) now known one other side effect No record atshyas the National Aeronautic Associashy tempt or air show (or air meet as they tion (NAA) Ive explained how this were called back then) could be staged pioneer era appointed Orville Wright without the approval of the Aero as the chairman of the Contest amp Reshy Club which was affiliated with the cords Board and how a pilot registrashy international governing body the Feshytion program came into being deration Aeronautique Internationale

The World War I pilots returning (FAI) The contestant was required to home were barnstorming and othershy be a member of the Aero Club which wise doing their best to make a living then issued a certification to the pishyin aviation That led to attempts to lot Hence the FAlSporting License register and somehow civilize these old-timers would show was signed by

Certifying Aircraft and Pilots

AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATE IauecI to VIlICElll ASTOR Arw 23 W 26th Sl BYCit shy

m~ts CnltiUs that the Aircraft described below has been Inspected and found AiruIo~ for daylight llyin on AJIlI 0VEIl WUER OKLY

For the Fl)1nA Season of 1922 ~- ~-=l1=~== Cmlampato NJiI~_ _ -- UND ElV1UTEIS~OIlIS Iae

o o-_pmiIyenr3~J__I922 III _ - ~ t

_ _ Mri N=A1fefJ~mATE WAmR AmClWr _ _______ 1 - PQRIlrASRDWTCJN l T bull Y

N_- 01 AlOft to 5 M- 1-1 AJkwL c 9on MuwLOEBDIG AERO ElIGR C~IIoTNo 23-t SodoIH9~iF--__ 0- 30 pr 3 I~ _ 42 PT 6 U __ n 8 Pr _ 2700 4100 II UMIwI 1400 shy_ 130 M _Cd 20000 hlln_H_ 2S_ _ T LIBRRrY I I OBE __ US 32230 __ Do 5 000 - JfAJlJODS JULY 7 1922

Orville Wright It was a requirement of the federal government No federal requirement for a pilots certificate would come into being until the Air Commerce Act gave that authority and responsibility to the Department of Commerce on May 20 1926

In all of the information Ive read on the early days of the ACA later the NAA there was never any menshytion of aircraft standards or airworshythiness certificates I never quesshytioned it and as a matter of fact I never gave it a thought

Then along comes friend and Vinshytage member Mitch Wohl from Barrington Illinois and he drops two books on my desk The first one I picked up was titled A Symbol of Safety This book was first published in 1923 and tells all about the foundshying of the Underwriters Laboratories (UL) Reprinted in 1995 it goes into great detail as to the history of UL I found it very interesting

The second book published on the 100th anniversary of Underwritshyers Laboratories in 1994 amplifies a bit of the material that was pub-

This airworthiness certificate was issued by an Underwriters Laborashytories inspector Maj J W Jones who deemed the Loening Air Yacht of Vincent Astor to be in airworthy condishytion It is restricted to dayligbt flying and over water only Heres a photo of its sister ship from the 1922 Airshycraft Yearbook

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 3 3

Loening monoplane Flying Yacht 100 hp Liberty engine which made a world record for aHitude with three passengers and pilot 19500 feet

lished in the 1923 book Its entire theme is Making the World Safe for Technology What a revelation both regarding the organization s history in general and its involveshyment in aviation

The real beginnings were at the 1893 Worlds Fair at the Great White City in Chicago The Electricity Building had frequent visits by the fire brigade in response to the new alshyternating current electricity displays catching fire and causing problems It was then that William Henry Merrill began his testing lab which proved

electricity could be a servant rather than a master

Our only function is to serve not to profit We are doing someshything for manufacturers buyers and property owners everywhere We are doing things for humanity was a direct quote from Merrill This was the beginning of the lab The lab was funded by corporations that wanted their products tested as well as by the insurance underwriters themselves

From 1893 through 1905 the budshyget expanded from a mere $3000 to more than $300000 During that

The book goes into

great detail

as to physical

standards for

airmen There were

all sorts of tests

for altitude tolerance

fatigue and eyesight

and their standards

specify annual physicals

rAiLW~eeL5

srlINSON 15 JOCII~Y

34 JUNE 2007

time more than 7500 reports were published the lab moved to larger quarters it was chartered in Illinois and the landmark inspection and label service was established Within two years UL inspectors were at work in 67 citshyies UL got into everything electrical fire prevention fire extinguishers automobiles oil and gasses and transportashytion as well Thats where we come in airplanes

When the first commercial airplane takes off here in the USA in the 20s UL registers airplanes certifies pilots and issues the now rather quaint-sounding Rules of the Air

Im getting ahead of the full story but in a nutshell the National Aircraft Underwriters Association proposed and requested UL become the custodian of the official register of all aircraft pilots (other than government pilots) and take full charge of all details connected therewith

UL undertook this branch of the work on July I 1921 The book goes into great detail as to physical stanshy

dards for airmen There were all sorts of tests for altitude tolerance fatigue and eyesight and their standards specify annual physicals

No wonder the early birds were considered supermen The next step was to create a register of commercial and private aircraft On May I 1922 UL began a nationwide inspection service in order to make it possible to issue cershytificates of airworthiness for individual aircraft The details of the inspections and the people employed to conduct them is an early Whos Who in aviation The inspections were very stringent and as demanding for the aircraft as they were for the pilots

And that dear friends is the story of the first airworshythiness certificates They were all issued long before the Department of Commerce became involved and of course long before the creation of the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) and the Federal Aviation Administration

Little by little the freedoms of flight have been whittled down and the myriad of Federal Aviation Regulations we live with came about but here fellow pilots and aircraft owners was the very beginning and it was the insurance people who started it all I(

Over to you (( ~((~

~ Call to order your copies today

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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 35

BY HG FRAUTSCHY

THIS MONTHS MYSTERY PLANE PHOTO IS A BIT OF A MULLIGAN FOR THOSE OF YOU

WHO HAVE ENJOYED L1GHTPLANES FOR A NUMBER OF YEARS STILL NOT MUCH IS PUBLISHED ABOUT THIS RATHER ATTRACTIVE AMPHIBIAN

Send your answer to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box You can also send your response via e-mail Send 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Your answer needs your answer to mysteryplaneeaaorg Be sure to include to be in no later than July 15 for inclusion in the your name city and state in the body of your note and September 2007 issue of Vintage Airplane put I(Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line

MARCH S MYSTERY ANSWER

36 J UN E 2007

nology olph Dope

Heres a little about the March Mystery Plane

The subject Mystery Plane apshypears to be the Longren NL-13 sin 2 X12538 built in 1932 by Albin K Longren (1882-1950) in Kansas City Missouri Longren had been a design consultant for Butler Manushyfacturing Co during the certificashytion of the Butler Blackhawk and built the NL-13 in the Butler facility with help from Butler employees Butler had ceased production by that time in the depths of the Great Depression The NL-13 had an allshy

wing spars and the fabric wing covshyering The engine was a 120-hp Marshytin 333 inve rted inline with four cylinders The X12538 was the only NL-13 built and was not successful in reaching production although it was an ea rly example of formed alushyminum aircraft structures

My information comes from Aeroshyfilescom and from Chuck (Charles E) Lebrechts fine article entitled AK Longren - Pioneer Airman of the West published in American Aviation Historishycal Society Journal Vol26 No4 Winshyter 1981 pp258-270 Lebrechts article gives a great vjew of Longrens career as an aircraft designer and manufacturer

Jack Erickson State College Pennsylvania Other correct answers were reshy

ceived from WaIt House Wichshyita Kansas George Otto Snook Monroe Michigan John Miller Wamego Kansas Cam Bla ze r Leawood Kansas An extensive arshyticle on the airplane and AK Lonshygren written by Wesley Smith is also included in this issue of Vinshytage Airplane

metal airframe except for wooden 1---------------------------------shy

eners and bulkheads the NL-13 fuselage had a safety factor able to absorb 1683g

ahead of the center of gravity (CG) and 11g aft of the CG

This made the fuselage of the NL-13 considerably stronger than that of the Stearman YBT-3 Boeing P-26A Conshysolidated P-30 and Boeing P-12B with which it was compared the YBT-3 having a maximum g-Ioading potential of 109

both fore and aft of the CG While the reshyport recommended the possible adoption of Longrens construction techniques orshyders for the NL-13 were not forthcoming and no further examples were built

With the demise of Butler Longren went to work for himself using a porshytion of the former Butler factory at the Kansas City Municipal Airport In 1933-34 Longren did the initial metal work on the Luscombe Phantom and developed metal-working techniques with his partner Ivan Driggs Plans for opening another aircraft factory were put on hold when Cessn a reopened their Wichita Kansas facility in 1934 for production of the Cessna C-34 Cessna hired Longren as vjce-president a posishy

tion that he held until 1939 when he moved to Torrance California to open the Longren Aircraft Company

While Longren built no further airshycraft he became a successful subconshytractor of prefabricated components for other aircraft manufacturers After the end of World War II Longren sold his company and retired to a 3OOO-acre ranch at Adin Ca lifornia where he passed away due to a heart condition on Nov 19 1950 at age 68

The defini tive Longren article was written by Mr Charles E Lebrecht and was published in the Winter 1981 edishytion of the American Aviation Historical Society Journal (Volume 26 Number 4 pages 258-270) I am indebted to Mr Lebrechts excellent research for the inshyformation in this piece Further informashytion on AK Longren can be found in the pages of Aviation Quarterly (Mace Kenshyneth D Pioneer Airmen ofKansas Volshyume 5 Number 2 Second Quarter 1979 pages 152-163) Mr Maces article is also quite well-written and contains severshyal beautiful photos of Longrens aircraft as well as the 1908 Call Mayfly

VINTAGE A I RPLANE 37

The fo llowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter of information only and does not constishytute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed To submit an event send the information via mail to Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Or e-mail the information to vintageaircrafteaaorg Information should be received four months prior to the event date

JUNE S-IO-Union IL-Poplar Grove Airport Army Wings and Wheels Info Vintage Wings amp Wheels Museum 815-547middot3115 Tom Murray hiwheelsbcglobalnet

JUNE 14-17-St Louis MO-Dauster Flying Field Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) American Waco Club Flymiddotln Info Phil Coulson 269shy624-6490 or rcoulson516cscom www americanwacoclubcom

JUNE 20-2l--Lock Haven PA-William T Piper Memorial Airport (LHV) Sentimental Journey Fly-In Family oriented fly-in featuring antique and classic aircraft of all makes and models especially PIPERS Seminars vendors food camping and entertainment daily Come for the day or the week Call 570-893-4200 or 748shy5123 for more information j3cubkcnet org wwwsentimentaljourneyfly-incom

JUNE 21-24-Mt Vernon Ohio-Wynkoop Airport (6G4) 48th Annual National Waco Club Reunion Check www nationalwacoclubcom for more information and contact information Or email call Andy Heins 937 313 5931 wacoasoaolcom

JUNE 22-24-Gardner KA-Gardner Municipal Airport (K34) Greater KC VAA Chapter 16 Fly-in Contact Kevin Pratt 816-985-3248

JUNE 23-Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

JUNE 30-Chetek WI-The Chetek WI (Y23) 9AM car show craft fair and show a professional horse pull and a water ski show Plenty of food and drink available throughout the day For more info contact Chuck Harrison 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet or Tim Knutson 715-237shy2477 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

JUNE 31-Russellville KY- Russellville-Logan County Airport (4M7) 9th Annual All You Can Eat BarBQ Lunch 1100am - 200pm Rain Date July 5th Aircraft displays skydiving door prizes Everyone welcome For more information eaal165yahoo com wwwangelfirecom ky3 eaal165 Joe Lawrence 270-726-1558

JULY 4-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-llam For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

JULY 6-8--All iance Oh (2Dl)-Taylorcraft and Ohio Aeronca Aviators Fly-In See the airplanes built in Alliance OH amp Middletown

38 JU N E 2007

OH and the people that built them Camping motels food all day fbarberalliancelinkcom 330823-1168 bwmatzllacyahoocom 216 337-5643 httpwwwoaafy-incom see wwwbarberaircraftcom for airport diagrams Breakfast served Sat amp Sun 7AM to 11AM by EM Chapter 82

JULY 14-Zanesville OH-Parr Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

AUGUST 5-Queen City MO-Applegate Airport (15MO) 20th Annual Watermelon Fly-In amp BBQ 2pm til dark Come and see grass roots aviation at its best Info 660-766-2644

AUGUST S-Chetek WI-Southworth Municipal airport (Y23) BBQ Fly-In 1030am Warbird displays antique and unique airplanes antique amp collector car displays and raffles for airplane rides Procedes will be given to local charities Info Chuck Harrison - Office 715-924shy4501 Cell 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet Tim Knutson - Home 715-237-2477 Cell 651-308-2839 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

AUGUST 17-19--McMinnville OR-25th Annual West Coast Travel Air Reunion Come Celebrate the Rebirth of the Travel Air Expected to be the largest gathering of Vintage Travel Airs in recent times Held in conjunction with the Northwest Antique Airplane Club Event Info Bruce McElhoe 559-638-3746

AUGUST 18--Forest Lake MN-(25D)-Airport Fly-in and Open House lOam - 4pm 24shyhour gas and 24-hour grass 3000-foot 31 13 Forest Lake Lions serve brats corn-ltgtn-the-cob and ice cream 100LL is available John Schmidt EM 250021 St Paul Minnesota 651 776 1717

AUGUST IS-I9-Long Island NY- Bayport (23N) Annual Antique Aeroplane Fly-In Old time movies popcorn pig roast flour bomb drop and spot landing contest with the days ending in the in famous Sheep Shagger Baa For more info wwwAACGNY org or email Stuart Bain at Sbain emediaofny com

AUGUST 19-Brookfield WI-Capitol Airport (02C) Ice Cream Social and vintage Aircraft Display VAA Chapter 11 Dean London 262-442-4622

AUGUST 2S-Niles MI-Jerry Tyler Memorial Airport (3TR) VAA Chapter 35 Annual Corn amp Sausage Roast Lunch served 1100am

to 300 pm Rain date on Sunday August 26th Donations of $500 for adults and $300 for children under 12 Contact Len Jansen tripacerlenyahoocom

SEPTEMBER I -Marion IN-Marion Municipal Airport (MZZ) 17th Annual Fly-In Cruise-In 700am until 200pm This annual event features antique classic homebuilt ultralight and warbird aircraft as well as vintage cars trucks motorcycles and tractors An all-you-can-eat Pancake Breakfast is served with all proceeds going to the local Marion High School Marching Band wwwFlylnCruiselncomlnfo Ray Johnson (765) 664-2588 or rjohnson indyrrcom

SEPTEMBER I -Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $2 50 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer Phone (740) 454-7487

SEPTEMBER 2-Mondovi WI-21st Annual Log Cabin Airport Fly-In Doug Ward Owner Operator 715-287-4205 Lunch noon

SEPTEMBER 8-Newark Ohio-NewarkshyHeath Airport (VTA) Annual Fly-In DriveshyIn Breakfast Pancakes and More Young Eagles Flights Vintage Airplanes Classic Cars Tom McFadden 740-587shy2312 email EAA402adelphianet

SEPTEMBER 9-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-12pm For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

SEPTEMBER 21-22- Bartlesville OK-Frank Phillips Field (BVO) 51st Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-In Antiques Classics Light Sport Warbirds Forum Type Clubs Info Charlie Harris 918-622shy8400 wwwtulsafyincom

OCTOBER 5-7-Camden SC-Kershaw County Airport (KCDN) VAA Chapter 3 Fall Fly-In All classes welcome BBQ on field Fri Evening EAA judging all classes Sat Banquet Sat Nite Info Jim Wilson 843-753-7138 or eiwilson homexpresswaynet

OCTOBER 5-7-St Louis MO-Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) The Monocoupe Club Fly-In amp Reunion wwwmonocoupecom

OCTOBER IO-I4-Tuliahoma TN- Beech Birthday Party 2007 Staggerwing Twin Beech 18 Bonanza Baron Beech ownersamp enthusiasts Info 931shy455-1974

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2007 MAJOR FLy-INS

For details on EM Chapter flymiddotins and other local avimiddot ation events visit wwweaaorgjevents

Golden West EAA Regional Ay-In

Yuba County Airport (MYV) Marysville CA

June 29middotJuly 1 2007 wwwGodenWestRynorg

Rocky Mountain EAA Regional AyJn Front Range Airport (FTG) Watkins CO

June 23-24 2007 wwwRMRRorg

Arlington EAA Ay-In

Arlington Municipal Airport (AWO) Arlington WA July 11-15 2007

wwwNWEAAorg

EAA AlrVenture Oshkosh

Something to buy sell or trade Classified Word Ads $550 per 10 words 180 words maximum with boldface

lead-in on first line

Classified Display Ads One column wide (2167 inches) by 1 2 or 3 inches

high at $20 per inch Black and white only and no frequency discounts

Advertising Closing Dates 10th of second month prior to desired issue date

(ie January 10 is the closing date for the March issue) VAA reserves the right

to reject any advertising in conflict with its policies Rates cover one insertion per

issue Classified ads are not accepted via phone Payment must accompany order

Word ads may be sent via fax (920-426-4828) or e-mail (cassadseaaorg) using

credit card payment (all cards accepted) Include name on card complete address

type of card card number and expiration date Make checks payable to EAA

Address advertising correspondence to EAA Publications Classified Ad Manager

PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086

MISCELLANEOUS BABBITT BEARING SERVICE - rod

Wittman Regional Airport (OSH) Oshkosh WI July 23-29 2007 wwwAirVentureorg

EAA Mld-Eastem Regional Ay-In Mansfield Lahm Airport Mansfield OH August 25-26 2007

httpMERR info

Virginia Regional EAA Ay-In

Dinwiddie County Airport (PTB) Petersburg VA October 6-7 2007 wwwVAEAAorg

EAA Southeast Regional Ay-In Middleton Field Airport (GZH) Evergreen AL October 12-14 2007 wwwSERRorg

Copperstate Regional EAA AyJn Casa Grande (Arizona) Municipal Airport (CGZ)

October 25-28 2007 wwwcopperstateorg

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-=-_tI 8015 CONCER

~oNO~Y )JY 13

presented by Ecpse ~1aton n 8lt ford otor col1pa y

Page 10: PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATIONmembers.eaavintage.org/wp...Vol-35-No-6-June-2007.pdf · PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION . ... Flightline Safety Committee and their

Some folks think the Franklin 6A4-165-B3 engine was afactory option at the Aeronca factory for the 15AC Sedan it was no~ as the original STC was issued to Maine Air Service It certainly adds just a litHe more oomph to the performance of this fine 4-place airplane as owner Don Wilson can attesl Wilsons recent beautiful restoration which features seaplane door conversions and the very handy STCd fueling steps supplied by Burls Aircraft Rebuild of Chugiak Alaska Burl holds the Type Certificate for the Sedan and has been steadily adding to the available parts list

___~~~_ __~ for the Sedan

HG FRAUTSCHY PHOTOS

RIGHT William Sharpe from nearby Tampa Florida brought his 1962 Mooney M20C over to Sun nFun for aday or so

Even an altercation with a runway logging truck couldnt keep restorer Gorgeous weather was the norm for nearly every day during this years Sun nFun

and the annual picnic for the Vintage Aircraft area hosted by VAA Chapter 1(Florida Sport Aviation Antique and Classic Association-FSAACA) is always abig hit with the Vintage crowd as you can see by the nearly standingmiddotroom only crowd

VINTAG E AIRPLANE

pilot Jeff Smith of Asheboro North Carolina from Sun nFun with his brilmiddot liant restoration of his 125 hp Temco Globe Swift First purchased by Smith in 1996 hes carefully been restoring and polishing the essentially stock airmiddot plane for the past decade creating abeautiful showplane

9

Bill Scott of Springhill Florida restored his Stinson 108-3 with no intentions of selling it but the new owner Jim Gibson from Polk City FL worked on him for several years before he finally gave in_

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One of tile Inmdreds of volunteers on hand to help put on tile annual spring migration to Florida Bill Wedlund of Jacksonville Florida gives the stop signal to Kennit Sutton of Naples Florida as Kennit taxis in with his turbine DeHavilland Beaver conversion

Ron Haynes brought his lovely Piper Cub to Sun nFun from New Port Richey Florida Parked near the emergency aircraft repair building (thats afork lift behind the Cub) Rons Cub looked like just the ticket for enjoying the Florida air with the window and door open

Kent Pietschs 1942 S-l Interstate Cadet is flown in airshows all over the world (in January he flew in the AI Ain Aerobatic Show at Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates) and is now decorated in the colors of his new sponsor Jelly Belly jellybeans

10 JUNE 2007

An earty Model TA hydro in the air Note the tubular wing tip floats

The story of the Thomas-Morse Aircraft Corporation Part II

BY AL K ELCH

PHOTOS FROM THE WILLIAM T THOMAS JR COLLECTION VIA ROBERT G ELLIOTT

Preface two-part story in two 1960 issues of American Airman exshy1982-The following three-part article on the Thomasshy tensively researched by Frank Strand with a great deal oforigishy

Morse Aircraft Corp although extensively edited and further nal contact with William Thomas Sr researched by me should be credited to Robert C Elliott of Frank had permission to use all ofthe material he had gathshyDaytona Beach Florida who sought out William T Thomas ered to put together one more article specially tailored for VinshyIr still living in Daytona Beach Mr Thomas generously tage Airplane magazine on the Tommy-Morse Scout of World shared pictures and recollections of his father plus some mashy War I fame For the real Tommy buffs it would pay to seek out terial from the personal collections of Paul D Wison one of his extensive two-part story in the American Airman for lune the three original test pilots Robert submitted to me fresh mashy and luly 1960 Frank also did Profile No 68 published by Proshyterial on the earlier portions of the Thomas airplane venture file Publications Ltd PO Box 26 1A North St Leatherhead On researching several older articles I zeroed in on a wonderful Surrey England

In 1913-1914 the attention of the Thomas Aeroplane Company was turned to the development of flying boats following the similar course of Glenn Curtiss The first machine was quite crude with a wooden hull and the top deck covered with canvas powered with a six-cylinder 90-hp

Austro-Daimler engine The developshyment of this phase of Thomas flying boats went through some sleek mashyhogany-hulled versions on to develop the first metal-hulled hydroplane in America Along with the flying boats several interesting types developed including a two-place version of the

same airplane both powered by 90shyhp Austro-Daimler engines In adshydition a single-place monoplane reminiscent of the Bleriot was flown using a 40-hp Maxi-motor This Thomas monoplane proved unsuitshyable for exhibition work

It was about this time another Mr REPRINTED FROM Vintage Airplane AUGUST 1982

VI NTAGE AIRPLANE 11

An early Thomas tractor hydroplane with single float and wing tip floats

Riglrt-side view of a 1916 hydroplane two-place Model B-3 Austro-Daimler powered

A much earlier Thomas hydroplane with a 90-hp Austro-Daimler engine The forward section of the hull had a fabric cover to furnish protection from the spray

With a 90-hp Austro Austro-Daimshyler engine this metal-hulled Thomas hydroplanes fuel tank was located on top of a wing

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12 J U NE 2007

Two Guns White Cap chief of the Blackfoot Indians with pilot Ralph Brown WT Thomas at right The Inmiddot dian brought the whole tribal family to witness the flight Once off the water the chief let out a war whoop to let evmiddot eryone know he was quite pleased

The Brindley Street plant in Ithaca New York about 1915 where the Tmiddot2 and Dmiddot2 tractor planes were built

Thomas was due to be added to the company This gentleman had no relation to the founders of the comshypany but he was destined to change and influence the companys direcshytion substantially Mr B Douglas Thomas became the chief engineer and airplane designer He had an exshycellent aircraft background having previously worked as assistant airshycraft deSigner for Vickers Ltd and later Sopwith Aviation Through simshyilar circumstance he also worked for Glenn Curtiss where he assisted in designing the famous Curtiss Model J tractor and the famous Jenny He also took part with Lt Porte in designing the America the first multiple-engine flying boat built for the purpose of transatlantic flight

Upon being employed by the Thomas Bros Airplane Co B Dougshylas Thomas designed its first successshyful tractor biplane The model was deSignated T-2 and was similar to the Model J Curtiss except for the addi-

Morris Chain Co Ithaca New York a subsidiary of BorgmiddotWarner where WT Thomas eventually merged his interests Mr Morris owned controlmiddot ling interest with WT Thomas as vice president

VINTAGE AIRPLA NE 13

The board room group disshycussing aircraft business Left to right Harold Bliss BD Thomas GeorgeAbel Jerome Freed Mr Morris W T Thomas Raymond Ware BD Thomas was no relation to WT Thomas

Employees of the Thomas Brothers Aeroplane Co Ithaca New York Brindley Street plant

H might be Frank Burn-side standing beside the large trainer at the Thomas School of Aviation near Hhaca New York Note that the ailerons were emshyployed up top wing only Exshyhaust stacks rose from the top of the engine and were attached to pipe which wrapped around both sides of the fuselage WT Thomas flying school was the first Board of Regents Chartered Aviation School in New York State This plane was possishybly a Model 02

14 JUNE 2007

Side profile of an assemshybled Thomas Aero Motor The hand crank was preshy

ferred to swinging the prop on a geared ltwo-to-one)

engine Note the individual cylinder primers beside

spark plugs

tion of two nose skids and the 90-hp Austro-Daimler engine It had a top speed of 83 mph and could climb 3800 feet in 10 minutes carrying a lOOO-pound load The performance of this machine added to the prestige of the companys having hired a new deshySigner and resulted in an order from the British Adshymiralty for 24 Model T-2 airplanes its first sizable order

Wit h two pre v i 0 u s One of 15 Model SH-4 hydroplanes built by Thomas-Morse for the US Navy in about 1916 It moves from Hornell New York and Bath New York

was powered with a 149-hp Sturtevant engine

the brothers looked for a new locashy signed and built a 135-hp geared commissioned in the Royal Flying tion in which to expand Ithaca New engine with the help of designers Corps This brought a number of pishyYork at the southern end of Cayuga GeorgeAbel and Harold Bliss also two lots to the shores of Cayuga Lake as Lake was a natural choice with flat of the founders of this new division World War I gained intensity fields for takeoff and landing and a In 1915 two seaplanes designated The expansion and all of the activishy40-mile-long lake constituting an SH-4 and SH-5 were built for the ties had put considerable financial strain ideal seaplane or flying boat test area Navy and the D-5 tractor plane was on the Thomas companies A refinancshyThis coupled with the cold-weather developed for the Signal Corps Furshy ing was accomplished by merging the ability to fly from the ice resulted in ther development in 1916 resulted in airplane and engine division with the an ideal location production of the SH-4 seaplane and flying school then merging with the

Shortly after the move to Ithaca IS were built for the US Navy Morse Chain Co of Ithaca New York BD Thomas designed a new model With the prestige of not only an Thus the final name that is so wellshytheD-2 tractor biplane This was the airplane company but also a moshy known Thomas-Morse Aircraft Corp first use of the new Thomas entershy tor company and a flying school was born January 31 1917 in time to prise which was to build its own enshy The Thomas School of Aviation was build the famous World War I fighters gines This auxiliary company called picked by the Canadian government To be concluded in next months The Thomas Air Motor Co had de- for pilots who would train to become issue of Vintage Airplane

V I N T AGE AI RPLA NE 15

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There seems to be two distinctly different types of people in the world of little airplanes those who love and adore the Aeronca Chief and those who wouldnt know an Aeronca Chief if they found it floating in their coffee Its not a question of liking it or disliking it because its one of those airplanes that has such a low recognition factor that a relatively

small percentage of the pilot popushylation even knows it exists In some ways thats a good thing because it has helped keep the prices down for those who want a Chief of their own One of those is Danny Poulton of Belshyton South Carolina

The Poultons Chief is not your avshyerage Chief Were all used to seeing the 11AC (65 hp) or the 11CC (85 hp)

-the postwar Super Chief-but theirs is an lIBe Were not sure it ever carshyried a name but maybe we should call it the Not-Quite-Super-Chief It came out of the factory in 1947 with a C8S-8 which meant no provisions for a starter Not a normal one anyway It had a McDowell starter which was a combination of ratcheted sprockets and a lever that worked very much like the pull starter on a lawn mower with the cable going back to a hanshydle in the cockpit By the time Danny bought the airplane as a project in Michigan the starter had long since disappeared In fact everything fireshywall-forward had disappeared But were getting ahead of ourselves

Danny had owned a number of airplanes in the past and in fact had learned to fly while he was still in high school

We had aviation on my moms side of the family he says My unshycle was an airframe and powerplant mechanic (AampP) and a fUll -time corshyporate pilot and he encouraged me

He progressed through a number of airplanes most of them some varishyation of the Piper PA-28 line includshying an Arrow although a 63 C-l72 did follow him home one day

I met Donna and aviation beshycame part of our life he says In fact we were married in a 421 Cessna at five thousand feet over Anderson South Carolina

Danny didnt get into vintage airshyplanes until four years ago with the Chief It was a form of therapy because he was on a crusade to lose weight

I had let myself balloon up to 460 pounds and if I was going to live I had to lose the weight I had two sons Dale and JD and a wonderful wife and I didnt want to lose all of that just beshycause I was overweight So I started looking for an airplane to rebuild as a way to keep myself busy We live on an airpark and we had a great guy Gene Richburg living just down the runshyway from us He was 82 years old at the time and knew everything there was to know about rebuilding airplanes and he volunteered to help me

So Danny launched on two projshyects at the same time both of them

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 17

Danny Poulton holds open the top cowl to reveal the Continental C-SS installation It appears Danny has decided not to trust his Chief mechanical fuel gauges which are known to be troublesome and is using an old standby the wire and cork float gauge so common prior to World War II

In keeping with the restrained nature of Dannys customized Chief a few nice touches such as the upholstered side panels and polished control wheel caps brighten up the otherwise original-looking cabin Look closely and you can see the toe brake pedals on the pilots side of the cockpit Those pedals are seen only on the UBC UCC and lSAC Sedan

The tubular structure of the landing gear is covered with an aluminum fairshying leading to a nicely finished pair of replica fiberglass wheelpants The small cable attached to the trailing edge of the landing gear is a safety cable It was originally installed in case of a failshyure of the originally installed phenolic piston within the oleo strut Later after an airworthiness directive (47-20-02) and Aeronca Service Helps and Hints No 12 required changing the phenoshylic part to one made of aluminum the need for the cable was negated but most owners keep it just in case

monumental The first was to lose weight and the second to find a projshyect that fit his goals and skill levels

I didnt look long and actually found the Chief on eBay It belonged to an AampP in Michigan who had started to rebuild it and then decided to put it up for sale I hadnt done anything like this before so I was reshyally not sure of what I was doing but I hooked up my trailer and headed up to Michigan to buy the Chief That was in July of 2003

What he saw when he got to Michshyigan was enough to encourage him so he loaded it up and brought it back to South Carolina As is always the case however he wouldnt really know what he had until he did a thorshyough inventory back home

The large dorsal fin on the llBC Chief (also used on the UCC) makes identifishycation of the higher-horsepower Chiefs a bit easier

18 JUNE 2007

When we unloaded at home Gene came over and we spread the entire collecshytion of stuff out to see what was missing and what kind of work was going to be needed In general the airshyframe was actually in great shape because the AampP

had already started workshying on it and had finished the major compon ents The wings were more or less complete and fini shed

and the work was beautiful About all th ey needed were the leading edges and to be covered

The fuselag e tubing had been cleaned and painted and most of the fuselage wood was usable too Part of the airplanes condition is probshyably because it had only 400 hours on it and had spent most of its life stored inside somewhere We dont have much of the airplane s history but you could see by looking at the wood and steel that it hadnt been left outside to rot like so many Chiefs have been

When we were done inventorying it we found a lot of missing or unusshyable stuff that I hadn t noticed when picking it up It had no tail wheel or wing struts and the doors were not only the wrong doors but were badly crushed There were no control yokes and all of the logos were missing Same thing for all of the interior upshyholstery boards Plus there was esshysentially nothing firewall-forward I

Its still easy for most of those who h ave restored airplanes to rememshyber what it was like in the days beshyfore computers The dozens of trips to fly-markets the phone calls and the constant surveillance of Trade-ashyPlane were not only aggravating but added a huge amount of time to finshyishing the project Danny came into the Vintage world PC post computer so he was able to take full advantage of cyber searching for parts

Besides buying the airplane on eBay that service proved to be a tershyrific source for some of the rarer parts I needed Among other things thats

Whats in a Model Number By HG Frautschy

The differences between the llBC Chief and the llCC Super Chief are tough to spot but in todays sport pilot market one distinction can spell the

difference between flying one and just owning one

Both airplanes are powered by the Continental C85-8 and both came equipped with the rather clever McDowell starter The McDowell was vilified by

some as being a cheap substitute for an electrical starter but having had one

for years on my Super Chief Id have to say it s one of the neatest inventions

added to the postwar lightplane If treated with respect and used in the way the manufacturer intended it worked perfectly It did have one design weakness

that could have been easily solved but it didnt last long enough on the market to make it that far

The McDowell was activated using a cable with a ball swaged on the end

Because of the way the ball and cable were retained in the starters pulley

sheave the cable would fray and then break just below the ball or an overly

enthusiastic pull on the starter cable would pull the ball right off the end If Mcshy

Dowell had used a small fitting inside the sheeve to allow for a straight pull on

the cable (and if the cable had a ball and shank swaged fitting) Im convinced the McDowell would have been much more popular

It allowed for a lightweight starter to be installed on an airplane intended to be flown by casual travelers who were interested in ease of use and safety

It allowed my wife and her instructor both petite women to independently fly

the airplane without requiring a flip of the prop by someone else As long as

the engine was in good tune and one could reasonably expect the airplane to start when the impulse magneto fired the McDowell was a great way to pul l

the prop through safely

The 11BC and 11CC interiors were similar with a slight edge going to the

llCC for a few interior appointments added to enhance the automobile-like

feel to the cockpit Hap Granier the designer of the interior of all three postwar Aeroncas worked his magic on the Chiefs to give them a small sedan or coupe

feeling Bedford whipcord upholstery and side panels the zebrawood pattern wood-gra in-printed instrument panel and control wheels instead of control

sticks all contributed to that atmosphere

Both the 11CC and 11BC featured a large dorsal fin but the 11CC had a

different elevator stabilizer configuration That fact is sometimes lost on reshy

storers and aircraft modifiers who incorrectly (and illegally) put the earlier

11AC or llBC stab elevator combination on an llCC The 11CC has an aeroshy

dynamically balanced elevator designed to meet the hands-off gliding speed requirements of the then-new CAR 03 regulations Aeronca also had the llCC

certified in the Utility category as well as the Normal category with maximum gross weights of 1 290 and 1 350 pounds respectively That right there is a major difference in the airplanes as they are viewed in the market today The 11BC with a maximum gross weight of 1250 pounds is sport pilot eligible

while the llCC by virtue of its 1350 weight is not Interestingly a few llCC additions made it into the llBC as well Both

Chiefs as well as the four-place Aeronca Sedan shared the same rudder brake pedals with toe brakes instead of the heel brakes seen on the Champ Both feature flight characteristics similar to the Champ with the Chiefs having

the edge when it comes to cross-country flights With a 70-pound baggage alshylowance and up to 23 gallons of fuel on board the Chief is a great traveling machine if you re not in a hurry But when you re flying something as pretty as

a Chief whos in a big hurry

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 1 9

BONNIE KRATZ

He Danny Poultons Aeronca Chief features a custom color scheme that is reminiscent of the original decoration composed by Hap Granier for Aeroncas4012E side-by-side personal airplane

where I~gOt~t~h~e~iiiiiiiiiiibullbullbullbull con- trol yoke covers with the Aeronca logos the ashshytrays the bezels and the air box for the cabin heat I even found the pishytot tube and hand brake on eBay If I would have had to physically search for all of that stuff Id probably still be looking

Wag-Aero came to the rescue in supplying the struts and wing leadshying edges

III was able to use most of the origishynal boot cowl but the original noseshybowl was really bad and was cut for the McDowell starter so I used an STCd fiberglass replacement If I find a good original I may change that

11Th is airplane came out of the facshytory with toe brakes which were with the airplane and I stayed with the mechanical brakes and just installed new pads You dont really need

20 JUNE 2007

brakes on the airshyplane for anything so they work just fine

Danny was planning on flying the airplane a lot and added a venturi so he could run an artificial horizon and added air vent holes

When we were doing the inteshyrior there was no kit available for the headliner so a neighbor Phyllis Dalshyton sewed one up using the original material found on Chiefs That was really tedious Then I made the side panels and covered them with Airtex fabric and had to fabricate a new bagshygage door and make the boards for the seats

The panel had already been cleaned so the wood grain was gone but I decided not to try to put it on I did however make two metal glove

compartments for it The sliding windows were

original to the airplane but the polished prop isnt I just thought it looked betshyter polished

When the airframe was done and ready to be covered Danny went with Poly-Fiber and shot it with Aeroshythane but not in the original colshyors or scheme

IIAirtex had some sample seat covers for the airplane that were inexpensive so I bought them and had the paint mixed to go with the seat covers Also the paint stripes arent original They

mimic the factory scheme but arent exact I should also mention that I had some help with the fabric from Larry and Phyllis Dalton who helped cover the airplane This was my first time and they made it easy

Since Danny had no engine he was starting from scratch in that area The original was a C8S-8 but with his papaerwork he found a Supplemental Type Certificate (STC) that opened interesting new avenues

There was part of an STC in our paperwork that would let me install a -12 engine and that would allow me to have an electric starter which I reshyally wanted The problem was that the STC wasnt complete Plus the -8 mount is

than the shy12 so its not

a plug-andshyplay

change and I

expected some problems

getting the papershywork straightened out

I called the Atshylanta Flight Stanshydards District Office and really

lucked out The Coshylumbia Federal Aviashy

tion Agency (FAA) field examiner came out looked the airplane over and said hed be happy to clean up the paperwork and submit it to Atlanta for me What I thought was going to be a problem turned out to be quite easy

Unfortunately Danny found out that things dont always go easy when restoring an airplane and his headaches came in the form of his first engine

I had two sons

Dale and lD

and a wonderful

wife and 1 didnt

want to lose all of

that just because

1 was overweight

So 1 started

looking for an

airplane to rebuild

as a way to keep

myself busy

I bought a C8S-12 that had been overhauled I had flown it for about 22 hours when one cylinder lost a lot of compression so we pulled the jug When we got inside we found that the rod was just banging around in there and was loose on the crank When we split the case we found the crank was badly scored and a lot of metal had gone through the engine so I had to find another one

The second engine was freshly overhauled by an FAA-certified shop

in 2000 after a prop strike The guy I bought it from was building a homebuilt and

was afraid that the engine was going to sit too long before his

project was completed so he sold it Everything checked out to be perfect and it has been humming along with no problems since day one

We flew the airplane for the first time July I 2006 and I had a local pilot Gary Dalton do the test hop I dont mind telling you that I was nershyvous watching it When I flew it for the first time I had only 10 hours of tailshywheel time Id logged while getting my tail wheel endorsement I was a little nervous then too but everything went beautifully When we flew it it was alshymost exactly three years to the day that we unloaded it from the trailer

When I started I guess I became a little compulsive about working on it Id eat in the hangar work until 10 or 11 every night and sometimes Id wake up in the middle of the night and go out and work on it When Id get home from church on Sunday Id change clothes and go out and get something done Im glad I did it that way because it really helped me with the other problem

In the process of restoring his Chief Danny met several goals The first was finishing and flying his own Chief but the second and more imshyportant was taking control of his life From the time he started the Chief to the time he flew it he lost 230 pounds and added no telling how many years to his life Most people have difficulty committing to just finishing an airshyplane so Danny is to be congratushylated for two jobs well done ~

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 21

~The Bmiddot thof

Creating a classic design BY CHESTER L PEEK PHD

Could you in three months time design and build a new light plane without tools or factory and with very little money Impossible you say But that is just what eG Tayshylor did in the spring of 1936 when he introduced the legendary Taylorshycraft to the aviation world Heres the story

In the last week of December 1935 eG Taylor was confined to his bed ill and completely discourshy

aged Days before he and Bill Piper Hangar at Butler Pennsylvania 1936 Still in use today had signed a legal document that dissolved their troubled partnership For Taylors share of the Taylor Cub company (which was in debt more than $90000) he received approximately $5000 to be paid out in small installments over three years

Byron Shinn knew Taylor well both as a customer and friend In a 1991 letter he describes Taylors situashytion and subsequent events

Back in the 1930s we had a small manufacturing comshypany located in one of the hangars on the Butler Pennsylvashynia airport called The Shinn Devices Company We made aluminum wheels for aircraft 4 bead diameter 700X4 tire and at that time sold them to most of the light aircraft manshyufacturers including the Taylor and Piper organization in Bradford Pennsylvania We had a quite complete machine shop and engineering design business I remember how Taylorcraft got started One very cold winter day probably in December 1935 I drove up to see Taylor in Bradford The roads were terrible ice coated and I almost had several acshycidents When I got there I found Taylor sick in bed and in a very discouraged frame of mind He had just been kicked out of his company by Piper and had little or no money or employment I told him with his abilities as an aircraft deshysigner and builder that he should certainly try to get back in the business and offered to help if I could

I went back to Butler and contacted D Bar Peat who was a promoter a very nice fellow who was running the Butler

Ken SchoHer about 1980 airport I asked if he could raise some money to start Tayshy22 JUNE 2007

TAYLORCRAFT BY C 6 TAYLOR PlmBUR6H-BUTLER AIRPORT BunER PA

STABLE FAST A NEW LIGHT PLANE ECONOMICAL LOWPRICED

First Taylorcraft ad February 1936 Aero Digest

First Taylorcraft specifications Photo is of a model

during the

Depression

you NEVER

left a job

Yet these men

deeply loyal

to Taylor

came with him

to this chancy

new venture Byron Shinn about 1936

TAYLORCRAFT Model A

ATe pendingB_ Span 36 (11 m) Length 22 (67 m) Heicht 6 8 (21 m) Wm area 169 fLgt (156 ml) Power Ioodiaa 2IS IbsJhp (118 kcJho) WioJ Ioadma 58 1bbullJIt (293 kcl) Weicht empty 570 Ibs (259 kg) U falload 420 Ibs (190 kc) Payload 181 lbo (82 kcl Gr weiht m lbo (449kcr Bant I Ibs (5 kg) Fuel 10 gals

~L~~L11t1iLk hp

~~~gtam~~hm~~49 kph) l~ mph (51h ) Semlte laquoiliaC 101000 ft (4260 m) imb per min 400 It (122 tn) Cruig rang 210 mi (371 1aD) ~ F welded eel tubg four JODIeIODS of proareqjve diameters wood faired and fabric conrcd removable maine mouat j streued fot SO hp installamiddot tion Wg two paDdJ bolted to fuselafefabric _ ~ oectioo With eJlipticalJy rOUDded tips JOlid apruce JPlrs

Zplace ATC

metal ribs fabricated from drawn NicraJ secshytions sinclc drag wire bracinc built-up metal frame ailerons fabric COYered and of the balanced type with DO exposed horns

=r~~brTc ~~ai~~~wd~ removable fin elentor and stabiliurs inshyterlthanaeable right or IefL Landing rear =evbsor~ closed~~~es color ocJlulosc finish with trim Two-place flex-wine seat 39 inches ide--by-lide cabin fabric lined and fire-wall sound proofed all control cables and fittinp in the cabin are fully enclosed Baggag compartment 6- X 9- X w- back of seaL

~~6oo-~~bS~ wbeds DuPont Pluticell 1rindJhield rulr her mounted illltrument pampDe1 ~ Aeromarinc altimeter U S 011

~~itfra~~ pass or other instnunmts extra

Carlson and Harold White who were engineers Ken Tibbits and Les Salshychow Parks College graduates along with mechanics Colby Carpenter and William Crawford All these men had good secure jobs with Piper and durshying the Depression you NEVER left a job Yet these men deeply loyal to Taylor came with him to this chancy new venture All would eventually rise to responsible executive posishytions with Taylorcraft

Ken Scholter a local mechanic was hired as a welder Contemposhyrary reports credit him with most of the welding on the new plane Forshytunately he was also an amateur photographer and documented the building process on film He furshynished most of the photos shown in this article

Shinn resumes I When Taylor came to Butler he had very little money we all had very little money at that time I believe he got a small settlement from Piper for his share of the Cub company This was in the depths of the Depresshysion We doled the money out a few dolshylars at a time and started to build the first plane We used our machine shop to make the draw bench to make the rib parts and to make most of the parts jigs and dies that required machining

An engineering department was set up I hired a draftsman when Ray Carlshyson moved down from Bradford Tayshylor and the mechanics would make the parts and then the draftsman would

lor up again in the airplane business He along with Col make the drawings We designed a new wheel for the plane Breckenridge and some others did raise a little money about lightweight and very strong being constructed of an alumishy$1000 as I recall enough to include the building of the jigs num stamping fastened to a cast aluminum end rim Tayshyand fixtures and the first plane We moved Taylor and his lor and I also developed the new tapered axle which was family to Butler rented him a house and started work in a lighter and less costly A new Goodrich tire size 600 x 6 vacant hangar on the Butler airport SeveraL of Taylors men was used from Bradford came with him II The plane was designed and built during the first four

Actually six key Bradford employees left Piper and to five months of 1936 This must have been some sort of joined Taylor in the new enterprise They were Ray record When the plane was finished the test pilot Tibbits

VINTA GE A IR PLANE 23

One day we came to work

to find trucks backed up

to the hangar and Taylor

hauling away all the

Taylorcraft parts Batch of Shinn 800 x 4 wheelsjigs and fixtures

started the test flights First he taxied the plane up and down the runway then flew it the length of the runway just off the ground then made flights a bit higher and finally made circuits The plane flew very well but would not stall The CAA required proper recovery from a stall so Taylor worked on the horizontal tail surfaces so that a stall could be induced and the plane passed the CAA tests

Taylor was a design genius The CAA had just released a new-design wing curve and Taylor was the first I

ffi believe to use it The wing curve was ~ ~ faster and had a soft stall ~ This was the NACA 23012 airfoil z ~ Taylor once told the author that in

Fuselage structure 1935 he built a set of wings for the Cub using that airfoil but Piper veshytoed the change They were hanging on a wall when the Bradford factory burned in 1937

Shinn says I started an advertising campaign beginning with a very small ad in Aero Digest saying IISomething new is coming in Aviation The next ads told a little more People were very enthusiastic about the new plane It was much advanced over the Cub beshying faster with side-by-side seating and wheel controls Before long we had reshyceived down payments from over 50 customers $200 each as I recall This

ffi was due to correspondence with old ~ ~ Taylor Cub dealers and the Aero Dishy~ z gest ad In a 1992 interview Bob UJ

Taylor eGs son confirmed thisWing details He remembered his father waking

24 JUNE 2007

First A-40 run-up May 1936

him up one night in Butler and showing him $10000 in down payments

The first ad appeared in the February issue of Aero Digest and is shown on this page A later ad showed a photo of the plane but since no plane had been comshypleted at that time it was actually a snapshot of a model CG Taylor built on his kitchen table First the new trademark Taylorcraft was used but when Beechcraft threatened legal action claiming Taylorcraft sounded too much like Beechcraft the ads were changed to read Airplanes by GG Taylor However they resumed us-

CG Taylor and a Model ATaylorcraft 1936

ing the Taylorcraft name after sevshyeral months

Shinn continues D Bar Peat was always trying to promote the plane On Sundays they would put on an air show at the Butler airport and 200 to 300 people would atshytend Som e way he got the Taylorshycraft to lead the way when all the planes taxied by the grandstand at the Cleveland Air Races

Meanwhile in the hangar facshytory the prototype plane was beshying rushed to completion but not fast enough to suit Taylor He

once told the author I was away ~ from the plant for three days havshyo ~ ing given instructions to complete sect the engine mount When I returned

it was not done I hung the engine in the right place with a chain hoist we

cut the tubing to (it and it was done in an hour On May 1 the Continental A-40 engine SIN 635

was run up for the first time then on May 8 Taylor signed an application for an experimental certificate Only eight days later on Saturday May 16 CAA inshyspector RA Young witnessed the test flight and issued certificate X-16393 to the first Taylorcraft SIN 25 Apshyproximately three months had elapsed from the time construction was started until the new plane was airshyborne A remarkable achievement

It was a beautiful plane sleek and streamlined a far VINTAGE AIRPLANE 25

Test flight of the first Taylorcraft May 1936

1 rryen~~A1~~~ )~ ~- shyITS A - -=- (=- = --- I FAF

BEAUTY 51495middot00-----shy~GRACEFULLY CONTINENTAL

STREAMLINED - - _ MOTOR

C G TAYL O R bull PlttsburqhmiddotBuUer Airport bull Bu tler Penna

April 1936 ad in Aero Digest

cry from Taylors boxy square-cornered E-2 Cub With side-by-side seating and wheel controls it rivaled much larger more expensive planes such as the Waco and Stinson Weight had been kept to a minimum the proshytotype weighed only 570 pounds It was much faster than the Cub The first prospective customers who flew the plane verified the advertised cruising speed of 80 mph In a race with two locals an Aeronca C-3 and a Kinner Fleet the Taylorcraft won easily

The investors at Butler were elated With nearly 100 orders and down payments received for their new plane they envisioned a rapid production buildup and the prospects of a thriving profitable enterprise Their faith however had been misplaced

Shinn continues But unknown to D Bar Peat and me Taylor had been talking to others about financing and a place to manufacture the plane One day we came to work to find trucks backed up to the hangar and Taylor haulshying away all the Taylorcraft parts jigs and fixtures They moved to Alliance Ohio where they got one years free rent on a large old airplane factory financing and tax breaks D Bar Peat and I retained a lawyer to try to get back our inshyvestment eventually getting back some shares ofTaylorcraft 26 JUNE 2007

stock instead of money And Piper quit buying my wheels and switched to Hayes

Happily Taylor and Shinn soon put their legal difshyferences behind them and remained good friends and business associates for many years

Shinn was not alone in his disappointment when the unexpected move came Scholter was out of a job In 1992 he made this comment They left Butler owing me almost a months pay which I never got But they did give me a very nice letter of recommendation

The Alliance Review newspaper proudly announced the arrival of the new aircraft enterprise in its July 9 1936 edition But that is a story for another day

Authors note When researching my book The Taylorcraft Story in

1992 I was privileged to personally interview four prishymary information sources regarding the Butler Pennshysylvania events eG Taylor Bob Taylor Ken Scholter and Byron Shinn The history above was taken from those interviews and contemporary newspaper articles

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LIN COL N MERCURY

EXTRA The Butler Manufacturing Co NL-I3 biplane

The March 2007 Mystery Plane is the 1932 Butler Manufacturing Co NL-13 biplane designed by Albin Kasper Longren (sometimes simply reshyferred to as the Longren NL-13)

AK Longren had a very long and interesting aviation career Born in a log cabin near Clay Center Kansas in 1882 he was the one of 14 children born to Swedish immigrant homeshystead farmers Charles and Emma Lonshygren In 1901 he took a business course from the International Corresponshydence School (ICS) which he followed up with an ICS diploma in mechanical engineering from 1907-1911

Longrens interest in aviation beshygan with his observations of Henry L Call in 1908 Call originally a New York lawyer author and socialist had moved to Girard Kansas in February of 1908 in order to construct a large and ungainly flying machine powered by two 20-hp Curtiss B-4 engines Known as the Mayfly and The Chicken (among other colorful names) the airshycraft failed to fly despite modification Call enjoyed the support of the nashytional socialist newspaper An Appeal to Reason and constructed several aircraft under the aegis of The Aerial Navigashytion Company of America starting in 1908 before the company changed its name

Beginning in 1911 Call manushyfactured two-cylinder and fourshycylinder horizontally opposed air-cooled engines which h e marshyketed to would-be aviators through

28 JUNE 2007

BY WESLEY SMITH

advertisements (primarily in Aircraft and Fly magazines published by Alshyfred W Lawson of 1920 Lawson Airshyliner fame) The two-cylinder Call was rated at 45 hp and the four-cylshyinder engine was rated at 90 hp Call engines were among the first aircraft engine to be fitted with mufflers an individual muffler being attached to the exhaust port of each cylinder

With his brother EJ Longren and a mechanic named William Janeke Longren constructed a Curtiss-type pusher biplane in Topeka Kansas Beshygun in the summer of 1910 the Toshypeka I was not completed until the fall of 1911 Fitted with a 60-hp Hall-Scott A-2 a water-cooled V-8 the Topeka I became the first successful aircraft to be completed in the state of Kansas Longren made his first flight on Sepshytember 2 and on September 5 1911 he made two flights the first flight reaching about 225 feet in altitude and covering 15 miles and the secshyond reaching about 300 feet and covshyering six miles

Of course Longren was only one of numerous individuals who built Curtiss-type pushers Plans for early Herring-Curtiss machines were pubshylished in Aeronautics and other aviashytion periodicals as well as in books With some individual alterations many such aircraft were built in the United States prior to Americas entry into World War 1

At any rate Longren soon went into the exhibition business with

H Young renaming the Topeka I as the Dixie Flyer The words Dixie Flyer - AK Longren - Aviator were painted on the underside of the Topeka IDishyxie Flyers monoplane canard Between 1911 and 1914 Longren gave 1372 exhibition flights in Kansas Texas Oklahoma Nebraska and Colorado for the Young Aviation Co

In 1912 Longren built a second Curshytiss-type with a Hall-Scott A-2 This airshycraft incorporated the improvements Curtiss had made to his newer aircraft during 1911-1912 and in due course the mid-gap ailerons were moved to the trailing edges of the upper wing This aircraft was sold to Longrens forshymer student and friend Phil Billard who used it to give exhibition flights This aircraft sometimes known as the Topeka II was presented to the Kansas State Historical Society in 1938 where it still exists as a display

In the spring of 1914 Longren took time to marry Ms Dolly Trent Later that winter (1914-1915) Longren built his first entirely original aircraft design - a two-place tractor biplane again seshylecting the reliable Hall-Scott as the powerplant During an exhibition at the Dickson County Fair at Abilene on September 9 1915 the aircraft stalled on takeoff and was destroyed hitting an automobile that was leaving the fairshygrounds Longrens passenger was relashytively unscathed but Longren suffered a broken leg and several internal injuries

While recovering from his injushyries in early 1916 Longren with Phil

Billard began the construction of his fourth aircraft the Model G The Model G was a clean two-place tractor biplane with a strong resemblance to a Curtiss IN-4 In fact it was powered by a Curtiss OX-2 and was intended for sale to the warring European powers However only two were sold one to the Kansas National Guard the other being used for exhibition flights

Late in the year Longren built a small tractor biplane sometimes reshyferred to as the Longren Bus The conshystruction featured a three-ply wooden monocoque fuselage and was built for William Burt of Okmulgee Oklahoma A second machine was constructed for Lester Miller of Dallas Texas who inshytended to use the aircraft for aerobatic exhibitions By late 1917 Longren had moved on to another two-place design known as the Model H As in the case of the earlier Longren Bus the Model H used a wooden monocoque fuselage The Model H was powered by a Curshytiss 90-hp OX-5 engine unfortunately while on his way to Kansas City Misshysouri Longren suffered an engine failshyure near Wakarusa Kansas The aircraft was destroyed in a crash which proved fatal to a cow standing in the field in which Longren was forced down He was made to pay $10000 in restitution to the angry farmer After that interest in the Model H faded away

Late in 1917 Longren became involved with Frederick W Buck MD ME and applied for a posishytion as chief engineer with the Buck Aircraft and Munitions Co of Denshyver To what extent Longren became involved with Dr Buck is unknown Buck (a long with Elmer Sperry and later Charles F Kettering at DaytonshyWright) had plans to develop and sell an aerial torpedo - essentially a small 50-hp biplane cruise misshysile which was intended to fly on a preprogrammed course then shed its wings at the proper time and place depositing a bomb contained within the crude fuselage framework

Longrens career took another path after his debacle with the Model H After failing to establish a new airshycraft company in Overland Park Kansas Longren eventually took a

position at McCook Field as an airshycraft inspector The Great War had cost Longrens friend Phil Billard his life when he was killed in a flying accident while serving in Issoudun France Longrens position at McshyCook had allowed him the opportushynity to examine every domestic and foreign-built aircraft tested there unshytil the time of his departure in 1919 On June 17 1919 Longren formed the Longren Aircraft Corp in Topeka Kansas using a former woolen mill in the Oakland suburb as the site for the new corporation The first aircraft to come out of the plant was the rebuilt Model H now resurrected as the H-2 It is unclear as to how the H-2 differed from the earlier Model H but by midshy1920 Longren had gone in yet another direction with the construction of the two-place Model D-2 - a small aircraft powered by a three-cylinder Y conshyfiguration Lawrence Model B engine of 35-60 hp Within a year the D-2 had evolved to become the Longren Model AK Sport

Described in the pages of Aviashy

tion and Aerial Age Weekly (Volume 11 Number 12 Sept 291921 pages 336-337 and Volume 14 Numshyber 3 Sept 26 1921 pages 55-56 respectively) the two-place Longren Sport or Fibre Sport was a sensational design that incorporated the three-ply laminated wooden monocoque fuseshylage of the 1916 Longren Bus and the 1917 Model H and a set of folding biplane wings to facilitate storage It is unclear as to how the fuselage of the Sport may have differed from earshylier Longren monocoque construcshytion techniques if at all

However a 1925 Longren patent describes the use of diamond-shaped wood fibre shell (procured from the National Fibre Co) being covered with an additional two layers of wood laminations on either side The fushyselage was made in upper and lower halves using steam-pipe-heated conshycrete male and female molds clamped together using 6000 pounds of presshysure The sections were then trimmed and dried with special provision for humidity control before being joined

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 29

to a framework of grooved ash longeshyrons and formers The fuselage formshyers were made of three-ply materials engine-bearing formers were made of a seven-ply material The formers were in turn attached to the fuseshylage shells with screws Finally the fushyselage was varnished inside and out with Valspar varnish the exterior reshyceiving a coat of pigmented varnish before a final clear coat

Sold with both Lawrence Model Lshy2 three-cylinder Y-style and Anzani sixshycylinder radial engines the Longren Fibre Sport was flown in several notashyble Midwestern aviation events during the early 1920s During the American Legion Air Meet at Kansas City (Octoshyber 31 - November 3 1921) the Sport made 38 consecutive loops while being flown by ND Trinler Two Sports were also flown during a special efficiency race held at Omaha Nebraska on Noshyvember 11 An AK Sport again flown by Trinler placed second with a speed of 7791 mph when flown over a 153shymile triangular course Later that Noshyvember two AK Sports were placed at the disposal of the Kansas City Star to deliver newspapers from Kansas City to Lawrence Kansas in record time During a game between the Missouri Tigers and the Kansasjayhawks a teleshygraph wired a play-by-play account of the football game to the Stars office The newspapers were then promptly set printed and delivered via aircraft to the Lawrence street vendors beshyfore departing fans were even able to reach their homes

After establishing a climb record for Longren aircraft in 1922 the Longren Sport attracted the attention of customshyers from as far away as China and the Soviet Union In 1923 the US Navy became interested and on February 19 1924 Lt jB Kneip flew the accepshytance tests for the first of three Lonshygren AK Sports that were sold to the Navy (serial numbered A6745 through A6747) The first machine was shipped to Washington DC for testing at the Anacostia Naval Air Station while the other two were delivered to Pensacola However documentation of their subshysequent testing and use by the Navy remains elusive

30 JUNE 2007

Photos of Longren Sports and the later NL-13 show the distinctive Lonshygren company logo painted on the side of the fuselage and perhaps a few words need to be said about it This consisted of four capital ilLs joined at the top of each letter This formed a crux gammata or swastika although the direction the letters pointed was counter-clockshywise as opposed the symbols use on aircraft flown by Nazi Germany in which the bottom of the ilLs point in a clockwise direction Prior to its adoption by the Nazi Party this ancient symbol was seen as far afield at the Southwestshyern United States where it was a sacred symbol of Native Americans and in Inshydia and in Runic Europe During The Great War the Indian head emblem of Seaplane Pilots Association (SPA) 124 included a crux gammata as part of the headdress worn by the Native Amerishycan chief tan In its time and place it was considered as a symbol of good forshytune and was in no way considered to be an insult In fact after World War I Finland adopted a grayish-blue crux

gammata inscribed within a white circle as the national insignia for its aircraft In Longrens case the ilL was inscribed with a second ilL and the rest of the letters in Longrens surname In addishytion to that a circular logo and was placed at the center of the emblem to which a set of wings and a propeller reached out to a point near the tips of the ilLs So as it turns out the Lonshygren swastika was covered by what might roughly be considered a crux

immissa or crucifix Longren had no connections to fascist idealism The company logo which originated in the Midwest in the early 20s was simply a clever play on the primary letter in Longrens surname

No matter how good an aircraft the Longren Sport was the company could not survive on such limited orders and the last aircraft was sold in May of 1924 The remaining company assets patents and facilities were sold at an auction in March 1926 The Longren Sport was resurrected briefly in 1928 when the American Eagle Aircraft Corporation of Kansas City Missouri built a solitary aircraft as the Model A-429 However the aircraft was much different than the

original Longren Sport and the design was not pursued further Following the collapse of his company Longren was hired by Willis Brown to become viceshypresident of production at the Spartan Aircraft Co in Tulsa When Brown left in 1929 Longren also moved on to beshycome a design consultant at the Butshyler Manufacturing Co at Kansas City Butler had planned to manufacture the Butler Blackhawk biplane However the company was unable to do this and all manufacturing was halted in 1931 At this pOint Longren made a deal to build a new airplane -- the NL-13

Registered as X12538 and sporting the distinctive Longren fuselage logo the NL-13 (NL possibly standing for New Longren) fuselage was built usshying a new machine-forming method for heat-treated duralumin sheets The upper and lower fuselage halves of the 1932 NL-13 biplane were joined to T-shaped longerons and riveted toshygether Fuselage formers also made of liT cross-section were riveted to the halves creating a very strong duralushymin semi-monocoque fuselage Like the earlier Longren AK the NL-13 had twin side-by-side seating The powerplant of the aircraft was a Martin 333 of 120 hp With the exception of the wing spars the NL-13 was of all-metal construction the wings being fabric covered

The aircraft was first tested by George Gay in August of 1932 At that time Gay worked for the aeronautics branch of the Civil Aeronautics Administrashytion (CAA) The aircraft was found to be slightly tail-heavy This was cured by a slight stabilizer adjustment The engine also suffered from a slight overshyheating problem This was corrected by enlarging the cooling louvers and subshystituting the original propeller with anshyother type

The NL-13 had a span of 28 feet and a length of 22 feet Apparently the goal of the NL-13 was to obtain a military contract After further testing at Roosshyevelt Field Long Island New York the fuselage of the NL-13 was sold to the United States Army Air Corps and underwent stress evaluation at Wright Field Dayton OhiO in june 1933 After slight modification to some of the stiff-

continued on page 37

Flying to me is all about having fun Its grass strips and old

friends and old airplanes The folks at AUA understand my kind

of flying and my kind of airplanes They provide great service

at very good rates and they know me as an individual not just

a policy number

- Darrell Jenkins

Dan-ell Jenkins Heber Springs AR

bull Private pilot single-engine land and sea

bull 500 hours total shy300 in taildraggers

bull Current aircraft 1948 Ercoupe 415-E

AUA is Vintage Aircraft Association approved To become a member of VAA call 800middot843middot3612

AUAs Exclusive fAA Vintage AircraftJUsociation Insurance Program

Lower liability and hull premiums - Medical payments induded - Fleet discounts for multiple aircraft carrying all risk coverages

continued from page 3

EAA Seeks to Preserve Access to Repair Station Services

EAA cautions that proposed aircraft repair station certification regulations could harm many small general aviashytion shops and adversely affect airshycraft owners seeking to maintain the airworthiness of their aircraft

The FAA estimates the cost for deshyveloping and implementing a new quality system called for by the proshyposed regulations at $34500 per reshypair station Many small operations cannot afford such an expense and it could force some to close their doors

We fear that these requirements would ultimately result in diminshyished availability of qualified and experienced maintenance expertise especially for the vintage fleet said Earl Lawrence EAA vice president of industry and regulatory affairs Airshycraft owners could be forced to use maintenance facilities with less speshycialized experience on their aircraft type making it more difficult to comshyplete major repairs and changes to small aircraft potentially impacting safety as well

EAA also questions the feasibility of requiring repair stations to mainshytain an approved capability list for each make series and model of airshycraft its permitted to work on Many small operators often inspect and maintain virtually hundreds of airshycraft types creating an administrashytive nightmare

EAA is willing to discuss how the FAA could best address its quality concerns while ensuring the ownshyers of small aircraft continue to have ready access to repair station services One suggestion EAA proposed is to exempt or lessen requirements for smaller shops with fewer than a given number of employees

EAAs full comments can be found at wwwEAAorgcommunications eaanewsRepa ir_Station_NPRM_Draftpdf The notice of proposed rulemaking is at httpDMSESDOTgovdocimages pdf99431749_webpdf 32 JUNE 2007

Young Eagle 13 Million Hails From New Mexico

Arlene Martinez in the right seat with volunteer Young Eagles pilot Paul Rachels

The EAA Young Eagles program the worlds most successful youth aviation initiative ever has registered the 13-millionth Young Eagle flown She is Arlene Martinez age 12 of Yuma Arizona who took her flight on March 17 at Somerton Airport (54AZ) in a Cessna 170 piloted by Paul Rachels EAA 633950 Rachels is president and Young Eagles coordinator for Yuma EAA Chapter 590

Arlene was very enthusiastic said Rachels who has flown 123 Young Eagles She definitely enjoyed the flight and would like to do it again He always gets a kick out of how kids react to their special flights Its as incredible an experience

for me as it is for them and I have 700 hours of flight time Steve Buss EAA Young Eagles executive director called it another important

milestone for the program which this year marks its 15th anniversary year-the birthday will be marked at AirVenture this year Its wonderful to recognize Paul and Arlenes flight but we also applaud the outstanding continuing support and enthusiasm for Young Eagles by our members We extend our congratulations to all who have helped the program reach this unprecedented level of participation

Nominations Due June 15 for EAA Young Eagles Awards Each year EAA honors several special volunteers at EAA AirVenture with the

annual Young Eagles awards and theres still time to nominate a deserving pershyson for 2007

Nominations for the following awards are being accepted through June 15

bull Chapter Coordinator bull Field Representative bull Ground Support Volunteer bull Young Eagles Humanitarian (presented for efforts to reach special needs

Young Eagles) bull Young Eagles Horizon Award (recognizing efforts to go beyond the basic

Young Eagles flight) Awards will be presented at a special ceremony held at EAA AirVenture Museshy

ums Eagle Hangar on Wednesday July 25 To download the official nomination form visit wwwYoungEaglesorgvolunteersaward_nominationpdf

BY BUCK HILBERT

The very beginning of airworthiness certificates pilot certificates

For many years Ive talked and writshy barnstormers and promote some ten about the beginnings of the Aero order and safety to their flying It had Club of America (ACA) now known one other side effect No record atshyas the National Aeronautic Associashy tempt or air show (or air meet as they tion (NAA) Ive explained how this were called back then) could be staged pioneer era appointed Orville Wright without the approval of the Aero as the chairman of the Contest amp Reshy Club which was affiliated with the cords Board and how a pilot registrashy international governing body the Feshytion program came into being deration Aeronautique Internationale

The World War I pilots returning (FAI) The contestant was required to home were barnstorming and othershy be a member of the Aero Club which wise doing their best to make a living then issued a certification to the pishyin aviation That led to attempts to lot Hence the FAlSporting License register and somehow civilize these old-timers would show was signed by

Certifying Aircraft and Pilots

AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATE IauecI to VIlICElll ASTOR Arw 23 W 26th Sl BYCit shy

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_ _ Mri N=A1fefJ~mATE WAmR AmClWr _ _______ 1 - PQRIlrASRDWTCJN l T bull Y

N_- 01 AlOft to 5 M- 1-1 AJkwL c 9on MuwLOEBDIG AERO ElIGR C~IIoTNo 23-t SodoIH9~iF--__ 0- 30 pr 3 I~ _ 42 PT 6 U __ n 8 Pr _ 2700 4100 II UMIwI 1400 shy_ 130 M _Cd 20000 hlln_H_ 2S_ _ T LIBRRrY I I OBE __ US 32230 __ Do 5 000 - JfAJlJODS JULY 7 1922

Orville Wright It was a requirement of the federal government No federal requirement for a pilots certificate would come into being until the Air Commerce Act gave that authority and responsibility to the Department of Commerce on May 20 1926

In all of the information Ive read on the early days of the ACA later the NAA there was never any menshytion of aircraft standards or airworshythiness certificates I never quesshytioned it and as a matter of fact I never gave it a thought

Then along comes friend and Vinshytage member Mitch Wohl from Barrington Illinois and he drops two books on my desk The first one I picked up was titled A Symbol of Safety This book was first published in 1923 and tells all about the foundshying of the Underwriters Laboratories (UL) Reprinted in 1995 it goes into great detail as to the history of UL I found it very interesting

The second book published on the 100th anniversary of Underwritshyers Laboratories in 1994 amplifies a bit of the material that was pub-

This airworthiness certificate was issued by an Underwriters Laborashytories inspector Maj J W Jones who deemed the Loening Air Yacht of Vincent Astor to be in airworthy condishytion It is restricted to dayligbt flying and over water only Heres a photo of its sister ship from the 1922 Airshycraft Yearbook

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 3 3

Loening monoplane Flying Yacht 100 hp Liberty engine which made a world record for aHitude with three passengers and pilot 19500 feet

lished in the 1923 book Its entire theme is Making the World Safe for Technology What a revelation both regarding the organization s history in general and its involveshyment in aviation

The real beginnings were at the 1893 Worlds Fair at the Great White City in Chicago The Electricity Building had frequent visits by the fire brigade in response to the new alshyternating current electricity displays catching fire and causing problems It was then that William Henry Merrill began his testing lab which proved

electricity could be a servant rather than a master

Our only function is to serve not to profit We are doing someshything for manufacturers buyers and property owners everywhere We are doing things for humanity was a direct quote from Merrill This was the beginning of the lab The lab was funded by corporations that wanted their products tested as well as by the insurance underwriters themselves

From 1893 through 1905 the budshyget expanded from a mere $3000 to more than $300000 During that

The book goes into

great detail

as to physical

standards for

airmen There were

all sorts of tests

for altitude tolerance

fatigue and eyesight

and their standards

specify annual physicals

rAiLW~eeL5

srlINSON 15 JOCII~Y

34 JUNE 2007

time more than 7500 reports were published the lab moved to larger quarters it was chartered in Illinois and the landmark inspection and label service was established Within two years UL inspectors were at work in 67 citshyies UL got into everything electrical fire prevention fire extinguishers automobiles oil and gasses and transportashytion as well Thats where we come in airplanes

When the first commercial airplane takes off here in the USA in the 20s UL registers airplanes certifies pilots and issues the now rather quaint-sounding Rules of the Air

Im getting ahead of the full story but in a nutshell the National Aircraft Underwriters Association proposed and requested UL become the custodian of the official register of all aircraft pilots (other than government pilots) and take full charge of all details connected therewith

UL undertook this branch of the work on July I 1921 The book goes into great detail as to physical stanshy

dards for airmen There were all sorts of tests for altitude tolerance fatigue and eyesight and their standards specify annual physicals

No wonder the early birds were considered supermen The next step was to create a register of commercial and private aircraft On May I 1922 UL began a nationwide inspection service in order to make it possible to issue cershytificates of airworthiness for individual aircraft The details of the inspections and the people employed to conduct them is an early Whos Who in aviation The inspections were very stringent and as demanding for the aircraft as they were for the pilots

And that dear friends is the story of the first airworshythiness certificates They were all issued long before the Department of Commerce became involved and of course long before the creation of the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) and the Federal Aviation Administration

Little by little the freedoms of flight have been whittled down and the myriad of Federal Aviation Regulations we live with came about but here fellow pilots and aircraft owners was the very beginning and it was the insurance people who started it all I(

Over to you (( ~((~

~ Call to order your copies today

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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 35

BY HG FRAUTSCHY

THIS MONTHS MYSTERY PLANE PHOTO IS A BIT OF A MULLIGAN FOR THOSE OF YOU

WHO HAVE ENJOYED L1GHTPLANES FOR A NUMBER OF YEARS STILL NOT MUCH IS PUBLISHED ABOUT THIS RATHER ATTRACTIVE AMPHIBIAN

Send your answer to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box You can also send your response via e-mail Send 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Your answer needs your answer to mysteryplaneeaaorg Be sure to include to be in no later than July 15 for inclusion in the your name city and state in the body of your note and September 2007 issue of Vintage Airplane put I(Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line

MARCH S MYSTERY ANSWER

36 J UN E 2007

nology olph Dope

Heres a little about the March Mystery Plane

The subject Mystery Plane apshypears to be the Longren NL-13 sin 2 X12538 built in 1932 by Albin K Longren (1882-1950) in Kansas City Missouri Longren had been a design consultant for Butler Manushyfacturing Co during the certificashytion of the Butler Blackhawk and built the NL-13 in the Butler facility with help from Butler employees Butler had ceased production by that time in the depths of the Great Depression The NL-13 had an allshy

wing spars and the fabric wing covshyering The engine was a 120-hp Marshytin 333 inve rted inline with four cylinders The X12538 was the only NL-13 built and was not successful in reaching production although it was an ea rly example of formed alushyminum aircraft structures

My information comes from Aeroshyfilescom and from Chuck (Charles E) Lebrechts fine article entitled AK Longren - Pioneer Airman of the West published in American Aviation Historishycal Society Journal Vol26 No4 Winshyter 1981 pp258-270 Lebrechts article gives a great vjew of Longrens career as an aircraft designer and manufacturer

Jack Erickson State College Pennsylvania Other correct answers were reshy

ceived from WaIt House Wichshyita Kansas George Otto Snook Monroe Michigan John Miller Wamego Kansas Cam Bla ze r Leawood Kansas An extensive arshyticle on the airplane and AK Lonshygren written by Wesley Smith is also included in this issue of Vinshytage Airplane

metal airframe except for wooden 1---------------------------------shy

eners and bulkheads the NL-13 fuselage had a safety factor able to absorb 1683g

ahead of the center of gravity (CG) and 11g aft of the CG

This made the fuselage of the NL-13 considerably stronger than that of the Stearman YBT-3 Boeing P-26A Conshysolidated P-30 and Boeing P-12B with which it was compared the YBT-3 having a maximum g-Ioading potential of 109

both fore and aft of the CG While the reshyport recommended the possible adoption of Longrens construction techniques orshyders for the NL-13 were not forthcoming and no further examples were built

With the demise of Butler Longren went to work for himself using a porshytion of the former Butler factory at the Kansas City Municipal Airport In 1933-34 Longren did the initial metal work on the Luscombe Phantom and developed metal-working techniques with his partner Ivan Driggs Plans for opening another aircraft factory were put on hold when Cessn a reopened their Wichita Kansas facility in 1934 for production of the Cessna C-34 Cessna hired Longren as vjce-president a posishy

tion that he held until 1939 when he moved to Torrance California to open the Longren Aircraft Company

While Longren built no further airshycraft he became a successful subconshytractor of prefabricated components for other aircraft manufacturers After the end of World War II Longren sold his company and retired to a 3OOO-acre ranch at Adin Ca lifornia where he passed away due to a heart condition on Nov 19 1950 at age 68

The defini tive Longren article was written by Mr Charles E Lebrecht and was published in the Winter 1981 edishytion of the American Aviation Historical Society Journal (Volume 26 Number 4 pages 258-270) I am indebted to Mr Lebrechts excellent research for the inshyformation in this piece Further informashytion on AK Longren can be found in the pages of Aviation Quarterly (Mace Kenshyneth D Pioneer Airmen ofKansas Volshyume 5 Number 2 Second Quarter 1979 pages 152-163) Mr Maces article is also quite well-written and contains severshyal beautiful photos of Longrens aircraft as well as the 1908 Call Mayfly

VINTAGE A I RPLANE 37

The fo llowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter of information only and does not constishytute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed To submit an event send the information via mail to Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Or e-mail the information to vintageaircrafteaaorg Information should be received four months prior to the event date

JUNE S-IO-Union IL-Poplar Grove Airport Army Wings and Wheels Info Vintage Wings amp Wheels Museum 815-547middot3115 Tom Murray hiwheelsbcglobalnet

JUNE 14-17-St Louis MO-Dauster Flying Field Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) American Waco Club Flymiddotln Info Phil Coulson 269shy624-6490 or rcoulson516cscom www americanwacoclubcom

JUNE 20-2l--Lock Haven PA-William T Piper Memorial Airport (LHV) Sentimental Journey Fly-In Family oriented fly-in featuring antique and classic aircraft of all makes and models especially PIPERS Seminars vendors food camping and entertainment daily Come for the day or the week Call 570-893-4200 or 748shy5123 for more information j3cubkcnet org wwwsentimentaljourneyfly-incom

JUNE 21-24-Mt Vernon Ohio-Wynkoop Airport (6G4) 48th Annual National Waco Club Reunion Check www nationalwacoclubcom for more information and contact information Or email call Andy Heins 937 313 5931 wacoasoaolcom

JUNE 22-24-Gardner KA-Gardner Municipal Airport (K34) Greater KC VAA Chapter 16 Fly-in Contact Kevin Pratt 816-985-3248

JUNE 23-Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

JUNE 30-Chetek WI-The Chetek WI (Y23) 9AM car show craft fair and show a professional horse pull and a water ski show Plenty of food and drink available throughout the day For more info contact Chuck Harrison 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet or Tim Knutson 715-237shy2477 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

JUNE 31-Russellville KY- Russellville-Logan County Airport (4M7) 9th Annual All You Can Eat BarBQ Lunch 1100am - 200pm Rain Date July 5th Aircraft displays skydiving door prizes Everyone welcome For more information eaal165yahoo com wwwangelfirecom ky3 eaal165 Joe Lawrence 270-726-1558

JULY 4-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-llam For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

JULY 6-8--All iance Oh (2Dl)-Taylorcraft and Ohio Aeronca Aviators Fly-In See the airplanes built in Alliance OH amp Middletown

38 JU N E 2007

OH and the people that built them Camping motels food all day fbarberalliancelinkcom 330823-1168 bwmatzllacyahoocom 216 337-5643 httpwwwoaafy-incom see wwwbarberaircraftcom for airport diagrams Breakfast served Sat amp Sun 7AM to 11AM by EM Chapter 82

JULY 14-Zanesville OH-Parr Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

AUGUST 5-Queen City MO-Applegate Airport (15MO) 20th Annual Watermelon Fly-In amp BBQ 2pm til dark Come and see grass roots aviation at its best Info 660-766-2644

AUGUST S-Chetek WI-Southworth Municipal airport (Y23) BBQ Fly-In 1030am Warbird displays antique and unique airplanes antique amp collector car displays and raffles for airplane rides Procedes will be given to local charities Info Chuck Harrison - Office 715-924shy4501 Cell 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet Tim Knutson - Home 715-237-2477 Cell 651-308-2839 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

AUGUST 17-19--McMinnville OR-25th Annual West Coast Travel Air Reunion Come Celebrate the Rebirth of the Travel Air Expected to be the largest gathering of Vintage Travel Airs in recent times Held in conjunction with the Northwest Antique Airplane Club Event Info Bruce McElhoe 559-638-3746

AUGUST 18--Forest Lake MN-(25D)-Airport Fly-in and Open House lOam - 4pm 24shyhour gas and 24-hour grass 3000-foot 31 13 Forest Lake Lions serve brats corn-ltgtn-the-cob and ice cream 100LL is available John Schmidt EM 250021 St Paul Minnesota 651 776 1717

AUGUST IS-I9-Long Island NY- Bayport (23N) Annual Antique Aeroplane Fly-In Old time movies popcorn pig roast flour bomb drop and spot landing contest with the days ending in the in famous Sheep Shagger Baa For more info wwwAACGNY org or email Stuart Bain at Sbain emediaofny com

AUGUST 19-Brookfield WI-Capitol Airport (02C) Ice Cream Social and vintage Aircraft Display VAA Chapter 11 Dean London 262-442-4622

AUGUST 2S-Niles MI-Jerry Tyler Memorial Airport (3TR) VAA Chapter 35 Annual Corn amp Sausage Roast Lunch served 1100am

to 300 pm Rain date on Sunday August 26th Donations of $500 for adults and $300 for children under 12 Contact Len Jansen tripacerlenyahoocom

SEPTEMBER I -Marion IN-Marion Municipal Airport (MZZ) 17th Annual Fly-In Cruise-In 700am until 200pm This annual event features antique classic homebuilt ultralight and warbird aircraft as well as vintage cars trucks motorcycles and tractors An all-you-can-eat Pancake Breakfast is served with all proceeds going to the local Marion High School Marching Band wwwFlylnCruiselncomlnfo Ray Johnson (765) 664-2588 or rjohnson indyrrcom

SEPTEMBER I -Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $2 50 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer Phone (740) 454-7487

SEPTEMBER 2-Mondovi WI-21st Annual Log Cabin Airport Fly-In Doug Ward Owner Operator 715-287-4205 Lunch noon

SEPTEMBER 8-Newark Ohio-NewarkshyHeath Airport (VTA) Annual Fly-In DriveshyIn Breakfast Pancakes and More Young Eagles Flights Vintage Airplanes Classic Cars Tom McFadden 740-587shy2312 email EAA402adelphianet

SEPTEMBER 9-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-12pm For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

SEPTEMBER 21-22- Bartlesville OK-Frank Phillips Field (BVO) 51st Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-In Antiques Classics Light Sport Warbirds Forum Type Clubs Info Charlie Harris 918-622shy8400 wwwtulsafyincom

OCTOBER 5-7-Camden SC-Kershaw County Airport (KCDN) VAA Chapter 3 Fall Fly-In All classes welcome BBQ on field Fri Evening EAA judging all classes Sat Banquet Sat Nite Info Jim Wilson 843-753-7138 or eiwilson homexpresswaynet

OCTOBER 5-7-St Louis MO-Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) The Monocoupe Club Fly-In amp Reunion wwwmonocoupecom

OCTOBER IO-I4-Tuliahoma TN- Beech Birthday Party 2007 Staggerwing Twin Beech 18 Bonanza Baron Beech ownersamp enthusiasts Info 931shy455-1974

Your One STOP Quality Shop Hook up air hose from your compressor Add Glass Beads or otherabrasiveAim powergun 1-888-388-8803 (included) at part and remove 1-780-447-5955 rust paint and scale

Exhaust Systems FAST WORKS GREAT Abrasive recycles 22d 34w Carb Air Boxes 2012h work area22 ga steel14 Structural Assemblies ga steel legs Requires 7 Clamps amp Hardware cfm 80 psi amp shop Round Engine Exhausts

Engine Mounts Fuel Cells Heaters

All Make amp Models wwwacomweldlngcom

2007 MAJOR FLy-INS

For details on EM Chapter flymiddotins and other local avimiddot ation events visit wwweaaorgjevents

Golden West EAA Regional Ay-In

Yuba County Airport (MYV) Marysville CA

June 29middotJuly 1 2007 wwwGodenWestRynorg

Rocky Mountain EAA Regional AyJn Front Range Airport (FTG) Watkins CO

June 23-24 2007 wwwRMRRorg

Arlington EAA Ay-In

Arlington Municipal Airport (AWO) Arlington WA July 11-15 2007

wwwNWEAAorg

EAA AlrVenture Oshkosh

Something to buy sell or trade Classified Word Ads $550 per 10 words 180 words maximum with boldface

lead-in on first line

Classified Display Ads One column wide (2167 inches) by 1 2 or 3 inches

high at $20 per inch Black and white only and no frequency discounts

Advertising Closing Dates 10th of second month prior to desired issue date

(ie January 10 is the closing date for the March issue) VAA reserves the right

to reject any advertising in conflict with its policies Rates cover one insertion per

issue Classified ads are not accepted via phone Payment must accompany order

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Address advertising correspondence to EAA Publications Classified Ad Manager

PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086

MISCELLANEOUS BABBITT BEARING SERVICE - rod

Wittman Regional Airport (OSH) Oshkosh WI July 23-29 2007 wwwAirVentureorg

EAA Mld-Eastem Regional Ay-In Mansfield Lahm Airport Mansfield OH August 25-26 2007

httpMERR info

Virginia Regional EAA Ay-In

Dinwiddie County Airport (PTB) Petersburg VA October 6-7 2007 wwwVAEAAorg

EAA Southeast Regional Ay-In Middleton Field Airport (GZH) Evergreen AL October 12-14 2007 wwwSERRorg

Copperstate Regional EAA AyJn Casa Grande (Arizona) Municipal Airport (CGZ)

October 25-28 2007 wwwcopperstateorg

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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 39

VINTAGE AIRCRAFT

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40 JUNE 2007

-=-_tI 8015 CONCER

~oNO~Y )JY 13

presented by Ecpse ~1aton n 8lt ford otor col1pa y

Page 11: PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATIONmembers.eaavintage.org/wp...Vol-35-No-6-June-2007.pdf · PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION . ... Flightline Safety Committee and their

Bill Scott of Springhill Florida restored his Stinson 108-3 with no intentions of selling it but the new owner Jim Gibson from Polk City FL worked on him for several years before he finally gave in_

-- -- - I

--- ~ ~ -- ~ ---1shy

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One of tile Inmdreds of volunteers on hand to help put on tile annual spring migration to Florida Bill Wedlund of Jacksonville Florida gives the stop signal to Kennit Sutton of Naples Florida as Kennit taxis in with his turbine DeHavilland Beaver conversion

Ron Haynes brought his lovely Piper Cub to Sun nFun from New Port Richey Florida Parked near the emergency aircraft repair building (thats afork lift behind the Cub) Rons Cub looked like just the ticket for enjoying the Florida air with the window and door open

Kent Pietschs 1942 S-l Interstate Cadet is flown in airshows all over the world (in January he flew in the AI Ain Aerobatic Show at Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates) and is now decorated in the colors of his new sponsor Jelly Belly jellybeans

10 JUNE 2007

An earty Model TA hydro in the air Note the tubular wing tip floats

The story of the Thomas-Morse Aircraft Corporation Part II

BY AL K ELCH

PHOTOS FROM THE WILLIAM T THOMAS JR COLLECTION VIA ROBERT G ELLIOTT

Preface two-part story in two 1960 issues of American Airman exshy1982-The following three-part article on the Thomasshy tensively researched by Frank Strand with a great deal oforigishy

Morse Aircraft Corp although extensively edited and further nal contact with William Thomas Sr researched by me should be credited to Robert C Elliott of Frank had permission to use all ofthe material he had gathshyDaytona Beach Florida who sought out William T Thomas ered to put together one more article specially tailored for VinshyIr still living in Daytona Beach Mr Thomas generously tage Airplane magazine on the Tommy-Morse Scout of World shared pictures and recollections of his father plus some mashy War I fame For the real Tommy buffs it would pay to seek out terial from the personal collections of Paul D Wison one of his extensive two-part story in the American Airman for lune the three original test pilots Robert submitted to me fresh mashy and luly 1960 Frank also did Profile No 68 published by Proshyterial on the earlier portions of the Thomas airplane venture file Publications Ltd PO Box 26 1A North St Leatherhead On researching several older articles I zeroed in on a wonderful Surrey England

In 1913-1914 the attention of the Thomas Aeroplane Company was turned to the development of flying boats following the similar course of Glenn Curtiss The first machine was quite crude with a wooden hull and the top deck covered with canvas powered with a six-cylinder 90-hp

Austro-Daimler engine The developshyment of this phase of Thomas flying boats went through some sleek mashyhogany-hulled versions on to develop the first metal-hulled hydroplane in America Along with the flying boats several interesting types developed including a two-place version of the

same airplane both powered by 90shyhp Austro-Daimler engines In adshydition a single-place monoplane reminiscent of the Bleriot was flown using a 40-hp Maxi-motor This Thomas monoplane proved unsuitshyable for exhibition work

It was about this time another Mr REPRINTED FROM Vintage Airplane AUGUST 1982

VI NTAGE AIRPLANE 11

An early Thomas tractor hydroplane with single float and wing tip floats

Riglrt-side view of a 1916 hydroplane two-place Model B-3 Austro-Daimler powered

A much earlier Thomas hydroplane with a 90-hp Austro-Daimler engine The forward section of the hull had a fabric cover to furnish protection from the spray

With a 90-hp Austro Austro-Daimshyler engine this metal-hulled Thomas hydroplanes fuel tank was located on top of a wing

~ t J 4 bull i

bull

~r -9shy bull r 0middot -

12 J U NE 2007

Two Guns White Cap chief of the Blackfoot Indians with pilot Ralph Brown WT Thomas at right The Inmiddot dian brought the whole tribal family to witness the flight Once off the water the chief let out a war whoop to let evmiddot eryone know he was quite pleased

The Brindley Street plant in Ithaca New York about 1915 where the Tmiddot2 and Dmiddot2 tractor planes were built

Thomas was due to be added to the company This gentleman had no relation to the founders of the comshypany but he was destined to change and influence the companys direcshytion substantially Mr B Douglas Thomas became the chief engineer and airplane designer He had an exshycellent aircraft background having previously worked as assistant airshycraft deSigner for Vickers Ltd and later Sopwith Aviation Through simshyilar circumstance he also worked for Glenn Curtiss where he assisted in designing the famous Curtiss Model J tractor and the famous Jenny He also took part with Lt Porte in designing the America the first multiple-engine flying boat built for the purpose of transatlantic flight

Upon being employed by the Thomas Bros Airplane Co B Dougshylas Thomas designed its first successshyful tractor biplane The model was deSignated T-2 and was similar to the Model J Curtiss except for the addi-

Morris Chain Co Ithaca New York a subsidiary of BorgmiddotWarner where WT Thomas eventually merged his interests Mr Morris owned controlmiddot ling interest with WT Thomas as vice president

VINTAGE AIRPLA NE 13

The board room group disshycussing aircraft business Left to right Harold Bliss BD Thomas GeorgeAbel Jerome Freed Mr Morris W T Thomas Raymond Ware BD Thomas was no relation to WT Thomas

Employees of the Thomas Brothers Aeroplane Co Ithaca New York Brindley Street plant

H might be Frank Burn-side standing beside the large trainer at the Thomas School of Aviation near Hhaca New York Note that the ailerons were emshyployed up top wing only Exshyhaust stacks rose from the top of the engine and were attached to pipe which wrapped around both sides of the fuselage WT Thomas flying school was the first Board of Regents Chartered Aviation School in New York State This plane was possishybly a Model 02

14 JUNE 2007

Side profile of an assemshybled Thomas Aero Motor The hand crank was preshy

ferred to swinging the prop on a geared ltwo-to-one)

engine Note the individual cylinder primers beside

spark plugs

tion of two nose skids and the 90-hp Austro-Daimler engine It had a top speed of 83 mph and could climb 3800 feet in 10 minutes carrying a lOOO-pound load The performance of this machine added to the prestige of the companys having hired a new deshySigner and resulted in an order from the British Adshymiralty for 24 Model T-2 airplanes its first sizable order

Wit h two pre v i 0 u s One of 15 Model SH-4 hydroplanes built by Thomas-Morse for the US Navy in about 1916 It moves from Hornell New York and Bath New York

was powered with a 149-hp Sturtevant engine

the brothers looked for a new locashy signed and built a 135-hp geared commissioned in the Royal Flying tion in which to expand Ithaca New engine with the help of designers Corps This brought a number of pishyYork at the southern end of Cayuga GeorgeAbel and Harold Bliss also two lots to the shores of Cayuga Lake as Lake was a natural choice with flat of the founders of this new division World War I gained intensity fields for takeoff and landing and a In 1915 two seaplanes designated The expansion and all of the activishy40-mile-long lake constituting an SH-4 and SH-5 were built for the ties had put considerable financial strain ideal seaplane or flying boat test area Navy and the D-5 tractor plane was on the Thomas companies A refinancshyThis coupled with the cold-weather developed for the Signal Corps Furshy ing was accomplished by merging the ability to fly from the ice resulted in ther development in 1916 resulted in airplane and engine division with the an ideal location production of the SH-4 seaplane and flying school then merging with the

Shortly after the move to Ithaca IS were built for the US Navy Morse Chain Co of Ithaca New York BD Thomas designed a new model With the prestige of not only an Thus the final name that is so wellshytheD-2 tractor biplane This was the airplane company but also a moshy known Thomas-Morse Aircraft Corp first use of the new Thomas entershy tor company and a flying school was born January 31 1917 in time to prise which was to build its own enshy The Thomas School of Aviation was build the famous World War I fighters gines This auxiliary company called picked by the Canadian government To be concluded in next months The Thomas Air Motor Co had de- for pilots who would train to become issue of Vintage Airplane

V I N T AGE AI RPLA NE 15

L0023Nnr 9l

bull SIAIWel uO~lnod all~

There seems to be two distinctly different types of people in the world of little airplanes those who love and adore the Aeronca Chief and those who wouldnt know an Aeronca Chief if they found it floating in their coffee Its not a question of liking it or disliking it because its one of those airplanes that has such a low recognition factor that a relatively

small percentage of the pilot popushylation even knows it exists In some ways thats a good thing because it has helped keep the prices down for those who want a Chief of their own One of those is Danny Poulton of Belshyton South Carolina

The Poultons Chief is not your avshyerage Chief Were all used to seeing the 11AC (65 hp) or the 11CC (85 hp)

-the postwar Super Chief-but theirs is an lIBe Were not sure it ever carshyried a name but maybe we should call it the Not-Quite-Super-Chief It came out of the factory in 1947 with a C8S-8 which meant no provisions for a starter Not a normal one anyway It had a McDowell starter which was a combination of ratcheted sprockets and a lever that worked very much like the pull starter on a lawn mower with the cable going back to a hanshydle in the cockpit By the time Danny bought the airplane as a project in Michigan the starter had long since disappeared In fact everything fireshywall-forward had disappeared But were getting ahead of ourselves

Danny had owned a number of airplanes in the past and in fact had learned to fly while he was still in high school

We had aviation on my moms side of the family he says My unshycle was an airframe and powerplant mechanic (AampP) and a fUll -time corshyporate pilot and he encouraged me

He progressed through a number of airplanes most of them some varishyation of the Piper PA-28 line includshying an Arrow although a 63 C-l72 did follow him home one day

I met Donna and aviation beshycame part of our life he says In fact we were married in a 421 Cessna at five thousand feet over Anderson South Carolina

Danny didnt get into vintage airshyplanes until four years ago with the Chief It was a form of therapy because he was on a crusade to lose weight

I had let myself balloon up to 460 pounds and if I was going to live I had to lose the weight I had two sons Dale and JD and a wonderful wife and I didnt want to lose all of that just beshycause I was overweight So I started looking for an airplane to rebuild as a way to keep myself busy We live on an airpark and we had a great guy Gene Richburg living just down the runshyway from us He was 82 years old at the time and knew everything there was to know about rebuilding airplanes and he volunteered to help me

So Danny launched on two projshyects at the same time both of them

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 17

Danny Poulton holds open the top cowl to reveal the Continental C-SS installation It appears Danny has decided not to trust his Chief mechanical fuel gauges which are known to be troublesome and is using an old standby the wire and cork float gauge so common prior to World War II

In keeping with the restrained nature of Dannys customized Chief a few nice touches such as the upholstered side panels and polished control wheel caps brighten up the otherwise original-looking cabin Look closely and you can see the toe brake pedals on the pilots side of the cockpit Those pedals are seen only on the UBC UCC and lSAC Sedan

The tubular structure of the landing gear is covered with an aluminum fairshying leading to a nicely finished pair of replica fiberglass wheelpants The small cable attached to the trailing edge of the landing gear is a safety cable It was originally installed in case of a failshyure of the originally installed phenolic piston within the oleo strut Later after an airworthiness directive (47-20-02) and Aeronca Service Helps and Hints No 12 required changing the phenoshylic part to one made of aluminum the need for the cable was negated but most owners keep it just in case

monumental The first was to lose weight and the second to find a projshyect that fit his goals and skill levels

I didnt look long and actually found the Chief on eBay It belonged to an AampP in Michigan who had started to rebuild it and then decided to put it up for sale I hadnt done anything like this before so I was reshyally not sure of what I was doing but I hooked up my trailer and headed up to Michigan to buy the Chief That was in July of 2003

What he saw when he got to Michshyigan was enough to encourage him so he loaded it up and brought it back to South Carolina As is always the case however he wouldnt really know what he had until he did a thorshyough inventory back home

The large dorsal fin on the llBC Chief (also used on the UCC) makes identifishycation of the higher-horsepower Chiefs a bit easier

18 JUNE 2007

When we unloaded at home Gene came over and we spread the entire collecshytion of stuff out to see what was missing and what kind of work was going to be needed In general the airshyframe was actually in great shape because the AampP

had already started workshying on it and had finished the major compon ents The wings were more or less complete and fini shed

and the work was beautiful About all th ey needed were the leading edges and to be covered

The fuselag e tubing had been cleaned and painted and most of the fuselage wood was usable too Part of the airplanes condition is probshyably because it had only 400 hours on it and had spent most of its life stored inside somewhere We dont have much of the airplane s history but you could see by looking at the wood and steel that it hadnt been left outside to rot like so many Chiefs have been

When we were done inventorying it we found a lot of missing or unusshyable stuff that I hadn t noticed when picking it up It had no tail wheel or wing struts and the doors were not only the wrong doors but were badly crushed There were no control yokes and all of the logos were missing Same thing for all of the interior upshyholstery boards Plus there was esshysentially nothing firewall-forward I

Its still easy for most of those who h ave restored airplanes to rememshyber what it was like in the days beshyfore computers The dozens of trips to fly-markets the phone calls and the constant surveillance of Trade-ashyPlane were not only aggravating but added a huge amount of time to finshyishing the project Danny came into the Vintage world PC post computer so he was able to take full advantage of cyber searching for parts

Besides buying the airplane on eBay that service proved to be a tershyrific source for some of the rarer parts I needed Among other things thats

Whats in a Model Number By HG Frautschy

The differences between the llBC Chief and the llCC Super Chief are tough to spot but in todays sport pilot market one distinction can spell the

difference between flying one and just owning one

Both airplanes are powered by the Continental C85-8 and both came equipped with the rather clever McDowell starter The McDowell was vilified by

some as being a cheap substitute for an electrical starter but having had one

for years on my Super Chief Id have to say it s one of the neatest inventions

added to the postwar lightplane If treated with respect and used in the way the manufacturer intended it worked perfectly It did have one design weakness

that could have been easily solved but it didnt last long enough on the market to make it that far

The McDowell was activated using a cable with a ball swaged on the end

Because of the way the ball and cable were retained in the starters pulley

sheave the cable would fray and then break just below the ball or an overly

enthusiastic pull on the starter cable would pull the ball right off the end If Mcshy

Dowell had used a small fitting inside the sheeve to allow for a straight pull on

the cable (and if the cable had a ball and shank swaged fitting) Im convinced the McDowell would have been much more popular

It allowed for a lightweight starter to be installed on an airplane intended to be flown by casual travelers who were interested in ease of use and safety

It allowed my wife and her instructor both petite women to independently fly

the airplane without requiring a flip of the prop by someone else As long as

the engine was in good tune and one could reasonably expect the airplane to start when the impulse magneto fired the McDowell was a great way to pul l

the prop through safely

The 11BC and 11CC interiors were similar with a slight edge going to the

llCC for a few interior appointments added to enhance the automobile-like

feel to the cockpit Hap Granier the designer of the interior of all three postwar Aeroncas worked his magic on the Chiefs to give them a small sedan or coupe

feeling Bedford whipcord upholstery and side panels the zebrawood pattern wood-gra in-printed instrument panel and control wheels instead of control

sticks all contributed to that atmosphere

Both the 11CC and 11BC featured a large dorsal fin but the 11CC had a

different elevator stabilizer configuration That fact is sometimes lost on reshy

storers and aircraft modifiers who incorrectly (and illegally) put the earlier

11AC or llBC stab elevator combination on an llCC The 11CC has an aeroshy

dynamically balanced elevator designed to meet the hands-off gliding speed requirements of the then-new CAR 03 regulations Aeronca also had the llCC

certified in the Utility category as well as the Normal category with maximum gross weights of 1 290 and 1 350 pounds respectively That right there is a major difference in the airplanes as they are viewed in the market today The 11BC with a maximum gross weight of 1250 pounds is sport pilot eligible

while the llCC by virtue of its 1350 weight is not Interestingly a few llCC additions made it into the llBC as well Both

Chiefs as well as the four-place Aeronca Sedan shared the same rudder brake pedals with toe brakes instead of the heel brakes seen on the Champ Both feature flight characteristics similar to the Champ with the Chiefs having

the edge when it comes to cross-country flights With a 70-pound baggage alshylowance and up to 23 gallons of fuel on board the Chief is a great traveling machine if you re not in a hurry But when you re flying something as pretty as

a Chief whos in a big hurry

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 1 9

BONNIE KRATZ

He Danny Poultons Aeronca Chief features a custom color scheme that is reminiscent of the original decoration composed by Hap Granier for Aeroncas4012E side-by-side personal airplane

where I~gOt~t~h~e~iiiiiiiiiiibullbullbullbull con- trol yoke covers with the Aeronca logos the ashshytrays the bezels and the air box for the cabin heat I even found the pishytot tube and hand brake on eBay If I would have had to physically search for all of that stuff Id probably still be looking

Wag-Aero came to the rescue in supplying the struts and wing leadshying edges

III was able to use most of the origishynal boot cowl but the original noseshybowl was really bad and was cut for the McDowell starter so I used an STCd fiberglass replacement If I find a good original I may change that

11Th is airplane came out of the facshytory with toe brakes which were with the airplane and I stayed with the mechanical brakes and just installed new pads You dont really need

20 JUNE 2007

brakes on the airshyplane for anything so they work just fine

Danny was planning on flying the airplane a lot and added a venturi so he could run an artificial horizon and added air vent holes

When we were doing the inteshyrior there was no kit available for the headliner so a neighbor Phyllis Dalshyton sewed one up using the original material found on Chiefs That was really tedious Then I made the side panels and covered them with Airtex fabric and had to fabricate a new bagshygage door and make the boards for the seats

The panel had already been cleaned so the wood grain was gone but I decided not to try to put it on I did however make two metal glove

compartments for it The sliding windows were

original to the airplane but the polished prop isnt I just thought it looked betshyter polished

When the airframe was done and ready to be covered Danny went with Poly-Fiber and shot it with Aeroshythane but not in the original colshyors or scheme

IIAirtex had some sample seat covers for the airplane that were inexpensive so I bought them and had the paint mixed to go with the seat covers Also the paint stripes arent original They

mimic the factory scheme but arent exact I should also mention that I had some help with the fabric from Larry and Phyllis Dalton who helped cover the airplane This was my first time and they made it easy

Since Danny had no engine he was starting from scratch in that area The original was a C8S-8 but with his papaerwork he found a Supplemental Type Certificate (STC) that opened interesting new avenues

There was part of an STC in our paperwork that would let me install a -12 engine and that would allow me to have an electric starter which I reshyally wanted The problem was that the STC wasnt complete Plus the -8 mount is

than the shy12 so its not

a plug-andshyplay

change and I

expected some problems

getting the papershywork straightened out

I called the Atshylanta Flight Stanshydards District Office and really

lucked out The Coshylumbia Federal Aviashy

tion Agency (FAA) field examiner came out looked the airplane over and said hed be happy to clean up the paperwork and submit it to Atlanta for me What I thought was going to be a problem turned out to be quite easy

Unfortunately Danny found out that things dont always go easy when restoring an airplane and his headaches came in the form of his first engine

I had two sons

Dale and lD

and a wonderful

wife and 1 didnt

want to lose all of

that just because

1 was overweight

So 1 started

looking for an

airplane to rebuild

as a way to keep

myself busy

I bought a C8S-12 that had been overhauled I had flown it for about 22 hours when one cylinder lost a lot of compression so we pulled the jug When we got inside we found that the rod was just banging around in there and was loose on the crank When we split the case we found the crank was badly scored and a lot of metal had gone through the engine so I had to find another one

The second engine was freshly overhauled by an FAA-certified shop

in 2000 after a prop strike The guy I bought it from was building a homebuilt and

was afraid that the engine was going to sit too long before his

project was completed so he sold it Everything checked out to be perfect and it has been humming along with no problems since day one

We flew the airplane for the first time July I 2006 and I had a local pilot Gary Dalton do the test hop I dont mind telling you that I was nershyvous watching it When I flew it for the first time I had only 10 hours of tailshywheel time Id logged while getting my tail wheel endorsement I was a little nervous then too but everything went beautifully When we flew it it was alshymost exactly three years to the day that we unloaded it from the trailer

When I started I guess I became a little compulsive about working on it Id eat in the hangar work until 10 or 11 every night and sometimes Id wake up in the middle of the night and go out and work on it When Id get home from church on Sunday Id change clothes and go out and get something done Im glad I did it that way because it really helped me with the other problem

In the process of restoring his Chief Danny met several goals The first was finishing and flying his own Chief but the second and more imshyportant was taking control of his life From the time he started the Chief to the time he flew it he lost 230 pounds and added no telling how many years to his life Most people have difficulty committing to just finishing an airshyplane so Danny is to be congratushylated for two jobs well done ~

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 21

~The Bmiddot thof

Creating a classic design BY CHESTER L PEEK PHD

Could you in three months time design and build a new light plane without tools or factory and with very little money Impossible you say But that is just what eG Tayshylor did in the spring of 1936 when he introduced the legendary Taylorshycraft to the aviation world Heres the story

In the last week of December 1935 eG Taylor was confined to his bed ill and completely discourshy

aged Days before he and Bill Piper Hangar at Butler Pennsylvania 1936 Still in use today had signed a legal document that dissolved their troubled partnership For Taylors share of the Taylor Cub company (which was in debt more than $90000) he received approximately $5000 to be paid out in small installments over three years

Byron Shinn knew Taylor well both as a customer and friend In a 1991 letter he describes Taylors situashytion and subsequent events

Back in the 1930s we had a small manufacturing comshypany located in one of the hangars on the Butler Pennsylvashynia airport called The Shinn Devices Company We made aluminum wheels for aircraft 4 bead diameter 700X4 tire and at that time sold them to most of the light aircraft manshyufacturers including the Taylor and Piper organization in Bradford Pennsylvania We had a quite complete machine shop and engineering design business I remember how Taylorcraft got started One very cold winter day probably in December 1935 I drove up to see Taylor in Bradford The roads were terrible ice coated and I almost had several acshycidents When I got there I found Taylor sick in bed and in a very discouraged frame of mind He had just been kicked out of his company by Piper and had little or no money or employment I told him with his abilities as an aircraft deshysigner and builder that he should certainly try to get back in the business and offered to help if I could

I went back to Butler and contacted D Bar Peat who was a promoter a very nice fellow who was running the Butler

Ken SchoHer about 1980 airport I asked if he could raise some money to start Tayshy22 JUNE 2007

TAYLORCRAFT BY C 6 TAYLOR PlmBUR6H-BUTLER AIRPORT BunER PA

STABLE FAST A NEW LIGHT PLANE ECONOMICAL LOWPRICED

First Taylorcraft ad February 1936 Aero Digest

First Taylorcraft specifications Photo is of a model

during the

Depression

you NEVER

left a job

Yet these men

deeply loyal

to Taylor

came with him

to this chancy

new venture Byron Shinn about 1936

TAYLORCRAFT Model A

ATe pendingB_ Span 36 (11 m) Length 22 (67 m) Heicht 6 8 (21 m) Wm area 169 fLgt (156 ml) Power Ioodiaa 2IS IbsJhp (118 kcJho) WioJ Ioadma 58 1bbullJIt (293 kcl) Weicht empty 570 Ibs (259 kg) U falload 420 Ibs (190 kc) Payload 181 lbo (82 kcl Gr weiht m lbo (449kcr Bant I Ibs (5 kg) Fuel 10 gals

~L~~L11t1iLk hp

~~~gtam~~hm~~49 kph) l~ mph (51h ) Semlte laquoiliaC 101000 ft (4260 m) imb per min 400 It (122 tn) Cruig rang 210 mi (371 1aD) ~ F welded eel tubg four JODIeIODS of proareqjve diameters wood faired and fabric conrcd removable maine mouat j streued fot SO hp installamiddot tion Wg two paDdJ bolted to fuselafefabric _ ~ oectioo With eJlipticalJy rOUDded tips JOlid apruce JPlrs

Zplace ATC

metal ribs fabricated from drawn NicraJ secshytions sinclc drag wire bracinc built-up metal frame ailerons fabric COYered and of the balanced type with DO exposed horns

=r~~brTc ~~ai~~~wd~ removable fin elentor and stabiliurs inshyterlthanaeable right or IefL Landing rear =evbsor~ closed~~~es color ocJlulosc finish with trim Two-place flex-wine seat 39 inches ide--by-lide cabin fabric lined and fire-wall sound proofed all control cables and fittinp in the cabin are fully enclosed Baggag compartment 6- X 9- X w- back of seaL

~~6oo-~~bS~ wbeds DuPont Pluticell 1rindJhield rulr her mounted illltrument pampDe1 ~ Aeromarinc altimeter U S 011

~~itfra~~ pass or other instnunmts extra

Carlson and Harold White who were engineers Ken Tibbits and Les Salshychow Parks College graduates along with mechanics Colby Carpenter and William Crawford All these men had good secure jobs with Piper and durshying the Depression you NEVER left a job Yet these men deeply loyal to Taylor came with him to this chancy new venture All would eventually rise to responsible executive posishytions with Taylorcraft

Ken Scholter a local mechanic was hired as a welder Contemposhyrary reports credit him with most of the welding on the new plane Forshytunately he was also an amateur photographer and documented the building process on film He furshynished most of the photos shown in this article

Shinn resumes I When Taylor came to Butler he had very little money we all had very little money at that time I believe he got a small settlement from Piper for his share of the Cub company This was in the depths of the Depresshysion We doled the money out a few dolshylars at a time and started to build the first plane We used our machine shop to make the draw bench to make the rib parts and to make most of the parts jigs and dies that required machining

An engineering department was set up I hired a draftsman when Ray Carlshyson moved down from Bradford Tayshylor and the mechanics would make the parts and then the draftsman would

lor up again in the airplane business He along with Col make the drawings We designed a new wheel for the plane Breckenridge and some others did raise a little money about lightweight and very strong being constructed of an alumishy$1000 as I recall enough to include the building of the jigs num stamping fastened to a cast aluminum end rim Tayshyand fixtures and the first plane We moved Taylor and his lor and I also developed the new tapered axle which was family to Butler rented him a house and started work in a lighter and less costly A new Goodrich tire size 600 x 6 vacant hangar on the Butler airport SeveraL of Taylors men was used from Bradford came with him II The plane was designed and built during the first four

Actually six key Bradford employees left Piper and to five months of 1936 This must have been some sort of joined Taylor in the new enterprise They were Ray record When the plane was finished the test pilot Tibbits

VINTA GE A IR PLANE 23

One day we came to work

to find trucks backed up

to the hangar and Taylor

hauling away all the

Taylorcraft parts Batch of Shinn 800 x 4 wheelsjigs and fixtures

started the test flights First he taxied the plane up and down the runway then flew it the length of the runway just off the ground then made flights a bit higher and finally made circuits The plane flew very well but would not stall The CAA required proper recovery from a stall so Taylor worked on the horizontal tail surfaces so that a stall could be induced and the plane passed the CAA tests

Taylor was a design genius The CAA had just released a new-design wing curve and Taylor was the first I

ffi believe to use it The wing curve was ~ ~ faster and had a soft stall ~ This was the NACA 23012 airfoil z ~ Taylor once told the author that in

Fuselage structure 1935 he built a set of wings for the Cub using that airfoil but Piper veshytoed the change They were hanging on a wall when the Bradford factory burned in 1937

Shinn says I started an advertising campaign beginning with a very small ad in Aero Digest saying IISomething new is coming in Aviation The next ads told a little more People were very enthusiastic about the new plane It was much advanced over the Cub beshying faster with side-by-side seating and wheel controls Before long we had reshyceived down payments from over 50 customers $200 each as I recall This

ffi was due to correspondence with old ~ ~ Taylor Cub dealers and the Aero Dishy~ z gest ad In a 1992 interview Bob UJ

Taylor eGs son confirmed thisWing details He remembered his father waking

24 JUNE 2007

First A-40 run-up May 1936

him up one night in Butler and showing him $10000 in down payments

The first ad appeared in the February issue of Aero Digest and is shown on this page A later ad showed a photo of the plane but since no plane had been comshypleted at that time it was actually a snapshot of a model CG Taylor built on his kitchen table First the new trademark Taylorcraft was used but when Beechcraft threatened legal action claiming Taylorcraft sounded too much like Beechcraft the ads were changed to read Airplanes by GG Taylor However they resumed us-

CG Taylor and a Model ATaylorcraft 1936

ing the Taylorcraft name after sevshyeral months

Shinn continues D Bar Peat was always trying to promote the plane On Sundays they would put on an air show at the Butler airport and 200 to 300 people would atshytend Som e way he got the Taylorshycraft to lead the way when all the planes taxied by the grandstand at the Cleveland Air Races

Meanwhile in the hangar facshytory the prototype plane was beshying rushed to completion but not fast enough to suit Taylor He

once told the author I was away ~ from the plant for three days havshyo ~ ing given instructions to complete sect the engine mount When I returned

it was not done I hung the engine in the right place with a chain hoist we

cut the tubing to (it and it was done in an hour On May 1 the Continental A-40 engine SIN 635

was run up for the first time then on May 8 Taylor signed an application for an experimental certificate Only eight days later on Saturday May 16 CAA inshyspector RA Young witnessed the test flight and issued certificate X-16393 to the first Taylorcraft SIN 25 Apshyproximately three months had elapsed from the time construction was started until the new plane was airshyborne A remarkable achievement

It was a beautiful plane sleek and streamlined a far VINTAGE AIRPLANE 25

Test flight of the first Taylorcraft May 1936

1 rryen~~A1~~~ )~ ~- shyITS A - -=- (=- = --- I FAF

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C G TAYL O R bull PlttsburqhmiddotBuUer Airport bull Bu tler Penna

April 1936 ad in Aero Digest

cry from Taylors boxy square-cornered E-2 Cub With side-by-side seating and wheel controls it rivaled much larger more expensive planes such as the Waco and Stinson Weight had been kept to a minimum the proshytotype weighed only 570 pounds It was much faster than the Cub The first prospective customers who flew the plane verified the advertised cruising speed of 80 mph In a race with two locals an Aeronca C-3 and a Kinner Fleet the Taylorcraft won easily

The investors at Butler were elated With nearly 100 orders and down payments received for their new plane they envisioned a rapid production buildup and the prospects of a thriving profitable enterprise Their faith however had been misplaced

Shinn continues But unknown to D Bar Peat and me Taylor had been talking to others about financing and a place to manufacture the plane One day we came to work to find trucks backed up to the hangar and Taylor haulshying away all the Taylorcraft parts jigs and fixtures They moved to Alliance Ohio where they got one years free rent on a large old airplane factory financing and tax breaks D Bar Peat and I retained a lawyer to try to get back our inshyvestment eventually getting back some shares ofTaylorcraft 26 JUNE 2007

stock instead of money And Piper quit buying my wheels and switched to Hayes

Happily Taylor and Shinn soon put their legal difshyferences behind them and remained good friends and business associates for many years

Shinn was not alone in his disappointment when the unexpected move came Scholter was out of a job In 1992 he made this comment They left Butler owing me almost a months pay which I never got But they did give me a very nice letter of recommendation

The Alliance Review newspaper proudly announced the arrival of the new aircraft enterprise in its July 9 1936 edition But that is a story for another day

Authors note When researching my book The Taylorcraft Story in

1992 I was privileged to personally interview four prishymary information sources regarding the Butler Pennshysylvania events eG Taylor Bob Taylor Ken Scholter and Byron Shinn The history above was taken from those interviews and contemporary newspaper articles

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LIN COL N MERCURY

EXTRA The Butler Manufacturing Co NL-I3 biplane

The March 2007 Mystery Plane is the 1932 Butler Manufacturing Co NL-13 biplane designed by Albin Kasper Longren (sometimes simply reshyferred to as the Longren NL-13)

AK Longren had a very long and interesting aviation career Born in a log cabin near Clay Center Kansas in 1882 he was the one of 14 children born to Swedish immigrant homeshystead farmers Charles and Emma Lonshygren In 1901 he took a business course from the International Corresponshydence School (ICS) which he followed up with an ICS diploma in mechanical engineering from 1907-1911

Longrens interest in aviation beshygan with his observations of Henry L Call in 1908 Call originally a New York lawyer author and socialist had moved to Girard Kansas in February of 1908 in order to construct a large and ungainly flying machine powered by two 20-hp Curtiss B-4 engines Known as the Mayfly and The Chicken (among other colorful names) the airshycraft failed to fly despite modification Call enjoyed the support of the nashytional socialist newspaper An Appeal to Reason and constructed several aircraft under the aegis of The Aerial Navigashytion Company of America starting in 1908 before the company changed its name

Beginning in 1911 Call manushyfactured two-cylinder and fourshycylinder horizontally opposed air-cooled engines which h e marshyketed to would-be aviators through

28 JUNE 2007

BY WESLEY SMITH

advertisements (primarily in Aircraft and Fly magazines published by Alshyfred W Lawson of 1920 Lawson Airshyliner fame) The two-cylinder Call was rated at 45 hp and the four-cylshyinder engine was rated at 90 hp Call engines were among the first aircraft engine to be fitted with mufflers an individual muffler being attached to the exhaust port of each cylinder

With his brother EJ Longren and a mechanic named William Janeke Longren constructed a Curtiss-type pusher biplane in Topeka Kansas Beshygun in the summer of 1910 the Toshypeka I was not completed until the fall of 1911 Fitted with a 60-hp Hall-Scott A-2 a water-cooled V-8 the Topeka I became the first successful aircraft to be completed in the state of Kansas Longren made his first flight on Sepshytember 2 and on September 5 1911 he made two flights the first flight reaching about 225 feet in altitude and covering 15 miles and the secshyond reaching about 300 feet and covshyering six miles

Of course Longren was only one of numerous individuals who built Curtiss-type pushers Plans for early Herring-Curtiss machines were pubshylished in Aeronautics and other aviashytion periodicals as well as in books With some individual alterations many such aircraft were built in the United States prior to Americas entry into World War 1

At any rate Longren soon went into the exhibition business with

H Young renaming the Topeka I as the Dixie Flyer The words Dixie Flyer - AK Longren - Aviator were painted on the underside of the Topeka IDishyxie Flyers monoplane canard Between 1911 and 1914 Longren gave 1372 exhibition flights in Kansas Texas Oklahoma Nebraska and Colorado for the Young Aviation Co

In 1912 Longren built a second Curshytiss-type with a Hall-Scott A-2 This airshycraft incorporated the improvements Curtiss had made to his newer aircraft during 1911-1912 and in due course the mid-gap ailerons were moved to the trailing edges of the upper wing This aircraft was sold to Longrens forshymer student and friend Phil Billard who used it to give exhibition flights This aircraft sometimes known as the Topeka II was presented to the Kansas State Historical Society in 1938 where it still exists as a display

In the spring of 1914 Longren took time to marry Ms Dolly Trent Later that winter (1914-1915) Longren built his first entirely original aircraft design - a two-place tractor biplane again seshylecting the reliable Hall-Scott as the powerplant During an exhibition at the Dickson County Fair at Abilene on September 9 1915 the aircraft stalled on takeoff and was destroyed hitting an automobile that was leaving the fairshygrounds Longrens passenger was relashytively unscathed but Longren suffered a broken leg and several internal injuries

While recovering from his injushyries in early 1916 Longren with Phil

Billard began the construction of his fourth aircraft the Model G The Model G was a clean two-place tractor biplane with a strong resemblance to a Curtiss IN-4 In fact it was powered by a Curtiss OX-2 and was intended for sale to the warring European powers However only two were sold one to the Kansas National Guard the other being used for exhibition flights

Late in the year Longren built a small tractor biplane sometimes reshyferred to as the Longren Bus The conshystruction featured a three-ply wooden monocoque fuselage and was built for William Burt of Okmulgee Oklahoma A second machine was constructed for Lester Miller of Dallas Texas who inshytended to use the aircraft for aerobatic exhibitions By late 1917 Longren had moved on to another two-place design known as the Model H As in the case of the earlier Longren Bus the Model H used a wooden monocoque fuselage The Model H was powered by a Curshytiss 90-hp OX-5 engine unfortunately while on his way to Kansas City Misshysouri Longren suffered an engine failshyure near Wakarusa Kansas The aircraft was destroyed in a crash which proved fatal to a cow standing in the field in which Longren was forced down He was made to pay $10000 in restitution to the angry farmer After that interest in the Model H faded away

Late in 1917 Longren became involved with Frederick W Buck MD ME and applied for a posishytion as chief engineer with the Buck Aircraft and Munitions Co of Denshyver To what extent Longren became involved with Dr Buck is unknown Buck (a long with Elmer Sperry and later Charles F Kettering at DaytonshyWright) had plans to develop and sell an aerial torpedo - essentially a small 50-hp biplane cruise misshysile which was intended to fly on a preprogrammed course then shed its wings at the proper time and place depositing a bomb contained within the crude fuselage framework

Longrens career took another path after his debacle with the Model H After failing to establish a new airshycraft company in Overland Park Kansas Longren eventually took a

position at McCook Field as an airshycraft inspector The Great War had cost Longrens friend Phil Billard his life when he was killed in a flying accident while serving in Issoudun France Longrens position at McshyCook had allowed him the opportushynity to examine every domestic and foreign-built aircraft tested there unshytil the time of his departure in 1919 On June 17 1919 Longren formed the Longren Aircraft Corp in Topeka Kansas using a former woolen mill in the Oakland suburb as the site for the new corporation The first aircraft to come out of the plant was the rebuilt Model H now resurrected as the H-2 It is unclear as to how the H-2 differed from the earlier Model H but by midshy1920 Longren had gone in yet another direction with the construction of the two-place Model D-2 - a small aircraft powered by a three-cylinder Y conshyfiguration Lawrence Model B engine of 35-60 hp Within a year the D-2 had evolved to become the Longren Model AK Sport

Described in the pages of Aviashy

tion and Aerial Age Weekly (Volume 11 Number 12 Sept 291921 pages 336-337 and Volume 14 Numshyber 3 Sept 26 1921 pages 55-56 respectively) the two-place Longren Sport or Fibre Sport was a sensational design that incorporated the three-ply laminated wooden monocoque fuseshylage of the 1916 Longren Bus and the 1917 Model H and a set of folding biplane wings to facilitate storage It is unclear as to how the fuselage of the Sport may have differed from earshylier Longren monocoque construcshytion techniques if at all

However a 1925 Longren patent describes the use of diamond-shaped wood fibre shell (procured from the National Fibre Co) being covered with an additional two layers of wood laminations on either side The fushyselage was made in upper and lower halves using steam-pipe-heated conshycrete male and female molds clamped together using 6000 pounds of presshysure The sections were then trimmed and dried with special provision for humidity control before being joined

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 29

to a framework of grooved ash longeshyrons and formers The fuselage formshyers were made of three-ply materials engine-bearing formers were made of a seven-ply material The formers were in turn attached to the fuseshylage shells with screws Finally the fushyselage was varnished inside and out with Valspar varnish the exterior reshyceiving a coat of pigmented varnish before a final clear coat

Sold with both Lawrence Model Lshy2 three-cylinder Y-style and Anzani sixshycylinder radial engines the Longren Fibre Sport was flown in several notashyble Midwestern aviation events during the early 1920s During the American Legion Air Meet at Kansas City (Octoshyber 31 - November 3 1921) the Sport made 38 consecutive loops while being flown by ND Trinler Two Sports were also flown during a special efficiency race held at Omaha Nebraska on Noshyvember 11 An AK Sport again flown by Trinler placed second with a speed of 7791 mph when flown over a 153shymile triangular course Later that Noshyvember two AK Sports were placed at the disposal of the Kansas City Star to deliver newspapers from Kansas City to Lawrence Kansas in record time During a game between the Missouri Tigers and the Kansasjayhawks a teleshygraph wired a play-by-play account of the football game to the Stars office The newspapers were then promptly set printed and delivered via aircraft to the Lawrence street vendors beshyfore departing fans were even able to reach their homes

After establishing a climb record for Longren aircraft in 1922 the Longren Sport attracted the attention of customshyers from as far away as China and the Soviet Union In 1923 the US Navy became interested and on February 19 1924 Lt jB Kneip flew the accepshytance tests for the first of three Lonshygren AK Sports that were sold to the Navy (serial numbered A6745 through A6747) The first machine was shipped to Washington DC for testing at the Anacostia Naval Air Station while the other two were delivered to Pensacola However documentation of their subshysequent testing and use by the Navy remains elusive

30 JUNE 2007

Photos of Longren Sports and the later NL-13 show the distinctive Lonshygren company logo painted on the side of the fuselage and perhaps a few words need to be said about it This consisted of four capital ilLs joined at the top of each letter This formed a crux gammata or swastika although the direction the letters pointed was counter-clockshywise as opposed the symbols use on aircraft flown by Nazi Germany in which the bottom of the ilLs point in a clockwise direction Prior to its adoption by the Nazi Party this ancient symbol was seen as far afield at the Southwestshyern United States where it was a sacred symbol of Native Americans and in Inshydia and in Runic Europe During The Great War the Indian head emblem of Seaplane Pilots Association (SPA) 124 included a crux gammata as part of the headdress worn by the Native Amerishycan chief tan In its time and place it was considered as a symbol of good forshytune and was in no way considered to be an insult In fact after World War I Finland adopted a grayish-blue crux

gammata inscribed within a white circle as the national insignia for its aircraft In Longrens case the ilL was inscribed with a second ilL and the rest of the letters in Longrens surname In addishytion to that a circular logo and was placed at the center of the emblem to which a set of wings and a propeller reached out to a point near the tips of the ilLs So as it turns out the Lonshygren swastika was covered by what might roughly be considered a crux

immissa or crucifix Longren had no connections to fascist idealism The company logo which originated in the Midwest in the early 20s was simply a clever play on the primary letter in Longrens surname

No matter how good an aircraft the Longren Sport was the company could not survive on such limited orders and the last aircraft was sold in May of 1924 The remaining company assets patents and facilities were sold at an auction in March 1926 The Longren Sport was resurrected briefly in 1928 when the American Eagle Aircraft Corporation of Kansas City Missouri built a solitary aircraft as the Model A-429 However the aircraft was much different than the

original Longren Sport and the design was not pursued further Following the collapse of his company Longren was hired by Willis Brown to become viceshypresident of production at the Spartan Aircraft Co in Tulsa When Brown left in 1929 Longren also moved on to beshycome a design consultant at the Butshyler Manufacturing Co at Kansas City Butler had planned to manufacture the Butler Blackhawk biplane However the company was unable to do this and all manufacturing was halted in 1931 At this pOint Longren made a deal to build a new airplane -- the NL-13

Registered as X12538 and sporting the distinctive Longren fuselage logo the NL-13 (NL possibly standing for New Longren) fuselage was built usshying a new machine-forming method for heat-treated duralumin sheets The upper and lower fuselage halves of the 1932 NL-13 biplane were joined to T-shaped longerons and riveted toshygether Fuselage formers also made of liT cross-section were riveted to the halves creating a very strong duralushymin semi-monocoque fuselage Like the earlier Longren AK the NL-13 had twin side-by-side seating The powerplant of the aircraft was a Martin 333 of 120 hp With the exception of the wing spars the NL-13 was of all-metal construction the wings being fabric covered

The aircraft was first tested by George Gay in August of 1932 At that time Gay worked for the aeronautics branch of the Civil Aeronautics Administrashytion (CAA) The aircraft was found to be slightly tail-heavy This was cured by a slight stabilizer adjustment The engine also suffered from a slight overshyheating problem This was corrected by enlarging the cooling louvers and subshystituting the original propeller with anshyother type

The NL-13 had a span of 28 feet and a length of 22 feet Apparently the goal of the NL-13 was to obtain a military contract After further testing at Roosshyevelt Field Long Island New York the fuselage of the NL-13 was sold to the United States Army Air Corps and underwent stress evaluation at Wright Field Dayton OhiO in june 1933 After slight modification to some of the stiff-

continued on page 37

Flying to me is all about having fun Its grass strips and old

friends and old airplanes The folks at AUA understand my kind

of flying and my kind of airplanes They provide great service

at very good rates and they know me as an individual not just

a policy number

- Darrell Jenkins

Dan-ell Jenkins Heber Springs AR

bull Private pilot single-engine land and sea

bull 500 hours total shy300 in taildraggers

bull Current aircraft 1948 Ercoupe 415-E

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continued from page 3

EAA Seeks to Preserve Access to Repair Station Services

EAA cautions that proposed aircraft repair station certification regulations could harm many small general aviashytion shops and adversely affect airshycraft owners seeking to maintain the airworthiness of their aircraft

The FAA estimates the cost for deshyveloping and implementing a new quality system called for by the proshyposed regulations at $34500 per reshypair station Many small operations cannot afford such an expense and it could force some to close their doors

We fear that these requirements would ultimately result in diminshyished availability of qualified and experienced maintenance expertise especially for the vintage fleet said Earl Lawrence EAA vice president of industry and regulatory affairs Airshycraft owners could be forced to use maintenance facilities with less speshycialized experience on their aircraft type making it more difficult to comshyplete major repairs and changes to small aircraft potentially impacting safety as well

EAA also questions the feasibility of requiring repair stations to mainshytain an approved capability list for each make series and model of airshycraft its permitted to work on Many small operators often inspect and maintain virtually hundreds of airshycraft types creating an administrashytive nightmare

EAA is willing to discuss how the FAA could best address its quality concerns while ensuring the ownshyers of small aircraft continue to have ready access to repair station services One suggestion EAA proposed is to exempt or lessen requirements for smaller shops with fewer than a given number of employees

EAAs full comments can be found at wwwEAAorgcommunications eaanewsRepa ir_Station_NPRM_Draftpdf The notice of proposed rulemaking is at httpDMSESDOTgovdocimages pdf99431749_webpdf 32 JUNE 2007

Young Eagle 13 Million Hails From New Mexico

Arlene Martinez in the right seat with volunteer Young Eagles pilot Paul Rachels

The EAA Young Eagles program the worlds most successful youth aviation initiative ever has registered the 13-millionth Young Eagle flown She is Arlene Martinez age 12 of Yuma Arizona who took her flight on March 17 at Somerton Airport (54AZ) in a Cessna 170 piloted by Paul Rachels EAA 633950 Rachels is president and Young Eagles coordinator for Yuma EAA Chapter 590

Arlene was very enthusiastic said Rachels who has flown 123 Young Eagles She definitely enjoyed the flight and would like to do it again He always gets a kick out of how kids react to their special flights Its as incredible an experience

for me as it is for them and I have 700 hours of flight time Steve Buss EAA Young Eagles executive director called it another important

milestone for the program which this year marks its 15th anniversary year-the birthday will be marked at AirVenture this year Its wonderful to recognize Paul and Arlenes flight but we also applaud the outstanding continuing support and enthusiasm for Young Eagles by our members We extend our congratulations to all who have helped the program reach this unprecedented level of participation

Nominations Due June 15 for EAA Young Eagles Awards Each year EAA honors several special volunteers at EAA AirVenture with the

annual Young Eagles awards and theres still time to nominate a deserving pershyson for 2007

Nominations for the following awards are being accepted through June 15

bull Chapter Coordinator bull Field Representative bull Ground Support Volunteer bull Young Eagles Humanitarian (presented for efforts to reach special needs

Young Eagles) bull Young Eagles Horizon Award (recognizing efforts to go beyond the basic

Young Eagles flight) Awards will be presented at a special ceremony held at EAA AirVenture Museshy

ums Eagle Hangar on Wednesday July 25 To download the official nomination form visit wwwYoungEaglesorgvolunteersaward_nominationpdf

BY BUCK HILBERT

The very beginning of airworthiness certificates pilot certificates

For many years Ive talked and writshy barnstormers and promote some ten about the beginnings of the Aero order and safety to their flying It had Club of America (ACA) now known one other side effect No record atshyas the National Aeronautic Associashy tempt or air show (or air meet as they tion (NAA) Ive explained how this were called back then) could be staged pioneer era appointed Orville Wright without the approval of the Aero as the chairman of the Contest amp Reshy Club which was affiliated with the cords Board and how a pilot registrashy international governing body the Feshytion program came into being deration Aeronautique Internationale

The World War I pilots returning (FAI) The contestant was required to home were barnstorming and othershy be a member of the Aero Club which wise doing their best to make a living then issued a certification to the pishyin aviation That led to attempts to lot Hence the FAlSporting License register and somehow civilize these old-timers would show was signed by

Certifying Aircraft and Pilots

AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATE IauecI to VIlICElll ASTOR Arw 23 W 26th Sl BYCit shy

m~ts CnltiUs that the Aircraft described below has been Inspected and found AiruIo~ for daylight llyin on AJIlI 0VEIl WUER OKLY

For the Fl)1nA Season of 1922 ~- ~-=l1=~== Cmlampato NJiI~_ _ -- UND ElV1UTEIS~OIlIS Iae

o o-_pmiIyenr3~J__I922 III _ - ~ t

_ _ Mri N=A1fefJ~mATE WAmR AmClWr _ _______ 1 - PQRIlrASRDWTCJN l T bull Y

N_- 01 AlOft to 5 M- 1-1 AJkwL c 9on MuwLOEBDIG AERO ElIGR C~IIoTNo 23-t SodoIH9~iF--__ 0- 30 pr 3 I~ _ 42 PT 6 U __ n 8 Pr _ 2700 4100 II UMIwI 1400 shy_ 130 M _Cd 20000 hlln_H_ 2S_ _ T LIBRRrY I I OBE __ US 32230 __ Do 5 000 - JfAJlJODS JULY 7 1922

Orville Wright It was a requirement of the federal government No federal requirement for a pilots certificate would come into being until the Air Commerce Act gave that authority and responsibility to the Department of Commerce on May 20 1926

In all of the information Ive read on the early days of the ACA later the NAA there was never any menshytion of aircraft standards or airworshythiness certificates I never quesshytioned it and as a matter of fact I never gave it a thought

Then along comes friend and Vinshytage member Mitch Wohl from Barrington Illinois and he drops two books on my desk The first one I picked up was titled A Symbol of Safety This book was first published in 1923 and tells all about the foundshying of the Underwriters Laboratories (UL) Reprinted in 1995 it goes into great detail as to the history of UL I found it very interesting

The second book published on the 100th anniversary of Underwritshyers Laboratories in 1994 amplifies a bit of the material that was pub-

This airworthiness certificate was issued by an Underwriters Laborashytories inspector Maj J W Jones who deemed the Loening Air Yacht of Vincent Astor to be in airworthy condishytion It is restricted to dayligbt flying and over water only Heres a photo of its sister ship from the 1922 Airshycraft Yearbook

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 3 3

Loening monoplane Flying Yacht 100 hp Liberty engine which made a world record for aHitude with three passengers and pilot 19500 feet

lished in the 1923 book Its entire theme is Making the World Safe for Technology What a revelation both regarding the organization s history in general and its involveshyment in aviation

The real beginnings were at the 1893 Worlds Fair at the Great White City in Chicago The Electricity Building had frequent visits by the fire brigade in response to the new alshyternating current electricity displays catching fire and causing problems It was then that William Henry Merrill began his testing lab which proved

electricity could be a servant rather than a master

Our only function is to serve not to profit We are doing someshything for manufacturers buyers and property owners everywhere We are doing things for humanity was a direct quote from Merrill This was the beginning of the lab The lab was funded by corporations that wanted their products tested as well as by the insurance underwriters themselves

From 1893 through 1905 the budshyget expanded from a mere $3000 to more than $300000 During that

The book goes into

great detail

as to physical

standards for

airmen There were

all sorts of tests

for altitude tolerance

fatigue and eyesight

and their standards

specify annual physicals

rAiLW~eeL5

srlINSON 15 JOCII~Y

34 JUNE 2007

time more than 7500 reports were published the lab moved to larger quarters it was chartered in Illinois and the landmark inspection and label service was established Within two years UL inspectors were at work in 67 citshyies UL got into everything electrical fire prevention fire extinguishers automobiles oil and gasses and transportashytion as well Thats where we come in airplanes

When the first commercial airplane takes off here in the USA in the 20s UL registers airplanes certifies pilots and issues the now rather quaint-sounding Rules of the Air

Im getting ahead of the full story but in a nutshell the National Aircraft Underwriters Association proposed and requested UL become the custodian of the official register of all aircraft pilots (other than government pilots) and take full charge of all details connected therewith

UL undertook this branch of the work on July I 1921 The book goes into great detail as to physical stanshy

dards for airmen There were all sorts of tests for altitude tolerance fatigue and eyesight and their standards specify annual physicals

No wonder the early birds were considered supermen The next step was to create a register of commercial and private aircraft On May I 1922 UL began a nationwide inspection service in order to make it possible to issue cershytificates of airworthiness for individual aircraft The details of the inspections and the people employed to conduct them is an early Whos Who in aviation The inspections were very stringent and as demanding for the aircraft as they were for the pilots

And that dear friends is the story of the first airworshythiness certificates They were all issued long before the Department of Commerce became involved and of course long before the creation of the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) and the Federal Aviation Administration

Little by little the freedoms of flight have been whittled down and the myriad of Federal Aviation Regulations we live with came about but here fellow pilots and aircraft owners was the very beginning and it was the insurance people who started it all I(

Over to you (( ~((~

~ Call to order your copies today

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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 35

BY HG FRAUTSCHY

THIS MONTHS MYSTERY PLANE PHOTO IS A BIT OF A MULLIGAN FOR THOSE OF YOU

WHO HAVE ENJOYED L1GHTPLANES FOR A NUMBER OF YEARS STILL NOT MUCH IS PUBLISHED ABOUT THIS RATHER ATTRACTIVE AMPHIBIAN

Send your answer to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box You can also send your response via e-mail Send 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Your answer needs your answer to mysteryplaneeaaorg Be sure to include to be in no later than July 15 for inclusion in the your name city and state in the body of your note and September 2007 issue of Vintage Airplane put I(Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line

MARCH S MYSTERY ANSWER

36 J UN E 2007

nology olph Dope

Heres a little about the March Mystery Plane

The subject Mystery Plane apshypears to be the Longren NL-13 sin 2 X12538 built in 1932 by Albin K Longren (1882-1950) in Kansas City Missouri Longren had been a design consultant for Butler Manushyfacturing Co during the certificashytion of the Butler Blackhawk and built the NL-13 in the Butler facility with help from Butler employees Butler had ceased production by that time in the depths of the Great Depression The NL-13 had an allshy

wing spars and the fabric wing covshyering The engine was a 120-hp Marshytin 333 inve rted inline with four cylinders The X12538 was the only NL-13 built and was not successful in reaching production although it was an ea rly example of formed alushyminum aircraft structures

My information comes from Aeroshyfilescom and from Chuck (Charles E) Lebrechts fine article entitled AK Longren - Pioneer Airman of the West published in American Aviation Historishycal Society Journal Vol26 No4 Winshyter 1981 pp258-270 Lebrechts article gives a great vjew of Longrens career as an aircraft designer and manufacturer

Jack Erickson State College Pennsylvania Other correct answers were reshy

ceived from WaIt House Wichshyita Kansas George Otto Snook Monroe Michigan John Miller Wamego Kansas Cam Bla ze r Leawood Kansas An extensive arshyticle on the airplane and AK Lonshygren written by Wesley Smith is also included in this issue of Vinshytage Airplane

metal airframe except for wooden 1---------------------------------shy

eners and bulkheads the NL-13 fuselage had a safety factor able to absorb 1683g

ahead of the center of gravity (CG) and 11g aft of the CG

This made the fuselage of the NL-13 considerably stronger than that of the Stearman YBT-3 Boeing P-26A Conshysolidated P-30 and Boeing P-12B with which it was compared the YBT-3 having a maximum g-Ioading potential of 109

both fore and aft of the CG While the reshyport recommended the possible adoption of Longrens construction techniques orshyders for the NL-13 were not forthcoming and no further examples were built

With the demise of Butler Longren went to work for himself using a porshytion of the former Butler factory at the Kansas City Municipal Airport In 1933-34 Longren did the initial metal work on the Luscombe Phantom and developed metal-working techniques with his partner Ivan Driggs Plans for opening another aircraft factory were put on hold when Cessn a reopened their Wichita Kansas facility in 1934 for production of the Cessna C-34 Cessna hired Longren as vjce-president a posishy

tion that he held until 1939 when he moved to Torrance California to open the Longren Aircraft Company

While Longren built no further airshycraft he became a successful subconshytractor of prefabricated components for other aircraft manufacturers After the end of World War II Longren sold his company and retired to a 3OOO-acre ranch at Adin Ca lifornia where he passed away due to a heart condition on Nov 19 1950 at age 68

The defini tive Longren article was written by Mr Charles E Lebrecht and was published in the Winter 1981 edishytion of the American Aviation Historical Society Journal (Volume 26 Number 4 pages 258-270) I am indebted to Mr Lebrechts excellent research for the inshyformation in this piece Further informashytion on AK Longren can be found in the pages of Aviation Quarterly (Mace Kenshyneth D Pioneer Airmen ofKansas Volshyume 5 Number 2 Second Quarter 1979 pages 152-163) Mr Maces article is also quite well-written and contains severshyal beautiful photos of Longrens aircraft as well as the 1908 Call Mayfly

VINTAGE A I RPLANE 37

The fo llowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter of information only and does not constishytute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed To submit an event send the information via mail to Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Or e-mail the information to vintageaircrafteaaorg Information should be received four months prior to the event date

JUNE S-IO-Union IL-Poplar Grove Airport Army Wings and Wheels Info Vintage Wings amp Wheels Museum 815-547middot3115 Tom Murray hiwheelsbcglobalnet

JUNE 14-17-St Louis MO-Dauster Flying Field Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) American Waco Club Flymiddotln Info Phil Coulson 269shy624-6490 or rcoulson516cscom www americanwacoclubcom

JUNE 20-2l--Lock Haven PA-William T Piper Memorial Airport (LHV) Sentimental Journey Fly-In Family oriented fly-in featuring antique and classic aircraft of all makes and models especially PIPERS Seminars vendors food camping and entertainment daily Come for the day or the week Call 570-893-4200 or 748shy5123 for more information j3cubkcnet org wwwsentimentaljourneyfly-incom

JUNE 21-24-Mt Vernon Ohio-Wynkoop Airport (6G4) 48th Annual National Waco Club Reunion Check www nationalwacoclubcom for more information and contact information Or email call Andy Heins 937 313 5931 wacoasoaolcom

JUNE 22-24-Gardner KA-Gardner Municipal Airport (K34) Greater KC VAA Chapter 16 Fly-in Contact Kevin Pratt 816-985-3248

JUNE 23-Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

JUNE 30-Chetek WI-The Chetek WI (Y23) 9AM car show craft fair and show a professional horse pull and a water ski show Plenty of food and drink available throughout the day For more info contact Chuck Harrison 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet or Tim Knutson 715-237shy2477 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

JUNE 31-Russellville KY- Russellville-Logan County Airport (4M7) 9th Annual All You Can Eat BarBQ Lunch 1100am - 200pm Rain Date July 5th Aircraft displays skydiving door prizes Everyone welcome For more information eaal165yahoo com wwwangelfirecom ky3 eaal165 Joe Lawrence 270-726-1558

JULY 4-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-llam For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

JULY 6-8--All iance Oh (2Dl)-Taylorcraft and Ohio Aeronca Aviators Fly-In See the airplanes built in Alliance OH amp Middletown

38 JU N E 2007

OH and the people that built them Camping motels food all day fbarberalliancelinkcom 330823-1168 bwmatzllacyahoocom 216 337-5643 httpwwwoaafy-incom see wwwbarberaircraftcom for airport diagrams Breakfast served Sat amp Sun 7AM to 11AM by EM Chapter 82

JULY 14-Zanesville OH-Parr Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

AUGUST 5-Queen City MO-Applegate Airport (15MO) 20th Annual Watermelon Fly-In amp BBQ 2pm til dark Come and see grass roots aviation at its best Info 660-766-2644

AUGUST S-Chetek WI-Southworth Municipal airport (Y23) BBQ Fly-In 1030am Warbird displays antique and unique airplanes antique amp collector car displays and raffles for airplane rides Procedes will be given to local charities Info Chuck Harrison - Office 715-924shy4501 Cell 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet Tim Knutson - Home 715-237-2477 Cell 651-308-2839 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

AUGUST 17-19--McMinnville OR-25th Annual West Coast Travel Air Reunion Come Celebrate the Rebirth of the Travel Air Expected to be the largest gathering of Vintage Travel Airs in recent times Held in conjunction with the Northwest Antique Airplane Club Event Info Bruce McElhoe 559-638-3746

AUGUST 18--Forest Lake MN-(25D)-Airport Fly-in and Open House lOam - 4pm 24shyhour gas and 24-hour grass 3000-foot 31 13 Forest Lake Lions serve brats corn-ltgtn-the-cob and ice cream 100LL is available John Schmidt EM 250021 St Paul Minnesota 651 776 1717

AUGUST IS-I9-Long Island NY- Bayport (23N) Annual Antique Aeroplane Fly-In Old time movies popcorn pig roast flour bomb drop and spot landing contest with the days ending in the in famous Sheep Shagger Baa For more info wwwAACGNY org or email Stuart Bain at Sbain emediaofny com

AUGUST 19-Brookfield WI-Capitol Airport (02C) Ice Cream Social and vintage Aircraft Display VAA Chapter 11 Dean London 262-442-4622

AUGUST 2S-Niles MI-Jerry Tyler Memorial Airport (3TR) VAA Chapter 35 Annual Corn amp Sausage Roast Lunch served 1100am

to 300 pm Rain date on Sunday August 26th Donations of $500 for adults and $300 for children under 12 Contact Len Jansen tripacerlenyahoocom

SEPTEMBER I -Marion IN-Marion Municipal Airport (MZZ) 17th Annual Fly-In Cruise-In 700am until 200pm This annual event features antique classic homebuilt ultralight and warbird aircraft as well as vintage cars trucks motorcycles and tractors An all-you-can-eat Pancake Breakfast is served with all proceeds going to the local Marion High School Marching Band wwwFlylnCruiselncomlnfo Ray Johnson (765) 664-2588 or rjohnson indyrrcom

SEPTEMBER I -Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $2 50 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer Phone (740) 454-7487

SEPTEMBER 2-Mondovi WI-21st Annual Log Cabin Airport Fly-In Doug Ward Owner Operator 715-287-4205 Lunch noon

SEPTEMBER 8-Newark Ohio-NewarkshyHeath Airport (VTA) Annual Fly-In DriveshyIn Breakfast Pancakes and More Young Eagles Flights Vintage Airplanes Classic Cars Tom McFadden 740-587shy2312 email EAA402adelphianet

SEPTEMBER 9-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-12pm For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

SEPTEMBER 21-22- Bartlesville OK-Frank Phillips Field (BVO) 51st Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-In Antiques Classics Light Sport Warbirds Forum Type Clubs Info Charlie Harris 918-622shy8400 wwwtulsafyincom

OCTOBER 5-7-Camden SC-Kershaw County Airport (KCDN) VAA Chapter 3 Fall Fly-In All classes welcome BBQ on field Fri Evening EAA judging all classes Sat Banquet Sat Nite Info Jim Wilson 843-753-7138 or eiwilson homexpresswaynet

OCTOBER 5-7-St Louis MO-Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) The Monocoupe Club Fly-In amp Reunion wwwmonocoupecom

OCTOBER IO-I4-Tuliahoma TN- Beech Birthday Party 2007 Staggerwing Twin Beech 18 Bonanza Baron Beech ownersamp enthusiasts Info 931shy455-1974

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Page 12: PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATIONmembers.eaavintage.org/wp...Vol-35-No-6-June-2007.pdf · PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION . ... Flightline Safety Committee and their

An earty Model TA hydro in the air Note the tubular wing tip floats

The story of the Thomas-Morse Aircraft Corporation Part II

BY AL K ELCH

PHOTOS FROM THE WILLIAM T THOMAS JR COLLECTION VIA ROBERT G ELLIOTT

Preface two-part story in two 1960 issues of American Airman exshy1982-The following three-part article on the Thomasshy tensively researched by Frank Strand with a great deal oforigishy

Morse Aircraft Corp although extensively edited and further nal contact with William Thomas Sr researched by me should be credited to Robert C Elliott of Frank had permission to use all ofthe material he had gathshyDaytona Beach Florida who sought out William T Thomas ered to put together one more article specially tailored for VinshyIr still living in Daytona Beach Mr Thomas generously tage Airplane magazine on the Tommy-Morse Scout of World shared pictures and recollections of his father plus some mashy War I fame For the real Tommy buffs it would pay to seek out terial from the personal collections of Paul D Wison one of his extensive two-part story in the American Airman for lune the three original test pilots Robert submitted to me fresh mashy and luly 1960 Frank also did Profile No 68 published by Proshyterial on the earlier portions of the Thomas airplane venture file Publications Ltd PO Box 26 1A North St Leatherhead On researching several older articles I zeroed in on a wonderful Surrey England

In 1913-1914 the attention of the Thomas Aeroplane Company was turned to the development of flying boats following the similar course of Glenn Curtiss The first machine was quite crude with a wooden hull and the top deck covered with canvas powered with a six-cylinder 90-hp

Austro-Daimler engine The developshyment of this phase of Thomas flying boats went through some sleek mashyhogany-hulled versions on to develop the first metal-hulled hydroplane in America Along with the flying boats several interesting types developed including a two-place version of the

same airplane both powered by 90shyhp Austro-Daimler engines In adshydition a single-place monoplane reminiscent of the Bleriot was flown using a 40-hp Maxi-motor This Thomas monoplane proved unsuitshyable for exhibition work

It was about this time another Mr REPRINTED FROM Vintage Airplane AUGUST 1982

VI NTAGE AIRPLANE 11

An early Thomas tractor hydroplane with single float and wing tip floats

Riglrt-side view of a 1916 hydroplane two-place Model B-3 Austro-Daimler powered

A much earlier Thomas hydroplane with a 90-hp Austro-Daimler engine The forward section of the hull had a fabric cover to furnish protection from the spray

With a 90-hp Austro Austro-Daimshyler engine this metal-hulled Thomas hydroplanes fuel tank was located on top of a wing

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bull

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12 J U NE 2007

Two Guns White Cap chief of the Blackfoot Indians with pilot Ralph Brown WT Thomas at right The Inmiddot dian brought the whole tribal family to witness the flight Once off the water the chief let out a war whoop to let evmiddot eryone know he was quite pleased

The Brindley Street plant in Ithaca New York about 1915 where the Tmiddot2 and Dmiddot2 tractor planes were built

Thomas was due to be added to the company This gentleman had no relation to the founders of the comshypany but he was destined to change and influence the companys direcshytion substantially Mr B Douglas Thomas became the chief engineer and airplane designer He had an exshycellent aircraft background having previously worked as assistant airshycraft deSigner for Vickers Ltd and later Sopwith Aviation Through simshyilar circumstance he also worked for Glenn Curtiss where he assisted in designing the famous Curtiss Model J tractor and the famous Jenny He also took part with Lt Porte in designing the America the first multiple-engine flying boat built for the purpose of transatlantic flight

Upon being employed by the Thomas Bros Airplane Co B Dougshylas Thomas designed its first successshyful tractor biplane The model was deSignated T-2 and was similar to the Model J Curtiss except for the addi-

Morris Chain Co Ithaca New York a subsidiary of BorgmiddotWarner where WT Thomas eventually merged his interests Mr Morris owned controlmiddot ling interest with WT Thomas as vice president

VINTAGE AIRPLA NE 13

The board room group disshycussing aircraft business Left to right Harold Bliss BD Thomas GeorgeAbel Jerome Freed Mr Morris W T Thomas Raymond Ware BD Thomas was no relation to WT Thomas

Employees of the Thomas Brothers Aeroplane Co Ithaca New York Brindley Street plant

H might be Frank Burn-side standing beside the large trainer at the Thomas School of Aviation near Hhaca New York Note that the ailerons were emshyployed up top wing only Exshyhaust stacks rose from the top of the engine and were attached to pipe which wrapped around both sides of the fuselage WT Thomas flying school was the first Board of Regents Chartered Aviation School in New York State This plane was possishybly a Model 02

14 JUNE 2007

Side profile of an assemshybled Thomas Aero Motor The hand crank was preshy

ferred to swinging the prop on a geared ltwo-to-one)

engine Note the individual cylinder primers beside

spark plugs

tion of two nose skids and the 90-hp Austro-Daimler engine It had a top speed of 83 mph and could climb 3800 feet in 10 minutes carrying a lOOO-pound load The performance of this machine added to the prestige of the companys having hired a new deshySigner and resulted in an order from the British Adshymiralty for 24 Model T-2 airplanes its first sizable order

Wit h two pre v i 0 u s One of 15 Model SH-4 hydroplanes built by Thomas-Morse for the US Navy in about 1916 It moves from Hornell New York and Bath New York

was powered with a 149-hp Sturtevant engine

the brothers looked for a new locashy signed and built a 135-hp geared commissioned in the Royal Flying tion in which to expand Ithaca New engine with the help of designers Corps This brought a number of pishyYork at the southern end of Cayuga GeorgeAbel and Harold Bliss also two lots to the shores of Cayuga Lake as Lake was a natural choice with flat of the founders of this new division World War I gained intensity fields for takeoff and landing and a In 1915 two seaplanes designated The expansion and all of the activishy40-mile-long lake constituting an SH-4 and SH-5 were built for the ties had put considerable financial strain ideal seaplane or flying boat test area Navy and the D-5 tractor plane was on the Thomas companies A refinancshyThis coupled with the cold-weather developed for the Signal Corps Furshy ing was accomplished by merging the ability to fly from the ice resulted in ther development in 1916 resulted in airplane and engine division with the an ideal location production of the SH-4 seaplane and flying school then merging with the

Shortly after the move to Ithaca IS were built for the US Navy Morse Chain Co of Ithaca New York BD Thomas designed a new model With the prestige of not only an Thus the final name that is so wellshytheD-2 tractor biplane This was the airplane company but also a moshy known Thomas-Morse Aircraft Corp first use of the new Thomas entershy tor company and a flying school was born January 31 1917 in time to prise which was to build its own enshy The Thomas School of Aviation was build the famous World War I fighters gines This auxiliary company called picked by the Canadian government To be concluded in next months The Thomas Air Motor Co had de- for pilots who would train to become issue of Vintage Airplane

V I N T AGE AI RPLA NE 15

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bull SIAIWel uO~lnod all~

There seems to be two distinctly different types of people in the world of little airplanes those who love and adore the Aeronca Chief and those who wouldnt know an Aeronca Chief if they found it floating in their coffee Its not a question of liking it or disliking it because its one of those airplanes that has such a low recognition factor that a relatively

small percentage of the pilot popushylation even knows it exists In some ways thats a good thing because it has helped keep the prices down for those who want a Chief of their own One of those is Danny Poulton of Belshyton South Carolina

The Poultons Chief is not your avshyerage Chief Were all used to seeing the 11AC (65 hp) or the 11CC (85 hp)

-the postwar Super Chief-but theirs is an lIBe Were not sure it ever carshyried a name but maybe we should call it the Not-Quite-Super-Chief It came out of the factory in 1947 with a C8S-8 which meant no provisions for a starter Not a normal one anyway It had a McDowell starter which was a combination of ratcheted sprockets and a lever that worked very much like the pull starter on a lawn mower with the cable going back to a hanshydle in the cockpit By the time Danny bought the airplane as a project in Michigan the starter had long since disappeared In fact everything fireshywall-forward had disappeared But were getting ahead of ourselves

Danny had owned a number of airplanes in the past and in fact had learned to fly while he was still in high school

We had aviation on my moms side of the family he says My unshycle was an airframe and powerplant mechanic (AampP) and a fUll -time corshyporate pilot and he encouraged me

He progressed through a number of airplanes most of them some varishyation of the Piper PA-28 line includshying an Arrow although a 63 C-l72 did follow him home one day

I met Donna and aviation beshycame part of our life he says In fact we were married in a 421 Cessna at five thousand feet over Anderson South Carolina

Danny didnt get into vintage airshyplanes until four years ago with the Chief It was a form of therapy because he was on a crusade to lose weight

I had let myself balloon up to 460 pounds and if I was going to live I had to lose the weight I had two sons Dale and JD and a wonderful wife and I didnt want to lose all of that just beshycause I was overweight So I started looking for an airplane to rebuild as a way to keep myself busy We live on an airpark and we had a great guy Gene Richburg living just down the runshyway from us He was 82 years old at the time and knew everything there was to know about rebuilding airplanes and he volunteered to help me

So Danny launched on two projshyects at the same time both of them

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 17

Danny Poulton holds open the top cowl to reveal the Continental C-SS installation It appears Danny has decided not to trust his Chief mechanical fuel gauges which are known to be troublesome and is using an old standby the wire and cork float gauge so common prior to World War II

In keeping with the restrained nature of Dannys customized Chief a few nice touches such as the upholstered side panels and polished control wheel caps brighten up the otherwise original-looking cabin Look closely and you can see the toe brake pedals on the pilots side of the cockpit Those pedals are seen only on the UBC UCC and lSAC Sedan

The tubular structure of the landing gear is covered with an aluminum fairshying leading to a nicely finished pair of replica fiberglass wheelpants The small cable attached to the trailing edge of the landing gear is a safety cable It was originally installed in case of a failshyure of the originally installed phenolic piston within the oleo strut Later after an airworthiness directive (47-20-02) and Aeronca Service Helps and Hints No 12 required changing the phenoshylic part to one made of aluminum the need for the cable was negated but most owners keep it just in case

monumental The first was to lose weight and the second to find a projshyect that fit his goals and skill levels

I didnt look long and actually found the Chief on eBay It belonged to an AampP in Michigan who had started to rebuild it and then decided to put it up for sale I hadnt done anything like this before so I was reshyally not sure of what I was doing but I hooked up my trailer and headed up to Michigan to buy the Chief That was in July of 2003

What he saw when he got to Michshyigan was enough to encourage him so he loaded it up and brought it back to South Carolina As is always the case however he wouldnt really know what he had until he did a thorshyough inventory back home

The large dorsal fin on the llBC Chief (also used on the UCC) makes identifishycation of the higher-horsepower Chiefs a bit easier

18 JUNE 2007

When we unloaded at home Gene came over and we spread the entire collecshytion of stuff out to see what was missing and what kind of work was going to be needed In general the airshyframe was actually in great shape because the AampP

had already started workshying on it and had finished the major compon ents The wings were more or less complete and fini shed

and the work was beautiful About all th ey needed were the leading edges and to be covered

The fuselag e tubing had been cleaned and painted and most of the fuselage wood was usable too Part of the airplanes condition is probshyably because it had only 400 hours on it and had spent most of its life stored inside somewhere We dont have much of the airplane s history but you could see by looking at the wood and steel that it hadnt been left outside to rot like so many Chiefs have been

When we were done inventorying it we found a lot of missing or unusshyable stuff that I hadn t noticed when picking it up It had no tail wheel or wing struts and the doors were not only the wrong doors but were badly crushed There were no control yokes and all of the logos were missing Same thing for all of the interior upshyholstery boards Plus there was esshysentially nothing firewall-forward I

Its still easy for most of those who h ave restored airplanes to rememshyber what it was like in the days beshyfore computers The dozens of trips to fly-markets the phone calls and the constant surveillance of Trade-ashyPlane were not only aggravating but added a huge amount of time to finshyishing the project Danny came into the Vintage world PC post computer so he was able to take full advantage of cyber searching for parts

Besides buying the airplane on eBay that service proved to be a tershyrific source for some of the rarer parts I needed Among other things thats

Whats in a Model Number By HG Frautschy

The differences between the llBC Chief and the llCC Super Chief are tough to spot but in todays sport pilot market one distinction can spell the

difference between flying one and just owning one

Both airplanes are powered by the Continental C85-8 and both came equipped with the rather clever McDowell starter The McDowell was vilified by

some as being a cheap substitute for an electrical starter but having had one

for years on my Super Chief Id have to say it s one of the neatest inventions

added to the postwar lightplane If treated with respect and used in the way the manufacturer intended it worked perfectly It did have one design weakness

that could have been easily solved but it didnt last long enough on the market to make it that far

The McDowell was activated using a cable with a ball swaged on the end

Because of the way the ball and cable were retained in the starters pulley

sheave the cable would fray and then break just below the ball or an overly

enthusiastic pull on the starter cable would pull the ball right off the end If Mcshy

Dowell had used a small fitting inside the sheeve to allow for a straight pull on

the cable (and if the cable had a ball and shank swaged fitting) Im convinced the McDowell would have been much more popular

It allowed for a lightweight starter to be installed on an airplane intended to be flown by casual travelers who were interested in ease of use and safety

It allowed my wife and her instructor both petite women to independently fly

the airplane without requiring a flip of the prop by someone else As long as

the engine was in good tune and one could reasonably expect the airplane to start when the impulse magneto fired the McDowell was a great way to pul l

the prop through safely

The 11BC and 11CC interiors were similar with a slight edge going to the

llCC for a few interior appointments added to enhance the automobile-like

feel to the cockpit Hap Granier the designer of the interior of all three postwar Aeroncas worked his magic on the Chiefs to give them a small sedan or coupe

feeling Bedford whipcord upholstery and side panels the zebrawood pattern wood-gra in-printed instrument panel and control wheels instead of control

sticks all contributed to that atmosphere

Both the 11CC and 11BC featured a large dorsal fin but the 11CC had a

different elevator stabilizer configuration That fact is sometimes lost on reshy

storers and aircraft modifiers who incorrectly (and illegally) put the earlier

11AC or llBC stab elevator combination on an llCC The 11CC has an aeroshy

dynamically balanced elevator designed to meet the hands-off gliding speed requirements of the then-new CAR 03 regulations Aeronca also had the llCC

certified in the Utility category as well as the Normal category with maximum gross weights of 1 290 and 1 350 pounds respectively That right there is a major difference in the airplanes as they are viewed in the market today The 11BC with a maximum gross weight of 1250 pounds is sport pilot eligible

while the llCC by virtue of its 1350 weight is not Interestingly a few llCC additions made it into the llBC as well Both

Chiefs as well as the four-place Aeronca Sedan shared the same rudder brake pedals with toe brakes instead of the heel brakes seen on the Champ Both feature flight characteristics similar to the Champ with the Chiefs having

the edge when it comes to cross-country flights With a 70-pound baggage alshylowance and up to 23 gallons of fuel on board the Chief is a great traveling machine if you re not in a hurry But when you re flying something as pretty as

a Chief whos in a big hurry

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 1 9

BONNIE KRATZ

He Danny Poultons Aeronca Chief features a custom color scheme that is reminiscent of the original decoration composed by Hap Granier for Aeroncas4012E side-by-side personal airplane

where I~gOt~t~h~e~iiiiiiiiiiibullbullbullbull con- trol yoke covers with the Aeronca logos the ashshytrays the bezels and the air box for the cabin heat I even found the pishytot tube and hand brake on eBay If I would have had to physically search for all of that stuff Id probably still be looking

Wag-Aero came to the rescue in supplying the struts and wing leadshying edges

III was able to use most of the origishynal boot cowl but the original noseshybowl was really bad and was cut for the McDowell starter so I used an STCd fiberglass replacement If I find a good original I may change that

11Th is airplane came out of the facshytory with toe brakes which were with the airplane and I stayed with the mechanical brakes and just installed new pads You dont really need

20 JUNE 2007

brakes on the airshyplane for anything so they work just fine

Danny was planning on flying the airplane a lot and added a venturi so he could run an artificial horizon and added air vent holes

When we were doing the inteshyrior there was no kit available for the headliner so a neighbor Phyllis Dalshyton sewed one up using the original material found on Chiefs That was really tedious Then I made the side panels and covered them with Airtex fabric and had to fabricate a new bagshygage door and make the boards for the seats

The panel had already been cleaned so the wood grain was gone but I decided not to try to put it on I did however make two metal glove

compartments for it The sliding windows were

original to the airplane but the polished prop isnt I just thought it looked betshyter polished

When the airframe was done and ready to be covered Danny went with Poly-Fiber and shot it with Aeroshythane but not in the original colshyors or scheme

IIAirtex had some sample seat covers for the airplane that were inexpensive so I bought them and had the paint mixed to go with the seat covers Also the paint stripes arent original They

mimic the factory scheme but arent exact I should also mention that I had some help with the fabric from Larry and Phyllis Dalton who helped cover the airplane This was my first time and they made it easy

Since Danny had no engine he was starting from scratch in that area The original was a C8S-8 but with his papaerwork he found a Supplemental Type Certificate (STC) that opened interesting new avenues

There was part of an STC in our paperwork that would let me install a -12 engine and that would allow me to have an electric starter which I reshyally wanted The problem was that the STC wasnt complete Plus the -8 mount is

than the shy12 so its not

a plug-andshyplay

change and I

expected some problems

getting the papershywork straightened out

I called the Atshylanta Flight Stanshydards District Office and really

lucked out The Coshylumbia Federal Aviashy

tion Agency (FAA) field examiner came out looked the airplane over and said hed be happy to clean up the paperwork and submit it to Atlanta for me What I thought was going to be a problem turned out to be quite easy

Unfortunately Danny found out that things dont always go easy when restoring an airplane and his headaches came in the form of his first engine

I had two sons

Dale and lD

and a wonderful

wife and 1 didnt

want to lose all of

that just because

1 was overweight

So 1 started

looking for an

airplane to rebuild

as a way to keep

myself busy

I bought a C8S-12 that had been overhauled I had flown it for about 22 hours when one cylinder lost a lot of compression so we pulled the jug When we got inside we found that the rod was just banging around in there and was loose on the crank When we split the case we found the crank was badly scored and a lot of metal had gone through the engine so I had to find another one

The second engine was freshly overhauled by an FAA-certified shop

in 2000 after a prop strike The guy I bought it from was building a homebuilt and

was afraid that the engine was going to sit too long before his

project was completed so he sold it Everything checked out to be perfect and it has been humming along with no problems since day one

We flew the airplane for the first time July I 2006 and I had a local pilot Gary Dalton do the test hop I dont mind telling you that I was nershyvous watching it When I flew it for the first time I had only 10 hours of tailshywheel time Id logged while getting my tail wheel endorsement I was a little nervous then too but everything went beautifully When we flew it it was alshymost exactly three years to the day that we unloaded it from the trailer

When I started I guess I became a little compulsive about working on it Id eat in the hangar work until 10 or 11 every night and sometimes Id wake up in the middle of the night and go out and work on it When Id get home from church on Sunday Id change clothes and go out and get something done Im glad I did it that way because it really helped me with the other problem

In the process of restoring his Chief Danny met several goals The first was finishing and flying his own Chief but the second and more imshyportant was taking control of his life From the time he started the Chief to the time he flew it he lost 230 pounds and added no telling how many years to his life Most people have difficulty committing to just finishing an airshyplane so Danny is to be congratushylated for two jobs well done ~

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 21

~The Bmiddot thof

Creating a classic design BY CHESTER L PEEK PHD

Could you in three months time design and build a new light plane without tools or factory and with very little money Impossible you say But that is just what eG Tayshylor did in the spring of 1936 when he introduced the legendary Taylorshycraft to the aviation world Heres the story

In the last week of December 1935 eG Taylor was confined to his bed ill and completely discourshy

aged Days before he and Bill Piper Hangar at Butler Pennsylvania 1936 Still in use today had signed a legal document that dissolved their troubled partnership For Taylors share of the Taylor Cub company (which was in debt more than $90000) he received approximately $5000 to be paid out in small installments over three years

Byron Shinn knew Taylor well both as a customer and friend In a 1991 letter he describes Taylors situashytion and subsequent events

Back in the 1930s we had a small manufacturing comshypany located in one of the hangars on the Butler Pennsylvashynia airport called The Shinn Devices Company We made aluminum wheels for aircraft 4 bead diameter 700X4 tire and at that time sold them to most of the light aircraft manshyufacturers including the Taylor and Piper organization in Bradford Pennsylvania We had a quite complete machine shop and engineering design business I remember how Taylorcraft got started One very cold winter day probably in December 1935 I drove up to see Taylor in Bradford The roads were terrible ice coated and I almost had several acshycidents When I got there I found Taylor sick in bed and in a very discouraged frame of mind He had just been kicked out of his company by Piper and had little or no money or employment I told him with his abilities as an aircraft deshysigner and builder that he should certainly try to get back in the business and offered to help if I could

I went back to Butler and contacted D Bar Peat who was a promoter a very nice fellow who was running the Butler

Ken SchoHer about 1980 airport I asked if he could raise some money to start Tayshy22 JUNE 2007

TAYLORCRAFT BY C 6 TAYLOR PlmBUR6H-BUTLER AIRPORT BunER PA

STABLE FAST A NEW LIGHT PLANE ECONOMICAL LOWPRICED

First Taylorcraft ad February 1936 Aero Digest

First Taylorcraft specifications Photo is of a model

during the

Depression

you NEVER

left a job

Yet these men

deeply loyal

to Taylor

came with him

to this chancy

new venture Byron Shinn about 1936

TAYLORCRAFT Model A

ATe pendingB_ Span 36 (11 m) Length 22 (67 m) Heicht 6 8 (21 m) Wm area 169 fLgt (156 ml) Power Ioodiaa 2IS IbsJhp (118 kcJho) WioJ Ioadma 58 1bbullJIt (293 kcl) Weicht empty 570 Ibs (259 kg) U falload 420 Ibs (190 kc) Payload 181 lbo (82 kcl Gr weiht m lbo (449kcr Bant I Ibs (5 kg) Fuel 10 gals

~L~~L11t1iLk hp

~~~gtam~~hm~~49 kph) l~ mph (51h ) Semlte laquoiliaC 101000 ft (4260 m) imb per min 400 It (122 tn) Cruig rang 210 mi (371 1aD) ~ F welded eel tubg four JODIeIODS of proareqjve diameters wood faired and fabric conrcd removable maine mouat j streued fot SO hp installamiddot tion Wg two paDdJ bolted to fuselafefabric _ ~ oectioo With eJlipticalJy rOUDded tips JOlid apruce JPlrs

Zplace ATC

metal ribs fabricated from drawn NicraJ secshytions sinclc drag wire bracinc built-up metal frame ailerons fabric COYered and of the balanced type with DO exposed horns

=r~~brTc ~~ai~~~wd~ removable fin elentor and stabiliurs inshyterlthanaeable right or IefL Landing rear =evbsor~ closed~~~es color ocJlulosc finish with trim Two-place flex-wine seat 39 inches ide--by-lide cabin fabric lined and fire-wall sound proofed all control cables and fittinp in the cabin are fully enclosed Baggag compartment 6- X 9- X w- back of seaL

~~6oo-~~bS~ wbeds DuPont Pluticell 1rindJhield rulr her mounted illltrument pampDe1 ~ Aeromarinc altimeter U S 011

~~itfra~~ pass or other instnunmts extra

Carlson and Harold White who were engineers Ken Tibbits and Les Salshychow Parks College graduates along with mechanics Colby Carpenter and William Crawford All these men had good secure jobs with Piper and durshying the Depression you NEVER left a job Yet these men deeply loyal to Taylor came with him to this chancy new venture All would eventually rise to responsible executive posishytions with Taylorcraft

Ken Scholter a local mechanic was hired as a welder Contemposhyrary reports credit him with most of the welding on the new plane Forshytunately he was also an amateur photographer and documented the building process on film He furshynished most of the photos shown in this article

Shinn resumes I When Taylor came to Butler he had very little money we all had very little money at that time I believe he got a small settlement from Piper for his share of the Cub company This was in the depths of the Depresshysion We doled the money out a few dolshylars at a time and started to build the first plane We used our machine shop to make the draw bench to make the rib parts and to make most of the parts jigs and dies that required machining

An engineering department was set up I hired a draftsman when Ray Carlshyson moved down from Bradford Tayshylor and the mechanics would make the parts and then the draftsman would

lor up again in the airplane business He along with Col make the drawings We designed a new wheel for the plane Breckenridge and some others did raise a little money about lightweight and very strong being constructed of an alumishy$1000 as I recall enough to include the building of the jigs num stamping fastened to a cast aluminum end rim Tayshyand fixtures and the first plane We moved Taylor and his lor and I also developed the new tapered axle which was family to Butler rented him a house and started work in a lighter and less costly A new Goodrich tire size 600 x 6 vacant hangar on the Butler airport SeveraL of Taylors men was used from Bradford came with him II The plane was designed and built during the first four

Actually six key Bradford employees left Piper and to five months of 1936 This must have been some sort of joined Taylor in the new enterprise They were Ray record When the plane was finished the test pilot Tibbits

VINTA GE A IR PLANE 23

One day we came to work

to find trucks backed up

to the hangar and Taylor

hauling away all the

Taylorcraft parts Batch of Shinn 800 x 4 wheelsjigs and fixtures

started the test flights First he taxied the plane up and down the runway then flew it the length of the runway just off the ground then made flights a bit higher and finally made circuits The plane flew very well but would not stall The CAA required proper recovery from a stall so Taylor worked on the horizontal tail surfaces so that a stall could be induced and the plane passed the CAA tests

Taylor was a design genius The CAA had just released a new-design wing curve and Taylor was the first I

ffi believe to use it The wing curve was ~ ~ faster and had a soft stall ~ This was the NACA 23012 airfoil z ~ Taylor once told the author that in

Fuselage structure 1935 he built a set of wings for the Cub using that airfoil but Piper veshytoed the change They were hanging on a wall when the Bradford factory burned in 1937

Shinn says I started an advertising campaign beginning with a very small ad in Aero Digest saying IISomething new is coming in Aviation The next ads told a little more People were very enthusiastic about the new plane It was much advanced over the Cub beshying faster with side-by-side seating and wheel controls Before long we had reshyceived down payments from over 50 customers $200 each as I recall This

ffi was due to correspondence with old ~ ~ Taylor Cub dealers and the Aero Dishy~ z gest ad In a 1992 interview Bob UJ

Taylor eGs son confirmed thisWing details He remembered his father waking

24 JUNE 2007

First A-40 run-up May 1936

him up one night in Butler and showing him $10000 in down payments

The first ad appeared in the February issue of Aero Digest and is shown on this page A later ad showed a photo of the plane but since no plane had been comshypleted at that time it was actually a snapshot of a model CG Taylor built on his kitchen table First the new trademark Taylorcraft was used but when Beechcraft threatened legal action claiming Taylorcraft sounded too much like Beechcraft the ads were changed to read Airplanes by GG Taylor However they resumed us-

CG Taylor and a Model ATaylorcraft 1936

ing the Taylorcraft name after sevshyeral months

Shinn continues D Bar Peat was always trying to promote the plane On Sundays they would put on an air show at the Butler airport and 200 to 300 people would atshytend Som e way he got the Taylorshycraft to lead the way when all the planes taxied by the grandstand at the Cleveland Air Races

Meanwhile in the hangar facshytory the prototype plane was beshying rushed to completion but not fast enough to suit Taylor He

once told the author I was away ~ from the plant for three days havshyo ~ ing given instructions to complete sect the engine mount When I returned

it was not done I hung the engine in the right place with a chain hoist we

cut the tubing to (it and it was done in an hour On May 1 the Continental A-40 engine SIN 635

was run up for the first time then on May 8 Taylor signed an application for an experimental certificate Only eight days later on Saturday May 16 CAA inshyspector RA Young witnessed the test flight and issued certificate X-16393 to the first Taylorcraft SIN 25 Apshyproximately three months had elapsed from the time construction was started until the new plane was airshyborne A remarkable achievement

It was a beautiful plane sleek and streamlined a far VINTAGE AIRPLANE 25

Test flight of the first Taylorcraft May 1936

1 rryen~~A1~~~ )~ ~- shyITS A - -=- (=- = --- I FAF

BEAUTY 51495middot00-----shy~GRACEFULLY CONTINENTAL

STREAMLINED - - _ MOTOR

C G TAYL O R bull PlttsburqhmiddotBuUer Airport bull Bu tler Penna

April 1936 ad in Aero Digest

cry from Taylors boxy square-cornered E-2 Cub With side-by-side seating and wheel controls it rivaled much larger more expensive planes such as the Waco and Stinson Weight had been kept to a minimum the proshytotype weighed only 570 pounds It was much faster than the Cub The first prospective customers who flew the plane verified the advertised cruising speed of 80 mph In a race with two locals an Aeronca C-3 and a Kinner Fleet the Taylorcraft won easily

The investors at Butler were elated With nearly 100 orders and down payments received for their new plane they envisioned a rapid production buildup and the prospects of a thriving profitable enterprise Their faith however had been misplaced

Shinn continues But unknown to D Bar Peat and me Taylor had been talking to others about financing and a place to manufacture the plane One day we came to work to find trucks backed up to the hangar and Taylor haulshying away all the Taylorcraft parts jigs and fixtures They moved to Alliance Ohio where they got one years free rent on a large old airplane factory financing and tax breaks D Bar Peat and I retained a lawyer to try to get back our inshyvestment eventually getting back some shares ofTaylorcraft 26 JUNE 2007

stock instead of money And Piper quit buying my wheels and switched to Hayes

Happily Taylor and Shinn soon put their legal difshyferences behind them and remained good friends and business associates for many years

Shinn was not alone in his disappointment when the unexpected move came Scholter was out of a job In 1992 he made this comment They left Butler owing me almost a months pay which I never got But they did give me a very nice letter of recommendation

The Alliance Review newspaper proudly announced the arrival of the new aircraft enterprise in its July 9 1936 edition But that is a story for another day

Authors note When researching my book The Taylorcraft Story in

1992 I was privileged to personally interview four prishymary information sources regarding the Butler Pennshysylvania events eG Taylor Bob Taylor Ken Scholter and Byron Shinn The history above was taken from those interviews and contemporary newspaper articles

_ 55 ~a-~~~ition

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LIN COL N MERCURY

EXTRA The Butler Manufacturing Co NL-I3 biplane

The March 2007 Mystery Plane is the 1932 Butler Manufacturing Co NL-13 biplane designed by Albin Kasper Longren (sometimes simply reshyferred to as the Longren NL-13)

AK Longren had a very long and interesting aviation career Born in a log cabin near Clay Center Kansas in 1882 he was the one of 14 children born to Swedish immigrant homeshystead farmers Charles and Emma Lonshygren In 1901 he took a business course from the International Corresponshydence School (ICS) which he followed up with an ICS diploma in mechanical engineering from 1907-1911

Longrens interest in aviation beshygan with his observations of Henry L Call in 1908 Call originally a New York lawyer author and socialist had moved to Girard Kansas in February of 1908 in order to construct a large and ungainly flying machine powered by two 20-hp Curtiss B-4 engines Known as the Mayfly and The Chicken (among other colorful names) the airshycraft failed to fly despite modification Call enjoyed the support of the nashytional socialist newspaper An Appeal to Reason and constructed several aircraft under the aegis of The Aerial Navigashytion Company of America starting in 1908 before the company changed its name

Beginning in 1911 Call manushyfactured two-cylinder and fourshycylinder horizontally opposed air-cooled engines which h e marshyketed to would-be aviators through

28 JUNE 2007

BY WESLEY SMITH

advertisements (primarily in Aircraft and Fly magazines published by Alshyfred W Lawson of 1920 Lawson Airshyliner fame) The two-cylinder Call was rated at 45 hp and the four-cylshyinder engine was rated at 90 hp Call engines were among the first aircraft engine to be fitted with mufflers an individual muffler being attached to the exhaust port of each cylinder

With his brother EJ Longren and a mechanic named William Janeke Longren constructed a Curtiss-type pusher biplane in Topeka Kansas Beshygun in the summer of 1910 the Toshypeka I was not completed until the fall of 1911 Fitted with a 60-hp Hall-Scott A-2 a water-cooled V-8 the Topeka I became the first successful aircraft to be completed in the state of Kansas Longren made his first flight on Sepshytember 2 and on September 5 1911 he made two flights the first flight reaching about 225 feet in altitude and covering 15 miles and the secshyond reaching about 300 feet and covshyering six miles

Of course Longren was only one of numerous individuals who built Curtiss-type pushers Plans for early Herring-Curtiss machines were pubshylished in Aeronautics and other aviashytion periodicals as well as in books With some individual alterations many such aircraft were built in the United States prior to Americas entry into World War 1

At any rate Longren soon went into the exhibition business with

H Young renaming the Topeka I as the Dixie Flyer The words Dixie Flyer - AK Longren - Aviator were painted on the underside of the Topeka IDishyxie Flyers monoplane canard Between 1911 and 1914 Longren gave 1372 exhibition flights in Kansas Texas Oklahoma Nebraska and Colorado for the Young Aviation Co

In 1912 Longren built a second Curshytiss-type with a Hall-Scott A-2 This airshycraft incorporated the improvements Curtiss had made to his newer aircraft during 1911-1912 and in due course the mid-gap ailerons were moved to the trailing edges of the upper wing This aircraft was sold to Longrens forshymer student and friend Phil Billard who used it to give exhibition flights This aircraft sometimes known as the Topeka II was presented to the Kansas State Historical Society in 1938 where it still exists as a display

In the spring of 1914 Longren took time to marry Ms Dolly Trent Later that winter (1914-1915) Longren built his first entirely original aircraft design - a two-place tractor biplane again seshylecting the reliable Hall-Scott as the powerplant During an exhibition at the Dickson County Fair at Abilene on September 9 1915 the aircraft stalled on takeoff and was destroyed hitting an automobile that was leaving the fairshygrounds Longrens passenger was relashytively unscathed but Longren suffered a broken leg and several internal injuries

While recovering from his injushyries in early 1916 Longren with Phil

Billard began the construction of his fourth aircraft the Model G The Model G was a clean two-place tractor biplane with a strong resemblance to a Curtiss IN-4 In fact it was powered by a Curtiss OX-2 and was intended for sale to the warring European powers However only two were sold one to the Kansas National Guard the other being used for exhibition flights

Late in the year Longren built a small tractor biplane sometimes reshyferred to as the Longren Bus The conshystruction featured a three-ply wooden monocoque fuselage and was built for William Burt of Okmulgee Oklahoma A second machine was constructed for Lester Miller of Dallas Texas who inshytended to use the aircraft for aerobatic exhibitions By late 1917 Longren had moved on to another two-place design known as the Model H As in the case of the earlier Longren Bus the Model H used a wooden monocoque fuselage The Model H was powered by a Curshytiss 90-hp OX-5 engine unfortunately while on his way to Kansas City Misshysouri Longren suffered an engine failshyure near Wakarusa Kansas The aircraft was destroyed in a crash which proved fatal to a cow standing in the field in which Longren was forced down He was made to pay $10000 in restitution to the angry farmer After that interest in the Model H faded away

Late in 1917 Longren became involved with Frederick W Buck MD ME and applied for a posishytion as chief engineer with the Buck Aircraft and Munitions Co of Denshyver To what extent Longren became involved with Dr Buck is unknown Buck (a long with Elmer Sperry and later Charles F Kettering at DaytonshyWright) had plans to develop and sell an aerial torpedo - essentially a small 50-hp biplane cruise misshysile which was intended to fly on a preprogrammed course then shed its wings at the proper time and place depositing a bomb contained within the crude fuselage framework

Longrens career took another path after his debacle with the Model H After failing to establish a new airshycraft company in Overland Park Kansas Longren eventually took a

position at McCook Field as an airshycraft inspector The Great War had cost Longrens friend Phil Billard his life when he was killed in a flying accident while serving in Issoudun France Longrens position at McshyCook had allowed him the opportushynity to examine every domestic and foreign-built aircraft tested there unshytil the time of his departure in 1919 On June 17 1919 Longren formed the Longren Aircraft Corp in Topeka Kansas using a former woolen mill in the Oakland suburb as the site for the new corporation The first aircraft to come out of the plant was the rebuilt Model H now resurrected as the H-2 It is unclear as to how the H-2 differed from the earlier Model H but by midshy1920 Longren had gone in yet another direction with the construction of the two-place Model D-2 - a small aircraft powered by a three-cylinder Y conshyfiguration Lawrence Model B engine of 35-60 hp Within a year the D-2 had evolved to become the Longren Model AK Sport

Described in the pages of Aviashy

tion and Aerial Age Weekly (Volume 11 Number 12 Sept 291921 pages 336-337 and Volume 14 Numshyber 3 Sept 26 1921 pages 55-56 respectively) the two-place Longren Sport or Fibre Sport was a sensational design that incorporated the three-ply laminated wooden monocoque fuseshylage of the 1916 Longren Bus and the 1917 Model H and a set of folding biplane wings to facilitate storage It is unclear as to how the fuselage of the Sport may have differed from earshylier Longren monocoque construcshytion techniques if at all

However a 1925 Longren patent describes the use of diamond-shaped wood fibre shell (procured from the National Fibre Co) being covered with an additional two layers of wood laminations on either side The fushyselage was made in upper and lower halves using steam-pipe-heated conshycrete male and female molds clamped together using 6000 pounds of presshysure The sections were then trimmed and dried with special provision for humidity control before being joined

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 29

to a framework of grooved ash longeshyrons and formers The fuselage formshyers were made of three-ply materials engine-bearing formers were made of a seven-ply material The formers were in turn attached to the fuseshylage shells with screws Finally the fushyselage was varnished inside and out with Valspar varnish the exterior reshyceiving a coat of pigmented varnish before a final clear coat

Sold with both Lawrence Model Lshy2 three-cylinder Y-style and Anzani sixshycylinder radial engines the Longren Fibre Sport was flown in several notashyble Midwestern aviation events during the early 1920s During the American Legion Air Meet at Kansas City (Octoshyber 31 - November 3 1921) the Sport made 38 consecutive loops while being flown by ND Trinler Two Sports were also flown during a special efficiency race held at Omaha Nebraska on Noshyvember 11 An AK Sport again flown by Trinler placed second with a speed of 7791 mph when flown over a 153shymile triangular course Later that Noshyvember two AK Sports were placed at the disposal of the Kansas City Star to deliver newspapers from Kansas City to Lawrence Kansas in record time During a game between the Missouri Tigers and the Kansasjayhawks a teleshygraph wired a play-by-play account of the football game to the Stars office The newspapers were then promptly set printed and delivered via aircraft to the Lawrence street vendors beshyfore departing fans were even able to reach their homes

After establishing a climb record for Longren aircraft in 1922 the Longren Sport attracted the attention of customshyers from as far away as China and the Soviet Union In 1923 the US Navy became interested and on February 19 1924 Lt jB Kneip flew the accepshytance tests for the first of three Lonshygren AK Sports that were sold to the Navy (serial numbered A6745 through A6747) The first machine was shipped to Washington DC for testing at the Anacostia Naval Air Station while the other two were delivered to Pensacola However documentation of their subshysequent testing and use by the Navy remains elusive

30 JUNE 2007

Photos of Longren Sports and the later NL-13 show the distinctive Lonshygren company logo painted on the side of the fuselage and perhaps a few words need to be said about it This consisted of four capital ilLs joined at the top of each letter This formed a crux gammata or swastika although the direction the letters pointed was counter-clockshywise as opposed the symbols use on aircraft flown by Nazi Germany in which the bottom of the ilLs point in a clockwise direction Prior to its adoption by the Nazi Party this ancient symbol was seen as far afield at the Southwestshyern United States where it was a sacred symbol of Native Americans and in Inshydia and in Runic Europe During The Great War the Indian head emblem of Seaplane Pilots Association (SPA) 124 included a crux gammata as part of the headdress worn by the Native Amerishycan chief tan In its time and place it was considered as a symbol of good forshytune and was in no way considered to be an insult In fact after World War I Finland adopted a grayish-blue crux

gammata inscribed within a white circle as the national insignia for its aircraft In Longrens case the ilL was inscribed with a second ilL and the rest of the letters in Longrens surname In addishytion to that a circular logo and was placed at the center of the emblem to which a set of wings and a propeller reached out to a point near the tips of the ilLs So as it turns out the Lonshygren swastika was covered by what might roughly be considered a crux

immissa or crucifix Longren had no connections to fascist idealism The company logo which originated in the Midwest in the early 20s was simply a clever play on the primary letter in Longrens surname

No matter how good an aircraft the Longren Sport was the company could not survive on such limited orders and the last aircraft was sold in May of 1924 The remaining company assets patents and facilities were sold at an auction in March 1926 The Longren Sport was resurrected briefly in 1928 when the American Eagle Aircraft Corporation of Kansas City Missouri built a solitary aircraft as the Model A-429 However the aircraft was much different than the

original Longren Sport and the design was not pursued further Following the collapse of his company Longren was hired by Willis Brown to become viceshypresident of production at the Spartan Aircraft Co in Tulsa When Brown left in 1929 Longren also moved on to beshycome a design consultant at the Butshyler Manufacturing Co at Kansas City Butler had planned to manufacture the Butler Blackhawk biplane However the company was unable to do this and all manufacturing was halted in 1931 At this pOint Longren made a deal to build a new airplane -- the NL-13

Registered as X12538 and sporting the distinctive Longren fuselage logo the NL-13 (NL possibly standing for New Longren) fuselage was built usshying a new machine-forming method for heat-treated duralumin sheets The upper and lower fuselage halves of the 1932 NL-13 biplane were joined to T-shaped longerons and riveted toshygether Fuselage formers also made of liT cross-section were riveted to the halves creating a very strong duralushymin semi-monocoque fuselage Like the earlier Longren AK the NL-13 had twin side-by-side seating The powerplant of the aircraft was a Martin 333 of 120 hp With the exception of the wing spars the NL-13 was of all-metal construction the wings being fabric covered

The aircraft was first tested by George Gay in August of 1932 At that time Gay worked for the aeronautics branch of the Civil Aeronautics Administrashytion (CAA) The aircraft was found to be slightly tail-heavy This was cured by a slight stabilizer adjustment The engine also suffered from a slight overshyheating problem This was corrected by enlarging the cooling louvers and subshystituting the original propeller with anshyother type

The NL-13 had a span of 28 feet and a length of 22 feet Apparently the goal of the NL-13 was to obtain a military contract After further testing at Roosshyevelt Field Long Island New York the fuselage of the NL-13 was sold to the United States Army Air Corps and underwent stress evaluation at Wright Field Dayton OhiO in june 1933 After slight modification to some of the stiff-

continued on page 37

Flying to me is all about having fun Its grass strips and old

friends and old airplanes The folks at AUA understand my kind

of flying and my kind of airplanes They provide great service

at very good rates and they know me as an individual not just

a policy number

- Darrell Jenkins

Dan-ell Jenkins Heber Springs AR

bull Private pilot single-engine land and sea

bull 500 hours total shy300 in taildraggers

bull Current aircraft 1948 Ercoupe 415-E

AUA is Vintage Aircraft Association approved To become a member of VAA call 800middot843middot3612

AUAs Exclusive fAA Vintage AircraftJUsociation Insurance Program

Lower liability and hull premiums - Medical payments induded - Fleet discounts for multiple aircraft carrying all risk coverages

continued from page 3

EAA Seeks to Preserve Access to Repair Station Services

EAA cautions that proposed aircraft repair station certification regulations could harm many small general aviashytion shops and adversely affect airshycraft owners seeking to maintain the airworthiness of their aircraft

The FAA estimates the cost for deshyveloping and implementing a new quality system called for by the proshyposed regulations at $34500 per reshypair station Many small operations cannot afford such an expense and it could force some to close their doors

We fear that these requirements would ultimately result in diminshyished availability of qualified and experienced maintenance expertise especially for the vintage fleet said Earl Lawrence EAA vice president of industry and regulatory affairs Airshycraft owners could be forced to use maintenance facilities with less speshycialized experience on their aircraft type making it more difficult to comshyplete major repairs and changes to small aircraft potentially impacting safety as well

EAA also questions the feasibility of requiring repair stations to mainshytain an approved capability list for each make series and model of airshycraft its permitted to work on Many small operators often inspect and maintain virtually hundreds of airshycraft types creating an administrashytive nightmare

EAA is willing to discuss how the FAA could best address its quality concerns while ensuring the ownshyers of small aircraft continue to have ready access to repair station services One suggestion EAA proposed is to exempt or lessen requirements for smaller shops with fewer than a given number of employees

EAAs full comments can be found at wwwEAAorgcommunications eaanewsRepa ir_Station_NPRM_Draftpdf The notice of proposed rulemaking is at httpDMSESDOTgovdocimages pdf99431749_webpdf 32 JUNE 2007

Young Eagle 13 Million Hails From New Mexico

Arlene Martinez in the right seat with volunteer Young Eagles pilot Paul Rachels

The EAA Young Eagles program the worlds most successful youth aviation initiative ever has registered the 13-millionth Young Eagle flown She is Arlene Martinez age 12 of Yuma Arizona who took her flight on March 17 at Somerton Airport (54AZ) in a Cessna 170 piloted by Paul Rachels EAA 633950 Rachels is president and Young Eagles coordinator for Yuma EAA Chapter 590

Arlene was very enthusiastic said Rachels who has flown 123 Young Eagles She definitely enjoyed the flight and would like to do it again He always gets a kick out of how kids react to their special flights Its as incredible an experience

for me as it is for them and I have 700 hours of flight time Steve Buss EAA Young Eagles executive director called it another important

milestone for the program which this year marks its 15th anniversary year-the birthday will be marked at AirVenture this year Its wonderful to recognize Paul and Arlenes flight but we also applaud the outstanding continuing support and enthusiasm for Young Eagles by our members We extend our congratulations to all who have helped the program reach this unprecedented level of participation

Nominations Due June 15 for EAA Young Eagles Awards Each year EAA honors several special volunteers at EAA AirVenture with the

annual Young Eagles awards and theres still time to nominate a deserving pershyson for 2007

Nominations for the following awards are being accepted through June 15

bull Chapter Coordinator bull Field Representative bull Ground Support Volunteer bull Young Eagles Humanitarian (presented for efforts to reach special needs

Young Eagles) bull Young Eagles Horizon Award (recognizing efforts to go beyond the basic

Young Eagles flight) Awards will be presented at a special ceremony held at EAA AirVenture Museshy

ums Eagle Hangar on Wednesday July 25 To download the official nomination form visit wwwYoungEaglesorgvolunteersaward_nominationpdf

BY BUCK HILBERT

The very beginning of airworthiness certificates pilot certificates

For many years Ive talked and writshy barnstormers and promote some ten about the beginnings of the Aero order and safety to their flying It had Club of America (ACA) now known one other side effect No record atshyas the National Aeronautic Associashy tempt or air show (or air meet as they tion (NAA) Ive explained how this were called back then) could be staged pioneer era appointed Orville Wright without the approval of the Aero as the chairman of the Contest amp Reshy Club which was affiliated with the cords Board and how a pilot registrashy international governing body the Feshytion program came into being deration Aeronautique Internationale

The World War I pilots returning (FAI) The contestant was required to home were barnstorming and othershy be a member of the Aero Club which wise doing their best to make a living then issued a certification to the pishyin aviation That led to attempts to lot Hence the FAlSporting License register and somehow civilize these old-timers would show was signed by

Certifying Aircraft and Pilots

AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATE IauecI to VIlICElll ASTOR Arw 23 W 26th Sl BYCit shy

m~ts CnltiUs that the Aircraft described below has been Inspected and found AiruIo~ for daylight llyin on AJIlI 0VEIl WUER OKLY

For the Fl)1nA Season of 1922 ~- ~-=l1=~== Cmlampato NJiI~_ _ -- UND ElV1UTEIS~OIlIS Iae

o o-_pmiIyenr3~J__I922 III _ - ~ t

_ _ Mri N=A1fefJ~mATE WAmR AmClWr _ _______ 1 - PQRIlrASRDWTCJN l T bull Y

N_- 01 AlOft to 5 M- 1-1 AJkwL c 9on MuwLOEBDIG AERO ElIGR C~IIoTNo 23-t SodoIH9~iF--__ 0- 30 pr 3 I~ _ 42 PT 6 U __ n 8 Pr _ 2700 4100 II UMIwI 1400 shy_ 130 M _Cd 20000 hlln_H_ 2S_ _ T LIBRRrY I I OBE __ US 32230 __ Do 5 000 - JfAJlJODS JULY 7 1922

Orville Wright It was a requirement of the federal government No federal requirement for a pilots certificate would come into being until the Air Commerce Act gave that authority and responsibility to the Department of Commerce on May 20 1926

In all of the information Ive read on the early days of the ACA later the NAA there was never any menshytion of aircraft standards or airworshythiness certificates I never quesshytioned it and as a matter of fact I never gave it a thought

Then along comes friend and Vinshytage member Mitch Wohl from Barrington Illinois and he drops two books on my desk The first one I picked up was titled A Symbol of Safety This book was first published in 1923 and tells all about the foundshying of the Underwriters Laboratories (UL) Reprinted in 1995 it goes into great detail as to the history of UL I found it very interesting

The second book published on the 100th anniversary of Underwritshyers Laboratories in 1994 amplifies a bit of the material that was pub-

This airworthiness certificate was issued by an Underwriters Laborashytories inspector Maj J W Jones who deemed the Loening Air Yacht of Vincent Astor to be in airworthy condishytion It is restricted to dayligbt flying and over water only Heres a photo of its sister ship from the 1922 Airshycraft Yearbook

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 3 3

Loening monoplane Flying Yacht 100 hp Liberty engine which made a world record for aHitude with three passengers and pilot 19500 feet

lished in the 1923 book Its entire theme is Making the World Safe for Technology What a revelation both regarding the organization s history in general and its involveshyment in aviation

The real beginnings were at the 1893 Worlds Fair at the Great White City in Chicago The Electricity Building had frequent visits by the fire brigade in response to the new alshyternating current electricity displays catching fire and causing problems It was then that William Henry Merrill began his testing lab which proved

electricity could be a servant rather than a master

Our only function is to serve not to profit We are doing someshything for manufacturers buyers and property owners everywhere We are doing things for humanity was a direct quote from Merrill This was the beginning of the lab The lab was funded by corporations that wanted their products tested as well as by the insurance underwriters themselves

From 1893 through 1905 the budshyget expanded from a mere $3000 to more than $300000 During that

The book goes into

great detail

as to physical

standards for

airmen There were

all sorts of tests

for altitude tolerance

fatigue and eyesight

and their standards

specify annual physicals

rAiLW~eeL5

srlINSON 15 JOCII~Y

34 JUNE 2007

time more than 7500 reports were published the lab moved to larger quarters it was chartered in Illinois and the landmark inspection and label service was established Within two years UL inspectors were at work in 67 citshyies UL got into everything electrical fire prevention fire extinguishers automobiles oil and gasses and transportashytion as well Thats where we come in airplanes

When the first commercial airplane takes off here in the USA in the 20s UL registers airplanes certifies pilots and issues the now rather quaint-sounding Rules of the Air

Im getting ahead of the full story but in a nutshell the National Aircraft Underwriters Association proposed and requested UL become the custodian of the official register of all aircraft pilots (other than government pilots) and take full charge of all details connected therewith

UL undertook this branch of the work on July I 1921 The book goes into great detail as to physical stanshy

dards for airmen There were all sorts of tests for altitude tolerance fatigue and eyesight and their standards specify annual physicals

No wonder the early birds were considered supermen The next step was to create a register of commercial and private aircraft On May I 1922 UL began a nationwide inspection service in order to make it possible to issue cershytificates of airworthiness for individual aircraft The details of the inspections and the people employed to conduct them is an early Whos Who in aviation The inspections were very stringent and as demanding for the aircraft as they were for the pilots

And that dear friends is the story of the first airworshythiness certificates They were all issued long before the Department of Commerce became involved and of course long before the creation of the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) and the Federal Aviation Administration

Little by little the freedoms of flight have been whittled down and the myriad of Federal Aviation Regulations we live with came about but here fellow pilots and aircraft owners was the very beginning and it was the insurance people who started it all I(

Over to you (( ~((~

~ Call to order your copies today

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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 35

BY HG FRAUTSCHY

THIS MONTHS MYSTERY PLANE PHOTO IS A BIT OF A MULLIGAN FOR THOSE OF YOU

WHO HAVE ENJOYED L1GHTPLANES FOR A NUMBER OF YEARS STILL NOT MUCH IS PUBLISHED ABOUT THIS RATHER ATTRACTIVE AMPHIBIAN

Send your answer to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box You can also send your response via e-mail Send 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Your answer needs your answer to mysteryplaneeaaorg Be sure to include to be in no later than July 15 for inclusion in the your name city and state in the body of your note and September 2007 issue of Vintage Airplane put I(Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line

MARCH S MYSTERY ANSWER

36 J UN E 2007

nology olph Dope

Heres a little about the March Mystery Plane

The subject Mystery Plane apshypears to be the Longren NL-13 sin 2 X12538 built in 1932 by Albin K Longren (1882-1950) in Kansas City Missouri Longren had been a design consultant for Butler Manushyfacturing Co during the certificashytion of the Butler Blackhawk and built the NL-13 in the Butler facility with help from Butler employees Butler had ceased production by that time in the depths of the Great Depression The NL-13 had an allshy

wing spars and the fabric wing covshyering The engine was a 120-hp Marshytin 333 inve rted inline with four cylinders The X12538 was the only NL-13 built and was not successful in reaching production although it was an ea rly example of formed alushyminum aircraft structures

My information comes from Aeroshyfilescom and from Chuck (Charles E) Lebrechts fine article entitled AK Longren - Pioneer Airman of the West published in American Aviation Historishycal Society Journal Vol26 No4 Winshyter 1981 pp258-270 Lebrechts article gives a great vjew of Longrens career as an aircraft designer and manufacturer

Jack Erickson State College Pennsylvania Other correct answers were reshy

ceived from WaIt House Wichshyita Kansas George Otto Snook Monroe Michigan John Miller Wamego Kansas Cam Bla ze r Leawood Kansas An extensive arshyticle on the airplane and AK Lonshygren written by Wesley Smith is also included in this issue of Vinshytage Airplane

metal airframe except for wooden 1---------------------------------shy

eners and bulkheads the NL-13 fuselage had a safety factor able to absorb 1683g

ahead of the center of gravity (CG) and 11g aft of the CG

This made the fuselage of the NL-13 considerably stronger than that of the Stearman YBT-3 Boeing P-26A Conshysolidated P-30 and Boeing P-12B with which it was compared the YBT-3 having a maximum g-Ioading potential of 109

both fore and aft of the CG While the reshyport recommended the possible adoption of Longrens construction techniques orshyders for the NL-13 were not forthcoming and no further examples were built

With the demise of Butler Longren went to work for himself using a porshytion of the former Butler factory at the Kansas City Municipal Airport In 1933-34 Longren did the initial metal work on the Luscombe Phantom and developed metal-working techniques with his partner Ivan Driggs Plans for opening another aircraft factory were put on hold when Cessn a reopened their Wichita Kansas facility in 1934 for production of the Cessna C-34 Cessna hired Longren as vjce-president a posishy

tion that he held until 1939 when he moved to Torrance California to open the Longren Aircraft Company

While Longren built no further airshycraft he became a successful subconshytractor of prefabricated components for other aircraft manufacturers After the end of World War II Longren sold his company and retired to a 3OOO-acre ranch at Adin Ca lifornia where he passed away due to a heart condition on Nov 19 1950 at age 68

The defini tive Longren article was written by Mr Charles E Lebrecht and was published in the Winter 1981 edishytion of the American Aviation Historical Society Journal (Volume 26 Number 4 pages 258-270) I am indebted to Mr Lebrechts excellent research for the inshyformation in this piece Further informashytion on AK Longren can be found in the pages of Aviation Quarterly (Mace Kenshyneth D Pioneer Airmen ofKansas Volshyume 5 Number 2 Second Quarter 1979 pages 152-163) Mr Maces article is also quite well-written and contains severshyal beautiful photos of Longrens aircraft as well as the 1908 Call Mayfly

VINTAGE A I RPLANE 37

The fo llowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter of information only and does not constishytute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed To submit an event send the information via mail to Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Or e-mail the information to vintageaircrafteaaorg Information should be received four months prior to the event date

JUNE S-IO-Union IL-Poplar Grove Airport Army Wings and Wheels Info Vintage Wings amp Wheels Museum 815-547middot3115 Tom Murray hiwheelsbcglobalnet

JUNE 14-17-St Louis MO-Dauster Flying Field Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) American Waco Club Flymiddotln Info Phil Coulson 269shy624-6490 or rcoulson516cscom www americanwacoclubcom

JUNE 20-2l--Lock Haven PA-William T Piper Memorial Airport (LHV) Sentimental Journey Fly-In Family oriented fly-in featuring antique and classic aircraft of all makes and models especially PIPERS Seminars vendors food camping and entertainment daily Come for the day or the week Call 570-893-4200 or 748shy5123 for more information j3cubkcnet org wwwsentimentaljourneyfly-incom

JUNE 21-24-Mt Vernon Ohio-Wynkoop Airport (6G4) 48th Annual National Waco Club Reunion Check www nationalwacoclubcom for more information and contact information Or email call Andy Heins 937 313 5931 wacoasoaolcom

JUNE 22-24-Gardner KA-Gardner Municipal Airport (K34) Greater KC VAA Chapter 16 Fly-in Contact Kevin Pratt 816-985-3248

JUNE 23-Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

JUNE 30-Chetek WI-The Chetek WI (Y23) 9AM car show craft fair and show a professional horse pull and a water ski show Plenty of food and drink available throughout the day For more info contact Chuck Harrison 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet or Tim Knutson 715-237shy2477 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

JUNE 31-Russellville KY- Russellville-Logan County Airport (4M7) 9th Annual All You Can Eat BarBQ Lunch 1100am - 200pm Rain Date July 5th Aircraft displays skydiving door prizes Everyone welcome For more information eaal165yahoo com wwwangelfirecom ky3 eaal165 Joe Lawrence 270-726-1558

JULY 4-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-llam For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

JULY 6-8--All iance Oh (2Dl)-Taylorcraft and Ohio Aeronca Aviators Fly-In See the airplanes built in Alliance OH amp Middletown

38 JU N E 2007

OH and the people that built them Camping motels food all day fbarberalliancelinkcom 330823-1168 bwmatzllacyahoocom 216 337-5643 httpwwwoaafy-incom see wwwbarberaircraftcom for airport diagrams Breakfast served Sat amp Sun 7AM to 11AM by EM Chapter 82

JULY 14-Zanesville OH-Parr Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

AUGUST 5-Queen City MO-Applegate Airport (15MO) 20th Annual Watermelon Fly-In amp BBQ 2pm til dark Come and see grass roots aviation at its best Info 660-766-2644

AUGUST S-Chetek WI-Southworth Municipal airport (Y23) BBQ Fly-In 1030am Warbird displays antique and unique airplanes antique amp collector car displays and raffles for airplane rides Procedes will be given to local charities Info Chuck Harrison - Office 715-924shy4501 Cell 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet Tim Knutson - Home 715-237-2477 Cell 651-308-2839 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

AUGUST 17-19--McMinnville OR-25th Annual West Coast Travel Air Reunion Come Celebrate the Rebirth of the Travel Air Expected to be the largest gathering of Vintage Travel Airs in recent times Held in conjunction with the Northwest Antique Airplane Club Event Info Bruce McElhoe 559-638-3746

AUGUST 18--Forest Lake MN-(25D)-Airport Fly-in and Open House lOam - 4pm 24shyhour gas and 24-hour grass 3000-foot 31 13 Forest Lake Lions serve brats corn-ltgtn-the-cob and ice cream 100LL is available John Schmidt EM 250021 St Paul Minnesota 651 776 1717

AUGUST IS-I9-Long Island NY- Bayport (23N) Annual Antique Aeroplane Fly-In Old time movies popcorn pig roast flour bomb drop and spot landing contest with the days ending in the in famous Sheep Shagger Baa For more info wwwAACGNY org or email Stuart Bain at Sbain emediaofny com

AUGUST 19-Brookfield WI-Capitol Airport (02C) Ice Cream Social and vintage Aircraft Display VAA Chapter 11 Dean London 262-442-4622

AUGUST 2S-Niles MI-Jerry Tyler Memorial Airport (3TR) VAA Chapter 35 Annual Corn amp Sausage Roast Lunch served 1100am

to 300 pm Rain date on Sunday August 26th Donations of $500 for adults and $300 for children under 12 Contact Len Jansen tripacerlenyahoocom

SEPTEMBER I -Marion IN-Marion Municipal Airport (MZZ) 17th Annual Fly-In Cruise-In 700am until 200pm This annual event features antique classic homebuilt ultralight and warbird aircraft as well as vintage cars trucks motorcycles and tractors An all-you-can-eat Pancake Breakfast is served with all proceeds going to the local Marion High School Marching Band wwwFlylnCruiselncomlnfo Ray Johnson (765) 664-2588 or rjohnson indyrrcom

SEPTEMBER I -Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $2 50 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer Phone (740) 454-7487

SEPTEMBER 2-Mondovi WI-21st Annual Log Cabin Airport Fly-In Doug Ward Owner Operator 715-287-4205 Lunch noon

SEPTEMBER 8-Newark Ohio-NewarkshyHeath Airport (VTA) Annual Fly-In DriveshyIn Breakfast Pancakes and More Young Eagles Flights Vintage Airplanes Classic Cars Tom McFadden 740-587shy2312 email EAA402adelphianet

SEPTEMBER 9-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-12pm For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

SEPTEMBER 21-22- Bartlesville OK-Frank Phillips Field (BVO) 51st Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-In Antiques Classics Light Sport Warbirds Forum Type Clubs Info Charlie Harris 918-622shy8400 wwwtulsafyincom

OCTOBER 5-7-Camden SC-Kershaw County Airport (KCDN) VAA Chapter 3 Fall Fly-In All classes welcome BBQ on field Fri Evening EAA judging all classes Sat Banquet Sat Nite Info Jim Wilson 843-753-7138 or eiwilson homexpresswaynet

OCTOBER 5-7-St Louis MO-Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) The Monocoupe Club Fly-In amp Reunion wwwmonocoupecom

OCTOBER IO-I4-Tuliahoma TN- Beech Birthday Party 2007 Staggerwing Twin Beech 18 Bonanza Baron Beech ownersamp enthusiasts Info 931shy455-1974

Your One STOP Quality Shop Hook up air hose from your compressor Add Glass Beads or otherabrasiveAim powergun 1-888-388-8803 (included) at part and remove 1-780-447-5955 rust paint and scale

Exhaust Systems FAST WORKS GREAT Abrasive recycles 22d 34w Carb Air Boxes 2012h work area22 ga steel14 Structural Assemblies ga steel legs Requires 7 Clamps amp Hardware cfm 80 psi amp shop Round Engine Exhausts

Engine Mounts Fuel Cells Heaters

All Make amp Models wwwacomweldlngcom

2007 MAJOR FLy-INS

For details on EM Chapter flymiddotins and other local avimiddot ation events visit wwweaaorgjevents

Golden West EAA Regional Ay-In

Yuba County Airport (MYV) Marysville CA

June 29middotJuly 1 2007 wwwGodenWestRynorg

Rocky Mountain EAA Regional AyJn Front Range Airport (FTG) Watkins CO

June 23-24 2007 wwwRMRRorg

Arlington EAA Ay-In

Arlington Municipal Airport (AWO) Arlington WA July 11-15 2007

wwwNWEAAorg

EAA AlrVenture Oshkosh

Something to buy sell or trade Classified Word Ads $550 per 10 words 180 words maximum with boldface

lead-in on first line

Classified Display Ads One column wide (2167 inches) by 1 2 or 3 inches

high at $20 per inch Black and white only and no frequency discounts

Advertising Closing Dates 10th of second month prior to desired issue date

(ie January 10 is the closing date for the March issue) VAA reserves the right

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-=-_tI 8015 CONCER

~oNO~Y )JY 13

presented by Ecpse ~1aton n 8lt ford otor col1pa y

Page 13: PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATIONmembers.eaavintage.org/wp...Vol-35-No-6-June-2007.pdf · PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION . ... Flightline Safety Committee and their

An early Thomas tractor hydroplane with single float and wing tip floats

Riglrt-side view of a 1916 hydroplane two-place Model B-3 Austro-Daimler powered

A much earlier Thomas hydroplane with a 90-hp Austro-Daimler engine The forward section of the hull had a fabric cover to furnish protection from the spray

With a 90-hp Austro Austro-Daimshyler engine this metal-hulled Thomas hydroplanes fuel tank was located on top of a wing

~ t J 4 bull i

bull

~r -9shy bull r 0middot -

12 J U NE 2007

Two Guns White Cap chief of the Blackfoot Indians with pilot Ralph Brown WT Thomas at right The Inmiddot dian brought the whole tribal family to witness the flight Once off the water the chief let out a war whoop to let evmiddot eryone know he was quite pleased

The Brindley Street plant in Ithaca New York about 1915 where the Tmiddot2 and Dmiddot2 tractor planes were built

Thomas was due to be added to the company This gentleman had no relation to the founders of the comshypany but he was destined to change and influence the companys direcshytion substantially Mr B Douglas Thomas became the chief engineer and airplane designer He had an exshycellent aircraft background having previously worked as assistant airshycraft deSigner for Vickers Ltd and later Sopwith Aviation Through simshyilar circumstance he also worked for Glenn Curtiss where he assisted in designing the famous Curtiss Model J tractor and the famous Jenny He also took part with Lt Porte in designing the America the first multiple-engine flying boat built for the purpose of transatlantic flight

Upon being employed by the Thomas Bros Airplane Co B Dougshylas Thomas designed its first successshyful tractor biplane The model was deSignated T-2 and was similar to the Model J Curtiss except for the addi-

Morris Chain Co Ithaca New York a subsidiary of BorgmiddotWarner where WT Thomas eventually merged his interests Mr Morris owned controlmiddot ling interest with WT Thomas as vice president

VINTAGE AIRPLA NE 13

The board room group disshycussing aircraft business Left to right Harold Bliss BD Thomas GeorgeAbel Jerome Freed Mr Morris W T Thomas Raymond Ware BD Thomas was no relation to WT Thomas

Employees of the Thomas Brothers Aeroplane Co Ithaca New York Brindley Street plant

H might be Frank Burn-side standing beside the large trainer at the Thomas School of Aviation near Hhaca New York Note that the ailerons were emshyployed up top wing only Exshyhaust stacks rose from the top of the engine and were attached to pipe which wrapped around both sides of the fuselage WT Thomas flying school was the first Board of Regents Chartered Aviation School in New York State This plane was possishybly a Model 02

14 JUNE 2007

Side profile of an assemshybled Thomas Aero Motor The hand crank was preshy

ferred to swinging the prop on a geared ltwo-to-one)

engine Note the individual cylinder primers beside

spark plugs

tion of two nose skids and the 90-hp Austro-Daimler engine It had a top speed of 83 mph and could climb 3800 feet in 10 minutes carrying a lOOO-pound load The performance of this machine added to the prestige of the companys having hired a new deshySigner and resulted in an order from the British Adshymiralty for 24 Model T-2 airplanes its first sizable order

Wit h two pre v i 0 u s One of 15 Model SH-4 hydroplanes built by Thomas-Morse for the US Navy in about 1916 It moves from Hornell New York and Bath New York

was powered with a 149-hp Sturtevant engine

the brothers looked for a new locashy signed and built a 135-hp geared commissioned in the Royal Flying tion in which to expand Ithaca New engine with the help of designers Corps This brought a number of pishyYork at the southern end of Cayuga GeorgeAbel and Harold Bliss also two lots to the shores of Cayuga Lake as Lake was a natural choice with flat of the founders of this new division World War I gained intensity fields for takeoff and landing and a In 1915 two seaplanes designated The expansion and all of the activishy40-mile-long lake constituting an SH-4 and SH-5 were built for the ties had put considerable financial strain ideal seaplane or flying boat test area Navy and the D-5 tractor plane was on the Thomas companies A refinancshyThis coupled with the cold-weather developed for the Signal Corps Furshy ing was accomplished by merging the ability to fly from the ice resulted in ther development in 1916 resulted in airplane and engine division with the an ideal location production of the SH-4 seaplane and flying school then merging with the

Shortly after the move to Ithaca IS were built for the US Navy Morse Chain Co of Ithaca New York BD Thomas designed a new model With the prestige of not only an Thus the final name that is so wellshytheD-2 tractor biplane This was the airplane company but also a moshy known Thomas-Morse Aircraft Corp first use of the new Thomas entershy tor company and a flying school was born January 31 1917 in time to prise which was to build its own enshy The Thomas School of Aviation was build the famous World War I fighters gines This auxiliary company called picked by the Canadian government To be concluded in next months The Thomas Air Motor Co had de- for pilots who would train to become issue of Vintage Airplane

V I N T AGE AI RPLA NE 15

L0023Nnr 9l

bull SIAIWel uO~lnod all~

There seems to be two distinctly different types of people in the world of little airplanes those who love and adore the Aeronca Chief and those who wouldnt know an Aeronca Chief if they found it floating in their coffee Its not a question of liking it or disliking it because its one of those airplanes that has such a low recognition factor that a relatively

small percentage of the pilot popushylation even knows it exists In some ways thats a good thing because it has helped keep the prices down for those who want a Chief of their own One of those is Danny Poulton of Belshyton South Carolina

The Poultons Chief is not your avshyerage Chief Were all used to seeing the 11AC (65 hp) or the 11CC (85 hp)

-the postwar Super Chief-but theirs is an lIBe Were not sure it ever carshyried a name but maybe we should call it the Not-Quite-Super-Chief It came out of the factory in 1947 with a C8S-8 which meant no provisions for a starter Not a normal one anyway It had a McDowell starter which was a combination of ratcheted sprockets and a lever that worked very much like the pull starter on a lawn mower with the cable going back to a hanshydle in the cockpit By the time Danny bought the airplane as a project in Michigan the starter had long since disappeared In fact everything fireshywall-forward had disappeared But were getting ahead of ourselves

Danny had owned a number of airplanes in the past and in fact had learned to fly while he was still in high school

We had aviation on my moms side of the family he says My unshycle was an airframe and powerplant mechanic (AampP) and a fUll -time corshyporate pilot and he encouraged me

He progressed through a number of airplanes most of them some varishyation of the Piper PA-28 line includshying an Arrow although a 63 C-l72 did follow him home one day

I met Donna and aviation beshycame part of our life he says In fact we were married in a 421 Cessna at five thousand feet over Anderson South Carolina

Danny didnt get into vintage airshyplanes until four years ago with the Chief It was a form of therapy because he was on a crusade to lose weight

I had let myself balloon up to 460 pounds and if I was going to live I had to lose the weight I had two sons Dale and JD and a wonderful wife and I didnt want to lose all of that just beshycause I was overweight So I started looking for an airplane to rebuild as a way to keep myself busy We live on an airpark and we had a great guy Gene Richburg living just down the runshyway from us He was 82 years old at the time and knew everything there was to know about rebuilding airplanes and he volunteered to help me

So Danny launched on two projshyects at the same time both of them

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 17

Danny Poulton holds open the top cowl to reveal the Continental C-SS installation It appears Danny has decided not to trust his Chief mechanical fuel gauges which are known to be troublesome and is using an old standby the wire and cork float gauge so common prior to World War II

In keeping with the restrained nature of Dannys customized Chief a few nice touches such as the upholstered side panels and polished control wheel caps brighten up the otherwise original-looking cabin Look closely and you can see the toe brake pedals on the pilots side of the cockpit Those pedals are seen only on the UBC UCC and lSAC Sedan

The tubular structure of the landing gear is covered with an aluminum fairshying leading to a nicely finished pair of replica fiberglass wheelpants The small cable attached to the trailing edge of the landing gear is a safety cable It was originally installed in case of a failshyure of the originally installed phenolic piston within the oleo strut Later after an airworthiness directive (47-20-02) and Aeronca Service Helps and Hints No 12 required changing the phenoshylic part to one made of aluminum the need for the cable was negated but most owners keep it just in case

monumental The first was to lose weight and the second to find a projshyect that fit his goals and skill levels

I didnt look long and actually found the Chief on eBay It belonged to an AampP in Michigan who had started to rebuild it and then decided to put it up for sale I hadnt done anything like this before so I was reshyally not sure of what I was doing but I hooked up my trailer and headed up to Michigan to buy the Chief That was in July of 2003

What he saw when he got to Michshyigan was enough to encourage him so he loaded it up and brought it back to South Carolina As is always the case however he wouldnt really know what he had until he did a thorshyough inventory back home

The large dorsal fin on the llBC Chief (also used on the UCC) makes identifishycation of the higher-horsepower Chiefs a bit easier

18 JUNE 2007

When we unloaded at home Gene came over and we spread the entire collecshytion of stuff out to see what was missing and what kind of work was going to be needed In general the airshyframe was actually in great shape because the AampP

had already started workshying on it and had finished the major compon ents The wings were more or less complete and fini shed

and the work was beautiful About all th ey needed were the leading edges and to be covered

The fuselag e tubing had been cleaned and painted and most of the fuselage wood was usable too Part of the airplanes condition is probshyably because it had only 400 hours on it and had spent most of its life stored inside somewhere We dont have much of the airplane s history but you could see by looking at the wood and steel that it hadnt been left outside to rot like so many Chiefs have been

When we were done inventorying it we found a lot of missing or unusshyable stuff that I hadn t noticed when picking it up It had no tail wheel or wing struts and the doors were not only the wrong doors but were badly crushed There were no control yokes and all of the logos were missing Same thing for all of the interior upshyholstery boards Plus there was esshysentially nothing firewall-forward I

Its still easy for most of those who h ave restored airplanes to rememshyber what it was like in the days beshyfore computers The dozens of trips to fly-markets the phone calls and the constant surveillance of Trade-ashyPlane were not only aggravating but added a huge amount of time to finshyishing the project Danny came into the Vintage world PC post computer so he was able to take full advantage of cyber searching for parts

Besides buying the airplane on eBay that service proved to be a tershyrific source for some of the rarer parts I needed Among other things thats

Whats in a Model Number By HG Frautschy

The differences between the llBC Chief and the llCC Super Chief are tough to spot but in todays sport pilot market one distinction can spell the

difference between flying one and just owning one

Both airplanes are powered by the Continental C85-8 and both came equipped with the rather clever McDowell starter The McDowell was vilified by

some as being a cheap substitute for an electrical starter but having had one

for years on my Super Chief Id have to say it s one of the neatest inventions

added to the postwar lightplane If treated with respect and used in the way the manufacturer intended it worked perfectly It did have one design weakness

that could have been easily solved but it didnt last long enough on the market to make it that far

The McDowell was activated using a cable with a ball swaged on the end

Because of the way the ball and cable were retained in the starters pulley

sheave the cable would fray and then break just below the ball or an overly

enthusiastic pull on the starter cable would pull the ball right off the end If Mcshy

Dowell had used a small fitting inside the sheeve to allow for a straight pull on

the cable (and if the cable had a ball and shank swaged fitting) Im convinced the McDowell would have been much more popular

It allowed for a lightweight starter to be installed on an airplane intended to be flown by casual travelers who were interested in ease of use and safety

It allowed my wife and her instructor both petite women to independently fly

the airplane without requiring a flip of the prop by someone else As long as

the engine was in good tune and one could reasonably expect the airplane to start when the impulse magneto fired the McDowell was a great way to pul l

the prop through safely

The 11BC and 11CC interiors were similar with a slight edge going to the

llCC for a few interior appointments added to enhance the automobile-like

feel to the cockpit Hap Granier the designer of the interior of all three postwar Aeroncas worked his magic on the Chiefs to give them a small sedan or coupe

feeling Bedford whipcord upholstery and side panels the zebrawood pattern wood-gra in-printed instrument panel and control wheels instead of control

sticks all contributed to that atmosphere

Both the 11CC and 11BC featured a large dorsal fin but the 11CC had a

different elevator stabilizer configuration That fact is sometimes lost on reshy

storers and aircraft modifiers who incorrectly (and illegally) put the earlier

11AC or llBC stab elevator combination on an llCC The 11CC has an aeroshy

dynamically balanced elevator designed to meet the hands-off gliding speed requirements of the then-new CAR 03 regulations Aeronca also had the llCC

certified in the Utility category as well as the Normal category with maximum gross weights of 1 290 and 1 350 pounds respectively That right there is a major difference in the airplanes as they are viewed in the market today The 11BC with a maximum gross weight of 1250 pounds is sport pilot eligible

while the llCC by virtue of its 1350 weight is not Interestingly a few llCC additions made it into the llBC as well Both

Chiefs as well as the four-place Aeronca Sedan shared the same rudder brake pedals with toe brakes instead of the heel brakes seen on the Champ Both feature flight characteristics similar to the Champ with the Chiefs having

the edge when it comes to cross-country flights With a 70-pound baggage alshylowance and up to 23 gallons of fuel on board the Chief is a great traveling machine if you re not in a hurry But when you re flying something as pretty as

a Chief whos in a big hurry

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 1 9

BONNIE KRATZ

He Danny Poultons Aeronca Chief features a custom color scheme that is reminiscent of the original decoration composed by Hap Granier for Aeroncas4012E side-by-side personal airplane

where I~gOt~t~h~e~iiiiiiiiiiibullbullbullbull con- trol yoke covers with the Aeronca logos the ashshytrays the bezels and the air box for the cabin heat I even found the pishytot tube and hand brake on eBay If I would have had to physically search for all of that stuff Id probably still be looking

Wag-Aero came to the rescue in supplying the struts and wing leadshying edges

III was able to use most of the origishynal boot cowl but the original noseshybowl was really bad and was cut for the McDowell starter so I used an STCd fiberglass replacement If I find a good original I may change that

11Th is airplane came out of the facshytory with toe brakes which were with the airplane and I stayed with the mechanical brakes and just installed new pads You dont really need

20 JUNE 2007

brakes on the airshyplane for anything so they work just fine

Danny was planning on flying the airplane a lot and added a venturi so he could run an artificial horizon and added air vent holes

When we were doing the inteshyrior there was no kit available for the headliner so a neighbor Phyllis Dalshyton sewed one up using the original material found on Chiefs That was really tedious Then I made the side panels and covered them with Airtex fabric and had to fabricate a new bagshygage door and make the boards for the seats

The panel had already been cleaned so the wood grain was gone but I decided not to try to put it on I did however make two metal glove

compartments for it The sliding windows were

original to the airplane but the polished prop isnt I just thought it looked betshyter polished

When the airframe was done and ready to be covered Danny went with Poly-Fiber and shot it with Aeroshythane but not in the original colshyors or scheme

IIAirtex had some sample seat covers for the airplane that were inexpensive so I bought them and had the paint mixed to go with the seat covers Also the paint stripes arent original They

mimic the factory scheme but arent exact I should also mention that I had some help with the fabric from Larry and Phyllis Dalton who helped cover the airplane This was my first time and they made it easy

Since Danny had no engine he was starting from scratch in that area The original was a C8S-8 but with his papaerwork he found a Supplemental Type Certificate (STC) that opened interesting new avenues

There was part of an STC in our paperwork that would let me install a -12 engine and that would allow me to have an electric starter which I reshyally wanted The problem was that the STC wasnt complete Plus the -8 mount is

than the shy12 so its not

a plug-andshyplay

change and I

expected some problems

getting the papershywork straightened out

I called the Atshylanta Flight Stanshydards District Office and really

lucked out The Coshylumbia Federal Aviashy

tion Agency (FAA) field examiner came out looked the airplane over and said hed be happy to clean up the paperwork and submit it to Atlanta for me What I thought was going to be a problem turned out to be quite easy

Unfortunately Danny found out that things dont always go easy when restoring an airplane and his headaches came in the form of his first engine

I had two sons

Dale and lD

and a wonderful

wife and 1 didnt

want to lose all of

that just because

1 was overweight

So 1 started

looking for an

airplane to rebuild

as a way to keep

myself busy

I bought a C8S-12 that had been overhauled I had flown it for about 22 hours when one cylinder lost a lot of compression so we pulled the jug When we got inside we found that the rod was just banging around in there and was loose on the crank When we split the case we found the crank was badly scored and a lot of metal had gone through the engine so I had to find another one

The second engine was freshly overhauled by an FAA-certified shop

in 2000 after a prop strike The guy I bought it from was building a homebuilt and

was afraid that the engine was going to sit too long before his

project was completed so he sold it Everything checked out to be perfect and it has been humming along with no problems since day one

We flew the airplane for the first time July I 2006 and I had a local pilot Gary Dalton do the test hop I dont mind telling you that I was nershyvous watching it When I flew it for the first time I had only 10 hours of tailshywheel time Id logged while getting my tail wheel endorsement I was a little nervous then too but everything went beautifully When we flew it it was alshymost exactly three years to the day that we unloaded it from the trailer

When I started I guess I became a little compulsive about working on it Id eat in the hangar work until 10 or 11 every night and sometimes Id wake up in the middle of the night and go out and work on it When Id get home from church on Sunday Id change clothes and go out and get something done Im glad I did it that way because it really helped me with the other problem

In the process of restoring his Chief Danny met several goals The first was finishing and flying his own Chief but the second and more imshyportant was taking control of his life From the time he started the Chief to the time he flew it he lost 230 pounds and added no telling how many years to his life Most people have difficulty committing to just finishing an airshyplane so Danny is to be congratushylated for two jobs well done ~

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 21

~The Bmiddot thof

Creating a classic design BY CHESTER L PEEK PHD

Could you in three months time design and build a new light plane without tools or factory and with very little money Impossible you say But that is just what eG Tayshylor did in the spring of 1936 when he introduced the legendary Taylorshycraft to the aviation world Heres the story

In the last week of December 1935 eG Taylor was confined to his bed ill and completely discourshy

aged Days before he and Bill Piper Hangar at Butler Pennsylvania 1936 Still in use today had signed a legal document that dissolved their troubled partnership For Taylors share of the Taylor Cub company (which was in debt more than $90000) he received approximately $5000 to be paid out in small installments over three years

Byron Shinn knew Taylor well both as a customer and friend In a 1991 letter he describes Taylors situashytion and subsequent events

Back in the 1930s we had a small manufacturing comshypany located in one of the hangars on the Butler Pennsylvashynia airport called The Shinn Devices Company We made aluminum wheels for aircraft 4 bead diameter 700X4 tire and at that time sold them to most of the light aircraft manshyufacturers including the Taylor and Piper organization in Bradford Pennsylvania We had a quite complete machine shop and engineering design business I remember how Taylorcraft got started One very cold winter day probably in December 1935 I drove up to see Taylor in Bradford The roads were terrible ice coated and I almost had several acshycidents When I got there I found Taylor sick in bed and in a very discouraged frame of mind He had just been kicked out of his company by Piper and had little or no money or employment I told him with his abilities as an aircraft deshysigner and builder that he should certainly try to get back in the business and offered to help if I could

I went back to Butler and contacted D Bar Peat who was a promoter a very nice fellow who was running the Butler

Ken SchoHer about 1980 airport I asked if he could raise some money to start Tayshy22 JUNE 2007

TAYLORCRAFT BY C 6 TAYLOR PlmBUR6H-BUTLER AIRPORT BunER PA

STABLE FAST A NEW LIGHT PLANE ECONOMICAL LOWPRICED

First Taylorcraft ad February 1936 Aero Digest

First Taylorcraft specifications Photo is of a model

during the

Depression

you NEVER

left a job

Yet these men

deeply loyal

to Taylor

came with him

to this chancy

new venture Byron Shinn about 1936

TAYLORCRAFT Model A

ATe pendingB_ Span 36 (11 m) Length 22 (67 m) Heicht 6 8 (21 m) Wm area 169 fLgt (156 ml) Power Ioodiaa 2IS IbsJhp (118 kcJho) WioJ Ioadma 58 1bbullJIt (293 kcl) Weicht empty 570 Ibs (259 kg) U falload 420 Ibs (190 kc) Payload 181 lbo (82 kcl Gr weiht m lbo (449kcr Bant I Ibs (5 kg) Fuel 10 gals

~L~~L11t1iLk hp

~~~gtam~~hm~~49 kph) l~ mph (51h ) Semlte laquoiliaC 101000 ft (4260 m) imb per min 400 It (122 tn) Cruig rang 210 mi (371 1aD) ~ F welded eel tubg four JODIeIODS of proareqjve diameters wood faired and fabric conrcd removable maine mouat j streued fot SO hp installamiddot tion Wg two paDdJ bolted to fuselafefabric _ ~ oectioo With eJlipticalJy rOUDded tips JOlid apruce JPlrs

Zplace ATC

metal ribs fabricated from drawn NicraJ secshytions sinclc drag wire bracinc built-up metal frame ailerons fabric COYered and of the balanced type with DO exposed horns

=r~~brTc ~~ai~~~wd~ removable fin elentor and stabiliurs inshyterlthanaeable right or IefL Landing rear =evbsor~ closed~~~es color ocJlulosc finish with trim Two-place flex-wine seat 39 inches ide--by-lide cabin fabric lined and fire-wall sound proofed all control cables and fittinp in the cabin are fully enclosed Baggag compartment 6- X 9- X w- back of seaL

~~6oo-~~bS~ wbeds DuPont Pluticell 1rindJhield rulr her mounted illltrument pampDe1 ~ Aeromarinc altimeter U S 011

~~itfra~~ pass or other instnunmts extra

Carlson and Harold White who were engineers Ken Tibbits and Les Salshychow Parks College graduates along with mechanics Colby Carpenter and William Crawford All these men had good secure jobs with Piper and durshying the Depression you NEVER left a job Yet these men deeply loyal to Taylor came with him to this chancy new venture All would eventually rise to responsible executive posishytions with Taylorcraft

Ken Scholter a local mechanic was hired as a welder Contemposhyrary reports credit him with most of the welding on the new plane Forshytunately he was also an amateur photographer and documented the building process on film He furshynished most of the photos shown in this article

Shinn resumes I When Taylor came to Butler he had very little money we all had very little money at that time I believe he got a small settlement from Piper for his share of the Cub company This was in the depths of the Depresshysion We doled the money out a few dolshylars at a time and started to build the first plane We used our machine shop to make the draw bench to make the rib parts and to make most of the parts jigs and dies that required machining

An engineering department was set up I hired a draftsman when Ray Carlshyson moved down from Bradford Tayshylor and the mechanics would make the parts and then the draftsman would

lor up again in the airplane business He along with Col make the drawings We designed a new wheel for the plane Breckenridge and some others did raise a little money about lightweight and very strong being constructed of an alumishy$1000 as I recall enough to include the building of the jigs num stamping fastened to a cast aluminum end rim Tayshyand fixtures and the first plane We moved Taylor and his lor and I also developed the new tapered axle which was family to Butler rented him a house and started work in a lighter and less costly A new Goodrich tire size 600 x 6 vacant hangar on the Butler airport SeveraL of Taylors men was used from Bradford came with him II The plane was designed and built during the first four

Actually six key Bradford employees left Piper and to five months of 1936 This must have been some sort of joined Taylor in the new enterprise They were Ray record When the plane was finished the test pilot Tibbits

VINTA GE A IR PLANE 23

One day we came to work

to find trucks backed up

to the hangar and Taylor

hauling away all the

Taylorcraft parts Batch of Shinn 800 x 4 wheelsjigs and fixtures

started the test flights First he taxied the plane up and down the runway then flew it the length of the runway just off the ground then made flights a bit higher and finally made circuits The plane flew very well but would not stall The CAA required proper recovery from a stall so Taylor worked on the horizontal tail surfaces so that a stall could be induced and the plane passed the CAA tests

Taylor was a design genius The CAA had just released a new-design wing curve and Taylor was the first I

ffi believe to use it The wing curve was ~ ~ faster and had a soft stall ~ This was the NACA 23012 airfoil z ~ Taylor once told the author that in

Fuselage structure 1935 he built a set of wings for the Cub using that airfoil but Piper veshytoed the change They were hanging on a wall when the Bradford factory burned in 1937

Shinn says I started an advertising campaign beginning with a very small ad in Aero Digest saying IISomething new is coming in Aviation The next ads told a little more People were very enthusiastic about the new plane It was much advanced over the Cub beshying faster with side-by-side seating and wheel controls Before long we had reshyceived down payments from over 50 customers $200 each as I recall This

ffi was due to correspondence with old ~ ~ Taylor Cub dealers and the Aero Dishy~ z gest ad In a 1992 interview Bob UJ

Taylor eGs son confirmed thisWing details He remembered his father waking

24 JUNE 2007

First A-40 run-up May 1936

him up one night in Butler and showing him $10000 in down payments

The first ad appeared in the February issue of Aero Digest and is shown on this page A later ad showed a photo of the plane but since no plane had been comshypleted at that time it was actually a snapshot of a model CG Taylor built on his kitchen table First the new trademark Taylorcraft was used but when Beechcraft threatened legal action claiming Taylorcraft sounded too much like Beechcraft the ads were changed to read Airplanes by GG Taylor However they resumed us-

CG Taylor and a Model ATaylorcraft 1936

ing the Taylorcraft name after sevshyeral months

Shinn continues D Bar Peat was always trying to promote the plane On Sundays they would put on an air show at the Butler airport and 200 to 300 people would atshytend Som e way he got the Taylorshycraft to lead the way when all the planes taxied by the grandstand at the Cleveland Air Races

Meanwhile in the hangar facshytory the prototype plane was beshying rushed to completion but not fast enough to suit Taylor He

once told the author I was away ~ from the plant for three days havshyo ~ ing given instructions to complete sect the engine mount When I returned

it was not done I hung the engine in the right place with a chain hoist we

cut the tubing to (it and it was done in an hour On May 1 the Continental A-40 engine SIN 635

was run up for the first time then on May 8 Taylor signed an application for an experimental certificate Only eight days later on Saturday May 16 CAA inshyspector RA Young witnessed the test flight and issued certificate X-16393 to the first Taylorcraft SIN 25 Apshyproximately three months had elapsed from the time construction was started until the new plane was airshyborne A remarkable achievement

It was a beautiful plane sleek and streamlined a far VINTAGE AIRPLANE 25

Test flight of the first Taylorcraft May 1936

1 rryen~~A1~~~ )~ ~- shyITS A - -=- (=- = --- I FAF

BEAUTY 51495middot00-----shy~GRACEFULLY CONTINENTAL

STREAMLINED - - _ MOTOR

C G TAYL O R bull PlttsburqhmiddotBuUer Airport bull Bu tler Penna

April 1936 ad in Aero Digest

cry from Taylors boxy square-cornered E-2 Cub With side-by-side seating and wheel controls it rivaled much larger more expensive planes such as the Waco and Stinson Weight had been kept to a minimum the proshytotype weighed only 570 pounds It was much faster than the Cub The first prospective customers who flew the plane verified the advertised cruising speed of 80 mph In a race with two locals an Aeronca C-3 and a Kinner Fleet the Taylorcraft won easily

The investors at Butler were elated With nearly 100 orders and down payments received for their new plane they envisioned a rapid production buildup and the prospects of a thriving profitable enterprise Their faith however had been misplaced

Shinn continues But unknown to D Bar Peat and me Taylor had been talking to others about financing and a place to manufacture the plane One day we came to work to find trucks backed up to the hangar and Taylor haulshying away all the Taylorcraft parts jigs and fixtures They moved to Alliance Ohio where they got one years free rent on a large old airplane factory financing and tax breaks D Bar Peat and I retained a lawyer to try to get back our inshyvestment eventually getting back some shares ofTaylorcraft 26 JUNE 2007

stock instead of money And Piper quit buying my wheels and switched to Hayes

Happily Taylor and Shinn soon put their legal difshyferences behind them and remained good friends and business associates for many years

Shinn was not alone in his disappointment when the unexpected move came Scholter was out of a job In 1992 he made this comment They left Butler owing me almost a months pay which I never got But they did give me a very nice letter of recommendation

The Alliance Review newspaper proudly announced the arrival of the new aircraft enterprise in its July 9 1936 edition But that is a story for another day

Authors note When researching my book The Taylorcraft Story in

1992 I was privileged to personally interview four prishymary information sources regarding the Butler Pennshysylvania events eG Taylor Bob Taylor Ken Scholter and Byron Shinn The history above was taken from those interviews and contemporary newspaper articles

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LIN COL N MERCURY

EXTRA The Butler Manufacturing Co NL-I3 biplane

The March 2007 Mystery Plane is the 1932 Butler Manufacturing Co NL-13 biplane designed by Albin Kasper Longren (sometimes simply reshyferred to as the Longren NL-13)

AK Longren had a very long and interesting aviation career Born in a log cabin near Clay Center Kansas in 1882 he was the one of 14 children born to Swedish immigrant homeshystead farmers Charles and Emma Lonshygren In 1901 he took a business course from the International Corresponshydence School (ICS) which he followed up with an ICS diploma in mechanical engineering from 1907-1911

Longrens interest in aviation beshygan with his observations of Henry L Call in 1908 Call originally a New York lawyer author and socialist had moved to Girard Kansas in February of 1908 in order to construct a large and ungainly flying machine powered by two 20-hp Curtiss B-4 engines Known as the Mayfly and The Chicken (among other colorful names) the airshycraft failed to fly despite modification Call enjoyed the support of the nashytional socialist newspaper An Appeal to Reason and constructed several aircraft under the aegis of The Aerial Navigashytion Company of America starting in 1908 before the company changed its name

Beginning in 1911 Call manushyfactured two-cylinder and fourshycylinder horizontally opposed air-cooled engines which h e marshyketed to would-be aviators through

28 JUNE 2007

BY WESLEY SMITH

advertisements (primarily in Aircraft and Fly magazines published by Alshyfred W Lawson of 1920 Lawson Airshyliner fame) The two-cylinder Call was rated at 45 hp and the four-cylshyinder engine was rated at 90 hp Call engines were among the first aircraft engine to be fitted with mufflers an individual muffler being attached to the exhaust port of each cylinder

With his brother EJ Longren and a mechanic named William Janeke Longren constructed a Curtiss-type pusher biplane in Topeka Kansas Beshygun in the summer of 1910 the Toshypeka I was not completed until the fall of 1911 Fitted with a 60-hp Hall-Scott A-2 a water-cooled V-8 the Topeka I became the first successful aircraft to be completed in the state of Kansas Longren made his first flight on Sepshytember 2 and on September 5 1911 he made two flights the first flight reaching about 225 feet in altitude and covering 15 miles and the secshyond reaching about 300 feet and covshyering six miles

Of course Longren was only one of numerous individuals who built Curtiss-type pushers Plans for early Herring-Curtiss machines were pubshylished in Aeronautics and other aviashytion periodicals as well as in books With some individual alterations many such aircraft were built in the United States prior to Americas entry into World War 1

At any rate Longren soon went into the exhibition business with

H Young renaming the Topeka I as the Dixie Flyer The words Dixie Flyer - AK Longren - Aviator were painted on the underside of the Topeka IDishyxie Flyers monoplane canard Between 1911 and 1914 Longren gave 1372 exhibition flights in Kansas Texas Oklahoma Nebraska and Colorado for the Young Aviation Co

In 1912 Longren built a second Curshytiss-type with a Hall-Scott A-2 This airshycraft incorporated the improvements Curtiss had made to his newer aircraft during 1911-1912 and in due course the mid-gap ailerons were moved to the trailing edges of the upper wing This aircraft was sold to Longrens forshymer student and friend Phil Billard who used it to give exhibition flights This aircraft sometimes known as the Topeka II was presented to the Kansas State Historical Society in 1938 where it still exists as a display

In the spring of 1914 Longren took time to marry Ms Dolly Trent Later that winter (1914-1915) Longren built his first entirely original aircraft design - a two-place tractor biplane again seshylecting the reliable Hall-Scott as the powerplant During an exhibition at the Dickson County Fair at Abilene on September 9 1915 the aircraft stalled on takeoff and was destroyed hitting an automobile that was leaving the fairshygrounds Longrens passenger was relashytively unscathed but Longren suffered a broken leg and several internal injuries

While recovering from his injushyries in early 1916 Longren with Phil

Billard began the construction of his fourth aircraft the Model G The Model G was a clean two-place tractor biplane with a strong resemblance to a Curtiss IN-4 In fact it was powered by a Curtiss OX-2 and was intended for sale to the warring European powers However only two were sold one to the Kansas National Guard the other being used for exhibition flights

Late in the year Longren built a small tractor biplane sometimes reshyferred to as the Longren Bus The conshystruction featured a three-ply wooden monocoque fuselage and was built for William Burt of Okmulgee Oklahoma A second machine was constructed for Lester Miller of Dallas Texas who inshytended to use the aircraft for aerobatic exhibitions By late 1917 Longren had moved on to another two-place design known as the Model H As in the case of the earlier Longren Bus the Model H used a wooden monocoque fuselage The Model H was powered by a Curshytiss 90-hp OX-5 engine unfortunately while on his way to Kansas City Misshysouri Longren suffered an engine failshyure near Wakarusa Kansas The aircraft was destroyed in a crash which proved fatal to a cow standing in the field in which Longren was forced down He was made to pay $10000 in restitution to the angry farmer After that interest in the Model H faded away

Late in 1917 Longren became involved with Frederick W Buck MD ME and applied for a posishytion as chief engineer with the Buck Aircraft and Munitions Co of Denshyver To what extent Longren became involved with Dr Buck is unknown Buck (a long with Elmer Sperry and later Charles F Kettering at DaytonshyWright) had plans to develop and sell an aerial torpedo - essentially a small 50-hp biplane cruise misshysile which was intended to fly on a preprogrammed course then shed its wings at the proper time and place depositing a bomb contained within the crude fuselage framework

Longrens career took another path after his debacle with the Model H After failing to establish a new airshycraft company in Overland Park Kansas Longren eventually took a

position at McCook Field as an airshycraft inspector The Great War had cost Longrens friend Phil Billard his life when he was killed in a flying accident while serving in Issoudun France Longrens position at McshyCook had allowed him the opportushynity to examine every domestic and foreign-built aircraft tested there unshytil the time of his departure in 1919 On June 17 1919 Longren formed the Longren Aircraft Corp in Topeka Kansas using a former woolen mill in the Oakland suburb as the site for the new corporation The first aircraft to come out of the plant was the rebuilt Model H now resurrected as the H-2 It is unclear as to how the H-2 differed from the earlier Model H but by midshy1920 Longren had gone in yet another direction with the construction of the two-place Model D-2 - a small aircraft powered by a three-cylinder Y conshyfiguration Lawrence Model B engine of 35-60 hp Within a year the D-2 had evolved to become the Longren Model AK Sport

Described in the pages of Aviashy

tion and Aerial Age Weekly (Volume 11 Number 12 Sept 291921 pages 336-337 and Volume 14 Numshyber 3 Sept 26 1921 pages 55-56 respectively) the two-place Longren Sport or Fibre Sport was a sensational design that incorporated the three-ply laminated wooden monocoque fuseshylage of the 1916 Longren Bus and the 1917 Model H and a set of folding biplane wings to facilitate storage It is unclear as to how the fuselage of the Sport may have differed from earshylier Longren monocoque construcshytion techniques if at all

However a 1925 Longren patent describes the use of diamond-shaped wood fibre shell (procured from the National Fibre Co) being covered with an additional two layers of wood laminations on either side The fushyselage was made in upper and lower halves using steam-pipe-heated conshycrete male and female molds clamped together using 6000 pounds of presshysure The sections were then trimmed and dried with special provision for humidity control before being joined

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 29

to a framework of grooved ash longeshyrons and formers The fuselage formshyers were made of three-ply materials engine-bearing formers were made of a seven-ply material The formers were in turn attached to the fuseshylage shells with screws Finally the fushyselage was varnished inside and out with Valspar varnish the exterior reshyceiving a coat of pigmented varnish before a final clear coat

Sold with both Lawrence Model Lshy2 three-cylinder Y-style and Anzani sixshycylinder radial engines the Longren Fibre Sport was flown in several notashyble Midwestern aviation events during the early 1920s During the American Legion Air Meet at Kansas City (Octoshyber 31 - November 3 1921) the Sport made 38 consecutive loops while being flown by ND Trinler Two Sports were also flown during a special efficiency race held at Omaha Nebraska on Noshyvember 11 An AK Sport again flown by Trinler placed second with a speed of 7791 mph when flown over a 153shymile triangular course Later that Noshyvember two AK Sports were placed at the disposal of the Kansas City Star to deliver newspapers from Kansas City to Lawrence Kansas in record time During a game between the Missouri Tigers and the Kansasjayhawks a teleshygraph wired a play-by-play account of the football game to the Stars office The newspapers were then promptly set printed and delivered via aircraft to the Lawrence street vendors beshyfore departing fans were even able to reach their homes

After establishing a climb record for Longren aircraft in 1922 the Longren Sport attracted the attention of customshyers from as far away as China and the Soviet Union In 1923 the US Navy became interested and on February 19 1924 Lt jB Kneip flew the accepshytance tests for the first of three Lonshygren AK Sports that were sold to the Navy (serial numbered A6745 through A6747) The first machine was shipped to Washington DC for testing at the Anacostia Naval Air Station while the other two were delivered to Pensacola However documentation of their subshysequent testing and use by the Navy remains elusive

30 JUNE 2007

Photos of Longren Sports and the later NL-13 show the distinctive Lonshygren company logo painted on the side of the fuselage and perhaps a few words need to be said about it This consisted of four capital ilLs joined at the top of each letter This formed a crux gammata or swastika although the direction the letters pointed was counter-clockshywise as opposed the symbols use on aircraft flown by Nazi Germany in which the bottom of the ilLs point in a clockwise direction Prior to its adoption by the Nazi Party this ancient symbol was seen as far afield at the Southwestshyern United States where it was a sacred symbol of Native Americans and in Inshydia and in Runic Europe During The Great War the Indian head emblem of Seaplane Pilots Association (SPA) 124 included a crux gammata as part of the headdress worn by the Native Amerishycan chief tan In its time and place it was considered as a symbol of good forshytune and was in no way considered to be an insult In fact after World War I Finland adopted a grayish-blue crux

gammata inscribed within a white circle as the national insignia for its aircraft In Longrens case the ilL was inscribed with a second ilL and the rest of the letters in Longrens surname In addishytion to that a circular logo and was placed at the center of the emblem to which a set of wings and a propeller reached out to a point near the tips of the ilLs So as it turns out the Lonshygren swastika was covered by what might roughly be considered a crux

immissa or crucifix Longren had no connections to fascist idealism The company logo which originated in the Midwest in the early 20s was simply a clever play on the primary letter in Longrens surname

No matter how good an aircraft the Longren Sport was the company could not survive on such limited orders and the last aircraft was sold in May of 1924 The remaining company assets patents and facilities were sold at an auction in March 1926 The Longren Sport was resurrected briefly in 1928 when the American Eagle Aircraft Corporation of Kansas City Missouri built a solitary aircraft as the Model A-429 However the aircraft was much different than the

original Longren Sport and the design was not pursued further Following the collapse of his company Longren was hired by Willis Brown to become viceshypresident of production at the Spartan Aircraft Co in Tulsa When Brown left in 1929 Longren also moved on to beshycome a design consultant at the Butshyler Manufacturing Co at Kansas City Butler had planned to manufacture the Butler Blackhawk biplane However the company was unable to do this and all manufacturing was halted in 1931 At this pOint Longren made a deal to build a new airplane -- the NL-13

Registered as X12538 and sporting the distinctive Longren fuselage logo the NL-13 (NL possibly standing for New Longren) fuselage was built usshying a new machine-forming method for heat-treated duralumin sheets The upper and lower fuselage halves of the 1932 NL-13 biplane were joined to T-shaped longerons and riveted toshygether Fuselage formers also made of liT cross-section were riveted to the halves creating a very strong duralushymin semi-monocoque fuselage Like the earlier Longren AK the NL-13 had twin side-by-side seating The powerplant of the aircraft was a Martin 333 of 120 hp With the exception of the wing spars the NL-13 was of all-metal construction the wings being fabric covered

The aircraft was first tested by George Gay in August of 1932 At that time Gay worked for the aeronautics branch of the Civil Aeronautics Administrashytion (CAA) The aircraft was found to be slightly tail-heavy This was cured by a slight stabilizer adjustment The engine also suffered from a slight overshyheating problem This was corrected by enlarging the cooling louvers and subshystituting the original propeller with anshyother type

The NL-13 had a span of 28 feet and a length of 22 feet Apparently the goal of the NL-13 was to obtain a military contract After further testing at Roosshyevelt Field Long Island New York the fuselage of the NL-13 was sold to the United States Army Air Corps and underwent stress evaluation at Wright Field Dayton OhiO in june 1933 After slight modification to some of the stiff-

continued on page 37

Flying to me is all about having fun Its grass strips and old

friends and old airplanes The folks at AUA understand my kind

of flying and my kind of airplanes They provide great service

at very good rates and they know me as an individual not just

a policy number

- Darrell Jenkins

Dan-ell Jenkins Heber Springs AR

bull Private pilot single-engine land and sea

bull 500 hours total shy300 in taildraggers

bull Current aircraft 1948 Ercoupe 415-E

AUA is Vintage Aircraft Association approved To become a member of VAA call 800middot843middot3612

AUAs Exclusive fAA Vintage AircraftJUsociation Insurance Program

Lower liability and hull premiums - Medical payments induded - Fleet discounts for multiple aircraft carrying all risk coverages

continued from page 3

EAA Seeks to Preserve Access to Repair Station Services

EAA cautions that proposed aircraft repair station certification regulations could harm many small general aviashytion shops and adversely affect airshycraft owners seeking to maintain the airworthiness of their aircraft

The FAA estimates the cost for deshyveloping and implementing a new quality system called for by the proshyposed regulations at $34500 per reshypair station Many small operations cannot afford such an expense and it could force some to close their doors

We fear that these requirements would ultimately result in diminshyished availability of qualified and experienced maintenance expertise especially for the vintage fleet said Earl Lawrence EAA vice president of industry and regulatory affairs Airshycraft owners could be forced to use maintenance facilities with less speshycialized experience on their aircraft type making it more difficult to comshyplete major repairs and changes to small aircraft potentially impacting safety as well

EAA also questions the feasibility of requiring repair stations to mainshytain an approved capability list for each make series and model of airshycraft its permitted to work on Many small operators often inspect and maintain virtually hundreds of airshycraft types creating an administrashytive nightmare

EAA is willing to discuss how the FAA could best address its quality concerns while ensuring the ownshyers of small aircraft continue to have ready access to repair station services One suggestion EAA proposed is to exempt or lessen requirements for smaller shops with fewer than a given number of employees

EAAs full comments can be found at wwwEAAorgcommunications eaanewsRepa ir_Station_NPRM_Draftpdf The notice of proposed rulemaking is at httpDMSESDOTgovdocimages pdf99431749_webpdf 32 JUNE 2007

Young Eagle 13 Million Hails From New Mexico

Arlene Martinez in the right seat with volunteer Young Eagles pilot Paul Rachels

The EAA Young Eagles program the worlds most successful youth aviation initiative ever has registered the 13-millionth Young Eagle flown She is Arlene Martinez age 12 of Yuma Arizona who took her flight on March 17 at Somerton Airport (54AZ) in a Cessna 170 piloted by Paul Rachels EAA 633950 Rachels is president and Young Eagles coordinator for Yuma EAA Chapter 590

Arlene was very enthusiastic said Rachels who has flown 123 Young Eagles She definitely enjoyed the flight and would like to do it again He always gets a kick out of how kids react to their special flights Its as incredible an experience

for me as it is for them and I have 700 hours of flight time Steve Buss EAA Young Eagles executive director called it another important

milestone for the program which this year marks its 15th anniversary year-the birthday will be marked at AirVenture this year Its wonderful to recognize Paul and Arlenes flight but we also applaud the outstanding continuing support and enthusiasm for Young Eagles by our members We extend our congratulations to all who have helped the program reach this unprecedented level of participation

Nominations Due June 15 for EAA Young Eagles Awards Each year EAA honors several special volunteers at EAA AirVenture with the

annual Young Eagles awards and theres still time to nominate a deserving pershyson for 2007

Nominations for the following awards are being accepted through June 15

bull Chapter Coordinator bull Field Representative bull Ground Support Volunteer bull Young Eagles Humanitarian (presented for efforts to reach special needs

Young Eagles) bull Young Eagles Horizon Award (recognizing efforts to go beyond the basic

Young Eagles flight) Awards will be presented at a special ceremony held at EAA AirVenture Museshy

ums Eagle Hangar on Wednesday July 25 To download the official nomination form visit wwwYoungEaglesorgvolunteersaward_nominationpdf

BY BUCK HILBERT

The very beginning of airworthiness certificates pilot certificates

For many years Ive talked and writshy barnstormers and promote some ten about the beginnings of the Aero order and safety to their flying It had Club of America (ACA) now known one other side effect No record atshyas the National Aeronautic Associashy tempt or air show (or air meet as they tion (NAA) Ive explained how this were called back then) could be staged pioneer era appointed Orville Wright without the approval of the Aero as the chairman of the Contest amp Reshy Club which was affiliated with the cords Board and how a pilot registrashy international governing body the Feshytion program came into being deration Aeronautique Internationale

The World War I pilots returning (FAI) The contestant was required to home were barnstorming and othershy be a member of the Aero Club which wise doing their best to make a living then issued a certification to the pishyin aviation That led to attempts to lot Hence the FAlSporting License register and somehow civilize these old-timers would show was signed by

Certifying Aircraft and Pilots

AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATE IauecI to VIlICElll ASTOR Arw 23 W 26th Sl BYCit shy

m~ts CnltiUs that the Aircraft described below has been Inspected and found AiruIo~ for daylight llyin on AJIlI 0VEIl WUER OKLY

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o o-_pmiIyenr3~J__I922 III _ - ~ t

_ _ Mri N=A1fefJ~mATE WAmR AmClWr _ _______ 1 - PQRIlrASRDWTCJN l T bull Y

N_- 01 AlOft to 5 M- 1-1 AJkwL c 9on MuwLOEBDIG AERO ElIGR C~IIoTNo 23-t SodoIH9~iF--__ 0- 30 pr 3 I~ _ 42 PT 6 U __ n 8 Pr _ 2700 4100 II UMIwI 1400 shy_ 130 M _Cd 20000 hlln_H_ 2S_ _ T LIBRRrY I I OBE __ US 32230 __ Do 5 000 - JfAJlJODS JULY 7 1922

Orville Wright It was a requirement of the federal government No federal requirement for a pilots certificate would come into being until the Air Commerce Act gave that authority and responsibility to the Department of Commerce on May 20 1926

In all of the information Ive read on the early days of the ACA later the NAA there was never any menshytion of aircraft standards or airworshythiness certificates I never quesshytioned it and as a matter of fact I never gave it a thought

Then along comes friend and Vinshytage member Mitch Wohl from Barrington Illinois and he drops two books on my desk The first one I picked up was titled A Symbol of Safety This book was first published in 1923 and tells all about the foundshying of the Underwriters Laboratories (UL) Reprinted in 1995 it goes into great detail as to the history of UL I found it very interesting

The second book published on the 100th anniversary of Underwritshyers Laboratories in 1994 amplifies a bit of the material that was pub-

This airworthiness certificate was issued by an Underwriters Laborashytories inspector Maj J W Jones who deemed the Loening Air Yacht of Vincent Astor to be in airworthy condishytion It is restricted to dayligbt flying and over water only Heres a photo of its sister ship from the 1922 Airshycraft Yearbook

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 3 3

Loening monoplane Flying Yacht 100 hp Liberty engine which made a world record for aHitude with three passengers and pilot 19500 feet

lished in the 1923 book Its entire theme is Making the World Safe for Technology What a revelation both regarding the organization s history in general and its involveshyment in aviation

The real beginnings were at the 1893 Worlds Fair at the Great White City in Chicago The Electricity Building had frequent visits by the fire brigade in response to the new alshyternating current electricity displays catching fire and causing problems It was then that William Henry Merrill began his testing lab which proved

electricity could be a servant rather than a master

Our only function is to serve not to profit We are doing someshything for manufacturers buyers and property owners everywhere We are doing things for humanity was a direct quote from Merrill This was the beginning of the lab The lab was funded by corporations that wanted their products tested as well as by the insurance underwriters themselves

From 1893 through 1905 the budshyget expanded from a mere $3000 to more than $300000 During that

The book goes into

great detail

as to physical

standards for

airmen There were

all sorts of tests

for altitude tolerance

fatigue and eyesight

and their standards

specify annual physicals

rAiLW~eeL5

srlINSON 15 JOCII~Y

34 JUNE 2007

time more than 7500 reports were published the lab moved to larger quarters it was chartered in Illinois and the landmark inspection and label service was established Within two years UL inspectors were at work in 67 citshyies UL got into everything electrical fire prevention fire extinguishers automobiles oil and gasses and transportashytion as well Thats where we come in airplanes

When the first commercial airplane takes off here in the USA in the 20s UL registers airplanes certifies pilots and issues the now rather quaint-sounding Rules of the Air

Im getting ahead of the full story but in a nutshell the National Aircraft Underwriters Association proposed and requested UL become the custodian of the official register of all aircraft pilots (other than government pilots) and take full charge of all details connected therewith

UL undertook this branch of the work on July I 1921 The book goes into great detail as to physical stanshy

dards for airmen There were all sorts of tests for altitude tolerance fatigue and eyesight and their standards specify annual physicals

No wonder the early birds were considered supermen The next step was to create a register of commercial and private aircraft On May I 1922 UL began a nationwide inspection service in order to make it possible to issue cershytificates of airworthiness for individual aircraft The details of the inspections and the people employed to conduct them is an early Whos Who in aviation The inspections were very stringent and as demanding for the aircraft as they were for the pilots

And that dear friends is the story of the first airworshythiness certificates They were all issued long before the Department of Commerce became involved and of course long before the creation of the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) and the Federal Aviation Administration

Little by little the freedoms of flight have been whittled down and the myriad of Federal Aviation Regulations we live with came about but here fellow pilots and aircraft owners was the very beginning and it was the insurance people who started it all I(

Over to you (( ~((~

~ Call to order your copies today

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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 35

BY HG FRAUTSCHY

THIS MONTHS MYSTERY PLANE PHOTO IS A BIT OF A MULLIGAN FOR THOSE OF YOU

WHO HAVE ENJOYED L1GHTPLANES FOR A NUMBER OF YEARS STILL NOT MUCH IS PUBLISHED ABOUT THIS RATHER ATTRACTIVE AMPHIBIAN

Send your answer to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box You can also send your response via e-mail Send 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Your answer needs your answer to mysteryplaneeaaorg Be sure to include to be in no later than July 15 for inclusion in the your name city and state in the body of your note and September 2007 issue of Vintage Airplane put I(Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line

MARCH S MYSTERY ANSWER

36 J UN E 2007

nology olph Dope

Heres a little about the March Mystery Plane

The subject Mystery Plane apshypears to be the Longren NL-13 sin 2 X12538 built in 1932 by Albin K Longren (1882-1950) in Kansas City Missouri Longren had been a design consultant for Butler Manushyfacturing Co during the certificashytion of the Butler Blackhawk and built the NL-13 in the Butler facility with help from Butler employees Butler had ceased production by that time in the depths of the Great Depression The NL-13 had an allshy

wing spars and the fabric wing covshyering The engine was a 120-hp Marshytin 333 inve rted inline with four cylinders The X12538 was the only NL-13 built and was not successful in reaching production although it was an ea rly example of formed alushyminum aircraft structures

My information comes from Aeroshyfilescom and from Chuck (Charles E) Lebrechts fine article entitled AK Longren - Pioneer Airman of the West published in American Aviation Historishycal Society Journal Vol26 No4 Winshyter 1981 pp258-270 Lebrechts article gives a great vjew of Longrens career as an aircraft designer and manufacturer

Jack Erickson State College Pennsylvania Other correct answers were reshy

ceived from WaIt House Wichshyita Kansas George Otto Snook Monroe Michigan John Miller Wamego Kansas Cam Bla ze r Leawood Kansas An extensive arshyticle on the airplane and AK Lonshygren written by Wesley Smith is also included in this issue of Vinshytage Airplane

metal airframe except for wooden 1---------------------------------shy

eners and bulkheads the NL-13 fuselage had a safety factor able to absorb 1683g

ahead of the center of gravity (CG) and 11g aft of the CG

This made the fuselage of the NL-13 considerably stronger than that of the Stearman YBT-3 Boeing P-26A Conshysolidated P-30 and Boeing P-12B with which it was compared the YBT-3 having a maximum g-Ioading potential of 109

both fore and aft of the CG While the reshyport recommended the possible adoption of Longrens construction techniques orshyders for the NL-13 were not forthcoming and no further examples were built

With the demise of Butler Longren went to work for himself using a porshytion of the former Butler factory at the Kansas City Municipal Airport In 1933-34 Longren did the initial metal work on the Luscombe Phantom and developed metal-working techniques with his partner Ivan Driggs Plans for opening another aircraft factory were put on hold when Cessn a reopened their Wichita Kansas facility in 1934 for production of the Cessna C-34 Cessna hired Longren as vjce-president a posishy

tion that he held until 1939 when he moved to Torrance California to open the Longren Aircraft Company

While Longren built no further airshycraft he became a successful subconshytractor of prefabricated components for other aircraft manufacturers After the end of World War II Longren sold his company and retired to a 3OOO-acre ranch at Adin Ca lifornia where he passed away due to a heart condition on Nov 19 1950 at age 68

The defini tive Longren article was written by Mr Charles E Lebrecht and was published in the Winter 1981 edishytion of the American Aviation Historical Society Journal (Volume 26 Number 4 pages 258-270) I am indebted to Mr Lebrechts excellent research for the inshyformation in this piece Further informashytion on AK Longren can be found in the pages of Aviation Quarterly (Mace Kenshyneth D Pioneer Airmen ofKansas Volshyume 5 Number 2 Second Quarter 1979 pages 152-163) Mr Maces article is also quite well-written and contains severshyal beautiful photos of Longrens aircraft as well as the 1908 Call Mayfly

VINTAGE A I RPLANE 37

The fo llowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter of information only and does not constishytute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed To submit an event send the information via mail to Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Or e-mail the information to vintageaircrafteaaorg Information should be received four months prior to the event date

JUNE S-IO-Union IL-Poplar Grove Airport Army Wings and Wheels Info Vintage Wings amp Wheels Museum 815-547middot3115 Tom Murray hiwheelsbcglobalnet

JUNE 14-17-St Louis MO-Dauster Flying Field Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) American Waco Club Flymiddotln Info Phil Coulson 269shy624-6490 or rcoulson516cscom www americanwacoclubcom

JUNE 20-2l--Lock Haven PA-William T Piper Memorial Airport (LHV) Sentimental Journey Fly-In Family oriented fly-in featuring antique and classic aircraft of all makes and models especially PIPERS Seminars vendors food camping and entertainment daily Come for the day or the week Call 570-893-4200 or 748shy5123 for more information j3cubkcnet org wwwsentimentaljourneyfly-incom

JUNE 21-24-Mt Vernon Ohio-Wynkoop Airport (6G4) 48th Annual National Waco Club Reunion Check www nationalwacoclubcom for more information and contact information Or email call Andy Heins 937 313 5931 wacoasoaolcom

JUNE 22-24-Gardner KA-Gardner Municipal Airport (K34) Greater KC VAA Chapter 16 Fly-in Contact Kevin Pratt 816-985-3248

JUNE 23-Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

JUNE 30-Chetek WI-The Chetek WI (Y23) 9AM car show craft fair and show a professional horse pull and a water ski show Plenty of food and drink available throughout the day For more info contact Chuck Harrison 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet or Tim Knutson 715-237shy2477 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

JUNE 31-Russellville KY- Russellville-Logan County Airport (4M7) 9th Annual All You Can Eat BarBQ Lunch 1100am - 200pm Rain Date July 5th Aircraft displays skydiving door prizes Everyone welcome For more information eaal165yahoo com wwwangelfirecom ky3 eaal165 Joe Lawrence 270-726-1558

JULY 4-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-llam For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

JULY 6-8--All iance Oh (2Dl)-Taylorcraft and Ohio Aeronca Aviators Fly-In See the airplanes built in Alliance OH amp Middletown

38 JU N E 2007

OH and the people that built them Camping motels food all day fbarberalliancelinkcom 330823-1168 bwmatzllacyahoocom 216 337-5643 httpwwwoaafy-incom see wwwbarberaircraftcom for airport diagrams Breakfast served Sat amp Sun 7AM to 11AM by EM Chapter 82

JULY 14-Zanesville OH-Parr Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

AUGUST 5-Queen City MO-Applegate Airport (15MO) 20th Annual Watermelon Fly-In amp BBQ 2pm til dark Come and see grass roots aviation at its best Info 660-766-2644

AUGUST S-Chetek WI-Southworth Municipal airport (Y23) BBQ Fly-In 1030am Warbird displays antique and unique airplanes antique amp collector car displays and raffles for airplane rides Procedes will be given to local charities Info Chuck Harrison - Office 715-924shy4501 Cell 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet Tim Knutson - Home 715-237-2477 Cell 651-308-2839 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

AUGUST 17-19--McMinnville OR-25th Annual West Coast Travel Air Reunion Come Celebrate the Rebirth of the Travel Air Expected to be the largest gathering of Vintage Travel Airs in recent times Held in conjunction with the Northwest Antique Airplane Club Event Info Bruce McElhoe 559-638-3746

AUGUST 18--Forest Lake MN-(25D)-Airport Fly-in and Open House lOam - 4pm 24shyhour gas and 24-hour grass 3000-foot 31 13 Forest Lake Lions serve brats corn-ltgtn-the-cob and ice cream 100LL is available John Schmidt EM 250021 St Paul Minnesota 651 776 1717

AUGUST IS-I9-Long Island NY- Bayport (23N) Annual Antique Aeroplane Fly-In Old time movies popcorn pig roast flour bomb drop and spot landing contest with the days ending in the in famous Sheep Shagger Baa For more info wwwAACGNY org or email Stuart Bain at Sbain emediaofny com

AUGUST 19-Brookfield WI-Capitol Airport (02C) Ice Cream Social and vintage Aircraft Display VAA Chapter 11 Dean London 262-442-4622

AUGUST 2S-Niles MI-Jerry Tyler Memorial Airport (3TR) VAA Chapter 35 Annual Corn amp Sausage Roast Lunch served 1100am

to 300 pm Rain date on Sunday August 26th Donations of $500 for adults and $300 for children under 12 Contact Len Jansen tripacerlenyahoocom

SEPTEMBER I -Marion IN-Marion Municipal Airport (MZZ) 17th Annual Fly-In Cruise-In 700am until 200pm This annual event features antique classic homebuilt ultralight and warbird aircraft as well as vintage cars trucks motorcycles and tractors An all-you-can-eat Pancake Breakfast is served with all proceeds going to the local Marion High School Marching Band wwwFlylnCruiselncomlnfo Ray Johnson (765) 664-2588 or rjohnson indyrrcom

SEPTEMBER I -Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $2 50 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer Phone (740) 454-7487

SEPTEMBER 2-Mondovi WI-21st Annual Log Cabin Airport Fly-In Doug Ward Owner Operator 715-287-4205 Lunch noon

SEPTEMBER 8-Newark Ohio-NewarkshyHeath Airport (VTA) Annual Fly-In DriveshyIn Breakfast Pancakes and More Young Eagles Flights Vintage Airplanes Classic Cars Tom McFadden 740-587shy2312 email EAA402adelphianet

SEPTEMBER 9-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-12pm For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

SEPTEMBER 21-22- Bartlesville OK-Frank Phillips Field (BVO) 51st Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-In Antiques Classics Light Sport Warbirds Forum Type Clubs Info Charlie Harris 918-622shy8400 wwwtulsafyincom

OCTOBER 5-7-Camden SC-Kershaw County Airport (KCDN) VAA Chapter 3 Fall Fly-In All classes welcome BBQ on field Fri Evening EAA judging all classes Sat Banquet Sat Nite Info Jim Wilson 843-753-7138 or eiwilson homexpresswaynet

OCTOBER 5-7-St Louis MO-Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) The Monocoupe Club Fly-In amp Reunion wwwmonocoupecom

OCTOBER IO-I4-Tuliahoma TN- Beech Birthday Party 2007 Staggerwing Twin Beech 18 Bonanza Baron Beech ownersamp enthusiasts Info 931shy455-1974

Your One STOP Quality Shop Hook up air hose from your compressor Add Glass Beads or otherabrasiveAim powergun 1-888-388-8803 (included) at part and remove 1-780-447-5955 rust paint and scale

Exhaust Systems FAST WORKS GREAT Abrasive recycles 22d 34w Carb Air Boxes 2012h work area22 ga steel14 Structural Assemblies ga steel legs Requires 7 Clamps amp Hardware cfm 80 psi amp shop Round Engine Exhausts

Engine Mounts Fuel Cells Heaters

All Make amp Models wwwacomweldlngcom

2007 MAJOR FLy-INS

For details on EM Chapter flymiddotins and other local avimiddot ation events visit wwweaaorgjevents

Golden West EAA Regional Ay-In

Yuba County Airport (MYV) Marysville CA

June 29middotJuly 1 2007 wwwGodenWestRynorg

Rocky Mountain EAA Regional AyJn Front Range Airport (FTG) Watkins CO

June 23-24 2007 wwwRMRRorg

Arlington EAA Ay-In

Arlington Municipal Airport (AWO) Arlington WA July 11-15 2007

wwwNWEAAorg

EAA AlrVenture Oshkosh

Something to buy sell or trade Classified Word Ads $550 per 10 words 180 words maximum with boldface

lead-in on first line

Classified Display Ads One column wide (2167 inches) by 1 2 or 3 inches

high at $20 per inch Black and white only and no frequency discounts

Advertising Closing Dates 10th of second month prior to desired issue date

(ie January 10 is the closing date for the March issue) VAA reserves the right

to reject any advertising in conflict with its policies Rates cover one insertion per

issue Classified ads are not accepted via phone Payment must accompany order

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MISCELLANEOUS BABBITT BEARING SERVICE - rod

Wittman Regional Airport (OSH) Oshkosh WI July 23-29 2007 wwwAirVentureorg

EAA Mld-Eastem Regional Ay-In Mansfield Lahm Airport Mansfield OH August 25-26 2007

httpMERR info

Virginia Regional EAA Ay-In

Dinwiddie County Airport (PTB) Petersburg VA October 6-7 2007 wwwVAEAAorg

EAA Southeast Regional Ay-In Middleton Field Airport (GZH) Evergreen AL October 12-14 2007 wwwSERRorg

Copperstate Regional EAA AyJn Casa Grande (Arizona) Municipal Airport (CGZ)

October 25-28 2007 wwwcopperstateorg

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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 39

VINTAGE AIRCRAFT

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40 JUNE 2007

-=-_tI 8015 CONCER

~oNO~Y )JY 13

presented by Ecpse ~1aton n 8lt ford otor col1pa y

Page 14: PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATIONmembers.eaavintage.org/wp...Vol-35-No-6-June-2007.pdf · PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION . ... Flightline Safety Committee and their

Two Guns White Cap chief of the Blackfoot Indians with pilot Ralph Brown WT Thomas at right The Inmiddot dian brought the whole tribal family to witness the flight Once off the water the chief let out a war whoop to let evmiddot eryone know he was quite pleased

The Brindley Street plant in Ithaca New York about 1915 where the Tmiddot2 and Dmiddot2 tractor planes were built

Thomas was due to be added to the company This gentleman had no relation to the founders of the comshypany but he was destined to change and influence the companys direcshytion substantially Mr B Douglas Thomas became the chief engineer and airplane designer He had an exshycellent aircraft background having previously worked as assistant airshycraft deSigner for Vickers Ltd and later Sopwith Aviation Through simshyilar circumstance he also worked for Glenn Curtiss where he assisted in designing the famous Curtiss Model J tractor and the famous Jenny He also took part with Lt Porte in designing the America the first multiple-engine flying boat built for the purpose of transatlantic flight

Upon being employed by the Thomas Bros Airplane Co B Dougshylas Thomas designed its first successshyful tractor biplane The model was deSignated T-2 and was similar to the Model J Curtiss except for the addi-

Morris Chain Co Ithaca New York a subsidiary of BorgmiddotWarner where WT Thomas eventually merged his interests Mr Morris owned controlmiddot ling interest with WT Thomas as vice president

VINTAGE AIRPLA NE 13

The board room group disshycussing aircraft business Left to right Harold Bliss BD Thomas GeorgeAbel Jerome Freed Mr Morris W T Thomas Raymond Ware BD Thomas was no relation to WT Thomas

Employees of the Thomas Brothers Aeroplane Co Ithaca New York Brindley Street plant

H might be Frank Burn-side standing beside the large trainer at the Thomas School of Aviation near Hhaca New York Note that the ailerons were emshyployed up top wing only Exshyhaust stacks rose from the top of the engine and were attached to pipe which wrapped around both sides of the fuselage WT Thomas flying school was the first Board of Regents Chartered Aviation School in New York State This plane was possishybly a Model 02

14 JUNE 2007

Side profile of an assemshybled Thomas Aero Motor The hand crank was preshy

ferred to swinging the prop on a geared ltwo-to-one)

engine Note the individual cylinder primers beside

spark plugs

tion of two nose skids and the 90-hp Austro-Daimler engine It had a top speed of 83 mph and could climb 3800 feet in 10 minutes carrying a lOOO-pound load The performance of this machine added to the prestige of the companys having hired a new deshySigner and resulted in an order from the British Adshymiralty for 24 Model T-2 airplanes its first sizable order

Wit h two pre v i 0 u s One of 15 Model SH-4 hydroplanes built by Thomas-Morse for the US Navy in about 1916 It moves from Hornell New York and Bath New York

was powered with a 149-hp Sturtevant engine

the brothers looked for a new locashy signed and built a 135-hp geared commissioned in the Royal Flying tion in which to expand Ithaca New engine with the help of designers Corps This brought a number of pishyYork at the southern end of Cayuga GeorgeAbel and Harold Bliss also two lots to the shores of Cayuga Lake as Lake was a natural choice with flat of the founders of this new division World War I gained intensity fields for takeoff and landing and a In 1915 two seaplanes designated The expansion and all of the activishy40-mile-long lake constituting an SH-4 and SH-5 were built for the ties had put considerable financial strain ideal seaplane or flying boat test area Navy and the D-5 tractor plane was on the Thomas companies A refinancshyThis coupled with the cold-weather developed for the Signal Corps Furshy ing was accomplished by merging the ability to fly from the ice resulted in ther development in 1916 resulted in airplane and engine division with the an ideal location production of the SH-4 seaplane and flying school then merging with the

Shortly after the move to Ithaca IS were built for the US Navy Morse Chain Co of Ithaca New York BD Thomas designed a new model With the prestige of not only an Thus the final name that is so wellshytheD-2 tractor biplane This was the airplane company but also a moshy known Thomas-Morse Aircraft Corp first use of the new Thomas entershy tor company and a flying school was born January 31 1917 in time to prise which was to build its own enshy The Thomas School of Aviation was build the famous World War I fighters gines This auxiliary company called picked by the Canadian government To be concluded in next months The Thomas Air Motor Co had de- for pilots who would train to become issue of Vintage Airplane

V I N T AGE AI RPLA NE 15

L0023Nnr 9l

bull SIAIWel uO~lnod all~

There seems to be two distinctly different types of people in the world of little airplanes those who love and adore the Aeronca Chief and those who wouldnt know an Aeronca Chief if they found it floating in their coffee Its not a question of liking it or disliking it because its one of those airplanes that has such a low recognition factor that a relatively

small percentage of the pilot popushylation even knows it exists In some ways thats a good thing because it has helped keep the prices down for those who want a Chief of their own One of those is Danny Poulton of Belshyton South Carolina

The Poultons Chief is not your avshyerage Chief Were all used to seeing the 11AC (65 hp) or the 11CC (85 hp)

-the postwar Super Chief-but theirs is an lIBe Were not sure it ever carshyried a name but maybe we should call it the Not-Quite-Super-Chief It came out of the factory in 1947 with a C8S-8 which meant no provisions for a starter Not a normal one anyway It had a McDowell starter which was a combination of ratcheted sprockets and a lever that worked very much like the pull starter on a lawn mower with the cable going back to a hanshydle in the cockpit By the time Danny bought the airplane as a project in Michigan the starter had long since disappeared In fact everything fireshywall-forward had disappeared But were getting ahead of ourselves

Danny had owned a number of airplanes in the past and in fact had learned to fly while he was still in high school

We had aviation on my moms side of the family he says My unshycle was an airframe and powerplant mechanic (AampP) and a fUll -time corshyporate pilot and he encouraged me

He progressed through a number of airplanes most of them some varishyation of the Piper PA-28 line includshying an Arrow although a 63 C-l72 did follow him home one day

I met Donna and aviation beshycame part of our life he says In fact we were married in a 421 Cessna at five thousand feet over Anderson South Carolina

Danny didnt get into vintage airshyplanes until four years ago with the Chief It was a form of therapy because he was on a crusade to lose weight

I had let myself balloon up to 460 pounds and if I was going to live I had to lose the weight I had two sons Dale and JD and a wonderful wife and I didnt want to lose all of that just beshycause I was overweight So I started looking for an airplane to rebuild as a way to keep myself busy We live on an airpark and we had a great guy Gene Richburg living just down the runshyway from us He was 82 years old at the time and knew everything there was to know about rebuilding airplanes and he volunteered to help me

So Danny launched on two projshyects at the same time both of them

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 17

Danny Poulton holds open the top cowl to reveal the Continental C-SS installation It appears Danny has decided not to trust his Chief mechanical fuel gauges which are known to be troublesome and is using an old standby the wire and cork float gauge so common prior to World War II

In keeping with the restrained nature of Dannys customized Chief a few nice touches such as the upholstered side panels and polished control wheel caps brighten up the otherwise original-looking cabin Look closely and you can see the toe brake pedals on the pilots side of the cockpit Those pedals are seen only on the UBC UCC and lSAC Sedan

The tubular structure of the landing gear is covered with an aluminum fairshying leading to a nicely finished pair of replica fiberglass wheelpants The small cable attached to the trailing edge of the landing gear is a safety cable It was originally installed in case of a failshyure of the originally installed phenolic piston within the oleo strut Later after an airworthiness directive (47-20-02) and Aeronca Service Helps and Hints No 12 required changing the phenoshylic part to one made of aluminum the need for the cable was negated but most owners keep it just in case

monumental The first was to lose weight and the second to find a projshyect that fit his goals and skill levels

I didnt look long and actually found the Chief on eBay It belonged to an AampP in Michigan who had started to rebuild it and then decided to put it up for sale I hadnt done anything like this before so I was reshyally not sure of what I was doing but I hooked up my trailer and headed up to Michigan to buy the Chief That was in July of 2003

What he saw when he got to Michshyigan was enough to encourage him so he loaded it up and brought it back to South Carolina As is always the case however he wouldnt really know what he had until he did a thorshyough inventory back home

The large dorsal fin on the llBC Chief (also used on the UCC) makes identifishycation of the higher-horsepower Chiefs a bit easier

18 JUNE 2007

When we unloaded at home Gene came over and we spread the entire collecshytion of stuff out to see what was missing and what kind of work was going to be needed In general the airshyframe was actually in great shape because the AampP

had already started workshying on it and had finished the major compon ents The wings were more or less complete and fini shed

and the work was beautiful About all th ey needed were the leading edges and to be covered

The fuselag e tubing had been cleaned and painted and most of the fuselage wood was usable too Part of the airplanes condition is probshyably because it had only 400 hours on it and had spent most of its life stored inside somewhere We dont have much of the airplane s history but you could see by looking at the wood and steel that it hadnt been left outside to rot like so many Chiefs have been

When we were done inventorying it we found a lot of missing or unusshyable stuff that I hadn t noticed when picking it up It had no tail wheel or wing struts and the doors were not only the wrong doors but were badly crushed There were no control yokes and all of the logos were missing Same thing for all of the interior upshyholstery boards Plus there was esshysentially nothing firewall-forward I

Its still easy for most of those who h ave restored airplanes to rememshyber what it was like in the days beshyfore computers The dozens of trips to fly-markets the phone calls and the constant surveillance of Trade-ashyPlane were not only aggravating but added a huge amount of time to finshyishing the project Danny came into the Vintage world PC post computer so he was able to take full advantage of cyber searching for parts

Besides buying the airplane on eBay that service proved to be a tershyrific source for some of the rarer parts I needed Among other things thats

Whats in a Model Number By HG Frautschy

The differences between the llBC Chief and the llCC Super Chief are tough to spot but in todays sport pilot market one distinction can spell the

difference between flying one and just owning one

Both airplanes are powered by the Continental C85-8 and both came equipped with the rather clever McDowell starter The McDowell was vilified by

some as being a cheap substitute for an electrical starter but having had one

for years on my Super Chief Id have to say it s one of the neatest inventions

added to the postwar lightplane If treated with respect and used in the way the manufacturer intended it worked perfectly It did have one design weakness

that could have been easily solved but it didnt last long enough on the market to make it that far

The McDowell was activated using a cable with a ball swaged on the end

Because of the way the ball and cable were retained in the starters pulley

sheave the cable would fray and then break just below the ball or an overly

enthusiastic pull on the starter cable would pull the ball right off the end If Mcshy

Dowell had used a small fitting inside the sheeve to allow for a straight pull on

the cable (and if the cable had a ball and shank swaged fitting) Im convinced the McDowell would have been much more popular

It allowed for a lightweight starter to be installed on an airplane intended to be flown by casual travelers who were interested in ease of use and safety

It allowed my wife and her instructor both petite women to independently fly

the airplane without requiring a flip of the prop by someone else As long as

the engine was in good tune and one could reasonably expect the airplane to start when the impulse magneto fired the McDowell was a great way to pul l

the prop through safely

The 11BC and 11CC interiors were similar with a slight edge going to the

llCC for a few interior appointments added to enhance the automobile-like

feel to the cockpit Hap Granier the designer of the interior of all three postwar Aeroncas worked his magic on the Chiefs to give them a small sedan or coupe

feeling Bedford whipcord upholstery and side panels the zebrawood pattern wood-gra in-printed instrument panel and control wheels instead of control

sticks all contributed to that atmosphere

Both the 11CC and 11BC featured a large dorsal fin but the 11CC had a

different elevator stabilizer configuration That fact is sometimes lost on reshy

storers and aircraft modifiers who incorrectly (and illegally) put the earlier

11AC or llBC stab elevator combination on an llCC The 11CC has an aeroshy

dynamically balanced elevator designed to meet the hands-off gliding speed requirements of the then-new CAR 03 regulations Aeronca also had the llCC

certified in the Utility category as well as the Normal category with maximum gross weights of 1 290 and 1 350 pounds respectively That right there is a major difference in the airplanes as they are viewed in the market today The 11BC with a maximum gross weight of 1250 pounds is sport pilot eligible

while the llCC by virtue of its 1350 weight is not Interestingly a few llCC additions made it into the llBC as well Both

Chiefs as well as the four-place Aeronca Sedan shared the same rudder brake pedals with toe brakes instead of the heel brakes seen on the Champ Both feature flight characteristics similar to the Champ with the Chiefs having

the edge when it comes to cross-country flights With a 70-pound baggage alshylowance and up to 23 gallons of fuel on board the Chief is a great traveling machine if you re not in a hurry But when you re flying something as pretty as

a Chief whos in a big hurry

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 1 9

BONNIE KRATZ

He Danny Poultons Aeronca Chief features a custom color scheme that is reminiscent of the original decoration composed by Hap Granier for Aeroncas4012E side-by-side personal airplane

where I~gOt~t~h~e~iiiiiiiiiiibullbullbullbull con- trol yoke covers with the Aeronca logos the ashshytrays the bezels and the air box for the cabin heat I even found the pishytot tube and hand brake on eBay If I would have had to physically search for all of that stuff Id probably still be looking

Wag-Aero came to the rescue in supplying the struts and wing leadshying edges

III was able to use most of the origishynal boot cowl but the original noseshybowl was really bad and was cut for the McDowell starter so I used an STCd fiberglass replacement If I find a good original I may change that

11Th is airplane came out of the facshytory with toe brakes which were with the airplane and I stayed with the mechanical brakes and just installed new pads You dont really need

20 JUNE 2007

brakes on the airshyplane for anything so they work just fine

Danny was planning on flying the airplane a lot and added a venturi so he could run an artificial horizon and added air vent holes

When we were doing the inteshyrior there was no kit available for the headliner so a neighbor Phyllis Dalshyton sewed one up using the original material found on Chiefs That was really tedious Then I made the side panels and covered them with Airtex fabric and had to fabricate a new bagshygage door and make the boards for the seats

The panel had already been cleaned so the wood grain was gone but I decided not to try to put it on I did however make two metal glove

compartments for it The sliding windows were

original to the airplane but the polished prop isnt I just thought it looked betshyter polished

When the airframe was done and ready to be covered Danny went with Poly-Fiber and shot it with Aeroshythane but not in the original colshyors or scheme

IIAirtex had some sample seat covers for the airplane that were inexpensive so I bought them and had the paint mixed to go with the seat covers Also the paint stripes arent original They

mimic the factory scheme but arent exact I should also mention that I had some help with the fabric from Larry and Phyllis Dalton who helped cover the airplane This was my first time and they made it easy

Since Danny had no engine he was starting from scratch in that area The original was a C8S-8 but with his papaerwork he found a Supplemental Type Certificate (STC) that opened interesting new avenues

There was part of an STC in our paperwork that would let me install a -12 engine and that would allow me to have an electric starter which I reshyally wanted The problem was that the STC wasnt complete Plus the -8 mount is

than the shy12 so its not

a plug-andshyplay

change and I

expected some problems

getting the papershywork straightened out

I called the Atshylanta Flight Stanshydards District Office and really

lucked out The Coshylumbia Federal Aviashy

tion Agency (FAA) field examiner came out looked the airplane over and said hed be happy to clean up the paperwork and submit it to Atlanta for me What I thought was going to be a problem turned out to be quite easy

Unfortunately Danny found out that things dont always go easy when restoring an airplane and his headaches came in the form of his first engine

I had two sons

Dale and lD

and a wonderful

wife and 1 didnt

want to lose all of

that just because

1 was overweight

So 1 started

looking for an

airplane to rebuild

as a way to keep

myself busy

I bought a C8S-12 that had been overhauled I had flown it for about 22 hours when one cylinder lost a lot of compression so we pulled the jug When we got inside we found that the rod was just banging around in there and was loose on the crank When we split the case we found the crank was badly scored and a lot of metal had gone through the engine so I had to find another one

The second engine was freshly overhauled by an FAA-certified shop

in 2000 after a prop strike The guy I bought it from was building a homebuilt and

was afraid that the engine was going to sit too long before his

project was completed so he sold it Everything checked out to be perfect and it has been humming along with no problems since day one

We flew the airplane for the first time July I 2006 and I had a local pilot Gary Dalton do the test hop I dont mind telling you that I was nershyvous watching it When I flew it for the first time I had only 10 hours of tailshywheel time Id logged while getting my tail wheel endorsement I was a little nervous then too but everything went beautifully When we flew it it was alshymost exactly three years to the day that we unloaded it from the trailer

When I started I guess I became a little compulsive about working on it Id eat in the hangar work until 10 or 11 every night and sometimes Id wake up in the middle of the night and go out and work on it When Id get home from church on Sunday Id change clothes and go out and get something done Im glad I did it that way because it really helped me with the other problem

In the process of restoring his Chief Danny met several goals The first was finishing and flying his own Chief but the second and more imshyportant was taking control of his life From the time he started the Chief to the time he flew it he lost 230 pounds and added no telling how many years to his life Most people have difficulty committing to just finishing an airshyplane so Danny is to be congratushylated for two jobs well done ~

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 21

~The Bmiddot thof

Creating a classic design BY CHESTER L PEEK PHD

Could you in three months time design and build a new light plane without tools or factory and with very little money Impossible you say But that is just what eG Tayshylor did in the spring of 1936 when he introduced the legendary Taylorshycraft to the aviation world Heres the story

In the last week of December 1935 eG Taylor was confined to his bed ill and completely discourshy

aged Days before he and Bill Piper Hangar at Butler Pennsylvania 1936 Still in use today had signed a legal document that dissolved their troubled partnership For Taylors share of the Taylor Cub company (which was in debt more than $90000) he received approximately $5000 to be paid out in small installments over three years

Byron Shinn knew Taylor well both as a customer and friend In a 1991 letter he describes Taylors situashytion and subsequent events

Back in the 1930s we had a small manufacturing comshypany located in one of the hangars on the Butler Pennsylvashynia airport called The Shinn Devices Company We made aluminum wheels for aircraft 4 bead diameter 700X4 tire and at that time sold them to most of the light aircraft manshyufacturers including the Taylor and Piper organization in Bradford Pennsylvania We had a quite complete machine shop and engineering design business I remember how Taylorcraft got started One very cold winter day probably in December 1935 I drove up to see Taylor in Bradford The roads were terrible ice coated and I almost had several acshycidents When I got there I found Taylor sick in bed and in a very discouraged frame of mind He had just been kicked out of his company by Piper and had little or no money or employment I told him with his abilities as an aircraft deshysigner and builder that he should certainly try to get back in the business and offered to help if I could

I went back to Butler and contacted D Bar Peat who was a promoter a very nice fellow who was running the Butler

Ken SchoHer about 1980 airport I asked if he could raise some money to start Tayshy22 JUNE 2007

TAYLORCRAFT BY C 6 TAYLOR PlmBUR6H-BUTLER AIRPORT BunER PA

STABLE FAST A NEW LIGHT PLANE ECONOMICAL LOWPRICED

First Taylorcraft ad February 1936 Aero Digest

First Taylorcraft specifications Photo is of a model

during the

Depression

you NEVER

left a job

Yet these men

deeply loyal

to Taylor

came with him

to this chancy

new venture Byron Shinn about 1936

TAYLORCRAFT Model A

ATe pendingB_ Span 36 (11 m) Length 22 (67 m) Heicht 6 8 (21 m) Wm area 169 fLgt (156 ml) Power Ioodiaa 2IS IbsJhp (118 kcJho) WioJ Ioadma 58 1bbullJIt (293 kcl) Weicht empty 570 Ibs (259 kg) U falload 420 Ibs (190 kc) Payload 181 lbo (82 kcl Gr weiht m lbo (449kcr Bant I Ibs (5 kg) Fuel 10 gals

~L~~L11t1iLk hp

~~~gtam~~hm~~49 kph) l~ mph (51h ) Semlte laquoiliaC 101000 ft (4260 m) imb per min 400 It (122 tn) Cruig rang 210 mi (371 1aD) ~ F welded eel tubg four JODIeIODS of proareqjve diameters wood faired and fabric conrcd removable maine mouat j streued fot SO hp installamiddot tion Wg two paDdJ bolted to fuselafefabric _ ~ oectioo With eJlipticalJy rOUDded tips JOlid apruce JPlrs

Zplace ATC

metal ribs fabricated from drawn NicraJ secshytions sinclc drag wire bracinc built-up metal frame ailerons fabric COYered and of the balanced type with DO exposed horns

=r~~brTc ~~ai~~~wd~ removable fin elentor and stabiliurs inshyterlthanaeable right or IefL Landing rear =evbsor~ closed~~~es color ocJlulosc finish with trim Two-place flex-wine seat 39 inches ide--by-lide cabin fabric lined and fire-wall sound proofed all control cables and fittinp in the cabin are fully enclosed Baggag compartment 6- X 9- X w- back of seaL

~~6oo-~~bS~ wbeds DuPont Pluticell 1rindJhield rulr her mounted illltrument pampDe1 ~ Aeromarinc altimeter U S 011

~~itfra~~ pass or other instnunmts extra

Carlson and Harold White who were engineers Ken Tibbits and Les Salshychow Parks College graduates along with mechanics Colby Carpenter and William Crawford All these men had good secure jobs with Piper and durshying the Depression you NEVER left a job Yet these men deeply loyal to Taylor came with him to this chancy new venture All would eventually rise to responsible executive posishytions with Taylorcraft

Ken Scholter a local mechanic was hired as a welder Contemposhyrary reports credit him with most of the welding on the new plane Forshytunately he was also an amateur photographer and documented the building process on film He furshynished most of the photos shown in this article

Shinn resumes I When Taylor came to Butler he had very little money we all had very little money at that time I believe he got a small settlement from Piper for his share of the Cub company This was in the depths of the Depresshysion We doled the money out a few dolshylars at a time and started to build the first plane We used our machine shop to make the draw bench to make the rib parts and to make most of the parts jigs and dies that required machining

An engineering department was set up I hired a draftsman when Ray Carlshyson moved down from Bradford Tayshylor and the mechanics would make the parts and then the draftsman would

lor up again in the airplane business He along with Col make the drawings We designed a new wheel for the plane Breckenridge and some others did raise a little money about lightweight and very strong being constructed of an alumishy$1000 as I recall enough to include the building of the jigs num stamping fastened to a cast aluminum end rim Tayshyand fixtures and the first plane We moved Taylor and his lor and I also developed the new tapered axle which was family to Butler rented him a house and started work in a lighter and less costly A new Goodrich tire size 600 x 6 vacant hangar on the Butler airport SeveraL of Taylors men was used from Bradford came with him II The plane was designed and built during the first four

Actually six key Bradford employees left Piper and to five months of 1936 This must have been some sort of joined Taylor in the new enterprise They were Ray record When the plane was finished the test pilot Tibbits

VINTA GE A IR PLANE 23

One day we came to work

to find trucks backed up

to the hangar and Taylor

hauling away all the

Taylorcraft parts Batch of Shinn 800 x 4 wheelsjigs and fixtures

started the test flights First he taxied the plane up and down the runway then flew it the length of the runway just off the ground then made flights a bit higher and finally made circuits The plane flew very well but would not stall The CAA required proper recovery from a stall so Taylor worked on the horizontal tail surfaces so that a stall could be induced and the plane passed the CAA tests

Taylor was a design genius The CAA had just released a new-design wing curve and Taylor was the first I

ffi believe to use it The wing curve was ~ ~ faster and had a soft stall ~ This was the NACA 23012 airfoil z ~ Taylor once told the author that in

Fuselage structure 1935 he built a set of wings for the Cub using that airfoil but Piper veshytoed the change They were hanging on a wall when the Bradford factory burned in 1937

Shinn says I started an advertising campaign beginning with a very small ad in Aero Digest saying IISomething new is coming in Aviation The next ads told a little more People were very enthusiastic about the new plane It was much advanced over the Cub beshying faster with side-by-side seating and wheel controls Before long we had reshyceived down payments from over 50 customers $200 each as I recall This

ffi was due to correspondence with old ~ ~ Taylor Cub dealers and the Aero Dishy~ z gest ad In a 1992 interview Bob UJ

Taylor eGs son confirmed thisWing details He remembered his father waking

24 JUNE 2007

First A-40 run-up May 1936

him up one night in Butler and showing him $10000 in down payments

The first ad appeared in the February issue of Aero Digest and is shown on this page A later ad showed a photo of the plane but since no plane had been comshypleted at that time it was actually a snapshot of a model CG Taylor built on his kitchen table First the new trademark Taylorcraft was used but when Beechcraft threatened legal action claiming Taylorcraft sounded too much like Beechcraft the ads were changed to read Airplanes by GG Taylor However they resumed us-

CG Taylor and a Model ATaylorcraft 1936

ing the Taylorcraft name after sevshyeral months

Shinn continues D Bar Peat was always trying to promote the plane On Sundays they would put on an air show at the Butler airport and 200 to 300 people would atshytend Som e way he got the Taylorshycraft to lead the way when all the planes taxied by the grandstand at the Cleveland Air Races

Meanwhile in the hangar facshytory the prototype plane was beshying rushed to completion but not fast enough to suit Taylor He

once told the author I was away ~ from the plant for three days havshyo ~ ing given instructions to complete sect the engine mount When I returned

it was not done I hung the engine in the right place with a chain hoist we

cut the tubing to (it and it was done in an hour On May 1 the Continental A-40 engine SIN 635

was run up for the first time then on May 8 Taylor signed an application for an experimental certificate Only eight days later on Saturday May 16 CAA inshyspector RA Young witnessed the test flight and issued certificate X-16393 to the first Taylorcraft SIN 25 Apshyproximately three months had elapsed from the time construction was started until the new plane was airshyborne A remarkable achievement

It was a beautiful plane sleek and streamlined a far VINTAGE AIRPLANE 25

Test flight of the first Taylorcraft May 1936

1 rryen~~A1~~~ )~ ~- shyITS A - -=- (=- = --- I FAF

BEAUTY 51495middot00-----shy~GRACEFULLY CONTINENTAL

STREAMLINED - - _ MOTOR

C G TAYL O R bull PlttsburqhmiddotBuUer Airport bull Bu tler Penna

April 1936 ad in Aero Digest

cry from Taylors boxy square-cornered E-2 Cub With side-by-side seating and wheel controls it rivaled much larger more expensive planes such as the Waco and Stinson Weight had been kept to a minimum the proshytotype weighed only 570 pounds It was much faster than the Cub The first prospective customers who flew the plane verified the advertised cruising speed of 80 mph In a race with two locals an Aeronca C-3 and a Kinner Fleet the Taylorcraft won easily

The investors at Butler were elated With nearly 100 orders and down payments received for their new plane they envisioned a rapid production buildup and the prospects of a thriving profitable enterprise Their faith however had been misplaced

Shinn continues But unknown to D Bar Peat and me Taylor had been talking to others about financing and a place to manufacture the plane One day we came to work to find trucks backed up to the hangar and Taylor haulshying away all the Taylorcraft parts jigs and fixtures They moved to Alliance Ohio where they got one years free rent on a large old airplane factory financing and tax breaks D Bar Peat and I retained a lawyer to try to get back our inshyvestment eventually getting back some shares ofTaylorcraft 26 JUNE 2007

stock instead of money And Piper quit buying my wheels and switched to Hayes

Happily Taylor and Shinn soon put their legal difshyferences behind them and remained good friends and business associates for many years

Shinn was not alone in his disappointment when the unexpected move came Scholter was out of a job In 1992 he made this comment They left Butler owing me almost a months pay which I never got But they did give me a very nice letter of recommendation

The Alliance Review newspaper proudly announced the arrival of the new aircraft enterprise in its July 9 1936 edition But that is a story for another day

Authors note When researching my book The Taylorcraft Story in

1992 I was privileged to personally interview four prishymary information sources regarding the Butler Pennshysylvania events eG Taylor Bob Taylor Ken Scholter and Byron Shinn The history above was taken from those interviews and contemporary newspaper articles

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LIN COL N MERCURY

EXTRA The Butler Manufacturing Co NL-I3 biplane

The March 2007 Mystery Plane is the 1932 Butler Manufacturing Co NL-13 biplane designed by Albin Kasper Longren (sometimes simply reshyferred to as the Longren NL-13)

AK Longren had a very long and interesting aviation career Born in a log cabin near Clay Center Kansas in 1882 he was the one of 14 children born to Swedish immigrant homeshystead farmers Charles and Emma Lonshygren In 1901 he took a business course from the International Corresponshydence School (ICS) which he followed up with an ICS diploma in mechanical engineering from 1907-1911

Longrens interest in aviation beshygan with his observations of Henry L Call in 1908 Call originally a New York lawyer author and socialist had moved to Girard Kansas in February of 1908 in order to construct a large and ungainly flying machine powered by two 20-hp Curtiss B-4 engines Known as the Mayfly and The Chicken (among other colorful names) the airshycraft failed to fly despite modification Call enjoyed the support of the nashytional socialist newspaper An Appeal to Reason and constructed several aircraft under the aegis of The Aerial Navigashytion Company of America starting in 1908 before the company changed its name

Beginning in 1911 Call manushyfactured two-cylinder and fourshycylinder horizontally opposed air-cooled engines which h e marshyketed to would-be aviators through

28 JUNE 2007

BY WESLEY SMITH

advertisements (primarily in Aircraft and Fly magazines published by Alshyfred W Lawson of 1920 Lawson Airshyliner fame) The two-cylinder Call was rated at 45 hp and the four-cylshyinder engine was rated at 90 hp Call engines were among the first aircraft engine to be fitted with mufflers an individual muffler being attached to the exhaust port of each cylinder

With his brother EJ Longren and a mechanic named William Janeke Longren constructed a Curtiss-type pusher biplane in Topeka Kansas Beshygun in the summer of 1910 the Toshypeka I was not completed until the fall of 1911 Fitted with a 60-hp Hall-Scott A-2 a water-cooled V-8 the Topeka I became the first successful aircraft to be completed in the state of Kansas Longren made his first flight on Sepshytember 2 and on September 5 1911 he made two flights the first flight reaching about 225 feet in altitude and covering 15 miles and the secshyond reaching about 300 feet and covshyering six miles

Of course Longren was only one of numerous individuals who built Curtiss-type pushers Plans for early Herring-Curtiss machines were pubshylished in Aeronautics and other aviashytion periodicals as well as in books With some individual alterations many such aircraft were built in the United States prior to Americas entry into World War 1

At any rate Longren soon went into the exhibition business with

H Young renaming the Topeka I as the Dixie Flyer The words Dixie Flyer - AK Longren - Aviator were painted on the underside of the Topeka IDishyxie Flyers monoplane canard Between 1911 and 1914 Longren gave 1372 exhibition flights in Kansas Texas Oklahoma Nebraska and Colorado for the Young Aviation Co

In 1912 Longren built a second Curshytiss-type with a Hall-Scott A-2 This airshycraft incorporated the improvements Curtiss had made to his newer aircraft during 1911-1912 and in due course the mid-gap ailerons were moved to the trailing edges of the upper wing This aircraft was sold to Longrens forshymer student and friend Phil Billard who used it to give exhibition flights This aircraft sometimes known as the Topeka II was presented to the Kansas State Historical Society in 1938 where it still exists as a display

In the spring of 1914 Longren took time to marry Ms Dolly Trent Later that winter (1914-1915) Longren built his first entirely original aircraft design - a two-place tractor biplane again seshylecting the reliable Hall-Scott as the powerplant During an exhibition at the Dickson County Fair at Abilene on September 9 1915 the aircraft stalled on takeoff and was destroyed hitting an automobile that was leaving the fairshygrounds Longrens passenger was relashytively unscathed but Longren suffered a broken leg and several internal injuries

While recovering from his injushyries in early 1916 Longren with Phil

Billard began the construction of his fourth aircraft the Model G The Model G was a clean two-place tractor biplane with a strong resemblance to a Curtiss IN-4 In fact it was powered by a Curtiss OX-2 and was intended for sale to the warring European powers However only two were sold one to the Kansas National Guard the other being used for exhibition flights

Late in the year Longren built a small tractor biplane sometimes reshyferred to as the Longren Bus The conshystruction featured a three-ply wooden monocoque fuselage and was built for William Burt of Okmulgee Oklahoma A second machine was constructed for Lester Miller of Dallas Texas who inshytended to use the aircraft for aerobatic exhibitions By late 1917 Longren had moved on to another two-place design known as the Model H As in the case of the earlier Longren Bus the Model H used a wooden monocoque fuselage The Model H was powered by a Curshytiss 90-hp OX-5 engine unfortunately while on his way to Kansas City Misshysouri Longren suffered an engine failshyure near Wakarusa Kansas The aircraft was destroyed in a crash which proved fatal to a cow standing in the field in which Longren was forced down He was made to pay $10000 in restitution to the angry farmer After that interest in the Model H faded away

Late in 1917 Longren became involved with Frederick W Buck MD ME and applied for a posishytion as chief engineer with the Buck Aircraft and Munitions Co of Denshyver To what extent Longren became involved with Dr Buck is unknown Buck (a long with Elmer Sperry and later Charles F Kettering at DaytonshyWright) had plans to develop and sell an aerial torpedo - essentially a small 50-hp biplane cruise misshysile which was intended to fly on a preprogrammed course then shed its wings at the proper time and place depositing a bomb contained within the crude fuselage framework

Longrens career took another path after his debacle with the Model H After failing to establish a new airshycraft company in Overland Park Kansas Longren eventually took a

position at McCook Field as an airshycraft inspector The Great War had cost Longrens friend Phil Billard his life when he was killed in a flying accident while serving in Issoudun France Longrens position at McshyCook had allowed him the opportushynity to examine every domestic and foreign-built aircraft tested there unshytil the time of his departure in 1919 On June 17 1919 Longren formed the Longren Aircraft Corp in Topeka Kansas using a former woolen mill in the Oakland suburb as the site for the new corporation The first aircraft to come out of the plant was the rebuilt Model H now resurrected as the H-2 It is unclear as to how the H-2 differed from the earlier Model H but by midshy1920 Longren had gone in yet another direction with the construction of the two-place Model D-2 - a small aircraft powered by a three-cylinder Y conshyfiguration Lawrence Model B engine of 35-60 hp Within a year the D-2 had evolved to become the Longren Model AK Sport

Described in the pages of Aviashy

tion and Aerial Age Weekly (Volume 11 Number 12 Sept 291921 pages 336-337 and Volume 14 Numshyber 3 Sept 26 1921 pages 55-56 respectively) the two-place Longren Sport or Fibre Sport was a sensational design that incorporated the three-ply laminated wooden monocoque fuseshylage of the 1916 Longren Bus and the 1917 Model H and a set of folding biplane wings to facilitate storage It is unclear as to how the fuselage of the Sport may have differed from earshylier Longren monocoque construcshytion techniques if at all

However a 1925 Longren patent describes the use of diamond-shaped wood fibre shell (procured from the National Fibre Co) being covered with an additional two layers of wood laminations on either side The fushyselage was made in upper and lower halves using steam-pipe-heated conshycrete male and female molds clamped together using 6000 pounds of presshysure The sections were then trimmed and dried with special provision for humidity control before being joined

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 29

to a framework of grooved ash longeshyrons and formers The fuselage formshyers were made of three-ply materials engine-bearing formers were made of a seven-ply material The formers were in turn attached to the fuseshylage shells with screws Finally the fushyselage was varnished inside and out with Valspar varnish the exterior reshyceiving a coat of pigmented varnish before a final clear coat

Sold with both Lawrence Model Lshy2 three-cylinder Y-style and Anzani sixshycylinder radial engines the Longren Fibre Sport was flown in several notashyble Midwestern aviation events during the early 1920s During the American Legion Air Meet at Kansas City (Octoshyber 31 - November 3 1921) the Sport made 38 consecutive loops while being flown by ND Trinler Two Sports were also flown during a special efficiency race held at Omaha Nebraska on Noshyvember 11 An AK Sport again flown by Trinler placed second with a speed of 7791 mph when flown over a 153shymile triangular course Later that Noshyvember two AK Sports were placed at the disposal of the Kansas City Star to deliver newspapers from Kansas City to Lawrence Kansas in record time During a game between the Missouri Tigers and the Kansasjayhawks a teleshygraph wired a play-by-play account of the football game to the Stars office The newspapers were then promptly set printed and delivered via aircraft to the Lawrence street vendors beshyfore departing fans were even able to reach their homes

After establishing a climb record for Longren aircraft in 1922 the Longren Sport attracted the attention of customshyers from as far away as China and the Soviet Union In 1923 the US Navy became interested and on February 19 1924 Lt jB Kneip flew the accepshytance tests for the first of three Lonshygren AK Sports that were sold to the Navy (serial numbered A6745 through A6747) The first machine was shipped to Washington DC for testing at the Anacostia Naval Air Station while the other two were delivered to Pensacola However documentation of their subshysequent testing and use by the Navy remains elusive

30 JUNE 2007

Photos of Longren Sports and the later NL-13 show the distinctive Lonshygren company logo painted on the side of the fuselage and perhaps a few words need to be said about it This consisted of four capital ilLs joined at the top of each letter This formed a crux gammata or swastika although the direction the letters pointed was counter-clockshywise as opposed the symbols use on aircraft flown by Nazi Germany in which the bottom of the ilLs point in a clockwise direction Prior to its adoption by the Nazi Party this ancient symbol was seen as far afield at the Southwestshyern United States where it was a sacred symbol of Native Americans and in Inshydia and in Runic Europe During The Great War the Indian head emblem of Seaplane Pilots Association (SPA) 124 included a crux gammata as part of the headdress worn by the Native Amerishycan chief tan In its time and place it was considered as a symbol of good forshytune and was in no way considered to be an insult In fact after World War I Finland adopted a grayish-blue crux

gammata inscribed within a white circle as the national insignia for its aircraft In Longrens case the ilL was inscribed with a second ilL and the rest of the letters in Longrens surname In addishytion to that a circular logo and was placed at the center of the emblem to which a set of wings and a propeller reached out to a point near the tips of the ilLs So as it turns out the Lonshygren swastika was covered by what might roughly be considered a crux

immissa or crucifix Longren had no connections to fascist idealism The company logo which originated in the Midwest in the early 20s was simply a clever play on the primary letter in Longrens surname

No matter how good an aircraft the Longren Sport was the company could not survive on such limited orders and the last aircraft was sold in May of 1924 The remaining company assets patents and facilities were sold at an auction in March 1926 The Longren Sport was resurrected briefly in 1928 when the American Eagle Aircraft Corporation of Kansas City Missouri built a solitary aircraft as the Model A-429 However the aircraft was much different than the

original Longren Sport and the design was not pursued further Following the collapse of his company Longren was hired by Willis Brown to become viceshypresident of production at the Spartan Aircraft Co in Tulsa When Brown left in 1929 Longren also moved on to beshycome a design consultant at the Butshyler Manufacturing Co at Kansas City Butler had planned to manufacture the Butler Blackhawk biplane However the company was unable to do this and all manufacturing was halted in 1931 At this pOint Longren made a deal to build a new airplane -- the NL-13

Registered as X12538 and sporting the distinctive Longren fuselage logo the NL-13 (NL possibly standing for New Longren) fuselage was built usshying a new machine-forming method for heat-treated duralumin sheets The upper and lower fuselage halves of the 1932 NL-13 biplane were joined to T-shaped longerons and riveted toshygether Fuselage formers also made of liT cross-section were riveted to the halves creating a very strong duralushymin semi-monocoque fuselage Like the earlier Longren AK the NL-13 had twin side-by-side seating The powerplant of the aircraft was a Martin 333 of 120 hp With the exception of the wing spars the NL-13 was of all-metal construction the wings being fabric covered

The aircraft was first tested by George Gay in August of 1932 At that time Gay worked for the aeronautics branch of the Civil Aeronautics Administrashytion (CAA) The aircraft was found to be slightly tail-heavy This was cured by a slight stabilizer adjustment The engine also suffered from a slight overshyheating problem This was corrected by enlarging the cooling louvers and subshystituting the original propeller with anshyother type

The NL-13 had a span of 28 feet and a length of 22 feet Apparently the goal of the NL-13 was to obtain a military contract After further testing at Roosshyevelt Field Long Island New York the fuselage of the NL-13 was sold to the United States Army Air Corps and underwent stress evaluation at Wright Field Dayton OhiO in june 1933 After slight modification to some of the stiff-

continued on page 37

Flying to me is all about having fun Its grass strips and old

friends and old airplanes The folks at AUA understand my kind

of flying and my kind of airplanes They provide great service

at very good rates and they know me as an individual not just

a policy number

- Darrell Jenkins

Dan-ell Jenkins Heber Springs AR

bull Private pilot single-engine land and sea

bull 500 hours total shy300 in taildraggers

bull Current aircraft 1948 Ercoupe 415-E

AUA is Vintage Aircraft Association approved To become a member of VAA call 800middot843middot3612

AUAs Exclusive fAA Vintage AircraftJUsociation Insurance Program

Lower liability and hull premiums - Medical payments induded - Fleet discounts for multiple aircraft carrying all risk coverages

continued from page 3

EAA Seeks to Preserve Access to Repair Station Services

EAA cautions that proposed aircraft repair station certification regulations could harm many small general aviashytion shops and adversely affect airshycraft owners seeking to maintain the airworthiness of their aircraft

The FAA estimates the cost for deshyveloping and implementing a new quality system called for by the proshyposed regulations at $34500 per reshypair station Many small operations cannot afford such an expense and it could force some to close their doors

We fear that these requirements would ultimately result in diminshyished availability of qualified and experienced maintenance expertise especially for the vintage fleet said Earl Lawrence EAA vice president of industry and regulatory affairs Airshycraft owners could be forced to use maintenance facilities with less speshycialized experience on their aircraft type making it more difficult to comshyplete major repairs and changes to small aircraft potentially impacting safety as well

EAA also questions the feasibility of requiring repair stations to mainshytain an approved capability list for each make series and model of airshycraft its permitted to work on Many small operators often inspect and maintain virtually hundreds of airshycraft types creating an administrashytive nightmare

EAA is willing to discuss how the FAA could best address its quality concerns while ensuring the ownshyers of small aircraft continue to have ready access to repair station services One suggestion EAA proposed is to exempt or lessen requirements for smaller shops with fewer than a given number of employees

EAAs full comments can be found at wwwEAAorgcommunications eaanewsRepa ir_Station_NPRM_Draftpdf The notice of proposed rulemaking is at httpDMSESDOTgovdocimages pdf99431749_webpdf 32 JUNE 2007

Young Eagle 13 Million Hails From New Mexico

Arlene Martinez in the right seat with volunteer Young Eagles pilot Paul Rachels

The EAA Young Eagles program the worlds most successful youth aviation initiative ever has registered the 13-millionth Young Eagle flown She is Arlene Martinez age 12 of Yuma Arizona who took her flight on March 17 at Somerton Airport (54AZ) in a Cessna 170 piloted by Paul Rachels EAA 633950 Rachels is president and Young Eagles coordinator for Yuma EAA Chapter 590

Arlene was very enthusiastic said Rachels who has flown 123 Young Eagles She definitely enjoyed the flight and would like to do it again He always gets a kick out of how kids react to their special flights Its as incredible an experience

for me as it is for them and I have 700 hours of flight time Steve Buss EAA Young Eagles executive director called it another important

milestone for the program which this year marks its 15th anniversary year-the birthday will be marked at AirVenture this year Its wonderful to recognize Paul and Arlenes flight but we also applaud the outstanding continuing support and enthusiasm for Young Eagles by our members We extend our congratulations to all who have helped the program reach this unprecedented level of participation

Nominations Due June 15 for EAA Young Eagles Awards Each year EAA honors several special volunteers at EAA AirVenture with the

annual Young Eagles awards and theres still time to nominate a deserving pershyson for 2007

Nominations for the following awards are being accepted through June 15

bull Chapter Coordinator bull Field Representative bull Ground Support Volunteer bull Young Eagles Humanitarian (presented for efforts to reach special needs

Young Eagles) bull Young Eagles Horizon Award (recognizing efforts to go beyond the basic

Young Eagles flight) Awards will be presented at a special ceremony held at EAA AirVenture Museshy

ums Eagle Hangar on Wednesday July 25 To download the official nomination form visit wwwYoungEaglesorgvolunteersaward_nominationpdf

BY BUCK HILBERT

The very beginning of airworthiness certificates pilot certificates

For many years Ive talked and writshy barnstormers and promote some ten about the beginnings of the Aero order and safety to their flying It had Club of America (ACA) now known one other side effect No record atshyas the National Aeronautic Associashy tempt or air show (or air meet as they tion (NAA) Ive explained how this were called back then) could be staged pioneer era appointed Orville Wright without the approval of the Aero as the chairman of the Contest amp Reshy Club which was affiliated with the cords Board and how a pilot registrashy international governing body the Feshytion program came into being deration Aeronautique Internationale

The World War I pilots returning (FAI) The contestant was required to home were barnstorming and othershy be a member of the Aero Club which wise doing their best to make a living then issued a certification to the pishyin aviation That led to attempts to lot Hence the FAlSporting License register and somehow civilize these old-timers would show was signed by

Certifying Aircraft and Pilots

AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATE IauecI to VIlICElll ASTOR Arw 23 W 26th Sl BYCit shy

m~ts CnltiUs that the Aircraft described below has been Inspected and found AiruIo~ for daylight llyin on AJIlI 0VEIl WUER OKLY

For the Fl)1nA Season of 1922 ~- ~-=l1=~== Cmlampato NJiI~_ _ -- UND ElV1UTEIS~OIlIS Iae

o o-_pmiIyenr3~J__I922 III _ - ~ t

_ _ Mri N=A1fefJ~mATE WAmR AmClWr _ _______ 1 - PQRIlrASRDWTCJN l T bull Y

N_- 01 AlOft to 5 M- 1-1 AJkwL c 9on MuwLOEBDIG AERO ElIGR C~IIoTNo 23-t SodoIH9~iF--__ 0- 30 pr 3 I~ _ 42 PT 6 U __ n 8 Pr _ 2700 4100 II UMIwI 1400 shy_ 130 M _Cd 20000 hlln_H_ 2S_ _ T LIBRRrY I I OBE __ US 32230 __ Do 5 000 - JfAJlJODS JULY 7 1922

Orville Wright It was a requirement of the federal government No federal requirement for a pilots certificate would come into being until the Air Commerce Act gave that authority and responsibility to the Department of Commerce on May 20 1926

In all of the information Ive read on the early days of the ACA later the NAA there was never any menshytion of aircraft standards or airworshythiness certificates I never quesshytioned it and as a matter of fact I never gave it a thought

Then along comes friend and Vinshytage member Mitch Wohl from Barrington Illinois and he drops two books on my desk The first one I picked up was titled A Symbol of Safety This book was first published in 1923 and tells all about the foundshying of the Underwriters Laboratories (UL) Reprinted in 1995 it goes into great detail as to the history of UL I found it very interesting

The second book published on the 100th anniversary of Underwritshyers Laboratories in 1994 amplifies a bit of the material that was pub-

This airworthiness certificate was issued by an Underwriters Laborashytories inspector Maj J W Jones who deemed the Loening Air Yacht of Vincent Astor to be in airworthy condishytion It is restricted to dayligbt flying and over water only Heres a photo of its sister ship from the 1922 Airshycraft Yearbook

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 3 3

Loening monoplane Flying Yacht 100 hp Liberty engine which made a world record for aHitude with three passengers and pilot 19500 feet

lished in the 1923 book Its entire theme is Making the World Safe for Technology What a revelation both regarding the organization s history in general and its involveshyment in aviation

The real beginnings were at the 1893 Worlds Fair at the Great White City in Chicago The Electricity Building had frequent visits by the fire brigade in response to the new alshyternating current electricity displays catching fire and causing problems It was then that William Henry Merrill began his testing lab which proved

electricity could be a servant rather than a master

Our only function is to serve not to profit We are doing someshything for manufacturers buyers and property owners everywhere We are doing things for humanity was a direct quote from Merrill This was the beginning of the lab The lab was funded by corporations that wanted their products tested as well as by the insurance underwriters themselves

From 1893 through 1905 the budshyget expanded from a mere $3000 to more than $300000 During that

The book goes into

great detail

as to physical

standards for

airmen There were

all sorts of tests

for altitude tolerance

fatigue and eyesight

and their standards

specify annual physicals

rAiLW~eeL5

srlINSON 15 JOCII~Y

34 JUNE 2007

time more than 7500 reports were published the lab moved to larger quarters it was chartered in Illinois and the landmark inspection and label service was established Within two years UL inspectors were at work in 67 citshyies UL got into everything electrical fire prevention fire extinguishers automobiles oil and gasses and transportashytion as well Thats where we come in airplanes

When the first commercial airplane takes off here in the USA in the 20s UL registers airplanes certifies pilots and issues the now rather quaint-sounding Rules of the Air

Im getting ahead of the full story but in a nutshell the National Aircraft Underwriters Association proposed and requested UL become the custodian of the official register of all aircraft pilots (other than government pilots) and take full charge of all details connected therewith

UL undertook this branch of the work on July I 1921 The book goes into great detail as to physical stanshy

dards for airmen There were all sorts of tests for altitude tolerance fatigue and eyesight and their standards specify annual physicals

No wonder the early birds were considered supermen The next step was to create a register of commercial and private aircraft On May I 1922 UL began a nationwide inspection service in order to make it possible to issue cershytificates of airworthiness for individual aircraft The details of the inspections and the people employed to conduct them is an early Whos Who in aviation The inspections were very stringent and as demanding for the aircraft as they were for the pilots

And that dear friends is the story of the first airworshythiness certificates They were all issued long before the Department of Commerce became involved and of course long before the creation of the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) and the Federal Aviation Administration

Little by little the freedoms of flight have been whittled down and the myriad of Federal Aviation Regulations we live with came about but here fellow pilots and aircraft owners was the very beginning and it was the insurance people who started it all I(

Over to you (( ~((~

~ Call to order your copies today

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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 35

BY HG FRAUTSCHY

THIS MONTHS MYSTERY PLANE PHOTO IS A BIT OF A MULLIGAN FOR THOSE OF YOU

WHO HAVE ENJOYED L1GHTPLANES FOR A NUMBER OF YEARS STILL NOT MUCH IS PUBLISHED ABOUT THIS RATHER ATTRACTIVE AMPHIBIAN

Send your answer to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box You can also send your response via e-mail Send 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Your answer needs your answer to mysteryplaneeaaorg Be sure to include to be in no later than July 15 for inclusion in the your name city and state in the body of your note and September 2007 issue of Vintage Airplane put I(Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line

MARCH S MYSTERY ANSWER

36 J UN E 2007

nology olph Dope

Heres a little about the March Mystery Plane

The subject Mystery Plane apshypears to be the Longren NL-13 sin 2 X12538 built in 1932 by Albin K Longren (1882-1950) in Kansas City Missouri Longren had been a design consultant for Butler Manushyfacturing Co during the certificashytion of the Butler Blackhawk and built the NL-13 in the Butler facility with help from Butler employees Butler had ceased production by that time in the depths of the Great Depression The NL-13 had an allshy

wing spars and the fabric wing covshyering The engine was a 120-hp Marshytin 333 inve rted inline with four cylinders The X12538 was the only NL-13 built and was not successful in reaching production although it was an ea rly example of formed alushyminum aircraft structures

My information comes from Aeroshyfilescom and from Chuck (Charles E) Lebrechts fine article entitled AK Longren - Pioneer Airman of the West published in American Aviation Historishycal Society Journal Vol26 No4 Winshyter 1981 pp258-270 Lebrechts article gives a great vjew of Longrens career as an aircraft designer and manufacturer

Jack Erickson State College Pennsylvania Other correct answers were reshy

ceived from WaIt House Wichshyita Kansas George Otto Snook Monroe Michigan John Miller Wamego Kansas Cam Bla ze r Leawood Kansas An extensive arshyticle on the airplane and AK Lonshygren written by Wesley Smith is also included in this issue of Vinshytage Airplane

metal airframe except for wooden 1---------------------------------shy

eners and bulkheads the NL-13 fuselage had a safety factor able to absorb 1683g

ahead of the center of gravity (CG) and 11g aft of the CG

This made the fuselage of the NL-13 considerably stronger than that of the Stearman YBT-3 Boeing P-26A Conshysolidated P-30 and Boeing P-12B with which it was compared the YBT-3 having a maximum g-Ioading potential of 109

both fore and aft of the CG While the reshyport recommended the possible adoption of Longrens construction techniques orshyders for the NL-13 were not forthcoming and no further examples were built

With the demise of Butler Longren went to work for himself using a porshytion of the former Butler factory at the Kansas City Municipal Airport In 1933-34 Longren did the initial metal work on the Luscombe Phantom and developed metal-working techniques with his partner Ivan Driggs Plans for opening another aircraft factory were put on hold when Cessn a reopened their Wichita Kansas facility in 1934 for production of the Cessna C-34 Cessna hired Longren as vjce-president a posishy

tion that he held until 1939 when he moved to Torrance California to open the Longren Aircraft Company

While Longren built no further airshycraft he became a successful subconshytractor of prefabricated components for other aircraft manufacturers After the end of World War II Longren sold his company and retired to a 3OOO-acre ranch at Adin Ca lifornia where he passed away due to a heart condition on Nov 19 1950 at age 68

The defini tive Longren article was written by Mr Charles E Lebrecht and was published in the Winter 1981 edishytion of the American Aviation Historical Society Journal (Volume 26 Number 4 pages 258-270) I am indebted to Mr Lebrechts excellent research for the inshyformation in this piece Further informashytion on AK Longren can be found in the pages of Aviation Quarterly (Mace Kenshyneth D Pioneer Airmen ofKansas Volshyume 5 Number 2 Second Quarter 1979 pages 152-163) Mr Maces article is also quite well-written and contains severshyal beautiful photos of Longrens aircraft as well as the 1908 Call Mayfly

VINTAGE A I RPLANE 37

The fo llowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter of information only and does not constishytute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed To submit an event send the information via mail to Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Or e-mail the information to vintageaircrafteaaorg Information should be received four months prior to the event date

JUNE S-IO-Union IL-Poplar Grove Airport Army Wings and Wheels Info Vintage Wings amp Wheels Museum 815-547middot3115 Tom Murray hiwheelsbcglobalnet

JUNE 14-17-St Louis MO-Dauster Flying Field Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) American Waco Club Flymiddotln Info Phil Coulson 269shy624-6490 or rcoulson516cscom www americanwacoclubcom

JUNE 20-2l--Lock Haven PA-William T Piper Memorial Airport (LHV) Sentimental Journey Fly-In Family oriented fly-in featuring antique and classic aircraft of all makes and models especially PIPERS Seminars vendors food camping and entertainment daily Come for the day or the week Call 570-893-4200 or 748shy5123 for more information j3cubkcnet org wwwsentimentaljourneyfly-incom

JUNE 21-24-Mt Vernon Ohio-Wynkoop Airport (6G4) 48th Annual National Waco Club Reunion Check www nationalwacoclubcom for more information and contact information Or email call Andy Heins 937 313 5931 wacoasoaolcom

JUNE 22-24-Gardner KA-Gardner Municipal Airport (K34) Greater KC VAA Chapter 16 Fly-in Contact Kevin Pratt 816-985-3248

JUNE 23-Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

JUNE 30-Chetek WI-The Chetek WI (Y23) 9AM car show craft fair and show a professional horse pull and a water ski show Plenty of food and drink available throughout the day For more info contact Chuck Harrison 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet or Tim Knutson 715-237shy2477 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

JUNE 31-Russellville KY- Russellville-Logan County Airport (4M7) 9th Annual All You Can Eat BarBQ Lunch 1100am - 200pm Rain Date July 5th Aircraft displays skydiving door prizes Everyone welcome For more information eaal165yahoo com wwwangelfirecom ky3 eaal165 Joe Lawrence 270-726-1558

JULY 4-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-llam For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

JULY 6-8--All iance Oh (2Dl)-Taylorcraft and Ohio Aeronca Aviators Fly-In See the airplanes built in Alliance OH amp Middletown

38 JU N E 2007

OH and the people that built them Camping motels food all day fbarberalliancelinkcom 330823-1168 bwmatzllacyahoocom 216 337-5643 httpwwwoaafy-incom see wwwbarberaircraftcom for airport diagrams Breakfast served Sat amp Sun 7AM to 11AM by EM Chapter 82

JULY 14-Zanesville OH-Parr Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

AUGUST 5-Queen City MO-Applegate Airport (15MO) 20th Annual Watermelon Fly-In amp BBQ 2pm til dark Come and see grass roots aviation at its best Info 660-766-2644

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AUGUST 17-19--McMinnville OR-25th Annual West Coast Travel Air Reunion Come Celebrate the Rebirth of the Travel Air Expected to be the largest gathering of Vintage Travel Airs in recent times Held in conjunction with the Northwest Antique Airplane Club Event Info Bruce McElhoe 559-638-3746

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SEPTEMBER I -Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $2 50 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer Phone (740) 454-7487

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~oNO~Y )JY 13

presented by Ecpse ~1aton n 8lt ford otor col1pa y

Page 15: PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATIONmembers.eaavintage.org/wp...Vol-35-No-6-June-2007.pdf · PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION . ... Flightline Safety Committee and their

The board room group disshycussing aircraft business Left to right Harold Bliss BD Thomas GeorgeAbel Jerome Freed Mr Morris W T Thomas Raymond Ware BD Thomas was no relation to WT Thomas

Employees of the Thomas Brothers Aeroplane Co Ithaca New York Brindley Street plant

H might be Frank Burn-side standing beside the large trainer at the Thomas School of Aviation near Hhaca New York Note that the ailerons were emshyployed up top wing only Exshyhaust stacks rose from the top of the engine and were attached to pipe which wrapped around both sides of the fuselage WT Thomas flying school was the first Board of Regents Chartered Aviation School in New York State This plane was possishybly a Model 02

14 JUNE 2007

Side profile of an assemshybled Thomas Aero Motor The hand crank was preshy

ferred to swinging the prop on a geared ltwo-to-one)

engine Note the individual cylinder primers beside

spark plugs

tion of two nose skids and the 90-hp Austro-Daimler engine It had a top speed of 83 mph and could climb 3800 feet in 10 minutes carrying a lOOO-pound load The performance of this machine added to the prestige of the companys having hired a new deshySigner and resulted in an order from the British Adshymiralty for 24 Model T-2 airplanes its first sizable order

Wit h two pre v i 0 u s One of 15 Model SH-4 hydroplanes built by Thomas-Morse for the US Navy in about 1916 It moves from Hornell New York and Bath New York

was powered with a 149-hp Sturtevant engine

the brothers looked for a new locashy signed and built a 135-hp geared commissioned in the Royal Flying tion in which to expand Ithaca New engine with the help of designers Corps This brought a number of pishyYork at the southern end of Cayuga GeorgeAbel and Harold Bliss also two lots to the shores of Cayuga Lake as Lake was a natural choice with flat of the founders of this new division World War I gained intensity fields for takeoff and landing and a In 1915 two seaplanes designated The expansion and all of the activishy40-mile-long lake constituting an SH-4 and SH-5 were built for the ties had put considerable financial strain ideal seaplane or flying boat test area Navy and the D-5 tractor plane was on the Thomas companies A refinancshyThis coupled with the cold-weather developed for the Signal Corps Furshy ing was accomplished by merging the ability to fly from the ice resulted in ther development in 1916 resulted in airplane and engine division with the an ideal location production of the SH-4 seaplane and flying school then merging with the

Shortly after the move to Ithaca IS were built for the US Navy Morse Chain Co of Ithaca New York BD Thomas designed a new model With the prestige of not only an Thus the final name that is so wellshytheD-2 tractor biplane This was the airplane company but also a moshy known Thomas-Morse Aircraft Corp first use of the new Thomas entershy tor company and a flying school was born January 31 1917 in time to prise which was to build its own enshy The Thomas School of Aviation was build the famous World War I fighters gines This auxiliary company called picked by the Canadian government To be concluded in next months The Thomas Air Motor Co had de- for pilots who would train to become issue of Vintage Airplane

V I N T AGE AI RPLA NE 15

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bull SIAIWel uO~lnod all~

There seems to be two distinctly different types of people in the world of little airplanes those who love and adore the Aeronca Chief and those who wouldnt know an Aeronca Chief if they found it floating in their coffee Its not a question of liking it or disliking it because its one of those airplanes that has such a low recognition factor that a relatively

small percentage of the pilot popushylation even knows it exists In some ways thats a good thing because it has helped keep the prices down for those who want a Chief of their own One of those is Danny Poulton of Belshyton South Carolina

The Poultons Chief is not your avshyerage Chief Were all used to seeing the 11AC (65 hp) or the 11CC (85 hp)

-the postwar Super Chief-but theirs is an lIBe Were not sure it ever carshyried a name but maybe we should call it the Not-Quite-Super-Chief It came out of the factory in 1947 with a C8S-8 which meant no provisions for a starter Not a normal one anyway It had a McDowell starter which was a combination of ratcheted sprockets and a lever that worked very much like the pull starter on a lawn mower with the cable going back to a hanshydle in the cockpit By the time Danny bought the airplane as a project in Michigan the starter had long since disappeared In fact everything fireshywall-forward had disappeared But were getting ahead of ourselves

Danny had owned a number of airplanes in the past and in fact had learned to fly while he was still in high school

We had aviation on my moms side of the family he says My unshycle was an airframe and powerplant mechanic (AampP) and a fUll -time corshyporate pilot and he encouraged me

He progressed through a number of airplanes most of them some varishyation of the Piper PA-28 line includshying an Arrow although a 63 C-l72 did follow him home one day

I met Donna and aviation beshycame part of our life he says In fact we were married in a 421 Cessna at five thousand feet over Anderson South Carolina

Danny didnt get into vintage airshyplanes until four years ago with the Chief It was a form of therapy because he was on a crusade to lose weight

I had let myself balloon up to 460 pounds and if I was going to live I had to lose the weight I had two sons Dale and JD and a wonderful wife and I didnt want to lose all of that just beshycause I was overweight So I started looking for an airplane to rebuild as a way to keep myself busy We live on an airpark and we had a great guy Gene Richburg living just down the runshyway from us He was 82 years old at the time and knew everything there was to know about rebuilding airplanes and he volunteered to help me

So Danny launched on two projshyects at the same time both of them

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 17

Danny Poulton holds open the top cowl to reveal the Continental C-SS installation It appears Danny has decided not to trust his Chief mechanical fuel gauges which are known to be troublesome and is using an old standby the wire and cork float gauge so common prior to World War II

In keeping with the restrained nature of Dannys customized Chief a few nice touches such as the upholstered side panels and polished control wheel caps brighten up the otherwise original-looking cabin Look closely and you can see the toe brake pedals on the pilots side of the cockpit Those pedals are seen only on the UBC UCC and lSAC Sedan

The tubular structure of the landing gear is covered with an aluminum fairshying leading to a nicely finished pair of replica fiberglass wheelpants The small cable attached to the trailing edge of the landing gear is a safety cable It was originally installed in case of a failshyure of the originally installed phenolic piston within the oleo strut Later after an airworthiness directive (47-20-02) and Aeronca Service Helps and Hints No 12 required changing the phenoshylic part to one made of aluminum the need for the cable was negated but most owners keep it just in case

monumental The first was to lose weight and the second to find a projshyect that fit his goals and skill levels

I didnt look long and actually found the Chief on eBay It belonged to an AampP in Michigan who had started to rebuild it and then decided to put it up for sale I hadnt done anything like this before so I was reshyally not sure of what I was doing but I hooked up my trailer and headed up to Michigan to buy the Chief That was in July of 2003

What he saw when he got to Michshyigan was enough to encourage him so he loaded it up and brought it back to South Carolina As is always the case however he wouldnt really know what he had until he did a thorshyough inventory back home

The large dorsal fin on the llBC Chief (also used on the UCC) makes identifishycation of the higher-horsepower Chiefs a bit easier

18 JUNE 2007

When we unloaded at home Gene came over and we spread the entire collecshytion of stuff out to see what was missing and what kind of work was going to be needed In general the airshyframe was actually in great shape because the AampP

had already started workshying on it and had finished the major compon ents The wings were more or less complete and fini shed

and the work was beautiful About all th ey needed were the leading edges and to be covered

The fuselag e tubing had been cleaned and painted and most of the fuselage wood was usable too Part of the airplanes condition is probshyably because it had only 400 hours on it and had spent most of its life stored inside somewhere We dont have much of the airplane s history but you could see by looking at the wood and steel that it hadnt been left outside to rot like so many Chiefs have been

When we were done inventorying it we found a lot of missing or unusshyable stuff that I hadn t noticed when picking it up It had no tail wheel or wing struts and the doors were not only the wrong doors but were badly crushed There were no control yokes and all of the logos were missing Same thing for all of the interior upshyholstery boards Plus there was esshysentially nothing firewall-forward I

Its still easy for most of those who h ave restored airplanes to rememshyber what it was like in the days beshyfore computers The dozens of trips to fly-markets the phone calls and the constant surveillance of Trade-ashyPlane were not only aggravating but added a huge amount of time to finshyishing the project Danny came into the Vintage world PC post computer so he was able to take full advantage of cyber searching for parts

Besides buying the airplane on eBay that service proved to be a tershyrific source for some of the rarer parts I needed Among other things thats

Whats in a Model Number By HG Frautschy

The differences between the llBC Chief and the llCC Super Chief are tough to spot but in todays sport pilot market one distinction can spell the

difference between flying one and just owning one

Both airplanes are powered by the Continental C85-8 and both came equipped with the rather clever McDowell starter The McDowell was vilified by

some as being a cheap substitute for an electrical starter but having had one

for years on my Super Chief Id have to say it s one of the neatest inventions

added to the postwar lightplane If treated with respect and used in the way the manufacturer intended it worked perfectly It did have one design weakness

that could have been easily solved but it didnt last long enough on the market to make it that far

The McDowell was activated using a cable with a ball swaged on the end

Because of the way the ball and cable were retained in the starters pulley

sheave the cable would fray and then break just below the ball or an overly

enthusiastic pull on the starter cable would pull the ball right off the end If Mcshy

Dowell had used a small fitting inside the sheeve to allow for a straight pull on

the cable (and if the cable had a ball and shank swaged fitting) Im convinced the McDowell would have been much more popular

It allowed for a lightweight starter to be installed on an airplane intended to be flown by casual travelers who were interested in ease of use and safety

It allowed my wife and her instructor both petite women to independently fly

the airplane without requiring a flip of the prop by someone else As long as

the engine was in good tune and one could reasonably expect the airplane to start when the impulse magneto fired the McDowell was a great way to pul l

the prop through safely

The 11BC and 11CC interiors were similar with a slight edge going to the

llCC for a few interior appointments added to enhance the automobile-like

feel to the cockpit Hap Granier the designer of the interior of all three postwar Aeroncas worked his magic on the Chiefs to give them a small sedan or coupe

feeling Bedford whipcord upholstery and side panels the zebrawood pattern wood-gra in-printed instrument panel and control wheels instead of control

sticks all contributed to that atmosphere

Both the 11CC and 11BC featured a large dorsal fin but the 11CC had a

different elevator stabilizer configuration That fact is sometimes lost on reshy

storers and aircraft modifiers who incorrectly (and illegally) put the earlier

11AC or llBC stab elevator combination on an llCC The 11CC has an aeroshy

dynamically balanced elevator designed to meet the hands-off gliding speed requirements of the then-new CAR 03 regulations Aeronca also had the llCC

certified in the Utility category as well as the Normal category with maximum gross weights of 1 290 and 1 350 pounds respectively That right there is a major difference in the airplanes as they are viewed in the market today The 11BC with a maximum gross weight of 1250 pounds is sport pilot eligible

while the llCC by virtue of its 1350 weight is not Interestingly a few llCC additions made it into the llBC as well Both

Chiefs as well as the four-place Aeronca Sedan shared the same rudder brake pedals with toe brakes instead of the heel brakes seen on the Champ Both feature flight characteristics similar to the Champ with the Chiefs having

the edge when it comes to cross-country flights With a 70-pound baggage alshylowance and up to 23 gallons of fuel on board the Chief is a great traveling machine if you re not in a hurry But when you re flying something as pretty as

a Chief whos in a big hurry

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 1 9

BONNIE KRATZ

He Danny Poultons Aeronca Chief features a custom color scheme that is reminiscent of the original decoration composed by Hap Granier for Aeroncas4012E side-by-side personal airplane

where I~gOt~t~h~e~iiiiiiiiiiibullbullbullbull con- trol yoke covers with the Aeronca logos the ashshytrays the bezels and the air box for the cabin heat I even found the pishytot tube and hand brake on eBay If I would have had to physically search for all of that stuff Id probably still be looking

Wag-Aero came to the rescue in supplying the struts and wing leadshying edges

III was able to use most of the origishynal boot cowl but the original noseshybowl was really bad and was cut for the McDowell starter so I used an STCd fiberglass replacement If I find a good original I may change that

11Th is airplane came out of the facshytory with toe brakes which were with the airplane and I stayed with the mechanical brakes and just installed new pads You dont really need

20 JUNE 2007

brakes on the airshyplane for anything so they work just fine

Danny was planning on flying the airplane a lot and added a venturi so he could run an artificial horizon and added air vent holes

When we were doing the inteshyrior there was no kit available for the headliner so a neighbor Phyllis Dalshyton sewed one up using the original material found on Chiefs That was really tedious Then I made the side panels and covered them with Airtex fabric and had to fabricate a new bagshygage door and make the boards for the seats

The panel had already been cleaned so the wood grain was gone but I decided not to try to put it on I did however make two metal glove

compartments for it The sliding windows were

original to the airplane but the polished prop isnt I just thought it looked betshyter polished

When the airframe was done and ready to be covered Danny went with Poly-Fiber and shot it with Aeroshythane but not in the original colshyors or scheme

IIAirtex had some sample seat covers for the airplane that were inexpensive so I bought them and had the paint mixed to go with the seat covers Also the paint stripes arent original They

mimic the factory scheme but arent exact I should also mention that I had some help with the fabric from Larry and Phyllis Dalton who helped cover the airplane This was my first time and they made it easy

Since Danny had no engine he was starting from scratch in that area The original was a C8S-8 but with his papaerwork he found a Supplemental Type Certificate (STC) that opened interesting new avenues

There was part of an STC in our paperwork that would let me install a -12 engine and that would allow me to have an electric starter which I reshyally wanted The problem was that the STC wasnt complete Plus the -8 mount is

than the shy12 so its not

a plug-andshyplay

change and I

expected some problems

getting the papershywork straightened out

I called the Atshylanta Flight Stanshydards District Office and really

lucked out The Coshylumbia Federal Aviashy

tion Agency (FAA) field examiner came out looked the airplane over and said hed be happy to clean up the paperwork and submit it to Atlanta for me What I thought was going to be a problem turned out to be quite easy

Unfortunately Danny found out that things dont always go easy when restoring an airplane and his headaches came in the form of his first engine

I had two sons

Dale and lD

and a wonderful

wife and 1 didnt

want to lose all of

that just because

1 was overweight

So 1 started

looking for an

airplane to rebuild

as a way to keep

myself busy

I bought a C8S-12 that had been overhauled I had flown it for about 22 hours when one cylinder lost a lot of compression so we pulled the jug When we got inside we found that the rod was just banging around in there and was loose on the crank When we split the case we found the crank was badly scored and a lot of metal had gone through the engine so I had to find another one

The second engine was freshly overhauled by an FAA-certified shop

in 2000 after a prop strike The guy I bought it from was building a homebuilt and

was afraid that the engine was going to sit too long before his

project was completed so he sold it Everything checked out to be perfect and it has been humming along with no problems since day one

We flew the airplane for the first time July I 2006 and I had a local pilot Gary Dalton do the test hop I dont mind telling you that I was nershyvous watching it When I flew it for the first time I had only 10 hours of tailshywheel time Id logged while getting my tail wheel endorsement I was a little nervous then too but everything went beautifully When we flew it it was alshymost exactly three years to the day that we unloaded it from the trailer

When I started I guess I became a little compulsive about working on it Id eat in the hangar work until 10 or 11 every night and sometimes Id wake up in the middle of the night and go out and work on it When Id get home from church on Sunday Id change clothes and go out and get something done Im glad I did it that way because it really helped me with the other problem

In the process of restoring his Chief Danny met several goals The first was finishing and flying his own Chief but the second and more imshyportant was taking control of his life From the time he started the Chief to the time he flew it he lost 230 pounds and added no telling how many years to his life Most people have difficulty committing to just finishing an airshyplane so Danny is to be congratushylated for two jobs well done ~

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 21

~The Bmiddot thof

Creating a classic design BY CHESTER L PEEK PHD

Could you in three months time design and build a new light plane without tools or factory and with very little money Impossible you say But that is just what eG Tayshylor did in the spring of 1936 when he introduced the legendary Taylorshycraft to the aviation world Heres the story

In the last week of December 1935 eG Taylor was confined to his bed ill and completely discourshy

aged Days before he and Bill Piper Hangar at Butler Pennsylvania 1936 Still in use today had signed a legal document that dissolved their troubled partnership For Taylors share of the Taylor Cub company (which was in debt more than $90000) he received approximately $5000 to be paid out in small installments over three years

Byron Shinn knew Taylor well both as a customer and friend In a 1991 letter he describes Taylors situashytion and subsequent events

Back in the 1930s we had a small manufacturing comshypany located in one of the hangars on the Butler Pennsylvashynia airport called The Shinn Devices Company We made aluminum wheels for aircraft 4 bead diameter 700X4 tire and at that time sold them to most of the light aircraft manshyufacturers including the Taylor and Piper organization in Bradford Pennsylvania We had a quite complete machine shop and engineering design business I remember how Taylorcraft got started One very cold winter day probably in December 1935 I drove up to see Taylor in Bradford The roads were terrible ice coated and I almost had several acshycidents When I got there I found Taylor sick in bed and in a very discouraged frame of mind He had just been kicked out of his company by Piper and had little or no money or employment I told him with his abilities as an aircraft deshysigner and builder that he should certainly try to get back in the business and offered to help if I could

I went back to Butler and contacted D Bar Peat who was a promoter a very nice fellow who was running the Butler

Ken SchoHer about 1980 airport I asked if he could raise some money to start Tayshy22 JUNE 2007

TAYLORCRAFT BY C 6 TAYLOR PlmBUR6H-BUTLER AIRPORT BunER PA

STABLE FAST A NEW LIGHT PLANE ECONOMICAL LOWPRICED

First Taylorcraft ad February 1936 Aero Digest

First Taylorcraft specifications Photo is of a model

during the

Depression

you NEVER

left a job

Yet these men

deeply loyal

to Taylor

came with him

to this chancy

new venture Byron Shinn about 1936

TAYLORCRAFT Model A

ATe pendingB_ Span 36 (11 m) Length 22 (67 m) Heicht 6 8 (21 m) Wm area 169 fLgt (156 ml) Power Ioodiaa 2IS IbsJhp (118 kcJho) WioJ Ioadma 58 1bbullJIt (293 kcl) Weicht empty 570 Ibs (259 kg) U falload 420 Ibs (190 kc) Payload 181 lbo (82 kcl Gr weiht m lbo (449kcr Bant I Ibs (5 kg) Fuel 10 gals

~L~~L11t1iLk hp

~~~gtam~~hm~~49 kph) l~ mph (51h ) Semlte laquoiliaC 101000 ft (4260 m) imb per min 400 It (122 tn) Cruig rang 210 mi (371 1aD) ~ F welded eel tubg four JODIeIODS of proareqjve diameters wood faired and fabric conrcd removable maine mouat j streued fot SO hp installamiddot tion Wg two paDdJ bolted to fuselafefabric _ ~ oectioo With eJlipticalJy rOUDded tips JOlid apruce JPlrs

Zplace ATC

metal ribs fabricated from drawn NicraJ secshytions sinclc drag wire bracinc built-up metal frame ailerons fabric COYered and of the balanced type with DO exposed horns

=r~~brTc ~~ai~~~wd~ removable fin elentor and stabiliurs inshyterlthanaeable right or IefL Landing rear =evbsor~ closed~~~es color ocJlulosc finish with trim Two-place flex-wine seat 39 inches ide--by-lide cabin fabric lined and fire-wall sound proofed all control cables and fittinp in the cabin are fully enclosed Baggag compartment 6- X 9- X w- back of seaL

~~6oo-~~bS~ wbeds DuPont Pluticell 1rindJhield rulr her mounted illltrument pampDe1 ~ Aeromarinc altimeter U S 011

~~itfra~~ pass or other instnunmts extra

Carlson and Harold White who were engineers Ken Tibbits and Les Salshychow Parks College graduates along with mechanics Colby Carpenter and William Crawford All these men had good secure jobs with Piper and durshying the Depression you NEVER left a job Yet these men deeply loyal to Taylor came with him to this chancy new venture All would eventually rise to responsible executive posishytions with Taylorcraft

Ken Scholter a local mechanic was hired as a welder Contemposhyrary reports credit him with most of the welding on the new plane Forshytunately he was also an amateur photographer and documented the building process on film He furshynished most of the photos shown in this article

Shinn resumes I When Taylor came to Butler he had very little money we all had very little money at that time I believe he got a small settlement from Piper for his share of the Cub company This was in the depths of the Depresshysion We doled the money out a few dolshylars at a time and started to build the first plane We used our machine shop to make the draw bench to make the rib parts and to make most of the parts jigs and dies that required machining

An engineering department was set up I hired a draftsman when Ray Carlshyson moved down from Bradford Tayshylor and the mechanics would make the parts and then the draftsman would

lor up again in the airplane business He along with Col make the drawings We designed a new wheel for the plane Breckenridge and some others did raise a little money about lightweight and very strong being constructed of an alumishy$1000 as I recall enough to include the building of the jigs num stamping fastened to a cast aluminum end rim Tayshyand fixtures and the first plane We moved Taylor and his lor and I also developed the new tapered axle which was family to Butler rented him a house and started work in a lighter and less costly A new Goodrich tire size 600 x 6 vacant hangar on the Butler airport SeveraL of Taylors men was used from Bradford came with him II The plane was designed and built during the first four

Actually six key Bradford employees left Piper and to five months of 1936 This must have been some sort of joined Taylor in the new enterprise They were Ray record When the plane was finished the test pilot Tibbits

VINTA GE A IR PLANE 23

One day we came to work

to find trucks backed up

to the hangar and Taylor

hauling away all the

Taylorcraft parts Batch of Shinn 800 x 4 wheelsjigs and fixtures

started the test flights First he taxied the plane up and down the runway then flew it the length of the runway just off the ground then made flights a bit higher and finally made circuits The plane flew very well but would not stall The CAA required proper recovery from a stall so Taylor worked on the horizontal tail surfaces so that a stall could be induced and the plane passed the CAA tests

Taylor was a design genius The CAA had just released a new-design wing curve and Taylor was the first I

ffi believe to use it The wing curve was ~ ~ faster and had a soft stall ~ This was the NACA 23012 airfoil z ~ Taylor once told the author that in

Fuselage structure 1935 he built a set of wings for the Cub using that airfoil but Piper veshytoed the change They were hanging on a wall when the Bradford factory burned in 1937

Shinn says I started an advertising campaign beginning with a very small ad in Aero Digest saying IISomething new is coming in Aviation The next ads told a little more People were very enthusiastic about the new plane It was much advanced over the Cub beshying faster with side-by-side seating and wheel controls Before long we had reshyceived down payments from over 50 customers $200 each as I recall This

ffi was due to correspondence with old ~ ~ Taylor Cub dealers and the Aero Dishy~ z gest ad In a 1992 interview Bob UJ

Taylor eGs son confirmed thisWing details He remembered his father waking

24 JUNE 2007

First A-40 run-up May 1936

him up one night in Butler and showing him $10000 in down payments

The first ad appeared in the February issue of Aero Digest and is shown on this page A later ad showed a photo of the plane but since no plane had been comshypleted at that time it was actually a snapshot of a model CG Taylor built on his kitchen table First the new trademark Taylorcraft was used but when Beechcraft threatened legal action claiming Taylorcraft sounded too much like Beechcraft the ads were changed to read Airplanes by GG Taylor However they resumed us-

CG Taylor and a Model ATaylorcraft 1936

ing the Taylorcraft name after sevshyeral months

Shinn continues D Bar Peat was always trying to promote the plane On Sundays they would put on an air show at the Butler airport and 200 to 300 people would atshytend Som e way he got the Taylorshycraft to lead the way when all the planes taxied by the grandstand at the Cleveland Air Races

Meanwhile in the hangar facshytory the prototype plane was beshying rushed to completion but not fast enough to suit Taylor He

once told the author I was away ~ from the plant for three days havshyo ~ ing given instructions to complete sect the engine mount When I returned

it was not done I hung the engine in the right place with a chain hoist we

cut the tubing to (it and it was done in an hour On May 1 the Continental A-40 engine SIN 635

was run up for the first time then on May 8 Taylor signed an application for an experimental certificate Only eight days later on Saturday May 16 CAA inshyspector RA Young witnessed the test flight and issued certificate X-16393 to the first Taylorcraft SIN 25 Apshyproximately three months had elapsed from the time construction was started until the new plane was airshyborne A remarkable achievement

It was a beautiful plane sleek and streamlined a far VINTAGE AIRPLANE 25

Test flight of the first Taylorcraft May 1936

1 rryen~~A1~~~ )~ ~- shyITS A - -=- (=- = --- I FAF

BEAUTY 51495middot00-----shy~GRACEFULLY CONTINENTAL

STREAMLINED - - _ MOTOR

C G TAYL O R bull PlttsburqhmiddotBuUer Airport bull Bu tler Penna

April 1936 ad in Aero Digest

cry from Taylors boxy square-cornered E-2 Cub With side-by-side seating and wheel controls it rivaled much larger more expensive planes such as the Waco and Stinson Weight had been kept to a minimum the proshytotype weighed only 570 pounds It was much faster than the Cub The first prospective customers who flew the plane verified the advertised cruising speed of 80 mph In a race with two locals an Aeronca C-3 and a Kinner Fleet the Taylorcraft won easily

The investors at Butler were elated With nearly 100 orders and down payments received for their new plane they envisioned a rapid production buildup and the prospects of a thriving profitable enterprise Their faith however had been misplaced

Shinn continues But unknown to D Bar Peat and me Taylor had been talking to others about financing and a place to manufacture the plane One day we came to work to find trucks backed up to the hangar and Taylor haulshying away all the Taylorcraft parts jigs and fixtures They moved to Alliance Ohio where they got one years free rent on a large old airplane factory financing and tax breaks D Bar Peat and I retained a lawyer to try to get back our inshyvestment eventually getting back some shares ofTaylorcraft 26 JUNE 2007

stock instead of money And Piper quit buying my wheels and switched to Hayes

Happily Taylor and Shinn soon put their legal difshyferences behind them and remained good friends and business associates for many years

Shinn was not alone in his disappointment when the unexpected move came Scholter was out of a job In 1992 he made this comment They left Butler owing me almost a months pay which I never got But they did give me a very nice letter of recommendation

The Alliance Review newspaper proudly announced the arrival of the new aircraft enterprise in its July 9 1936 edition But that is a story for another day

Authors note When researching my book The Taylorcraft Story in

1992 I was privileged to personally interview four prishymary information sources regarding the Butler Pennshysylvania events eG Taylor Bob Taylor Ken Scholter and Byron Shinn The history above was taken from those interviews and contemporary newspaper articles

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LIN COL N MERCURY

EXTRA The Butler Manufacturing Co NL-I3 biplane

The March 2007 Mystery Plane is the 1932 Butler Manufacturing Co NL-13 biplane designed by Albin Kasper Longren (sometimes simply reshyferred to as the Longren NL-13)

AK Longren had a very long and interesting aviation career Born in a log cabin near Clay Center Kansas in 1882 he was the one of 14 children born to Swedish immigrant homeshystead farmers Charles and Emma Lonshygren In 1901 he took a business course from the International Corresponshydence School (ICS) which he followed up with an ICS diploma in mechanical engineering from 1907-1911

Longrens interest in aviation beshygan with his observations of Henry L Call in 1908 Call originally a New York lawyer author and socialist had moved to Girard Kansas in February of 1908 in order to construct a large and ungainly flying machine powered by two 20-hp Curtiss B-4 engines Known as the Mayfly and The Chicken (among other colorful names) the airshycraft failed to fly despite modification Call enjoyed the support of the nashytional socialist newspaper An Appeal to Reason and constructed several aircraft under the aegis of The Aerial Navigashytion Company of America starting in 1908 before the company changed its name

Beginning in 1911 Call manushyfactured two-cylinder and fourshycylinder horizontally opposed air-cooled engines which h e marshyketed to would-be aviators through

28 JUNE 2007

BY WESLEY SMITH

advertisements (primarily in Aircraft and Fly magazines published by Alshyfred W Lawson of 1920 Lawson Airshyliner fame) The two-cylinder Call was rated at 45 hp and the four-cylshyinder engine was rated at 90 hp Call engines were among the first aircraft engine to be fitted with mufflers an individual muffler being attached to the exhaust port of each cylinder

With his brother EJ Longren and a mechanic named William Janeke Longren constructed a Curtiss-type pusher biplane in Topeka Kansas Beshygun in the summer of 1910 the Toshypeka I was not completed until the fall of 1911 Fitted with a 60-hp Hall-Scott A-2 a water-cooled V-8 the Topeka I became the first successful aircraft to be completed in the state of Kansas Longren made his first flight on Sepshytember 2 and on September 5 1911 he made two flights the first flight reaching about 225 feet in altitude and covering 15 miles and the secshyond reaching about 300 feet and covshyering six miles

Of course Longren was only one of numerous individuals who built Curtiss-type pushers Plans for early Herring-Curtiss machines were pubshylished in Aeronautics and other aviashytion periodicals as well as in books With some individual alterations many such aircraft were built in the United States prior to Americas entry into World War 1

At any rate Longren soon went into the exhibition business with

H Young renaming the Topeka I as the Dixie Flyer The words Dixie Flyer - AK Longren - Aviator were painted on the underside of the Topeka IDishyxie Flyers monoplane canard Between 1911 and 1914 Longren gave 1372 exhibition flights in Kansas Texas Oklahoma Nebraska and Colorado for the Young Aviation Co

In 1912 Longren built a second Curshytiss-type with a Hall-Scott A-2 This airshycraft incorporated the improvements Curtiss had made to his newer aircraft during 1911-1912 and in due course the mid-gap ailerons were moved to the trailing edges of the upper wing This aircraft was sold to Longrens forshymer student and friend Phil Billard who used it to give exhibition flights This aircraft sometimes known as the Topeka II was presented to the Kansas State Historical Society in 1938 where it still exists as a display

In the spring of 1914 Longren took time to marry Ms Dolly Trent Later that winter (1914-1915) Longren built his first entirely original aircraft design - a two-place tractor biplane again seshylecting the reliable Hall-Scott as the powerplant During an exhibition at the Dickson County Fair at Abilene on September 9 1915 the aircraft stalled on takeoff and was destroyed hitting an automobile that was leaving the fairshygrounds Longrens passenger was relashytively unscathed but Longren suffered a broken leg and several internal injuries

While recovering from his injushyries in early 1916 Longren with Phil

Billard began the construction of his fourth aircraft the Model G The Model G was a clean two-place tractor biplane with a strong resemblance to a Curtiss IN-4 In fact it was powered by a Curtiss OX-2 and was intended for sale to the warring European powers However only two were sold one to the Kansas National Guard the other being used for exhibition flights

Late in the year Longren built a small tractor biplane sometimes reshyferred to as the Longren Bus The conshystruction featured a three-ply wooden monocoque fuselage and was built for William Burt of Okmulgee Oklahoma A second machine was constructed for Lester Miller of Dallas Texas who inshytended to use the aircraft for aerobatic exhibitions By late 1917 Longren had moved on to another two-place design known as the Model H As in the case of the earlier Longren Bus the Model H used a wooden monocoque fuselage The Model H was powered by a Curshytiss 90-hp OX-5 engine unfortunately while on his way to Kansas City Misshysouri Longren suffered an engine failshyure near Wakarusa Kansas The aircraft was destroyed in a crash which proved fatal to a cow standing in the field in which Longren was forced down He was made to pay $10000 in restitution to the angry farmer After that interest in the Model H faded away

Late in 1917 Longren became involved with Frederick W Buck MD ME and applied for a posishytion as chief engineer with the Buck Aircraft and Munitions Co of Denshyver To what extent Longren became involved with Dr Buck is unknown Buck (a long with Elmer Sperry and later Charles F Kettering at DaytonshyWright) had plans to develop and sell an aerial torpedo - essentially a small 50-hp biplane cruise misshysile which was intended to fly on a preprogrammed course then shed its wings at the proper time and place depositing a bomb contained within the crude fuselage framework

Longrens career took another path after his debacle with the Model H After failing to establish a new airshycraft company in Overland Park Kansas Longren eventually took a

position at McCook Field as an airshycraft inspector The Great War had cost Longrens friend Phil Billard his life when he was killed in a flying accident while serving in Issoudun France Longrens position at McshyCook had allowed him the opportushynity to examine every domestic and foreign-built aircraft tested there unshytil the time of his departure in 1919 On June 17 1919 Longren formed the Longren Aircraft Corp in Topeka Kansas using a former woolen mill in the Oakland suburb as the site for the new corporation The first aircraft to come out of the plant was the rebuilt Model H now resurrected as the H-2 It is unclear as to how the H-2 differed from the earlier Model H but by midshy1920 Longren had gone in yet another direction with the construction of the two-place Model D-2 - a small aircraft powered by a three-cylinder Y conshyfiguration Lawrence Model B engine of 35-60 hp Within a year the D-2 had evolved to become the Longren Model AK Sport

Described in the pages of Aviashy

tion and Aerial Age Weekly (Volume 11 Number 12 Sept 291921 pages 336-337 and Volume 14 Numshyber 3 Sept 26 1921 pages 55-56 respectively) the two-place Longren Sport or Fibre Sport was a sensational design that incorporated the three-ply laminated wooden monocoque fuseshylage of the 1916 Longren Bus and the 1917 Model H and a set of folding biplane wings to facilitate storage It is unclear as to how the fuselage of the Sport may have differed from earshylier Longren monocoque construcshytion techniques if at all

However a 1925 Longren patent describes the use of diamond-shaped wood fibre shell (procured from the National Fibre Co) being covered with an additional two layers of wood laminations on either side The fushyselage was made in upper and lower halves using steam-pipe-heated conshycrete male and female molds clamped together using 6000 pounds of presshysure The sections were then trimmed and dried with special provision for humidity control before being joined

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 29

to a framework of grooved ash longeshyrons and formers The fuselage formshyers were made of three-ply materials engine-bearing formers were made of a seven-ply material The formers were in turn attached to the fuseshylage shells with screws Finally the fushyselage was varnished inside and out with Valspar varnish the exterior reshyceiving a coat of pigmented varnish before a final clear coat

Sold with both Lawrence Model Lshy2 three-cylinder Y-style and Anzani sixshycylinder radial engines the Longren Fibre Sport was flown in several notashyble Midwestern aviation events during the early 1920s During the American Legion Air Meet at Kansas City (Octoshyber 31 - November 3 1921) the Sport made 38 consecutive loops while being flown by ND Trinler Two Sports were also flown during a special efficiency race held at Omaha Nebraska on Noshyvember 11 An AK Sport again flown by Trinler placed second with a speed of 7791 mph when flown over a 153shymile triangular course Later that Noshyvember two AK Sports were placed at the disposal of the Kansas City Star to deliver newspapers from Kansas City to Lawrence Kansas in record time During a game between the Missouri Tigers and the Kansasjayhawks a teleshygraph wired a play-by-play account of the football game to the Stars office The newspapers were then promptly set printed and delivered via aircraft to the Lawrence street vendors beshyfore departing fans were even able to reach their homes

After establishing a climb record for Longren aircraft in 1922 the Longren Sport attracted the attention of customshyers from as far away as China and the Soviet Union In 1923 the US Navy became interested and on February 19 1924 Lt jB Kneip flew the accepshytance tests for the first of three Lonshygren AK Sports that were sold to the Navy (serial numbered A6745 through A6747) The first machine was shipped to Washington DC for testing at the Anacostia Naval Air Station while the other two were delivered to Pensacola However documentation of their subshysequent testing and use by the Navy remains elusive

30 JUNE 2007

Photos of Longren Sports and the later NL-13 show the distinctive Lonshygren company logo painted on the side of the fuselage and perhaps a few words need to be said about it This consisted of four capital ilLs joined at the top of each letter This formed a crux gammata or swastika although the direction the letters pointed was counter-clockshywise as opposed the symbols use on aircraft flown by Nazi Germany in which the bottom of the ilLs point in a clockwise direction Prior to its adoption by the Nazi Party this ancient symbol was seen as far afield at the Southwestshyern United States where it was a sacred symbol of Native Americans and in Inshydia and in Runic Europe During The Great War the Indian head emblem of Seaplane Pilots Association (SPA) 124 included a crux gammata as part of the headdress worn by the Native Amerishycan chief tan In its time and place it was considered as a symbol of good forshytune and was in no way considered to be an insult In fact after World War I Finland adopted a grayish-blue crux

gammata inscribed within a white circle as the national insignia for its aircraft In Longrens case the ilL was inscribed with a second ilL and the rest of the letters in Longrens surname In addishytion to that a circular logo and was placed at the center of the emblem to which a set of wings and a propeller reached out to a point near the tips of the ilLs So as it turns out the Lonshygren swastika was covered by what might roughly be considered a crux

immissa or crucifix Longren had no connections to fascist idealism The company logo which originated in the Midwest in the early 20s was simply a clever play on the primary letter in Longrens surname

No matter how good an aircraft the Longren Sport was the company could not survive on such limited orders and the last aircraft was sold in May of 1924 The remaining company assets patents and facilities were sold at an auction in March 1926 The Longren Sport was resurrected briefly in 1928 when the American Eagle Aircraft Corporation of Kansas City Missouri built a solitary aircraft as the Model A-429 However the aircraft was much different than the

original Longren Sport and the design was not pursued further Following the collapse of his company Longren was hired by Willis Brown to become viceshypresident of production at the Spartan Aircraft Co in Tulsa When Brown left in 1929 Longren also moved on to beshycome a design consultant at the Butshyler Manufacturing Co at Kansas City Butler had planned to manufacture the Butler Blackhawk biplane However the company was unable to do this and all manufacturing was halted in 1931 At this pOint Longren made a deal to build a new airplane -- the NL-13

Registered as X12538 and sporting the distinctive Longren fuselage logo the NL-13 (NL possibly standing for New Longren) fuselage was built usshying a new machine-forming method for heat-treated duralumin sheets The upper and lower fuselage halves of the 1932 NL-13 biplane were joined to T-shaped longerons and riveted toshygether Fuselage formers also made of liT cross-section were riveted to the halves creating a very strong duralushymin semi-monocoque fuselage Like the earlier Longren AK the NL-13 had twin side-by-side seating The powerplant of the aircraft was a Martin 333 of 120 hp With the exception of the wing spars the NL-13 was of all-metal construction the wings being fabric covered

The aircraft was first tested by George Gay in August of 1932 At that time Gay worked for the aeronautics branch of the Civil Aeronautics Administrashytion (CAA) The aircraft was found to be slightly tail-heavy This was cured by a slight stabilizer adjustment The engine also suffered from a slight overshyheating problem This was corrected by enlarging the cooling louvers and subshystituting the original propeller with anshyother type

The NL-13 had a span of 28 feet and a length of 22 feet Apparently the goal of the NL-13 was to obtain a military contract After further testing at Roosshyevelt Field Long Island New York the fuselage of the NL-13 was sold to the United States Army Air Corps and underwent stress evaluation at Wright Field Dayton OhiO in june 1933 After slight modification to some of the stiff-

continued on page 37

Flying to me is all about having fun Its grass strips and old

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of flying and my kind of airplanes They provide great service

at very good rates and they know me as an individual not just

a policy number

- Darrell Jenkins

Dan-ell Jenkins Heber Springs AR

bull Private pilot single-engine land and sea

bull 500 hours total shy300 in taildraggers

bull Current aircraft 1948 Ercoupe 415-E

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continued from page 3

EAA Seeks to Preserve Access to Repair Station Services

EAA cautions that proposed aircraft repair station certification regulations could harm many small general aviashytion shops and adversely affect airshycraft owners seeking to maintain the airworthiness of their aircraft

The FAA estimates the cost for deshyveloping and implementing a new quality system called for by the proshyposed regulations at $34500 per reshypair station Many small operations cannot afford such an expense and it could force some to close their doors

We fear that these requirements would ultimately result in diminshyished availability of qualified and experienced maintenance expertise especially for the vintage fleet said Earl Lawrence EAA vice president of industry and regulatory affairs Airshycraft owners could be forced to use maintenance facilities with less speshycialized experience on their aircraft type making it more difficult to comshyplete major repairs and changes to small aircraft potentially impacting safety as well

EAA also questions the feasibility of requiring repair stations to mainshytain an approved capability list for each make series and model of airshycraft its permitted to work on Many small operators often inspect and maintain virtually hundreds of airshycraft types creating an administrashytive nightmare

EAA is willing to discuss how the FAA could best address its quality concerns while ensuring the ownshyers of small aircraft continue to have ready access to repair station services One suggestion EAA proposed is to exempt or lessen requirements for smaller shops with fewer than a given number of employees

EAAs full comments can be found at wwwEAAorgcommunications eaanewsRepa ir_Station_NPRM_Draftpdf The notice of proposed rulemaking is at httpDMSESDOTgovdocimages pdf99431749_webpdf 32 JUNE 2007

Young Eagle 13 Million Hails From New Mexico

Arlene Martinez in the right seat with volunteer Young Eagles pilot Paul Rachels

The EAA Young Eagles program the worlds most successful youth aviation initiative ever has registered the 13-millionth Young Eagle flown She is Arlene Martinez age 12 of Yuma Arizona who took her flight on March 17 at Somerton Airport (54AZ) in a Cessna 170 piloted by Paul Rachels EAA 633950 Rachels is president and Young Eagles coordinator for Yuma EAA Chapter 590

Arlene was very enthusiastic said Rachels who has flown 123 Young Eagles She definitely enjoyed the flight and would like to do it again He always gets a kick out of how kids react to their special flights Its as incredible an experience

for me as it is for them and I have 700 hours of flight time Steve Buss EAA Young Eagles executive director called it another important

milestone for the program which this year marks its 15th anniversary year-the birthday will be marked at AirVenture this year Its wonderful to recognize Paul and Arlenes flight but we also applaud the outstanding continuing support and enthusiasm for Young Eagles by our members We extend our congratulations to all who have helped the program reach this unprecedented level of participation

Nominations Due June 15 for EAA Young Eagles Awards Each year EAA honors several special volunteers at EAA AirVenture with the

annual Young Eagles awards and theres still time to nominate a deserving pershyson for 2007

Nominations for the following awards are being accepted through June 15

bull Chapter Coordinator bull Field Representative bull Ground Support Volunteer bull Young Eagles Humanitarian (presented for efforts to reach special needs

Young Eagles) bull Young Eagles Horizon Award (recognizing efforts to go beyond the basic

Young Eagles flight) Awards will be presented at a special ceremony held at EAA AirVenture Museshy

ums Eagle Hangar on Wednesday July 25 To download the official nomination form visit wwwYoungEaglesorgvolunteersaward_nominationpdf

BY BUCK HILBERT

The very beginning of airworthiness certificates pilot certificates

For many years Ive talked and writshy barnstormers and promote some ten about the beginnings of the Aero order and safety to their flying It had Club of America (ACA) now known one other side effect No record atshyas the National Aeronautic Associashy tempt or air show (or air meet as they tion (NAA) Ive explained how this were called back then) could be staged pioneer era appointed Orville Wright without the approval of the Aero as the chairman of the Contest amp Reshy Club which was affiliated with the cords Board and how a pilot registrashy international governing body the Feshytion program came into being deration Aeronautique Internationale

The World War I pilots returning (FAI) The contestant was required to home were barnstorming and othershy be a member of the Aero Club which wise doing their best to make a living then issued a certification to the pishyin aviation That led to attempts to lot Hence the FAlSporting License register and somehow civilize these old-timers would show was signed by

Certifying Aircraft and Pilots

AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATE IauecI to VIlICElll ASTOR Arw 23 W 26th Sl BYCit shy

m~ts CnltiUs that the Aircraft described below has been Inspected and found AiruIo~ for daylight llyin on AJIlI 0VEIl WUER OKLY

For the Fl)1nA Season of 1922 ~- ~-=l1=~== Cmlampato NJiI~_ _ -- UND ElV1UTEIS~OIlIS Iae

o o-_pmiIyenr3~J__I922 III _ - ~ t

_ _ Mri N=A1fefJ~mATE WAmR AmClWr _ _______ 1 - PQRIlrASRDWTCJN l T bull Y

N_- 01 AlOft to 5 M- 1-1 AJkwL c 9on MuwLOEBDIG AERO ElIGR C~IIoTNo 23-t SodoIH9~iF--__ 0- 30 pr 3 I~ _ 42 PT 6 U __ n 8 Pr _ 2700 4100 II UMIwI 1400 shy_ 130 M _Cd 20000 hlln_H_ 2S_ _ T LIBRRrY I I OBE __ US 32230 __ Do 5 000 - JfAJlJODS JULY 7 1922

Orville Wright It was a requirement of the federal government No federal requirement for a pilots certificate would come into being until the Air Commerce Act gave that authority and responsibility to the Department of Commerce on May 20 1926

In all of the information Ive read on the early days of the ACA later the NAA there was never any menshytion of aircraft standards or airworshythiness certificates I never quesshytioned it and as a matter of fact I never gave it a thought

Then along comes friend and Vinshytage member Mitch Wohl from Barrington Illinois and he drops two books on my desk The first one I picked up was titled A Symbol of Safety This book was first published in 1923 and tells all about the foundshying of the Underwriters Laboratories (UL) Reprinted in 1995 it goes into great detail as to the history of UL I found it very interesting

The second book published on the 100th anniversary of Underwritshyers Laboratories in 1994 amplifies a bit of the material that was pub-

This airworthiness certificate was issued by an Underwriters Laborashytories inspector Maj J W Jones who deemed the Loening Air Yacht of Vincent Astor to be in airworthy condishytion It is restricted to dayligbt flying and over water only Heres a photo of its sister ship from the 1922 Airshycraft Yearbook

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 3 3

Loening monoplane Flying Yacht 100 hp Liberty engine which made a world record for aHitude with three passengers and pilot 19500 feet

lished in the 1923 book Its entire theme is Making the World Safe for Technology What a revelation both regarding the organization s history in general and its involveshyment in aviation

The real beginnings were at the 1893 Worlds Fair at the Great White City in Chicago The Electricity Building had frequent visits by the fire brigade in response to the new alshyternating current electricity displays catching fire and causing problems It was then that William Henry Merrill began his testing lab which proved

electricity could be a servant rather than a master

Our only function is to serve not to profit We are doing someshything for manufacturers buyers and property owners everywhere We are doing things for humanity was a direct quote from Merrill This was the beginning of the lab The lab was funded by corporations that wanted their products tested as well as by the insurance underwriters themselves

From 1893 through 1905 the budshyget expanded from a mere $3000 to more than $300000 During that

The book goes into

great detail

as to physical

standards for

airmen There were

all sorts of tests

for altitude tolerance

fatigue and eyesight

and their standards

specify annual physicals

rAiLW~eeL5

srlINSON 15 JOCII~Y

34 JUNE 2007

time more than 7500 reports were published the lab moved to larger quarters it was chartered in Illinois and the landmark inspection and label service was established Within two years UL inspectors were at work in 67 citshyies UL got into everything electrical fire prevention fire extinguishers automobiles oil and gasses and transportashytion as well Thats where we come in airplanes

When the first commercial airplane takes off here in the USA in the 20s UL registers airplanes certifies pilots and issues the now rather quaint-sounding Rules of the Air

Im getting ahead of the full story but in a nutshell the National Aircraft Underwriters Association proposed and requested UL become the custodian of the official register of all aircraft pilots (other than government pilots) and take full charge of all details connected therewith

UL undertook this branch of the work on July I 1921 The book goes into great detail as to physical stanshy

dards for airmen There were all sorts of tests for altitude tolerance fatigue and eyesight and their standards specify annual physicals

No wonder the early birds were considered supermen The next step was to create a register of commercial and private aircraft On May I 1922 UL began a nationwide inspection service in order to make it possible to issue cershytificates of airworthiness for individual aircraft The details of the inspections and the people employed to conduct them is an early Whos Who in aviation The inspections were very stringent and as demanding for the aircraft as they were for the pilots

And that dear friends is the story of the first airworshythiness certificates They were all issued long before the Department of Commerce became involved and of course long before the creation of the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) and the Federal Aviation Administration

Little by little the freedoms of flight have been whittled down and the myriad of Federal Aviation Regulations we live with came about but here fellow pilots and aircraft owners was the very beginning and it was the insurance people who started it all I(

Over to you (( ~((~

~ Call to order your copies today

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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 35

BY HG FRAUTSCHY

THIS MONTHS MYSTERY PLANE PHOTO IS A BIT OF A MULLIGAN FOR THOSE OF YOU

WHO HAVE ENJOYED L1GHTPLANES FOR A NUMBER OF YEARS STILL NOT MUCH IS PUBLISHED ABOUT THIS RATHER ATTRACTIVE AMPHIBIAN

Send your answer to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box You can also send your response via e-mail Send 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Your answer needs your answer to mysteryplaneeaaorg Be sure to include to be in no later than July 15 for inclusion in the your name city and state in the body of your note and September 2007 issue of Vintage Airplane put I(Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line

MARCH S MYSTERY ANSWER

36 J UN E 2007

nology olph Dope

Heres a little about the March Mystery Plane

The subject Mystery Plane apshypears to be the Longren NL-13 sin 2 X12538 built in 1932 by Albin K Longren (1882-1950) in Kansas City Missouri Longren had been a design consultant for Butler Manushyfacturing Co during the certificashytion of the Butler Blackhawk and built the NL-13 in the Butler facility with help from Butler employees Butler had ceased production by that time in the depths of the Great Depression The NL-13 had an allshy

wing spars and the fabric wing covshyering The engine was a 120-hp Marshytin 333 inve rted inline with four cylinders The X12538 was the only NL-13 built and was not successful in reaching production although it was an ea rly example of formed alushyminum aircraft structures

My information comes from Aeroshyfilescom and from Chuck (Charles E) Lebrechts fine article entitled AK Longren - Pioneer Airman of the West published in American Aviation Historishycal Society Journal Vol26 No4 Winshyter 1981 pp258-270 Lebrechts article gives a great vjew of Longrens career as an aircraft designer and manufacturer

Jack Erickson State College Pennsylvania Other correct answers were reshy

ceived from WaIt House Wichshyita Kansas George Otto Snook Monroe Michigan John Miller Wamego Kansas Cam Bla ze r Leawood Kansas An extensive arshyticle on the airplane and AK Lonshygren written by Wesley Smith is also included in this issue of Vinshytage Airplane

metal airframe except for wooden 1---------------------------------shy

eners and bulkheads the NL-13 fuselage had a safety factor able to absorb 1683g

ahead of the center of gravity (CG) and 11g aft of the CG

This made the fuselage of the NL-13 considerably stronger than that of the Stearman YBT-3 Boeing P-26A Conshysolidated P-30 and Boeing P-12B with which it was compared the YBT-3 having a maximum g-Ioading potential of 109

both fore and aft of the CG While the reshyport recommended the possible adoption of Longrens construction techniques orshyders for the NL-13 were not forthcoming and no further examples were built

With the demise of Butler Longren went to work for himself using a porshytion of the former Butler factory at the Kansas City Municipal Airport In 1933-34 Longren did the initial metal work on the Luscombe Phantom and developed metal-working techniques with his partner Ivan Driggs Plans for opening another aircraft factory were put on hold when Cessn a reopened their Wichita Kansas facility in 1934 for production of the Cessna C-34 Cessna hired Longren as vjce-president a posishy

tion that he held until 1939 when he moved to Torrance California to open the Longren Aircraft Company

While Longren built no further airshycraft he became a successful subconshytractor of prefabricated components for other aircraft manufacturers After the end of World War II Longren sold his company and retired to a 3OOO-acre ranch at Adin Ca lifornia where he passed away due to a heart condition on Nov 19 1950 at age 68

The defini tive Longren article was written by Mr Charles E Lebrecht and was published in the Winter 1981 edishytion of the American Aviation Historical Society Journal (Volume 26 Number 4 pages 258-270) I am indebted to Mr Lebrechts excellent research for the inshyformation in this piece Further informashytion on AK Longren can be found in the pages of Aviation Quarterly (Mace Kenshyneth D Pioneer Airmen ofKansas Volshyume 5 Number 2 Second Quarter 1979 pages 152-163) Mr Maces article is also quite well-written and contains severshyal beautiful photos of Longrens aircraft as well as the 1908 Call Mayfly

VINTAGE A I RPLANE 37

The fo llowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter of information only and does not constishytute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed To submit an event send the information via mail to Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Or e-mail the information to vintageaircrafteaaorg Information should be received four months prior to the event date

JUNE S-IO-Union IL-Poplar Grove Airport Army Wings and Wheels Info Vintage Wings amp Wheels Museum 815-547middot3115 Tom Murray hiwheelsbcglobalnet

JUNE 14-17-St Louis MO-Dauster Flying Field Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) American Waco Club Flymiddotln Info Phil Coulson 269shy624-6490 or rcoulson516cscom www americanwacoclubcom

JUNE 20-2l--Lock Haven PA-William T Piper Memorial Airport (LHV) Sentimental Journey Fly-In Family oriented fly-in featuring antique and classic aircraft of all makes and models especially PIPERS Seminars vendors food camping and entertainment daily Come for the day or the week Call 570-893-4200 or 748shy5123 for more information j3cubkcnet org wwwsentimentaljourneyfly-incom

JUNE 21-24-Mt Vernon Ohio-Wynkoop Airport (6G4) 48th Annual National Waco Club Reunion Check www nationalwacoclubcom for more information and contact information Or email call Andy Heins 937 313 5931 wacoasoaolcom

JUNE 22-24-Gardner KA-Gardner Municipal Airport (K34) Greater KC VAA Chapter 16 Fly-in Contact Kevin Pratt 816-985-3248

JUNE 23-Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

JUNE 30-Chetek WI-The Chetek WI (Y23) 9AM car show craft fair and show a professional horse pull and a water ski show Plenty of food and drink available throughout the day For more info contact Chuck Harrison 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet or Tim Knutson 715-237shy2477 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

JUNE 31-Russellville KY- Russellville-Logan County Airport (4M7) 9th Annual All You Can Eat BarBQ Lunch 1100am - 200pm Rain Date July 5th Aircraft displays skydiving door prizes Everyone welcome For more information eaal165yahoo com wwwangelfirecom ky3 eaal165 Joe Lawrence 270-726-1558

JULY 4-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-llam For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

JULY 6-8--All iance Oh (2Dl)-Taylorcraft and Ohio Aeronca Aviators Fly-In See the airplanes built in Alliance OH amp Middletown

38 JU N E 2007

OH and the people that built them Camping motels food all day fbarberalliancelinkcom 330823-1168 bwmatzllacyahoocom 216 337-5643 httpwwwoaafy-incom see wwwbarberaircraftcom for airport diagrams Breakfast served Sat amp Sun 7AM to 11AM by EM Chapter 82

JULY 14-Zanesville OH-Parr Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

AUGUST 5-Queen City MO-Applegate Airport (15MO) 20th Annual Watermelon Fly-In amp BBQ 2pm til dark Come and see grass roots aviation at its best Info 660-766-2644

AUGUST S-Chetek WI-Southworth Municipal airport (Y23) BBQ Fly-In 1030am Warbird displays antique and unique airplanes antique amp collector car displays and raffles for airplane rides Procedes will be given to local charities Info Chuck Harrison - Office 715-924shy4501 Cell 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet Tim Knutson - Home 715-237-2477 Cell 651-308-2839 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

AUGUST 17-19--McMinnville OR-25th Annual West Coast Travel Air Reunion Come Celebrate the Rebirth of the Travel Air Expected to be the largest gathering of Vintage Travel Airs in recent times Held in conjunction with the Northwest Antique Airplane Club Event Info Bruce McElhoe 559-638-3746

AUGUST 18--Forest Lake MN-(25D)-Airport Fly-in and Open House lOam - 4pm 24shyhour gas and 24-hour grass 3000-foot 31 13 Forest Lake Lions serve brats corn-ltgtn-the-cob and ice cream 100LL is available John Schmidt EM 250021 St Paul Minnesota 651 776 1717

AUGUST IS-I9-Long Island NY- Bayport (23N) Annual Antique Aeroplane Fly-In Old time movies popcorn pig roast flour bomb drop and spot landing contest with the days ending in the in famous Sheep Shagger Baa For more info wwwAACGNY org or email Stuart Bain at Sbain emediaofny com

AUGUST 19-Brookfield WI-Capitol Airport (02C) Ice Cream Social and vintage Aircraft Display VAA Chapter 11 Dean London 262-442-4622

AUGUST 2S-Niles MI-Jerry Tyler Memorial Airport (3TR) VAA Chapter 35 Annual Corn amp Sausage Roast Lunch served 1100am

to 300 pm Rain date on Sunday August 26th Donations of $500 for adults and $300 for children under 12 Contact Len Jansen tripacerlenyahoocom

SEPTEMBER I -Marion IN-Marion Municipal Airport (MZZ) 17th Annual Fly-In Cruise-In 700am until 200pm This annual event features antique classic homebuilt ultralight and warbird aircraft as well as vintage cars trucks motorcycles and tractors An all-you-can-eat Pancake Breakfast is served with all proceeds going to the local Marion High School Marching Band wwwFlylnCruiselncomlnfo Ray Johnson (765) 664-2588 or rjohnson indyrrcom

SEPTEMBER I -Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $2 50 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer Phone (740) 454-7487

SEPTEMBER 2-Mondovi WI-21st Annual Log Cabin Airport Fly-In Doug Ward Owner Operator 715-287-4205 Lunch noon

SEPTEMBER 8-Newark Ohio-NewarkshyHeath Airport (VTA) Annual Fly-In DriveshyIn Breakfast Pancakes and More Young Eagles Flights Vintage Airplanes Classic Cars Tom McFadden 740-587shy2312 email EAA402adelphianet

SEPTEMBER 9-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-12pm For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

SEPTEMBER 21-22- Bartlesville OK-Frank Phillips Field (BVO) 51st Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-In Antiques Classics Light Sport Warbirds Forum Type Clubs Info Charlie Harris 918-622shy8400 wwwtulsafyincom

OCTOBER 5-7-Camden SC-Kershaw County Airport (KCDN) VAA Chapter 3 Fall Fly-In All classes welcome BBQ on field Fri Evening EAA judging all classes Sat Banquet Sat Nite Info Jim Wilson 843-753-7138 or eiwilson homexpresswaynet

OCTOBER 5-7-St Louis MO-Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) The Monocoupe Club Fly-In amp Reunion wwwmonocoupecom

OCTOBER IO-I4-Tuliahoma TN- Beech Birthday Party 2007 Staggerwing Twin Beech 18 Bonanza Baron Beech ownersamp enthusiasts Info 931shy455-1974

Your One STOP Quality Shop Hook up air hose from your compressor Add Glass Beads or otherabrasiveAim powergun 1-888-388-8803 (included) at part and remove 1-780-447-5955 rust paint and scale

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2007 MAJOR FLy-INS

For details on EM Chapter flymiddotins and other local avimiddot ation events visit wwweaaorgjevents

Golden West EAA Regional Ay-In

Yuba County Airport (MYV) Marysville CA

June 29middotJuly 1 2007 wwwGodenWestRynorg

Rocky Mountain EAA Regional AyJn Front Range Airport (FTG) Watkins CO

June 23-24 2007 wwwRMRRorg

Arlington EAA Ay-In

Arlington Municipal Airport (AWO) Arlington WA July 11-15 2007

wwwNWEAAorg

EAA AlrVenture Oshkosh

Something to buy sell or trade Classified Word Ads $550 per 10 words 180 words maximum with boldface

lead-in on first line

Classified Display Ads One column wide (2167 inches) by 1 2 or 3 inches

high at $20 per inch Black and white only and no frequency discounts

Advertising Closing Dates 10th of second month prior to desired issue date

(ie January 10 is the closing date for the March issue) VAA reserves the right

to reject any advertising in conflict with its policies Rates cover one insertion per

issue Classified ads are not accepted via phone Payment must accompany order

Word ads may be sent via fax (920-426-4828) or e-mail (cassadseaaorg) using

credit card payment (all cards accepted) Include name on card complete address

type of card card number and expiration date Make checks payable to EAA

Address advertising correspondence to EAA Publications Classified Ad Manager

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MISCELLANEOUS BABBITT BEARING SERVICE - rod

Wittman Regional Airport (OSH) Oshkosh WI July 23-29 2007 wwwAirVentureorg

EAA Mld-Eastem Regional Ay-In Mansfield Lahm Airport Mansfield OH August 25-26 2007

httpMERR info

Virginia Regional EAA Ay-In

Dinwiddie County Airport (PTB) Petersburg VA October 6-7 2007 wwwVAEAAorg

EAA Southeast Regional Ay-In Middleton Field Airport (GZH) Evergreen AL October 12-14 2007 wwwSERRorg

Copperstate Regional EAA AyJn Casa Grande (Arizona) Municipal Airport (CGZ)

October 25-28 2007 wwwcopperstateorg

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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 39

VINTAGE AIRCRAFT

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Gene Chase EE Buck Hilbert 2 159 Cariton Rd 8102 Leech Rd

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Membershi~ Services Directory ENJOY THE MANY BENEFITS OF EAA AND ~ EAAs VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION

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Programs and Activities EAA AirVenture Fax-On-Demand Directory 732-885-6711 Auto Fuel STCs 920-426-4843 Buildrestore information 920-426-4821 Chapters locatingorganizing 920-426-4876 Education 888-322-3229

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MEMBERSHIP INFORMATION EAA

Membership in the Experimental Aircraft ASSOCiation Inc is $40 for one year includshying 12 issues of SPORT AVIATION Family membership is an additional $10 annually Junior Membership (under 19 years of age) is available at $23 annually All major credit cards accepted for membership (Add $16 for Foreign Postage)

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40 JUNE 2007

-=-_tI 8015 CONCER

~oNO~Y )JY 13

presented by Ecpse ~1aton n 8lt ford otor col1pa y

Page 16: PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATIONmembers.eaavintage.org/wp...Vol-35-No-6-June-2007.pdf · PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION . ... Flightline Safety Committee and their

Side profile of an assemshybled Thomas Aero Motor The hand crank was preshy

ferred to swinging the prop on a geared ltwo-to-one)

engine Note the individual cylinder primers beside

spark plugs

tion of two nose skids and the 90-hp Austro-Daimler engine It had a top speed of 83 mph and could climb 3800 feet in 10 minutes carrying a lOOO-pound load The performance of this machine added to the prestige of the companys having hired a new deshySigner and resulted in an order from the British Adshymiralty for 24 Model T-2 airplanes its first sizable order

Wit h two pre v i 0 u s One of 15 Model SH-4 hydroplanes built by Thomas-Morse for the US Navy in about 1916 It moves from Hornell New York and Bath New York

was powered with a 149-hp Sturtevant engine

the brothers looked for a new locashy signed and built a 135-hp geared commissioned in the Royal Flying tion in which to expand Ithaca New engine with the help of designers Corps This brought a number of pishyYork at the southern end of Cayuga GeorgeAbel and Harold Bliss also two lots to the shores of Cayuga Lake as Lake was a natural choice with flat of the founders of this new division World War I gained intensity fields for takeoff and landing and a In 1915 two seaplanes designated The expansion and all of the activishy40-mile-long lake constituting an SH-4 and SH-5 were built for the ties had put considerable financial strain ideal seaplane or flying boat test area Navy and the D-5 tractor plane was on the Thomas companies A refinancshyThis coupled with the cold-weather developed for the Signal Corps Furshy ing was accomplished by merging the ability to fly from the ice resulted in ther development in 1916 resulted in airplane and engine division with the an ideal location production of the SH-4 seaplane and flying school then merging with the

Shortly after the move to Ithaca IS were built for the US Navy Morse Chain Co of Ithaca New York BD Thomas designed a new model With the prestige of not only an Thus the final name that is so wellshytheD-2 tractor biplane This was the airplane company but also a moshy known Thomas-Morse Aircraft Corp first use of the new Thomas entershy tor company and a flying school was born January 31 1917 in time to prise which was to build its own enshy The Thomas School of Aviation was build the famous World War I fighters gines This auxiliary company called picked by the Canadian government To be concluded in next months The Thomas Air Motor Co had de- for pilots who would train to become issue of Vintage Airplane

V I N T AGE AI RPLA NE 15

L0023Nnr 9l

bull SIAIWel uO~lnod all~

There seems to be two distinctly different types of people in the world of little airplanes those who love and adore the Aeronca Chief and those who wouldnt know an Aeronca Chief if they found it floating in their coffee Its not a question of liking it or disliking it because its one of those airplanes that has such a low recognition factor that a relatively

small percentage of the pilot popushylation even knows it exists In some ways thats a good thing because it has helped keep the prices down for those who want a Chief of their own One of those is Danny Poulton of Belshyton South Carolina

The Poultons Chief is not your avshyerage Chief Were all used to seeing the 11AC (65 hp) or the 11CC (85 hp)

-the postwar Super Chief-but theirs is an lIBe Were not sure it ever carshyried a name but maybe we should call it the Not-Quite-Super-Chief It came out of the factory in 1947 with a C8S-8 which meant no provisions for a starter Not a normal one anyway It had a McDowell starter which was a combination of ratcheted sprockets and a lever that worked very much like the pull starter on a lawn mower with the cable going back to a hanshydle in the cockpit By the time Danny bought the airplane as a project in Michigan the starter had long since disappeared In fact everything fireshywall-forward had disappeared But were getting ahead of ourselves

Danny had owned a number of airplanes in the past and in fact had learned to fly while he was still in high school

We had aviation on my moms side of the family he says My unshycle was an airframe and powerplant mechanic (AampP) and a fUll -time corshyporate pilot and he encouraged me

He progressed through a number of airplanes most of them some varishyation of the Piper PA-28 line includshying an Arrow although a 63 C-l72 did follow him home one day

I met Donna and aviation beshycame part of our life he says In fact we were married in a 421 Cessna at five thousand feet over Anderson South Carolina

Danny didnt get into vintage airshyplanes until four years ago with the Chief It was a form of therapy because he was on a crusade to lose weight

I had let myself balloon up to 460 pounds and if I was going to live I had to lose the weight I had two sons Dale and JD and a wonderful wife and I didnt want to lose all of that just beshycause I was overweight So I started looking for an airplane to rebuild as a way to keep myself busy We live on an airpark and we had a great guy Gene Richburg living just down the runshyway from us He was 82 years old at the time and knew everything there was to know about rebuilding airplanes and he volunteered to help me

So Danny launched on two projshyects at the same time both of them

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 17

Danny Poulton holds open the top cowl to reveal the Continental C-SS installation It appears Danny has decided not to trust his Chief mechanical fuel gauges which are known to be troublesome and is using an old standby the wire and cork float gauge so common prior to World War II

In keeping with the restrained nature of Dannys customized Chief a few nice touches such as the upholstered side panels and polished control wheel caps brighten up the otherwise original-looking cabin Look closely and you can see the toe brake pedals on the pilots side of the cockpit Those pedals are seen only on the UBC UCC and lSAC Sedan

The tubular structure of the landing gear is covered with an aluminum fairshying leading to a nicely finished pair of replica fiberglass wheelpants The small cable attached to the trailing edge of the landing gear is a safety cable It was originally installed in case of a failshyure of the originally installed phenolic piston within the oleo strut Later after an airworthiness directive (47-20-02) and Aeronca Service Helps and Hints No 12 required changing the phenoshylic part to one made of aluminum the need for the cable was negated but most owners keep it just in case

monumental The first was to lose weight and the second to find a projshyect that fit his goals and skill levels

I didnt look long and actually found the Chief on eBay It belonged to an AampP in Michigan who had started to rebuild it and then decided to put it up for sale I hadnt done anything like this before so I was reshyally not sure of what I was doing but I hooked up my trailer and headed up to Michigan to buy the Chief That was in July of 2003

What he saw when he got to Michshyigan was enough to encourage him so he loaded it up and brought it back to South Carolina As is always the case however he wouldnt really know what he had until he did a thorshyough inventory back home

The large dorsal fin on the llBC Chief (also used on the UCC) makes identifishycation of the higher-horsepower Chiefs a bit easier

18 JUNE 2007

When we unloaded at home Gene came over and we spread the entire collecshytion of stuff out to see what was missing and what kind of work was going to be needed In general the airshyframe was actually in great shape because the AampP

had already started workshying on it and had finished the major compon ents The wings were more or less complete and fini shed

and the work was beautiful About all th ey needed were the leading edges and to be covered

The fuselag e tubing had been cleaned and painted and most of the fuselage wood was usable too Part of the airplanes condition is probshyably because it had only 400 hours on it and had spent most of its life stored inside somewhere We dont have much of the airplane s history but you could see by looking at the wood and steel that it hadnt been left outside to rot like so many Chiefs have been

When we were done inventorying it we found a lot of missing or unusshyable stuff that I hadn t noticed when picking it up It had no tail wheel or wing struts and the doors were not only the wrong doors but were badly crushed There were no control yokes and all of the logos were missing Same thing for all of the interior upshyholstery boards Plus there was esshysentially nothing firewall-forward I

Its still easy for most of those who h ave restored airplanes to rememshyber what it was like in the days beshyfore computers The dozens of trips to fly-markets the phone calls and the constant surveillance of Trade-ashyPlane were not only aggravating but added a huge amount of time to finshyishing the project Danny came into the Vintage world PC post computer so he was able to take full advantage of cyber searching for parts

Besides buying the airplane on eBay that service proved to be a tershyrific source for some of the rarer parts I needed Among other things thats

Whats in a Model Number By HG Frautschy

The differences between the llBC Chief and the llCC Super Chief are tough to spot but in todays sport pilot market one distinction can spell the

difference between flying one and just owning one

Both airplanes are powered by the Continental C85-8 and both came equipped with the rather clever McDowell starter The McDowell was vilified by

some as being a cheap substitute for an electrical starter but having had one

for years on my Super Chief Id have to say it s one of the neatest inventions

added to the postwar lightplane If treated with respect and used in the way the manufacturer intended it worked perfectly It did have one design weakness

that could have been easily solved but it didnt last long enough on the market to make it that far

The McDowell was activated using a cable with a ball swaged on the end

Because of the way the ball and cable were retained in the starters pulley

sheave the cable would fray and then break just below the ball or an overly

enthusiastic pull on the starter cable would pull the ball right off the end If Mcshy

Dowell had used a small fitting inside the sheeve to allow for a straight pull on

the cable (and if the cable had a ball and shank swaged fitting) Im convinced the McDowell would have been much more popular

It allowed for a lightweight starter to be installed on an airplane intended to be flown by casual travelers who were interested in ease of use and safety

It allowed my wife and her instructor both petite women to independently fly

the airplane without requiring a flip of the prop by someone else As long as

the engine was in good tune and one could reasonably expect the airplane to start when the impulse magneto fired the McDowell was a great way to pul l

the prop through safely

The 11BC and 11CC interiors were similar with a slight edge going to the

llCC for a few interior appointments added to enhance the automobile-like

feel to the cockpit Hap Granier the designer of the interior of all three postwar Aeroncas worked his magic on the Chiefs to give them a small sedan or coupe

feeling Bedford whipcord upholstery and side panels the zebrawood pattern wood-gra in-printed instrument panel and control wheels instead of control

sticks all contributed to that atmosphere

Both the 11CC and 11BC featured a large dorsal fin but the 11CC had a

different elevator stabilizer configuration That fact is sometimes lost on reshy

storers and aircraft modifiers who incorrectly (and illegally) put the earlier

11AC or llBC stab elevator combination on an llCC The 11CC has an aeroshy

dynamically balanced elevator designed to meet the hands-off gliding speed requirements of the then-new CAR 03 regulations Aeronca also had the llCC

certified in the Utility category as well as the Normal category with maximum gross weights of 1 290 and 1 350 pounds respectively That right there is a major difference in the airplanes as they are viewed in the market today The 11BC with a maximum gross weight of 1250 pounds is sport pilot eligible

while the llCC by virtue of its 1350 weight is not Interestingly a few llCC additions made it into the llBC as well Both

Chiefs as well as the four-place Aeronca Sedan shared the same rudder brake pedals with toe brakes instead of the heel brakes seen on the Champ Both feature flight characteristics similar to the Champ with the Chiefs having

the edge when it comes to cross-country flights With a 70-pound baggage alshylowance and up to 23 gallons of fuel on board the Chief is a great traveling machine if you re not in a hurry But when you re flying something as pretty as

a Chief whos in a big hurry

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 1 9

BONNIE KRATZ

He Danny Poultons Aeronca Chief features a custom color scheme that is reminiscent of the original decoration composed by Hap Granier for Aeroncas4012E side-by-side personal airplane

where I~gOt~t~h~e~iiiiiiiiiiibullbullbullbull con- trol yoke covers with the Aeronca logos the ashshytrays the bezels and the air box for the cabin heat I even found the pishytot tube and hand brake on eBay If I would have had to physically search for all of that stuff Id probably still be looking

Wag-Aero came to the rescue in supplying the struts and wing leadshying edges

III was able to use most of the origishynal boot cowl but the original noseshybowl was really bad and was cut for the McDowell starter so I used an STCd fiberglass replacement If I find a good original I may change that

11Th is airplane came out of the facshytory with toe brakes which were with the airplane and I stayed with the mechanical brakes and just installed new pads You dont really need

20 JUNE 2007

brakes on the airshyplane for anything so they work just fine

Danny was planning on flying the airplane a lot and added a venturi so he could run an artificial horizon and added air vent holes

When we were doing the inteshyrior there was no kit available for the headliner so a neighbor Phyllis Dalshyton sewed one up using the original material found on Chiefs That was really tedious Then I made the side panels and covered them with Airtex fabric and had to fabricate a new bagshygage door and make the boards for the seats

The panel had already been cleaned so the wood grain was gone but I decided not to try to put it on I did however make two metal glove

compartments for it The sliding windows were

original to the airplane but the polished prop isnt I just thought it looked betshyter polished

When the airframe was done and ready to be covered Danny went with Poly-Fiber and shot it with Aeroshythane but not in the original colshyors or scheme

IIAirtex had some sample seat covers for the airplane that were inexpensive so I bought them and had the paint mixed to go with the seat covers Also the paint stripes arent original They

mimic the factory scheme but arent exact I should also mention that I had some help with the fabric from Larry and Phyllis Dalton who helped cover the airplane This was my first time and they made it easy

Since Danny had no engine he was starting from scratch in that area The original was a C8S-8 but with his papaerwork he found a Supplemental Type Certificate (STC) that opened interesting new avenues

There was part of an STC in our paperwork that would let me install a -12 engine and that would allow me to have an electric starter which I reshyally wanted The problem was that the STC wasnt complete Plus the -8 mount is

than the shy12 so its not

a plug-andshyplay

change and I

expected some problems

getting the papershywork straightened out

I called the Atshylanta Flight Stanshydards District Office and really

lucked out The Coshylumbia Federal Aviashy

tion Agency (FAA) field examiner came out looked the airplane over and said hed be happy to clean up the paperwork and submit it to Atlanta for me What I thought was going to be a problem turned out to be quite easy

Unfortunately Danny found out that things dont always go easy when restoring an airplane and his headaches came in the form of his first engine

I had two sons

Dale and lD

and a wonderful

wife and 1 didnt

want to lose all of

that just because

1 was overweight

So 1 started

looking for an

airplane to rebuild

as a way to keep

myself busy

I bought a C8S-12 that had been overhauled I had flown it for about 22 hours when one cylinder lost a lot of compression so we pulled the jug When we got inside we found that the rod was just banging around in there and was loose on the crank When we split the case we found the crank was badly scored and a lot of metal had gone through the engine so I had to find another one

The second engine was freshly overhauled by an FAA-certified shop

in 2000 after a prop strike The guy I bought it from was building a homebuilt and

was afraid that the engine was going to sit too long before his

project was completed so he sold it Everything checked out to be perfect and it has been humming along with no problems since day one

We flew the airplane for the first time July I 2006 and I had a local pilot Gary Dalton do the test hop I dont mind telling you that I was nershyvous watching it When I flew it for the first time I had only 10 hours of tailshywheel time Id logged while getting my tail wheel endorsement I was a little nervous then too but everything went beautifully When we flew it it was alshymost exactly three years to the day that we unloaded it from the trailer

When I started I guess I became a little compulsive about working on it Id eat in the hangar work until 10 or 11 every night and sometimes Id wake up in the middle of the night and go out and work on it When Id get home from church on Sunday Id change clothes and go out and get something done Im glad I did it that way because it really helped me with the other problem

In the process of restoring his Chief Danny met several goals The first was finishing and flying his own Chief but the second and more imshyportant was taking control of his life From the time he started the Chief to the time he flew it he lost 230 pounds and added no telling how many years to his life Most people have difficulty committing to just finishing an airshyplane so Danny is to be congratushylated for two jobs well done ~

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 21

~The Bmiddot thof

Creating a classic design BY CHESTER L PEEK PHD

Could you in three months time design and build a new light plane without tools or factory and with very little money Impossible you say But that is just what eG Tayshylor did in the spring of 1936 when he introduced the legendary Taylorshycraft to the aviation world Heres the story

In the last week of December 1935 eG Taylor was confined to his bed ill and completely discourshy

aged Days before he and Bill Piper Hangar at Butler Pennsylvania 1936 Still in use today had signed a legal document that dissolved their troubled partnership For Taylors share of the Taylor Cub company (which was in debt more than $90000) he received approximately $5000 to be paid out in small installments over three years

Byron Shinn knew Taylor well both as a customer and friend In a 1991 letter he describes Taylors situashytion and subsequent events

Back in the 1930s we had a small manufacturing comshypany located in one of the hangars on the Butler Pennsylvashynia airport called The Shinn Devices Company We made aluminum wheels for aircraft 4 bead diameter 700X4 tire and at that time sold them to most of the light aircraft manshyufacturers including the Taylor and Piper organization in Bradford Pennsylvania We had a quite complete machine shop and engineering design business I remember how Taylorcraft got started One very cold winter day probably in December 1935 I drove up to see Taylor in Bradford The roads were terrible ice coated and I almost had several acshycidents When I got there I found Taylor sick in bed and in a very discouraged frame of mind He had just been kicked out of his company by Piper and had little or no money or employment I told him with his abilities as an aircraft deshysigner and builder that he should certainly try to get back in the business and offered to help if I could

I went back to Butler and contacted D Bar Peat who was a promoter a very nice fellow who was running the Butler

Ken SchoHer about 1980 airport I asked if he could raise some money to start Tayshy22 JUNE 2007

TAYLORCRAFT BY C 6 TAYLOR PlmBUR6H-BUTLER AIRPORT BunER PA

STABLE FAST A NEW LIGHT PLANE ECONOMICAL LOWPRICED

First Taylorcraft ad February 1936 Aero Digest

First Taylorcraft specifications Photo is of a model

during the

Depression

you NEVER

left a job

Yet these men

deeply loyal

to Taylor

came with him

to this chancy

new venture Byron Shinn about 1936

TAYLORCRAFT Model A

ATe pendingB_ Span 36 (11 m) Length 22 (67 m) Heicht 6 8 (21 m) Wm area 169 fLgt (156 ml) Power Ioodiaa 2IS IbsJhp (118 kcJho) WioJ Ioadma 58 1bbullJIt (293 kcl) Weicht empty 570 Ibs (259 kg) U falload 420 Ibs (190 kc) Payload 181 lbo (82 kcl Gr weiht m lbo (449kcr Bant I Ibs (5 kg) Fuel 10 gals

~L~~L11t1iLk hp

~~~gtam~~hm~~49 kph) l~ mph (51h ) Semlte laquoiliaC 101000 ft (4260 m) imb per min 400 It (122 tn) Cruig rang 210 mi (371 1aD) ~ F welded eel tubg four JODIeIODS of proareqjve diameters wood faired and fabric conrcd removable maine mouat j streued fot SO hp installamiddot tion Wg two paDdJ bolted to fuselafefabric _ ~ oectioo With eJlipticalJy rOUDded tips JOlid apruce JPlrs

Zplace ATC

metal ribs fabricated from drawn NicraJ secshytions sinclc drag wire bracinc built-up metal frame ailerons fabric COYered and of the balanced type with DO exposed horns

=r~~brTc ~~ai~~~wd~ removable fin elentor and stabiliurs inshyterlthanaeable right or IefL Landing rear =evbsor~ closed~~~es color ocJlulosc finish with trim Two-place flex-wine seat 39 inches ide--by-lide cabin fabric lined and fire-wall sound proofed all control cables and fittinp in the cabin are fully enclosed Baggag compartment 6- X 9- X w- back of seaL

~~6oo-~~bS~ wbeds DuPont Pluticell 1rindJhield rulr her mounted illltrument pampDe1 ~ Aeromarinc altimeter U S 011

~~itfra~~ pass or other instnunmts extra

Carlson and Harold White who were engineers Ken Tibbits and Les Salshychow Parks College graduates along with mechanics Colby Carpenter and William Crawford All these men had good secure jobs with Piper and durshying the Depression you NEVER left a job Yet these men deeply loyal to Taylor came with him to this chancy new venture All would eventually rise to responsible executive posishytions with Taylorcraft

Ken Scholter a local mechanic was hired as a welder Contemposhyrary reports credit him with most of the welding on the new plane Forshytunately he was also an amateur photographer and documented the building process on film He furshynished most of the photos shown in this article

Shinn resumes I When Taylor came to Butler he had very little money we all had very little money at that time I believe he got a small settlement from Piper for his share of the Cub company This was in the depths of the Depresshysion We doled the money out a few dolshylars at a time and started to build the first plane We used our machine shop to make the draw bench to make the rib parts and to make most of the parts jigs and dies that required machining

An engineering department was set up I hired a draftsman when Ray Carlshyson moved down from Bradford Tayshylor and the mechanics would make the parts and then the draftsman would

lor up again in the airplane business He along with Col make the drawings We designed a new wheel for the plane Breckenridge and some others did raise a little money about lightweight and very strong being constructed of an alumishy$1000 as I recall enough to include the building of the jigs num stamping fastened to a cast aluminum end rim Tayshyand fixtures and the first plane We moved Taylor and his lor and I also developed the new tapered axle which was family to Butler rented him a house and started work in a lighter and less costly A new Goodrich tire size 600 x 6 vacant hangar on the Butler airport SeveraL of Taylors men was used from Bradford came with him II The plane was designed and built during the first four

Actually six key Bradford employees left Piper and to five months of 1936 This must have been some sort of joined Taylor in the new enterprise They were Ray record When the plane was finished the test pilot Tibbits

VINTA GE A IR PLANE 23

One day we came to work

to find trucks backed up

to the hangar and Taylor

hauling away all the

Taylorcraft parts Batch of Shinn 800 x 4 wheelsjigs and fixtures

started the test flights First he taxied the plane up and down the runway then flew it the length of the runway just off the ground then made flights a bit higher and finally made circuits The plane flew very well but would not stall The CAA required proper recovery from a stall so Taylor worked on the horizontal tail surfaces so that a stall could be induced and the plane passed the CAA tests

Taylor was a design genius The CAA had just released a new-design wing curve and Taylor was the first I

ffi believe to use it The wing curve was ~ ~ faster and had a soft stall ~ This was the NACA 23012 airfoil z ~ Taylor once told the author that in

Fuselage structure 1935 he built a set of wings for the Cub using that airfoil but Piper veshytoed the change They were hanging on a wall when the Bradford factory burned in 1937

Shinn says I started an advertising campaign beginning with a very small ad in Aero Digest saying IISomething new is coming in Aviation The next ads told a little more People were very enthusiastic about the new plane It was much advanced over the Cub beshying faster with side-by-side seating and wheel controls Before long we had reshyceived down payments from over 50 customers $200 each as I recall This

ffi was due to correspondence with old ~ ~ Taylor Cub dealers and the Aero Dishy~ z gest ad In a 1992 interview Bob UJ

Taylor eGs son confirmed thisWing details He remembered his father waking

24 JUNE 2007

First A-40 run-up May 1936

him up one night in Butler and showing him $10000 in down payments

The first ad appeared in the February issue of Aero Digest and is shown on this page A later ad showed a photo of the plane but since no plane had been comshypleted at that time it was actually a snapshot of a model CG Taylor built on his kitchen table First the new trademark Taylorcraft was used but when Beechcraft threatened legal action claiming Taylorcraft sounded too much like Beechcraft the ads were changed to read Airplanes by GG Taylor However they resumed us-

CG Taylor and a Model ATaylorcraft 1936

ing the Taylorcraft name after sevshyeral months

Shinn continues D Bar Peat was always trying to promote the plane On Sundays they would put on an air show at the Butler airport and 200 to 300 people would atshytend Som e way he got the Taylorshycraft to lead the way when all the planes taxied by the grandstand at the Cleveland Air Races

Meanwhile in the hangar facshytory the prototype plane was beshying rushed to completion but not fast enough to suit Taylor He

once told the author I was away ~ from the plant for three days havshyo ~ ing given instructions to complete sect the engine mount When I returned

it was not done I hung the engine in the right place with a chain hoist we

cut the tubing to (it and it was done in an hour On May 1 the Continental A-40 engine SIN 635

was run up for the first time then on May 8 Taylor signed an application for an experimental certificate Only eight days later on Saturday May 16 CAA inshyspector RA Young witnessed the test flight and issued certificate X-16393 to the first Taylorcraft SIN 25 Apshyproximately three months had elapsed from the time construction was started until the new plane was airshyborne A remarkable achievement

It was a beautiful plane sleek and streamlined a far VINTAGE AIRPLANE 25

Test flight of the first Taylorcraft May 1936

1 rryen~~A1~~~ )~ ~- shyITS A - -=- (=- = --- I FAF

BEAUTY 51495middot00-----shy~GRACEFULLY CONTINENTAL

STREAMLINED - - _ MOTOR

C G TAYL O R bull PlttsburqhmiddotBuUer Airport bull Bu tler Penna

April 1936 ad in Aero Digest

cry from Taylors boxy square-cornered E-2 Cub With side-by-side seating and wheel controls it rivaled much larger more expensive planes such as the Waco and Stinson Weight had been kept to a minimum the proshytotype weighed only 570 pounds It was much faster than the Cub The first prospective customers who flew the plane verified the advertised cruising speed of 80 mph In a race with two locals an Aeronca C-3 and a Kinner Fleet the Taylorcraft won easily

The investors at Butler were elated With nearly 100 orders and down payments received for their new plane they envisioned a rapid production buildup and the prospects of a thriving profitable enterprise Their faith however had been misplaced

Shinn continues But unknown to D Bar Peat and me Taylor had been talking to others about financing and a place to manufacture the plane One day we came to work to find trucks backed up to the hangar and Taylor haulshying away all the Taylorcraft parts jigs and fixtures They moved to Alliance Ohio where they got one years free rent on a large old airplane factory financing and tax breaks D Bar Peat and I retained a lawyer to try to get back our inshyvestment eventually getting back some shares ofTaylorcraft 26 JUNE 2007

stock instead of money And Piper quit buying my wheels and switched to Hayes

Happily Taylor and Shinn soon put their legal difshyferences behind them and remained good friends and business associates for many years

Shinn was not alone in his disappointment when the unexpected move came Scholter was out of a job In 1992 he made this comment They left Butler owing me almost a months pay which I never got But they did give me a very nice letter of recommendation

The Alliance Review newspaper proudly announced the arrival of the new aircraft enterprise in its July 9 1936 edition But that is a story for another day

Authors note When researching my book The Taylorcraft Story in

1992 I was privileged to personally interview four prishymary information sources regarding the Butler Pennshysylvania events eG Taylor Bob Taylor Ken Scholter and Byron Shinn The history above was taken from those interviews and contemporary newspaper articles

_ 55 ~a-~~~ition

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LIN COL N MERCURY

EXTRA The Butler Manufacturing Co NL-I3 biplane

The March 2007 Mystery Plane is the 1932 Butler Manufacturing Co NL-13 biplane designed by Albin Kasper Longren (sometimes simply reshyferred to as the Longren NL-13)

AK Longren had a very long and interesting aviation career Born in a log cabin near Clay Center Kansas in 1882 he was the one of 14 children born to Swedish immigrant homeshystead farmers Charles and Emma Lonshygren In 1901 he took a business course from the International Corresponshydence School (ICS) which he followed up with an ICS diploma in mechanical engineering from 1907-1911

Longrens interest in aviation beshygan with his observations of Henry L Call in 1908 Call originally a New York lawyer author and socialist had moved to Girard Kansas in February of 1908 in order to construct a large and ungainly flying machine powered by two 20-hp Curtiss B-4 engines Known as the Mayfly and The Chicken (among other colorful names) the airshycraft failed to fly despite modification Call enjoyed the support of the nashytional socialist newspaper An Appeal to Reason and constructed several aircraft under the aegis of The Aerial Navigashytion Company of America starting in 1908 before the company changed its name

Beginning in 1911 Call manushyfactured two-cylinder and fourshycylinder horizontally opposed air-cooled engines which h e marshyketed to would-be aviators through

28 JUNE 2007

BY WESLEY SMITH

advertisements (primarily in Aircraft and Fly magazines published by Alshyfred W Lawson of 1920 Lawson Airshyliner fame) The two-cylinder Call was rated at 45 hp and the four-cylshyinder engine was rated at 90 hp Call engines were among the first aircraft engine to be fitted with mufflers an individual muffler being attached to the exhaust port of each cylinder

With his brother EJ Longren and a mechanic named William Janeke Longren constructed a Curtiss-type pusher biplane in Topeka Kansas Beshygun in the summer of 1910 the Toshypeka I was not completed until the fall of 1911 Fitted with a 60-hp Hall-Scott A-2 a water-cooled V-8 the Topeka I became the first successful aircraft to be completed in the state of Kansas Longren made his first flight on Sepshytember 2 and on September 5 1911 he made two flights the first flight reaching about 225 feet in altitude and covering 15 miles and the secshyond reaching about 300 feet and covshyering six miles

Of course Longren was only one of numerous individuals who built Curtiss-type pushers Plans for early Herring-Curtiss machines were pubshylished in Aeronautics and other aviashytion periodicals as well as in books With some individual alterations many such aircraft were built in the United States prior to Americas entry into World War 1

At any rate Longren soon went into the exhibition business with

H Young renaming the Topeka I as the Dixie Flyer The words Dixie Flyer - AK Longren - Aviator were painted on the underside of the Topeka IDishyxie Flyers monoplane canard Between 1911 and 1914 Longren gave 1372 exhibition flights in Kansas Texas Oklahoma Nebraska and Colorado for the Young Aviation Co

In 1912 Longren built a second Curshytiss-type with a Hall-Scott A-2 This airshycraft incorporated the improvements Curtiss had made to his newer aircraft during 1911-1912 and in due course the mid-gap ailerons were moved to the trailing edges of the upper wing This aircraft was sold to Longrens forshymer student and friend Phil Billard who used it to give exhibition flights This aircraft sometimes known as the Topeka II was presented to the Kansas State Historical Society in 1938 where it still exists as a display

In the spring of 1914 Longren took time to marry Ms Dolly Trent Later that winter (1914-1915) Longren built his first entirely original aircraft design - a two-place tractor biplane again seshylecting the reliable Hall-Scott as the powerplant During an exhibition at the Dickson County Fair at Abilene on September 9 1915 the aircraft stalled on takeoff and was destroyed hitting an automobile that was leaving the fairshygrounds Longrens passenger was relashytively unscathed but Longren suffered a broken leg and several internal injuries

While recovering from his injushyries in early 1916 Longren with Phil

Billard began the construction of his fourth aircraft the Model G The Model G was a clean two-place tractor biplane with a strong resemblance to a Curtiss IN-4 In fact it was powered by a Curtiss OX-2 and was intended for sale to the warring European powers However only two were sold one to the Kansas National Guard the other being used for exhibition flights

Late in the year Longren built a small tractor biplane sometimes reshyferred to as the Longren Bus The conshystruction featured a three-ply wooden monocoque fuselage and was built for William Burt of Okmulgee Oklahoma A second machine was constructed for Lester Miller of Dallas Texas who inshytended to use the aircraft for aerobatic exhibitions By late 1917 Longren had moved on to another two-place design known as the Model H As in the case of the earlier Longren Bus the Model H used a wooden monocoque fuselage The Model H was powered by a Curshytiss 90-hp OX-5 engine unfortunately while on his way to Kansas City Misshysouri Longren suffered an engine failshyure near Wakarusa Kansas The aircraft was destroyed in a crash which proved fatal to a cow standing in the field in which Longren was forced down He was made to pay $10000 in restitution to the angry farmer After that interest in the Model H faded away

Late in 1917 Longren became involved with Frederick W Buck MD ME and applied for a posishytion as chief engineer with the Buck Aircraft and Munitions Co of Denshyver To what extent Longren became involved with Dr Buck is unknown Buck (a long with Elmer Sperry and later Charles F Kettering at DaytonshyWright) had plans to develop and sell an aerial torpedo - essentially a small 50-hp biplane cruise misshysile which was intended to fly on a preprogrammed course then shed its wings at the proper time and place depositing a bomb contained within the crude fuselage framework

Longrens career took another path after his debacle with the Model H After failing to establish a new airshycraft company in Overland Park Kansas Longren eventually took a

position at McCook Field as an airshycraft inspector The Great War had cost Longrens friend Phil Billard his life when he was killed in a flying accident while serving in Issoudun France Longrens position at McshyCook had allowed him the opportushynity to examine every domestic and foreign-built aircraft tested there unshytil the time of his departure in 1919 On June 17 1919 Longren formed the Longren Aircraft Corp in Topeka Kansas using a former woolen mill in the Oakland suburb as the site for the new corporation The first aircraft to come out of the plant was the rebuilt Model H now resurrected as the H-2 It is unclear as to how the H-2 differed from the earlier Model H but by midshy1920 Longren had gone in yet another direction with the construction of the two-place Model D-2 - a small aircraft powered by a three-cylinder Y conshyfiguration Lawrence Model B engine of 35-60 hp Within a year the D-2 had evolved to become the Longren Model AK Sport

Described in the pages of Aviashy

tion and Aerial Age Weekly (Volume 11 Number 12 Sept 291921 pages 336-337 and Volume 14 Numshyber 3 Sept 26 1921 pages 55-56 respectively) the two-place Longren Sport or Fibre Sport was a sensational design that incorporated the three-ply laminated wooden monocoque fuseshylage of the 1916 Longren Bus and the 1917 Model H and a set of folding biplane wings to facilitate storage It is unclear as to how the fuselage of the Sport may have differed from earshylier Longren monocoque construcshytion techniques if at all

However a 1925 Longren patent describes the use of diamond-shaped wood fibre shell (procured from the National Fibre Co) being covered with an additional two layers of wood laminations on either side The fushyselage was made in upper and lower halves using steam-pipe-heated conshycrete male and female molds clamped together using 6000 pounds of presshysure The sections were then trimmed and dried with special provision for humidity control before being joined

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 29

to a framework of grooved ash longeshyrons and formers The fuselage formshyers were made of three-ply materials engine-bearing formers were made of a seven-ply material The formers were in turn attached to the fuseshylage shells with screws Finally the fushyselage was varnished inside and out with Valspar varnish the exterior reshyceiving a coat of pigmented varnish before a final clear coat

Sold with both Lawrence Model Lshy2 three-cylinder Y-style and Anzani sixshycylinder radial engines the Longren Fibre Sport was flown in several notashyble Midwestern aviation events during the early 1920s During the American Legion Air Meet at Kansas City (Octoshyber 31 - November 3 1921) the Sport made 38 consecutive loops while being flown by ND Trinler Two Sports were also flown during a special efficiency race held at Omaha Nebraska on Noshyvember 11 An AK Sport again flown by Trinler placed second with a speed of 7791 mph when flown over a 153shymile triangular course Later that Noshyvember two AK Sports were placed at the disposal of the Kansas City Star to deliver newspapers from Kansas City to Lawrence Kansas in record time During a game between the Missouri Tigers and the Kansasjayhawks a teleshygraph wired a play-by-play account of the football game to the Stars office The newspapers were then promptly set printed and delivered via aircraft to the Lawrence street vendors beshyfore departing fans were even able to reach their homes

After establishing a climb record for Longren aircraft in 1922 the Longren Sport attracted the attention of customshyers from as far away as China and the Soviet Union In 1923 the US Navy became interested and on February 19 1924 Lt jB Kneip flew the accepshytance tests for the first of three Lonshygren AK Sports that were sold to the Navy (serial numbered A6745 through A6747) The first machine was shipped to Washington DC for testing at the Anacostia Naval Air Station while the other two were delivered to Pensacola However documentation of their subshysequent testing and use by the Navy remains elusive

30 JUNE 2007

Photos of Longren Sports and the later NL-13 show the distinctive Lonshygren company logo painted on the side of the fuselage and perhaps a few words need to be said about it This consisted of four capital ilLs joined at the top of each letter This formed a crux gammata or swastika although the direction the letters pointed was counter-clockshywise as opposed the symbols use on aircraft flown by Nazi Germany in which the bottom of the ilLs point in a clockwise direction Prior to its adoption by the Nazi Party this ancient symbol was seen as far afield at the Southwestshyern United States where it was a sacred symbol of Native Americans and in Inshydia and in Runic Europe During The Great War the Indian head emblem of Seaplane Pilots Association (SPA) 124 included a crux gammata as part of the headdress worn by the Native Amerishycan chief tan In its time and place it was considered as a symbol of good forshytune and was in no way considered to be an insult In fact after World War I Finland adopted a grayish-blue crux

gammata inscribed within a white circle as the national insignia for its aircraft In Longrens case the ilL was inscribed with a second ilL and the rest of the letters in Longrens surname In addishytion to that a circular logo and was placed at the center of the emblem to which a set of wings and a propeller reached out to a point near the tips of the ilLs So as it turns out the Lonshygren swastika was covered by what might roughly be considered a crux

immissa or crucifix Longren had no connections to fascist idealism The company logo which originated in the Midwest in the early 20s was simply a clever play on the primary letter in Longrens surname

No matter how good an aircraft the Longren Sport was the company could not survive on such limited orders and the last aircraft was sold in May of 1924 The remaining company assets patents and facilities were sold at an auction in March 1926 The Longren Sport was resurrected briefly in 1928 when the American Eagle Aircraft Corporation of Kansas City Missouri built a solitary aircraft as the Model A-429 However the aircraft was much different than the

original Longren Sport and the design was not pursued further Following the collapse of his company Longren was hired by Willis Brown to become viceshypresident of production at the Spartan Aircraft Co in Tulsa When Brown left in 1929 Longren also moved on to beshycome a design consultant at the Butshyler Manufacturing Co at Kansas City Butler had planned to manufacture the Butler Blackhawk biplane However the company was unable to do this and all manufacturing was halted in 1931 At this pOint Longren made a deal to build a new airplane -- the NL-13

Registered as X12538 and sporting the distinctive Longren fuselage logo the NL-13 (NL possibly standing for New Longren) fuselage was built usshying a new machine-forming method for heat-treated duralumin sheets The upper and lower fuselage halves of the 1932 NL-13 biplane were joined to T-shaped longerons and riveted toshygether Fuselage formers also made of liT cross-section were riveted to the halves creating a very strong duralushymin semi-monocoque fuselage Like the earlier Longren AK the NL-13 had twin side-by-side seating The powerplant of the aircraft was a Martin 333 of 120 hp With the exception of the wing spars the NL-13 was of all-metal construction the wings being fabric covered

The aircraft was first tested by George Gay in August of 1932 At that time Gay worked for the aeronautics branch of the Civil Aeronautics Administrashytion (CAA) The aircraft was found to be slightly tail-heavy This was cured by a slight stabilizer adjustment The engine also suffered from a slight overshyheating problem This was corrected by enlarging the cooling louvers and subshystituting the original propeller with anshyother type

The NL-13 had a span of 28 feet and a length of 22 feet Apparently the goal of the NL-13 was to obtain a military contract After further testing at Roosshyevelt Field Long Island New York the fuselage of the NL-13 was sold to the United States Army Air Corps and underwent stress evaluation at Wright Field Dayton OhiO in june 1933 After slight modification to some of the stiff-

continued on page 37

Flying to me is all about having fun Its grass strips and old

friends and old airplanes The folks at AUA understand my kind

of flying and my kind of airplanes They provide great service

at very good rates and they know me as an individual not just

a policy number

- Darrell Jenkins

Dan-ell Jenkins Heber Springs AR

bull Private pilot single-engine land and sea

bull 500 hours total shy300 in taildraggers

bull Current aircraft 1948 Ercoupe 415-E

AUA is Vintage Aircraft Association approved To become a member of VAA call 800middot843middot3612

AUAs Exclusive fAA Vintage AircraftJUsociation Insurance Program

Lower liability and hull premiums - Medical payments induded - Fleet discounts for multiple aircraft carrying all risk coverages

continued from page 3

EAA Seeks to Preserve Access to Repair Station Services

EAA cautions that proposed aircraft repair station certification regulations could harm many small general aviashytion shops and adversely affect airshycraft owners seeking to maintain the airworthiness of their aircraft

The FAA estimates the cost for deshyveloping and implementing a new quality system called for by the proshyposed regulations at $34500 per reshypair station Many small operations cannot afford such an expense and it could force some to close their doors

We fear that these requirements would ultimately result in diminshyished availability of qualified and experienced maintenance expertise especially for the vintage fleet said Earl Lawrence EAA vice president of industry and regulatory affairs Airshycraft owners could be forced to use maintenance facilities with less speshycialized experience on their aircraft type making it more difficult to comshyplete major repairs and changes to small aircraft potentially impacting safety as well

EAA also questions the feasibility of requiring repair stations to mainshytain an approved capability list for each make series and model of airshycraft its permitted to work on Many small operators often inspect and maintain virtually hundreds of airshycraft types creating an administrashytive nightmare

EAA is willing to discuss how the FAA could best address its quality concerns while ensuring the ownshyers of small aircraft continue to have ready access to repair station services One suggestion EAA proposed is to exempt or lessen requirements for smaller shops with fewer than a given number of employees

EAAs full comments can be found at wwwEAAorgcommunications eaanewsRepa ir_Station_NPRM_Draftpdf The notice of proposed rulemaking is at httpDMSESDOTgovdocimages pdf99431749_webpdf 32 JUNE 2007

Young Eagle 13 Million Hails From New Mexico

Arlene Martinez in the right seat with volunteer Young Eagles pilot Paul Rachels

The EAA Young Eagles program the worlds most successful youth aviation initiative ever has registered the 13-millionth Young Eagle flown She is Arlene Martinez age 12 of Yuma Arizona who took her flight on March 17 at Somerton Airport (54AZ) in a Cessna 170 piloted by Paul Rachels EAA 633950 Rachels is president and Young Eagles coordinator for Yuma EAA Chapter 590

Arlene was very enthusiastic said Rachels who has flown 123 Young Eagles She definitely enjoyed the flight and would like to do it again He always gets a kick out of how kids react to their special flights Its as incredible an experience

for me as it is for them and I have 700 hours of flight time Steve Buss EAA Young Eagles executive director called it another important

milestone for the program which this year marks its 15th anniversary year-the birthday will be marked at AirVenture this year Its wonderful to recognize Paul and Arlenes flight but we also applaud the outstanding continuing support and enthusiasm for Young Eagles by our members We extend our congratulations to all who have helped the program reach this unprecedented level of participation

Nominations Due June 15 for EAA Young Eagles Awards Each year EAA honors several special volunteers at EAA AirVenture with the

annual Young Eagles awards and theres still time to nominate a deserving pershyson for 2007

Nominations for the following awards are being accepted through June 15

bull Chapter Coordinator bull Field Representative bull Ground Support Volunteer bull Young Eagles Humanitarian (presented for efforts to reach special needs

Young Eagles) bull Young Eagles Horizon Award (recognizing efforts to go beyond the basic

Young Eagles flight) Awards will be presented at a special ceremony held at EAA AirVenture Museshy

ums Eagle Hangar on Wednesday July 25 To download the official nomination form visit wwwYoungEaglesorgvolunteersaward_nominationpdf

BY BUCK HILBERT

The very beginning of airworthiness certificates pilot certificates

For many years Ive talked and writshy barnstormers and promote some ten about the beginnings of the Aero order and safety to their flying It had Club of America (ACA) now known one other side effect No record atshyas the National Aeronautic Associashy tempt or air show (or air meet as they tion (NAA) Ive explained how this were called back then) could be staged pioneer era appointed Orville Wright without the approval of the Aero as the chairman of the Contest amp Reshy Club which was affiliated with the cords Board and how a pilot registrashy international governing body the Feshytion program came into being deration Aeronautique Internationale

The World War I pilots returning (FAI) The contestant was required to home were barnstorming and othershy be a member of the Aero Club which wise doing their best to make a living then issued a certification to the pishyin aviation That led to attempts to lot Hence the FAlSporting License register and somehow civilize these old-timers would show was signed by

Certifying Aircraft and Pilots

AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATE IauecI to VIlICElll ASTOR Arw 23 W 26th Sl BYCit shy

m~ts CnltiUs that the Aircraft described below has been Inspected and found AiruIo~ for daylight llyin on AJIlI 0VEIl WUER OKLY

For the Fl)1nA Season of 1922 ~- ~-=l1=~== Cmlampato NJiI~_ _ -- UND ElV1UTEIS~OIlIS Iae

o o-_pmiIyenr3~J__I922 III _ - ~ t

_ _ Mri N=A1fefJ~mATE WAmR AmClWr _ _______ 1 - PQRIlrASRDWTCJN l T bull Y

N_- 01 AlOft to 5 M- 1-1 AJkwL c 9on MuwLOEBDIG AERO ElIGR C~IIoTNo 23-t SodoIH9~iF--__ 0- 30 pr 3 I~ _ 42 PT 6 U __ n 8 Pr _ 2700 4100 II UMIwI 1400 shy_ 130 M _Cd 20000 hlln_H_ 2S_ _ T LIBRRrY I I OBE __ US 32230 __ Do 5 000 - JfAJlJODS JULY 7 1922

Orville Wright It was a requirement of the federal government No federal requirement for a pilots certificate would come into being until the Air Commerce Act gave that authority and responsibility to the Department of Commerce on May 20 1926

In all of the information Ive read on the early days of the ACA later the NAA there was never any menshytion of aircraft standards or airworshythiness certificates I never quesshytioned it and as a matter of fact I never gave it a thought

Then along comes friend and Vinshytage member Mitch Wohl from Barrington Illinois and he drops two books on my desk The first one I picked up was titled A Symbol of Safety This book was first published in 1923 and tells all about the foundshying of the Underwriters Laboratories (UL) Reprinted in 1995 it goes into great detail as to the history of UL I found it very interesting

The second book published on the 100th anniversary of Underwritshyers Laboratories in 1994 amplifies a bit of the material that was pub-

This airworthiness certificate was issued by an Underwriters Laborashytories inspector Maj J W Jones who deemed the Loening Air Yacht of Vincent Astor to be in airworthy condishytion It is restricted to dayligbt flying and over water only Heres a photo of its sister ship from the 1922 Airshycraft Yearbook

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 3 3

Loening monoplane Flying Yacht 100 hp Liberty engine which made a world record for aHitude with three passengers and pilot 19500 feet

lished in the 1923 book Its entire theme is Making the World Safe for Technology What a revelation both regarding the organization s history in general and its involveshyment in aviation

The real beginnings were at the 1893 Worlds Fair at the Great White City in Chicago The Electricity Building had frequent visits by the fire brigade in response to the new alshyternating current electricity displays catching fire and causing problems It was then that William Henry Merrill began his testing lab which proved

electricity could be a servant rather than a master

Our only function is to serve not to profit We are doing someshything for manufacturers buyers and property owners everywhere We are doing things for humanity was a direct quote from Merrill This was the beginning of the lab The lab was funded by corporations that wanted their products tested as well as by the insurance underwriters themselves

From 1893 through 1905 the budshyget expanded from a mere $3000 to more than $300000 During that

The book goes into

great detail

as to physical

standards for

airmen There were

all sorts of tests

for altitude tolerance

fatigue and eyesight

and their standards

specify annual physicals

rAiLW~eeL5

srlINSON 15 JOCII~Y

34 JUNE 2007

time more than 7500 reports were published the lab moved to larger quarters it was chartered in Illinois and the landmark inspection and label service was established Within two years UL inspectors were at work in 67 citshyies UL got into everything electrical fire prevention fire extinguishers automobiles oil and gasses and transportashytion as well Thats where we come in airplanes

When the first commercial airplane takes off here in the USA in the 20s UL registers airplanes certifies pilots and issues the now rather quaint-sounding Rules of the Air

Im getting ahead of the full story but in a nutshell the National Aircraft Underwriters Association proposed and requested UL become the custodian of the official register of all aircraft pilots (other than government pilots) and take full charge of all details connected therewith

UL undertook this branch of the work on July I 1921 The book goes into great detail as to physical stanshy

dards for airmen There were all sorts of tests for altitude tolerance fatigue and eyesight and their standards specify annual physicals

No wonder the early birds were considered supermen The next step was to create a register of commercial and private aircraft On May I 1922 UL began a nationwide inspection service in order to make it possible to issue cershytificates of airworthiness for individual aircraft The details of the inspections and the people employed to conduct them is an early Whos Who in aviation The inspections were very stringent and as demanding for the aircraft as they were for the pilots

And that dear friends is the story of the first airworshythiness certificates They were all issued long before the Department of Commerce became involved and of course long before the creation of the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) and the Federal Aviation Administration

Little by little the freedoms of flight have been whittled down and the myriad of Federal Aviation Regulations we live with came about but here fellow pilots and aircraft owners was the very beginning and it was the insurance people who started it all I(

Over to you (( ~((~

~ Call to order your copies today

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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 35

BY HG FRAUTSCHY

THIS MONTHS MYSTERY PLANE PHOTO IS A BIT OF A MULLIGAN FOR THOSE OF YOU

WHO HAVE ENJOYED L1GHTPLANES FOR A NUMBER OF YEARS STILL NOT MUCH IS PUBLISHED ABOUT THIS RATHER ATTRACTIVE AMPHIBIAN

Send your answer to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box You can also send your response via e-mail Send 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Your answer needs your answer to mysteryplaneeaaorg Be sure to include to be in no later than July 15 for inclusion in the your name city and state in the body of your note and September 2007 issue of Vintage Airplane put I(Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line

MARCH S MYSTERY ANSWER

36 J UN E 2007

nology olph Dope

Heres a little about the March Mystery Plane

The subject Mystery Plane apshypears to be the Longren NL-13 sin 2 X12538 built in 1932 by Albin K Longren (1882-1950) in Kansas City Missouri Longren had been a design consultant for Butler Manushyfacturing Co during the certificashytion of the Butler Blackhawk and built the NL-13 in the Butler facility with help from Butler employees Butler had ceased production by that time in the depths of the Great Depression The NL-13 had an allshy

wing spars and the fabric wing covshyering The engine was a 120-hp Marshytin 333 inve rted inline with four cylinders The X12538 was the only NL-13 built and was not successful in reaching production although it was an ea rly example of formed alushyminum aircraft structures

My information comes from Aeroshyfilescom and from Chuck (Charles E) Lebrechts fine article entitled AK Longren - Pioneer Airman of the West published in American Aviation Historishycal Society Journal Vol26 No4 Winshyter 1981 pp258-270 Lebrechts article gives a great vjew of Longrens career as an aircraft designer and manufacturer

Jack Erickson State College Pennsylvania Other correct answers were reshy

ceived from WaIt House Wichshyita Kansas George Otto Snook Monroe Michigan John Miller Wamego Kansas Cam Bla ze r Leawood Kansas An extensive arshyticle on the airplane and AK Lonshygren written by Wesley Smith is also included in this issue of Vinshytage Airplane

metal airframe except for wooden 1---------------------------------shy

eners and bulkheads the NL-13 fuselage had a safety factor able to absorb 1683g

ahead of the center of gravity (CG) and 11g aft of the CG

This made the fuselage of the NL-13 considerably stronger than that of the Stearman YBT-3 Boeing P-26A Conshysolidated P-30 and Boeing P-12B with which it was compared the YBT-3 having a maximum g-Ioading potential of 109

both fore and aft of the CG While the reshyport recommended the possible adoption of Longrens construction techniques orshyders for the NL-13 were not forthcoming and no further examples were built

With the demise of Butler Longren went to work for himself using a porshytion of the former Butler factory at the Kansas City Municipal Airport In 1933-34 Longren did the initial metal work on the Luscombe Phantom and developed metal-working techniques with his partner Ivan Driggs Plans for opening another aircraft factory were put on hold when Cessn a reopened their Wichita Kansas facility in 1934 for production of the Cessna C-34 Cessna hired Longren as vjce-president a posishy

tion that he held until 1939 when he moved to Torrance California to open the Longren Aircraft Company

While Longren built no further airshycraft he became a successful subconshytractor of prefabricated components for other aircraft manufacturers After the end of World War II Longren sold his company and retired to a 3OOO-acre ranch at Adin Ca lifornia where he passed away due to a heart condition on Nov 19 1950 at age 68

The defini tive Longren article was written by Mr Charles E Lebrecht and was published in the Winter 1981 edishytion of the American Aviation Historical Society Journal (Volume 26 Number 4 pages 258-270) I am indebted to Mr Lebrechts excellent research for the inshyformation in this piece Further informashytion on AK Longren can be found in the pages of Aviation Quarterly (Mace Kenshyneth D Pioneer Airmen ofKansas Volshyume 5 Number 2 Second Quarter 1979 pages 152-163) Mr Maces article is also quite well-written and contains severshyal beautiful photos of Longrens aircraft as well as the 1908 Call Mayfly

VINTAGE A I RPLANE 37

The fo llowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter of information only and does not constishytute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed To submit an event send the information via mail to Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Or e-mail the information to vintageaircrafteaaorg Information should be received four months prior to the event date

JUNE S-IO-Union IL-Poplar Grove Airport Army Wings and Wheels Info Vintage Wings amp Wheels Museum 815-547middot3115 Tom Murray hiwheelsbcglobalnet

JUNE 14-17-St Louis MO-Dauster Flying Field Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) American Waco Club Flymiddotln Info Phil Coulson 269shy624-6490 or rcoulson516cscom www americanwacoclubcom

JUNE 20-2l--Lock Haven PA-William T Piper Memorial Airport (LHV) Sentimental Journey Fly-In Family oriented fly-in featuring antique and classic aircraft of all makes and models especially PIPERS Seminars vendors food camping and entertainment daily Come for the day or the week Call 570-893-4200 or 748shy5123 for more information j3cubkcnet org wwwsentimentaljourneyfly-incom

JUNE 21-24-Mt Vernon Ohio-Wynkoop Airport (6G4) 48th Annual National Waco Club Reunion Check www nationalwacoclubcom for more information and contact information Or email call Andy Heins 937 313 5931 wacoasoaolcom

JUNE 22-24-Gardner KA-Gardner Municipal Airport (K34) Greater KC VAA Chapter 16 Fly-in Contact Kevin Pratt 816-985-3248

JUNE 23-Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

JUNE 30-Chetek WI-The Chetek WI (Y23) 9AM car show craft fair and show a professional horse pull and a water ski show Plenty of food and drink available throughout the day For more info contact Chuck Harrison 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet or Tim Knutson 715-237shy2477 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

JUNE 31-Russellville KY- Russellville-Logan County Airport (4M7) 9th Annual All You Can Eat BarBQ Lunch 1100am - 200pm Rain Date July 5th Aircraft displays skydiving door prizes Everyone welcome For more information eaal165yahoo com wwwangelfirecom ky3 eaal165 Joe Lawrence 270-726-1558

JULY 4-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-llam For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

JULY 6-8--All iance Oh (2Dl)-Taylorcraft and Ohio Aeronca Aviators Fly-In See the airplanes built in Alliance OH amp Middletown

38 JU N E 2007

OH and the people that built them Camping motels food all day fbarberalliancelinkcom 330823-1168 bwmatzllacyahoocom 216 337-5643 httpwwwoaafy-incom see wwwbarberaircraftcom for airport diagrams Breakfast served Sat amp Sun 7AM to 11AM by EM Chapter 82

JULY 14-Zanesville OH-Parr Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

AUGUST 5-Queen City MO-Applegate Airport (15MO) 20th Annual Watermelon Fly-In amp BBQ 2pm til dark Come and see grass roots aviation at its best Info 660-766-2644

AUGUST S-Chetek WI-Southworth Municipal airport (Y23) BBQ Fly-In 1030am Warbird displays antique and unique airplanes antique amp collector car displays and raffles for airplane rides Procedes will be given to local charities Info Chuck Harrison - Office 715-924shy4501 Cell 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet Tim Knutson - Home 715-237-2477 Cell 651-308-2839 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

AUGUST 17-19--McMinnville OR-25th Annual West Coast Travel Air Reunion Come Celebrate the Rebirth of the Travel Air Expected to be the largest gathering of Vintage Travel Airs in recent times Held in conjunction with the Northwest Antique Airplane Club Event Info Bruce McElhoe 559-638-3746

AUGUST 18--Forest Lake MN-(25D)-Airport Fly-in and Open House lOam - 4pm 24shyhour gas and 24-hour grass 3000-foot 31 13 Forest Lake Lions serve brats corn-ltgtn-the-cob and ice cream 100LL is available John Schmidt EM 250021 St Paul Minnesota 651 776 1717

AUGUST IS-I9-Long Island NY- Bayport (23N) Annual Antique Aeroplane Fly-In Old time movies popcorn pig roast flour bomb drop and spot landing contest with the days ending in the in famous Sheep Shagger Baa For more info wwwAACGNY org or email Stuart Bain at Sbain emediaofny com

AUGUST 19-Brookfield WI-Capitol Airport (02C) Ice Cream Social and vintage Aircraft Display VAA Chapter 11 Dean London 262-442-4622

AUGUST 2S-Niles MI-Jerry Tyler Memorial Airport (3TR) VAA Chapter 35 Annual Corn amp Sausage Roast Lunch served 1100am

to 300 pm Rain date on Sunday August 26th Donations of $500 for adults and $300 for children under 12 Contact Len Jansen tripacerlenyahoocom

SEPTEMBER I -Marion IN-Marion Municipal Airport (MZZ) 17th Annual Fly-In Cruise-In 700am until 200pm This annual event features antique classic homebuilt ultralight and warbird aircraft as well as vintage cars trucks motorcycles and tractors An all-you-can-eat Pancake Breakfast is served with all proceeds going to the local Marion High School Marching Band wwwFlylnCruiselncomlnfo Ray Johnson (765) 664-2588 or rjohnson indyrrcom

SEPTEMBER I -Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $2 50 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer Phone (740) 454-7487

SEPTEMBER 2-Mondovi WI-21st Annual Log Cabin Airport Fly-In Doug Ward Owner Operator 715-287-4205 Lunch noon

SEPTEMBER 8-Newark Ohio-NewarkshyHeath Airport (VTA) Annual Fly-In DriveshyIn Breakfast Pancakes and More Young Eagles Flights Vintage Airplanes Classic Cars Tom McFadden 740-587shy2312 email EAA402adelphianet

SEPTEMBER 9-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-12pm For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

SEPTEMBER 21-22- Bartlesville OK-Frank Phillips Field (BVO) 51st Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-In Antiques Classics Light Sport Warbirds Forum Type Clubs Info Charlie Harris 918-622shy8400 wwwtulsafyincom

OCTOBER 5-7-Camden SC-Kershaw County Airport (KCDN) VAA Chapter 3 Fall Fly-In All classes welcome BBQ on field Fri Evening EAA judging all classes Sat Banquet Sat Nite Info Jim Wilson 843-753-7138 or eiwilson homexpresswaynet

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OCTOBER IO-I4-Tuliahoma TN- Beech Birthday Party 2007 Staggerwing Twin Beech 18 Bonanza Baron Beech ownersamp enthusiasts Info 931shy455-1974

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~oNO~Y )JY 13

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There seems to be two distinctly different types of people in the world of little airplanes those who love and adore the Aeronca Chief and those who wouldnt know an Aeronca Chief if they found it floating in their coffee Its not a question of liking it or disliking it because its one of those airplanes that has such a low recognition factor that a relatively

small percentage of the pilot popushylation even knows it exists In some ways thats a good thing because it has helped keep the prices down for those who want a Chief of their own One of those is Danny Poulton of Belshyton South Carolina

The Poultons Chief is not your avshyerage Chief Were all used to seeing the 11AC (65 hp) or the 11CC (85 hp)

-the postwar Super Chief-but theirs is an lIBe Were not sure it ever carshyried a name but maybe we should call it the Not-Quite-Super-Chief It came out of the factory in 1947 with a C8S-8 which meant no provisions for a starter Not a normal one anyway It had a McDowell starter which was a combination of ratcheted sprockets and a lever that worked very much like the pull starter on a lawn mower with the cable going back to a hanshydle in the cockpit By the time Danny bought the airplane as a project in Michigan the starter had long since disappeared In fact everything fireshywall-forward had disappeared But were getting ahead of ourselves

Danny had owned a number of airplanes in the past and in fact had learned to fly while he was still in high school

We had aviation on my moms side of the family he says My unshycle was an airframe and powerplant mechanic (AampP) and a fUll -time corshyporate pilot and he encouraged me

He progressed through a number of airplanes most of them some varishyation of the Piper PA-28 line includshying an Arrow although a 63 C-l72 did follow him home one day

I met Donna and aviation beshycame part of our life he says In fact we were married in a 421 Cessna at five thousand feet over Anderson South Carolina

Danny didnt get into vintage airshyplanes until four years ago with the Chief It was a form of therapy because he was on a crusade to lose weight

I had let myself balloon up to 460 pounds and if I was going to live I had to lose the weight I had two sons Dale and JD and a wonderful wife and I didnt want to lose all of that just beshycause I was overweight So I started looking for an airplane to rebuild as a way to keep myself busy We live on an airpark and we had a great guy Gene Richburg living just down the runshyway from us He was 82 years old at the time and knew everything there was to know about rebuilding airplanes and he volunteered to help me

So Danny launched on two projshyects at the same time both of them

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 17

Danny Poulton holds open the top cowl to reveal the Continental C-SS installation It appears Danny has decided not to trust his Chief mechanical fuel gauges which are known to be troublesome and is using an old standby the wire and cork float gauge so common prior to World War II

In keeping with the restrained nature of Dannys customized Chief a few nice touches such as the upholstered side panels and polished control wheel caps brighten up the otherwise original-looking cabin Look closely and you can see the toe brake pedals on the pilots side of the cockpit Those pedals are seen only on the UBC UCC and lSAC Sedan

The tubular structure of the landing gear is covered with an aluminum fairshying leading to a nicely finished pair of replica fiberglass wheelpants The small cable attached to the trailing edge of the landing gear is a safety cable It was originally installed in case of a failshyure of the originally installed phenolic piston within the oleo strut Later after an airworthiness directive (47-20-02) and Aeronca Service Helps and Hints No 12 required changing the phenoshylic part to one made of aluminum the need for the cable was negated but most owners keep it just in case

monumental The first was to lose weight and the second to find a projshyect that fit his goals and skill levels

I didnt look long and actually found the Chief on eBay It belonged to an AampP in Michigan who had started to rebuild it and then decided to put it up for sale I hadnt done anything like this before so I was reshyally not sure of what I was doing but I hooked up my trailer and headed up to Michigan to buy the Chief That was in July of 2003

What he saw when he got to Michshyigan was enough to encourage him so he loaded it up and brought it back to South Carolina As is always the case however he wouldnt really know what he had until he did a thorshyough inventory back home

The large dorsal fin on the llBC Chief (also used on the UCC) makes identifishycation of the higher-horsepower Chiefs a bit easier

18 JUNE 2007

When we unloaded at home Gene came over and we spread the entire collecshytion of stuff out to see what was missing and what kind of work was going to be needed In general the airshyframe was actually in great shape because the AampP

had already started workshying on it and had finished the major compon ents The wings were more or less complete and fini shed

and the work was beautiful About all th ey needed were the leading edges and to be covered

The fuselag e tubing had been cleaned and painted and most of the fuselage wood was usable too Part of the airplanes condition is probshyably because it had only 400 hours on it and had spent most of its life stored inside somewhere We dont have much of the airplane s history but you could see by looking at the wood and steel that it hadnt been left outside to rot like so many Chiefs have been

When we were done inventorying it we found a lot of missing or unusshyable stuff that I hadn t noticed when picking it up It had no tail wheel or wing struts and the doors were not only the wrong doors but were badly crushed There were no control yokes and all of the logos were missing Same thing for all of the interior upshyholstery boards Plus there was esshysentially nothing firewall-forward I

Its still easy for most of those who h ave restored airplanes to rememshyber what it was like in the days beshyfore computers The dozens of trips to fly-markets the phone calls and the constant surveillance of Trade-ashyPlane were not only aggravating but added a huge amount of time to finshyishing the project Danny came into the Vintage world PC post computer so he was able to take full advantage of cyber searching for parts

Besides buying the airplane on eBay that service proved to be a tershyrific source for some of the rarer parts I needed Among other things thats

Whats in a Model Number By HG Frautschy

The differences between the llBC Chief and the llCC Super Chief are tough to spot but in todays sport pilot market one distinction can spell the

difference between flying one and just owning one

Both airplanes are powered by the Continental C85-8 and both came equipped with the rather clever McDowell starter The McDowell was vilified by

some as being a cheap substitute for an electrical starter but having had one

for years on my Super Chief Id have to say it s one of the neatest inventions

added to the postwar lightplane If treated with respect and used in the way the manufacturer intended it worked perfectly It did have one design weakness

that could have been easily solved but it didnt last long enough on the market to make it that far

The McDowell was activated using a cable with a ball swaged on the end

Because of the way the ball and cable were retained in the starters pulley

sheave the cable would fray and then break just below the ball or an overly

enthusiastic pull on the starter cable would pull the ball right off the end If Mcshy

Dowell had used a small fitting inside the sheeve to allow for a straight pull on

the cable (and if the cable had a ball and shank swaged fitting) Im convinced the McDowell would have been much more popular

It allowed for a lightweight starter to be installed on an airplane intended to be flown by casual travelers who were interested in ease of use and safety

It allowed my wife and her instructor both petite women to independently fly

the airplane without requiring a flip of the prop by someone else As long as

the engine was in good tune and one could reasonably expect the airplane to start when the impulse magneto fired the McDowell was a great way to pul l

the prop through safely

The 11BC and 11CC interiors were similar with a slight edge going to the

llCC for a few interior appointments added to enhance the automobile-like

feel to the cockpit Hap Granier the designer of the interior of all three postwar Aeroncas worked his magic on the Chiefs to give them a small sedan or coupe

feeling Bedford whipcord upholstery and side panels the zebrawood pattern wood-gra in-printed instrument panel and control wheels instead of control

sticks all contributed to that atmosphere

Both the 11CC and 11BC featured a large dorsal fin but the 11CC had a

different elevator stabilizer configuration That fact is sometimes lost on reshy

storers and aircraft modifiers who incorrectly (and illegally) put the earlier

11AC or llBC stab elevator combination on an llCC The 11CC has an aeroshy

dynamically balanced elevator designed to meet the hands-off gliding speed requirements of the then-new CAR 03 regulations Aeronca also had the llCC

certified in the Utility category as well as the Normal category with maximum gross weights of 1 290 and 1 350 pounds respectively That right there is a major difference in the airplanes as they are viewed in the market today The 11BC with a maximum gross weight of 1250 pounds is sport pilot eligible

while the llCC by virtue of its 1350 weight is not Interestingly a few llCC additions made it into the llBC as well Both

Chiefs as well as the four-place Aeronca Sedan shared the same rudder brake pedals with toe brakes instead of the heel brakes seen on the Champ Both feature flight characteristics similar to the Champ with the Chiefs having

the edge when it comes to cross-country flights With a 70-pound baggage alshylowance and up to 23 gallons of fuel on board the Chief is a great traveling machine if you re not in a hurry But when you re flying something as pretty as

a Chief whos in a big hurry

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 1 9

BONNIE KRATZ

He Danny Poultons Aeronca Chief features a custom color scheme that is reminiscent of the original decoration composed by Hap Granier for Aeroncas4012E side-by-side personal airplane

where I~gOt~t~h~e~iiiiiiiiiiibullbullbullbull con- trol yoke covers with the Aeronca logos the ashshytrays the bezels and the air box for the cabin heat I even found the pishytot tube and hand brake on eBay If I would have had to physically search for all of that stuff Id probably still be looking

Wag-Aero came to the rescue in supplying the struts and wing leadshying edges

III was able to use most of the origishynal boot cowl but the original noseshybowl was really bad and was cut for the McDowell starter so I used an STCd fiberglass replacement If I find a good original I may change that

11Th is airplane came out of the facshytory with toe brakes which were with the airplane and I stayed with the mechanical brakes and just installed new pads You dont really need

20 JUNE 2007

brakes on the airshyplane for anything so they work just fine

Danny was planning on flying the airplane a lot and added a venturi so he could run an artificial horizon and added air vent holes

When we were doing the inteshyrior there was no kit available for the headliner so a neighbor Phyllis Dalshyton sewed one up using the original material found on Chiefs That was really tedious Then I made the side panels and covered them with Airtex fabric and had to fabricate a new bagshygage door and make the boards for the seats

The panel had already been cleaned so the wood grain was gone but I decided not to try to put it on I did however make two metal glove

compartments for it The sliding windows were

original to the airplane but the polished prop isnt I just thought it looked betshyter polished

When the airframe was done and ready to be covered Danny went with Poly-Fiber and shot it with Aeroshythane but not in the original colshyors or scheme

IIAirtex had some sample seat covers for the airplane that were inexpensive so I bought them and had the paint mixed to go with the seat covers Also the paint stripes arent original They

mimic the factory scheme but arent exact I should also mention that I had some help with the fabric from Larry and Phyllis Dalton who helped cover the airplane This was my first time and they made it easy

Since Danny had no engine he was starting from scratch in that area The original was a C8S-8 but with his papaerwork he found a Supplemental Type Certificate (STC) that opened interesting new avenues

There was part of an STC in our paperwork that would let me install a -12 engine and that would allow me to have an electric starter which I reshyally wanted The problem was that the STC wasnt complete Plus the -8 mount is

than the shy12 so its not

a plug-andshyplay

change and I

expected some problems

getting the papershywork straightened out

I called the Atshylanta Flight Stanshydards District Office and really

lucked out The Coshylumbia Federal Aviashy

tion Agency (FAA) field examiner came out looked the airplane over and said hed be happy to clean up the paperwork and submit it to Atlanta for me What I thought was going to be a problem turned out to be quite easy

Unfortunately Danny found out that things dont always go easy when restoring an airplane and his headaches came in the form of his first engine

I had two sons

Dale and lD

and a wonderful

wife and 1 didnt

want to lose all of

that just because

1 was overweight

So 1 started

looking for an

airplane to rebuild

as a way to keep

myself busy

I bought a C8S-12 that had been overhauled I had flown it for about 22 hours when one cylinder lost a lot of compression so we pulled the jug When we got inside we found that the rod was just banging around in there and was loose on the crank When we split the case we found the crank was badly scored and a lot of metal had gone through the engine so I had to find another one

The second engine was freshly overhauled by an FAA-certified shop

in 2000 after a prop strike The guy I bought it from was building a homebuilt and

was afraid that the engine was going to sit too long before his

project was completed so he sold it Everything checked out to be perfect and it has been humming along with no problems since day one

We flew the airplane for the first time July I 2006 and I had a local pilot Gary Dalton do the test hop I dont mind telling you that I was nershyvous watching it When I flew it for the first time I had only 10 hours of tailshywheel time Id logged while getting my tail wheel endorsement I was a little nervous then too but everything went beautifully When we flew it it was alshymost exactly three years to the day that we unloaded it from the trailer

When I started I guess I became a little compulsive about working on it Id eat in the hangar work until 10 or 11 every night and sometimes Id wake up in the middle of the night and go out and work on it When Id get home from church on Sunday Id change clothes and go out and get something done Im glad I did it that way because it really helped me with the other problem

In the process of restoring his Chief Danny met several goals The first was finishing and flying his own Chief but the second and more imshyportant was taking control of his life From the time he started the Chief to the time he flew it he lost 230 pounds and added no telling how many years to his life Most people have difficulty committing to just finishing an airshyplane so Danny is to be congratushylated for two jobs well done ~

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 21

~The Bmiddot thof

Creating a classic design BY CHESTER L PEEK PHD

Could you in three months time design and build a new light plane without tools or factory and with very little money Impossible you say But that is just what eG Tayshylor did in the spring of 1936 when he introduced the legendary Taylorshycraft to the aviation world Heres the story

In the last week of December 1935 eG Taylor was confined to his bed ill and completely discourshy

aged Days before he and Bill Piper Hangar at Butler Pennsylvania 1936 Still in use today had signed a legal document that dissolved their troubled partnership For Taylors share of the Taylor Cub company (which was in debt more than $90000) he received approximately $5000 to be paid out in small installments over three years

Byron Shinn knew Taylor well both as a customer and friend In a 1991 letter he describes Taylors situashytion and subsequent events

Back in the 1930s we had a small manufacturing comshypany located in one of the hangars on the Butler Pennsylvashynia airport called The Shinn Devices Company We made aluminum wheels for aircraft 4 bead diameter 700X4 tire and at that time sold them to most of the light aircraft manshyufacturers including the Taylor and Piper organization in Bradford Pennsylvania We had a quite complete machine shop and engineering design business I remember how Taylorcraft got started One very cold winter day probably in December 1935 I drove up to see Taylor in Bradford The roads were terrible ice coated and I almost had several acshycidents When I got there I found Taylor sick in bed and in a very discouraged frame of mind He had just been kicked out of his company by Piper and had little or no money or employment I told him with his abilities as an aircraft deshysigner and builder that he should certainly try to get back in the business and offered to help if I could

I went back to Butler and contacted D Bar Peat who was a promoter a very nice fellow who was running the Butler

Ken SchoHer about 1980 airport I asked if he could raise some money to start Tayshy22 JUNE 2007

TAYLORCRAFT BY C 6 TAYLOR PlmBUR6H-BUTLER AIRPORT BunER PA

STABLE FAST A NEW LIGHT PLANE ECONOMICAL LOWPRICED

First Taylorcraft ad February 1936 Aero Digest

First Taylorcraft specifications Photo is of a model

during the

Depression

you NEVER

left a job

Yet these men

deeply loyal

to Taylor

came with him

to this chancy

new venture Byron Shinn about 1936

TAYLORCRAFT Model A

ATe pendingB_ Span 36 (11 m) Length 22 (67 m) Heicht 6 8 (21 m) Wm area 169 fLgt (156 ml) Power Ioodiaa 2IS IbsJhp (118 kcJho) WioJ Ioadma 58 1bbullJIt (293 kcl) Weicht empty 570 Ibs (259 kg) U falload 420 Ibs (190 kc) Payload 181 lbo (82 kcl Gr weiht m lbo (449kcr Bant I Ibs (5 kg) Fuel 10 gals

~L~~L11t1iLk hp

~~~gtam~~hm~~49 kph) l~ mph (51h ) Semlte laquoiliaC 101000 ft (4260 m) imb per min 400 It (122 tn) Cruig rang 210 mi (371 1aD) ~ F welded eel tubg four JODIeIODS of proareqjve diameters wood faired and fabric conrcd removable maine mouat j streued fot SO hp installamiddot tion Wg two paDdJ bolted to fuselafefabric _ ~ oectioo With eJlipticalJy rOUDded tips JOlid apruce JPlrs

Zplace ATC

metal ribs fabricated from drawn NicraJ secshytions sinclc drag wire bracinc built-up metal frame ailerons fabric COYered and of the balanced type with DO exposed horns

=r~~brTc ~~ai~~~wd~ removable fin elentor and stabiliurs inshyterlthanaeable right or IefL Landing rear =evbsor~ closed~~~es color ocJlulosc finish with trim Two-place flex-wine seat 39 inches ide--by-lide cabin fabric lined and fire-wall sound proofed all control cables and fittinp in the cabin are fully enclosed Baggag compartment 6- X 9- X w- back of seaL

~~6oo-~~bS~ wbeds DuPont Pluticell 1rindJhield rulr her mounted illltrument pampDe1 ~ Aeromarinc altimeter U S 011

~~itfra~~ pass or other instnunmts extra

Carlson and Harold White who were engineers Ken Tibbits and Les Salshychow Parks College graduates along with mechanics Colby Carpenter and William Crawford All these men had good secure jobs with Piper and durshying the Depression you NEVER left a job Yet these men deeply loyal to Taylor came with him to this chancy new venture All would eventually rise to responsible executive posishytions with Taylorcraft

Ken Scholter a local mechanic was hired as a welder Contemposhyrary reports credit him with most of the welding on the new plane Forshytunately he was also an amateur photographer and documented the building process on film He furshynished most of the photos shown in this article

Shinn resumes I When Taylor came to Butler he had very little money we all had very little money at that time I believe he got a small settlement from Piper for his share of the Cub company This was in the depths of the Depresshysion We doled the money out a few dolshylars at a time and started to build the first plane We used our machine shop to make the draw bench to make the rib parts and to make most of the parts jigs and dies that required machining

An engineering department was set up I hired a draftsman when Ray Carlshyson moved down from Bradford Tayshylor and the mechanics would make the parts and then the draftsman would

lor up again in the airplane business He along with Col make the drawings We designed a new wheel for the plane Breckenridge and some others did raise a little money about lightweight and very strong being constructed of an alumishy$1000 as I recall enough to include the building of the jigs num stamping fastened to a cast aluminum end rim Tayshyand fixtures and the first plane We moved Taylor and his lor and I also developed the new tapered axle which was family to Butler rented him a house and started work in a lighter and less costly A new Goodrich tire size 600 x 6 vacant hangar on the Butler airport SeveraL of Taylors men was used from Bradford came with him II The plane was designed and built during the first four

Actually six key Bradford employees left Piper and to five months of 1936 This must have been some sort of joined Taylor in the new enterprise They were Ray record When the plane was finished the test pilot Tibbits

VINTA GE A IR PLANE 23

One day we came to work

to find trucks backed up

to the hangar and Taylor

hauling away all the

Taylorcraft parts Batch of Shinn 800 x 4 wheelsjigs and fixtures

started the test flights First he taxied the plane up and down the runway then flew it the length of the runway just off the ground then made flights a bit higher and finally made circuits The plane flew very well but would not stall The CAA required proper recovery from a stall so Taylor worked on the horizontal tail surfaces so that a stall could be induced and the plane passed the CAA tests

Taylor was a design genius The CAA had just released a new-design wing curve and Taylor was the first I

ffi believe to use it The wing curve was ~ ~ faster and had a soft stall ~ This was the NACA 23012 airfoil z ~ Taylor once told the author that in

Fuselage structure 1935 he built a set of wings for the Cub using that airfoil but Piper veshytoed the change They were hanging on a wall when the Bradford factory burned in 1937

Shinn says I started an advertising campaign beginning with a very small ad in Aero Digest saying IISomething new is coming in Aviation The next ads told a little more People were very enthusiastic about the new plane It was much advanced over the Cub beshying faster with side-by-side seating and wheel controls Before long we had reshyceived down payments from over 50 customers $200 each as I recall This

ffi was due to correspondence with old ~ ~ Taylor Cub dealers and the Aero Dishy~ z gest ad In a 1992 interview Bob UJ

Taylor eGs son confirmed thisWing details He remembered his father waking

24 JUNE 2007

First A-40 run-up May 1936

him up one night in Butler and showing him $10000 in down payments

The first ad appeared in the February issue of Aero Digest and is shown on this page A later ad showed a photo of the plane but since no plane had been comshypleted at that time it was actually a snapshot of a model CG Taylor built on his kitchen table First the new trademark Taylorcraft was used but when Beechcraft threatened legal action claiming Taylorcraft sounded too much like Beechcraft the ads were changed to read Airplanes by GG Taylor However they resumed us-

CG Taylor and a Model ATaylorcraft 1936

ing the Taylorcraft name after sevshyeral months

Shinn continues D Bar Peat was always trying to promote the plane On Sundays they would put on an air show at the Butler airport and 200 to 300 people would atshytend Som e way he got the Taylorshycraft to lead the way when all the planes taxied by the grandstand at the Cleveland Air Races

Meanwhile in the hangar facshytory the prototype plane was beshying rushed to completion but not fast enough to suit Taylor He

once told the author I was away ~ from the plant for three days havshyo ~ ing given instructions to complete sect the engine mount When I returned

it was not done I hung the engine in the right place with a chain hoist we

cut the tubing to (it and it was done in an hour On May 1 the Continental A-40 engine SIN 635

was run up for the first time then on May 8 Taylor signed an application for an experimental certificate Only eight days later on Saturday May 16 CAA inshyspector RA Young witnessed the test flight and issued certificate X-16393 to the first Taylorcraft SIN 25 Apshyproximately three months had elapsed from the time construction was started until the new plane was airshyborne A remarkable achievement

It was a beautiful plane sleek and streamlined a far VINTAGE AIRPLANE 25

Test flight of the first Taylorcraft May 1936

1 rryen~~A1~~~ )~ ~- shyITS A - -=- (=- = --- I FAF

BEAUTY 51495middot00-----shy~GRACEFULLY CONTINENTAL

STREAMLINED - - _ MOTOR

C G TAYL O R bull PlttsburqhmiddotBuUer Airport bull Bu tler Penna

April 1936 ad in Aero Digest

cry from Taylors boxy square-cornered E-2 Cub With side-by-side seating and wheel controls it rivaled much larger more expensive planes such as the Waco and Stinson Weight had been kept to a minimum the proshytotype weighed only 570 pounds It was much faster than the Cub The first prospective customers who flew the plane verified the advertised cruising speed of 80 mph In a race with two locals an Aeronca C-3 and a Kinner Fleet the Taylorcraft won easily

The investors at Butler were elated With nearly 100 orders and down payments received for their new plane they envisioned a rapid production buildup and the prospects of a thriving profitable enterprise Their faith however had been misplaced

Shinn continues But unknown to D Bar Peat and me Taylor had been talking to others about financing and a place to manufacture the plane One day we came to work to find trucks backed up to the hangar and Taylor haulshying away all the Taylorcraft parts jigs and fixtures They moved to Alliance Ohio where they got one years free rent on a large old airplane factory financing and tax breaks D Bar Peat and I retained a lawyer to try to get back our inshyvestment eventually getting back some shares ofTaylorcraft 26 JUNE 2007

stock instead of money And Piper quit buying my wheels and switched to Hayes

Happily Taylor and Shinn soon put their legal difshyferences behind them and remained good friends and business associates for many years

Shinn was not alone in his disappointment when the unexpected move came Scholter was out of a job In 1992 he made this comment They left Butler owing me almost a months pay which I never got But they did give me a very nice letter of recommendation

The Alliance Review newspaper proudly announced the arrival of the new aircraft enterprise in its July 9 1936 edition But that is a story for another day

Authors note When researching my book The Taylorcraft Story in

1992 I was privileged to personally interview four prishymary information sources regarding the Butler Pennshysylvania events eG Taylor Bob Taylor Ken Scholter and Byron Shinn The history above was taken from those interviews and contemporary newspaper articles

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LIN COL N MERCURY

EXTRA The Butler Manufacturing Co NL-I3 biplane

The March 2007 Mystery Plane is the 1932 Butler Manufacturing Co NL-13 biplane designed by Albin Kasper Longren (sometimes simply reshyferred to as the Longren NL-13)

AK Longren had a very long and interesting aviation career Born in a log cabin near Clay Center Kansas in 1882 he was the one of 14 children born to Swedish immigrant homeshystead farmers Charles and Emma Lonshygren In 1901 he took a business course from the International Corresponshydence School (ICS) which he followed up with an ICS diploma in mechanical engineering from 1907-1911

Longrens interest in aviation beshygan with his observations of Henry L Call in 1908 Call originally a New York lawyer author and socialist had moved to Girard Kansas in February of 1908 in order to construct a large and ungainly flying machine powered by two 20-hp Curtiss B-4 engines Known as the Mayfly and The Chicken (among other colorful names) the airshycraft failed to fly despite modification Call enjoyed the support of the nashytional socialist newspaper An Appeal to Reason and constructed several aircraft under the aegis of The Aerial Navigashytion Company of America starting in 1908 before the company changed its name

Beginning in 1911 Call manushyfactured two-cylinder and fourshycylinder horizontally opposed air-cooled engines which h e marshyketed to would-be aviators through

28 JUNE 2007

BY WESLEY SMITH

advertisements (primarily in Aircraft and Fly magazines published by Alshyfred W Lawson of 1920 Lawson Airshyliner fame) The two-cylinder Call was rated at 45 hp and the four-cylshyinder engine was rated at 90 hp Call engines were among the first aircraft engine to be fitted with mufflers an individual muffler being attached to the exhaust port of each cylinder

With his brother EJ Longren and a mechanic named William Janeke Longren constructed a Curtiss-type pusher biplane in Topeka Kansas Beshygun in the summer of 1910 the Toshypeka I was not completed until the fall of 1911 Fitted with a 60-hp Hall-Scott A-2 a water-cooled V-8 the Topeka I became the first successful aircraft to be completed in the state of Kansas Longren made his first flight on Sepshytember 2 and on September 5 1911 he made two flights the first flight reaching about 225 feet in altitude and covering 15 miles and the secshyond reaching about 300 feet and covshyering six miles

Of course Longren was only one of numerous individuals who built Curtiss-type pushers Plans for early Herring-Curtiss machines were pubshylished in Aeronautics and other aviashytion periodicals as well as in books With some individual alterations many such aircraft were built in the United States prior to Americas entry into World War 1

At any rate Longren soon went into the exhibition business with

H Young renaming the Topeka I as the Dixie Flyer The words Dixie Flyer - AK Longren - Aviator were painted on the underside of the Topeka IDishyxie Flyers monoplane canard Between 1911 and 1914 Longren gave 1372 exhibition flights in Kansas Texas Oklahoma Nebraska and Colorado for the Young Aviation Co

In 1912 Longren built a second Curshytiss-type with a Hall-Scott A-2 This airshycraft incorporated the improvements Curtiss had made to his newer aircraft during 1911-1912 and in due course the mid-gap ailerons were moved to the trailing edges of the upper wing This aircraft was sold to Longrens forshymer student and friend Phil Billard who used it to give exhibition flights This aircraft sometimes known as the Topeka II was presented to the Kansas State Historical Society in 1938 where it still exists as a display

In the spring of 1914 Longren took time to marry Ms Dolly Trent Later that winter (1914-1915) Longren built his first entirely original aircraft design - a two-place tractor biplane again seshylecting the reliable Hall-Scott as the powerplant During an exhibition at the Dickson County Fair at Abilene on September 9 1915 the aircraft stalled on takeoff and was destroyed hitting an automobile that was leaving the fairshygrounds Longrens passenger was relashytively unscathed but Longren suffered a broken leg and several internal injuries

While recovering from his injushyries in early 1916 Longren with Phil

Billard began the construction of his fourth aircraft the Model G The Model G was a clean two-place tractor biplane with a strong resemblance to a Curtiss IN-4 In fact it was powered by a Curtiss OX-2 and was intended for sale to the warring European powers However only two were sold one to the Kansas National Guard the other being used for exhibition flights

Late in the year Longren built a small tractor biplane sometimes reshyferred to as the Longren Bus The conshystruction featured a three-ply wooden monocoque fuselage and was built for William Burt of Okmulgee Oklahoma A second machine was constructed for Lester Miller of Dallas Texas who inshytended to use the aircraft for aerobatic exhibitions By late 1917 Longren had moved on to another two-place design known as the Model H As in the case of the earlier Longren Bus the Model H used a wooden monocoque fuselage The Model H was powered by a Curshytiss 90-hp OX-5 engine unfortunately while on his way to Kansas City Misshysouri Longren suffered an engine failshyure near Wakarusa Kansas The aircraft was destroyed in a crash which proved fatal to a cow standing in the field in which Longren was forced down He was made to pay $10000 in restitution to the angry farmer After that interest in the Model H faded away

Late in 1917 Longren became involved with Frederick W Buck MD ME and applied for a posishytion as chief engineer with the Buck Aircraft and Munitions Co of Denshyver To what extent Longren became involved with Dr Buck is unknown Buck (a long with Elmer Sperry and later Charles F Kettering at DaytonshyWright) had plans to develop and sell an aerial torpedo - essentially a small 50-hp biplane cruise misshysile which was intended to fly on a preprogrammed course then shed its wings at the proper time and place depositing a bomb contained within the crude fuselage framework

Longrens career took another path after his debacle with the Model H After failing to establish a new airshycraft company in Overland Park Kansas Longren eventually took a

position at McCook Field as an airshycraft inspector The Great War had cost Longrens friend Phil Billard his life when he was killed in a flying accident while serving in Issoudun France Longrens position at McshyCook had allowed him the opportushynity to examine every domestic and foreign-built aircraft tested there unshytil the time of his departure in 1919 On June 17 1919 Longren formed the Longren Aircraft Corp in Topeka Kansas using a former woolen mill in the Oakland suburb as the site for the new corporation The first aircraft to come out of the plant was the rebuilt Model H now resurrected as the H-2 It is unclear as to how the H-2 differed from the earlier Model H but by midshy1920 Longren had gone in yet another direction with the construction of the two-place Model D-2 - a small aircraft powered by a three-cylinder Y conshyfiguration Lawrence Model B engine of 35-60 hp Within a year the D-2 had evolved to become the Longren Model AK Sport

Described in the pages of Aviashy

tion and Aerial Age Weekly (Volume 11 Number 12 Sept 291921 pages 336-337 and Volume 14 Numshyber 3 Sept 26 1921 pages 55-56 respectively) the two-place Longren Sport or Fibre Sport was a sensational design that incorporated the three-ply laminated wooden monocoque fuseshylage of the 1916 Longren Bus and the 1917 Model H and a set of folding biplane wings to facilitate storage It is unclear as to how the fuselage of the Sport may have differed from earshylier Longren monocoque construcshytion techniques if at all

However a 1925 Longren patent describes the use of diamond-shaped wood fibre shell (procured from the National Fibre Co) being covered with an additional two layers of wood laminations on either side The fushyselage was made in upper and lower halves using steam-pipe-heated conshycrete male and female molds clamped together using 6000 pounds of presshysure The sections were then trimmed and dried with special provision for humidity control before being joined

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 29

to a framework of grooved ash longeshyrons and formers The fuselage formshyers were made of three-ply materials engine-bearing formers were made of a seven-ply material The formers were in turn attached to the fuseshylage shells with screws Finally the fushyselage was varnished inside and out with Valspar varnish the exterior reshyceiving a coat of pigmented varnish before a final clear coat

Sold with both Lawrence Model Lshy2 three-cylinder Y-style and Anzani sixshycylinder radial engines the Longren Fibre Sport was flown in several notashyble Midwestern aviation events during the early 1920s During the American Legion Air Meet at Kansas City (Octoshyber 31 - November 3 1921) the Sport made 38 consecutive loops while being flown by ND Trinler Two Sports were also flown during a special efficiency race held at Omaha Nebraska on Noshyvember 11 An AK Sport again flown by Trinler placed second with a speed of 7791 mph when flown over a 153shymile triangular course Later that Noshyvember two AK Sports were placed at the disposal of the Kansas City Star to deliver newspapers from Kansas City to Lawrence Kansas in record time During a game between the Missouri Tigers and the Kansasjayhawks a teleshygraph wired a play-by-play account of the football game to the Stars office The newspapers were then promptly set printed and delivered via aircraft to the Lawrence street vendors beshyfore departing fans were even able to reach their homes

After establishing a climb record for Longren aircraft in 1922 the Longren Sport attracted the attention of customshyers from as far away as China and the Soviet Union In 1923 the US Navy became interested and on February 19 1924 Lt jB Kneip flew the accepshytance tests for the first of three Lonshygren AK Sports that were sold to the Navy (serial numbered A6745 through A6747) The first machine was shipped to Washington DC for testing at the Anacostia Naval Air Station while the other two were delivered to Pensacola However documentation of their subshysequent testing and use by the Navy remains elusive

30 JUNE 2007

Photos of Longren Sports and the later NL-13 show the distinctive Lonshygren company logo painted on the side of the fuselage and perhaps a few words need to be said about it This consisted of four capital ilLs joined at the top of each letter This formed a crux gammata or swastika although the direction the letters pointed was counter-clockshywise as opposed the symbols use on aircraft flown by Nazi Germany in which the bottom of the ilLs point in a clockwise direction Prior to its adoption by the Nazi Party this ancient symbol was seen as far afield at the Southwestshyern United States where it was a sacred symbol of Native Americans and in Inshydia and in Runic Europe During The Great War the Indian head emblem of Seaplane Pilots Association (SPA) 124 included a crux gammata as part of the headdress worn by the Native Amerishycan chief tan In its time and place it was considered as a symbol of good forshytune and was in no way considered to be an insult In fact after World War I Finland adopted a grayish-blue crux

gammata inscribed within a white circle as the national insignia for its aircraft In Longrens case the ilL was inscribed with a second ilL and the rest of the letters in Longrens surname In addishytion to that a circular logo and was placed at the center of the emblem to which a set of wings and a propeller reached out to a point near the tips of the ilLs So as it turns out the Lonshygren swastika was covered by what might roughly be considered a crux

immissa or crucifix Longren had no connections to fascist idealism The company logo which originated in the Midwest in the early 20s was simply a clever play on the primary letter in Longrens surname

No matter how good an aircraft the Longren Sport was the company could not survive on such limited orders and the last aircraft was sold in May of 1924 The remaining company assets patents and facilities were sold at an auction in March 1926 The Longren Sport was resurrected briefly in 1928 when the American Eagle Aircraft Corporation of Kansas City Missouri built a solitary aircraft as the Model A-429 However the aircraft was much different than the

original Longren Sport and the design was not pursued further Following the collapse of his company Longren was hired by Willis Brown to become viceshypresident of production at the Spartan Aircraft Co in Tulsa When Brown left in 1929 Longren also moved on to beshycome a design consultant at the Butshyler Manufacturing Co at Kansas City Butler had planned to manufacture the Butler Blackhawk biplane However the company was unable to do this and all manufacturing was halted in 1931 At this pOint Longren made a deal to build a new airplane -- the NL-13

Registered as X12538 and sporting the distinctive Longren fuselage logo the NL-13 (NL possibly standing for New Longren) fuselage was built usshying a new machine-forming method for heat-treated duralumin sheets The upper and lower fuselage halves of the 1932 NL-13 biplane were joined to T-shaped longerons and riveted toshygether Fuselage formers also made of liT cross-section were riveted to the halves creating a very strong duralushymin semi-monocoque fuselage Like the earlier Longren AK the NL-13 had twin side-by-side seating The powerplant of the aircraft was a Martin 333 of 120 hp With the exception of the wing spars the NL-13 was of all-metal construction the wings being fabric covered

The aircraft was first tested by George Gay in August of 1932 At that time Gay worked for the aeronautics branch of the Civil Aeronautics Administrashytion (CAA) The aircraft was found to be slightly tail-heavy This was cured by a slight stabilizer adjustment The engine also suffered from a slight overshyheating problem This was corrected by enlarging the cooling louvers and subshystituting the original propeller with anshyother type

The NL-13 had a span of 28 feet and a length of 22 feet Apparently the goal of the NL-13 was to obtain a military contract After further testing at Roosshyevelt Field Long Island New York the fuselage of the NL-13 was sold to the United States Army Air Corps and underwent stress evaluation at Wright Field Dayton OhiO in june 1933 After slight modification to some of the stiff-

continued on page 37

Flying to me is all about having fun Its grass strips and old

friends and old airplanes The folks at AUA understand my kind

of flying and my kind of airplanes They provide great service

at very good rates and they know me as an individual not just

a policy number

- Darrell Jenkins

Dan-ell Jenkins Heber Springs AR

bull Private pilot single-engine land and sea

bull 500 hours total shy300 in taildraggers

bull Current aircraft 1948 Ercoupe 415-E

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continued from page 3

EAA Seeks to Preserve Access to Repair Station Services

EAA cautions that proposed aircraft repair station certification regulations could harm many small general aviashytion shops and adversely affect airshycraft owners seeking to maintain the airworthiness of their aircraft

The FAA estimates the cost for deshyveloping and implementing a new quality system called for by the proshyposed regulations at $34500 per reshypair station Many small operations cannot afford such an expense and it could force some to close their doors

We fear that these requirements would ultimately result in diminshyished availability of qualified and experienced maintenance expertise especially for the vintage fleet said Earl Lawrence EAA vice president of industry and regulatory affairs Airshycraft owners could be forced to use maintenance facilities with less speshycialized experience on their aircraft type making it more difficult to comshyplete major repairs and changes to small aircraft potentially impacting safety as well

EAA also questions the feasibility of requiring repair stations to mainshytain an approved capability list for each make series and model of airshycraft its permitted to work on Many small operators often inspect and maintain virtually hundreds of airshycraft types creating an administrashytive nightmare

EAA is willing to discuss how the FAA could best address its quality concerns while ensuring the ownshyers of small aircraft continue to have ready access to repair station services One suggestion EAA proposed is to exempt or lessen requirements for smaller shops with fewer than a given number of employees

EAAs full comments can be found at wwwEAAorgcommunications eaanewsRepa ir_Station_NPRM_Draftpdf The notice of proposed rulemaking is at httpDMSESDOTgovdocimages pdf99431749_webpdf 32 JUNE 2007

Young Eagle 13 Million Hails From New Mexico

Arlene Martinez in the right seat with volunteer Young Eagles pilot Paul Rachels

The EAA Young Eagles program the worlds most successful youth aviation initiative ever has registered the 13-millionth Young Eagle flown She is Arlene Martinez age 12 of Yuma Arizona who took her flight on March 17 at Somerton Airport (54AZ) in a Cessna 170 piloted by Paul Rachels EAA 633950 Rachels is president and Young Eagles coordinator for Yuma EAA Chapter 590

Arlene was very enthusiastic said Rachels who has flown 123 Young Eagles She definitely enjoyed the flight and would like to do it again He always gets a kick out of how kids react to their special flights Its as incredible an experience

for me as it is for them and I have 700 hours of flight time Steve Buss EAA Young Eagles executive director called it another important

milestone for the program which this year marks its 15th anniversary year-the birthday will be marked at AirVenture this year Its wonderful to recognize Paul and Arlenes flight but we also applaud the outstanding continuing support and enthusiasm for Young Eagles by our members We extend our congratulations to all who have helped the program reach this unprecedented level of participation

Nominations Due June 15 for EAA Young Eagles Awards Each year EAA honors several special volunteers at EAA AirVenture with the

annual Young Eagles awards and theres still time to nominate a deserving pershyson for 2007

Nominations for the following awards are being accepted through June 15

bull Chapter Coordinator bull Field Representative bull Ground Support Volunteer bull Young Eagles Humanitarian (presented for efforts to reach special needs

Young Eagles) bull Young Eagles Horizon Award (recognizing efforts to go beyond the basic

Young Eagles flight) Awards will be presented at a special ceremony held at EAA AirVenture Museshy

ums Eagle Hangar on Wednesday July 25 To download the official nomination form visit wwwYoungEaglesorgvolunteersaward_nominationpdf

BY BUCK HILBERT

The very beginning of airworthiness certificates pilot certificates

For many years Ive talked and writshy barnstormers and promote some ten about the beginnings of the Aero order and safety to their flying It had Club of America (ACA) now known one other side effect No record atshyas the National Aeronautic Associashy tempt or air show (or air meet as they tion (NAA) Ive explained how this were called back then) could be staged pioneer era appointed Orville Wright without the approval of the Aero as the chairman of the Contest amp Reshy Club which was affiliated with the cords Board and how a pilot registrashy international governing body the Feshytion program came into being deration Aeronautique Internationale

The World War I pilots returning (FAI) The contestant was required to home were barnstorming and othershy be a member of the Aero Club which wise doing their best to make a living then issued a certification to the pishyin aviation That led to attempts to lot Hence the FAlSporting License register and somehow civilize these old-timers would show was signed by

Certifying Aircraft and Pilots

AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATE IauecI to VIlICElll ASTOR Arw 23 W 26th Sl BYCit shy

m~ts CnltiUs that the Aircraft described below has been Inspected and found AiruIo~ for daylight llyin on AJIlI 0VEIl WUER OKLY

For the Fl)1nA Season of 1922 ~- ~-=l1=~== Cmlampato NJiI~_ _ -- UND ElV1UTEIS~OIlIS Iae

o o-_pmiIyenr3~J__I922 III _ - ~ t

_ _ Mri N=A1fefJ~mATE WAmR AmClWr _ _______ 1 - PQRIlrASRDWTCJN l T bull Y

N_- 01 AlOft to 5 M- 1-1 AJkwL c 9on MuwLOEBDIG AERO ElIGR C~IIoTNo 23-t SodoIH9~iF--__ 0- 30 pr 3 I~ _ 42 PT 6 U __ n 8 Pr _ 2700 4100 II UMIwI 1400 shy_ 130 M _Cd 20000 hlln_H_ 2S_ _ T LIBRRrY I I OBE __ US 32230 __ Do 5 000 - JfAJlJODS JULY 7 1922

Orville Wright It was a requirement of the federal government No federal requirement for a pilots certificate would come into being until the Air Commerce Act gave that authority and responsibility to the Department of Commerce on May 20 1926

In all of the information Ive read on the early days of the ACA later the NAA there was never any menshytion of aircraft standards or airworshythiness certificates I never quesshytioned it and as a matter of fact I never gave it a thought

Then along comes friend and Vinshytage member Mitch Wohl from Barrington Illinois and he drops two books on my desk The first one I picked up was titled A Symbol of Safety This book was first published in 1923 and tells all about the foundshying of the Underwriters Laboratories (UL) Reprinted in 1995 it goes into great detail as to the history of UL I found it very interesting

The second book published on the 100th anniversary of Underwritshyers Laboratories in 1994 amplifies a bit of the material that was pub-

This airworthiness certificate was issued by an Underwriters Laborashytories inspector Maj J W Jones who deemed the Loening Air Yacht of Vincent Astor to be in airworthy condishytion It is restricted to dayligbt flying and over water only Heres a photo of its sister ship from the 1922 Airshycraft Yearbook

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 3 3

Loening monoplane Flying Yacht 100 hp Liberty engine which made a world record for aHitude with three passengers and pilot 19500 feet

lished in the 1923 book Its entire theme is Making the World Safe for Technology What a revelation both regarding the organization s history in general and its involveshyment in aviation

The real beginnings were at the 1893 Worlds Fair at the Great White City in Chicago The Electricity Building had frequent visits by the fire brigade in response to the new alshyternating current electricity displays catching fire and causing problems It was then that William Henry Merrill began his testing lab which proved

electricity could be a servant rather than a master

Our only function is to serve not to profit We are doing someshything for manufacturers buyers and property owners everywhere We are doing things for humanity was a direct quote from Merrill This was the beginning of the lab The lab was funded by corporations that wanted their products tested as well as by the insurance underwriters themselves

From 1893 through 1905 the budshyget expanded from a mere $3000 to more than $300000 During that

The book goes into

great detail

as to physical

standards for

airmen There were

all sorts of tests

for altitude tolerance

fatigue and eyesight

and their standards

specify annual physicals

rAiLW~eeL5

srlINSON 15 JOCII~Y

34 JUNE 2007

time more than 7500 reports were published the lab moved to larger quarters it was chartered in Illinois and the landmark inspection and label service was established Within two years UL inspectors were at work in 67 citshyies UL got into everything electrical fire prevention fire extinguishers automobiles oil and gasses and transportashytion as well Thats where we come in airplanes

When the first commercial airplane takes off here in the USA in the 20s UL registers airplanes certifies pilots and issues the now rather quaint-sounding Rules of the Air

Im getting ahead of the full story but in a nutshell the National Aircraft Underwriters Association proposed and requested UL become the custodian of the official register of all aircraft pilots (other than government pilots) and take full charge of all details connected therewith

UL undertook this branch of the work on July I 1921 The book goes into great detail as to physical stanshy

dards for airmen There were all sorts of tests for altitude tolerance fatigue and eyesight and their standards specify annual physicals

No wonder the early birds were considered supermen The next step was to create a register of commercial and private aircraft On May I 1922 UL began a nationwide inspection service in order to make it possible to issue cershytificates of airworthiness for individual aircraft The details of the inspections and the people employed to conduct them is an early Whos Who in aviation The inspections were very stringent and as demanding for the aircraft as they were for the pilots

And that dear friends is the story of the first airworshythiness certificates They were all issued long before the Department of Commerce became involved and of course long before the creation of the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) and the Federal Aviation Administration

Little by little the freedoms of flight have been whittled down and the myriad of Federal Aviation Regulations we live with came about but here fellow pilots and aircraft owners was the very beginning and it was the insurance people who started it all I(

Over to you (( ~((~

~ Call to order your copies today

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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 35

BY HG FRAUTSCHY

THIS MONTHS MYSTERY PLANE PHOTO IS A BIT OF A MULLIGAN FOR THOSE OF YOU

WHO HAVE ENJOYED L1GHTPLANES FOR A NUMBER OF YEARS STILL NOT MUCH IS PUBLISHED ABOUT THIS RATHER ATTRACTIVE AMPHIBIAN

Send your answer to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box You can also send your response via e-mail Send 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Your answer needs your answer to mysteryplaneeaaorg Be sure to include to be in no later than July 15 for inclusion in the your name city and state in the body of your note and September 2007 issue of Vintage Airplane put I(Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line

MARCH S MYSTERY ANSWER

36 J UN E 2007

nology olph Dope

Heres a little about the March Mystery Plane

The subject Mystery Plane apshypears to be the Longren NL-13 sin 2 X12538 built in 1932 by Albin K Longren (1882-1950) in Kansas City Missouri Longren had been a design consultant for Butler Manushyfacturing Co during the certificashytion of the Butler Blackhawk and built the NL-13 in the Butler facility with help from Butler employees Butler had ceased production by that time in the depths of the Great Depression The NL-13 had an allshy

wing spars and the fabric wing covshyering The engine was a 120-hp Marshytin 333 inve rted inline with four cylinders The X12538 was the only NL-13 built and was not successful in reaching production although it was an ea rly example of formed alushyminum aircraft structures

My information comes from Aeroshyfilescom and from Chuck (Charles E) Lebrechts fine article entitled AK Longren - Pioneer Airman of the West published in American Aviation Historishycal Society Journal Vol26 No4 Winshyter 1981 pp258-270 Lebrechts article gives a great vjew of Longrens career as an aircraft designer and manufacturer

Jack Erickson State College Pennsylvania Other correct answers were reshy

ceived from WaIt House Wichshyita Kansas George Otto Snook Monroe Michigan John Miller Wamego Kansas Cam Bla ze r Leawood Kansas An extensive arshyticle on the airplane and AK Lonshygren written by Wesley Smith is also included in this issue of Vinshytage Airplane

metal airframe except for wooden 1---------------------------------shy

eners and bulkheads the NL-13 fuselage had a safety factor able to absorb 1683g

ahead of the center of gravity (CG) and 11g aft of the CG

This made the fuselage of the NL-13 considerably stronger than that of the Stearman YBT-3 Boeing P-26A Conshysolidated P-30 and Boeing P-12B with which it was compared the YBT-3 having a maximum g-Ioading potential of 109

both fore and aft of the CG While the reshyport recommended the possible adoption of Longrens construction techniques orshyders for the NL-13 were not forthcoming and no further examples were built

With the demise of Butler Longren went to work for himself using a porshytion of the former Butler factory at the Kansas City Municipal Airport In 1933-34 Longren did the initial metal work on the Luscombe Phantom and developed metal-working techniques with his partner Ivan Driggs Plans for opening another aircraft factory were put on hold when Cessn a reopened their Wichita Kansas facility in 1934 for production of the Cessna C-34 Cessna hired Longren as vjce-president a posishy

tion that he held until 1939 when he moved to Torrance California to open the Longren Aircraft Company

While Longren built no further airshycraft he became a successful subconshytractor of prefabricated components for other aircraft manufacturers After the end of World War II Longren sold his company and retired to a 3OOO-acre ranch at Adin Ca lifornia where he passed away due to a heart condition on Nov 19 1950 at age 68

The defini tive Longren article was written by Mr Charles E Lebrecht and was published in the Winter 1981 edishytion of the American Aviation Historical Society Journal (Volume 26 Number 4 pages 258-270) I am indebted to Mr Lebrechts excellent research for the inshyformation in this piece Further informashytion on AK Longren can be found in the pages of Aviation Quarterly (Mace Kenshyneth D Pioneer Airmen ofKansas Volshyume 5 Number 2 Second Quarter 1979 pages 152-163) Mr Maces article is also quite well-written and contains severshyal beautiful photos of Longrens aircraft as well as the 1908 Call Mayfly

VINTAGE A I RPLANE 37

The fo llowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter of information only and does not constishytute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed To submit an event send the information via mail to Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Or e-mail the information to vintageaircrafteaaorg Information should be received four months prior to the event date

JUNE S-IO-Union IL-Poplar Grove Airport Army Wings and Wheels Info Vintage Wings amp Wheels Museum 815-547middot3115 Tom Murray hiwheelsbcglobalnet

JUNE 14-17-St Louis MO-Dauster Flying Field Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) American Waco Club Flymiddotln Info Phil Coulson 269shy624-6490 or rcoulson516cscom www americanwacoclubcom

JUNE 20-2l--Lock Haven PA-William T Piper Memorial Airport (LHV) Sentimental Journey Fly-In Family oriented fly-in featuring antique and classic aircraft of all makes and models especially PIPERS Seminars vendors food camping and entertainment daily Come for the day or the week Call 570-893-4200 or 748shy5123 for more information j3cubkcnet org wwwsentimentaljourneyfly-incom

JUNE 21-24-Mt Vernon Ohio-Wynkoop Airport (6G4) 48th Annual National Waco Club Reunion Check www nationalwacoclubcom for more information and contact information Or email call Andy Heins 937 313 5931 wacoasoaolcom

JUNE 22-24-Gardner KA-Gardner Municipal Airport (K34) Greater KC VAA Chapter 16 Fly-in Contact Kevin Pratt 816-985-3248

JUNE 23-Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

JUNE 30-Chetek WI-The Chetek WI (Y23) 9AM car show craft fair and show a professional horse pull and a water ski show Plenty of food and drink available throughout the day For more info contact Chuck Harrison 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet or Tim Knutson 715-237shy2477 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

JUNE 31-Russellville KY- Russellville-Logan County Airport (4M7) 9th Annual All You Can Eat BarBQ Lunch 1100am - 200pm Rain Date July 5th Aircraft displays skydiving door prizes Everyone welcome For more information eaal165yahoo com wwwangelfirecom ky3 eaal165 Joe Lawrence 270-726-1558

JULY 4-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-llam For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

JULY 6-8--All iance Oh (2Dl)-Taylorcraft and Ohio Aeronca Aviators Fly-In See the airplanes built in Alliance OH amp Middletown

38 JU N E 2007

OH and the people that built them Camping motels food all day fbarberalliancelinkcom 330823-1168 bwmatzllacyahoocom 216 337-5643 httpwwwoaafy-incom see wwwbarberaircraftcom for airport diagrams Breakfast served Sat amp Sun 7AM to 11AM by EM Chapter 82

JULY 14-Zanesville OH-Parr Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

AUGUST 5-Queen City MO-Applegate Airport (15MO) 20th Annual Watermelon Fly-In amp BBQ 2pm til dark Come and see grass roots aviation at its best Info 660-766-2644

AUGUST S-Chetek WI-Southworth Municipal airport (Y23) BBQ Fly-In 1030am Warbird displays antique and unique airplanes antique amp collector car displays and raffles for airplane rides Procedes will be given to local charities Info Chuck Harrison - Office 715-924shy4501 Cell 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet Tim Knutson - Home 715-237-2477 Cell 651-308-2839 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

AUGUST 17-19--McMinnville OR-25th Annual West Coast Travel Air Reunion Come Celebrate the Rebirth of the Travel Air Expected to be the largest gathering of Vintage Travel Airs in recent times Held in conjunction with the Northwest Antique Airplane Club Event Info Bruce McElhoe 559-638-3746

AUGUST 18--Forest Lake MN-(25D)-Airport Fly-in and Open House lOam - 4pm 24shyhour gas and 24-hour grass 3000-foot 31 13 Forest Lake Lions serve brats corn-ltgtn-the-cob and ice cream 100LL is available John Schmidt EM 250021 St Paul Minnesota 651 776 1717

AUGUST IS-I9-Long Island NY- Bayport (23N) Annual Antique Aeroplane Fly-In Old time movies popcorn pig roast flour bomb drop and spot landing contest with the days ending in the in famous Sheep Shagger Baa For more info wwwAACGNY org or email Stuart Bain at Sbain emediaofny com

AUGUST 19-Brookfield WI-Capitol Airport (02C) Ice Cream Social and vintage Aircraft Display VAA Chapter 11 Dean London 262-442-4622

AUGUST 2S-Niles MI-Jerry Tyler Memorial Airport (3TR) VAA Chapter 35 Annual Corn amp Sausage Roast Lunch served 1100am

to 300 pm Rain date on Sunday August 26th Donations of $500 for adults and $300 for children under 12 Contact Len Jansen tripacerlenyahoocom

SEPTEMBER I -Marion IN-Marion Municipal Airport (MZZ) 17th Annual Fly-In Cruise-In 700am until 200pm This annual event features antique classic homebuilt ultralight and warbird aircraft as well as vintage cars trucks motorcycles and tractors An all-you-can-eat Pancake Breakfast is served with all proceeds going to the local Marion High School Marching Band wwwFlylnCruiselncomlnfo Ray Johnson (765) 664-2588 or rjohnson indyrrcom

SEPTEMBER I -Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $2 50 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer Phone (740) 454-7487

SEPTEMBER 2-Mondovi WI-21st Annual Log Cabin Airport Fly-In Doug Ward Owner Operator 715-287-4205 Lunch noon

SEPTEMBER 8-Newark Ohio-NewarkshyHeath Airport (VTA) Annual Fly-In DriveshyIn Breakfast Pancakes and More Young Eagles Flights Vintage Airplanes Classic Cars Tom McFadden 740-587shy2312 email EAA402adelphianet

SEPTEMBER 9-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-12pm For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

SEPTEMBER 21-22- Bartlesville OK-Frank Phillips Field (BVO) 51st Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-In Antiques Classics Light Sport Warbirds Forum Type Clubs Info Charlie Harris 918-622shy8400 wwwtulsafyincom

OCTOBER 5-7-Camden SC-Kershaw County Airport (KCDN) VAA Chapter 3 Fall Fly-In All classes welcome BBQ on field Fri Evening EAA judging all classes Sat Banquet Sat Nite Info Jim Wilson 843-753-7138 or eiwilson homexpresswaynet

OCTOBER 5-7-St Louis MO-Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) The Monocoupe Club Fly-In amp Reunion wwwmonocoupecom

OCTOBER IO-I4-Tuliahoma TN- Beech Birthday Party 2007 Staggerwing Twin Beech 18 Bonanza Baron Beech ownersamp enthusiasts Info 931shy455-1974

Your One STOP Quality Shop Hook up air hose from your compressor Add Glass Beads or otherabrasiveAim powergun 1-888-388-8803 (included) at part and remove 1-780-447-5955 rust paint and scale

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2007 MAJOR FLy-INS

For details on EM Chapter flymiddotins and other local avimiddot ation events visit wwweaaorgjevents

Golden West EAA Regional Ay-In

Yuba County Airport (MYV) Marysville CA

June 29middotJuly 1 2007 wwwGodenWestRynorg

Rocky Mountain EAA Regional AyJn Front Range Airport (FTG) Watkins CO

June 23-24 2007 wwwRMRRorg

Arlington EAA Ay-In

Arlington Municipal Airport (AWO) Arlington WA July 11-15 2007

wwwNWEAAorg

EAA AlrVenture Oshkosh

Something to buy sell or trade Classified Word Ads $550 per 10 words 180 words maximum with boldface

lead-in on first line

Classified Display Ads One column wide (2167 inches) by 1 2 or 3 inches

high at $20 per inch Black and white only and no frequency discounts

Advertising Closing Dates 10th of second month prior to desired issue date

(ie January 10 is the closing date for the March issue) VAA reserves the right

to reject any advertising in conflict with its policies Rates cover one insertion per

issue Classified ads are not accepted via phone Payment must accompany order

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MISCELLANEOUS BABBITT BEARING SERVICE - rod

Wittman Regional Airport (OSH) Oshkosh WI July 23-29 2007 wwwAirVentureorg

EAA Mld-Eastem Regional Ay-In Mansfield Lahm Airport Mansfield OH August 25-26 2007

httpMERR info

Virginia Regional EAA Ay-In

Dinwiddie County Airport (PTB) Petersburg VA October 6-7 2007 wwwVAEAAorg

EAA Southeast Regional Ay-In Middleton Field Airport (GZH) Evergreen AL October 12-14 2007 wwwSERRorg

Copperstate Regional EAA AyJn Casa Grande (Arizona) Municipal Airport (CGZ)

October 25-28 2007 wwwcopperstateorg

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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 39

VINTAGE AIRCRAFT

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-=-_tI 8015 CONCER

~oNO~Y )JY 13

presented by Ecpse ~1aton n 8lt ford otor col1pa y

Page 18: PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATIONmembers.eaavintage.org/wp...Vol-35-No-6-June-2007.pdf · PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION . ... Flightline Safety Committee and their

There seems to be two distinctly different types of people in the world of little airplanes those who love and adore the Aeronca Chief and those who wouldnt know an Aeronca Chief if they found it floating in their coffee Its not a question of liking it or disliking it because its one of those airplanes that has such a low recognition factor that a relatively

small percentage of the pilot popushylation even knows it exists In some ways thats a good thing because it has helped keep the prices down for those who want a Chief of their own One of those is Danny Poulton of Belshyton South Carolina

The Poultons Chief is not your avshyerage Chief Were all used to seeing the 11AC (65 hp) or the 11CC (85 hp)

-the postwar Super Chief-but theirs is an lIBe Were not sure it ever carshyried a name but maybe we should call it the Not-Quite-Super-Chief It came out of the factory in 1947 with a C8S-8 which meant no provisions for a starter Not a normal one anyway It had a McDowell starter which was a combination of ratcheted sprockets and a lever that worked very much like the pull starter on a lawn mower with the cable going back to a hanshydle in the cockpit By the time Danny bought the airplane as a project in Michigan the starter had long since disappeared In fact everything fireshywall-forward had disappeared But were getting ahead of ourselves

Danny had owned a number of airplanes in the past and in fact had learned to fly while he was still in high school

We had aviation on my moms side of the family he says My unshycle was an airframe and powerplant mechanic (AampP) and a fUll -time corshyporate pilot and he encouraged me

He progressed through a number of airplanes most of them some varishyation of the Piper PA-28 line includshying an Arrow although a 63 C-l72 did follow him home one day

I met Donna and aviation beshycame part of our life he says In fact we were married in a 421 Cessna at five thousand feet over Anderson South Carolina

Danny didnt get into vintage airshyplanes until four years ago with the Chief It was a form of therapy because he was on a crusade to lose weight

I had let myself balloon up to 460 pounds and if I was going to live I had to lose the weight I had two sons Dale and JD and a wonderful wife and I didnt want to lose all of that just beshycause I was overweight So I started looking for an airplane to rebuild as a way to keep myself busy We live on an airpark and we had a great guy Gene Richburg living just down the runshyway from us He was 82 years old at the time and knew everything there was to know about rebuilding airplanes and he volunteered to help me

So Danny launched on two projshyects at the same time both of them

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 17

Danny Poulton holds open the top cowl to reveal the Continental C-SS installation It appears Danny has decided not to trust his Chief mechanical fuel gauges which are known to be troublesome and is using an old standby the wire and cork float gauge so common prior to World War II

In keeping with the restrained nature of Dannys customized Chief a few nice touches such as the upholstered side panels and polished control wheel caps brighten up the otherwise original-looking cabin Look closely and you can see the toe brake pedals on the pilots side of the cockpit Those pedals are seen only on the UBC UCC and lSAC Sedan

The tubular structure of the landing gear is covered with an aluminum fairshying leading to a nicely finished pair of replica fiberglass wheelpants The small cable attached to the trailing edge of the landing gear is a safety cable It was originally installed in case of a failshyure of the originally installed phenolic piston within the oleo strut Later after an airworthiness directive (47-20-02) and Aeronca Service Helps and Hints No 12 required changing the phenoshylic part to one made of aluminum the need for the cable was negated but most owners keep it just in case

monumental The first was to lose weight and the second to find a projshyect that fit his goals and skill levels

I didnt look long and actually found the Chief on eBay It belonged to an AampP in Michigan who had started to rebuild it and then decided to put it up for sale I hadnt done anything like this before so I was reshyally not sure of what I was doing but I hooked up my trailer and headed up to Michigan to buy the Chief That was in July of 2003

What he saw when he got to Michshyigan was enough to encourage him so he loaded it up and brought it back to South Carolina As is always the case however he wouldnt really know what he had until he did a thorshyough inventory back home

The large dorsal fin on the llBC Chief (also used on the UCC) makes identifishycation of the higher-horsepower Chiefs a bit easier

18 JUNE 2007

When we unloaded at home Gene came over and we spread the entire collecshytion of stuff out to see what was missing and what kind of work was going to be needed In general the airshyframe was actually in great shape because the AampP

had already started workshying on it and had finished the major compon ents The wings were more or less complete and fini shed

and the work was beautiful About all th ey needed were the leading edges and to be covered

The fuselag e tubing had been cleaned and painted and most of the fuselage wood was usable too Part of the airplanes condition is probshyably because it had only 400 hours on it and had spent most of its life stored inside somewhere We dont have much of the airplane s history but you could see by looking at the wood and steel that it hadnt been left outside to rot like so many Chiefs have been

When we were done inventorying it we found a lot of missing or unusshyable stuff that I hadn t noticed when picking it up It had no tail wheel or wing struts and the doors were not only the wrong doors but were badly crushed There were no control yokes and all of the logos were missing Same thing for all of the interior upshyholstery boards Plus there was esshysentially nothing firewall-forward I

Its still easy for most of those who h ave restored airplanes to rememshyber what it was like in the days beshyfore computers The dozens of trips to fly-markets the phone calls and the constant surveillance of Trade-ashyPlane were not only aggravating but added a huge amount of time to finshyishing the project Danny came into the Vintage world PC post computer so he was able to take full advantage of cyber searching for parts

Besides buying the airplane on eBay that service proved to be a tershyrific source for some of the rarer parts I needed Among other things thats

Whats in a Model Number By HG Frautschy

The differences between the llBC Chief and the llCC Super Chief are tough to spot but in todays sport pilot market one distinction can spell the

difference between flying one and just owning one

Both airplanes are powered by the Continental C85-8 and both came equipped with the rather clever McDowell starter The McDowell was vilified by

some as being a cheap substitute for an electrical starter but having had one

for years on my Super Chief Id have to say it s one of the neatest inventions

added to the postwar lightplane If treated with respect and used in the way the manufacturer intended it worked perfectly It did have one design weakness

that could have been easily solved but it didnt last long enough on the market to make it that far

The McDowell was activated using a cable with a ball swaged on the end

Because of the way the ball and cable were retained in the starters pulley

sheave the cable would fray and then break just below the ball or an overly

enthusiastic pull on the starter cable would pull the ball right off the end If Mcshy

Dowell had used a small fitting inside the sheeve to allow for a straight pull on

the cable (and if the cable had a ball and shank swaged fitting) Im convinced the McDowell would have been much more popular

It allowed for a lightweight starter to be installed on an airplane intended to be flown by casual travelers who were interested in ease of use and safety

It allowed my wife and her instructor both petite women to independently fly

the airplane without requiring a flip of the prop by someone else As long as

the engine was in good tune and one could reasonably expect the airplane to start when the impulse magneto fired the McDowell was a great way to pul l

the prop through safely

The 11BC and 11CC interiors were similar with a slight edge going to the

llCC for a few interior appointments added to enhance the automobile-like

feel to the cockpit Hap Granier the designer of the interior of all three postwar Aeroncas worked his magic on the Chiefs to give them a small sedan or coupe

feeling Bedford whipcord upholstery and side panels the zebrawood pattern wood-gra in-printed instrument panel and control wheels instead of control

sticks all contributed to that atmosphere

Both the 11CC and 11BC featured a large dorsal fin but the 11CC had a

different elevator stabilizer configuration That fact is sometimes lost on reshy

storers and aircraft modifiers who incorrectly (and illegally) put the earlier

11AC or llBC stab elevator combination on an llCC The 11CC has an aeroshy

dynamically balanced elevator designed to meet the hands-off gliding speed requirements of the then-new CAR 03 regulations Aeronca also had the llCC

certified in the Utility category as well as the Normal category with maximum gross weights of 1 290 and 1 350 pounds respectively That right there is a major difference in the airplanes as they are viewed in the market today The 11BC with a maximum gross weight of 1250 pounds is sport pilot eligible

while the llCC by virtue of its 1350 weight is not Interestingly a few llCC additions made it into the llBC as well Both

Chiefs as well as the four-place Aeronca Sedan shared the same rudder brake pedals with toe brakes instead of the heel brakes seen on the Champ Both feature flight characteristics similar to the Champ with the Chiefs having

the edge when it comes to cross-country flights With a 70-pound baggage alshylowance and up to 23 gallons of fuel on board the Chief is a great traveling machine if you re not in a hurry But when you re flying something as pretty as

a Chief whos in a big hurry

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 1 9

BONNIE KRATZ

He Danny Poultons Aeronca Chief features a custom color scheme that is reminiscent of the original decoration composed by Hap Granier for Aeroncas4012E side-by-side personal airplane

where I~gOt~t~h~e~iiiiiiiiiiibullbullbullbull con- trol yoke covers with the Aeronca logos the ashshytrays the bezels and the air box for the cabin heat I even found the pishytot tube and hand brake on eBay If I would have had to physically search for all of that stuff Id probably still be looking

Wag-Aero came to the rescue in supplying the struts and wing leadshying edges

III was able to use most of the origishynal boot cowl but the original noseshybowl was really bad and was cut for the McDowell starter so I used an STCd fiberglass replacement If I find a good original I may change that

11Th is airplane came out of the facshytory with toe brakes which were with the airplane and I stayed with the mechanical brakes and just installed new pads You dont really need

20 JUNE 2007

brakes on the airshyplane for anything so they work just fine

Danny was planning on flying the airplane a lot and added a venturi so he could run an artificial horizon and added air vent holes

When we were doing the inteshyrior there was no kit available for the headliner so a neighbor Phyllis Dalshyton sewed one up using the original material found on Chiefs That was really tedious Then I made the side panels and covered them with Airtex fabric and had to fabricate a new bagshygage door and make the boards for the seats

The panel had already been cleaned so the wood grain was gone but I decided not to try to put it on I did however make two metal glove

compartments for it The sliding windows were

original to the airplane but the polished prop isnt I just thought it looked betshyter polished

When the airframe was done and ready to be covered Danny went with Poly-Fiber and shot it with Aeroshythane but not in the original colshyors or scheme

IIAirtex had some sample seat covers for the airplane that were inexpensive so I bought them and had the paint mixed to go with the seat covers Also the paint stripes arent original They

mimic the factory scheme but arent exact I should also mention that I had some help with the fabric from Larry and Phyllis Dalton who helped cover the airplane This was my first time and they made it easy

Since Danny had no engine he was starting from scratch in that area The original was a C8S-8 but with his papaerwork he found a Supplemental Type Certificate (STC) that opened interesting new avenues

There was part of an STC in our paperwork that would let me install a -12 engine and that would allow me to have an electric starter which I reshyally wanted The problem was that the STC wasnt complete Plus the -8 mount is

than the shy12 so its not

a plug-andshyplay

change and I

expected some problems

getting the papershywork straightened out

I called the Atshylanta Flight Stanshydards District Office and really

lucked out The Coshylumbia Federal Aviashy

tion Agency (FAA) field examiner came out looked the airplane over and said hed be happy to clean up the paperwork and submit it to Atlanta for me What I thought was going to be a problem turned out to be quite easy

Unfortunately Danny found out that things dont always go easy when restoring an airplane and his headaches came in the form of his first engine

I had two sons

Dale and lD

and a wonderful

wife and 1 didnt

want to lose all of

that just because

1 was overweight

So 1 started

looking for an

airplane to rebuild

as a way to keep

myself busy

I bought a C8S-12 that had been overhauled I had flown it for about 22 hours when one cylinder lost a lot of compression so we pulled the jug When we got inside we found that the rod was just banging around in there and was loose on the crank When we split the case we found the crank was badly scored and a lot of metal had gone through the engine so I had to find another one

The second engine was freshly overhauled by an FAA-certified shop

in 2000 after a prop strike The guy I bought it from was building a homebuilt and

was afraid that the engine was going to sit too long before his

project was completed so he sold it Everything checked out to be perfect and it has been humming along with no problems since day one

We flew the airplane for the first time July I 2006 and I had a local pilot Gary Dalton do the test hop I dont mind telling you that I was nershyvous watching it When I flew it for the first time I had only 10 hours of tailshywheel time Id logged while getting my tail wheel endorsement I was a little nervous then too but everything went beautifully When we flew it it was alshymost exactly three years to the day that we unloaded it from the trailer

When I started I guess I became a little compulsive about working on it Id eat in the hangar work until 10 or 11 every night and sometimes Id wake up in the middle of the night and go out and work on it When Id get home from church on Sunday Id change clothes and go out and get something done Im glad I did it that way because it really helped me with the other problem

In the process of restoring his Chief Danny met several goals The first was finishing and flying his own Chief but the second and more imshyportant was taking control of his life From the time he started the Chief to the time he flew it he lost 230 pounds and added no telling how many years to his life Most people have difficulty committing to just finishing an airshyplane so Danny is to be congratushylated for two jobs well done ~

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 21

~The Bmiddot thof

Creating a classic design BY CHESTER L PEEK PHD

Could you in three months time design and build a new light plane without tools or factory and with very little money Impossible you say But that is just what eG Tayshylor did in the spring of 1936 when he introduced the legendary Taylorshycraft to the aviation world Heres the story

In the last week of December 1935 eG Taylor was confined to his bed ill and completely discourshy

aged Days before he and Bill Piper Hangar at Butler Pennsylvania 1936 Still in use today had signed a legal document that dissolved their troubled partnership For Taylors share of the Taylor Cub company (which was in debt more than $90000) he received approximately $5000 to be paid out in small installments over three years

Byron Shinn knew Taylor well both as a customer and friend In a 1991 letter he describes Taylors situashytion and subsequent events

Back in the 1930s we had a small manufacturing comshypany located in one of the hangars on the Butler Pennsylvashynia airport called The Shinn Devices Company We made aluminum wheels for aircraft 4 bead diameter 700X4 tire and at that time sold them to most of the light aircraft manshyufacturers including the Taylor and Piper organization in Bradford Pennsylvania We had a quite complete machine shop and engineering design business I remember how Taylorcraft got started One very cold winter day probably in December 1935 I drove up to see Taylor in Bradford The roads were terrible ice coated and I almost had several acshycidents When I got there I found Taylor sick in bed and in a very discouraged frame of mind He had just been kicked out of his company by Piper and had little or no money or employment I told him with his abilities as an aircraft deshysigner and builder that he should certainly try to get back in the business and offered to help if I could

I went back to Butler and contacted D Bar Peat who was a promoter a very nice fellow who was running the Butler

Ken SchoHer about 1980 airport I asked if he could raise some money to start Tayshy22 JUNE 2007

TAYLORCRAFT BY C 6 TAYLOR PlmBUR6H-BUTLER AIRPORT BunER PA

STABLE FAST A NEW LIGHT PLANE ECONOMICAL LOWPRICED

First Taylorcraft ad February 1936 Aero Digest

First Taylorcraft specifications Photo is of a model

during the

Depression

you NEVER

left a job

Yet these men

deeply loyal

to Taylor

came with him

to this chancy

new venture Byron Shinn about 1936

TAYLORCRAFT Model A

ATe pendingB_ Span 36 (11 m) Length 22 (67 m) Heicht 6 8 (21 m) Wm area 169 fLgt (156 ml) Power Ioodiaa 2IS IbsJhp (118 kcJho) WioJ Ioadma 58 1bbullJIt (293 kcl) Weicht empty 570 Ibs (259 kg) U falload 420 Ibs (190 kc) Payload 181 lbo (82 kcl Gr weiht m lbo (449kcr Bant I Ibs (5 kg) Fuel 10 gals

~L~~L11t1iLk hp

~~~gtam~~hm~~49 kph) l~ mph (51h ) Semlte laquoiliaC 101000 ft (4260 m) imb per min 400 It (122 tn) Cruig rang 210 mi (371 1aD) ~ F welded eel tubg four JODIeIODS of proareqjve diameters wood faired and fabric conrcd removable maine mouat j streued fot SO hp installamiddot tion Wg two paDdJ bolted to fuselafefabric _ ~ oectioo With eJlipticalJy rOUDded tips JOlid apruce JPlrs

Zplace ATC

metal ribs fabricated from drawn NicraJ secshytions sinclc drag wire bracinc built-up metal frame ailerons fabric COYered and of the balanced type with DO exposed horns

=r~~brTc ~~ai~~~wd~ removable fin elentor and stabiliurs inshyterlthanaeable right or IefL Landing rear =evbsor~ closed~~~es color ocJlulosc finish with trim Two-place flex-wine seat 39 inches ide--by-lide cabin fabric lined and fire-wall sound proofed all control cables and fittinp in the cabin are fully enclosed Baggag compartment 6- X 9- X w- back of seaL

~~6oo-~~bS~ wbeds DuPont Pluticell 1rindJhield rulr her mounted illltrument pampDe1 ~ Aeromarinc altimeter U S 011

~~itfra~~ pass or other instnunmts extra

Carlson and Harold White who were engineers Ken Tibbits and Les Salshychow Parks College graduates along with mechanics Colby Carpenter and William Crawford All these men had good secure jobs with Piper and durshying the Depression you NEVER left a job Yet these men deeply loyal to Taylor came with him to this chancy new venture All would eventually rise to responsible executive posishytions with Taylorcraft

Ken Scholter a local mechanic was hired as a welder Contemposhyrary reports credit him with most of the welding on the new plane Forshytunately he was also an amateur photographer and documented the building process on film He furshynished most of the photos shown in this article

Shinn resumes I When Taylor came to Butler he had very little money we all had very little money at that time I believe he got a small settlement from Piper for his share of the Cub company This was in the depths of the Depresshysion We doled the money out a few dolshylars at a time and started to build the first plane We used our machine shop to make the draw bench to make the rib parts and to make most of the parts jigs and dies that required machining

An engineering department was set up I hired a draftsman when Ray Carlshyson moved down from Bradford Tayshylor and the mechanics would make the parts and then the draftsman would

lor up again in the airplane business He along with Col make the drawings We designed a new wheel for the plane Breckenridge and some others did raise a little money about lightweight and very strong being constructed of an alumishy$1000 as I recall enough to include the building of the jigs num stamping fastened to a cast aluminum end rim Tayshyand fixtures and the first plane We moved Taylor and his lor and I also developed the new tapered axle which was family to Butler rented him a house and started work in a lighter and less costly A new Goodrich tire size 600 x 6 vacant hangar on the Butler airport SeveraL of Taylors men was used from Bradford came with him II The plane was designed and built during the first four

Actually six key Bradford employees left Piper and to five months of 1936 This must have been some sort of joined Taylor in the new enterprise They were Ray record When the plane was finished the test pilot Tibbits

VINTA GE A IR PLANE 23

One day we came to work

to find trucks backed up

to the hangar and Taylor

hauling away all the

Taylorcraft parts Batch of Shinn 800 x 4 wheelsjigs and fixtures

started the test flights First he taxied the plane up and down the runway then flew it the length of the runway just off the ground then made flights a bit higher and finally made circuits The plane flew very well but would not stall The CAA required proper recovery from a stall so Taylor worked on the horizontal tail surfaces so that a stall could be induced and the plane passed the CAA tests

Taylor was a design genius The CAA had just released a new-design wing curve and Taylor was the first I

ffi believe to use it The wing curve was ~ ~ faster and had a soft stall ~ This was the NACA 23012 airfoil z ~ Taylor once told the author that in

Fuselage structure 1935 he built a set of wings for the Cub using that airfoil but Piper veshytoed the change They were hanging on a wall when the Bradford factory burned in 1937

Shinn says I started an advertising campaign beginning with a very small ad in Aero Digest saying IISomething new is coming in Aviation The next ads told a little more People were very enthusiastic about the new plane It was much advanced over the Cub beshying faster with side-by-side seating and wheel controls Before long we had reshyceived down payments from over 50 customers $200 each as I recall This

ffi was due to correspondence with old ~ ~ Taylor Cub dealers and the Aero Dishy~ z gest ad In a 1992 interview Bob UJ

Taylor eGs son confirmed thisWing details He remembered his father waking

24 JUNE 2007

First A-40 run-up May 1936

him up one night in Butler and showing him $10000 in down payments

The first ad appeared in the February issue of Aero Digest and is shown on this page A later ad showed a photo of the plane but since no plane had been comshypleted at that time it was actually a snapshot of a model CG Taylor built on his kitchen table First the new trademark Taylorcraft was used but when Beechcraft threatened legal action claiming Taylorcraft sounded too much like Beechcraft the ads were changed to read Airplanes by GG Taylor However they resumed us-

CG Taylor and a Model ATaylorcraft 1936

ing the Taylorcraft name after sevshyeral months

Shinn continues D Bar Peat was always trying to promote the plane On Sundays they would put on an air show at the Butler airport and 200 to 300 people would atshytend Som e way he got the Taylorshycraft to lead the way when all the planes taxied by the grandstand at the Cleveland Air Races

Meanwhile in the hangar facshytory the prototype plane was beshying rushed to completion but not fast enough to suit Taylor He

once told the author I was away ~ from the plant for three days havshyo ~ ing given instructions to complete sect the engine mount When I returned

it was not done I hung the engine in the right place with a chain hoist we

cut the tubing to (it and it was done in an hour On May 1 the Continental A-40 engine SIN 635

was run up for the first time then on May 8 Taylor signed an application for an experimental certificate Only eight days later on Saturday May 16 CAA inshyspector RA Young witnessed the test flight and issued certificate X-16393 to the first Taylorcraft SIN 25 Apshyproximately three months had elapsed from the time construction was started until the new plane was airshyborne A remarkable achievement

It was a beautiful plane sleek and streamlined a far VINTAGE AIRPLANE 25

Test flight of the first Taylorcraft May 1936

1 rryen~~A1~~~ )~ ~- shyITS A - -=- (=- = --- I FAF

BEAUTY 51495middot00-----shy~GRACEFULLY CONTINENTAL

STREAMLINED - - _ MOTOR

C G TAYL O R bull PlttsburqhmiddotBuUer Airport bull Bu tler Penna

April 1936 ad in Aero Digest

cry from Taylors boxy square-cornered E-2 Cub With side-by-side seating and wheel controls it rivaled much larger more expensive planes such as the Waco and Stinson Weight had been kept to a minimum the proshytotype weighed only 570 pounds It was much faster than the Cub The first prospective customers who flew the plane verified the advertised cruising speed of 80 mph In a race with two locals an Aeronca C-3 and a Kinner Fleet the Taylorcraft won easily

The investors at Butler were elated With nearly 100 orders and down payments received for their new plane they envisioned a rapid production buildup and the prospects of a thriving profitable enterprise Their faith however had been misplaced

Shinn continues But unknown to D Bar Peat and me Taylor had been talking to others about financing and a place to manufacture the plane One day we came to work to find trucks backed up to the hangar and Taylor haulshying away all the Taylorcraft parts jigs and fixtures They moved to Alliance Ohio where they got one years free rent on a large old airplane factory financing and tax breaks D Bar Peat and I retained a lawyer to try to get back our inshyvestment eventually getting back some shares ofTaylorcraft 26 JUNE 2007

stock instead of money And Piper quit buying my wheels and switched to Hayes

Happily Taylor and Shinn soon put their legal difshyferences behind them and remained good friends and business associates for many years

Shinn was not alone in his disappointment when the unexpected move came Scholter was out of a job In 1992 he made this comment They left Butler owing me almost a months pay which I never got But they did give me a very nice letter of recommendation

The Alliance Review newspaper proudly announced the arrival of the new aircraft enterprise in its July 9 1936 edition But that is a story for another day

Authors note When researching my book The Taylorcraft Story in

1992 I was privileged to personally interview four prishymary information sources regarding the Butler Pennshysylvania events eG Taylor Bob Taylor Ken Scholter and Byron Shinn The history above was taken from those interviews and contemporary newspaper articles

_ 55 ~a-~~~ition

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EXTRA The Butler Manufacturing Co NL-I3 biplane

The March 2007 Mystery Plane is the 1932 Butler Manufacturing Co NL-13 biplane designed by Albin Kasper Longren (sometimes simply reshyferred to as the Longren NL-13)

AK Longren had a very long and interesting aviation career Born in a log cabin near Clay Center Kansas in 1882 he was the one of 14 children born to Swedish immigrant homeshystead farmers Charles and Emma Lonshygren In 1901 he took a business course from the International Corresponshydence School (ICS) which he followed up with an ICS diploma in mechanical engineering from 1907-1911

Longrens interest in aviation beshygan with his observations of Henry L Call in 1908 Call originally a New York lawyer author and socialist had moved to Girard Kansas in February of 1908 in order to construct a large and ungainly flying machine powered by two 20-hp Curtiss B-4 engines Known as the Mayfly and The Chicken (among other colorful names) the airshycraft failed to fly despite modification Call enjoyed the support of the nashytional socialist newspaper An Appeal to Reason and constructed several aircraft under the aegis of The Aerial Navigashytion Company of America starting in 1908 before the company changed its name

Beginning in 1911 Call manushyfactured two-cylinder and fourshycylinder horizontally opposed air-cooled engines which h e marshyketed to would-be aviators through

28 JUNE 2007

BY WESLEY SMITH

advertisements (primarily in Aircraft and Fly magazines published by Alshyfred W Lawson of 1920 Lawson Airshyliner fame) The two-cylinder Call was rated at 45 hp and the four-cylshyinder engine was rated at 90 hp Call engines were among the first aircraft engine to be fitted with mufflers an individual muffler being attached to the exhaust port of each cylinder

With his brother EJ Longren and a mechanic named William Janeke Longren constructed a Curtiss-type pusher biplane in Topeka Kansas Beshygun in the summer of 1910 the Toshypeka I was not completed until the fall of 1911 Fitted with a 60-hp Hall-Scott A-2 a water-cooled V-8 the Topeka I became the first successful aircraft to be completed in the state of Kansas Longren made his first flight on Sepshytember 2 and on September 5 1911 he made two flights the first flight reaching about 225 feet in altitude and covering 15 miles and the secshyond reaching about 300 feet and covshyering six miles

Of course Longren was only one of numerous individuals who built Curtiss-type pushers Plans for early Herring-Curtiss machines were pubshylished in Aeronautics and other aviashytion periodicals as well as in books With some individual alterations many such aircraft were built in the United States prior to Americas entry into World War 1

At any rate Longren soon went into the exhibition business with

H Young renaming the Topeka I as the Dixie Flyer The words Dixie Flyer - AK Longren - Aviator were painted on the underside of the Topeka IDishyxie Flyers monoplane canard Between 1911 and 1914 Longren gave 1372 exhibition flights in Kansas Texas Oklahoma Nebraska and Colorado for the Young Aviation Co

In 1912 Longren built a second Curshytiss-type with a Hall-Scott A-2 This airshycraft incorporated the improvements Curtiss had made to his newer aircraft during 1911-1912 and in due course the mid-gap ailerons were moved to the trailing edges of the upper wing This aircraft was sold to Longrens forshymer student and friend Phil Billard who used it to give exhibition flights This aircraft sometimes known as the Topeka II was presented to the Kansas State Historical Society in 1938 where it still exists as a display

In the spring of 1914 Longren took time to marry Ms Dolly Trent Later that winter (1914-1915) Longren built his first entirely original aircraft design - a two-place tractor biplane again seshylecting the reliable Hall-Scott as the powerplant During an exhibition at the Dickson County Fair at Abilene on September 9 1915 the aircraft stalled on takeoff and was destroyed hitting an automobile that was leaving the fairshygrounds Longrens passenger was relashytively unscathed but Longren suffered a broken leg and several internal injuries

While recovering from his injushyries in early 1916 Longren with Phil

Billard began the construction of his fourth aircraft the Model G The Model G was a clean two-place tractor biplane with a strong resemblance to a Curtiss IN-4 In fact it was powered by a Curtiss OX-2 and was intended for sale to the warring European powers However only two were sold one to the Kansas National Guard the other being used for exhibition flights

Late in the year Longren built a small tractor biplane sometimes reshyferred to as the Longren Bus The conshystruction featured a three-ply wooden monocoque fuselage and was built for William Burt of Okmulgee Oklahoma A second machine was constructed for Lester Miller of Dallas Texas who inshytended to use the aircraft for aerobatic exhibitions By late 1917 Longren had moved on to another two-place design known as the Model H As in the case of the earlier Longren Bus the Model H used a wooden monocoque fuselage The Model H was powered by a Curshytiss 90-hp OX-5 engine unfortunately while on his way to Kansas City Misshysouri Longren suffered an engine failshyure near Wakarusa Kansas The aircraft was destroyed in a crash which proved fatal to a cow standing in the field in which Longren was forced down He was made to pay $10000 in restitution to the angry farmer After that interest in the Model H faded away

Late in 1917 Longren became involved with Frederick W Buck MD ME and applied for a posishytion as chief engineer with the Buck Aircraft and Munitions Co of Denshyver To what extent Longren became involved with Dr Buck is unknown Buck (a long with Elmer Sperry and later Charles F Kettering at DaytonshyWright) had plans to develop and sell an aerial torpedo - essentially a small 50-hp biplane cruise misshysile which was intended to fly on a preprogrammed course then shed its wings at the proper time and place depositing a bomb contained within the crude fuselage framework

Longrens career took another path after his debacle with the Model H After failing to establish a new airshycraft company in Overland Park Kansas Longren eventually took a

position at McCook Field as an airshycraft inspector The Great War had cost Longrens friend Phil Billard his life when he was killed in a flying accident while serving in Issoudun France Longrens position at McshyCook had allowed him the opportushynity to examine every domestic and foreign-built aircraft tested there unshytil the time of his departure in 1919 On June 17 1919 Longren formed the Longren Aircraft Corp in Topeka Kansas using a former woolen mill in the Oakland suburb as the site for the new corporation The first aircraft to come out of the plant was the rebuilt Model H now resurrected as the H-2 It is unclear as to how the H-2 differed from the earlier Model H but by midshy1920 Longren had gone in yet another direction with the construction of the two-place Model D-2 - a small aircraft powered by a three-cylinder Y conshyfiguration Lawrence Model B engine of 35-60 hp Within a year the D-2 had evolved to become the Longren Model AK Sport

Described in the pages of Aviashy

tion and Aerial Age Weekly (Volume 11 Number 12 Sept 291921 pages 336-337 and Volume 14 Numshyber 3 Sept 26 1921 pages 55-56 respectively) the two-place Longren Sport or Fibre Sport was a sensational design that incorporated the three-ply laminated wooden monocoque fuseshylage of the 1916 Longren Bus and the 1917 Model H and a set of folding biplane wings to facilitate storage It is unclear as to how the fuselage of the Sport may have differed from earshylier Longren monocoque construcshytion techniques if at all

However a 1925 Longren patent describes the use of diamond-shaped wood fibre shell (procured from the National Fibre Co) being covered with an additional two layers of wood laminations on either side The fushyselage was made in upper and lower halves using steam-pipe-heated conshycrete male and female molds clamped together using 6000 pounds of presshysure The sections were then trimmed and dried with special provision for humidity control before being joined

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 29

to a framework of grooved ash longeshyrons and formers The fuselage formshyers were made of three-ply materials engine-bearing formers were made of a seven-ply material The formers were in turn attached to the fuseshylage shells with screws Finally the fushyselage was varnished inside and out with Valspar varnish the exterior reshyceiving a coat of pigmented varnish before a final clear coat

Sold with both Lawrence Model Lshy2 three-cylinder Y-style and Anzani sixshycylinder radial engines the Longren Fibre Sport was flown in several notashyble Midwestern aviation events during the early 1920s During the American Legion Air Meet at Kansas City (Octoshyber 31 - November 3 1921) the Sport made 38 consecutive loops while being flown by ND Trinler Two Sports were also flown during a special efficiency race held at Omaha Nebraska on Noshyvember 11 An AK Sport again flown by Trinler placed second with a speed of 7791 mph when flown over a 153shymile triangular course Later that Noshyvember two AK Sports were placed at the disposal of the Kansas City Star to deliver newspapers from Kansas City to Lawrence Kansas in record time During a game between the Missouri Tigers and the Kansasjayhawks a teleshygraph wired a play-by-play account of the football game to the Stars office The newspapers were then promptly set printed and delivered via aircraft to the Lawrence street vendors beshyfore departing fans were even able to reach their homes

After establishing a climb record for Longren aircraft in 1922 the Longren Sport attracted the attention of customshyers from as far away as China and the Soviet Union In 1923 the US Navy became interested and on February 19 1924 Lt jB Kneip flew the accepshytance tests for the first of three Lonshygren AK Sports that were sold to the Navy (serial numbered A6745 through A6747) The first machine was shipped to Washington DC for testing at the Anacostia Naval Air Station while the other two were delivered to Pensacola However documentation of their subshysequent testing and use by the Navy remains elusive

30 JUNE 2007

Photos of Longren Sports and the later NL-13 show the distinctive Lonshygren company logo painted on the side of the fuselage and perhaps a few words need to be said about it This consisted of four capital ilLs joined at the top of each letter This formed a crux gammata or swastika although the direction the letters pointed was counter-clockshywise as opposed the symbols use on aircraft flown by Nazi Germany in which the bottom of the ilLs point in a clockwise direction Prior to its adoption by the Nazi Party this ancient symbol was seen as far afield at the Southwestshyern United States where it was a sacred symbol of Native Americans and in Inshydia and in Runic Europe During The Great War the Indian head emblem of Seaplane Pilots Association (SPA) 124 included a crux gammata as part of the headdress worn by the Native Amerishycan chief tan In its time and place it was considered as a symbol of good forshytune and was in no way considered to be an insult In fact after World War I Finland adopted a grayish-blue crux

gammata inscribed within a white circle as the national insignia for its aircraft In Longrens case the ilL was inscribed with a second ilL and the rest of the letters in Longrens surname In addishytion to that a circular logo and was placed at the center of the emblem to which a set of wings and a propeller reached out to a point near the tips of the ilLs So as it turns out the Lonshygren swastika was covered by what might roughly be considered a crux

immissa or crucifix Longren had no connections to fascist idealism The company logo which originated in the Midwest in the early 20s was simply a clever play on the primary letter in Longrens surname

No matter how good an aircraft the Longren Sport was the company could not survive on such limited orders and the last aircraft was sold in May of 1924 The remaining company assets patents and facilities were sold at an auction in March 1926 The Longren Sport was resurrected briefly in 1928 when the American Eagle Aircraft Corporation of Kansas City Missouri built a solitary aircraft as the Model A-429 However the aircraft was much different than the

original Longren Sport and the design was not pursued further Following the collapse of his company Longren was hired by Willis Brown to become viceshypresident of production at the Spartan Aircraft Co in Tulsa When Brown left in 1929 Longren also moved on to beshycome a design consultant at the Butshyler Manufacturing Co at Kansas City Butler had planned to manufacture the Butler Blackhawk biplane However the company was unable to do this and all manufacturing was halted in 1931 At this pOint Longren made a deal to build a new airplane -- the NL-13

Registered as X12538 and sporting the distinctive Longren fuselage logo the NL-13 (NL possibly standing for New Longren) fuselage was built usshying a new machine-forming method for heat-treated duralumin sheets The upper and lower fuselage halves of the 1932 NL-13 biplane were joined to T-shaped longerons and riveted toshygether Fuselage formers also made of liT cross-section were riveted to the halves creating a very strong duralushymin semi-monocoque fuselage Like the earlier Longren AK the NL-13 had twin side-by-side seating The powerplant of the aircraft was a Martin 333 of 120 hp With the exception of the wing spars the NL-13 was of all-metal construction the wings being fabric covered

The aircraft was first tested by George Gay in August of 1932 At that time Gay worked for the aeronautics branch of the Civil Aeronautics Administrashytion (CAA) The aircraft was found to be slightly tail-heavy This was cured by a slight stabilizer adjustment The engine also suffered from a slight overshyheating problem This was corrected by enlarging the cooling louvers and subshystituting the original propeller with anshyother type

The NL-13 had a span of 28 feet and a length of 22 feet Apparently the goal of the NL-13 was to obtain a military contract After further testing at Roosshyevelt Field Long Island New York the fuselage of the NL-13 was sold to the United States Army Air Corps and underwent stress evaluation at Wright Field Dayton OhiO in june 1933 After slight modification to some of the stiff-

continued on page 37

Flying to me is all about having fun Its grass strips and old

friends and old airplanes The folks at AUA understand my kind

of flying and my kind of airplanes They provide great service

at very good rates and they know me as an individual not just

a policy number

- Darrell Jenkins

Dan-ell Jenkins Heber Springs AR

bull Private pilot single-engine land and sea

bull 500 hours total shy300 in taildraggers

bull Current aircraft 1948 Ercoupe 415-E

AUA is Vintage Aircraft Association approved To become a member of VAA call 800middot843middot3612

AUAs Exclusive fAA Vintage AircraftJUsociation Insurance Program

Lower liability and hull premiums - Medical payments induded - Fleet discounts for multiple aircraft carrying all risk coverages

continued from page 3

EAA Seeks to Preserve Access to Repair Station Services

EAA cautions that proposed aircraft repair station certification regulations could harm many small general aviashytion shops and adversely affect airshycraft owners seeking to maintain the airworthiness of their aircraft

The FAA estimates the cost for deshyveloping and implementing a new quality system called for by the proshyposed regulations at $34500 per reshypair station Many small operations cannot afford such an expense and it could force some to close their doors

We fear that these requirements would ultimately result in diminshyished availability of qualified and experienced maintenance expertise especially for the vintage fleet said Earl Lawrence EAA vice president of industry and regulatory affairs Airshycraft owners could be forced to use maintenance facilities with less speshycialized experience on their aircraft type making it more difficult to comshyplete major repairs and changes to small aircraft potentially impacting safety as well

EAA also questions the feasibility of requiring repair stations to mainshytain an approved capability list for each make series and model of airshycraft its permitted to work on Many small operators often inspect and maintain virtually hundreds of airshycraft types creating an administrashytive nightmare

EAA is willing to discuss how the FAA could best address its quality concerns while ensuring the ownshyers of small aircraft continue to have ready access to repair station services One suggestion EAA proposed is to exempt or lessen requirements for smaller shops with fewer than a given number of employees

EAAs full comments can be found at wwwEAAorgcommunications eaanewsRepa ir_Station_NPRM_Draftpdf The notice of proposed rulemaking is at httpDMSESDOTgovdocimages pdf99431749_webpdf 32 JUNE 2007

Young Eagle 13 Million Hails From New Mexico

Arlene Martinez in the right seat with volunteer Young Eagles pilot Paul Rachels

The EAA Young Eagles program the worlds most successful youth aviation initiative ever has registered the 13-millionth Young Eagle flown She is Arlene Martinez age 12 of Yuma Arizona who took her flight on March 17 at Somerton Airport (54AZ) in a Cessna 170 piloted by Paul Rachels EAA 633950 Rachels is president and Young Eagles coordinator for Yuma EAA Chapter 590

Arlene was very enthusiastic said Rachels who has flown 123 Young Eagles She definitely enjoyed the flight and would like to do it again He always gets a kick out of how kids react to their special flights Its as incredible an experience

for me as it is for them and I have 700 hours of flight time Steve Buss EAA Young Eagles executive director called it another important

milestone for the program which this year marks its 15th anniversary year-the birthday will be marked at AirVenture this year Its wonderful to recognize Paul and Arlenes flight but we also applaud the outstanding continuing support and enthusiasm for Young Eagles by our members We extend our congratulations to all who have helped the program reach this unprecedented level of participation

Nominations Due June 15 for EAA Young Eagles Awards Each year EAA honors several special volunteers at EAA AirVenture with the

annual Young Eagles awards and theres still time to nominate a deserving pershyson for 2007

Nominations for the following awards are being accepted through June 15

bull Chapter Coordinator bull Field Representative bull Ground Support Volunteer bull Young Eagles Humanitarian (presented for efforts to reach special needs

Young Eagles) bull Young Eagles Horizon Award (recognizing efforts to go beyond the basic

Young Eagles flight) Awards will be presented at a special ceremony held at EAA AirVenture Museshy

ums Eagle Hangar on Wednesday July 25 To download the official nomination form visit wwwYoungEaglesorgvolunteersaward_nominationpdf

BY BUCK HILBERT

The very beginning of airworthiness certificates pilot certificates

For many years Ive talked and writshy barnstormers and promote some ten about the beginnings of the Aero order and safety to their flying It had Club of America (ACA) now known one other side effect No record atshyas the National Aeronautic Associashy tempt or air show (or air meet as they tion (NAA) Ive explained how this were called back then) could be staged pioneer era appointed Orville Wright without the approval of the Aero as the chairman of the Contest amp Reshy Club which was affiliated with the cords Board and how a pilot registrashy international governing body the Feshytion program came into being deration Aeronautique Internationale

The World War I pilots returning (FAI) The contestant was required to home were barnstorming and othershy be a member of the Aero Club which wise doing their best to make a living then issued a certification to the pishyin aviation That led to attempts to lot Hence the FAlSporting License register and somehow civilize these old-timers would show was signed by

Certifying Aircraft and Pilots

AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATE IauecI to VIlICElll ASTOR Arw 23 W 26th Sl BYCit shy

m~ts CnltiUs that the Aircraft described below has been Inspected and found AiruIo~ for daylight llyin on AJIlI 0VEIl WUER OKLY

For the Fl)1nA Season of 1922 ~- ~-=l1=~== Cmlampato NJiI~_ _ -- UND ElV1UTEIS~OIlIS Iae

o o-_pmiIyenr3~J__I922 III _ - ~ t

_ _ Mri N=A1fefJ~mATE WAmR AmClWr _ _______ 1 - PQRIlrASRDWTCJN l T bull Y

N_- 01 AlOft to 5 M- 1-1 AJkwL c 9on MuwLOEBDIG AERO ElIGR C~IIoTNo 23-t SodoIH9~iF--__ 0- 30 pr 3 I~ _ 42 PT 6 U __ n 8 Pr _ 2700 4100 II UMIwI 1400 shy_ 130 M _Cd 20000 hlln_H_ 2S_ _ T LIBRRrY I I OBE __ US 32230 __ Do 5 000 - JfAJlJODS JULY 7 1922

Orville Wright It was a requirement of the federal government No federal requirement for a pilots certificate would come into being until the Air Commerce Act gave that authority and responsibility to the Department of Commerce on May 20 1926

In all of the information Ive read on the early days of the ACA later the NAA there was never any menshytion of aircraft standards or airworshythiness certificates I never quesshytioned it and as a matter of fact I never gave it a thought

Then along comes friend and Vinshytage member Mitch Wohl from Barrington Illinois and he drops two books on my desk The first one I picked up was titled A Symbol of Safety This book was first published in 1923 and tells all about the foundshying of the Underwriters Laboratories (UL) Reprinted in 1995 it goes into great detail as to the history of UL I found it very interesting

The second book published on the 100th anniversary of Underwritshyers Laboratories in 1994 amplifies a bit of the material that was pub-

This airworthiness certificate was issued by an Underwriters Laborashytories inspector Maj J W Jones who deemed the Loening Air Yacht of Vincent Astor to be in airworthy condishytion It is restricted to dayligbt flying and over water only Heres a photo of its sister ship from the 1922 Airshycraft Yearbook

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 3 3

Loening monoplane Flying Yacht 100 hp Liberty engine which made a world record for aHitude with three passengers and pilot 19500 feet

lished in the 1923 book Its entire theme is Making the World Safe for Technology What a revelation both regarding the organization s history in general and its involveshyment in aviation

The real beginnings were at the 1893 Worlds Fair at the Great White City in Chicago The Electricity Building had frequent visits by the fire brigade in response to the new alshyternating current electricity displays catching fire and causing problems It was then that William Henry Merrill began his testing lab which proved

electricity could be a servant rather than a master

Our only function is to serve not to profit We are doing someshything for manufacturers buyers and property owners everywhere We are doing things for humanity was a direct quote from Merrill This was the beginning of the lab The lab was funded by corporations that wanted their products tested as well as by the insurance underwriters themselves

From 1893 through 1905 the budshyget expanded from a mere $3000 to more than $300000 During that

The book goes into

great detail

as to physical

standards for

airmen There were

all sorts of tests

for altitude tolerance

fatigue and eyesight

and their standards

specify annual physicals

rAiLW~eeL5

srlINSON 15 JOCII~Y

34 JUNE 2007

time more than 7500 reports were published the lab moved to larger quarters it was chartered in Illinois and the landmark inspection and label service was established Within two years UL inspectors were at work in 67 citshyies UL got into everything electrical fire prevention fire extinguishers automobiles oil and gasses and transportashytion as well Thats where we come in airplanes

When the first commercial airplane takes off here in the USA in the 20s UL registers airplanes certifies pilots and issues the now rather quaint-sounding Rules of the Air

Im getting ahead of the full story but in a nutshell the National Aircraft Underwriters Association proposed and requested UL become the custodian of the official register of all aircraft pilots (other than government pilots) and take full charge of all details connected therewith

UL undertook this branch of the work on July I 1921 The book goes into great detail as to physical stanshy

dards for airmen There were all sorts of tests for altitude tolerance fatigue and eyesight and their standards specify annual physicals

No wonder the early birds were considered supermen The next step was to create a register of commercial and private aircraft On May I 1922 UL began a nationwide inspection service in order to make it possible to issue cershytificates of airworthiness for individual aircraft The details of the inspections and the people employed to conduct them is an early Whos Who in aviation The inspections were very stringent and as demanding for the aircraft as they were for the pilots

And that dear friends is the story of the first airworshythiness certificates They were all issued long before the Department of Commerce became involved and of course long before the creation of the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) and the Federal Aviation Administration

Little by little the freedoms of flight have been whittled down and the myriad of Federal Aviation Regulations we live with came about but here fellow pilots and aircraft owners was the very beginning and it was the insurance people who started it all I(

Over to you (( ~((~

~ Call to order your copies today

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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 35

BY HG FRAUTSCHY

THIS MONTHS MYSTERY PLANE PHOTO IS A BIT OF A MULLIGAN FOR THOSE OF YOU

WHO HAVE ENJOYED L1GHTPLANES FOR A NUMBER OF YEARS STILL NOT MUCH IS PUBLISHED ABOUT THIS RATHER ATTRACTIVE AMPHIBIAN

Send your answer to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box You can also send your response via e-mail Send 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Your answer needs your answer to mysteryplaneeaaorg Be sure to include to be in no later than July 15 for inclusion in the your name city and state in the body of your note and September 2007 issue of Vintage Airplane put I(Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line

MARCH S MYSTERY ANSWER

36 J UN E 2007

nology olph Dope

Heres a little about the March Mystery Plane

The subject Mystery Plane apshypears to be the Longren NL-13 sin 2 X12538 built in 1932 by Albin K Longren (1882-1950) in Kansas City Missouri Longren had been a design consultant for Butler Manushyfacturing Co during the certificashytion of the Butler Blackhawk and built the NL-13 in the Butler facility with help from Butler employees Butler had ceased production by that time in the depths of the Great Depression The NL-13 had an allshy

wing spars and the fabric wing covshyering The engine was a 120-hp Marshytin 333 inve rted inline with four cylinders The X12538 was the only NL-13 built and was not successful in reaching production although it was an ea rly example of formed alushyminum aircraft structures

My information comes from Aeroshyfilescom and from Chuck (Charles E) Lebrechts fine article entitled AK Longren - Pioneer Airman of the West published in American Aviation Historishycal Society Journal Vol26 No4 Winshyter 1981 pp258-270 Lebrechts article gives a great vjew of Longrens career as an aircraft designer and manufacturer

Jack Erickson State College Pennsylvania Other correct answers were reshy

ceived from WaIt House Wichshyita Kansas George Otto Snook Monroe Michigan John Miller Wamego Kansas Cam Bla ze r Leawood Kansas An extensive arshyticle on the airplane and AK Lonshygren written by Wesley Smith is also included in this issue of Vinshytage Airplane

metal airframe except for wooden 1---------------------------------shy

eners and bulkheads the NL-13 fuselage had a safety factor able to absorb 1683g

ahead of the center of gravity (CG) and 11g aft of the CG

This made the fuselage of the NL-13 considerably stronger than that of the Stearman YBT-3 Boeing P-26A Conshysolidated P-30 and Boeing P-12B with which it was compared the YBT-3 having a maximum g-Ioading potential of 109

both fore and aft of the CG While the reshyport recommended the possible adoption of Longrens construction techniques orshyders for the NL-13 were not forthcoming and no further examples were built

With the demise of Butler Longren went to work for himself using a porshytion of the former Butler factory at the Kansas City Municipal Airport In 1933-34 Longren did the initial metal work on the Luscombe Phantom and developed metal-working techniques with his partner Ivan Driggs Plans for opening another aircraft factory were put on hold when Cessn a reopened their Wichita Kansas facility in 1934 for production of the Cessna C-34 Cessna hired Longren as vjce-president a posishy

tion that he held until 1939 when he moved to Torrance California to open the Longren Aircraft Company

While Longren built no further airshycraft he became a successful subconshytractor of prefabricated components for other aircraft manufacturers After the end of World War II Longren sold his company and retired to a 3OOO-acre ranch at Adin Ca lifornia where he passed away due to a heart condition on Nov 19 1950 at age 68

The defini tive Longren article was written by Mr Charles E Lebrecht and was published in the Winter 1981 edishytion of the American Aviation Historical Society Journal (Volume 26 Number 4 pages 258-270) I am indebted to Mr Lebrechts excellent research for the inshyformation in this piece Further informashytion on AK Longren can be found in the pages of Aviation Quarterly (Mace Kenshyneth D Pioneer Airmen ofKansas Volshyume 5 Number 2 Second Quarter 1979 pages 152-163) Mr Maces article is also quite well-written and contains severshyal beautiful photos of Longrens aircraft as well as the 1908 Call Mayfly

VINTAGE A I RPLANE 37

The fo llowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter of information only and does not constishytute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed To submit an event send the information via mail to Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Or e-mail the information to vintageaircrafteaaorg Information should be received four months prior to the event date

JUNE S-IO-Union IL-Poplar Grove Airport Army Wings and Wheels Info Vintage Wings amp Wheels Museum 815-547middot3115 Tom Murray hiwheelsbcglobalnet

JUNE 14-17-St Louis MO-Dauster Flying Field Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) American Waco Club Flymiddotln Info Phil Coulson 269shy624-6490 or rcoulson516cscom www americanwacoclubcom

JUNE 20-2l--Lock Haven PA-William T Piper Memorial Airport (LHV) Sentimental Journey Fly-In Family oriented fly-in featuring antique and classic aircraft of all makes and models especially PIPERS Seminars vendors food camping and entertainment daily Come for the day or the week Call 570-893-4200 or 748shy5123 for more information j3cubkcnet org wwwsentimentaljourneyfly-incom

JUNE 21-24-Mt Vernon Ohio-Wynkoop Airport (6G4) 48th Annual National Waco Club Reunion Check www nationalwacoclubcom for more information and contact information Or email call Andy Heins 937 313 5931 wacoasoaolcom

JUNE 22-24-Gardner KA-Gardner Municipal Airport (K34) Greater KC VAA Chapter 16 Fly-in Contact Kevin Pratt 816-985-3248

JUNE 23-Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

JUNE 30-Chetek WI-The Chetek WI (Y23) 9AM car show craft fair and show a professional horse pull and a water ski show Plenty of food and drink available throughout the day For more info contact Chuck Harrison 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet or Tim Knutson 715-237shy2477 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

JUNE 31-Russellville KY- Russellville-Logan County Airport (4M7) 9th Annual All You Can Eat BarBQ Lunch 1100am - 200pm Rain Date July 5th Aircraft displays skydiving door prizes Everyone welcome For more information eaal165yahoo com wwwangelfirecom ky3 eaal165 Joe Lawrence 270-726-1558

JULY 4-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-llam For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

JULY 6-8--All iance Oh (2Dl)-Taylorcraft and Ohio Aeronca Aviators Fly-In See the airplanes built in Alliance OH amp Middletown

38 JU N E 2007

OH and the people that built them Camping motels food all day fbarberalliancelinkcom 330823-1168 bwmatzllacyahoocom 216 337-5643 httpwwwoaafy-incom see wwwbarberaircraftcom for airport diagrams Breakfast served Sat amp Sun 7AM to 11AM by EM Chapter 82

JULY 14-Zanesville OH-Parr Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

AUGUST 5-Queen City MO-Applegate Airport (15MO) 20th Annual Watermelon Fly-In amp BBQ 2pm til dark Come and see grass roots aviation at its best Info 660-766-2644

AUGUST S-Chetek WI-Southworth Municipal airport (Y23) BBQ Fly-In 1030am Warbird displays antique and unique airplanes antique amp collector car displays and raffles for airplane rides Procedes will be given to local charities Info Chuck Harrison - Office 715-924shy4501 Cell 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet Tim Knutson - Home 715-237-2477 Cell 651-308-2839 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

AUGUST 17-19--McMinnville OR-25th Annual West Coast Travel Air Reunion Come Celebrate the Rebirth of the Travel Air Expected to be the largest gathering of Vintage Travel Airs in recent times Held in conjunction with the Northwest Antique Airplane Club Event Info Bruce McElhoe 559-638-3746

AUGUST 18--Forest Lake MN-(25D)-Airport Fly-in and Open House lOam - 4pm 24shyhour gas and 24-hour grass 3000-foot 31 13 Forest Lake Lions serve brats corn-ltgtn-the-cob and ice cream 100LL is available John Schmidt EM 250021 St Paul Minnesota 651 776 1717

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-=-_tI 8015 CONCER

~oNO~Y )JY 13

presented by Ecpse ~1aton n 8lt ford otor col1pa y

Page 19: PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATIONmembers.eaavintage.org/wp...Vol-35-No-6-June-2007.pdf · PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION . ... Flightline Safety Committee and their

Danny Poulton holds open the top cowl to reveal the Continental C-SS installation It appears Danny has decided not to trust his Chief mechanical fuel gauges which are known to be troublesome and is using an old standby the wire and cork float gauge so common prior to World War II

In keeping with the restrained nature of Dannys customized Chief a few nice touches such as the upholstered side panels and polished control wheel caps brighten up the otherwise original-looking cabin Look closely and you can see the toe brake pedals on the pilots side of the cockpit Those pedals are seen only on the UBC UCC and lSAC Sedan

The tubular structure of the landing gear is covered with an aluminum fairshying leading to a nicely finished pair of replica fiberglass wheelpants The small cable attached to the trailing edge of the landing gear is a safety cable It was originally installed in case of a failshyure of the originally installed phenolic piston within the oleo strut Later after an airworthiness directive (47-20-02) and Aeronca Service Helps and Hints No 12 required changing the phenoshylic part to one made of aluminum the need for the cable was negated but most owners keep it just in case

monumental The first was to lose weight and the second to find a projshyect that fit his goals and skill levels

I didnt look long and actually found the Chief on eBay It belonged to an AampP in Michigan who had started to rebuild it and then decided to put it up for sale I hadnt done anything like this before so I was reshyally not sure of what I was doing but I hooked up my trailer and headed up to Michigan to buy the Chief That was in July of 2003

What he saw when he got to Michshyigan was enough to encourage him so he loaded it up and brought it back to South Carolina As is always the case however he wouldnt really know what he had until he did a thorshyough inventory back home

The large dorsal fin on the llBC Chief (also used on the UCC) makes identifishycation of the higher-horsepower Chiefs a bit easier

18 JUNE 2007

When we unloaded at home Gene came over and we spread the entire collecshytion of stuff out to see what was missing and what kind of work was going to be needed In general the airshyframe was actually in great shape because the AampP

had already started workshying on it and had finished the major compon ents The wings were more or less complete and fini shed

and the work was beautiful About all th ey needed were the leading edges and to be covered

The fuselag e tubing had been cleaned and painted and most of the fuselage wood was usable too Part of the airplanes condition is probshyably because it had only 400 hours on it and had spent most of its life stored inside somewhere We dont have much of the airplane s history but you could see by looking at the wood and steel that it hadnt been left outside to rot like so many Chiefs have been

When we were done inventorying it we found a lot of missing or unusshyable stuff that I hadn t noticed when picking it up It had no tail wheel or wing struts and the doors were not only the wrong doors but were badly crushed There were no control yokes and all of the logos were missing Same thing for all of the interior upshyholstery boards Plus there was esshysentially nothing firewall-forward I

Its still easy for most of those who h ave restored airplanes to rememshyber what it was like in the days beshyfore computers The dozens of trips to fly-markets the phone calls and the constant surveillance of Trade-ashyPlane were not only aggravating but added a huge amount of time to finshyishing the project Danny came into the Vintage world PC post computer so he was able to take full advantage of cyber searching for parts

Besides buying the airplane on eBay that service proved to be a tershyrific source for some of the rarer parts I needed Among other things thats

Whats in a Model Number By HG Frautschy

The differences between the llBC Chief and the llCC Super Chief are tough to spot but in todays sport pilot market one distinction can spell the

difference between flying one and just owning one

Both airplanes are powered by the Continental C85-8 and both came equipped with the rather clever McDowell starter The McDowell was vilified by

some as being a cheap substitute for an electrical starter but having had one

for years on my Super Chief Id have to say it s one of the neatest inventions

added to the postwar lightplane If treated with respect and used in the way the manufacturer intended it worked perfectly It did have one design weakness

that could have been easily solved but it didnt last long enough on the market to make it that far

The McDowell was activated using a cable with a ball swaged on the end

Because of the way the ball and cable were retained in the starters pulley

sheave the cable would fray and then break just below the ball or an overly

enthusiastic pull on the starter cable would pull the ball right off the end If Mcshy

Dowell had used a small fitting inside the sheeve to allow for a straight pull on

the cable (and if the cable had a ball and shank swaged fitting) Im convinced the McDowell would have been much more popular

It allowed for a lightweight starter to be installed on an airplane intended to be flown by casual travelers who were interested in ease of use and safety

It allowed my wife and her instructor both petite women to independently fly

the airplane without requiring a flip of the prop by someone else As long as

the engine was in good tune and one could reasonably expect the airplane to start when the impulse magneto fired the McDowell was a great way to pul l

the prop through safely

The 11BC and 11CC interiors were similar with a slight edge going to the

llCC for a few interior appointments added to enhance the automobile-like

feel to the cockpit Hap Granier the designer of the interior of all three postwar Aeroncas worked his magic on the Chiefs to give them a small sedan or coupe

feeling Bedford whipcord upholstery and side panels the zebrawood pattern wood-gra in-printed instrument panel and control wheels instead of control

sticks all contributed to that atmosphere

Both the 11CC and 11BC featured a large dorsal fin but the 11CC had a

different elevator stabilizer configuration That fact is sometimes lost on reshy

storers and aircraft modifiers who incorrectly (and illegally) put the earlier

11AC or llBC stab elevator combination on an llCC The 11CC has an aeroshy

dynamically balanced elevator designed to meet the hands-off gliding speed requirements of the then-new CAR 03 regulations Aeronca also had the llCC

certified in the Utility category as well as the Normal category with maximum gross weights of 1 290 and 1 350 pounds respectively That right there is a major difference in the airplanes as they are viewed in the market today The 11BC with a maximum gross weight of 1250 pounds is sport pilot eligible

while the llCC by virtue of its 1350 weight is not Interestingly a few llCC additions made it into the llBC as well Both

Chiefs as well as the four-place Aeronca Sedan shared the same rudder brake pedals with toe brakes instead of the heel brakes seen on the Champ Both feature flight characteristics similar to the Champ with the Chiefs having

the edge when it comes to cross-country flights With a 70-pound baggage alshylowance and up to 23 gallons of fuel on board the Chief is a great traveling machine if you re not in a hurry But when you re flying something as pretty as

a Chief whos in a big hurry

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 1 9

BONNIE KRATZ

He Danny Poultons Aeronca Chief features a custom color scheme that is reminiscent of the original decoration composed by Hap Granier for Aeroncas4012E side-by-side personal airplane

where I~gOt~t~h~e~iiiiiiiiiiibullbullbullbull con- trol yoke covers with the Aeronca logos the ashshytrays the bezels and the air box for the cabin heat I even found the pishytot tube and hand brake on eBay If I would have had to physically search for all of that stuff Id probably still be looking

Wag-Aero came to the rescue in supplying the struts and wing leadshying edges

III was able to use most of the origishynal boot cowl but the original noseshybowl was really bad and was cut for the McDowell starter so I used an STCd fiberglass replacement If I find a good original I may change that

11Th is airplane came out of the facshytory with toe brakes which were with the airplane and I stayed with the mechanical brakes and just installed new pads You dont really need

20 JUNE 2007

brakes on the airshyplane for anything so they work just fine

Danny was planning on flying the airplane a lot and added a venturi so he could run an artificial horizon and added air vent holes

When we were doing the inteshyrior there was no kit available for the headliner so a neighbor Phyllis Dalshyton sewed one up using the original material found on Chiefs That was really tedious Then I made the side panels and covered them with Airtex fabric and had to fabricate a new bagshygage door and make the boards for the seats

The panel had already been cleaned so the wood grain was gone but I decided not to try to put it on I did however make two metal glove

compartments for it The sliding windows were

original to the airplane but the polished prop isnt I just thought it looked betshyter polished

When the airframe was done and ready to be covered Danny went with Poly-Fiber and shot it with Aeroshythane but not in the original colshyors or scheme

IIAirtex had some sample seat covers for the airplane that were inexpensive so I bought them and had the paint mixed to go with the seat covers Also the paint stripes arent original They

mimic the factory scheme but arent exact I should also mention that I had some help with the fabric from Larry and Phyllis Dalton who helped cover the airplane This was my first time and they made it easy

Since Danny had no engine he was starting from scratch in that area The original was a C8S-8 but with his papaerwork he found a Supplemental Type Certificate (STC) that opened interesting new avenues

There was part of an STC in our paperwork that would let me install a -12 engine and that would allow me to have an electric starter which I reshyally wanted The problem was that the STC wasnt complete Plus the -8 mount is

than the shy12 so its not

a plug-andshyplay

change and I

expected some problems

getting the papershywork straightened out

I called the Atshylanta Flight Stanshydards District Office and really

lucked out The Coshylumbia Federal Aviashy

tion Agency (FAA) field examiner came out looked the airplane over and said hed be happy to clean up the paperwork and submit it to Atlanta for me What I thought was going to be a problem turned out to be quite easy

Unfortunately Danny found out that things dont always go easy when restoring an airplane and his headaches came in the form of his first engine

I had two sons

Dale and lD

and a wonderful

wife and 1 didnt

want to lose all of

that just because

1 was overweight

So 1 started

looking for an

airplane to rebuild

as a way to keep

myself busy

I bought a C8S-12 that had been overhauled I had flown it for about 22 hours when one cylinder lost a lot of compression so we pulled the jug When we got inside we found that the rod was just banging around in there and was loose on the crank When we split the case we found the crank was badly scored and a lot of metal had gone through the engine so I had to find another one

The second engine was freshly overhauled by an FAA-certified shop

in 2000 after a prop strike The guy I bought it from was building a homebuilt and

was afraid that the engine was going to sit too long before his

project was completed so he sold it Everything checked out to be perfect and it has been humming along with no problems since day one

We flew the airplane for the first time July I 2006 and I had a local pilot Gary Dalton do the test hop I dont mind telling you that I was nershyvous watching it When I flew it for the first time I had only 10 hours of tailshywheel time Id logged while getting my tail wheel endorsement I was a little nervous then too but everything went beautifully When we flew it it was alshymost exactly three years to the day that we unloaded it from the trailer

When I started I guess I became a little compulsive about working on it Id eat in the hangar work until 10 or 11 every night and sometimes Id wake up in the middle of the night and go out and work on it When Id get home from church on Sunday Id change clothes and go out and get something done Im glad I did it that way because it really helped me with the other problem

In the process of restoring his Chief Danny met several goals The first was finishing and flying his own Chief but the second and more imshyportant was taking control of his life From the time he started the Chief to the time he flew it he lost 230 pounds and added no telling how many years to his life Most people have difficulty committing to just finishing an airshyplane so Danny is to be congratushylated for two jobs well done ~

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 21

~The Bmiddot thof

Creating a classic design BY CHESTER L PEEK PHD

Could you in three months time design and build a new light plane without tools or factory and with very little money Impossible you say But that is just what eG Tayshylor did in the spring of 1936 when he introduced the legendary Taylorshycraft to the aviation world Heres the story

In the last week of December 1935 eG Taylor was confined to his bed ill and completely discourshy

aged Days before he and Bill Piper Hangar at Butler Pennsylvania 1936 Still in use today had signed a legal document that dissolved their troubled partnership For Taylors share of the Taylor Cub company (which was in debt more than $90000) he received approximately $5000 to be paid out in small installments over three years

Byron Shinn knew Taylor well both as a customer and friend In a 1991 letter he describes Taylors situashytion and subsequent events

Back in the 1930s we had a small manufacturing comshypany located in one of the hangars on the Butler Pennsylvashynia airport called The Shinn Devices Company We made aluminum wheels for aircraft 4 bead diameter 700X4 tire and at that time sold them to most of the light aircraft manshyufacturers including the Taylor and Piper organization in Bradford Pennsylvania We had a quite complete machine shop and engineering design business I remember how Taylorcraft got started One very cold winter day probably in December 1935 I drove up to see Taylor in Bradford The roads were terrible ice coated and I almost had several acshycidents When I got there I found Taylor sick in bed and in a very discouraged frame of mind He had just been kicked out of his company by Piper and had little or no money or employment I told him with his abilities as an aircraft deshysigner and builder that he should certainly try to get back in the business and offered to help if I could

I went back to Butler and contacted D Bar Peat who was a promoter a very nice fellow who was running the Butler

Ken SchoHer about 1980 airport I asked if he could raise some money to start Tayshy22 JUNE 2007

TAYLORCRAFT BY C 6 TAYLOR PlmBUR6H-BUTLER AIRPORT BunER PA

STABLE FAST A NEW LIGHT PLANE ECONOMICAL LOWPRICED

First Taylorcraft ad February 1936 Aero Digest

First Taylorcraft specifications Photo is of a model

during the

Depression

you NEVER

left a job

Yet these men

deeply loyal

to Taylor

came with him

to this chancy

new venture Byron Shinn about 1936

TAYLORCRAFT Model A

ATe pendingB_ Span 36 (11 m) Length 22 (67 m) Heicht 6 8 (21 m) Wm area 169 fLgt (156 ml) Power Ioodiaa 2IS IbsJhp (118 kcJho) WioJ Ioadma 58 1bbullJIt (293 kcl) Weicht empty 570 Ibs (259 kg) U falload 420 Ibs (190 kc) Payload 181 lbo (82 kcl Gr weiht m lbo (449kcr Bant I Ibs (5 kg) Fuel 10 gals

~L~~L11t1iLk hp

~~~gtam~~hm~~49 kph) l~ mph (51h ) Semlte laquoiliaC 101000 ft (4260 m) imb per min 400 It (122 tn) Cruig rang 210 mi (371 1aD) ~ F welded eel tubg four JODIeIODS of proareqjve diameters wood faired and fabric conrcd removable maine mouat j streued fot SO hp installamiddot tion Wg two paDdJ bolted to fuselafefabric _ ~ oectioo With eJlipticalJy rOUDded tips JOlid apruce JPlrs

Zplace ATC

metal ribs fabricated from drawn NicraJ secshytions sinclc drag wire bracinc built-up metal frame ailerons fabric COYered and of the balanced type with DO exposed horns

=r~~brTc ~~ai~~~wd~ removable fin elentor and stabiliurs inshyterlthanaeable right or IefL Landing rear =evbsor~ closed~~~es color ocJlulosc finish with trim Two-place flex-wine seat 39 inches ide--by-lide cabin fabric lined and fire-wall sound proofed all control cables and fittinp in the cabin are fully enclosed Baggag compartment 6- X 9- X w- back of seaL

~~6oo-~~bS~ wbeds DuPont Pluticell 1rindJhield rulr her mounted illltrument pampDe1 ~ Aeromarinc altimeter U S 011

~~itfra~~ pass or other instnunmts extra

Carlson and Harold White who were engineers Ken Tibbits and Les Salshychow Parks College graduates along with mechanics Colby Carpenter and William Crawford All these men had good secure jobs with Piper and durshying the Depression you NEVER left a job Yet these men deeply loyal to Taylor came with him to this chancy new venture All would eventually rise to responsible executive posishytions with Taylorcraft

Ken Scholter a local mechanic was hired as a welder Contemposhyrary reports credit him with most of the welding on the new plane Forshytunately he was also an amateur photographer and documented the building process on film He furshynished most of the photos shown in this article

Shinn resumes I When Taylor came to Butler he had very little money we all had very little money at that time I believe he got a small settlement from Piper for his share of the Cub company This was in the depths of the Depresshysion We doled the money out a few dolshylars at a time and started to build the first plane We used our machine shop to make the draw bench to make the rib parts and to make most of the parts jigs and dies that required machining

An engineering department was set up I hired a draftsman when Ray Carlshyson moved down from Bradford Tayshylor and the mechanics would make the parts and then the draftsman would

lor up again in the airplane business He along with Col make the drawings We designed a new wheel for the plane Breckenridge and some others did raise a little money about lightweight and very strong being constructed of an alumishy$1000 as I recall enough to include the building of the jigs num stamping fastened to a cast aluminum end rim Tayshyand fixtures and the first plane We moved Taylor and his lor and I also developed the new tapered axle which was family to Butler rented him a house and started work in a lighter and less costly A new Goodrich tire size 600 x 6 vacant hangar on the Butler airport SeveraL of Taylors men was used from Bradford came with him II The plane was designed and built during the first four

Actually six key Bradford employees left Piper and to five months of 1936 This must have been some sort of joined Taylor in the new enterprise They were Ray record When the plane was finished the test pilot Tibbits

VINTA GE A IR PLANE 23

One day we came to work

to find trucks backed up

to the hangar and Taylor

hauling away all the

Taylorcraft parts Batch of Shinn 800 x 4 wheelsjigs and fixtures

started the test flights First he taxied the plane up and down the runway then flew it the length of the runway just off the ground then made flights a bit higher and finally made circuits The plane flew very well but would not stall The CAA required proper recovery from a stall so Taylor worked on the horizontal tail surfaces so that a stall could be induced and the plane passed the CAA tests

Taylor was a design genius The CAA had just released a new-design wing curve and Taylor was the first I

ffi believe to use it The wing curve was ~ ~ faster and had a soft stall ~ This was the NACA 23012 airfoil z ~ Taylor once told the author that in

Fuselage structure 1935 he built a set of wings for the Cub using that airfoil but Piper veshytoed the change They were hanging on a wall when the Bradford factory burned in 1937

Shinn says I started an advertising campaign beginning with a very small ad in Aero Digest saying IISomething new is coming in Aviation The next ads told a little more People were very enthusiastic about the new plane It was much advanced over the Cub beshying faster with side-by-side seating and wheel controls Before long we had reshyceived down payments from over 50 customers $200 each as I recall This

ffi was due to correspondence with old ~ ~ Taylor Cub dealers and the Aero Dishy~ z gest ad In a 1992 interview Bob UJ

Taylor eGs son confirmed thisWing details He remembered his father waking

24 JUNE 2007

First A-40 run-up May 1936

him up one night in Butler and showing him $10000 in down payments

The first ad appeared in the February issue of Aero Digest and is shown on this page A later ad showed a photo of the plane but since no plane had been comshypleted at that time it was actually a snapshot of a model CG Taylor built on his kitchen table First the new trademark Taylorcraft was used but when Beechcraft threatened legal action claiming Taylorcraft sounded too much like Beechcraft the ads were changed to read Airplanes by GG Taylor However they resumed us-

CG Taylor and a Model ATaylorcraft 1936

ing the Taylorcraft name after sevshyeral months

Shinn continues D Bar Peat was always trying to promote the plane On Sundays they would put on an air show at the Butler airport and 200 to 300 people would atshytend Som e way he got the Taylorshycraft to lead the way when all the planes taxied by the grandstand at the Cleveland Air Races

Meanwhile in the hangar facshytory the prototype plane was beshying rushed to completion but not fast enough to suit Taylor He

once told the author I was away ~ from the plant for three days havshyo ~ ing given instructions to complete sect the engine mount When I returned

it was not done I hung the engine in the right place with a chain hoist we

cut the tubing to (it and it was done in an hour On May 1 the Continental A-40 engine SIN 635

was run up for the first time then on May 8 Taylor signed an application for an experimental certificate Only eight days later on Saturday May 16 CAA inshyspector RA Young witnessed the test flight and issued certificate X-16393 to the first Taylorcraft SIN 25 Apshyproximately three months had elapsed from the time construction was started until the new plane was airshyborne A remarkable achievement

It was a beautiful plane sleek and streamlined a far VINTAGE AIRPLANE 25

Test flight of the first Taylorcraft May 1936

1 rryen~~A1~~~ )~ ~- shyITS A - -=- (=- = --- I FAF

BEAUTY 51495middot00-----shy~GRACEFULLY CONTINENTAL

STREAMLINED - - _ MOTOR

C G TAYL O R bull PlttsburqhmiddotBuUer Airport bull Bu tler Penna

April 1936 ad in Aero Digest

cry from Taylors boxy square-cornered E-2 Cub With side-by-side seating and wheel controls it rivaled much larger more expensive planes such as the Waco and Stinson Weight had been kept to a minimum the proshytotype weighed only 570 pounds It was much faster than the Cub The first prospective customers who flew the plane verified the advertised cruising speed of 80 mph In a race with two locals an Aeronca C-3 and a Kinner Fleet the Taylorcraft won easily

The investors at Butler were elated With nearly 100 orders and down payments received for their new plane they envisioned a rapid production buildup and the prospects of a thriving profitable enterprise Their faith however had been misplaced

Shinn continues But unknown to D Bar Peat and me Taylor had been talking to others about financing and a place to manufacture the plane One day we came to work to find trucks backed up to the hangar and Taylor haulshying away all the Taylorcraft parts jigs and fixtures They moved to Alliance Ohio where they got one years free rent on a large old airplane factory financing and tax breaks D Bar Peat and I retained a lawyer to try to get back our inshyvestment eventually getting back some shares ofTaylorcraft 26 JUNE 2007

stock instead of money And Piper quit buying my wheels and switched to Hayes

Happily Taylor and Shinn soon put their legal difshyferences behind them and remained good friends and business associates for many years

Shinn was not alone in his disappointment when the unexpected move came Scholter was out of a job In 1992 he made this comment They left Butler owing me almost a months pay which I never got But they did give me a very nice letter of recommendation

The Alliance Review newspaper proudly announced the arrival of the new aircraft enterprise in its July 9 1936 edition But that is a story for another day

Authors note When researching my book The Taylorcraft Story in

1992 I was privileged to personally interview four prishymary information sources regarding the Butler Pennshysylvania events eG Taylor Bob Taylor Ken Scholter and Byron Shinn The history above was taken from those interviews and contemporary newspaper articles

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LIN COL N MERCURY

EXTRA The Butler Manufacturing Co NL-I3 biplane

The March 2007 Mystery Plane is the 1932 Butler Manufacturing Co NL-13 biplane designed by Albin Kasper Longren (sometimes simply reshyferred to as the Longren NL-13)

AK Longren had a very long and interesting aviation career Born in a log cabin near Clay Center Kansas in 1882 he was the one of 14 children born to Swedish immigrant homeshystead farmers Charles and Emma Lonshygren In 1901 he took a business course from the International Corresponshydence School (ICS) which he followed up with an ICS diploma in mechanical engineering from 1907-1911

Longrens interest in aviation beshygan with his observations of Henry L Call in 1908 Call originally a New York lawyer author and socialist had moved to Girard Kansas in February of 1908 in order to construct a large and ungainly flying machine powered by two 20-hp Curtiss B-4 engines Known as the Mayfly and The Chicken (among other colorful names) the airshycraft failed to fly despite modification Call enjoyed the support of the nashytional socialist newspaper An Appeal to Reason and constructed several aircraft under the aegis of The Aerial Navigashytion Company of America starting in 1908 before the company changed its name

Beginning in 1911 Call manushyfactured two-cylinder and fourshycylinder horizontally opposed air-cooled engines which h e marshyketed to would-be aviators through

28 JUNE 2007

BY WESLEY SMITH

advertisements (primarily in Aircraft and Fly magazines published by Alshyfred W Lawson of 1920 Lawson Airshyliner fame) The two-cylinder Call was rated at 45 hp and the four-cylshyinder engine was rated at 90 hp Call engines were among the first aircraft engine to be fitted with mufflers an individual muffler being attached to the exhaust port of each cylinder

With his brother EJ Longren and a mechanic named William Janeke Longren constructed a Curtiss-type pusher biplane in Topeka Kansas Beshygun in the summer of 1910 the Toshypeka I was not completed until the fall of 1911 Fitted with a 60-hp Hall-Scott A-2 a water-cooled V-8 the Topeka I became the first successful aircraft to be completed in the state of Kansas Longren made his first flight on Sepshytember 2 and on September 5 1911 he made two flights the first flight reaching about 225 feet in altitude and covering 15 miles and the secshyond reaching about 300 feet and covshyering six miles

Of course Longren was only one of numerous individuals who built Curtiss-type pushers Plans for early Herring-Curtiss machines were pubshylished in Aeronautics and other aviashytion periodicals as well as in books With some individual alterations many such aircraft were built in the United States prior to Americas entry into World War 1

At any rate Longren soon went into the exhibition business with

H Young renaming the Topeka I as the Dixie Flyer The words Dixie Flyer - AK Longren - Aviator were painted on the underside of the Topeka IDishyxie Flyers monoplane canard Between 1911 and 1914 Longren gave 1372 exhibition flights in Kansas Texas Oklahoma Nebraska and Colorado for the Young Aviation Co

In 1912 Longren built a second Curshytiss-type with a Hall-Scott A-2 This airshycraft incorporated the improvements Curtiss had made to his newer aircraft during 1911-1912 and in due course the mid-gap ailerons were moved to the trailing edges of the upper wing This aircraft was sold to Longrens forshymer student and friend Phil Billard who used it to give exhibition flights This aircraft sometimes known as the Topeka II was presented to the Kansas State Historical Society in 1938 where it still exists as a display

In the spring of 1914 Longren took time to marry Ms Dolly Trent Later that winter (1914-1915) Longren built his first entirely original aircraft design - a two-place tractor biplane again seshylecting the reliable Hall-Scott as the powerplant During an exhibition at the Dickson County Fair at Abilene on September 9 1915 the aircraft stalled on takeoff and was destroyed hitting an automobile that was leaving the fairshygrounds Longrens passenger was relashytively unscathed but Longren suffered a broken leg and several internal injuries

While recovering from his injushyries in early 1916 Longren with Phil

Billard began the construction of his fourth aircraft the Model G The Model G was a clean two-place tractor biplane with a strong resemblance to a Curtiss IN-4 In fact it was powered by a Curtiss OX-2 and was intended for sale to the warring European powers However only two were sold one to the Kansas National Guard the other being used for exhibition flights

Late in the year Longren built a small tractor biplane sometimes reshyferred to as the Longren Bus The conshystruction featured a three-ply wooden monocoque fuselage and was built for William Burt of Okmulgee Oklahoma A second machine was constructed for Lester Miller of Dallas Texas who inshytended to use the aircraft for aerobatic exhibitions By late 1917 Longren had moved on to another two-place design known as the Model H As in the case of the earlier Longren Bus the Model H used a wooden monocoque fuselage The Model H was powered by a Curshytiss 90-hp OX-5 engine unfortunately while on his way to Kansas City Misshysouri Longren suffered an engine failshyure near Wakarusa Kansas The aircraft was destroyed in a crash which proved fatal to a cow standing in the field in which Longren was forced down He was made to pay $10000 in restitution to the angry farmer After that interest in the Model H faded away

Late in 1917 Longren became involved with Frederick W Buck MD ME and applied for a posishytion as chief engineer with the Buck Aircraft and Munitions Co of Denshyver To what extent Longren became involved with Dr Buck is unknown Buck (a long with Elmer Sperry and later Charles F Kettering at DaytonshyWright) had plans to develop and sell an aerial torpedo - essentially a small 50-hp biplane cruise misshysile which was intended to fly on a preprogrammed course then shed its wings at the proper time and place depositing a bomb contained within the crude fuselage framework

Longrens career took another path after his debacle with the Model H After failing to establish a new airshycraft company in Overland Park Kansas Longren eventually took a

position at McCook Field as an airshycraft inspector The Great War had cost Longrens friend Phil Billard his life when he was killed in a flying accident while serving in Issoudun France Longrens position at McshyCook had allowed him the opportushynity to examine every domestic and foreign-built aircraft tested there unshytil the time of his departure in 1919 On June 17 1919 Longren formed the Longren Aircraft Corp in Topeka Kansas using a former woolen mill in the Oakland suburb as the site for the new corporation The first aircraft to come out of the plant was the rebuilt Model H now resurrected as the H-2 It is unclear as to how the H-2 differed from the earlier Model H but by midshy1920 Longren had gone in yet another direction with the construction of the two-place Model D-2 - a small aircraft powered by a three-cylinder Y conshyfiguration Lawrence Model B engine of 35-60 hp Within a year the D-2 had evolved to become the Longren Model AK Sport

Described in the pages of Aviashy

tion and Aerial Age Weekly (Volume 11 Number 12 Sept 291921 pages 336-337 and Volume 14 Numshyber 3 Sept 26 1921 pages 55-56 respectively) the two-place Longren Sport or Fibre Sport was a sensational design that incorporated the three-ply laminated wooden monocoque fuseshylage of the 1916 Longren Bus and the 1917 Model H and a set of folding biplane wings to facilitate storage It is unclear as to how the fuselage of the Sport may have differed from earshylier Longren monocoque construcshytion techniques if at all

However a 1925 Longren patent describes the use of diamond-shaped wood fibre shell (procured from the National Fibre Co) being covered with an additional two layers of wood laminations on either side The fushyselage was made in upper and lower halves using steam-pipe-heated conshycrete male and female molds clamped together using 6000 pounds of presshysure The sections were then trimmed and dried with special provision for humidity control before being joined

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 29

to a framework of grooved ash longeshyrons and formers The fuselage formshyers were made of three-ply materials engine-bearing formers were made of a seven-ply material The formers were in turn attached to the fuseshylage shells with screws Finally the fushyselage was varnished inside and out with Valspar varnish the exterior reshyceiving a coat of pigmented varnish before a final clear coat

Sold with both Lawrence Model Lshy2 three-cylinder Y-style and Anzani sixshycylinder radial engines the Longren Fibre Sport was flown in several notashyble Midwestern aviation events during the early 1920s During the American Legion Air Meet at Kansas City (Octoshyber 31 - November 3 1921) the Sport made 38 consecutive loops while being flown by ND Trinler Two Sports were also flown during a special efficiency race held at Omaha Nebraska on Noshyvember 11 An AK Sport again flown by Trinler placed second with a speed of 7791 mph when flown over a 153shymile triangular course Later that Noshyvember two AK Sports were placed at the disposal of the Kansas City Star to deliver newspapers from Kansas City to Lawrence Kansas in record time During a game between the Missouri Tigers and the Kansasjayhawks a teleshygraph wired a play-by-play account of the football game to the Stars office The newspapers were then promptly set printed and delivered via aircraft to the Lawrence street vendors beshyfore departing fans were even able to reach their homes

After establishing a climb record for Longren aircraft in 1922 the Longren Sport attracted the attention of customshyers from as far away as China and the Soviet Union In 1923 the US Navy became interested and on February 19 1924 Lt jB Kneip flew the accepshytance tests for the first of three Lonshygren AK Sports that were sold to the Navy (serial numbered A6745 through A6747) The first machine was shipped to Washington DC for testing at the Anacostia Naval Air Station while the other two were delivered to Pensacola However documentation of their subshysequent testing and use by the Navy remains elusive

30 JUNE 2007

Photos of Longren Sports and the later NL-13 show the distinctive Lonshygren company logo painted on the side of the fuselage and perhaps a few words need to be said about it This consisted of four capital ilLs joined at the top of each letter This formed a crux gammata or swastika although the direction the letters pointed was counter-clockshywise as opposed the symbols use on aircraft flown by Nazi Germany in which the bottom of the ilLs point in a clockwise direction Prior to its adoption by the Nazi Party this ancient symbol was seen as far afield at the Southwestshyern United States where it was a sacred symbol of Native Americans and in Inshydia and in Runic Europe During The Great War the Indian head emblem of Seaplane Pilots Association (SPA) 124 included a crux gammata as part of the headdress worn by the Native Amerishycan chief tan In its time and place it was considered as a symbol of good forshytune and was in no way considered to be an insult In fact after World War I Finland adopted a grayish-blue crux

gammata inscribed within a white circle as the national insignia for its aircraft In Longrens case the ilL was inscribed with a second ilL and the rest of the letters in Longrens surname In addishytion to that a circular logo and was placed at the center of the emblem to which a set of wings and a propeller reached out to a point near the tips of the ilLs So as it turns out the Lonshygren swastika was covered by what might roughly be considered a crux

immissa or crucifix Longren had no connections to fascist idealism The company logo which originated in the Midwest in the early 20s was simply a clever play on the primary letter in Longrens surname

No matter how good an aircraft the Longren Sport was the company could not survive on such limited orders and the last aircraft was sold in May of 1924 The remaining company assets patents and facilities were sold at an auction in March 1926 The Longren Sport was resurrected briefly in 1928 when the American Eagle Aircraft Corporation of Kansas City Missouri built a solitary aircraft as the Model A-429 However the aircraft was much different than the

original Longren Sport and the design was not pursued further Following the collapse of his company Longren was hired by Willis Brown to become viceshypresident of production at the Spartan Aircraft Co in Tulsa When Brown left in 1929 Longren also moved on to beshycome a design consultant at the Butshyler Manufacturing Co at Kansas City Butler had planned to manufacture the Butler Blackhawk biplane However the company was unable to do this and all manufacturing was halted in 1931 At this pOint Longren made a deal to build a new airplane -- the NL-13

Registered as X12538 and sporting the distinctive Longren fuselage logo the NL-13 (NL possibly standing for New Longren) fuselage was built usshying a new machine-forming method for heat-treated duralumin sheets The upper and lower fuselage halves of the 1932 NL-13 biplane were joined to T-shaped longerons and riveted toshygether Fuselage formers also made of liT cross-section were riveted to the halves creating a very strong duralushymin semi-monocoque fuselage Like the earlier Longren AK the NL-13 had twin side-by-side seating The powerplant of the aircraft was a Martin 333 of 120 hp With the exception of the wing spars the NL-13 was of all-metal construction the wings being fabric covered

The aircraft was first tested by George Gay in August of 1932 At that time Gay worked for the aeronautics branch of the Civil Aeronautics Administrashytion (CAA) The aircraft was found to be slightly tail-heavy This was cured by a slight stabilizer adjustment The engine also suffered from a slight overshyheating problem This was corrected by enlarging the cooling louvers and subshystituting the original propeller with anshyother type

The NL-13 had a span of 28 feet and a length of 22 feet Apparently the goal of the NL-13 was to obtain a military contract After further testing at Roosshyevelt Field Long Island New York the fuselage of the NL-13 was sold to the United States Army Air Corps and underwent stress evaluation at Wright Field Dayton OhiO in june 1933 After slight modification to some of the stiff-

continued on page 37

Flying to me is all about having fun Its grass strips and old

friends and old airplanes The folks at AUA understand my kind

of flying and my kind of airplanes They provide great service

at very good rates and they know me as an individual not just

a policy number

- Darrell Jenkins

Dan-ell Jenkins Heber Springs AR

bull Private pilot single-engine land and sea

bull 500 hours total shy300 in taildraggers

bull Current aircraft 1948 Ercoupe 415-E

AUA is Vintage Aircraft Association approved To become a member of VAA call 800middot843middot3612

AUAs Exclusive fAA Vintage AircraftJUsociation Insurance Program

Lower liability and hull premiums - Medical payments induded - Fleet discounts for multiple aircraft carrying all risk coverages

continued from page 3

EAA Seeks to Preserve Access to Repair Station Services

EAA cautions that proposed aircraft repair station certification regulations could harm many small general aviashytion shops and adversely affect airshycraft owners seeking to maintain the airworthiness of their aircraft

The FAA estimates the cost for deshyveloping and implementing a new quality system called for by the proshyposed regulations at $34500 per reshypair station Many small operations cannot afford such an expense and it could force some to close their doors

We fear that these requirements would ultimately result in diminshyished availability of qualified and experienced maintenance expertise especially for the vintage fleet said Earl Lawrence EAA vice president of industry and regulatory affairs Airshycraft owners could be forced to use maintenance facilities with less speshycialized experience on their aircraft type making it more difficult to comshyplete major repairs and changes to small aircraft potentially impacting safety as well

EAA also questions the feasibility of requiring repair stations to mainshytain an approved capability list for each make series and model of airshycraft its permitted to work on Many small operators often inspect and maintain virtually hundreds of airshycraft types creating an administrashytive nightmare

EAA is willing to discuss how the FAA could best address its quality concerns while ensuring the ownshyers of small aircraft continue to have ready access to repair station services One suggestion EAA proposed is to exempt or lessen requirements for smaller shops with fewer than a given number of employees

EAAs full comments can be found at wwwEAAorgcommunications eaanewsRepa ir_Station_NPRM_Draftpdf The notice of proposed rulemaking is at httpDMSESDOTgovdocimages pdf99431749_webpdf 32 JUNE 2007

Young Eagle 13 Million Hails From New Mexico

Arlene Martinez in the right seat with volunteer Young Eagles pilot Paul Rachels

The EAA Young Eagles program the worlds most successful youth aviation initiative ever has registered the 13-millionth Young Eagle flown She is Arlene Martinez age 12 of Yuma Arizona who took her flight on March 17 at Somerton Airport (54AZ) in a Cessna 170 piloted by Paul Rachels EAA 633950 Rachels is president and Young Eagles coordinator for Yuma EAA Chapter 590

Arlene was very enthusiastic said Rachels who has flown 123 Young Eagles She definitely enjoyed the flight and would like to do it again He always gets a kick out of how kids react to their special flights Its as incredible an experience

for me as it is for them and I have 700 hours of flight time Steve Buss EAA Young Eagles executive director called it another important

milestone for the program which this year marks its 15th anniversary year-the birthday will be marked at AirVenture this year Its wonderful to recognize Paul and Arlenes flight but we also applaud the outstanding continuing support and enthusiasm for Young Eagles by our members We extend our congratulations to all who have helped the program reach this unprecedented level of participation

Nominations Due June 15 for EAA Young Eagles Awards Each year EAA honors several special volunteers at EAA AirVenture with the

annual Young Eagles awards and theres still time to nominate a deserving pershyson for 2007

Nominations for the following awards are being accepted through June 15

bull Chapter Coordinator bull Field Representative bull Ground Support Volunteer bull Young Eagles Humanitarian (presented for efforts to reach special needs

Young Eagles) bull Young Eagles Horizon Award (recognizing efforts to go beyond the basic

Young Eagles flight) Awards will be presented at a special ceremony held at EAA AirVenture Museshy

ums Eagle Hangar on Wednesday July 25 To download the official nomination form visit wwwYoungEaglesorgvolunteersaward_nominationpdf

BY BUCK HILBERT

The very beginning of airworthiness certificates pilot certificates

For many years Ive talked and writshy barnstormers and promote some ten about the beginnings of the Aero order and safety to their flying It had Club of America (ACA) now known one other side effect No record atshyas the National Aeronautic Associashy tempt or air show (or air meet as they tion (NAA) Ive explained how this were called back then) could be staged pioneer era appointed Orville Wright without the approval of the Aero as the chairman of the Contest amp Reshy Club which was affiliated with the cords Board and how a pilot registrashy international governing body the Feshytion program came into being deration Aeronautique Internationale

The World War I pilots returning (FAI) The contestant was required to home were barnstorming and othershy be a member of the Aero Club which wise doing their best to make a living then issued a certification to the pishyin aviation That led to attempts to lot Hence the FAlSporting License register and somehow civilize these old-timers would show was signed by

Certifying Aircraft and Pilots

AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATE IauecI to VIlICElll ASTOR Arw 23 W 26th Sl BYCit shy

m~ts CnltiUs that the Aircraft described below has been Inspected and found AiruIo~ for daylight llyin on AJIlI 0VEIl WUER OKLY

For the Fl)1nA Season of 1922 ~- ~-=l1=~== Cmlampato NJiI~_ _ -- UND ElV1UTEIS~OIlIS Iae

o o-_pmiIyenr3~J__I922 III _ - ~ t

_ _ Mri N=A1fefJ~mATE WAmR AmClWr _ _______ 1 - PQRIlrASRDWTCJN l T bull Y

N_- 01 AlOft to 5 M- 1-1 AJkwL c 9on MuwLOEBDIG AERO ElIGR C~IIoTNo 23-t SodoIH9~iF--__ 0- 30 pr 3 I~ _ 42 PT 6 U __ n 8 Pr _ 2700 4100 II UMIwI 1400 shy_ 130 M _Cd 20000 hlln_H_ 2S_ _ T LIBRRrY I I OBE __ US 32230 __ Do 5 000 - JfAJlJODS JULY 7 1922

Orville Wright It was a requirement of the federal government No federal requirement for a pilots certificate would come into being until the Air Commerce Act gave that authority and responsibility to the Department of Commerce on May 20 1926

In all of the information Ive read on the early days of the ACA later the NAA there was never any menshytion of aircraft standards or airworshythiness certificates I never quesshytioned it and as a matter of fact I never gave it a thought

Then along comes friend and Vinshytage member Mitch Wohl from Barrington Illinois and he drops two books on my desk The first one I picked up was titled A Symbol of Safety This book was first published in 1923 and tells all about the foundshying of the Underwriters Laboratories (UL) Reprinted in 1995 it goes into great detail as to the history of UL I found it very interesting

The second book published on the 100th anniversary of Underwritshyers Laboratories in 1994 amplifies a bit of the material that was pub-

This airworthiness certificate was issued by an Underwriters Laborashytories inspector Maj J W Jones who deemed the Loening Air Yacht of Vincent Astor to be in airworthy condishytion It is restricted to dayligbt flying and over water only Heres a photo of its sister ship from the 1922 Airshycraft Yearbook

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 3 3

Loening monoplane Flying Yacht 100 hp Liberty engine which made a world record for aHitude with three passengers and pilot 19500 feet

lished in the 1923 book Its entire theme is Making the World Safe for Technology What a revelation both regarding the organization s history in general and its involveshyment in aviation

The real beginnings were at the 1893 Worlds Fair at the Great White City in Chicago The Electricity Building had frequent visits by the fire brigade in response to the new alshyternating current electricity displays catching fire and causing problems It was then that William Henry Merrill began his testing lab which proved

electricity could be a servant rather than a master

Our only function is to serve not to profit We are doing someshything for manufacturers buyers and property owners everywhere We are doing things for humanity was a direct quote from Merrill This was the beginning of the lab The lab was funded by corporations that wanted their products tested as well as by the insurance underwriters themselves

From 1893 through 1905 the budshyget expanded from a mere $3000 to more than $300000 During that

The book goes into

great detail

as to physical

standards for

airmen There were

all sorts of tests

for altitude tolerance

fatigue and eyesight

and their standards

specify annual physicals

rAiLW~eeL5

srlINSON 15 JOCII~Y

34 JUNE 2007

time more than 7500 reports were published the lab moved to larger quarters it was chartered in Illinois and the landmark inspection and label service was established Within two years UL inspectors were at work in 67 citshyies UL got into everything electrical fire prevention fire extinguishers automobiles oil and gasses and transportashytion as well Thats where we come in airplanes

When the first commercial airplane takes off here in the USA in the 20s UL registers airplanes certifies pilots and issues the now rather quaint-sounding Rules of the Air

Im getting ahead of the full story but in a nutshell the National Aircraft Underwriters Association proposed and requested UL become the custodian of the official register of all aircraft pilots (other than government pilots) and take full charge of all details connected therewith

UL undertook this branch of the work on July I 1921 The book goes into great detail as to physical stanshy

dards for airmen There were all sorts of tests for altitude tolerance fatigue and eyesight and their standards specify annual physicals

No wonder the early birds were considered supermen The next step was to create a register of commercial and private aircraft On May I 1922 UL began a nationwide inspection service in order to make it possible to issue cershytificates of airworthiness for individual aircraft The details of the inspections and the people employed to conduct them is an early Whos Who in aviation The inspections were very stringent and as demanding for the aircraft as they were for the pilots

And that dear friends is the story of the first airworshythiness certificates They were all issued long before the Department of Commerce became involved and of course long before the creation of the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) and the Federal Aviation Administration

Little by little the freedoms of flight have been whittled down and the myriad of Federal Aviation Regulations we live with came about but here fellow pilots and aircraft owners was the very beginning and it was the insurance people who started it all I(

Over to you (( ~((~

~ Call to order your copies today

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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 35

BY HG FRAUTSCHY

THIS MONTHS MYSTERY PLANE PHOTO IS A BIT OF A MULLIGAN FOR THOSE OF YOU

WHO HAVE ENJOYED L1GHTPLANES FOR A NUMBER OF YEARS STILL NOT MUCH IS PUBLISHED ABOUT THIS RATHER ATTRACTIVE AMPHIBIAN

Send your answer to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box You can also send your response via e-mail Send 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Your answer needs your answer to mysteryplaneeaaorg Be sure to include to be in no later than July 15 for inclusion in the your name city and state in the body of your note and September 2007 issue of Vintage Airplane put I(Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line

MARCH S MYSTERY ANSWER

36 J UN E 2007

nology olph Dope

Heres a little about the March Mystery Plane

The subject Mystery Plane apshypears to be the Longren NL-13 sin 2 X12538 built in 1932 by Albin K Longren (1882-1950) in Kansas City Missouri Longren had been a design consultant for Butler Manushyfacturing Co during the certificashytion of the Butler Blackhawk and built the NL-13 in the Butler facility with help from Butler employees Butler had ceased production by that time in the depths of the Great Depression The NL-13 had an allshy

wing spars and the fabric wing covshyering The engine was a 120-hp Marshytin 333 inve rted inline with four cylinders The X12538 was the only NL-13 built and was not successful in reaching production although it was an ea rly example of formed alushyminum aircraft structures

My information comes from Aeroshyfilescom and from Chuck (Charles E) Lebrechts fine article entitled AK Longren - Pioneer Airman of the West published in American Aviation Historishycal Society Journal Vol26 No4 Winshyter 1981 pp258-270 Lebrechts article gives a great vjew of Longrens career as an aircraft designer and manufacturer

Jack Erickson State College Pennsylvania Other correct answers were reshy

ceived from WaIt House Wichshyita Kansas George Otto Snook Monroe Michigan John Miller Wamego Kansas Cam Bla ze r Leawood Kansas An extensive arshyticle on the airplane and AK Lonshygren written by Wesley Smith is also included in this issue of Vinshytage Airplane

metal airframe except for wooden 1---------------------------------shy

eners and bulkheads the NL-13 fuselage had a safety factor able to absorb 1683g

ahead of the center of gravity (CG) and 11g aft of the CG

This made the fuselage of the NL-13 considerably stronger than that of the Stearman YBT-3 Boeing P-26A Conshysolidated P-30 and Boeing P-12B with which it was compared the YBT-3 having a maximum g-Ioading potential of 109

both fore and aft of the CG While the reshyport recommended the possible adoption of Longrens construction techniques orshyders for the NL-13 were not forthcoming and no further examples were built

With the demise of Butler Longren went to work for himself using a porshytion of the former Butler factory at the Kansas City Municipal Airport In 1933-34 Longren did the initial metal work on the Luscombe Phantom and developed metal-working techniques with his partner Ivan Driggs Plans for opening another aircraft factory were put on hold when Cessn a reopened their Wichita Kansas facility in 1934 for production of the Cessna C-34 Cessna hired Longren as vjce-president a posishy

tion that he held until 1939 when he moved to Torrance California to open the Longren Aircraft Company

While Longren built no further airshycraft he became a successful subconshytractor of prefabricated components for other aircraft manufacturers After the end of World War II Longren sold his company and retired to a 3OOO-acre ranch at Adin Ca lifornia where he passed away due to a heart condition on Nov 19 1950 at age 68

The defini tive Longren article was written by Mr Charles E Lebrecht and was published in the Winter 1981 edishytion of the American Aviation Historical Society Journal (Volume 26 Number 4 pages 258-270) I am indebted to Mr Lebrechts excellent research for the inshyformation in this piece Further informashytion on AK Longren can be found in the pages of Aviation Quarterly (Mace Kenshyneth D Pioneer Airmen ofKansas Volshyume 5 Number 2 Second Quarter 1979 pages 152-163) Mr Maces article is also quite well-written and contains severshyal beautiful photos of Longrens aircraft as well as the 1908 Call Mayfly

VINTAGE A I RPLANE 37

The fo llowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter of information only and does not constishytute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed To submit an event send the information via mail to Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Or e-mail the information to vintageaircrafteaaorg Information should be received four months prior to the event date

JUNE S-IO-Union IL-Poplar Grove Airport Army Wings and Wheels Info Vintage Wings amp Wheels Museum 815-547middot3115 Tom Murray hiwheelsbcglobalnet

JUNE 14-17-St Louis MO-Dauster Flying Field Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) American Waco Club Flymiddotln Info Phil Coulson 269shy624-6490 or rcoulson516cscom www americanwacoclubcom

JUNE 20-2l--Lock Haven PA-William T Piper Memorial Airport (LHV) Sentimental Journey Fly-In Family oriented fly-in featuring antique and classic aircraft of all makes and models especially PIPERS Seminars vendors food camping and entertainment daily Come for the day or the week Call 570-893-4200 or 748shy5123 for more information j3cubkcnet org wwwsentimentaljourneyfly-incom

JUNE 21-24-Mt Vernon Ohio-Wynkoop Airport (6G4) 48th Annual National Waco Club Reunion Check www nationalwacoclubcom for more information and contact information Or email call Andy Heins 937 313 5931 wacoasoaolcom

JUNE 22-24-Gardner KA-Gardner Municipal Airport (K34) Greater KC VAA Chapter 16 Fly-in Contact Kevin Pratt 816-985-3248

JUNE 23-Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

JUNE 30-Chetek WI-The Chetek WI (Y23) 9AM car show craft fair and show a professional horse pull and a water ski show Plenty of food and drink available throughout the day For more info contact Chuck Harrison 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet or Tim Knutson 715-237shy2477 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

JUNE 31-Russellville KY- Russellville-Logan County Airport (4M7) 9th Annual All You Can Eat BarBQ Lunch 1100am - 200pm Rain Date July 5th Aircraft displays skydiving door prizes Everyone welcome For more information eaal165yahoo com wwwangelfirecom ky3 eaal165 Joe Lawrence 270-726-1558

JULY 4-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-llam For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

JULY 6-8--All iance Oh (2Dl)-Taylorcraft and Ohio Aeronca Aviators Fly-In See the airplanes built in Alliance OH amp Middletown

38 JU N E 2007

OH and the people that built them Camping motels food all day fbarberalliancelinkcom 330823-1168 bwmatzllacyahoocom 216 337-5643 httpwwwoaafy-incom see wwwbarberaircraftcom for airport diagrams Breakfast served Sat amp Sun 7AM to 11AM by EM Chapter 82

JULY 14-Zanesville OH-Parr Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

AUGUST 5-Queen City MO-Applegate Airport (15MO) 20th Annual Watermelon Fly-In amp BBQ 2pm til dark Come and see grass roots aviation at its best Info 660-766-2644

AUGUST S-Chetek WI-Southworth Municipal airport (Y23) BBQ Fly-In 1030am Warbird displays antique and unique airplanes antique amp collector car displays and raffles for airplane rides Procedes will be given to local charities Info Chuck Harrison - Office 715-924shy4501 Cell 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet Tim Knutson - Home 715-237-2477 Cell 651-308-2839 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

AUGUST 17-19--McMinnville OR-25th Annual West Coast Travel Air Reunion Come Celebrate the Rebirth of the Travel Air Expected to be the largest gathering of Vintage Travel Airs in recent times Held in conjunction with the Northwest Antique Airplane Club Event Info Bruce McElhoe 559-638-3746

AUGUST 18--Forest Lake MN-(25D)-Airport Fly-in and Open House lOam - 4pm 24shyhour gas and 24-hour grass 3000-foot 31 13 Forest Lake Lions serve brats corn-ltgtn-the-cob and ice cream 100LL is available John Schmidt EM 250021 St Paul Minnesota 651 776 1717

AUGUST IS-I9-Long Island NY- Bayport (23N) Annual Antique Aeroplane Fly-In Old time movies popcorn pig roast flour bomb drop and spot landing contest with the days ending in the in famous Sheep Shagger Baa For more info wwwAACGNY org or email Stuart Bain at Sbain emediaofny com

AUGUST 19-Brookfield WI-Capitol Airport (02C) Ice Cream Social and vintage Aircraft Display VAA Chapter 11 Dean London 262-442-4622

AUGUST 2S-Niles MI-Jerry Tyler Memorial Airport (3TR) VAA Chapter 35 Annual Corn amp Sausage Roast Lunch served 1100am

to 300 pm Rain date on Sunday August 26th Donations of $500 for adults and $300 for children under 12 Contact Len Jansen tripacerlenyahoocom

SEPTEMBER I -Marion IN-Marion Municipal Airport (MZZ) 17th Annual Fly-In Cruise-In 700am until 200pm This annual event features antique classic homebuilt ultralight and warbird aircraft as well as vintage cars trucks motorcycles and tractors An all-you-can-eat Pancake Breakfast is served with all proceeds going to the local Marion High School Marching Band wwwFlylnCruiselncomlnfo Ray Johnson (765) 664-2588 or rjohnson indyrrcom

SEPTEMBER I -Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $2 50 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer Phone (740) 454-7487

SEPTEMBER 2-Mondovi WI-21st Annual Log Cabin Airport Fly-In Doug Ward Owner Operator 715-287-4205 Lunch noon

SEPTEMBER 8-Newark Ohio-NewarkshyHeath Airport (VTA) Annual Fly-In DriveshyIn Breakfast Pancakes and More Young Eagles Flights Vintage Airplanes Classic Cars Tom McFadden 740-587shy2312 email EAA402adelphianet

SEPTEMBER 9-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-12pm For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

SEPTEMBER 21-22- Bartlesville OK-Frank Phillips Field (BVO) 51st Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-In Antiques Classics Light Sport Warbirds Forum Type Clubs Info Charlie Harris 918-622shy8400 wwwtulsafyincom

OCTOBER 5-7-Camden SC-Kershaw County Airport (KCDN) VAA Chapter 3 Fall Fly-In All classes welcome BBQ on field Fri Evening EAA judging all classes Sat Banquet Sat Nite Info Jim Wilson 843-753-7138 or eiwilson homexpresswaynet

OCTOBER 5-7-St Louis MO-Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) The Monocoupe Club Fly-In amp Reunion wwwmonocoupecom

OCTOBER IO-I4-Tuliahoma TN- Beech Birthday Party 2007 Staggerwing Twin Beech 18 Bonanza Baron Beech ownersamp enthusiasts Info 931shy455-1974

Your One STOP Quality Shop Hook up air hose from your compressor Add Glass Beads or otherabrasiveAim powergun 1-888-388-8803 (included) at part and remove 1-780-447-5955 rust paint and scale

Exhaust Systems FAST WORKS GREAT Abrasive recycles 22d 34w Carb Air Boxes 2012h work area22 ga steel14 Structural Assemblies ga steel legs Requires 7 Clamps amp Hardware cfm 80 psi amp shop Round Engine Exhausts

Engine Mounts Fuel Cells Heaters

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2007 MAJOR FLy-INS

For details on EM Chapter flymiddotins and other local avimiddot ation events visit wwweaaorgjevents

Golden West EAA Regional Ay-In

Yuba County Airport (MYV) Marysville CA

June 29middotJuly 1 2007 wwwGodenWestRynorg

Rocky Mountain EAA Regional AyJn Front Range Airport (FTG) Watkins CO

June 23-24 2007 wwwRMRRorg

Arlington EAA Ay-In

Arlington Municipal Airport (AWO) Arlington WA July 11-15 2007

wwwNWEAAorg

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Something to buy sell or trade Classified Word Ads $550 per 10 words 180 words maximum with boldface

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MISCELLANEOUS BABBITT BEARING SERVICE - rod

Wittman Regional Airport (OSH) Oshkosh WI July 23-29 2007 wwwAirVentureorg

EAA Mld-Eastem Regional Ay-In Mansfield Lahm Airport Mansfield OH August 25-26 2007

httpMERR info

Virginia Regional EAA Ay-In

Dinwiddie County Airport (PTB) Petersburg VA October 6-7 2007 wwwVAEAAorg

EAA Southeast Regional Ay-In Middleton Field Airport (GZH) Evergreen AL October 12-14 2007 wwwSERRorg

Copperstate Regional EAA AyJn Casa Grande (Arizona) Municipal Airport (CGZ)

October 25-28 2007 wwwcopperstateorg

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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 39

VINTAGE AIRCRAFT

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-=-_tI 8015 CONCER

~oNO~Y )JY 13

presented by Ecpse ~1aton n 8lt ford otor col1pa y

Page 20: PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATIONmembers.eaavintage.org/wp...Vol-35-No-6-June-2007.pdf · PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION . ... Flightline Safety Committee and their

When we unloaded at home Gene came over and we spread the entire collecshytion of stuff out to see what was missing and what kind of work was going to be needed In general the airshyframe was actually in great shape because the AampP

had already started workshying on it and had finished the major compon ents The wings were more or less complete and fini shed

and the work was beautiful About all th ey needed were the leading edges and to be covered

The fuselag e tubing had been cleaned and painted and most of the fuselage wood was usable too Part of the airplanes condition is probshyably because it had only 400 hours on it and had spent most of its life stored inside somewhere We dont have much of the airplane s history but you could see by looking at the wood and steel that it hadnt been left outside to rot like so many Chiefs have been

When we were done inventorying it we found a lot of missing or unusshyable stuff that I hadn t noticed when picking it up It had no tail wheel or wing struts and the doors were not only the wrong doors but were badly crushed There were no control yokes and all of the logos were missing Same thing for all of the interior upshyholstery boards Plus there was esshysentially nothing firewall-forward I

Its still easy for most of those who h ave restored airplanes to rememshyber what it was like in the days beshyfore computers The dozens of trips to fly-markets the phone calls and the constant surveillance of Trade-ashyPlane were not only aggravating but added a huge amount of time to finshyishing the project Danny came into the Vintage world PC post computer so he was able to take full advantage of cyber searching for parts

Besides buying the airplane on eBay that service proved to be a tershyrific source for some of the rarer parts I needed Among other things thats

Whats in a Model Number By HG Frautschy

The differences between the llBC Chief and the llCC Super Chief are tough to spot but in todays sport pilot market one distinction can spell the

difference between flying one and just owning one

Both airplanes are powered by the Continental C85-8 and both came equipped with the rather clever McDowell starter The McDowell was vilified by

some as being a cheap substitute for an electrical starter but having had one

for years on my Super Chief Id have to say it s one of the neatest inventions

added to the postwar lightplane If treated with respect and used in the way the manufacturer intended it worked perfectly It did have one design weakness

that could have been easily solved but it didnt last long enough on the market to make it that far

The McDowell was activated using a cable with a ball swaged on the end

Because of the way the ball and cable were retained in the starters pulley

sheave the cable would fray and then break just below the ball or an overly

enthusiastic pull on the starter cable would pull the ball right off the end If Mcshy

Dowell had used a small fitting inside the sheeve to allow for a straight pull on

the cable (and if the cable had a ball and shank swaged fitting) Im convinced the McDowell would have been much more popular

It allowed for a lightweight starter to be installed on an airplane intended to be flown by casual travelers who were interested in ease of use and safety

It allowed my wife and her instructor both petite women to independently fly

the airplane without requiring a flip of the prop by someone else As long as

the engine was in good tune and one could reasonably expect the airplane to start when the impulse magneto fired the McDowell was a great way to pul l

the prop through safely

The 11BC and 11CC interiors were similar with a slight edge going to the

llCC for a few interior appointments added to enhance the automobile-like

feel to the cockpit Hap Granier the designer of the interior of all three postwar Aeroncas worked his magic on the Chiefs to give them a small sedan or coupe

feeling Bedford whipcord upholstery and side panels the zebrawood pattern wood-gra in-printed instrument panel and control wheels instead of control

sticks all contributed to that atmosphere

Both the 11CC and 11BC featured a large dorsal fin but the 11CC had a

different elevator stabilizer configuration That fact is sometimes lost on reshy

storers and aircraft modifiers who incorrectly (and illegally) put the earlier

11AC or llBC stab elevator combination on an llCC The 11CC has an aeroshy

dynamically balanced elevator designed to meet the hands-off gliding speed requirements of the then-new CAR 03 regulations Aeronca also had the llCC

certified in the Utility category as well as the Normal category with maximum gross weights of 1 290 and 1 350 pounds respectively That right there is a major difference in the airplanes as they are viewed in the market today The 11BC with a maximum gross weight of 1250 pounds is sport pilot eligible

while the llCC by virtue of its 1350 weight is not Interestingly a few llCC additions made it into the llBC as well Both

Chiefs as well as the four-place Aeronca Sedan shared the same rudder brake pedals with toe brakes instead of the heel brakes seen on the Champ Both feature flight characteristics similar to the Champ with the Chiefs having

the edge when it comes to cross-country flights With a 70-pound baggage alshylowance and up to 23 gallons of fuel on board the Chief is a great traveling machine if you re not in a hurry But when you re flying something as pretty as

a Chief whos in a big hurry

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 1 9

BONNIE KRATZ

He Danny Poultons Aeronca Chief features a custom color scheme that is reminiscent of the original decoration composed by Hap Granier for Aeroncas4012E side-by-side personal airplane

where I~gOt~t~h~e~iiiiiiiiiiibullbullbullbull con- trol yoke covers with the Aeronca logos the ashshytrays the bezels and the air box for the cabin heat I even found the pishytot tube and hand brake on eBay If I would have had to physically search for all of that stuff Id probably still be looking

Wag-Aero came to the rescue in supplying the struts and wing leadshying edges

III was able to use most of the origishynal boot cowl but the original noseshybowl was really bad and was cut for the McDowell starter so I used an STCd fiberglass replacement If I find a good original I may change that

11Th is airplane came out of the facshytory with toe brakes which were with the airplane and I stayed with the mechanical brakes and just installed new pads You dont really need

20 JUNE 2007

brakes on the airshyplane for anything so they work just fine

Danny was planning on flying the airplane a lot and added a venturi so he could run an artificial horizon and added air vent holes

When we were doing the inteshyrior there was no kit available for the headliner so a neighbor Phyllis Dalshyton sewed one up using the original material found on Chiefs That was really tedious Then I made the side panels and covered them with Airtex fabric and had to fabricate a new bagshygage door and make the boards for the seats

The panel had already been cleaned so the wood grain was gone but I decided not to try to put it on I did however make two metal glove

compartments for it The sliding windows were

original to the airplane but the polished prop isnt I just thought it looked betshyter polished

When the airframe was done and ready to be covered Danny went with Poly-Fiber and shot it with Aeroshythane but not in the original colshyors or scheme

IIAirtex had some sample seat covers for the airplane that were inexpensive so I bought them and had the paint mixed to go with the seat covers Also the paint stripes arent original They

mimic the factory scheme but arent exact I should also mention that I had some help with the fabric from Larry and Phyllis Dalton who helped cover the airplane This was my first time and they made it easy

Since Danny had no engine he was starting from scratch in that area The original was a C8S-8 but with his papaerwork he found a Supplemental Type Certificate (STC) that opened interesting new avenues

There was part of an STC in our paperwork that would let me install a -12 engine and that would allow me to have an electric starter which I reshyally wanted The problem was that the STC wasnt complete Plus the -8 mount is

than the shy12 so its not

a plug-andshyplay

change and I

expected some problems

getting the papershywork straightened out

I called the Atshylanta Flight Stanshydards District Office and really

lucked out The Coshylumbia Federal Aviashy

tion Agency (FAA) field examiner came out looked the airplane over and said hed be happy to clean up the paperwork and submit it to Atlanta for me What I thought was going to be a problem turned out to be quite easy

Unfortunately Danny found out that things dont always go easy when restoring an airplane and his headaches came in the form of his first engine

I had two sons

Dale and lD

and a wonderful

wife and 1 didnt

want to lose all of

that just because

1 was overweight

So 1 started

looking for an

airplane to rebuild

as a way to keep

myself busy

I bought a C8S-12 that had been overhauled I had flown it for about 22 hours when one cylinder lost a lot of compression so we pulled the jug When we got inside we found that the rod was just banging around in there and was loose on the crank When we split the case we found the crank was badly scored and a lot of metal had gone through the engine so I had to find another one

The second engine was freshly overhauled by an FAA-certified shop

in 2000 after a prop strike The guy I bought it from was building a homebuilt and

was afraid that the engine was going to sit too long before his

project was completed so he sold it Everything checked out to be perfect and it has been humming along with no problems since day one

We flew the airplane for the first time July I 2006 and I had a local pilot Gary Dalton do the test hop I dont mind telling you that I was nershyvous watching it When I flew it for the first time I had only 10 hours of tailshywheel time Id logged while getting my tail wheel endorsement I was a little nervous then too but everything went beautifully When we flew it it was alshymost exactly three years to the day that we unloaded it from the trailer

When I started I guess I became a little compulsive about working on it Id eat in the hangar work until 10 or 11 every night and sometimes Id wake up in the middle of the night and go out and work on it When Id get home from church on Sunday Id change clothes and go out and get something done Im glad I did it that way because it really helped me with the other problem

In the process of restoring his Chief Danny met several goals The first was finishing and flying his own Chief but the second and more imshyportant was taking control of his life From the time he started the Chief to the time he flew it he lost 230 pounds and added no telling how many years to his life Most people have difficulty committing to just finishing an airshyplane so Danny is to be congratushylated for two jobs well done ~

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 21

~The Bmiddot thof

Creating a classic design BY CHESTER L PEEK PHD

Could you in three months time design and build a new light plane without tools or factory and with very little money Impossible you say But that is just what eG Tayshylor did in the spring of 1936 when he introduced the legendary Taylorshycraft to the aviation world Heres the story

In the last week of December 1935 eG Taylor was confined to his bed ill and completely discourshy

aged Days before he and Bill Piper Hangar at Butler Pennsylvania 1936 Still in use today had signed a legal document that dissolved their troubled partnership For Taylors share of the Taylor Cub company (which was in debt more than $90000) he received approximately $5000 to be paid out in small installments over three years

Byron Shinn knew Taylor well both as a customer and friend In a 1991 letter he describes Taylors situashytion and subsequent events

Back in the 1930s we had a small manufacturing comshypany located in one of the hangars on the Butler Pennsylvashynia airport called The Shinn Devices Company We made aluminum wheels for aircraft 4 bead diameter 700X4 tire and at that time sold them to most of the light aircraft manshyufacturers including the Taylor and Piper organization in Bradford Pennsylvania We had a quite complete machine shop and engineering design business I remember how Taylorcraft got started One very cold winter day probably in December 1935 I drove up to see Taylor in Bradford The roads were terrible ice coated and I almost had several acshycidents When I got there I found Taylor sick in bed and in a very discouraged frame of mind He had just been kicked out of his company by Piper and had little or no money or employment I told him with his abilities as an aircraft deshysigner and builder that he should certainly try to get back in the business and offered to help if I could

I went back to Butler and contacted D Bar Peat who was a promoter a very nice fellow who was running the Butler

Ken SchoHer about 1980 airport I asked if he could raise some money to start Tayshy22 JUNE 2007

TAYLORCRAFT BY C 6 TAYLOR PlmBUR6H-BUTLER AIRPORT BunER PA

STABLE FAST A NEW LIGHT PLANE ECONOMICAL LOWPRICED

First Taylorcraft ad February 1936 Aero Digest

First Taylorcraft specifications Photo is of a model

during the

Depression

you NEVER

left a job

Yet these men

deeply loyal

to Taylor

came with him

to this chancy

new venture Byron Shinn about 1936

TAYLORCRAFT Model A

ATe pendingB_ Span 36 (11 m) Length 22 (67 m) Heicht 6 8 (21 m) Wm area 169 fLgt (156 ml) Power Ioodiaa 2IS IbsJhp (118 kcJho) WioJ Ioadma 58 1bbullJIt (293 kcl) Weicht empty 570 Ibs (259 kg) U falload 420 Ibs (190 kc) Payload 181 lbo (82 kcl Gr weiht m lbo (449kcr Bant I Ibs (5 kg) Fuel 10 gals

~L~~L11t1iLk hp

~~~gtam~~hm~~49 kph) l~ mph (51h ) Semlte laquoiliaC 101000 ft (4260 m) imb per min 400 It (122 tn) Cruig rang 210 mi (371 1aD) ~ F welded eel tubg four JODIeIODS of proareqjve diameters wood faired and fabric conrcd removable maine mouat j streued fot SO hp installamiddot tion Wg two paDdJ bolted to fuselafefabric _ ~ oectioo With eJlipticalJy rOUDded tips JOlid apruce JPlrs

Zplace ATC

metal ribs fabricated from drawn NicraJ secshytions sinclc drag wire bracinc built-up metal frame ailerons fabric COYered and of the balanced type with DO exposed horns

=r~~brTc ~~ai~~~wd~ removable fin elentor and stabiliurs inshyterlthanaeable right or IefL Landing rear =evbsor~ closed~~~es color ocJlulosc finish with trim Two-place flex-wine seat 39 inches ide--by-lide cabin fabric lined and fire-wall sound proofed all control cables and fittinp in the cabin are fully enclosed Baggag compartment 6- X 9- X w- back of seaL

~~6oo-~~bS~ wbeds DuPont Pluticell 1rindJhield rulr her mounted illltrument pampDe1 ~ Aeromarinc altimeter U S 011

~~itfra~~ pass or other instnunmts extra

Carlson and Harold White who were engineers Ken Tibbits and Les Salshychow Parks College graduates along with mechanics Colby Carpenter and William Crawford All these men had good secure jobs with Piper and durshying the Depression you NEVER left a job Yet these men deeply loyal to Taylor came with him to this chancy new venture All would eventually rise to responsible executive posishytions with Taylorcraft

Ken Scholter a local mechanic was hired as a welder Contemposhyrary reports credit him with most of the welding on the new plane Forshytunately he was also an amateur photographer and documented the building process on film He furshynished most of the photos shown in this article

Shinn resumes I When Taylor came to Butler he had very little money we all had very little money at that time I believe he got a small settlement from Piper for his share of the Cub company This was in the depths of the Depresshysion We doled the money out a few dolshylars at a time and started to build the first plane We used our machine shop to make the draw bench to make the rib parts and to make most of the parts jigs and dies that required machining

An engineering department was set up I hired a draftsman when Ray Carlshyson moved down from Bradford Tayshylor and the mechanics would make the parts and then the draftsman would

lor up again in the airplane business He along with Col make the drawings We designed a new wheel for the plane Breckenridge and some others did raise a little money about lightweight and very strong being constructed of an alumishy$1000 as I recall enough to include the building of the jigs num stamping fastened to a cast aluminum end rim Tayshyand fixtures and the first plane We moved Taylor and his lor and I also developed the new tapered axle which was family to Butler rented him a house and started work in a lighter and less costly A new Goodrich tire size 600 x 6 vacant hangar on the Butler airport SeveraL of Taylors men was used from Bradford came with him II The plane was designed and built during the first four

Actually six key Bradford employees left Piper and to five months of 1936 This must have been some sort of joined Taylor in the new enterprise They were Ray record When the plane was finished the test pilot Tibbits

VINTA GE A IR PLANE 23

One day we came to work

to find trucks backed up

to the hangar and Taylor

hauling away all the

Taylorcraft parts Batch of Shinn 800 x 4 wheelsjigs and fixtures

started the test flights First he taxied the plane up and down the runway then flew it the length of the runway just off the ground then made flights a bit higher and finally made circuits The plane flew very well but would not stall The CAA required proper recovery from a stall so Taylor worked on the horizontal tail surfaces so that a stall could be induced and the plane passed the CAA tests

Taylor was a design genius The CAA had just released a new-design wing curve and Taylor was the first I

ffi believe to use it The wing curve was ~ ~ faster and had a soft stall ~ This was the NACA 23012 airfoil z ~ Taylor once told the author that in

Fuselage structure 1935 he built a set of wings for the Cub using that airfoil but Piper veshytoed the change They were hanging on a wall when the Bradford factory burned in 1937

Shinn says I started an advertising campaign beginning with a very small ad in Aero Digest saying IISomething new is coming in Aviation The next ads told a little more People were very enthusiastic about the new plane It was much advanced over the Cub beshying faster with side-by-side seating and wheel controls Before long we had reshyceived down payments from over 50 customers $200 each as I recall This

ffi was due to correspondence with old ~ ~ Taylor Cub dealers and the Aero Dishy~ z gest ad In a 1992 interview Bob UJ

Taylor eGs son confirmed thisWing details He remembered his father waking

24 JUNE 2007

First A-40 run-up May 1936

him up one night in Butler and showing him $10000 in down payments

The first ad appeared in the February issue of Aero Digest and is shown on this page A later ad showed a photo of the plane but since no plane had been comshypleted at that time it was actually a snapshot of a model CG Taylor built on his kitchen table First the new trademark Taylorcraft was used but when Beechcraft threatened legal action claiming Taylorcraft sounded too much like Beechcraft the ads were changed to read Airplanes by GG Taylor However they resumed us-

CG Taylor and a Model ATaylorcraft 1936

ing the Taylorcraft name after sevshyeral months

Shinn continues D Bar Peat was always trying to promote the plane On Sundays they would put on an air show at the Butler airport and 200 to 300 people would atshytend Som e way he got the Taylorshycraft to lead the way when all the planes taxied by the grandstand at the Cleveland Air Races

Meanwhile in the hangar facshytory the prototype plane was beshying rushed to completion but not fast enough to suit Taylor He

once told the author I was away ~ from the plant for three days havshyo ~ ing given instructions to complete sect the engine mount When I returned

it was not done I hung the engine in the right place with a chain hoist we

cut the tubing to (it and it was done in an hour On May 1 the Continental A-40 engine SIN 635

was run up for the first time then on May 8 Taylor signed an application for an experimental certificate Only eight days later on Saturday May 16 CAA inshyspector RA Young witnessed the test flight and issued certificate X-16393 to the first Taylorcraft SIN 25 Apshyproximately three months had elapsed from the time construction was started until the new plane was airshyborne A remarkable achievement

It was a beautiful plane sleek and streamlined a far VINTAGE AIRPLANE 25

Test flight of the first Taylorcraft May 1936

1 rryen~~A1~~~ )~ ~- shyITS A - -=- (=- = --- I FAF

BEAUTY 51495middot00-----shy~GRACEFULLY CONTINENTAL

STREAMLINED - - _ MOTOR

C G TAYL O R bull PlttsburqhmiddotBuUer Airport bull Bu tler Penna

April 1936 ad in Aero Digest

cry from Taylors boxy square-cornered E-2 Cub With side-by-side seating and wheel controls it rivaled much larger more expensive planes such as the Waco and Stinson Weight had been kept to a minimum the proshytotype weighed only 570 pounds It was much faster than the Cub The first prospective customers who flew the plane verified the advertised cruising speed of 80 mph In a race with two locals an Aeronca C-3 and a Kinner Fleet the Taylorcraft won easily

The investors at Butler were elated With nearly 100 orders and down payments received for their new plane they envisioned a rapid production buildup and the prospects of a thriving profitable enterprise Their faith however had been misplaced

Shinn continues But unknown to D Bar Peat and me Taylor had been talking to others about financing and a place to manufacture the plane One day we came to work to find trucks backed up to the hangar and Taylor haulshying away all the Taylorcraft parts jigs and fixtures They moved to Alliance Ohio where they got one years free rent on a large old airplane factory financing and tax breaks D Bar Peat and I retained a lawyer to try to get back our inshyvestment eventually getting back some shares ofTaylorcraft 26 JUNE 2007

stock instead of money And Piper quit buying my wheels and switched to Hayes

Happily Taylor and Shinn soon put their legal difshyferences behind them and remained good friends and business associates for many years

Shinn was not alone in his disappointment when the unexpected move came Scholter was out of a job In 1992 he made this comment They left Butler owing me almost a months pay which I never got But they did give me a very nice letter of recommendation

The Alliance Review newspaper proudly announced the arrival of the new aircraft enterprise in its July 9 1936 edition But that is a story for another day

Authors note When researching my book The Taylorcraft Story in

1992 I was privileged to personally interview four prishymary information sources regarding the Butler Pennshysylvania events eG Taylor Bob Taylor Ken Scholter and Byron Shinn The history above was taken from those interviews and contemporary newspaper articles

_ 55 ~a-~~~ition

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LIN COL N MERCURY

EXTRA The Butler Manufacturing Co NL-I3 biplane

The March 2007 Mystery Plane is the 1932 Butler Manufacturing Co NL-13 biplane designed by Albin Kasper Longren (sometimes simply reshyferred to as the Longren NL-13)

AK Longren had a very long and interesting aviation career Born in a log cabin near Clay Center Kansas in 1882 he was the one of 14 children born to Swedish immigrant homeshystead farmers Charles and Emma Lonshygren In 1901 he took a business course from the International Corresponshydence School (ICS) which he followed up with an ICS diploma in mechanical engineering from 1907-1911

Longrens interest in aviation beshygan with his observations of Henry L Call in 1908 Call originally a New York lawyer author and socialist had moved to Girard Kansas in February of 1908 in order to construct a large and ungainly flying machine powered by two 20-hp Curtiss B-4 engines Known as the Mayfly and The Chicken (among other colorful names) the airshycraft failed to fly despite modification Call enjoyed the support of the nashytional socialist newspaper An Appeal to Reason and constructed several aircraft under the aegis of The Aerial Navigashytion Company of America starting in 1908 before the company changed its name

Beginning in 1911 Call manushyfactured two-cylinder and fourshycylinder horizontally opposed air-cooled engines which h e marshyketed to would-be aviators through

28 JUNE 2007

BY WESLEY SMITH

advertisements (primarily in Aircraft and Fly magazines published by Alshyfred W Lawson of 1920 Lawson Airshyliner fame) The two-cylinder Call was rated at 45 hp and the four-cylshyinder engine was rated at 90 hp Call engines were among the first aircraft engine to be fitted with mufflers an individual muffler being attached to the exhaust port of each cylinder

With his brother EJ Longren and a mechanic named William Janeke Longren constructed a Curtiss-type pusher biplane in Topeka Kansas Beshygun in the summer of 1910 the Toshypeka I was not completed until the fall of 1911 Fitted with a 60-hp Hall-Scott A-2 a water-cooled V-8 the Topeka I became the first successful aircraft to be completed in the state of Kansas Longren made his first flight on Sepshytember 2 and on September 5 1911 he made two flights the first flight reaching about 225 feet in altitude and covering 15 miles and the secshyond reaching about 300 feet and covshyering six miles

Of course Longren was only one of numerous individuals who built Curtiss-type pushers Plans for early Herring-Curtiss machines were pubshylished in Aeronautics and other aviashytion periodicals as well as in books With some individual alterations many such aircraft were built in the United States prior to Americas entry into World War 1

At any rate Longren soon went into the exhibition business with

H Young renaming the Topeka I as the Dixie Flyer The words Dixie Flyer - AK Longren - Aviator were painted on the underside of the Topeka IDishyxie Flyers monoplane canard Between 1911 and 1914 Longren gave 1372 exhibition flights in Kansas Texas Oklahoma Nebraska and Colorado for the Young Aviation Co

In 1912 Longren built a second Curshytiss-type with a Hall-Scott A-2 This airshycraft incorporated the improvements Curtiss had made to his newer aircraft during 1911-1912 and in due course the mid-gap ailerons were moved to the trailing edges of the upper wing This aircraft was sold to Longrens forshymer student and friend Phil Billard who used it to give exhibition flights This aircraft sometimes known as the Topeka II was presented to the Kansas State Historical Society in 1938 where it still exists as a display

In the spring of 1914 Longren took time to marry Ms Dolly Trent Later that winter (1914-1915) Longren built his first entirely original aircraft design - a two-place tractor biplane again seshylecting the reliable Hall-Scott as the powerplant During an exhibition at the Dickson County Fair at Abilene on September 9 1915 the aircraft stalled on takeoff and was destroyed hitting an automobile that was leaving the fairshygrounds Longrens passenger was relashytively unscathed but Longren suffered a broken leg and several internal injuries

While recovering from his injushyries in early 1916 Longren with Phil

Billard began the construction of his fourth aircraft the Model G The Model G was a clean two-place tractor biplane with a strong resemblance to a Curtiss IN-4 In fact it was powered by a Curtiss OX-2 and was intended for sale to the warring European powers However only two were sold one to the Kansas National Guard the other being used for exhibition flights

Late in the year Longren built a small tractor biplane sometimes reshyferred to as the Longren Bus The conshystruction featured a three-ply wooden monocoque fuselage and was built for William Burt of Okmulgee Oklahoma A second machine was constructed for Lester Miller of Dallas Texas who inshytended to use the aircraft for aerobatic exhibitions By late 1917 Longren had moved on to another two-place design known as the Model H As in the case of the earlier Longren Bus the Model H used a wooden monocoque fuselage The Model H was powered by a Curshytiss 90-hp OX-5 engine unfortunately while on his way to Kansas City Misshysouri Longren suffered an engine failshyure near Wakarusa Kansas The aircraft was destroyed in a crash which proved fatal to a cow standing in the field in which Longren was forced down He was made to pay $10000 in restitution to the angry farmer After that interest in the Model H faded away

Late in 1917 Longren became involved with Frederick W Buck MD ME and applied for a posishytion as chief engineer with the Buck Aircraft and Munitions Co of Denshyver To what extent Longren became involved with Dr Buck is unknown Buck (a long with Elmer Sperry and later Charles F Kettering at DaytonshyWright) had plans to develop and sell an aerial torpedo - essentially a small 50-hp biplane cruise misshysile which was intended to fly on a preprogrammed course then shed its wings at the proper time and place depositing a bomb contained within the crude fuselage framework

Longrens career took another path after his debacle with the Model H After failing to establish a new airshycraft company in Overland Park Kansas Longren eventually took a

position at McCook Field as an airshycraft inspector The Great War had cost Longrens friend Phil Billard his life when he was killed in a flying accident while serving in Issoudun France Longrens position at McshyCook had allowed him the opportushynity to examine every domestic and foreign-built aircraft tested there unshytil the time of his departure in 1919 On June 17 1919 Longren formed the Longren Aircraft Corp in Topeka Kansas using a former woolen mill in the Oakland suburb as the site for the new corporation The first aircraft to come out of the plant was the rebuilt Model H now resurrected as the H-2 It is unclear as to how the H-2 differed from the earlier Model H but by midshy1920 Longren had gone in yet another direction with the construction of the two-place Model D-2 - a small aircraft powered by a three-cylinder Y conshyfiguration Lawrence Model B engine of 35-60 hp Within a year the D-2 had evolved to become the Longren Model AK Sport

Described in the pages of Aviashy

tion and Aerial Age Weekly (Volume 11 Number 12 Sept 291921 pages 336-337 and Volume 14 Numshyber 3 Sept 26 1921 pages 55-56 respectively) the two-place Longren Sport or Fibre Sport was a sensational design that incorporated the three-ply laminated wooden monocoque fuseshylage of the 1916 Longren Bus and the 1917 Model H and a set of folding biplane wings to facilitate storage It is unclear as to how the fuselage of the Sport may have differed from earshylier Longren monocoque construcshytion techniques if at all

However a 1925 Longren patent describes the use of diamond-shaped wood fibre shell (procured from the National Fibre Co) being covered with an additional two layers of wood laminations on either side The fushyselage was made in upper and lower halves using steam-pipe-heated conshycrete male and female molds clamped together using 6000 pounds of presshysure The sections were then trimmed and dried with special provision for humidity control before being joined

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 29

to a framework of grooved ash longeshyrons and formers The fuselage formshyers were made of three-ply materials engine-bearing formers were made of a seven-ply material The formers were in turn attached to the fuseshylage shells with screws Finally the fushyselage was varnished inside and out with Valspar varnish the exterior reshyceiving a coat of pigmented varnish before a final clear coat

Sold with both Lawrence Model Lshy2 three-cylinder Y-style and Anzani sixshycylinder radial engines the Longren Fibre Sport was flown in several notashyble Midwestern aviation events during the early 1920s During the American Legion Air Meet at Kansas City (Octoshyber 31 - November 3 1921) the Sport made 38 consecutive loops while being flown by ND Trinler Two Sports were also flown during a special efficiency race held at Omaha Nebraska on Noshyvember 11 An AK Sport again flown by Trinler placed second with a speed of 7791 mph when flown over a 153shymile triangular course Later that Noshyvember two AK Sports were placed at the disposal of the Kansas City Star to deliver newspapers from Kansas City to Lawrence Kansas in record time During a game between the Missouri Tigers and the Kansasjayhawks a teleshygraph wired a play-by-play account of the football game to the Stars office The newspapers were then promptly set printed and delivered via aircraft to the Lawrence street vendors beshyfore departing fans were even able to reach their homes

After establishing a climb record for Longren aircraft in 1922 the Longren Sport attracted the attention of customshyers from as far away as China and the Soviet Union In 1923 the US Navy became interested and on February 19 1924 Lt jB Kneip flew the accepshytance tests for the first of three Lonshygren AK Sports that were sold to the Navy (serial numbered A6745 through A6747) The first machine was shipped to Washington DC for testing at the Anacostia Naval Air Station while the other two were delivered to Pensacola However documentation of their subshysequent testing and use by the Navy remains elusive

30 JUNE 2007

Photos of Longren Sports and the later NL-13 show the distinctive Lonshygren company logo painted on the side of the fuselage and perhaps a few words need to be said about it This consisted of four capital ilLs joined at the top of each letter This formed a crux gammata or swastika although the direction the letters pointed was counter-clockshywise as opposed the symbols use on aircraft flown by Nazi Germany in which the bottom of the ilLs point in a clockwise direction Prior to its adoption by the Nazi Party this ancient symbol was seen as far afield at the Southwestshyern United States where it was a sacred symbol of Native Americans and in Inshydia and in Runic Europe During The Great War the Indian head emblem of Seaplane Pilots Association (SPA) 124 included a crux gammata as part of the headdress worn by the Native Amerishycan chief tan In its time and place it was considered as a symbol of good forshytune and was in no way considered to be an insult In fact after World War I Finland adopted a grayish-blue crux

gammata inscribed within a white circle as the national insignia for its aircraft In Longrens case the ilL was inscribed with a second ilL and the rest of the letters in Longrens surname In addishytion to that a circular logo and was placed at the center of the emblem to which a set of wings and a propeller reached out to a point near the tips of the ilLs So as it turns out the Lonshygren swastika was covered by what might roughly be considered a crux

immissa or crucifix Longren had no connections to fascist idealism The company logo which originated in the Midwest in the early 20s was simply a clever play on the primary letter in Longrens surname

No matter how good an aircraft the Longren Sport was the company could not survive on such limited orders and the last aircraft was sold in May of 1924 The remaining company assets patents and facilities were sold at an auction in March 1926 The Longren Sport was resurrected briefly in 1928 when the American Eagle Aircraft Corporation of Kansas City Missouri built a solitary aircraft as the Model A-429 However the aircraft was much different than the

original Longren Sport and the design was not pursued further Following the collapse of his company Longren was hired by Willis Brown to become viceshypresident of production at the Spartan Aircraft Co in Tulsa When Brown left in 1929 Longren also moved on to beshycome a design consultant at the Butshyler Manufacturing Co at Kansas City Butler had planned to manufacture the Butler Blackhawk biplane However the company was unable to do this and all manufacturing was halted in 1931 At this pOint Longren made a deal to build a new airplane -- the NL-13

Registered as X12538 and sporting the distinctive Longren fuselage logo the NL-13 (NL possibly standing for New Longren) fuselage was built usshying a new machine-forming method for heat-treated duralumin sheets The upper and lower fuselage halves of the 1932 NL-13 biplane were joined to T-shaped longerons and riveted toshygether Fuselage formers also made of liT cross-section were riveted to the halves creating a very strong duralushymin semi-monocoque fuselage Like the earlier Longren AK the NL-13 had twin side-by-side seating The powerplant of the aircraft was a Martin 333 of 120 hp With the exception of the wing spars the NL-13 was of all-metal construction the wings being fabric covered

The aircraft was first tested by George Gay in August of 1932 At that time Gay worked for the aeronautics branch of the Civil Aeronautics Administrashytion (CAA) The aircraft was found to be slightly tail-heavy This was cured by a slight stabilizer adjustment The engine also suffered from a slight overshyheating problem This was corrected by enlarging the cooling louvers and subshystituting the original propeller with anshyother type

The NL-13 had a span of 28 feet and a length of 22 feet Apparently the goal of the NL-13 was to obtain a military contract After further testing at Roosshyevelt Field Long Island New York the fuselage of the NL-13 was sold to the United States Army Air Corps and underwent stress evaluation at Wright Field Dayton OhiO in june 1933 After slight modification to some of the stiff-

continued on page 37

Flying to me is all about having fun Its grass strips and old

friends and old airplanes The folks at AUA understand my kind

of flying and my kind of airplanes They provide great service

at very good rates and they know me as an individual not just

a policy number

- Darrell Jenkins

Dan-ell Jenkins Heber Springs AR

bull Private pilot single-engine land and sea

bull 500 hours total shy300 in taildraggers

bull Current aircraft 1948 Ercoupe 415-E

AUA is Vintage Aircraft Association approved To become a member of VAA call 800middot843middot3612

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Lower liability and hull premiums - Medical payments induded - Fleet discounts for multiple aircraft carrying all risk coverages

continued from page 3

EAA Seeks to Preserve Access to Repair Station Services

EAA cautions that proposed aircraft repair station certification regulations could harm many small general aviashytion shops and adversely affect airshycraft owners seeking to maintain the airworthiness of their aircraft

The FAA estimates the cost for deshyveloping and implementing a new quality system called for by the proshyposed regulations at $34500 per reshypair station Many small operations cannot afford such an expense and it could force some to close their doors

We fear that these requirements would ultimately result in diminshyished availability of qualified and experienced maintenance expertise especially for the vintage fleet said Earl Lawrence EAA vice president of industry and regulatory affairs Airshycraft owners could be forced to use maintenance facilities with less speshycialized experience on their aircraft type making it more difficult to comshyplete major repairs and changes to small aircraft potentially impacting safety as well

EAA also questions the feasibility of requiring repair stations to mainshytain an approved capability list for each make series and model of airshycraft its permitted to work on Many small operators often inspect and maintain virtually hundreds of airshycraft types creating an administrashytive nightmare

EAA is willing to discuss how the FAA could best address its quality concerns while ensuring the ownshyers of small aircraft continue to have ready access to repair station services One suggestion EAA proposed is to exempt or lessen requirements for smaller shops with fewer than a given number of employees

EAAs full comments can be found at wwwEAAorgcommunications eaanewsRepa ir_Station_NPRM_Draftpdf The notice of proposed rulemaking is at httpDMSESDOTgovdocimages pdf99431749_webpdf 32 JUNE 2007

Young Eagle 13 Million Hails From New Mexico

Arlene Martinez in the right seat with volunteer Young Eagles pilot Paul Rachels

The EAA Young Eagles program the worlds most successful youth aviation initiative ever has registered the 13-millionth Young Eagle flown She is Arlene Martinez age 12 of Yuma Arizona who took her flight on March 17 at Somerton Airport (54AZ) in a Cessna 170 piloted by Paul Rachels EAA 633950 Rachels is president and Young Eagles coordinator for Yuma EAA Chapter 590

Arlene was very enthusiastic said Rachels who has flown 123 Young Eagles She definitely enjoyed the flight and would like to do it again He always gets a kick out of how kids react to their special flights Its as incredible an experience

for me as it is for them and I have 700 hours of flight time Steve Buss EAA Young Eagles executive director called it another important

milestone for the program which this year marks its 15th anniversary year-the birthday will be marked at AirVenture this year Its wonderful to recognize Paul and Arlenes flight but we also applaud the outstanding continuing support and enthusiasm for Young Eagles by our members We extend our congratulations to all who have helped the program reach this unprecedented level of participation

Nominations Due June 15 for EAA Young Eagles Awards Each year EAA honors several special volunteers at EAA AirVenture with the

annual Young Eagles awards and theres still time to nominate a deserving pershyson for 2007

Nominations for the following awards are being accepted through June 15

bull Chapter Coordinator bull Field Representative bull Ground Support Volunteer bull Young Eagles Humanitarian (presented for efforts to reach special needs

Young Eagles) bull Young Eagles Horizon Award (recognizing efforts to go beyond the basic

Young Eagles flight) Awards will be presented at a special ceremony held at EAA AirVenture Museshy

ums Eagle Hangar on Wednesday July 25 To download the official nomination form visit wwwYoungEaglesorgvolunteersaward_nominationpdf

BY BUCK HILBERT

The very beginning of airworthiness certificates pilot certificates

For many years Ive talked and writshy barnstormers and promote some ten about the beginnings of the Aero order and safety to their flying It had Club of America (ACA) now known one other side effect No record atshyas the National Aeronautic Associashy tempt or air show (or air meet as they tion (NAA) Ive explained how this were called back then) could be staged pioneer era appointed Orville Wright without the approval of the Aero as the chairman of the Contest amp Reshy Club which was affiliated with the cords Board and how a pilot registrashy international governing body the Feshytion program came into being deration Aeronautique Internationale

The World War I pilots returning (FAI) The contestant was required to home were barnstorming and othershy be a member of the Aero Club which wise doing their best to make a living then issued a certification to the pishyin aviation That led to attempts to lot Hence the FAlSporting License register and somehow civilize these old-timers would show was signed by

Certifying Aircraft and Pilots

AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATE IauecI to VIlICElll ASTOR Arw 23 W 26th Sl BYCit shy

m~ts CnltiUs that the Aircraft described below has been Inspected and found AiruIo~ for daylight llyin on AJIlI 0VEIl WUER OKLY

For the Fl)1nA Season of 1922 ~- ~-=l1=~== Cmlampato NJiI~_ _ -- UND ElV1UTEIS~OIlIS Iae

o o-_pmiIyenr3~J__I922 III _ - ~ t

_ _ Mri N=A1fefJ~mATE WAmR AmClWr _ _______ 1 - PQRIlrASRDWTCJN l T bull Y

N_- 01 AlOft to 5 M- 1-1 AJkwL c 9on MuwLOEBDIG AERO ElIGR C~IIoTNo 23-t SodoIH9~iF--__ 0- 30 pr 3 I~ _ 42 PT 6 U __ n 8 Pr _ 2700 4100 II UMIwI 1400 shy_ 130 M _Cd 20000 hlln_H_ 2S_ _ T LIBRRrY I I OBE __ US 32230 __ Do 5 000 - JfAJlJODS JULY 7 1922

Orville Wright It was a requirement of the federal government No federal requirement for a pilots certificate would come into being until the Air Commerce Act gave that authority and responsibility to the Department of Commerce on May 20 1926

In all of the information Ive read on the early days of the ACA later the NAA there was never any menshytion of aircraft standards or airworshythiness certificates I never quesshytioned it and as a matter of fact I never gave it a thought

Then along comes friend and Vinshytage member Mitch Wohl from Barrington Illinois and he drops two books on my desk The first one I picked up was titled A Symbol of Safety This book was first published in 1923 and tells all about the foundshying of the Underwriters Laboratories (UL) Reprinted in 1995 it goes into great detail as to the history of UL I found it very interesting

The second book published on the 100th anniversary of Underwritshyers Laboratories in 1994 amplifies a bit of the material that was pub-

This airworthiness certificate was issued by an Underwriters Laborashytories inspector Maj J W Jones who deemed the Loening Air Yacht of Vincent Astor to be in airworthy condishytion It is restricted to dayligbt flying and over water only Heres a photo of its sister ship from the 1922 Airshycraft Yearbook

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 3 3

Loening monoplane Flying Yacht 100 hp Liberty engine which made a world record for aHitude with three passengers and pilot 19500 feet

lished in the 1923 book Its entire theme is Making the World Safe for Technology What a revelation both regarding the organization s history in general and its involveshyment in aviation

The real beginnings were at the 1893 Worlds Fair at the Great White City in Chicago The Electricity Building had frequent visits by the fire brigade in response to the new alshyternating current electricity displays catching fire and causing problems It was then that William Henry Merrill began his testing lab which proved

electricity could be a servant rather than a master

Our only function is to serve not to profit We are doing someshything for manufacturers buyers and property owners everywhere We are doing things for humanity was a direct quote from Merrill This was the beginning of the lab The lab was funded by corporations that wanted their products tested as well as by the insurance underwriters themselves

From 1893 through 1905 the budshyget expanded from a mere $3000 to more than $300000 During that

The book goes into

great detail

as to physical

standards for

airmen There were

all sorts of tests

for altitude tolerance

fatigue and eyesight

and their standards

specify annual physicals

rAiLW~eeL5

srlINSON 15 JOCII~Y

34 JUNE 2007

time more than 7500 reports were published the lab moved to larger quarters it was chartered in Illinois and the landmark inspection and label service was established Within two years UL inspectors were at work in 67 citshyies UL got into everything electrical fire prevention fire extinguishers automobiles oil and gasses and transportashytion as well Thats where we come in airplanes

When the first commercial airplane takes off here in the USA in the 20s UL registers airplanes certifies pilots and issues the now rather quaint-sounding Rules of the Air

Im getting ahead of the full story but in a nutshell the National Aircraft Underwriters Association proposed and requested UL become the custodian of the official register of all aircraft pilots (other than government pilots) and take full charge of all details connected therewith

UL undertook this branch of the work on July I 1921 The book goes into great detail as to physical stanshy

dards for airmen There were all sorts of tests for altitude tolerance fatigue and eyesight and their standards specify annual physicals

No wonder the early birds were considered supermen The next step was to create a register of commercial and private aircraft On May I 1922 UL began a nationwide inspection service in order to make it possible to issue cershytificates of airworthiness for individual aircraft The details of the inspections and the people employed to conduct them is an early Whos Who in aviation The inspections were very stringent and as demanding for the aircraft as they were for the pilots

And that dear friends is the story of the first airworshythiness certificates They were all issued long before the Department of Commerce became involved and of course long before the creation of the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) and the Federal Aviation Administration

Little by little the freedoms of flight have been whittled down and the myriad of Federal Aviation Regulations we live with came about but here fellow pilots and aircraft owners was the very beginning and it was the insurance people who started it all I(

Over to you (( ~((~

~ Call to order your copies today

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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 35

BY HG FRAUTSCHY

THIS MONTHS MYSTERY PLANE PHOTO IS A BIT OF A MULLIGAN FOR THOSE OF YOU

WHO HAVE ENJOYED L1GHTPLANES FOR A NUMBER OF YEARS STILL NOT MUCH IS PUBLISHED ABOUT THIS RATHER ATTRACTIVE AMPHIBIAN

Send your answer to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box You can also send your response via e-mail Send 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Your answer needs your answer to mysteryplaneeaaorg Be sure to include to be in no later than July 15 for inclusion in the your name city and state in the body of your note and September 2007 issue of Vintage Airplane put I(Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line

MARCH S MYSTERY ANSWER

36 J UN E 2007

nology olph Dope

Heres a little about the March Mystery Plane

The subject Mystery Plane apshypears to be the Longren NL-13 sin 2 X12538 built in 1932 by Albin K Longren (1882-1950) in Kansas City Missouri Longren had been a design consultant for Butler Manushyfacturing Co during the certificashytion of the Butler Blackhawk and built the NL-13 in the Butler facility with help from Butler employees Butler had ceased production by that time in the depths of the Great Depression The NL-13 had an allshy

wing spars and the fabric wing covshyering The engine was a 120-hp Marshytin 333 inve rted inline with four cylinders The X12538 was the only NL-13 built and was not successful in reaching production although it was an ea rly example of formed alushyminum aircraft structures

My information comes from Aeroshyfilescom and from Chuck (Charles E) Lebrechts fine article entitled AK Longren - Pioneer Airman of the West published in American Aviation Historishycal Society Journal Vol26 No4 Winshyter 1981 pp258-270 Lebrechts article gives a great vjew of Longrens career as an aircraft designer and manufacturer

Jack Erickson State College Pennsylvania Other correct answers were reshy

ceived from WaIt House Wichshyita Kansas George Otto Snook Monroe Michigan John Miller Wamego Kansas Cam Bla ze r Leawood Kansas An extensive arshyticle on the airplane and AK Lonshygren written by Wesley Smith is also included in this issue of Vinshytage Airplane

metal airframe except for wooden 1---------------------------------shy

eners and bulkheads the NL-13 fuselage had a safety factor able to absorb 1683g

ahead of the center of gravity (CG) and 11g aft of the CG

This made the fuselage of the NL-13 considerably stronger than that of the Stearman YBT-3 Boeing P-26A Conshysolidated P-30 and Boeing P-12B with which it was compared the YBT-3 having a maximum g-Ioading potential of 109

both fore and aft of the CG While the reshyport recommended the possible adoption of Longrens construction techniques orshyders for the NL-13 were not forthcoming and no further examples were built

With the demise of Butler Longren went to work for himself using a porshytion of the former Butler factory at the Kansas City Municipal Airport In 1933-34 Longren did the initial metal work on the Luscombe Phantom and developed metal-working techniques with his partner Ivan Driggs Plans for opening another aircraft factory were put on hold when Cessn a reopened their Wichita Kansas facility in 1934 for production of the Cessna C-34 Cessna hired Longren as vjce-president a posishy

tion that he held until 1939 when he moved to Torrance California to open the Longren Aircraft Company

While Longren built no further airshycraft he became a successful subconshytractor of prefabricated components for other aircraft manufacturers After the end of World War II Longren sold his company and retired to a 3OOO-acre ranch at Adin Ca lifornia where he passed away due to a heart condition on Nov 19 1950 at age 68

The defini tive Longren article was written by Mr Charles E Lebrecht and was published in the Winter 1981 edishytion of the American Aviation Historical Society Journal (Volume 26 Number 4 pages 258-270) I am indebted to Mr Lebrechts excellent research for the inshyformation in this piece Further informashytion on AK Longren can be found in the pages of Aviation Quarterly (Mace Kenshyneth D Pioneer Airmen ofKansas Volshyume 5 Number 2 Second Quarter 1979 pages 152-163) Mr Maces article is also quite well-written and contains severshyal beautiful photos of Longrens aircraft as well as the 1908 Call Mayfly

VINTAGE A I RPLANE 37

The fo llowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter of information only and does not constishytute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed To submit an event send the information via mail to Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Or e-mail the information to vintageaircrafteaaorg Information should be received four months prior to the event date

JUNE S-IO-Union IL-Poplar Grove Airport Army Wings and Wheels Info Vintage Wings amp Wheels Museum 815-547middot3115 Tom Murray hiwheelsbcglobalnet

JUNE 14-17-St Louis MO-Dauster Flying Field Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) American Waco Club Flymiddotln Info Phil Coulson 269shy624-6490 or rcoulson516cscom www americanwacoclubcom

JUNE 20-2l--Lock Haven PA-William T Piper Memorial Airport (LHV) Sentimental Journey Fly-In Family oriented fly-in featuring antique and classic aircraft of all makes and models especially PIPERS Seminars vendors food camping and entertainment daily Come for the day or the week Call 570-893-4200 or 748shy5123 for more information j3cubkcnet org wwwsentimentaljourneyfly-incom

JUNE 21-24-Mt Vernon Ohio-Wynkoop Airport (6G4) 48th Annual National Waco Club Reunion Check www nationalwacoclubcom for more information and contact information Or email call Andy Heins 937 313 5931 wacoasoaolcom

JUNE 22-24-Gardner KA-Gardner Municipal Airport (K34) Greater KC VAA Chapter 16 Fly-in Contact Kevin Pratt 816-985-3248

JUNE 23-Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

JUNE 30-Chetek WI-The Chetek WI (Y23) 9AM car show craft fair and show a professional horse pull and a water ski show Plenty of food and drink available throughout the day For more info contact Chuck Harrison 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet or Tim Knutson 715-237shy2477 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

JUNE 31-Russellville KY- Russellville-Logan County Airport (4M7) 9th Annual All You Can Eat BarBQ Lunch 1100am - 200pm Rain Date July 5th Aircraft displays skydiving door prizes Everyone welcome For more information eaal165yahoo com wwwangelfirecom ky3 eaal165 Joe Lawrence 270-726-1558

JULY 4-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-llam For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

JULY 6-8--All iance Oh (2Dl)-Taylorcraft and Ohio Aeronca Aviators Fly-In See the airplanes built in Alliance OH amp Middletown

38 JU N E 2007

OH and the people that built them Camping motels food all day fbarberalliancelinkcom 330823-1168 bwmatzllacyahoocom 216 337-5643 httpwwwoaafy-incom see wwwbarberaircraftcom for airport diagrams Breakfast served Sat amp Sun 7AM to 11AM by EM Chapter 82

JULY 14-Zanesville OH-Parr Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

AUGUST 5-Queen City MO-Applegate Airport (15MO) 20th Annual Watermelon Fly-In amp BBQ 2pm til dark Come and see grass roots aviation at its best Info 660-766-2644

AUGUST S-Chetek WI-Southworth Municipal airport (Y23) BBQ Fly-In 1030am Warbird displays antique and unique airplanes antique amp collector car displays and raffles for airplane rides Procedes will be given to local charities Info Chuck Harrison - Office 715-924shy4501 Cell 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet Tim Knutson - Home 715-237-2477 Cell 651-308-2839 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

AUGUST 17-19--McMinnville OR-25th Annual West Coast Travel Air Reunion Come Celebrate the Rebirth of the Travel Air Expected to be the largest gathering of Vintage Travel Airs in recent times Held in conjunction with the Northwest Antique Airplane Club Event Info Bruce McElhoe 559-638-3746

AUGUST 18--Forest Lake MN-(25D)-Airport Fly-in and Open House lOam - 4pm 24shyhour gas and 24-hour grass 3000-foot 31 13 Forest Lake Lions serve brats corn-ltgtn-the-cob and ice cream 100LL is available John Schmidt EM 250021 St Paul Minnesota 651 776 1717

AUGUST IS-I9-Long Island NY- Bayport (23N) Annual Antique Aeroplane Fly-In Old time movies popcorn pig roast flour bomb drop and spot landing contest with the days ending in the in famous Sheep Shagger Baa For more info wwwAACGNY org or email Stuart Bain at Sbain emediaofny com

AUGUST 19-Brookfield WI-Capitol Airport (02C) Ice Cream Social and vintage Aircraft Display VAA Chapter 11 Dean London 262-442-4622

AUGUST 2S-Niles MI-Jerry Tyler Memorial Airport (3TR) VAA Chapter 35 Annual Corn amp Sausage Roast Lunch served 1100am

to 300 pm Rain date on Sunday August 26th Donations of $500 for adults and $300 for children under 12 Contact Len Jansen tripacerlenyahoocom

SEPTEMBER I -Marion IN-Marion Municipal Airport (MZZ) 17th Annual Fly-In Cruise-In 700am until 200pm This annual event features antique classic homebuilt ultralight and warbird aircraft as well as vintage cars trucks motorcycles and tractors An all-you-can-eat Pancake Breakfast is served with all proceeds going to the local Marion High School Marching Band wwwFlylnCruiselncomlnfo Ray Johnson (765) 664-2588 or rjohnson indyrrcom

SEPTEMBER I -Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $2 50 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer Phone (740) 454-7487

SEPTEMBER 2-Mondovi WI-21st Annual Log Cabin Airport Fly-In Doug Ward Owner Operator 715-287-4205 Lunch noon

SEPTEMBER 8-Newark Ohio-NewarkshyHeath Airport (VTA) Annual Fly-In DriveshyIn Breakfast Pancakes and More Young Eagles Flights Vintage Airplanes Classic Cars Tom McFadden 740-587shy2312 email EAA402adelphianet

SEPTEMBER 9-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-12pm For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

SEPTEMBER 21-22- Bartlesville OK-Frank Phillips Field (BVO) 51st Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-In Antiques Classics Light Sport Warbirds Forum Type Clubs Info Charlie Harris 918-622shy8400 wwwtulsafyincom

OCTOBER 5-7-Camden SC-Kershaw County Airport (KCDN) VAA Chapter 3 Fall Fly-In All classes welcome BBQ on field Fri Evening EAA judging all classes Sat Banquet Sat Nite Info Jim Wilson 843-753-7138 or eiwilson homexpresswaynet

OCTOBER 5-7-St Louis MO-Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) The Monocoupe Club Fly-In amp Reunion wwwmonocoupecom

OCTOBER IO-I4-Tuliahoma TN- Beech Birthday Party 2007 Staggerwing Twin Beech 18 Bonanza Baron Beech ownersamp enthusiasts Info 931shy455-1974

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2007 MAJOR FLy-INS

For details on EM Chapter flymiddotins and other local avimiddot ation events visit wwweaaorgjevents

Golden West EAA Regional Ay-In

Yuba County Airport (MYV) Marysville CA

June 29middotJuly 1 2007 wwwGodenWestRynorg

Rocky Mountain EAA Regional AyJn Front Range Airport (FTG) Watkins CO

June 23-24 2007 wwwRMRRorg

Arlington EAA Ay-In

Arlington Municipal Airport (AWO) Arlington WA July 11-15 2007

wwwNWEAAorg

EAA AlrVenture Oshkosh

Something to buy sell or trade Classified Word Ads $550 per 10 words 180 words maximum with boldface

lead-in on first line

Classified Display Ads One column wide (2167 inches) by 1 2 or 3 inches

high at $20 per inch Black and white only and no frequency discounts

Advertising Closing Dates 10th of second month prior to desired issue date

(ie January 10 is the closing date for the March issue) VAA reserves the right

to reject any advertising in conflict with its policies Rates cover one insertion per

issue Classified ads are not accepted via phone Payment must accompany order

Word ads may be sent via fax (920-426-4828) or e-mail (cassadseaaorg) using

credit card payment (all cards accepted) Include name on card complete address

type of card card number and expiration date Make checks payable to EAA

Address advertising correspondence to EAA Publications Classified Ad Manager

PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086

MISCELLANEOUS BABBITT BEARING SERVICE - rod

Wittman Regional Airport (OSH) Oshkosh WI July 23-29 2007 wwwAirVentureorg

EAA Mld-Eastem Regional Ay-In Mansfield Lahm Airport Mansfield OH August 25-26 2007

httpMERR info

Virginia Regional EAA Ay-In

Dinwiddie County Airport (PTB) Petersburg VA October 6-7 2007 wwwVAEAAorg

EAA Southeast Regional Ay-In Middleton Field Airport (GZH) Evergreen AL October 12-14 2007 wwwSERRorg

Copperstate Regional EAA AyJn Casa Grande (Arizona) Municipal Airport (CGZ)

October 25-28 2007 wwwcopperstateorg

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Page 21: PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATIONmembers.eaavintage.org/wp...Vol-35-No-6-June-2007.pdf · PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION . ... Flightline Safety Committee and their

BONNIE KRATZ

He Danny Poultons Aeronca Chief features a custom color scheme that is reminiscent of the original decoration composed by Hap Granier for Aeroncas4012E side-by-side personal airplane

where I~gOt~t~h~e~iiiiiiiiiiibullbullbullbull con- trol yoke covers with the Aeronca logos the ashshytrays the bezels and the air box for the cabin heat I even found the pishytot tube and hand brake on eBay If I would have had to physically search for all of that stuff Id probably still be looking

Wag-Aero came to the rescue in supplying the struts and wing leadshying edges

III was able to use most of the origishynal boot cowl but the original noseshybowl was really bad and was cut for the McDowell starter so I used an STCd fiberglass replacement If I find a good original I may change that

11Th is airplane came out of the facshytory with toe brakes which were with the airplane and I stayed with the mechanical brakes and just installed new pads You dont really need

20 JUNE 2007

brakes on the airshyplane for anything so they work just fine

Danny was planning on flying the airplane a lot and added a venturi so he could run an artificial horizon and added air vent holes

When we were doing the inteshyrior there was no kit available for the headliner so a neighbor Phyllis Dalshyton sewed one up using the original material found on Chiefs That was really tedious Then I made the side panels and covered them with Airtex fabric and had to fabricate a new bagshygage door and make the boards for the seats

The panel had already been cleaned so the wood grain was gone but I decided not to try to put it on I did however make two metal glove

compartments for it The sliding windows were

original to the airplane but the polished prop isnt I just thought it looked betshyter polished

When the airframe was done and ready to be covered Danny went with Poly-Fiber and shot it with Aeroshythane but not in the original colshyors or scheme

IIAirtex had some sample seat covers for the airplane that were inexpensive so I bought them and had the paint mixed to go with the seat covers Also the paint stripes arent original They

mimic the factory scheme but arent exact I should also mention that I had some help with the fabric from Larry and Phyllis Dalton who helped cover the airplane This was my first time and they made it easy

Since Danny had no engine he was starting from scratch in that area The original was a C8S-8 but with his papaerwork he found a Supplemental Type Certificate (STC) that opened interesting new avenues

There was part of an STC in our paperwork that would let me install a -12 engine and that would allow me to have an electric starter which I reshyally wanted The problem was that the STC wasnt complete Plus the -8 mount is

than the shy12 so its not

a plug-andshyplay

change and I

expected some problems

getting the papershywork straightened out

I called the Atshylanta Flight Stanshydards District Office and really

lucked out The Coshylumbia Federal Aviashy

tion Agency (FAA) field examiner came out looked the airplane over and said hed be happy to clean up the paperwork and submit it to Atlanta for me What I thought was going to be a problem turned out to be quite easy

Unfortunately Danny found out that things dont always go easy when restoring an airplane and his headaches came in the form of his first engine

I had two sons

Dale and lD

and a wonderful

wife and 1 didnt

want to lose all of

that just because

1 was overweight

So 1 started

looking for an

airplane to rebuild

as a way to keep

myself busy

I bought a C8S-12 that had been overhauled I had flown it for about 22 hours when one cylinder lost a lot of compression so we pulled the jug When we got inside we found that the rod was just banging around in there and was loose on the crank When we split the case we found the crank was badly scored and a lot of metal had gone through the engine so I had to find another one

The second engine was freshly overhauled by an FAA-certified shop

in 2000 after a prop strike The guy I bought it from was building a homebuilt and

was afraid that the engine was going to sit too long before his

project was completed so he sold it Everything checked out to be perfect and it has been humming along with no problems since day one

We flew the airplane for the first time July I 2006 and I had a local pilot Gary Dalton do the test hop I dont mind telling you that I was nershyvous watching it When I flew it for the first time I had only 10 hours of tailshywheel time Id logged while getting my tail wheel endorsement I was a little nervous then too but everything went beautifully When we flew it it was alshymost exactly three years to the day that we unloaded it from the trailer

When I started I guess I became a little compulsive about working on it Id eat in the hangar work until 10 or 11 every night and sometimes Id wake up in the middle of the night and go out and work on it When Id get home from church on Sunday Id change clothes and go out and get something done Im glad I did it that way because it really helped me with the other problem

In the process of restoring his Chief Danny met several goals The first was finishing and flying his own Chief but the second and more imshyportant was taking control of his life From the time he started the Chief to the time he flew it he lost 230 pounds and added no telling how many years to his life Most people have difficulty committing to just finishing an airshyplane so Danny is to be congratushylated for two jobs well done ~

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 21

~The Bmiddot thof

Creating a classic design BY CHESTER L PEEK PHD

Could you in three months time design and build a new light plane without tools or factory and with very little money Impossible you say But that is just what eG Tayshylor did in the spring of 1936 when he introduced the legendary Taylorshycraft to the aviation world Heres the story

In the last week of December 1935 eG Taylor was confined to his bed ill and completely discourshy

aged Days before he and Bill Piper Hangar at Butler Pennsylvania 1936 Still in use today had signed a legal document that dissolved their troubled partnership For Taylors share of the Taylor Cub company (which was in debt more than $90000) he received approximately $5000 to be paid out in small installments over three years

Byron Shinn knew Taylor well both as a customer and friend In a 1991 letter he describes Taylors situashytion and subsequent events

Back in the 1930s we had a small manufacturing comshypany located in one of the hangars on the Butler Pennsylvashynia airport called The Shinn Devices Company We made aluminum wheels for aircraft 4 bead diameter 700X4 tire and at that time sold them to most of the light aircraft manshyufacturers including the Taylor and Piper organization in Bradford Pennsylvania We had a quite complete machine shop and engineering design business I remember how Taylorcraft got started One very cold winter day probably in December 1935 I drove up to see Taylor in Bradford The roads were terrible ice coated and I almost had several acshycidents When I got there I found Taylor sick in bed and in a very discouraged frame of mind He had just been kicked out of his company by Piper and had little or no money or employment I told him with his abilities as an aircraft deshysigner and builder that he should certainly try to get back in the business and offered to help if I could

I went back to Butler and contacted D Bar Peat who was a promoter a very nice fellow who was running the Butler

Ken SchoHer about 1980 airport I asked if he could raise some money to start Tayshy22 JUNE 2007

TAYLORCRAFT BY C 6 TAYLOR PlmBUR6H-BUTLER AIRPORT BunER PA

STABLE FAST A NEW LIGHT PLANE ECONOMICAL LOWPRICED

First Taylorcraft ad February 1936 Aero Digest

First Taylorcraft specifications Photo is of a model

during the

Depression

you NEVER

left a job

Yet these men

deeply loyal

to Taylor

came with him

to this chancy

new venture Byron Shinn about 1936

TAYLORCRAFT Model A

ATe pendingB_ Span 36 (11 m) Length 22 (67 m) Heicht 6 8 (21 m) Wm area 169 fLgt (156 ml) Power Ioodiaa 2IS IbsJhp (118 kcJho) WioJ Ioadma 58 1bbullJIt (293 kcl) Weicht empty 570 Ibs (259 kg) U falload 420 Ibs (190 kc) Payload 181 lbo (82 kcl Gr weiht m lbo (449kcr Bant I Ibs (5 kg) Fuel 10 gals

~L~~L11t1iLk hp

~~~gtam~~hm~~49 kph) l~ mph (51h ) Semlte laquoiliaC 101000 ft (4260 m) imb per min 400 It (122 tn) Cruig rang 210 mi (371 1aD) ~ F welded eel tubg four JODIeIODS of proareqjve diameters wood faired and fabric conrcd removable maine mouat j streued fot SO hp installamiddot tion Wg two paDdJ bolted to fuselafefabric _ ~ oectioo With eJlipticalJy rOUDded tips JOlid apruce JPlrs

Zplace ATC

metal ribs fabricated from drawn NicraJ secshytions sinclc drag wire bracinc built-up metal frame ailerons fabric COYered and of the balanced type with DO exposed horns

=r~~brTc ~~ai~~~wd~ removable fin elentor and stabiliurs inshyterlthanaeable right or IefL Landing rear =evbsor~ closed~~~es color ocJlulosc finish with trim Two-place flex-wine seat 39 inches ide--by-lide cabin fabric lined and fire-wall sound proofed all control cables and fittinp in the cabin are fully enclosed Baggag compartment 6- X 9- X w- back of seaL

~~6oo-~~bS~ wbeds DuPont Pluticell 1rindJhield rulr her mounted illltrument pampDe1 ~ Aeromarinc altimeter U S 011

~~itfra~~ pass or other instnunmts extra

Carlson and Harold White who were engineers Ken Tibbits and Les Salshychow Parks College graduates along with mechanics Colby Carpenter and William Crawford All these men had good secure jobs with Piper and durshying the Depression you NEVER left a job Yet these men deeply loyal to Taylor came with him to this chancy new venture All would eventually rise to responsible executive posishytions with Taylorcraft

Ken Scholter a local mechanic was hired as a welder Contemposhyrary reports credit him with most of the welding on the new plane Forshytunately he was also an amateur photographer and documented the building process on film He furshynished most of the photos shown in this article

Shinn resumes I When Taylor came to Butler he had very little money we all had very little money at that time I believe he got a small settlement from Piper for his share of the Cub company This was in the depths of the Depresshysion We doled the money out a few dolshylars at a time and started to build the first plane We used our machine shop to make the draw bench to make the rib parts and to make most of the parts jigs and dies that required machining

An engineering department was set up I hired a draftsman when Ray Carlshyson moved down from Bradford Tayshylor and the mechanics would make the parts and then the draftsman would

lor up again in the airplane business He along with Col make the drawings We designed a new wheel for the plane Breckenridge and some others did raise a little money about lightweight and very strong being constructed of an alumishy$1000 as I recall enough to include the building of the jigs num stamping fastened to a cast aluminum end rim Tayshyand fixtures and the first plane We moved Taylor and his lor and I also developed the new tapered axle which was family to Butler rented him a house and started work in a lighter and less costly A new Goodrich tire size 600 x 6 vacant hangar on the Butler airport SeveraL of Taylors men was used from Bradford came with him II The plane was designed and built during the first four

Actually six key Bradford employees left Piper and to five months of 1936 This must have been some sort of joined Taylor in the new enterprise They were Ray record When the plane was finished the test pilot Tibbits

VINTA GE A IR PLANE 23

One day we came to work

to find trucks backed up

to the hangar and Taylor

hauling away all the

Taylorcraft parts Batch of Shinn 800 x 4 wheelsjigs and fixtures

started the test flights First he taxied the plane up and down the runway then flew it the length of the runway just off the ground then made flights a bit higher and finally made circuits The plane flew very well but would not stall The CAA required proper recovery from a stall so Taylor worked on the horizontal tail surfaces so that a stall could be induced and the plane passed the CAA tests

Taylor was a design genius The CAA had just released a new-design wing curve and Taylor was the first I

ffi believe to use it The wing curve was ~ ~ faster and had a soft stall ~ This was the NACA 23012 airfoil z ~ Taylor once told the author that in

Fuselage structure 1935 he built a set of wings for the Cub using that airfoil but Piper veshytoed the change They were hanging on a wall when the Bradford factory burned in 1937

Shinn says I started an advertising campaign beginning with a very small ad in Aero Digest saying IISomething new is coming in Aviation The next ads told a little more People were very enthusiastic about the new plane It was much advanced over the Cub beshying faster with side-by-side seating and wheel controls Before long we had reshyceived down payments from over 50 customers $200 each as I recall This

ffi was due to correspondence with old ~ ~ Taylor Cub dealers and the Aero Dishy~ z gest ad In a 1992 interview Bob UJ

Taylor eGs son confirmed thisWing details He remembered his father waking

24 JUNE 2007

First A-40 run-up May 1936

him up one night in Butler and showing him $10000 in down payments

The first ad appeared in the February issue of Aero Digest and is shown on this page A later ad showed a photo of the plane but since no plane had been comshypleted at that time it was actually a snapshot of a model CG Taylor built on his kitchen table First the new trademark Taylorcraft was used but when Beechcraft threatened legal action claiming Taylorcraft sounded too much like Beechcraft the ads were changed to read Airplanes by GG Taylor However they resumed us-

CG Taylor and a Model ATaylorcraft 1936

ing the Taylorcraft name after sevshyeral months

Shinn continues D Bar Peat was always trying to promote the plane On Sundays they would put on an air show at the Butler airport and 200 to 300 people would atshytend Som e way he got the Taylorshycraft to lead the way when all the planes taxied by the grandstand at the Cleveland Air Races

Meanwhile in the hangar facshytory the prototype plane was beshying rushed to completion but not fast enough to suit Taylor He

once told the author I was away ~ from the plant for three days havshyo ~ ing given instructions to complete sect the engine mount When I returned

it was not done I hung the engine in the right place with a chain hoist we

cut the tubing to (it and it was done in an hour On May 1 the Continental A-40 engine SIN 635

was run up for the first time then on May 8 Taylor signed an application for an experimental certificate Only eight days later on Saturday May 16 CAA inshyspector RA Young witnessed the test flight and issued certificate X-16393 to the first Taylorcraft SIN 25 Apshyproximately three months had elapsed from the time construction was started until the new plane was airshyborne A remarkable achievement

It was a beautiful plane sleek and streamlined a far VINTAGE AIRPLANE 25

Test flight of the first Taylorcraft May 1936

1 rryen~~A1~~~ )~ ~- shyITS A - -=- (=- = --- I FAF

BEAUTY 51495middot00-----shy~GRACEFULLY CONTINENTAL

STREAMLINED - - _ MOTOR

C G TAYL O R bull PlttsburqhmiddotBuUer Airport bull Bu tler Penna

April 1936 ad in Aero Digest

cry from Taylors boxy square-cornered E-2 Cub With side-by-side seating and wheel controls it rivaled much larger more expensive planes such as the Waco and Stinson Weight had been kept to a minimum the proshytotype weighed only 570 pounds It was much faster than the Cub The first prospective customers who flew the plane verified the advertised cruising speed of 80 mph In a race with two locals an Aeronca C-3 and a Kinner Fleet the Taylorcraft won easily

The investors at Butler were elated With nearly 100 orders and down payments received for their new plane they envisioned a rapid production buildup and the prospects of a thriving profitable enterprise Their faith however had been misplaced

Shinn continues But unknown to D Bar Peat and me Taylor had been talking to others about financing and a place to manufacture the plane One day we came to work to find trucks backed up to the hangar and Taylor haulshying away all the Taylorcraft parts jigs and fixtures They moved to Alliance Ohio where they got one years free rent on a large old airplane factory financing and tax breaks D Bar Peat and I retained a lawyer to try to get back our inshyvestment eventually getting back some shares ofTaylorcraft 26 JUNE 2007

stock instead of money And Piper quit buying my wheels and switched to Hayes

Happily Taylor and Shinn soon put their legal difshyferences behind them and remained good friends and business associates for many years

Shinn was not alone in his disappointment when the unexpected move came Scholter was out of a job In 1992 he made this comment They left Butler owing me almost a months pay which I never got But they did give me a very nice letter of recommendation

The Alliance Review newspaper proudly announced the arrival of the new aircraft enterprise in its July 9 1936 edition But that is a story for another day

Authors note When researching my book The Taylorcraft Story in

1992 I was privileged to personally interview four prishymary information sources regarding the Butler Pennshysylvania events eG Taylor Bob Taylor Ken Scholter and Byron Shinn The history above was taken from those interviews and contemporary newspaper articles

_ 55 ~a-~~~ition

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LIN COL N MERCURY

EXTRA The Butler Manufacturing Co NL-I3 biplane

The March 2007 Mystery Plane is the 1932 Butler Manufacturing Co NL-13 biplane designed by Albin Kasper Longren (sometimes simply reshyferred to as the Longren NL-13)

AK Longren had a very long and interesting aviation career Born in a log cabin near Clay Center Kansas in 1882 he was the one of 14 children born to Swedish immigrant homeshystead farmers Charles and Emma Lonshygren In 1901 he took a business course from the International Corresponshydence School (ICS) which he followed up with an ICS diploma in mechanical engineering from 1907-1911

Longrens interest in aviation beshygan with his observations of Henry L Call in 1908 Call originally a New York lawyer author and socialist had moved to Girard Kansas in February of 1908 in order to construct a large and ungainly flying machine powered by two 20-hp Curtiss B-4 engines Known as the Mayfly and The Chicken (among other colorful names) the airshycraft failed to fly despite modification Call enjoyed the support of the nashytional socialist newspaper An Appeal to Reason and constructed several aircraft under the aegis of The Aerial Navigashytion Company of America starting in 1908 before the company changed its name

Beginning in 1911 Call manushyfactured two-cylinder and fourshycylinder horizontally opposed air-cooled engines which h e marshyketed to would-be aviators through

28 JUNE 2007

BY WESLEY SMITH

advertisements (primarily in Aircraft and Fly magazines published by Alshyfred W Lawson of 1920 Lawson Airshyliner fame) The two-cylinder Call was rated at 45 hp and the four-cylshyinder engine was rated at 90 hp Call engines were among the first aircraft engine to be fitted with mufflers an individual muffler being attached to the exhaust port of each cylinder

With his brother EJ Longren and a mechanic named William Janeke Longren constructed a Curtiss-type pusher biplane in Topeka Kansas Beshygun in the summer of 1910 the Toshypeka I was not completed until the fall of 1911 Fitted with a 60-hp Hall-Scott A-2 a water-cooled V-8 the Topeka I became the first successful aircraft to be completed in the state of Kansas Longren made his first flight on Sepshytember 2 and on September 5 1911 he made two flights the first flight reaching about 225 feet in altitude and covering 15 miles and the secshyond reaching about 300 feet and covshyering six miles

Of course Longren was only one of numerous individuals who built Curtiss-type pushers Plans for early Herring-Curtiss machines were pubshylished in Aeronautics and other aviashytion periodicals as well as in books With some individual alterations many such aircraft were built in the United States prior to Americas entry into World War 1

At any rate Longren soon went into the exhibition business with

H Young renaming the Topeka I as the Dixie Flyer The words Dixie Flyer - AK Longren - Aviator were painted on the underside of the Topeka IDishyxie Flyers monoplane canard Between 1911 and 1914 Longren gave 1372 exhibition flights in Kansas Texas Oklahoma Nebraska and Colorado for the Young Aviation Co

In 1912 Longren built a second Curshytiss-type with a Hall-Scott A-2 This airshycraft incorporated the improvements Curtiss had made to his newer aircraft during 1911-1912 and in due course the mid-gap ailerons were moved to the trailing edges of the upper wing This aircraft was sold to Longrens forshymer student and friend Phil Billard who used it to give exhibition flights This aircraft sometimes known as the Topeka II was presented to the Kansas State Historical Society in 1938 where it still exists as a display

In the spring of 1914 Longren took time to marry Ms Dolly Trent Later that winter (1914-1915) Longren built his first entirely original aircraft design - a two-place tractor biplane again seshylecting the reliable Hall-Scott as the powerplant During an exhibition at the Dickson County Fair at Abilene on September 9 1915 the aircraft stalled on takeoff and was destroyed hitting an automobile that was leaving the fairshygrounds Longrens passenger was relashytively unscathed but Longren suffered a broken leg and several internal injuries

While recovering from his injushyries in early 1916 Longren with Phil

Billard began the construction of his fourth aircraft the Model G The Model G was a clean two-place tractor biplane with a strong resemblance to a Curtiss IN-4 In fact it was powered by a Curtiss OX-2 and was intended for sale to the warring European powers However only two were sold one to the Kansas National Guard the other being used for exhibition flights

Late in the year Longren built a small tractor biplane sometimes reshyferred to as the Longren Bus The conshystruction featured a three-ply wooden monocoque fuselage and was built for William Burt of Okmulgee Oklahoma A second machine was constructed for Lester Miller of Dallas Texas who inshytended to use the aircraft for aerobatic exhibitions By late 1917 Longren had moved on to another two-place design known as the Model H As in the case of the earlier Longren Bus the Model H used a wooden monocoque fuselage The Model H was powered by a Curshytiss 90-hp OX-5 engine unfortunately while on his way to Kansas City Misshysouri Longren suffered an engine failshyure near Wakarusa Kansas The aircraft was destroyed in a crash which proved fatal to a cow standing in the field in which Longren was forced down He was made to pay $10000 in restitution to the angry farmer After that interest in the Model H faded away

Late in 1917 Longren became involved with Frederick W Buck MD ME and applied for a posishytion as chief engineer with the Buck Aircraft and Munitions Co of Denshyver To what extent Longren became involved with Dr Buck is unknown Buck (a long with Elmer Sperry and later Charles F Kettering at DaytonshyWright) had plans to develop and sell an aerial torpedo - essentially a small 50-hp biplane cruise misshysile which was intended to fly on a preprogrammed course then shed its wings at the proper time and place depositing a bomb contained within the crude fuselage framework

Longrens career took another path after his debacle with the Model H After failing to establish a new airshycraft company in Overland Park Kansas Longren eventually took a

position at McCook Field as an airshycraft inspector The Great War had cost Longrens friend Phil Billard his life when he was killed in a flying accident while serving in Issoudun France Longrens position at McshyCook had allowed him the opportushynity to examine every domestic and foreign-built aircraft tested there unshytil the time of his departure in 1919 On June 17 1919 Longren formed the Longren Aircraft Corp in Topeka Kansas using a former woolen mill in the Oakland suburb as the site for the new corporation The first aircraft to come out of the plant was the rebuilt Model H now resurrected as the H-2 It is unclear as to how the H-2 differed from the earlier Model H but by midshy1920 Longren had gone in yet another direction with the construction of the two-place Model D-2 - a small aircraft powered by a three-cylinder Y conshyfiguration Lawrence Model B engine of 35-60 hp Within a year the D-2 had evolved to become the Longren Model AK Sport

Described in the pages of Aviashy

tion and Aerial Age Weekly (Volume 11 Number 12 Sept 291921 pages 336-337 and Volume 14 Numshyber 3 Sept 26 1921 pages 55-56 respectively) the two-place Longren Sport or Fibre Sport was a sensational design that incorporated the three-ply laminated wooden monocoque fuseshylage of the 1916 Longren Bus and the 1917 Model H and a set of folding biplane wings to facilitate storage It is unclear as to how the fuselage of the Sport may have differed from earshylier Longren monocoque construcshytion techniques if at all

However a 1925 Longren patent describes the use of diamond-shaped wood fibre shell (procured from the National Fibre Co) being covered with an additional two layers of wood laminations on either side The fushyselage was made in upper and lower halves using steam-pipe-heated conshycrete male and female molds clamped together using 6000 pounds of presshysure The sections were then trimmed and dried with special provision for humidity control before being joined

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 29

to a framework of grooved ash longeshyrons and formers The fuselage formshyers were made of three-ply materials engine-bearing formers were made of a seven-ply material The formers were in turn attached to the fuseshylage shells with screws Finally the fushyselage was varnished inside and out with Valspar varnish the exterior reshyceiving a coat of pigmented varnish before a final clear coat

Sold with both Lawrence Model Lshy2 three-cylinder Y-style and Anzani sixshycylinder radial engines the Longren Fibre Sport was flown in several notashyble Midwestern aviation events during the early 1920s During the American Legion Air Meet at Kansas City (Octoshyber 31 - November 3 1921) the Sport made 38 consecutive loops while being flown by ND Trinler Two Sports were also flown during a special efficiency race held at Omaha Nebraska on Noshyvember 11 An AK Sport again flown by Trinler placed second with a speed of 7791 mph when flown over a 153shymile triangular course Later that Noshyvember two AK Sports were placed at the disposal of the Kansas City Star to deliver newspapers from Kansas City to Lawrence Kansas in record time During a game between the Missouri Tigers and the Kansasjayhawks a teleshygraph wired a play-by-play account of the football game to the Stars office The newspapers were then promptly set printed and delivered via aircraft to the Lawrence street vendors beshyfore departing fans were even able to reach their homes

After establishing a climb record for Longren aircraft in 1922 the Longren Sport attracted the attention of customshyers from as far away as China and the Soviet Union In 1923 the US Navy became interested and on February 19 1924 Lt jB Kneip flew the accepshytance tests for the first of three Lonshygren AK Sports that were sold to the Navy (serial numbered A6745 through A6747) The first machine was shipped to Washington DC for testing at the Anacostia Naval Air Station while the other two were delivered to Pensacola However documentation of their subshysequent testing and use by the Navy remains elusive

30 JUNE 2007

Photos of Longren Sports and the later NL-13 show the distinctive Lonshygren company logo painted on the side of the fuselage and perhaps a few words need to be said about it This consisted of four capital ilLs joined at the top of each letter This formed a crux gammata or swastika although the direction the letters pointed was counter-clockshywise as opposed the symbols use on aircraft flown by Nazi Germany in which the bottom of the ilLs point in a clockwise direction Prior to its adoption by the Nazi Party this ancient symbol was seen as far afield at the Southwestshyern United States where it was a sacred symbol of Native Americans and in Inshydia and in Runic Europe During The Great War the Indian head emblem of Seaplane Pilots Association (SPA) 124 included a crux gammata as part of the headdress worn by the Native Amerishycan chief tan In its time and place it was considered as a symbol of good forshytune and was in no way considered to be an insult In fact after World War I Finland adopted a grayish-blue crux

gammata inscribed within a white circle as the national insignia for its aircraft In Longrens case the ilL was inscribed with a second ilL and the rest of the letters in Longrens surname In addishytion to that a circular logo and was placed at the center of the emblem to which a set of wings and a propeller reached out to a point near the tips of the ilLs So as it turns out the Lonshygren swastika was covered by what might roughly be considered a crux

immissa or crucifix Longren had no connections to fascist idealism The company logo which originated in the Midwest in the early 20s was simply a clever play on the primary letter in Longrens surname

No matter how good an aircraft the Longren Sport was the company could not survive on such limited orders and the last aircraft was sold in May of 1924 The remaining company assets patents and facilities were sold at an auction in March 1926 The Longren Sport was resurrected briefly in 1928 when the American Eagle Aircraft Corporation of Kansas City Missouri built a solitary aircraft as the Model A-429 However the aircraft was much different than the

original Longren Sport and the design was not pursued further Following the collapse of his company Longren was hired by Willis Brown to become viceshypresident of production at the Spartan Aircraft Co in Tulsa When Brown left in 1929 Longren also moved on to beshycome a design consultant at the Butshyler Manufacturing Co at Kansas City Butler had planned to manufacture the Butler Blackhawk biplane However the company was unable to do this and all manufacturing was halted in 1931 At this pOint Longren made a deal to build a new airplane -- the NL-13

Registered as X12538 and sporting the distinctive Longren fuselage logo the NL-13 (NL possibly standing for New Longren) fuselage was built usshying a new machine-forming method for heat-treated duralumin sheets The upper and lower fuselage halves of the 1932 NL-13 biplane were joined to T-shaped longerons and riveted toshygether Fuselage formers also made of liT cross-section were riveted to the halves creating a very strong duralushymin semi-monocoque fuselage Like the earlier Longren AK the NL-13 had twin side-by-side seating The powerplant of the aircraft was a Martin 333 of 120 hp With the exception of the wing spars the NL-13 was of all-metal construction the wings being fabric covered

The aircraft was first tested by George Gay in August of 1932 At that time Gay worked for the aeronautics branch of the Civil Aeronautics Administrashytion (CAA) The aircraft was found to be slightly tail-heavy This was cured by a slight stabilizer adjustment The engine also suffered from a slight overshyheating problem This was corrected by enlarging the cooling louvers and subshystituting the original propeller with anshyother type

The NL-13 had a span of 28 feet and a length of 22 feet Apparently the goal of the NL-13 was to obtain a military contract After further testing at Roosshyevelt Field Long Island New York the fuselage of the NL-13 was sold to the United States Army Air Corps and underwent stress evaluation at Wright Field Dayton OhiO in june 1933 After slight modification to some of the stiff-

continued on page 37

Flying to me is all about having fun Its grass strips and old

friends and old airplanes The folks at AUA understand my kind

of flying and my kind of airplanes They provide great service

at very good rates and they know me as an individual not just

a policy number

- Darrell Jenkins

Dan-ell Jenkins Heber Springs AR

bull Private pilot single-engine land and sea

bull 500 hours total shy300 in taildraggers

bull Current aircraft 1948 Ercoupe 415-E

AUA is Vintage Aircraft Association approved To become a member of VAA call 800middot843middot3612

AUAs Exclusive fAA Vintage AircraftJUsociation Insurance Program

Lower liability and hull premiums - Medical payments induded - Fleet discounts for multiple aircraft carrying all risk coverages

continued from page 3

EAA Seeks to Preserve Access to Repair Station Services

EAA cautions that proposed aircraft repair station certification regulations could harm many small general aviashytion shops and adversely affect airshycraft owners seeking to maintain the airworthiness of their aircraft

The FAA estimates the cost for deshyveloping and implementing a new quality system called for by the proshyposed regulations at $34500 per reshypair station Many small operations cannot afford such an expense and it could force some to close their doors

We fear that these requirements would ultimately result in diminshyished availability of qualified and experienced maintenance expertise especially for the vintage fleet said Earl Lawrence EAA vice president of industry and regulatory affairs Airshycraft owners could be forced to use maintenance facilities with less speshycialized experience on their aircraft type making it more difficult to comshyplete major repairs and changes to small aircraft potentially impacting safety as well

EAA also questions the feasibility of requiring repair stations to mainshytain an approved capability list for each make series and model of airshycraft its permitted to work on Many small operators often inspect and maintain virtually hundreds of airshycraft types creating an administrashytive nightmare

EAA is willing to discuss how the FAA could best address its quality concerns while ensuring the ownshyers of small aircraft continue to have ready access to repair station services One suggestion EAA proposed is to exempt or lessen requirements for smaller shops with fewer than a given number of employees

EAAs full comments can be found at wwwEAAorgcommunications eaanewsRepa ir_Station_NPRM_Draftpdf The notice of proposed rulemaking is at httpDMSESDOTgovdocimages pdf99431749_webpdf 32 JUNE 2007

Young Eagle 13 Million Hails From New Mexico

Arlene Martinez in the right seat with volunteer Young Eagles pilot Paul Rachels

The EAA Young Eagles program the worlds most successful youth aviation initiative ever has registered the 13-millionth Young Eagle flown She is Arlene Martinez age 12 of Yuma Arizona who took her flight on March 17 at Somerton Airport (54AZ) in a Cessna 170 piloted by Paul Rachels EAA 633950 Rachels is president and Young Eagles coordinator for Yuma EAA Chapter 590

Arlene was very enthusiastic said Rachels who has flown 123 Young Eagles She definitely enjoyed the flight and would like to do it again He always gets a kick out of how kids react to their special flights Its as incredible an experience

for me as it is for them and I have 700 hours of flight time Steve Buss EAA Young Eagles executive director called it another important

milestone for the program which this year marks its 15th anniversary year-the birthday will be marked at AirVenture this year Its wonderful to recognize Paul and Arlenes flight but we also applaud the outstanding continuing support and enthusiasm for Young Eagles by our members We extend our congratulations to all who have helped the program reach this unprecedented level of participation

Nominations Due June 15 for EAA Young Eagles Awards Each year EAA honors several special volunteers at EAA AirVenture with the

annual Young Eagles awards and theres still time to nominate a deserving pershyson for 2007

Nominations for the following awards are being accepted through June 15

bull Chapter Coordinator bull Field Representative bull Ground Support Volunteer bull Young Eagles Humanitarian (presented for efforts to reach special needs

Young Eagles) bull Young Eagles Horizon Award (recognizing efforts to go beyond the basic

Young Eagles flight) Awards will be presented at a special ceremony held at EAA AirVenture Museshy

ums Eagle Hangar on Wednesday July 25 To download the official nomination form visit wwwYoungEaglesorgvolunteersaward_nominationpdf

BY BUCK HILBERT

The very beginning of airworthiness certificates pilot certificates

For many years Ive talked and writshy barnstormers and promote some ten about the beginnings of the Aero order and safety to their flying It had Club of America (ACA) now known one other side effect No record atshyas the National Aeronautic Associashy tempt or air show (or air meet as they tion (NAA) Ive explained how this were called back then) could be staged pioneer era appointed Orville Wright without the approval of the Aero as the chairman of the Contest amp Reshy Club which was affiliated with the cords Board and how a pilot registrashy international governing body the Feshytion program came into being deration Aeronautique Internationale

The World War I pilots returning (FAI) The contestant was required to home were barnstorming and othershy be a member of the Aero Club which wise doing their best to make a living then issued a certification to the pishyin aviation That led to attempts to lot Hence the FAlSporting License register and somehow civilize these old-timers would show was signed by

Certifying Aircraft and Pilots

AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATE IauecI to VIlICElll ASTOR Arw 23 W 26th Sl BYCit shy

m~ts CnltiUs that the Aircraft described below has been Inspected and found AiruIo~ for daylight llyin on AJIlI 0VEIl WUER OKLY

For the Fl)1nA Season of 1922 ~- ~-=l1=~== Cmlampato NJiI~_ _ -- UND ElV1UTEIS~OIlIS Iae

o o-_pmiIyenr3~J__I922 III _ - ~ t

_ _ Mri N=A1fefJ~mATE WAmR AmClWr _ _______ 1 - PQRIlrASRDWTCJN l T bull Y

N_- 01 AlOft to 5 M- 1-1 AJkwL c 9on MuwLOEBDIG AERO ElIGR C~IIoTNo 23-t SodoIH9~iF--__ 0- 30 pr 3 I~ _ 42 PT 6 U __ n 8 Pr _ 2700 4100 II UMIwI 1400 shy_ 130 M _Cd 20000 hlln_H_ 2S_ _ T LIBRRrY I I OBE __ US 32230 __ Do 5 000 - JfAJlJODS JULY 7 1922

Orville Wright It was a requirement of the federal government No federal requirement for a pilots certificate would come into being until the Air Commerce Act gave that authority and responsibility to the Department of Commerce on May 20 1926

In all of the information Ive read on the early days of the ACA later the NAA there was never any menshytion of aircraft standards or airworshythiness certificates I never quesshytioned it and as a matter of fact I never gave it a thought

Then along comes friend and Vinshytage member Mitch Wohl from Barrington Illinois and he drops two books on my desk The first one I picked up was titled A Symbol of Safety This book was first published in 1923 and tells all about the foundshying of the Underwriters Laboratories (UL) Reprinted in 1995 it goes into great detail as to the history of UL I found it very interesting

The second book published on the 100th anniversary of Underwritshyers Laboratories in 1994 amplifies a bit of the material that was pub-

This airworthiness certificate was issued by an Underwriters Laborashytories inspector Maj J W Jones who deemed the Loening Air Yacht of Vincent Astor to be in airworthy condishytion It is restricted to dayligbt flying and over water only Heres a photo of its sister ship from the 1922 Airshycraft Yearbook

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 3 3

Loening monoplane Flying Yacht 100 hp Liberty engine which made a world record for aHitude with three passengers and pilot 19500 feet

lished in the 1923 book Its entire theme is Making the World Safe for Technology What a revelation both regarding the organization s history in general and its involveshyment in aviation

The real beginnings were at the 1893 Worlds Fair at the Great White City in Chicago The Electricity Building had frequent visits by the fire brigade in response to the new alshyternating current electricity displays catching fire and causing problems It was then that William Henry Merrill began his testing lab which proved

electricity could be a servant rather than a master

Our only function is to serve not to profit We are doing someshything for manufacturers buyers and property owners everywhere We are doing things for humanity was a direct quote from Merrill This was the beginning of the lab The lab was funded by corporations that wanted their products tested as well as by the insurance underwriters themselves

From 1893 through 1905 the budshyget expanded from a mere $3000 to more than $300000 During that

The book goes into

great detail

as to physical

standards for

airmen There were

all sorts of tests

for altitude tolerance

fatigue and eyesight

and their standards

specify annual physicals

rAiLW~eeL5

srlINSON 15 JOCII~Y

34 JUNE 2007

time more than 7500 reports were published the lab moved to larger quarters it was chartered in Illinois and the landmark inspection and label service was established Within two years UL inspectors were at work in 67 citshyies UL got into everything electrical fire prevention fire extinguishers automobiles oil and gasses and transportashytion as well Thats where we come in airplanes

When the first commercial airplane takes off here in the USA in the 20s UL registers airplanes certifies pilots and issues the now rather quaint-sounding Rules of the Air

Im getting ahead of the full story but in a nutshell the National Aircraft Underwriters Association proposed and requested UL become the custodian of the official register of all aircraft pilots (other than government pilots) and take full charge of all details connected therewith

UL undertook this branch of the work on July I 1921 The book goes into great detail as to physical stanshy

dards for airmen There were all sorts of tests for altitude tolerance fatigue and eyesight and their standards specify annual physicals

No wonder the early birds were considered supermen The next step was to create a register of commercial and private aircraft On May I 1922 UL began a nationwide inspection service in order to make it possible to issue cershytificates of airworthiness for individual aircraft The details of the inspections and the people employed to conduct them is an early Whos Who in aviation The inspections were very stringent and as demanding for the aircraft as they were for the pilots

And that dear friends is the story of the first airworshythiness certificates They were all issued long before the Department of Commerce became involved and of course long before the creation of the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) and the Federal Aviation Administration

Little by little the freedoms of flight have been whittled down and the myriad of Federal Aviation Regulations we live with came about but here fellow pilots and aircraft owners was the very beginning and it was the insurance people who started it all I(

Over to you (( ~((~

~ Call to order your copies today

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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 35

BY HG FRAUTSCHY

THIS MONTHS MYSTERY PLANE PHOTO IS A BIT OF A MULLIGAN FOR THOSE OF YOU

WHO HAVE ENJOYED L1GHTPLANES FOR A NUMBER OF YEARS STILL NOT MUCH IS PUBLISHED ABOUT THIS RATHER ATTRACTIVE AMPHIBIAN

Send your answer to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box You can also send your response via e-mail Send 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Your answer needs your answer to mysteryplaneeaaorg Be sure to include to be in no later than July 15 for inclusion in the your name city and state in the body of your note and September 2007 issue of Vintage Airplane put I(Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line

MARCH S MYSTERY ANSWER

36 J UN E 2007

nology olph Dope

Heres a little about the March Mystery Plane

The subject Mystery Plane apshypears to be the Longren NL-13 sin 2 X12538 built in 1932 by Albin K Longren (1882-1950) in Kansas City Missouri Longren had been a design consultant for Butler Manushyfacturing Co during the certificashytion of the Butler Blackhawk and built the NL-13 in the Butler facility with help from Butler employees Butler had ceased production by that time in the depths of the Great Depression The NL-13 had an allshy

wing spars and the fabric wing covshyering The engine was a 120-hp Marshytin 333 inve rted inline with four cylinders The X12538 was the only NL-13 built and was not successful in reaching production although it was an ea rly example of formed alushyminum aircraft structures

My information comes from Aeroshyfilescom and from Chuck (Charles E) Lebrechts fine article entitled AK Longren - Pioneer Airman of the West published in American Aviation Historishycal Society Journal Vol26 No4 Winshyter 1981 pp258-270 Lebrechts article gives a great vjew of Longrens career as an aircraft designer and manufacturer

Jack Erickson State College Pennsylvania Other correct answers were reshy

ceived from WaIt House Wichshyita Kansas George Otto Snook Monroe Michigan John Miller Wamego Kansas Cam Bla ze r Leawood Kansas An extensive arshyticle on the airplane and AK Lonshygren written by Wesley Smith is also included in this issue of Vinshytage Airplane

metal airframe except for wooden 1---------------------------------shy

eners and bulkheads the NL-13 fuselage had a safety factor able to absorb 1683g

ahead of the center of gravity (CG) and 11g aft of the CG

This made the fuselage of the NL-13 considerably stronger than that of the Stearman YBT-3 Boeing P-26A Conshysolidated P-30 and Boeing P-12B with which it was compared the YBT-3 having a maximum g-Ioading potential of 109

both fore and aft of the CG While the reshyport recommended the possible adoption of Longrens construction techniques orshyders for the NL-13 were not forthcoming and no further examples were built

With the demise of Butler Longren went to work for himself using a porshytion of the former Butler factory at the Kansas City Municipal Airport In 1933-34 Longren did the initial metal work on the Luscombe Phantom and developed metal-working techniques with his partner Ivan Driggs Plans for opening another aircraft factory were put on hold when Cessn a reopened their Wichita Kansas facility in 1934 for production of the Cessna C-34 Cessna hired Longren as vjce-president a posishy

tion that he held until 1939 when he moved to Torrance California to open the Longren Aircraft Company

While Longren built no further airshycraft he became a successful subconshytractor of prefabricated components for other aircraft manufacturers After the end of World War II Longren sold his company and retired to a 3OOO-acre ranch at Adin Ca lifornia where he passed away due to a heart condition on Nov 19 1950 at age 68

The defini tive Longren article was written by Mr Charles E Lebrecht and was published in the Winter 1981 edishytion of the American Aviation Historical Society Journal (Volume 26 Number 4 pages 258-270) I am indebted to Mr Lebrechts excellent research for the inshyformation in this piece Further informashytion on AK Longren can be found in the pages of Aviation Quarterly (Mace Kenshyneth D Pioneer Airmen ofKansas Volshyume 5 Number 2 Second Quarter 1979 pages 152-163) Mr Maces article is also quite well-written and contains severshyal beautiful photos of Longrens aircraft as well as the 1908 Call Mayfly

VINTAGE A I RPLANE 37

The fo llowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter of information only and does not constishytute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed To submit an event send the information via mail to Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Or e-mail the information to vintageaircrafteaaorg Information should be received four months prior to the event date

JUNE S-IO-Union IL-Poplar Grove Airport Army Wings and Wheels Info Vintage Wings amp Wheels Museum 815-547middot3115 Tom Murray hiwheelsbcglobalnet

JUNE 14-17-St Louis MO-Dauster Flying Field Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) American Waco Club Flymiddotln Info Phil Coulson 269shy624-6490 or rcoulson516cscom www americanwacoclubcom

JUNE 20-2l--Lock Haven PA-William T Piper Memorial Airport (LHV) Sentimental Journey Fly-In Family oriented fly-in featuring antique and classic aircraft of all makes and models especially PIPERS Seminars vendors food camping and entertainment daily Come for the day or the week Call 570-893-4200 or 748shy5123 for more information j3cubkcnet org wwwsentimentaljourneyfly-incom

JUNE 21-24-Mt Vernon Ohio-Wynkoop Airport (6G4) 48th Annual National Waco Club Reunion Check www nationalwacoclubcom for more information and contact information Or email call Andy Heins 937 313 5931 wacoasoaolcom

JUNE 22-24-Gardner KA-Gardner Municipal Airport (K34) Greater KC VAA Chapter 16 Fly-in Contact Kevin Pratt 816-985-3248

JUNE 23-Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

JUNE 30-Chetek WI-The Chetek WI (Y23) 9AM car show craft fair and show a professional horse pull and a water ski show Plenty of food and drink available throughout the day For more info contact Chuck Harrison 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet or Tim Knutson 715-237shy2477 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

JUNE 31-Russellville KY- Russellville-Logan County Airport (4M7) 9th Annual All You Can Eat BarBQ Lunch 1100am - 200pm Rain Date July 5th Aircraft displays skydiving door prizes Everyone welcome For more information eaal165yahoo com wwwangelfirecom ky3 eaal165 Joe Lawrence 270-726-1558

JULY 4-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-llam For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

JULY 6-8--All iance Oh (2Dl)-Taylorcraft and Ohio Aeronca Aviators Fly-In See the airplanes built in Alliance OH amp Middletown

38 JU N E 2007

OH and the people that built them Camping motels food all day fbarberalliancelinkcom 330823-1168 bwmatzllacyahoocom 216 337-5643 httpwwwoaafy-incom see wwwbarberaircraftcom for airport diagrams Breakfast served Sat amp Sun 7AM to 11AM by EM Chapter 82

JULY 14-Zanesville OH-Parr Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

AUGUST 5-Queen City MO-Applegate Airport (15MO) 20th Annual Watermelon Fly-In amp BBQ 2pm til dark Come and see grass roots aviation at its best Info 660-766-2644

AUGUST S-Chetek WI-Southworth Municipal airport (Y23) BBQ Fly-In 1030am Warbird displays antique and unique airplanes antique amp collector car displays and raffles for airplane rides Procedes will be given to local charities Info Chuck Harrison - Office 715-924shy4501 Cell 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet Tim Knutson - Home 715-237-2477 Cell 651-308-2839 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

AUGUST 17-19--McMinnville OR-25th Annual West Coast Travel Air Reunion Come Celebrate the Rebirth of the Travel Air Expected to be the largest gathering of Vintage Travel Airs in recent times Held in conjunction with the Northwest Antique Airplane Club Event Info Bruce McElhoe 559-638-3746

AUGUST 18--Forest Lake MN-(25D)-Airport Fly-in and Open House lOam - 4pm 24shyhour gas and 24-hour grass 3000-foot 31 13 Forest Lake Lions serve brats corn-ltgtn-the-cob and ice cream 100LL is available John Schmidt EM 250021 St Paul Minnesota 651 776 1717

AUGUST IS-I9-Long Island NY- Bayport (23N) Annual Antique Aeroplane Fly-In Old time movies popcorn pig roast flour bomb drop and spot landing contest with the days ending in the in famous Sheep Shagger Baa For more info wwwAACGNY org or email Stuart Bain at Sbain emediaofny com

AUGUST 19-Brookfield WI-Capitol Airport (02C) Ice Cream Social and vintage Aircraft Display VAA Chapter 11 Dean London 262-442-4622

AUGUST 2S-Niles MI-Jerry Tyler Memorial Airport (3TR) VAA Chapter 35 Annual Corn amp Sausage Roast Lunch served 1100am

to 300 pm Rain date on Sunday August 26th Donations of $500 for adults and $300 for children under 12 Contact Len Jansen tripacerlenyahoocom

SEPTEMBER I -Marion IN-Marion Municipal Airport (MZZ) 17th Annual Fly-In Cruise-In 700am until 200pm This annual event features antique classic homebuilt ultralight and warbird aircraft as well as vintage cars trucks motorcycles and tractors An all-you-can-eat Pancake Breakfast is served with all proceeds going to the local Marion High School Marching Band wwwFlylnCruiselncomlnfo Ray Johnson (765) 664-2588 or rjohnson indyrrcom

SEPTEMBER I -Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $2 50 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer Phone (740) 454-7487

SEPTEMBER 2-Mondovi WI-21st Annual Log Cabin Airport Fly-In Doug Ward Owner Operator 715-287-4205 Lunch noon

SEPTEMBER 8-Newark Ohio-NewarkshyHeath Airport (VTA) Annual Fly-In DriveshyIn Breakfast Pancakes and More Young Eagles Flights Vintage Airplanes Classic Cars Tom McFadden 740-587shy2312 email EAA402adelphianet

SEPTEMBER 9-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-12pm For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

SEPTEMBER 21-22- Bartlesville OK-Frank Phillips Field (BVO) 51st Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-In Antiques Classics Light Sport Warbirds Forum Type Clubs Info Charlie Harris 918-622shy8400 wwwtulsafyincom

OCTOBER 5-7-Camden SC-Kershaw County Airport (KCDN) VAA Chapter 3 Fall Fly-In All classes welcome BBQ on field Fri Evening EAA judging all classes Sat Banquet Sat Nite Info Jim Wilson 843-753-7138 or eiwilson homexpresswaynet

OCTOBER 5-7-St Louis MO-Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) The Monocoupe Club Fly-In amp Reunion wwwmonocoupecom

OCTOBER IO-I4-Tuliahoma TN- Beech Birthday Party 2007 Staggerwing Twin Beech 18 Bonanza Baron Beech ownersamp enthusiasts Info 931shy455-1974

Your One STOP Quality Shop Hook up air hose from your compressor Add Glass Beads or otherabrasiveAim powergun 1-888-388-8803 (included) at part and remove 1-780-447-5955 rust paint and scale

Exhaust Systems FAST WORKS GREAT Abrasive recycles 22d 34w Carb Air Boxes 2012h work area22 ga steel14 Structural Assemblies ga steel legs Requires 7 Clamps amp Hardware cfm 80 psi amp shop Round Engine Exhausts

Engine Mounts Fuel Cells Heaters

All Make amp Models wwwacomweldlngcom

2007 MAJOR FLy-INS

For details on EM Chapter flymiddotins and other local avimiddot ation events visit wwweaaorgjevents

Golden West EAA Regional Ay-In

Yuba County Airport (MYV) Marysville CA

June 29middotJuly 1 2007 wwwGodenWestRynorg

Rocky Mountain EAA Regional AyJn Front Range Airport (FTG) Watkins CO

June 23-24 2007 wwwRMRRorg

Arlington EAA Ay-In

Arlington Municipal Airport (AWO) Arlington WA July 11-15 2007

wwwNWEAAorg

EAA AlrVenture Oshkosh

Something to buy sell or trade Classified Word Ads $550 per 10 words 180 words maximum with boldface

lead-in on first line

Classified Display Ads One column wide (2167 inches) by 1 2 or 3 inches

high at $20 per inch Black and white only and no frequency discounts

Advertising Closing Dates 10th of second month prior to desired issue date

(ie January 10 is the closing date for the March issue) VAA reserves the right

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Page 22: PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATIONmembers.eaavintage.org/wp...Vol-35-No-6-June-2007.pdf · PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION . ... Flightline Safety Committee and their

mimic the factory scheme but arent exact I should also mention that I had some help with the fabric from Larry and Phyllis Dalton who helped cover the airplane This was my first time and they made it easy

Since Danny had no engine he was starting from scratch in that area The original was a C8S-8 but with his papaerwork he found a Supplemental Type Certificate (STC) that opened interesting new avenues

There was part of an STC in our paperwork that would let me install a -12 engine and that would allow me to have an electric starter which I reshyally wanted The problem was that the STC wasnt complete Plus the -8 mount is

than the shy12 so its not

a plug-andshyplay

change and I

expected some problems

getting the papershywork straightened out

I called the Atshylanta Flight Stanshydards District Office and really

lucked out The Coshylumbia Federal Aviashy

tion Agency (FAA) field examiner came out looked the airplane over and said hed be happy to clean up the paperwork and submit it to Atlanta for me What I thought was going to be a problem turned out to be quite easy

Unfortunately Danny found out that things dont always go easy when restoring an airplane and his headaches came in the form of his first engine

I had two sons

Dale and lD

and a wonderful

wife and 1 didnt

want to lose all of

that just because

1 was overweight

So 1 started

looking for an

airplane to rebuild

as a way to keep

myself busy

I bought a C8S-12 that had been overhauled I had flown it for about 22 hours when one cylinder lost a lot of compression so we pulled the jug When we got inside we found that the rod was just banging around in there and was loose on the crank When we split the case we found the crank was badly scored and a lot of metal had gone through the engine so I had to find another one

The second engine was freshly overhauled by an FAA-certified shop

in 2000 after a prop strike The guy I bought it from was building a homebuilt and

was afraid that the engine was going to sit too long before his

project was completed so he sold it Everything checked out to be perfect and it has been humming along with no problems since day one

We flew the airplane for the first time July I 2006 and I had a local pilot Gary Dalton do the test hop I dont mind telling you that I was nershyvous watching it When I flew it for the first time I had only 10 hours of tailshywheel time Id logged while getting my tail wheel endorsement I was a little nervous then too but everything went beautifully When we flew it it was alshymost exactly three years to the day that we unloaded it from the trailer

When I started I guess I became a little compulsive about working on it Id eat in the hangar work until 10 or 11 every night and sometimes Id wake up in the middle of the night and go out and work on it When Id get home from church on Sunday Id change clothes and go out and get something done Im glad I did it that way because it really helped me with the other problem

In the process of restoring his Chief Danny met several goals The first was finishing and flying his own Chief but the second and more imshyportant was taking control of his life From the time he started the Chief to the time he flew it he lost 230 pounds and added no telling how many years to his life Most people have difficulty committing to just finishing an airshyplane so Danny is to be congratushylated for two jobs well done ~

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 21

~The Bmiddot thof

Creating a classic design BY CHESTER L PEEK PHD

Could you in three months time design and build a new light plane without tools or factory and with very little money Impossible you say But that is just what eG Tayshylor did in the spring of 1936 when he introduced the legendary Taylorshycraft to the aviation world Heres the story

In the last week of December 1935 eG Taylor was confined to his bed ill and completely discourshy

aged Days before he and Bill Piper Hangar at Butler Pennsylvania 1936 Still in use today had signed a legal document that dissolved their troubled partnership For Taylors share of the Taylor Cub company (which was in debt more than $90000) he received approximately $5000 to be paid out in small installments over three years

Byron Shinn knew Taylor well both as a customer and friend In a 1991 letter he describes Taylors situashytion and subsequent events

Back in the 1930s we had a small manufacturing comshypany located in one of the hangars on the Butler Pennsylvashynia airport called The Shinn Devices Company We made aluminum wheels for aircraft 4 bead diameter 700X4 tire and at that time sold them to most of the light aircraft manshyufacturers including the Taylor and Piper organization in Bradford Pennsylvania We had a quite complete machine shop and engineering design business I remember how Taylorcraft got started One very cold winter day probably in December 1935 I drove up to see Taylor in Bradford The roads were terrible ice coated and I almost had several acshycidents When I got there I found Taylor sick in bed and in a very discouraged frame of mind He had just been kicked out of his company by Piper and had little or no money or employment I told him with his abilities as an aircraft deshysigner and builder that he should certainly try to get back in the business and offered to help if I could

I went back to Butler and contacted D Bar Peat who was a promoter a very nice fellow who was running the Butler

Ken SchoHer about 1980 airport I asked if he could raise some money to start Tayshy22 JUNE 2007

TAYLORCRAFT BY C 6 TAYLOR PlmBUR6H-BUTLER AIRPORT BunER PA

STABLE FAST A NEW LIGHT PLANE ECONOMICAL LOWPRICED

First Taylorcraft ad February 1936 Aero Digest

First Taylorcraft specifications Photo is of a model

during the

Depression

you NEVER

left a job

Yet these men

deeply loyal

to Taylor

came with him

to this chancy

new venture Byron Shinn about 1936

TAYLORCRAFT Model A

ATe pendingB_ Span 36 (11 m) Length 22 (67 m) Heicht 6 8 (21 m) Wm area 169 fLgt (156 ml) Power Ioodiaa 2IS IbsJhp (118 kcJho) WioJ Ioadma 58 1bbullJIt (293 kcl) Weicht empty 570 Ibs (259 kg) U falload 420 Ibs (190 kc) Payload 181 lbo (82 kcl Gr weiht m lbo (449kcr Bant I Ibs (5 kg) Fuel 10 gals

~L~~L11t1iLk hp

~~~gtam~~hm~~49 kph) l~ mph (51h ) Semlte laquoiliaC 101000 ft (4260 m) imb per min 400 It (122 tn) Cruig rang 210 mi (371 1aD) ~ F welded eel tubg four JODIeIODS of proareqjve diameters wood faired and fabric conrcd removable maine mouat j streued fot SO hp installamiddot tion Wg two paDdJ bolted to fuselafefabric _ ~ oectioo With eJlipticalJy rOUDded tips JOlid apruce JPlrs

Zplace ATC

metal ribs fabricated from drawn NicraJ secshytions sinclc drag wire bracinc built-up metal frame ailerons fabric COYered and of the balanced type with DO exposed horns

=r~~brTc ~~ai~~~wd~ removable fin elentor and stabiliurs inshyterlthanaeable right or IefL Landing rear =evbsor~ closed~~~es color ocJlulosc finish with trim Two-place flex-wine seat 39 inches ide--by-lide cabin fabric lined and fire-wall sound proofed all control cables and fittinp in the cabin are fully enclosed Baggag compartment 6- X 9- X w- back of seaL

~~6oo-~~bS~ wbeds DuPont Pluticell 1rindJhield rulr her mounted illltrument pampDe1 ~ Aeromarinc altimeter U S 011

~~itfra~~ pass or other instnunmts extra

Carlson and Harold White who were engineers Ken Tibbits and Les Salshychow Parks College graduates along with mechanics Colby Carpenter and William Crawford All these men had good secure jobs with Piper and durshying the Depression you NEVER left a job Yet these men deeply loyal to Taylor came with him to this chancy new venture All would eventually rise to responsible executive posishytions with Taylorcraft

Ken Scholter a local mechanic was hired as a welder Contemposhyrary reports credit him with most of the welding on the new plane Forshytunately he was also an amateur photographer and documented the building process on film He furshynished most of the photos shown in this article

Shinn resumes I When Taylor came to Butler he had very little money we all had very little money at that time I believe he got a small settlement from Piper for his share of the Cub company This was in the depths of the Depresshysion We doled the money out a few dolshylars at a time and started to build the first plane We used our machine shop to make the draw bench to make the rib parts and to make most of the parts jigs and dies that required machining

An engineering department was set up I hired a draftsman when Ray Carlshyson moved down from Bradford Tayshylor and the mechanics would make the parts and then the draftsman would

lor up again in the airplane business He along with Col make the drawings We designed a new wheel for the plane Breckenridge and some others did raise a little money about lightweight and very strong being constructed of an alumishy$1000 as I recall enough to include the building of the jigs num stamping fastened to a cast aluminum end rim Tayshyand fixtures and the first plane We moved Taylor and his lor and I also developed the new tapered axle which was family to Butler rented him a house and started work in a lighter and less costly A new Goodrich tire size 600 x 6 vacant hangar on the Butler airport SeveraL of Taylors men was used from Bradford came with him II The plane was designed and built during the first four

Actually six key Bradford employees left Piper and to five months of 1936 This must have been some sort of joined Taylor in the new enterprise They were Ray record When the plane was finished the test pilot Tibbits

VINTA GE A IR PLANE 23

One day we came to work

to find trucks backed up

to the hangar and Taylor

hauling away all the

Taylorcraft parts Batch of Shinn 800 x 4 wheelsjigs and fixtures

started the test flights First he taxied the plane up and down the runway then flew it the length of the runway just off the ground then made flights a bit higher and finally made circuits The plane flew very well but would not stall The CAA required proper recovery from a stall so Taylor worked on the horizontal tail surfaces so that a stall could be induced and the plane passed the CAA tests

Taylor was a design genius The CAA had just released a new-design wing curve and Taylor was the first I

ffi believe to use it The wing curve was ~ ~ faster and had a soft stall ~ This was the NACA 23012 airfoil z ~ Taylor once told the author that in

Fuselage structure 1935 he built a set of wings for the Cub using that airfoil but Piper veshytoed the change They were hanging on a wall when the Bradford factory burned in 1937

Shinn says I started an advertising campaign beginning with a very small ad in Aero Digest saying IISomething new is coming in Aviation The next ads told a little more People were very enthusiastic about the new plane It was much advanced over the Cub beshying faster with side-by-side seating and wheel controls Before long we had reshyceived down payments from over 50 customers $200 each as I recall This

ffi was due to correspondence with old ~ ~ Taylor Cub dealers and the Aero Dishy~ z gest ad In a 1992 interview Bob UJ

Taylor eGs son confirmed thisWing details He remembered his father waking

24 JUNE 2007

First A-40 run-up May 1936

him up one night in Butler and showing him $10000 in down payments

The first ad appeared in the February issue of Aero Digest and is shown on this page A later ad showed a photo of the plane but since no plane had been comshypleted at that time it was actually a snapshot of a model CG Taylor built on his kitchen table First the new trademark Taylorcraft was used but when Beechcraft threatened legal action claiming Taylorcraft sounded too much like Beechcraft the ads were changed to read Airplanes by GG Taylor However they resumed us-

CG Taylor and a Model ATaylorcraft 1936

ing the Taylorcraft name after sevshyeral months

Shinn continues D Bar Peat was always trying to promote the plane On Sundays they would put on an air show at the Butler airport and 200 to 300 people would atshytend Som e way he got the Taylorshycraft to lead the way when all the planes taxied by the grandstand at the Cleveland Air Races

Meanwhile in the hangar facshytory the prototype plane was beshying rushed to completion but not fast enough to suit Taylor He

once told the author I was away ~ from the plant for three days havshyo ~ ing given instructions to complete sect the engine mount When I returned

it was not done I hung the engine in the right place with a chain hoist we

cut the tubing to (it and it was done in an hour On May 1 the Continental A-40 engine SIN 635

was run up for the first time then on May 8 Taylor signed an application for an experimental certificate Only eight days later on Saturday May 16 CAA inshyspector RA Young witnessed the test flight and issued certificate X-16393 to the first Taylorcraft SIN 25 Apshyproximately three months had elapsed from the time construction was started until the new plane was airshyborne A remarkable achievement

It was a beautiful plane sleek and streamlined a far VINTAGE AIRPLANE 25

Test flight of the first Taylorcraft May 1936

1 rryen~~A1~~~ )~ ~- shyITS A - -=- (=- = --- I FAF

BEAUTY 51495middot00-----shy~GRACEFULLY CONTINENTAL

STREAMLINED - - _ MOTOR

C G TAYL O R bull PlttsburqhmiddotBuUer Airport bull Bu tler Penna

April 1936 ad in Aero Digest

cry from Taylors boxy square-cornered E-2 Cub With side-by-side seating and wheel controls it rivaled much larger more expensive planes such as the Waco and Stinson Weight had been kept to a minimum the proshytotype weighed only 570 pounds It was much faster than the Cub The first prospective customers who flew the plane verified the advertised cruising speed of 80 mph In a race with two locals an Aeronca C-3 and a Kinner Fleet the Taylorcraft won easily

The investors at Butler were elated With nearly 100 orders and down payments received for their new plane they envisioned a rapid production buildup and the prospects of a thriving profitable enterprise Their faith however had been misplaced

Shinn continues But unknown to D Bar Peat and me Taylor had been talking to others about financing and a place to manufacture the plane One day we came to work to find trucks backed up to the hangar and Taylor haulshying away all the Taylorcraft parts jigs and fixtures They moved to Alliance Ohio where they got one years free rent on a large old airplane factory financing and tax breaks D Bar Peat and I retained a lawyer to try to get back our inshyvestment eventually getting back some shares ofTaylorcraft 26 JUNE 2007

stock instead of money And Piper quit buying my wheels and switched to Hayes

Happily Taylor and Shinn soon put their legal difshyferences behind them and remained good friends and business associates for many years

Shinn was not alone in his disappointment when the unexpected move came Scholter was out of a job In 1992 he made this comment They left Butler owing me almost a months pay which I never got But they did give me a very nice letter of recommendation

The Alliance Review newspaper proudly announced the arrival of the new aircraft enterprise in its July 9 1936 edition But that is a story for another day

Authors note When researching my book The Taylorcraft Story in

1992 I was privileged to personally interview four prishymary information sources regarding the Butler Pennshysylvania events eG Taylor Bob Taylor Ken Scholter and Byron Shinn The history above was taken from those interviews and contemporary newspaper articles

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EXTRA The Butler Manufacturing Co NL-I3 biplane

The March 2007 Mystery Plane is the 1932 Butler Manufacturing Co NL-13 biplane designed by Albin Kasper Longren (sometimes simply reshyferred to as the Longren NL-13)

AK Longren had a very long and interesting aviation career Born in a log cabin near Clay Center Kansas in 1882 he was the one of 14 children born to Swedish immigrant homeshystead farmers Charles and Emma Lonshygren In 1901 he took a business course from the International Corresponshydence School (ICS) which he followed up with an ICS diploma in mechanical engineering from 1907-1911

Longrens interest in aviation beshygan with his observations of Henry L Call in 1908 Call originally a New York lawyer author and socialist had moved to Girard Kansas in February of 1908 in order to construct a large and ungainly flying machine powered by two 20-hp Curtiss B-4 engines Known as the Mayfly and The Chicken (among other colorful names) the airshycraft failed to fly despite modification Call enjoyed the support of the nashytional socialist newspaper An Appeal to Reason and constructed several aircraft under the aegis of The Aerial Navigashytion Company of America starting in 1908 before the company changed its name

Beginning in 1911 Call manushyfactured two-cylinder and fourshycylinder horizontally opposed air-cooled engines which h e marshyketed to would-be aviators through

28 JUNE 2007

BY WESLEY SMITH

advertisements (primarily in Aircraft and Fly magazines published by Alshyfred W Lawson of 1920 Lawson Airshyliner fame) The two-cylinder Call was rated at 45 hp and the four-cylshyinder engine was rated at 90 hp Call engines were among the first aircraft engine to be fitted with mufflers an individual muffler being attached to the exhaust port of each cylinder

With his brother EJ Longren and a mechanic named William Janeke Longren constructed a Curtiss-type pusher biplane in Topeka Kansas Beshygun in the summer of 1910 the Toshypeka I was not completed until the fall of 1911 Fitted with a 60-hp Hall-Scott A-2 a water-cooled V-8 the Topeka I became the first successful aircraft to be completed in the state of Kansas Longren made his first flight on Sepshytember 2 and on September 5 1911 he made two flights the first flight reaching about 225 feet in altitude and covering 15 miles and the secshyond reaching about 300 feet and covshyering six miles

Of course Longren was only one of numerous individuals who built Curtiss-type pushers Plans for early Herring-Curtiss machines were pubshylished in Aeronautics and other aviashytion periodicals as well as in books With some individual alterations many such aircraft were built in the United States prior to Americas entry into World War 1

At any rate Longren soon went into the exhibition business with

H Young renaming the Topeka I as the Dixie Flyer The words Dixie Flyer - AK Longren - Aviator were painted on the underside of the Topeka IDishyxie Flyers monoplane canard Between 1911 and 1914 Longren gave 1372 exhibition flights in Kansas Texas Oklahoma Nebraska and Colorado for the Young Aviation Co

In 1912 Longren built a second Curshytiss-type with a Hall-Scott A-2 This airshycraft incorporated the improvements Curtiss had made to his newer aircraft during 1911-1912 and in due course the mid-gap ailerons were moved to the trailing edges of the upper wing This aircraft was sold to Longrens forshymer student and friend Phil Billard who used it to give exhibition flights This aircraft sometimes known as the Topeka II was presented to the Kansas State Historical Society in 1938 where it still exists as a display

In the spring of 1914 Longren took time to marry Ms Dolly Trent Later that winter (1914-1915) Longren built his first entirely original aircraft design - a two-place tractor biplane again seshylecting the reliable Hall-Scott as the powerplant During an exhibition at the Dickson County Fair at Abilene on September 9 1915 the aircraft stalled on takeoff and was destroyed hitting an automobile that was leaving the fairshygrounds Longrens passenger was relashytively unscathed but Longren suffered a broken leg and several internal injuries

While recovering from his injushyries in early 1916 Longren with Phil

Billard began the construction of his fourth aircraft the Model G The Model G was a clean two-place tractor biplane with a strong resemblance to a Curtiss IN-4 In fact it was powered by a Curtiss OX-2 and was intended for sale to the warring European powers However only two were sold one to the Kansas National Guard the other being used for exhibition flights

Late in the year Longren built a small tractor biplane sometimes reshyferred to as the Longren Bus The conshystruction featured a three-ply wooden monocoque fuselage and was built for William Burt of Okmulgee Oklahoma A second machine was constructed for Lester Miller of Dallas Texas who inshytended to use the aircraft for aerobatic exhibitions By late 1917 Longren had moved on to another two-place design known as the Model H As in the case of the earlier Longren Bus the Model H used a wooden monocoque fuselage The Model H was powered by a Curshytiss 90-hp OX-5 engine unfortunately while on his way to Kansas City Misshysouri Longren suffered an engine failshyure near Wakarusa Kansas The aircraft was destroyed in a crash which proved fatal to a cow standing in the field in which Longren was forced down He was made to pay $10000 in restitution to the angry farmer After that interest in the Model H faded away

Late in 1917 Longren became involved with Frederick W Buck MD ME and applied for a posishytion as chief engineer with the Buck Aircraft and Munitions Co of Denshyver To what extent Longren became involved with Dr Buck is unknown Buck (a long with Elmer Sperry and later Charles F Kettering at DaytonshyWright) had plans to develop and sell an aerial torpedo - essentially a small 50-hp biplane cruise misshysile which was intended to fly on a preprogrammed course then shed its wings at the proper time and place depositing a bomb contained within the crude fuselage framework

Longrens career took another path after his debacle with the Model H After failing to establish a new airshycraft company in Overland Park Kansas Longren eventually took a

position at McCook Field as an airshycraft inspector The Great War had cost Longrens friend Phil Billard his life when he was killed in a flying accident while serving in Issoudun France Longrens position at McshyCook had allowed him the opportushynity to examine every domestic and foreign-built aircraft tested there unshytil the time of his departure in 1919 On June 17 1919 Longren formed the Longren Aircraft Corp in Topeka Kansas using a former woolen mill in the Oakland suburb as the site for the new corporation The first aircraft to come out of the plant was the rebuilt Model H now resurrected as the H-2 It is unclear as to how the H-2 differed from the earlier Model H but by midshy1920 Longren had gone in yet another direction with the construction of the two-place Model D-2 - a small aircraft powered by a three-cylinder Y conshyfiguration Lawrence Model B engine of 35-60 hp Within a year the D-2 had evolved to become the Longren Model AK Sport

Described in the pages of Aviashy

tion and Aerial Age Weekly (Volume 11 Number 12 Sept 291921 pages 336-337 and Volume 14 Numshyber 3 Sept 26 1921 pages 55-56 respectively) the two-place Longren Sport or Fibre Sport was a sensational design that incorporated the three-ply laminated wooden monocoque fuseshylage of the 1916 Longren Bus and the 1917 Model H and a set of folding biplane wings to facilitate storage It is unclear as to how the fuselage of the Sport may have differed from earshylier Longren monocoque construcshytion techniques if at all

However a 1925 Longren patent describes the use of diamond-shaped wood fibre shell (procured from the National Fibre Co) being covered with an additional two layers of wood laminations on either side The fushyselage was made in upper and lower halves using steam-pipe-heated conshycrete male and female molds clamped together using 6000 pounds of presshysure The sections were then trimmed and dried with special provision for humidity control before being joined

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 29

to a framework of grooved ash longeshyrons and formers The fuselage formshyers were made of three-ply materials engine-bearing formers were made of a seven-ply material The formers were in turn attached to the fuseshylage shells with screws Finally the fushyselage was varnished inside and out with Valspar varnish the exterior reshyceiving a coat of pigmented varnish before a final clear coat

Sold with both Lawrence Model Lshy2 three-cylinder Y-style and Anzani sixshycylinder radial engines the Longren Fibre Sport was flown in several notashyble Midwestern aviation events during the early 1920s During the American Legion Air Meet at Kansas City (Octoshyber 31 - November 3 1921) the Sport made 38 consecutive loops while being flown by ND Trinler Two Sports were also flown during a special efficiency race held at Omaha Nebraska on Noshyvember 11 An AK Sport again flown by Trinler placed second with a speed of 7791 mph when flown over a 153shymile triangular course Later that Noshyvember two AK Sports were placed at the disposal of the Kansas City Star to deliver newspapers from Kansas City to Lawrence Kansas in record time During a game between the Missouri Tigers and the Kansasjayhawks a teleshygraph wired a play-by-play account of the football game to the Stars office The newspapers were then promptly set printed and delivered via aircraft to the Lawrence street vendors beshyfore departing fans were even able to reach their homes

After establishing a climb record for Longren aircraft in 1922 the Longren Sport attracted the attention of customshyers from as far away as China and the Soviet Union In 1923 the US Navy became interested and on February 19 1924 Lt jB Kneip flew the accepshytance tests for the first of three Lonshygren AK Sports that were sold to the Navy (serial numbered A6745 through A6747) The first machine was shipped to Washington DC for testing at the Anacostia Naval Air Station while the other two were delivered to Pensacola However documentation of their subshysequent testing and use by the Navy remains elusive

30 JUNE 2007

Photos of Longren Sports and the later NL-13 show the distinctive Lonshygren company logo painted on the side of the fuselage and perhaps a few words need to be said about it This consisted of four capital ilLs joined at the top of each letter This formed a crux gammata or swastika although the direction the letters pointed was counter-clockshywise as opposed the symbols use on aircraft flown by Nazi Germany in which the bottom of the ilLs point in a clockwise direction Prior to its adoption by the Nazi Party this ancient symbol was seen as far afield at the Southwestshyern United States where it was a sacred symbol of Native Americans and in Inshydia and in Runic Europe During The Great War the Indian head emblem of Seaplane Pilots Association (SPA) 124 included a crux gammata as part of the headdress worn by the Native Amerishycan chief tan In its time and place it was considered as a symbol of good forshytune and was in no way considered to be an insult In fact after World War I Finland adopted a grayish-blue crux

gammata inscribed within a white circle as the national insignia for its aircraft In Longrens case the ilL was inscribed with a second ilL and the rest of the letters in Longrens surname In addishytion to that a circular logo and was placed at the center of the emblem to which a set of wings and a propeller reached out to a point near the tips of the ilLs So as it turns out the Lonshygren swastika was covered by what might roughly be considered a crux

immissa or crucifix Longren had no connections to fascist idealism The company logo which originated in the Midwest in the early 20s was simply a clever play on the primary letter in Longrens surname

No matter how good an aircraft the Longren Sport was the company could not survive on such limited orders and the last aircraft was sold in May of 1924 The remaining company assets patents and facilities were sold at an auction in March 1926 The Longren Sport was resurrected briefly in 1928 when the American Eagle Aircraft Corporation of Kansas City Missouri built a solitary aircraft as the Model A-429 However the aircraft was much different than the

original Longren Sport and the design was not pursued further Following the collapse of his company Longren was hired by Willis Brown to become viceshypresident of production at the Spartan Aircraft Co in Tulsa When Brown left in 1929 Longren also moved on to beshycome a design consultant at the Butshyler Manufacturing Co at Kansas City Butler had planned to manufacture the Butler Blackhawk biplane However the company was unable to do this and all manufacturing was halted in 1931 At this pOint Longren made a deal to build a new airplane -- the NL-13

Registered as X12538 and sporting the distinctive Longren fuselage logo the NL-13 (NL possibly standing for New Longren) fuselage was built usshying a new machine-forming method for heat-treated duralumin sheets The upper and lower fuselage halves of the 1932 NL-13 biplane were joined to T-shaped longerons and riveted toshygether Fuselage formers also made of liT cross-section were riveted to the halves creating a very strong duralushymin semi-monocoque fuselage Like the earlier Longren AK the NL-13 had twin side-by-side seating The powerplant of the aircraft was a Martin 333 of 120 hp With the exception of the wing spars the NL-13 was of all-metal construction the wings being fabric covered

The aircraft was first tested by George Gay in August of 1932 At that time Gay worked for the aeronautics branch of the Civil Aeronautics Administrashytion (CAA) The aircraft was found to be slightly tail-heavy This was cured by a slight stabilizer adjustment The engine also suffered from a slight overshyheating problem This was corrected by enlarging the cooling louvers and subshystituting the original propeller with anshyother type

The NL-13 had a span of 28 feet and a length of 22 feet Apparently the goal of the NL-13 was to obtain a military contract After further testing at Roosshyevelt Field Long Island New York the fuselage of the NL-13 was sold to the United States Army Air Corps and underwent stress evaluation at Wright Field Dayton OhiO in june 1933 After slight modification to some of the stiff-

continued on page 37

Flying to me is all about having fun Its grass strips and old

friends and old airplanes The folks at AUA understand my kind

of flying and my kind of airplanes They provide great service

at very good rates and they know me as an individual not just

a policy number

- Darrell Jenkins

Dan-ell Jenkins Heber Springs AR

bull Private pilot single-engine land and sea

bull 500 hours total shy300 in taildraggers

bull Current aircraft 1948 Ercoupe 415-E

AUA is Vintage Aircraft Association approved To become a member of VAA call 800middot843middot3612

AUAs Exclusive fAA Vintage AircraftJUsociation Insurance Program

Lower liability and hull premiums - Medical payments induded - Fleet discounts for multiple aircraft carrying all risk coverages

continued from page 3

EAA Seeks to Preserve Access to Repair Station Services

EAA cautions that proposed aircraft repair station certification regulations could harm many small general aviashytion shops and adversely affect airshycraft owners seeking to maintain the airworthiness of their aircraft

The FAA estimates the cost for deshyveloping and implementing a new quality system called for by the proshyposed regulations at $34500 per reshypair station Many small operations cannot afford such an expense and it could force some to close their doors

We fear that these requirements would ultimately result in diminshyished availability of qualified and experienced maintenance expertise especially for the vintage fleet said Earl Lawrence EAA vice president of industry and regulatory affairs Airshycraft owners could be forced to use maintenance facilities with less speshycialized experience on their aircraft type making it more difficult to comshyplete major repairs and changes to small aircraft potentially impacting safety as well

EAA also questions the feasibility of requiring repair stations to mainshytain an approved capability list for each make series and model of airshycraft its permitted to work on Many small operators often inspect and maintain virtually hundreds of airshycraft types creating an administrashytive nightmare

EAA is willing to discuss how the FAA could best address its quality concerns while ensuring the ownshyers of small aircraft continue to have ready access to repair station services One suggestion EAA proposed is to exempt or lessen requirements for smaller shops with fewer than a given number of employees

EAAs full comments can be found at wwwEAAorgcommunications eaanewsRepa ir_Station_NPRM_Draftpdf The notice of proposed rulemaking is at httpDMSESDOTgovdocimages pdf99431749_webpdf 32 JUNE 2007

Young Eagle 13 Million Hails From New Mexico

Arlene Martinez in the right seat with volunteer Young Eagles pilot Paul Rachels

The EAA Young Eagles program the worlds most successful youth aviation initiative ever has registered the 13-millionth Young Eagle flown She is Arlene Martinez age 12 of Yuma Arizona who took her flight on March 17 at Somerton Airport (54AZ) in a Cessna 170 piloted by Paul Rachels EAA 633950 Rachels is president and Young Eagles coordinator for Yuma EAA Chapter 590

Arlene was very enthusiastic said Rachels who has flown 123 Young Eagles She definitely enjoyed the flight and would like to do it again He always gets a kick out of how kids react to their special flights Its as incredible an experience

for me as it is for them and I have 700 hours of flight time Steve Buss EAA Young Eagles executive director called it another important

milestone for the program which this year marks its 15th anniversary year-the birthday will be marked at AirVenture this year Its wonderful to recognize Paul and Arlenes flight but we also applaud the outstanding continuing support and enthusiasm for Young Eagles by our members We extend our congratulations to all who have helped the program reach this unprecedented level of participation

Nominations Due June 15 for EAA Young Eagles Awards Each year EAA honors several special volunteers at EAA AirVenture with the

annual Young Eagles awards and theres still time to nominate a deserving pershyson for 2007

Nominations for the following awards are being accepted through June 15

bull Chapter Coordinator bull Field Representative bull Ground Support Volunteer bull Young Eagles Humanitarian (presented for efforts to reach special needs

Young Eagles) bull Young Eagles Horizon Award (recognizing efforts to go beyond the basic

Young Eagles flight) Awards will be presented at a special ceremony held at EAA AirVenture Museshy

ums Eagle Hangar on Wednesday July 25 To download the official nomination form visit wwwYoungEaglesorgvolunteersaward_nominationpdf

BY BUCK HILBERT

The very beginning of airworthiness certificates pilot certificates

For many years Ive talked and writshy barnstormers and promote some ten about the beginnings of the Aero order and safety to their flying It had Club of America (ACA) now known one other side effect No record atshyas the National Aeronautic Associashy tempt or air show (or air meet as they tion (NAA) Ive explained how this were called back then) could be staged pioneer era appointed Orville Wright without the approval of the Aero as the chairman of the Contest amp Reshy Club which was affiliated with the cords Board and how a pilot registrashy international governing body the Feshytion program came into being deration Aeronautique Internationale

The World War I pilots returning (FAI) The contestant was required to home were barnstorming and othershy be a member of the Aero Club which wise doing their best to make a living then issued a certification to the pishyin aviation That led to attempts to lot Hence the FAlSporting License register and somehow civilize these old-timers would show was signed by

Certifying Aircraft and Pilots

AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATE IauecI to VIlICElll ASTOR Arw 23 W 26th Sl BYCit shy

m~ts CnltiUs that the Aircraft described below has been Inspected and found AiruIo~ for daylight llyin on AJIlI 0VEIl WUER OKLY

For the Fl)1nA Season of 1922 ~- ~-=l1=~== Cmlampato NJiI~_ _ -- UND ElV1UTEIS~OIlIS Iae

o o-_pmiIyenr3~J__I922 III _ - ~ t

_ _ Mri N=A1fefJ~mATE WAmR AmClWr _ _______ 1 - PQRIlrASRDWTCJN l T bull Y

N_- 01 AlOft to 5 M- 1-1 AJkwL c 9on MuwLOEBDIG AERO ElIGR C~IIoTNo 23-t SodoIH9~iF--__ 0- 30 pr 3 I~ _ 42 PT 6 U __ n 8 Pr _ 2700 4100 II UMIwI 1400 shy_ 130 M _Cd 20000 hlln_H_ 2S_ _ T LIBRRrY I I OBE __ US 32230 __ Do 5 000 - JfAJlJODS JULY 7 1922

Orville Wright It was a requirement of the federal government No federal requirement for a pilots certificate would come into being until the Air Commerce Act gave that authority and responsibility to the Department of Commerce on May 20 1926

In all of the information Ive read on the early days of the ACA later the NAA there was never any menshytion of aircraft standards or airworshythiness certificates I never quesshytioned it and as a matter of fact I never gave it a thought

Then along comes friend and Vinshytage member Mitch Wohl from Barrington Illinois and he drops two books on my desk The first one I picked up was titled A Symbol of Safety This book was first published in 1923 and tells all about the foundshying of the Underwriters Laboratories (UL) Reprinted in 1995 it goes into great detail as to the history of UL I found it very interesting

The second book published on the 100th anniversary of Underwritshyers Laboratories in 1994 amplifies a bit of the material that was pub-

This airworthiness certificate was issued by an Underwriters Laborashytories inspector Maj J W Jones who deemed the Loening Air Yacht of Vincent Astor to be in airworthy condishytion It is restricted to dayligbt flying and over water only Heres a photo of its sister ship from the 1922 Airshycraft Yearbook

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 3 3

Loening monoplane Flying Yacht 100 hp Liberty engine which made a world record for aHitude with three passengers and pilot 19500 feet

lished in the 1923 book Its entire theme is Making the World Safe for Technology What a revelation both regarding the organization s history in general and its involveshyment in aviation

The real beginnings were at the 1893 Worlds Fair at the Great White City in Chicago The Electricity Building had frequent visits by the fire brigade in response to the new alshyternating current electricity displays catching fire and causing problems It was then that William Henry Merrill began his testing lab which proved

electricity could be a servant rather than a master

Our only function is to serve not to profit We are doing someshything for manufacturers buyers and property owners everywhere We are doing things for humanity was a direct quote from Merrill This was the beginning of the lab The lab was funded by corporations that wanted their products tested as well as by the insurance underwriters themselves

From 1893 through 1905 the budshyget expanded from a mere $3000 to more than $300000 During that

The book goes into

great detail

as to physical

standards for

airmen There were

all sorts of tests

for altitude tolerance

fatigue and eyesight

and their standards

specify annual physicals

rAiLW~eeL5

srlINSON 15 JOCII~Y

34 JUNE 2007

time more than 7500 reports were published the lab moved to larger quarters it was chartered in Illinois and the landmark inspection and label service was established Within two years UL inspectors were at work in 67 citshyies UL got into everything electrical fire prevention fire extinguishers automobiles oil and gasses and transportashytion as well Thats where we come in airplanes

When the first commercial airplane takes off here in the USA in the 20s UL registers airplanes certifies pilots and issues the now rather quaint-sounding Rules of the Air

Im getting ahead of the full story but in a nutshell the National Aircraft Underwriters Association proposed and requested UL become the custodian of the official register of all aircraft pilots (other than government pilots) and take full charge of all details connected therewith

UL undertook this branch of the work on July I 1921 The book goes into great detail as to physical stanshy

dards for airmen There were all sorts of tests for altitude tolerance fatigue and eyesight and their standards specify annual physicals

No wonder the early birds were considered supermen The next step was to create a register of commercial and private aircraft On May I 1922 UL began a nationwide inspection service in order to make it possible to issue cershytificates of airworthiness for individual aircraft The details of the inspections and the people employed to conduct them is an early Whos Who in aviation The inspections were very stringent and as demanding for the aircraft as they were for the pilots

And that dear friends is the story of the first airworshythiness certificates They were all issued long before the Department of Commerce became involved and of course long before the creation of the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) and the Federal Aviation Administration

Little by little the freedoms of flight have been whittled down and the myriad of Federal Aviation Regulations we live with came about but here fellow pilots and aircraft owners was the very beginning and it was the insurance people who started it all I(

Over to you (( ~((~

~ Call to order your copies today

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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 35

BY HG FRAUTSCHY

THIS MONTHS MYSTERY PLANE PHOTO IS A BIT OF A MULLIGAN FOR THOSE OF YOU

WHO HAVE ENJOYED L1GHTPLANES FOR A NUMBER OF YEARS STILL NOT MUCH IS PUBLISHED ABOUT THIS RATHER ATTRACTIVE AMPHIBIAN

Send your answer to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box You can also send your response via e-mail Send 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Your answer needs your answer to mysteryplaneeaaorg Be sure to include to be in no later than July 15 for inclusion in the your name city and state in the body of your note and September 2007 issue of Vintage Airplane put I(Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line

MARCH S MYSTERY ANSWER

36 J UN E 2007

nology olph Dope

Heres a little about the March Mystery Plane

The subject Mystery Plane apshypears to be the Longren NL-13 sin 2 X12538 built in 1932 by Albin K Longren (1882-1950) in Kansas City Missouri Longren had been a design consultant for Butler Manushyfacturing Co during the certificashytion of the Butler Blackhawk and built the NL-13 in the Butler facility with help from Butler employees Butler had ceased production by that time in the depths of the Great Depression The NL-13 had an allshy

wing spars and the fabric wing covshyering The engine was a 120-hp Marshytin 333 inve rted inline with four cylinders The X12538 was the only NL-13 built and was not successful in reaching production although it was an ea rly example of formed alushyminum aircraft structures

My information comes from Aeroshyfilescom and from Chuck (Charles E) Lebrechts fine article entitled AK Longren - Pioneer Airman of the West published in American Aviation Historishycal Society Journal Vol26 No4 Winshyter 1981 pp258-270 Lebrechts article gives a great vjew of Longrens career as an aircraft designer and manufacturer

Jack Erickson State College Pennsylvania Other correct answers were reshy

ceived from WaIt House Wichshyita Kansas George Otto Snook Monroe Michigan John Miller Wamego Kansas Cam Bla ze r Leawood Kansas An extensive arshyticle on the airplane and AK Lonshygren written by Wesley Smith is also included in this issue of Vinshytage Airplane

metal airframe except for wooden 1---------------------------------shy

eners and bulkheads the NL-13 fuselage had a safety factor able to absorb 1683g

ahead of the center of gravity (CG) and 11g aft of the CG

This made the fuselage of the NL-13 considerably stronger than that of the Stearman YBT-3 Boeing P-26A Conshysolidated P-30 and Boeing P-12B with which it was compared the YBT-3 having a maximum g-Ioading potential of 109

both fore and aft of the CG While the reshyport recommended the possible adoption of Longrens construction techniques orshyders for the NL-13 were not forthcoming and no further examples were built

With the demise of Butler Longren went to work for himself using a porshytion of the former Butler factory at the Kansas City Municipal Airport In 1933-34 Longren did the initial metal work on the Luscombe Phantom and developed metal-working techniques with his partner Ivan Driggs Plans for opening another aircraft factory were put on hold when Cessn a reopened their Wichita Kansas facility in 1934 for production of the Cessna C-34 Cessna hired Longren as vjce-president a posishy

tion that he held until 1939 when he moved to Torrance California to open the Longren Aircraft Company

While Longren built no further airshycraft he became a successful subconshytractor of prefabricated components for other aircraft manufacturers After the end of World War II Longren sold his company and retired to a 3OOO-acre ranch at Adin Ca lifornia where he passed away due to a heart condition on Nov 19 1950 at age 68

The defini tive Longren article was written by Mr Charles E Lebrecht and was published in the Winter 1981 edishytion of the American Aviation Historical Society Journal (Volume 26 Number 4 pages 258-270) I am indebted to Mr Lebrechts excellent research for the inshyformation in this piece Further informashytion on AK Longren can be found in the pages of Aviation Quarterly (Mace Kenshyneth D Pioneer Airmen ofKansas Volshyume 5 Number 2 Second Quarter 1979 pages 152-163) Mr Maces article is also quite well-written and contains severshyal beautiful photos of Longrens aircraft as well as the 1908 Call Mayfly

VINTAGE A I RPLANE 37

The fo llowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter of information only and does not constishytute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed To submit an event send the information via mail to Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Or e-mail the information to vintageaircrafteaaorg Information should be received four months prior to the event date

JUNE S-IO-Union IL-Poplar Grove Airport Army Wings and Wheels Info Vintage Wings amp Wheels Museum 815-547middot3115 Tom Murray hiwheelsbcglobalnet

JUNE 14-17-St Louis MO-Dauster Flying Field Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) American Waco Club Flymiddotln Info Phil Coulson 269shy624-6490 or rcoulson516cscom www americanwacoclubcom

JUNE 20-2l--Lock Haven PA-William T Piper Memorial Airport (LHV) Sentimental Journey Fly-In Family oriented fly-in featuring antique and classic aircraft of all makes and models especially PIPERS Seminars vendors food camping and entertainment daily Come for the day or the week Call 570-893-4200 or 748shy5123 for more information j3cubkcnet org wwwsentimentaljourneyfly-incom

JUNE 21-24-Mt Vernon Ohio-Wynkoop Airport (6G4) 48th Annual National Waco Club Reunion Check www nationalwacoclubcom for more information and contact information Or email call Andy Heins 937 313 5931 wacoasoaolcom

JUNE 22-24-Gardner KA-Gardner Municipal Airport (K34) Greater KC VAA Chapter 16 Fly-in Contact Kevin Pratt 816-985-3248

JUNE 23-Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

JUNE 30-Chetek WI-The Chetek WI (Y23) 9AM car show craft fair and show a professional horse pull and a water ski show Plenty of food and drink available throughout the day For more info contact Chuck Harrison 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet or Tim Knutson 715-237shy2477 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

JUNE 31-Russellville KY- Russellville-Logan County Airport (4M7) 9th Annual All You Can Eat BarBQ Lunch 1100am - 200pm Rain Date July 5th Aircraft displays skydiving door prizes Everyone welcome For more information eaal165yahoo com wwwangelfirecom ky3 eaal165 Joe Lawrence 270-726-1558

JULY 4-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-llam For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

JULY 6-8--All iance Oh (2Dl)-Taylorcraft and Ohio Aeronca Aviators Fly-In See the airplanes built in Alliance OH amp Middletown

38 JU N E 2007

OH and the people that built them Camping motels food all day fbarberalliancelinkcom 330823-1168 bwmatzllacyahoocom 216 337-5643 httpwwwoaafy-incom see wwwbarberaircraftcom for airport diagrams Breakfast served Sat amp Sun 7AM to 11AM by EM Chapter 82

JULY 14-Zanesville OH-Parr Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

AUGUST 5-Queen City MO-Applegate Airport (15MO) 20th Annual Watermelon Fly-In amp BBQ 2pm til dark Come and see grass roots aviation at its best Info 660-766-2644

AUGUST S-Chetek WI-Southworth Municipal airport (Y23) BBQ Fly-In 1030am Warbird displays antique and unique airplanes antique amp collector car displays and raffles for airplane rides Procedes will be given to local charities Info Chuck Harrison - Office 715-924shy4501 Cell 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet Tim Knutson - Home 715-237-2477 Cell 651-308-2839 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

AUGUST 17-19--McMinnville OR-25th Annual West Coast Travel Air Reunion Come Celebrate the Rebirth of the Travel Air Expected to be the largest gathering of Vintage Travel Airs in recent times Held in conjunction with the Northwest Antique Airplane Club Event Info Bruce McElhoe 559-638-3746

AUGUST 18--Forest Lake MN-(25D)-Airport Fly-in and Open House lOam - 4pm 24shyhour gas and 24-hour grass 3000-foot 31 13 Forest Lake Lions serve brats corn-ltgtn-the-cob and ice cream 100LL is available John Schmidt EM 250021 St Paul Minnesota 651 776 1717

AUGUST IS-I9-Long Island NY- Bayport (23N) Annual Antique Aeroplane Fly-In Old time movies popcorn pig roast flour bomb drop and spot landing contest with the days ending in the in famous Sheep Shagger Baa For more info wwwAACGNY org or email Stuart Bain at Sbain emediaofny com

AUGUST 19-Brookfield WI-Capitol Airport (02C) Ice Cream Social and vintage Aircraft Display VAA Chapter 11 Dean London 262-442-4622

AUGUST 2S-Niles MI-Jerry Tyler Memorial Airport (3TR) VAA Chapter 35 Annual Corn amp Sausage Roast Lunch served 1100am

to 300 pm Rain date on Sunday August 26th Donations of $500 for adults and $300 for children under 12 Contact Len Jansen tripacerlenyahoocom

SEPTEMBER I -Marion IN-Marion Municipal Airport (MZZ) 17th Annual Fly-In Cruise-In 700am until 200pm This annual event features antique classic homebuilt ultralight and warbird aircraft as well as vintage cars trucks motorcycles and tractors An all-you-can-eat Pancake Breakfast is served with all proceeds going to the local Marion High School Marching Band wwwFlylnCruiselncomlnfo Ray Johnson (765) 664-2588 or rjohnson indyrrcom

SEPTEMBER I -Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $2 50 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer Phone (740) 454-7487

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~The Bmiddot thof

Creating a classic design BY CHESTER L PEEK PHD

Could you in three months time design and build a new light plane without tools or factory and with very little money Impossible you say But that is just what eG Tayshylor did in the spring of 1936 when he introduced the legendary Taylorshycraft to the aviation world Heres the story

In the last week of December 1935 eG Taylor was confined to his bed ill and completely discourshy

aged Days before he and Bill Piper Hangar at Butler Pennsylvania 1936 Still in use today had signed a legal document that dissolved their troubled partnership For Taylors share of the Taylor Cub company (which was in debt more than $90000) he received approximately $5000 to be paid out in small installments over three years

Byron Shinn knew Taylor well both as a customer and friend In a 1991 letter he describes Taylors situashytion and subsequent events

Back in the 1930s we had a small manufacturing comshypany located in one of the hangars on the Butler Pennsylvashynia airport called The Shinn Devices Company We made aluminum wheels for aircraft 4 bead diameter 700X4 tire and at that time sold them to most of the light aircraft manshyufacturers including the Taylor and Piper organization in Bradford Pennsylvania We had a quite complete machine shop and engineering design business I remember how Taylorcraft got started One very cold winter day probably in December 1935 I drove up to see Taylor in Bradford The roads were terrible ice coated and I almost had several acshycidents When I got there I found Taylor sick in bed and in a very discouraged frame of mind He had just been kicked out of his company by Piper and had little or no money or employment I told him with his abilities as an aircraft deshysigner and builder that he should certainly try to get back in the business and offered to help if I could

I went back to Butler and contacted D Bar Peat who was a promoter a very nice fellow who was running the Butler

Ken SchoHer about 1980 airport I asked if he could raise some money to start Tayshy22 JUNE 2007

TAYLORCRAFT BY C 6 TAYLOR PlmBUR6H-BUTLER AIRPORT BunER PA

STABLE FAST A NEW LIGHT PLANE ECONOMICAL LOWPRICED

First Taylorcraft ad February 1936 Aero Digest

First Taylorcraft specifications Photo is of a model

during the

Depression

you NEVER

left a job

Yet these men

deeply loyal

to Taylor

came with him

to this chancy

new venture Byron Shinn about 1936

TAYLORCRAFT Model A

ATe pendingB_ Span 36 (11 m) Length 22 (67 m) Heicht 6 8 (21 m) Wm area 169 fLgt (156 ml) Power Ioodiaa 2IS IbsJhp (118 kcJho) WioJ Ioadma 58 1bbullJIt (293 kcl) Weicht empty 570 Ibs (259 kg) U falload 420 Ibs (190 kc) Payload 181 lbo (82 kcl Gr weiht m lbo (449kcr Bant I Ibs (5 kg) Fuel 10 gals

~L~~L11t1iLk hp

~~~gtam~~hm~~49 kph) l~ mph (51h ) Semlte laquoiliaC 101000 ft (4260 m) imb per min 400 It (122 tn) Cruig rang 210 mi (371 1aD) ~ F welded eel tubg four JODIeIODS of proareqjve diameters wood faired and fabric conrcd removable maine mouat j streued fot SO hp installamiddot tion Wg two paDdJ bolted to fuselafefabric _ ~ oectioo With eJlipticalJy rOUDded tips JOlid apruce JPlrs

Zplace ATC

metal ribs fabricated from drawn NicraJ secshytions sinclc drag wire bracinc built-up metal frame ailerons fabric COYered and of the balanced type with DO exposed horns

=r~~brTc ~~ai~~~wd~ removable fin elentor and stabiliurs inshyterlthanaeable right or IefL Landing rear =evbsor~ closed~~~es color ocJlulosc finish with trim Two-place flex-wine seat 39 inches ide--by-lide cabin fabric lined and fire-wall sound proofed all control cables and fittinp in the cabin are fully enclosed Baggag compartment 6- X 9- X w- back of seaL

~~6oo-~~bS~ wbeds DuPont Pluticell 1rindJhield rulr her mounted illltrument pampDe1 ~ Aeromarinc altimeter U S 011

~~itfra~~ pass or other instnunmts extra

Carlson and Harold White who were engineers Ken Tibbits and Les Salshychow Parks College graduates along with mechanics Colby Carpenter and William Crawford All these men had good secure jobs with Piper and durshying the Depression you NEVER left a job Yet these men deeply loyal to Taylor came with him to this chancy new venture All would eventually rise to responsible executive posishytions with Taylorcraft

Ken Scholter a local mechanic was hired as a welder Contemposhyrary reports credit him with most of the welding on the new plane Forshytunately he was also an amateur photographer and documented the building process on film He furshynished most of the photos shown in this article

Shinn resumes I When Taylor came to Butler he had very little money we all had very little money at that time I believe he got a small settlement from Piper for his share of the Cub company This was in the depths of the Depresshysion We doled the money out a few dolshylars at a time and started to build the first plane We used our machine shop to make the draw bench to make the rib parts and to make most of the parts jigs and dies that required machining

An engineering department was set up I hired a draftsman when Ray Carlshyson moved down from Bradford Tayshylor and the mechanics would make the parts and then the draftsman would

lor up again in the airplane business He along with Col make the drawings We designed a new wheel for the plane Breckenridge and some others did raise a little money about lightweight and very strong being constructed of an alumishy$1000 as I recall enough to include the building of the jigs num stamping fastened to a cast aluminum end rim Tayshyand fixtures and the first plane We moved Taylor and his lor and I also developed the new tapered axle which was family to Butler rented him a house and started work in a lighter and less costly A new Goodrich tire size 600 x 6 vacant hangar on the Butler airport SeveraL of Taylors men was used from Bradford came with him II The plane was designed and built during the first four

Actually six key Bradford employees left Piper and to five months of 1936 This must have been some sort of joined Taylor in the new enterprise They were Ray record When the plane was finished the test pilot Tibbits

VINTA GE A IR PLANE 23

One day we came to work

to find trucks backed up

to the hangar and Taylor

hauling away all the

Taylorcraft parts Batch of Shinn 800 x 4 wheelsjigs and fixtures

started the test flights First he taxied the plane up and down the runway then flew it the length of the runway just off the ground then made flights a bit higher and finally made circuits The plane flew very well but would not stall The CAA required proper recovery from a stall so Taylor worked on the horizontal tail surfaces so that a stall could be induced and the plane passed the CAA tests

Taylor was a design genius The CAA had just released a new-design wing curve and Taylor was the first I

ffi believe to use it The wing curve was ~ ~ faster and had a soft stall ~ This was the NACA 23012 airfoil z ~ Taylor once told the author that in

Fuselage structure 1935 he built a set of wings for the Cub using that airfoil but Piper veshytoed the change They were hanging on a wall when the Bradford factory burned in 1937

Shinn says I started an advertising campaign beginning with a very small ad in Aero Digest saying IISomething new is coming in Aviation The next ads told a little more People were very enthusiastic about the new plane It was much advanced over the Cub beshying faster with side-by-side seating and wheel controls Before long we had reshyceived down payments from over 50 customers $200 each as I recall This

ffi was due to correspondence with old ~ ~ Taylor Cub dealers and the Aero Dishy~ z gest ad In a 1992 interview Bob UJ

Taylor eGs son confirmed thisWing details He remembered his father waking

24 JUNE 2007

First A-40 run-up May 1936

him up one night in Butler and showing him $10000 in down payments

The first ad appeared in the February issue of Aero Digest and is shown on this page A later ad showed a photo of the plane but since no plane had been comshypleted at that time it was actually a snapshot of a model CG Taylor built on his kitchen table First the new trademark Taylorcraft was used but when Beechcraft threatened legal action claiming Taylorcraft sounded too much like Beechcraft the ads were changed to read Airplanes by GG Taylor However they resumed us-

CG Taylor and a Model ATaylorcraft 1936

ing the Taylorcraft name after sevshyeral months

Shinn continues D Bar Peat was always trying to promote the plane On Sundays they would put on an air show at the Butler airport and 200 to 300 people would atshytend Som e way he got the Taylorshycraft to lead the way when all the planes taxied by the grandstand at the Cleveland Air Races

Meanwhile in the hangar facshytory the prototype plane was beshying rushed to completion but not fast enough to suit Taylor He

once told the author I was away ~ from the plant for three days havshyo ~ ing given instructions to complete sect the engine mount When I returned

it was not done I hung the engine in the right place with a chain hoist we

cut the tubing to (it and it was done in an hour On May 1 the Continental A-40 engine SIN 635

was run up for the first time then on May 8 Taylor signed an application for an experimental certificate Only eight days later on Saturday May 16 CAA inshyspector RA Young witnessed the test flight and issued certificate X-16393 to the first Taylorcraft SIN 25 Apshyproximately three months had elapsed from the time construction was started until the new plane was airshyborne A remarkable achievement

It was a beautiful plane sleek and streamlined a far VINTAGE AIRPLANE 25

Test flight of the first Taylorcraft May 1936

1 rryen~~A1~~~ )~ ~- shyITS A - -=- (=- = --- I FAF

BEAUTY 51495middot00-----shy~GRACEFULLY CONTINENTAL

STREAMLINED - - _ MOTOR

C G TAYL O R bull PlttsburqhmiddotBuUer Airport bull Bu tler Penna

April 1936 ad in Aero Digest

cry from Taylors boxy square-cornered E-2 Cub With side-by-side seating and wheel controls it rivaled much larger more expensive planes such as the Waco and Stinson Weight had been kept to a minimum the proshytotype weighed only 570 pounds It was much faster than the Cub The first prospective customers who flew the plane verified the advertised cruising speed of 80 mph In a race with two locals an Aeronca C-3 and a Kinner Fleet the Taylorcraft won easily

The investors at Butler were elated With nearly 100 orders and down payments received for their new plane they envisioned a rapid production buildup and the prospects of a thriving profitable enterprise Their faith however had been misplaced

Shinn continues But unknown to D Bar Peat and me Taylor had been talking to others about financing and a place to manufacture the plane One day we came to work to find trucks backed up to the hangar and Taylor haulshying away all the Taylorcraft parts jigs and fixtures They moved to Alliance Ohio where they got one years free rent on a large old airplane factory financing and tax breaks D Bar Peat and I retained a lawyer to try to get back our inshyvestment eventually getting back some shares ofTaylorcraft 26 JUNE 2007

stock instead of money And Piper quit buying my wheels and switched to Hayes

Happily Taylor and Shinn soon put their legal difshyferences behind them and remained good friends and business associates for many years

Shinn was not alone in his disappointment when the unexpected move came Scholter was out of a job In 1992 he made this comment They left Butler owing me almost a months pay which I never got But they did give me a very nice letter of recommendation

The Alliance Review newspaper proudly announced the arrival of the new aircraft enterprise in its July 9 1936 edition But that is a story for another day

Authors note When researching my book The Taylorcraft Story in

1992 I was privileged to personally interview four prishymary information sources regarding the Butler Pennshysylvania events eG Taylor Bob Taylor Ken Scholter and Byron Shinn The history above was taken from those interviews and contemporary newspaper articles

_ 55 ~a-~~~ition

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EXTRA The Butler Manufacturing Co NL-I3 biplane

The March 2007 Mystery Plane is the 1932 Butler Manufacturing Co NL-13 biplane designed by Albin Kasper Longren (sometimes simply reshyferred to as the Longren NL-13)

AK Longren had a very long and interesting aviation career Born in a log cabin near Clay Center Kansas in 1882 he was the one of 14 children born to Swedish immigrant homeshystead farmers Charles and Emma Lonshygren In 1901 he took a business course from the International Corresponshydence School (ICS) which he followed up with an ICS diploma in mechanical engineering from 1907-1911

Longrens interest in aviation beshygan with his observations of Henry L Call in 1908 Call originally a New York lawyer author and socialist had moved to Girard Kansas in February of 1908 in order to construct a large and ungainly flying machine powered by two 20-hp Curtiss B-4 engines Known as the Mayfly and The Chicken (among other colorful names) the airshycraft failed to fly despite modification Call enjoyed the support of the nashytional socialist newspaper An Appeal to Reason and constructed several aircraft under the aegis of The Aerial Navigashytion Company of America starting in 1908 before the company changed its name

Beginning in 1911 Call manushyfactured two-cylinder and fourshycylinder horizontally opposed air-cooled engines which h e marshyketed to would-be aviators through

28 JUNE 2007

BY WESLEY SMITH

advertisements (primarily in Aircraft and Fly magazines published by Alshyfred W Lawson of 1920 Lawson Airshyliner fame) The two-cylinder Call was rated at 45 hp and the four-cylshyinder engine was rated at 90 hp Call engines were among the first aircraft engine to be fitted with mufflers an individual muffler being attached to the exhaust port of each cylinder

With his brother EJ Longren and a mechanic named William Janeke Longren constructed a Curtiss-type pusher biplane in Topeka Kansas Beshygun in the summer of 1910 the Toshypeka I was not completed until the fall of 1911 Fitted with a 60-hp Hall-Scott A-2 a water-cooled V-8 the Topeka I became the first successful aircraft to be completed in the state of Kansas Longren made his first flight on Sepshytember 2 and on September 5 1911 he made two flights the first flight reaching about 225 feet in altitude and covering 15 miles and the secshyond reaching about 300 feet and covshyering six miles

Of course Longren was only one of numerous individuals who built Curtiss-type pushers Plans for early Herring-Curtiss machines were pubshylished in Aeronautics and other aviashytion periodicals as well as in books With some individual alterations many such aircraft were built in the United States prior to Americas entry into World War 1

At any rate Longren soon went into the exhibition business with

H Young renaming the Topeka I as the Dixie Flyer The words Dixie Flyer - AK Longren - Aviator were painted on the underside of the Topeka IDishyxie Flyers monoplane canard Between 1911 and 1914 Longren gave 1372 exhibition flights in Kansas Texas Oklahoma Nebraska and Colorado for the Young Aviation Co

In 1912 Longren built a second Curshytiss-type with a Hall-Scott A-2 This airshycraft incorporated the improvements Curtiss had made to his newer aircraft during 1911-1912 and in due course the mid-gap ailerons were moved to the trailing edges of the upper wing This aircraft was sold to Longrens forshymer student and friend Phil Billard who used it to give exhibition flights This aircraft sometimes known as the Topeka II was presented to the Kansas State Historical Society in 1938 where it still exists as a display

In the spring of 1914 Longren took time to marry Ms Dolly Trent Later that winter (1914-1915) Longren built his first entirely original aircraft design - a two-place tractor biplane again seshylecting the reliable Hall-Scott as the powerplant During an exhibition at the Dickson County Fair at Abilene on September 9 1915 the aircraft stalled on takeoff and was destroyed hitting an automobile that was leaving the fairshygrounds Longrens passenger was relashytively unscathed but Longren suffered a broken leg and several internal injuries

While recovering from his injushyries in early 1916 Longren with Phil

Billard began the construction of his fourth aircraft the Model G The Model G was a clean two-place tractor biplane with a strong resemblance to a Curtiss IN-4 In fact it was powered by a Curtiss OX-2 and was intended for sale to the warring European powers However only two were sold one to the Kansas National Guard the other being used for exhibition flights

Late in the year Longren built a small tractor biplane sometimes reshyferred to as the Longren Bus The conshystruction featured a three-ply wooden monocoque fuselage and was built for William Burt of Okmulgee Oklahoma A second machine was constructed for Lester Miller of Dallas Texas who inshytended to use the aircraft for aerobatic exhibitions By late 1917 Longren had moved on to another two-place design known as the Model H As in the case of the earlier Longren Bus the Model H used a wooden monocoque fuselage The Model H was powered by a Curshytiss 90-hp OX-5 engine unfortunately while on his way to Kansas City Misshysouri Longren suffered an engine failshyure near Wakarusa Kansas The aircraft was destroyed in a crash which proved fatal to a cow standing in the field in which Longren was forced down He was made to pay $10000 in restitution to the angry farmer After that interest in the Model H faded away

Late in 1917 Longren became involved with Frederick W Buck MD ME and applied for a posishytion as chief engineer with the Buck Aircraft and Munitions Co of Denshyver To what extent Longren became involved with Dr Buck is unknown Buck (a long with Elmer Sperry and later Charles F Kettering at DaytonshyWright) had plans to develop and sell an aerial torpedo - essentially a small 50-hp biplane cruise misshysile which was intended to fly on a preprogrammed course then shed its wings at the proper time and place depositing a bomb contained within the crude fuselage framework

Longrens career took another path after his debacle with the Model H After failing to establish a new airshycraft company in Overland Park Kansas Longren eventually took a

position at McCook Field as an airshycraft inspector The Great War had cost Longrens friend Phil Billard his life when he was killed in a flying accident while serving in Issoudun France Longrens position at McshyCook had allowed him the opportushynity to examine every domestic and foreign-built aircraft tested there unshytil the time of his departure in 1919 On June 17 1919 Longren formed the Longren Aircraft Corp in Topeka Kansas using a former woolen mill in the Oakland suburb as the site for the new corporation The first aircraft to come out of the plant was the rebuilt Model H now resurrected as the H-2 It is unclear as to how the H-2 differed from the earlier Model H but by midshy1920 Longren had gone in yet another direction with the construction of the two-place Model D-2 - a small aircraft powered by a three-cylinder Y conshyfiguration Lawrence Model B engine of 35-60 hp Within a year the D-2 had evolved to become the Longren Model AK Sport

Described in the pages of Aviashy

tion and Aerial Age Weekly (Volume 11 Number 12 Sept 291921 pages 336-337 and Volume 14 Numshyber 3 Sept 26 1921 pages 55-56 respectively) the two-place Longren Sport or Fibre Sport was a sensational design that incorporated the three-ply laminated wooden monocoque fuseshylage of the 1916 Longren Bus and the 1917 Model H and a set of folding biplane wings to facilitate storage It is unclear as to how the fuselage of the Sport may have differed from earshylier Longren monocoque construcshytion techniques if at all

However a 1925 Longren patent describes the use of diamond-shaped wood fibre shell (procured from the National Fibre Co) being covered with an additional two layers of wood laminations on either side The fushyselage was made in upper and lower halves using steam-pipe-heated conshycrete male and female molds clamped together using 6000 pounds of presshysure The sections were then trimmed and dried with special provision for humidity control before being joined

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 29

to a framework of grooved ash longeshyrons and formers The fuselage formshyers were made of three-ply materials engine-bearing formers were made of a seven-ply material The formers were in turn attached to the fuseshylage shells with screws Finally the fushyselage was varnished inside and out with Valspar varnish the exterior reshyceiving a coat of pigmented varnish before a final clear coat

Sold with both Lawrence Model Lshy2 three-cylinder Y-style and Anzani sixshycylinder radial engines the Longren Fibre Sport was flown in several notashyble Midwestern aviation events during the early 1920s During the American Legion Air Meet at Kansas City (Octoshyber 31 - November 3 1921) the Sport made 38 consecutive loops while being flown by ND Trinler Two Sports were also flown during a special efficiency race held at Omaha Nebraska on Noshyvember 11 An AK Sport again flown by Trinler placed second with a speed of 7791 mph when flown over a 153shymile triangular course Later that Noshyvember two AK Sports were placed at the disposal of the Kansas City Star to deliver newspapers from Kansas City to Lawrence Kansas in record time During a game between the Missouri Tigers and the Kansasjayhawks a teleshygraph wired a play-by-play account of the football game to the Stars office The newspapers were then promptly set printed and delivered via aircraft to the Lawrence street vendors beshyfore departing fans were even able to reach their homes

After establishing a climb record for Longren aircraft in 1922 the Longren Sport attracted the attention of customshyers from as far away as China and the Soviet Union In 1923 the US Navy became interested and on February 19 1924 Lt jB Kneip flew the accepshytance tests for the first of three Lonshygren AK Sports that were sold to the Navy (serial numbered A6745 through A6747) The first machine was shipped to Washington DC for testing at the Anacostia Naval Air Station while the other two were delivered to Pensacola However documentation of their subshysequent testing and use by the Navy remains elusive

30 JUNE 2007

Photos of Longren Sports and the later NL-13 show the distinctive Lonshygren company logo painted on the side of the fuselage and perhaps a few words need to be said about it This consisted of four capital ilLs joined at the top of each letter This formed a crux gammata or swastika although the direction the letters pointed was counter-clockshywise as opposed the symbols use on aircraft flown by Nazi Germany in which the bottom of the ilLs point in a clockwise direction Prior to its adoption by the Nazi Party this ancient symbol was seen as far afield at the Southwestshyern United States where it was a sacred symbol of Native Americans and in Inshydia and in Runic Europe During The Great War the Indian head emblem of Seaplane Pilots Association (SPA) 124 included a crux gammata as part of the headdress worn by the Native Amerishycan chief tan In its time and place it was considered as a symbol of good forshytune and was in no way considered to be an insult In fact after World War I Finland adopted a grayish-blue crux

gammata inscribed within a white circle as the national insignia for its aircraft In Longrens case the ilL was inscribed with a second ilL and the rest of the letters in Longrens surname In addishytion to that a circular logo and was placed at the center of the emblem to which a set of wings and a propeller reached out to a point near the tips of the ilLs So as it turns out the Lonshygren swastika was covered by what might roughly be considered a crux

immissa or crucifix Longren had no connections to fascist idealism The company logo which originated in the Midwest in the early 20s was simply a clever play on the primary letter in Longrens surname

No matter how good an aircraft the Longren Sport was the company could not survive on such limited orders and the last aircraft was sold in May of 1924 The remaining company assets patents and facilities were sold at an auction in March 1926 The Longren Sport was resurrected briefly in 1928 when the American Eagle Aircraft Corporation of Kansas City Missouri built a solitary aircraft as the Model A-429 However the aircraft was much different than the

original Longren Sport and the design was not pursued further Following the collapse of his company Longren was hired by Willis Brown to become viceshypresident of production at the Spartan Aircraft Co in Tulsa When Brown left in 1929 Longren also moved on to beshycome a design consultant at the Butshyler Manufacturing Co at Kansas City Butler had planned to manufacture the Butler Blackhawk biplane However the company was unable to do this and all manufacturing was halted in 1931 At this pOint Longren made a deal to build a new airplane -- the NL-13

Registered as X12538 and sporting the distinctive Longren fuselage logo the NL-13 (NL possibly standing for New Longren) fuselage was built usshying a new machine-forming method for heat-treated duralumin sheets The upper and lower fuselage halves of the 1932 NL-13 biplane were joined to T-shaped longerons and riveted toshygether Fuselage formers also made of liT cross-section were riveted to the halves creating a very strong duralushymin semi-monocoque fuselage Like the earlier Longren AK the NL-13 had twin side-by-side seating The powerplant of the aircraft was a Martin 333 of 120 hp With the exception of the wing spars the NL-13 was of all-metal construction the wings being fabric covered

The aircraft was first tested by George Gay in August of 1932 At that time Gay worked for the aeronautics branch of the Civil Aeronautics Administrashytion (CAA) The aircraft was found to be slightly tail-heavy This was cured by a slight stabilizer adjustment The engine also suffered from a slight overshyheating problem This was corrected by enlarging the cooling louvers and subshystituting the original propeller with anshyother type

The NL-13 had a span of 28 feet and a length of 22 feet Apparently the goal of the NL-13 was to obtain a military contract After further testing at Roosshyevelt Field Long Island New York the fuselage of the NL-13 was sold to the United States Army Air Corps and underwent stress evaluation at Wright Field Dayton OhiO in june 1933 After slight modification to some of the stiff-

continued on page 37

Flying to me is all about having fun Its grass strips and old

friends and old airplanes The folks at AUA understand my kind

of flying and my kind of airplanes They provide great service

at very good rates and they know me as an individual not just

a policy number

- Darrell Jenkins

Dan-ell Jenkins Heber Springs AR

bull Private pilot single-engine land and sea

bull 500 hours total shy300 in taildraggers

bull Current aircraft 1948 Ercoupe 415-E

AUA is Vintage Aircraft Association approved To become a member of VAA call 800middot843middot3612

AUAs Exclusive fAA Vintage AircraftJUsociation Insurance Program

Lower liability and hull premiums - Medical payments induded - Fleet discounts for multiple aircraft carrying all risk coverages

continued from page 3

EAA Seeks to Preserve Access to Repair Station Services

EAA cautions that proposed aircraft repair station certification regulations could harm many small general aviashytion shops and adversely affect airshycraft owners seeking to maintain the airworthiness of their aircraft

The FAA estimates the cost for deshyveloping and implementing a new quality system called for by the proshyposed regulations at $34500 per reshypair station Many small operations cannot afford such an expense and it could force some to close their doors

We fear that these requirements would ultimately result in diminshyished availability of qualified and experienced maintenance expertise especially for the vintage fleet said Earl Lawrence EAA vice president of industry and regulatory affairs Airshycraft owners could be forced to use maintenance facilities with less speshycialized experience on their aircraft type making it more difficult to comshyplete major repairs and changes to small aircraft potentially impacting safety as well

EAA also questions the feasibility of requiring repair stations to mainshytain an approved capability list for each make series and model of airshycraft its permitted to work on Many small operators often inspect and maintain virtually hundreds of airshycraft types creating an administrashytive nightmare

EAA is willing to discuss how the FAA could best address its quality concerns while ensuring the ownshyers of small aircraft continue to have ready access to repair station services One suggestion EAA proposed is to exempt or lessen requirements for smaller shops with fewer than a given number of employees

EAAs full comments can be found at wwwEAAorgcommunications eaanewsRepa ir_Station_NPRM_Draftpdf The notice of proposed rulemaking is at httpDMSESDOTgovdocimages pdf99431749_webpdf 32 JUNE 2007

Young Eagle 13 Million Hails From New Mexico

Arlene Martinez in the right seat with volunteer Young Eagles pilot Paul Rachels

The EAA Young Eagles program the worlds most successful youth aviation initiative ever has registered the 13-millionth Young Eagle flown She is Arlene Martinez age 12 of Yuma Arizona who took her flight on March 17 at Somerton Airport (54AZ) in a Cessna 170 piloted by Paul Rachels EAA 633950 Rachels is president and Young Eagles coordinator for Yuma EAA Chapter 590

Arlene was very enthusiastic said Rachels who has flown 123 Young Eagles She definitely enjoyed the flight and would like to do it again He always gets a kick out of how kids react to their special flights Its as incredible an experience

for me as it is for them and I have 700 hours of flight time Steve Buss EAA Young Eagles executive director called it another important

milestone for the program which this year marks its 15th anniversary year-the birthday will be marked at AirVenture this year Its wonderful to recognize Paul and Arlenes flight but we also applaud the outstanding continuing support and enthusiasm for Young Eagles by our members We extend our congratulations to all who have helped the program reach this unprecedented level of participation

Nominations Due June 15 for EAA Young Eagles Awards Each year EAA honors several special volunteers at EAA AirVenture with the

annual Young Eagles awards and theres still time to nominate a deserving pershyson for 2007

Nominations for the following awards are being accepted through June 15

bull Chapter Coordinator bull Field Representative bull Ground Support Volunteer bull Young Eagles Humanitarian (presented for efforts to reach special needs

Young Eagles) bull Young Eagles Horizon Award (recognizing efforts to go beyond the basic

Young Eagles flight) Awards will be presented at a special ceremony held at EAA AirVenture Museshy

ums Eagle Hangar on Wednesday July 25 To download the official nomination form visit wwwYoungEaglesorgvolunteersaward_nominationpdf

BY BUCK HILBERT

The very beginning of airworthiness certificates pilot certificates

For many years Ive talked and writshy barnstormers and promote some ten about the beginnings of the Aero order and safety to their flying It had Club of America (ACA) now known one other side effect No record atshyas the National Aeronautic Associashy tempt or air show (or air meet as they tion (NAA) Ive explained how this were called back then) could be staged pioneer era appointed Orville Wright without the approval of the Aero as the chairman of the Contest amp Reshy Club which was affiliated with the cords Board and how a pilot registrashy international governing body the Feshytion program came into being deration Aeronautique Internationale

The World War I pilots returning (FAI) The contestant was required to home were barnstorming and othershy be a member of the Aero Club which wise doing their best to make a living then issued a certification to the pishyin aviation That led to attempts to lot Hence the FAlSporting License register and somehow civilize these old-timers would show was signed by

Certifying Aircraft and Pilots

AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATE IauecI to VIlICElll ASTOR Arw 23 W 26th Sl BYCit shy

m~ts CnltiUs that the Aircraft described below has been Inspected and found AiruIo~ for daylight llyin on AJIlI 0VEIl WUER OKLY

For the Fl)1nA Season of 1922 ~- ~-=l1=~== Cmlampato NJiI~_ _ -- UND ElV1UTEIS~OIlIS Iae

o o-_pmiIyenr3~J__I922 III _ - ~ t

_ _ Mri N=A1fefJ~mATE WAmR AmClWr _ _______ 1 - PQRIlrASRDWTCJN l T bull Y

N_- 01 AlOft to 5 M- 1-1 AJkwL c 9on MuwLOEBDIG AERO ElIGR C~IIoTNo 23-t SodoIH9~iF--__ 0- 30 pr 3 I~ _ 42 PT 6 U __ n 8 Pr _ 2700 4100 II UMIwI 1400 shy_ 130 M _Cd 20000 hlln_H_ 2S_ _ T LIBRRrY I I OBE __ US 32230 __ Do 5 000 - JfAJlJODS JULY 7 1922

Orville Wright It was a requirement of the federal government No federal requirement for a pilots certificate would come into being until the Air Commerce Act gave that authority and responsibility to the Department of Commerce on May 20 1926

In all of the information Ive read on the early days of the ACA later the NAA there was never any menshytion of aircraft standards or airworshythiness certificates I never quesshytioned it and as a matter of fact I never gave it a thought

Then along comes friend and Vinshytage member Mitch Wohl from Barrington Illinois and he drops two books on my desk The first one I picked up was titled A Symbol of Safety This book was first published in 1923 and tells all about the foundshying of the Underwriters Laboratories (UL) Reprinted in 1995 it goes into great detail as to the history of UL I found it very interesting

The second book published on the 100th anniversary of Underwritshyers Laboratories in 1994 amplifies a bit of the material that was pub-

This airworthiness certificate was issued by an Underwriters Laborashytories inspector Maj J W Jones who deemed the Loening Air Yacht of Vincent Astor to be in airworthy condishytion It is restricted to dayligbt flying and over water only Heres a photo of its sister ship from the 1922 Airshycraft Yearbook

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 3 3

Loening monoplane Flying Yacht 100 hp Liberty engine which made a world record for aHitude with three passengers and pilot 19500 feet

lished in the 1923 book Its entire theme is Making the World Safe for Technology What a revelation both regarding the organization s history in general and its involveshyment in aviation

The real beginnings were at the 1893 Worlds Fair at the Great White City in Chicago The Electricity Building had frequent visits by the fire brigade in response to the new alshyternating current electricity displays catching fire and causing problems It was then that William Henry Merrill began his testing lab which proved

electricity could be a servant rather than a master

Our only function is to serve not to profit We are doing someshything for manufacturers buyers and property owners everywhere We are doing things for humanity was a direct quote from Merrill This was the beginning of the lab The lab was funded by corporations that wanted their products tested as well as by the insurance underwriters themselves

From 1893 through 1905 the budshyget expanded from a mere $3000 to more than $300000 During that

The book goes into

great detail

as to physical

standards for

airmen There were

all sorts of tests

for altitude tolerance

fatigue and eyesight

and their standards

specify annual physicals

rAiLW~eeL5

srlINSON 15 JOCII~Y

34 JUNE 2007

time more than 7500 reports were published the lab moved to larger quarters it was chartered in Illinois and the landmark inspection and label service was established Within two years UL inspectors were at work in 67 citshyies UL got into everything electrical fire prevention fire extinguishers automobiles oil and gasses and transportashytion as well Thats where we come in airplanes

When the first commercial airplane takes off here in the USA in the 20s UL registers airplanes certifies pilots and issues the now rather quaint-sounding Rules of the Air

Im getting ahead of the full story but in a nutshell the National Aircraft Underwriters Association proposed and requested UL become the custodian of the official register of all aircraft pilots (other than government pilots) and take full charge of all details connected therewith

UL undertook this branch of the work on July I 1921 The book goes into great detail as to physical stanshy

dards for airmen There were all sorts of tests for altitude tolerance fatigue and eyesight and their standards specify annual physicals

No wonder the early birds were considered supermen The next step was to create a register of commercial and private aircraft On May I 1922 UL began a nationwide inspection service in order to make it possible to issue cershytificates of airworthiness for individual aircraft The details of the inspections and the people employed to conduct them is an early Whos Who in aviation The inspections were very stringent and as demanding for the aircraft as they were for the pilots

And that dear friends is the story of the first airworshythiness certificates They were all issued long before the Department of Commerce became involved and of course long before the creation of the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) and the Federal Aviation Administration

Little by little the freedoms of flight have been whittled down and the myriad of Federal Aviation Regulations we live with came about but here fellow pilots and aircraft owners was the very beginning and it was the insurance people who started it all I(

Over to you (( ~((~

~ Call to order your copies today

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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 35

BY HG FRAUTSCHY

THIS MONTHS MYSTERY PLANE PHOTO IS A BIT OF A MULLIGAN FOR THOSE OF YOU

WHO HAVE ENJOYED L1GHTPLANES FOR A NUMBER OF YEARS STILL NOT MUCH IS PUBLISHED ABOUT THIS RATHER ATTRACTIVE AMPHIBIAN

Send your answer to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box You can also send your response via e-mail Send 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Your answer needs your answer to mysteryplaneeaaorg Be sure to include to be in no later than July 15 for inclusion in the your name city and state in the body of your note and September 2007 issue of Vintage Airplane put I(Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line

MARCH S MYSTERY ANSWER

36 J UN E 2007

nology olph Dope

Heres a little about the March Mystery Plane

The subject Mystery Plane apshypears to be the Longren NL-13 sin 2 X12538 built in 1932 by Albin K Longren (1882-1950) in Kansas City Missouri Longren had been a design consultant for Butler Manushyfacturing Co during the certificashytion of the Butler Blackhawk and built the NL-13 in the Butler facility with help from Butler employees Butler had ceased production by that time in the depths of the Great Depression The NL-13 had an allshy

wing spars and the fabric wing covshyering The engine was a 120-hp Marshytin 333 inve rted inline with four cylinders The X12538 was the only NL-13 built and was not successful in reaching production although it was an ea rly example of formed alushyminum aircraft structures

My information comes from Aeroshyfilescom and from Chuck (Charles E) Lebrechts fine article entitled AK Longren - Pioneer Airman of the West published in American Aviation Historishycal Society Journal Vol26 No4 Winshyter 1981 pp258-270 Lebrechts article gives a great vjew of Longrens career as an aircraft designer and manufacturer

Jack Erickson State College Pennsylvania Other correct answers were reshy

ceived from WaIt House Wichshyita Kansas George Otto Snook Monroe Michigan John Miller Wamego Kansas Cam Bla ze r Leawood Kansas An extensive arshyticle on the airplane and AK Lonshygren written by Wesley Smith is also included in this issue of Vinshytage Airplane

metal airframe except for wooden 1---------------------------------shy

eners and bulkheads the NL-13 fuselage had a safety factor able to absorb 1683g

ahead of the center of gravity (CG) and 11g aft of the CG

This made the fuselage of the NL-13 considerably stronger than that of the Stearman YBT-3 Boeing P-26A Conshysolidated P-30 and Boeing P-12B with which it was compared the YBT-3 having a maximum g-Ioading potential of 109

both fore and aft of the CG While the reshyport recommended the possible adoption of Longrens construction techniques orshyders for the NL-13 were not forthcoming and no further examples were built

With the demise of Butler Longren went to work for himself using a porshytion of the former Butler factory at the Kansas City Municipal Airport In 1933-34 Longren did the initial metal work on the Luscombe Phantom and developed metal-working techniques with his partner Ivan Driggs Plans for opening another aircraft factory were put on hold when Cessn a reopened their Wichita Kansas facility in 1934 for production of the Cessna C-34 Cessna hired Longren as vjce-president a posishy

tion that he held until 1939 when he moved to Torrance California to open the Longren Aircraft Company

While Longren built no further airshycraft he became a successful subconshytractor of prefabricated components for other aircraft manufacturers After the end of World War II Longren sold his company and retired to a 3OOO-acre ranch at Adin Ca lifornia where he passed away due to a heart condition on Nov 19 1950 at age 68

The defini tive Longren article was written by Mr Charles E Lebrecht and was published in the Winter 1981 edishytion of the American Aviation Historical Society Journal (Volume 26 Number 4 pages 258-270) I am indebted to Mr Lebrechts excellent research for the inshyformation in this piece Further informashytion on AK Longren can be found in the pages of Aviation Quarterly (Mace Kenshyneth D Pioneer Airmen ofKansas Volshyume 5 Number 2 Second Quarter 1979 pages 152-163) Mr Maces article is also quite well-written and contains severshyal beautiful photos of Longrens aircraft as well as the 1908 Call Mayfly

VINTAGE A I RPLANE 37

The fo llowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter of information only and does not constishytute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed To submit an event send the information via mail to Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Or e-mail the information to vintageaircrafteaaorg Information should be received four months prior to the event date

JUNE S-IO-Union IL-Poplar Grove Airport Army Wings and Wheels Info Vintage Wings amp Wheels Museum 815-547middot3115 Tom Murray hiwheelsbcglobalnet

JUNE 14-17-St Louis MO-Dauster Flying Field Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) American Waco Club Flymiddotln Info Phil Coulson 269shy624-6490 or rcoulson516cscom www americanwacoclubcom

JUNE 20-2l--Lock Haven PA-William T Piper Memorial Airport (LHV) Sentimental Journey Fly-In Family oriented fly-in featuring antique and classic aircraft of all makes and models especially PIPERS Seminars vendors food camping and entertainment daily Come for the day or the week Call 570-893-4200 or 748shy5123 for more information j3cubkcnet org wwwsentimentaljourneyfly-incom

JUNE 21-24-Mt Vernon Ohio-Wynkoop Airport (6G4) 48th Annual National Waco Club Reunion Check www nationalwacoclubcom for more information and contact information Or email call Andy Heins 937 313 5931 wacoasoaolcom

JUNE 22-24-Gardner KA-Gardner Municipal Airport (K34) Greater KC VAA Chapter 16 Fly-in Contact Kevin Pratt 816-985-3248

JUNE 23-Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

JUNE 30-Chetek WI-The Chetek WI (Y23) 9AM car show craft fair and show a professional horse pull and a water ski show Plenty of food and drink available throughout the day For more info contact Chuck Harrison 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet or Tim Knutson 715-237shy2477 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

JUNE 31-Russellville KY- Russellville-Logan County Airport (4M7) 9th Annual All You Can Eat BarBQ Lunch 1100am - 200pm Rain Date July 5th Aircraft displays skydiving door prizes Everyone welcome For more information eaal165yahoo com wwwangelfirecom ky3 eaal165 Joe Lawrence 270-726-1558

JULY 4-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-llam For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

JULY 6-8--All iance Oh (2Dl)-Taylorcraft and Ohio Aeronca Aviators Fly-In See the airplanes built in Alliance OH amp Middletown

38 JU N E 2007

OH and the people that built them Camping motels food all day fbarberalliancelinkcom 330823-1168 bwmatzllacyahoocom 216 337-5643 httpwwwoaafy-incom see wwwbarberaircraftcom for airport diagrams Breakfast served Sat amp Sun 7AM to 11AM by EM Chapter 82

JULY 14-Zanesville OH-Parr Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

AUGUST 5-Queen City MO-Applegate Airport (15MO) 20th Annual Watermelon Fly-In amp BBQ 2pm til dark Come and see grass roots aviation at its best Info 660-766-2644

AUGUST S-Chetek WI-Southworth Municipal airport (Y23) BBQ Fly-In 1030am Warbird displays antique and unique airplanes antique amp collector car displays and raffles for airplane rides Procedes will be given to local charities Info Chuck Harrison - Office 715-924shy4501 Cell 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet Tim Knutson - Home 715-237-2477 Cell 651-308-2839 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

AUGUST 17-19--McMinnville OR-25th Annual West Coast Travel Air Reunion Come Celebrate the Rebirth of the Travel Air Expected to be the largest gathering of Vintage Travel Airs in recent times Held in conjunction with the Northwest Antique Airplane Club Event Info Bruce McElhoe 559-638-3746

AUGUST 18--Forest Lake MN-(25D)-Airport Fly-in and Open House lOam - 4pm 24shyhour gas and 24-hour grass 3000-foot 31 13 Forest Lake Lions serve brats corn-ltgtn-the-cob and ice cream 100LL is available John Schmidt EM 250021 St Paul Minnesota 651 776 1717

AUGUST IS-I9-Long Island NY- Bayport (23N) Annual Antique Aeroplane Fly-In Old time movies popcorn pig roast flour bomb drop and spot landing contest with the days ending in the in famous Sheep Shagger Baa For more info wwwAACGNY org or email Stuart Bain at Sbain emediaofny com

AUGUST 19-Brookfield WI-Capitol Airport (02C) Ice Cream Social and vintage Aircraft Display VAA Chapter 11 Dean London 262-442-4622

AUGUST 2S-Niles MI-Jerry Tyler Memorial Airport (3TR) VAA Chapter 35 Annual Corn amp Sausage Roast Lunch served 1100am

to 300 pm Rain date on Sunday August 26th Donations of $500 for adults and $300 for children under 12 Contact Len Jansen tripacerlenyahoocom

SEPTEMBER I -Marion IN-Marion Municipal Airport (MZZ) 17th Annual Fly-In Cruise-In 700am until 200pm This annual event features antique classic homebuilt ultralight and warbird aircraft as well as vintage cars trucks motorcycles and tractors An all-you-can-eat Pancake Breakfast is served with all proceeds going to the local Marion High School Marching Band wwwFlylnCruiselncomlnfo Ray Johnson (765) 664-2588 or rjohnson indyrrcom

SEPTEMBER I -Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $2 50 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer Phone (740) 454-7487

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TAYLORCRAFT BY C 6 TAYLOR PlmBUR6H-BUTLER AIRPORT BunER PA

STABLE FAST A NEW LIGHT PLANE ECONOMICAL LOWPRICED

First Taylorcraft ad February 1936 Aero Digest

First Taylorcraft specifications Photo is of a model

during the

Depression

you NEVER

left a job

Yet these men

deeply loyal

to Taylor

came with him

to this chancy

new venture Byron Shinn about 1936

TAYLORCRAFT Model A

ATe pendingB_ Span 36 (11 m) Length 22 (67 m) Heicht 6 8 (21 m) Wm area 169 fLgt (156 ml) Power Ioodiaa 2IS IbsJhp (118 kcJho) WioJ Ioadma 58 1bbullJIt (293 kcl) Weicht empty 570 Ibs (259 kg) U falload 420 Ibs (190 kc) Payload 181 lbo (82 kcl Gr weiht m lbo (449kcr Bant I Ibs (5 kg) Fuel 10 gals

~L~~L11t1iLk hp

~~~gtam~~hm~~49 kph) l~ mph (51h ) Semlte laquoiliaC 101000 ft (4260 m) imb per min 400 It (122 tn) Cruig rang 210 mi (371 1aD) ~ F welded eel tubg four JODIeIODS of proareqjve diameters wood faired and fabric conrcd removable maine mouat j streued fot SO hp installamiddot tion Wg two paDdJ bolted to fuselafefabric _ ~ oectioo With eJlipticalJy rOUDded tips JOlid apruce JPlrs

Zplace ATC

metal ribs fabricated from drawn NicraJ secshytions sinclc drag wire bracinc built-up metal frame ailerons fabric COYered and of the balanced type with DO exposed horns

=r~~brTc ~~ai~~~wd~ removable fin elentor and stabiliurs inshyterlthanaeable right or IefL Landing rear =evbsor~ closed~~~es color ocJlulosc finish with trim Two-place flex-wine seat 39 inches ide--by-lide cabin fabric lined and fire-wall sound proofed all control cables and fittinp in the cabin are fully enclosed Baggag compartment 6- X 9- X w- back of seaL

~~6oo-~~bS~ wbeds DuPont Pluticell 1rindJhield rulr her mounted illltrument pampDe1 ~ Aeromarinc altimeter U S 011

~~itfra~~ pass or other instnunmts extra

Carlson and Harold White who were engineers Ken Tibbits and Les Salshychow Parks College graduates along with mechanics Colby Carpenter and William Crawford All these men had good secure jobs with Piper and durshying the Depression you NEVER left a job Yet these men deeply loyal to Taylor came with him to this chancy new venture All would eventually rise to responsible executive posishytions with Taylorcraft

Ken Scholter a local mechanic was hired as a welder Contemposhyrary reports credit him with most of the welding on the new plane Forshytunately he was also an amateur photographer and documented the building process on film He furshynished most of the photos shown in this article

Shinn resumes I When Taylor came to Butler he had very little money we all had very little money at that time I believe he got a small settlement from Piper for his share of the Cub company This was in the depths of the Depresshysion We doled the money out a few dolshylars at a time and started to build the first plane We used our machine shop to make the draw bench to make the rib parts and to make most of the parts jigs and dies that required machining

An engineering department was set up I hired a draftsman when Ray Carlshyson moved down from Bradford Tayshylor and the mechanics would make the parts and then the draftsman would

lor up again in the airplane business He along with Col make the drawings We designed a new wheel for the plane Breckenridge and some others did raise a little money about lightweight and very strong being constructed of an alumishy$1000 as I recall enough to include the building of the jigs num stamping fastened to a cast aluminum end rim Tayshyand fixtures and the first plane We moved Taylor and his lor and I also developed the new tapered axle which was family to Butler rented him a house and started work in a lighter and less costly A new Goodrich tire size 600 x 6 vacant hangar on the Butler airport SeveraL of Taylors men was used from Bradford came with him II The plane was designed and built during the first four

Actually six key Bradford employees left Piper and to five months of 1936 This must have been some sort of joined Taylor in the new enterprise They were Ray record When the plane was finished the test pilot Tibbits

VINTA GE A IR PLANE 23

One day we came to work

to find trucks backed up

to the hangar and Taylor

hauling away all the

Taylorcraft parts Batch of Shinn 800 x 4 wheelsjigs and fixtures

started the test flights First he taxied the plane up and down the runway then flew it the length of the runway just off the ground then made flights a bit higher and finally made circuits The plane flew very well but would not stall The CAA required proper recovery from a stall so Taylor worked on the horizontal tail surfaces so that a stall could be induced and the plane passed the CAA tests

Taylor was a design genius The CAA had just released a new-design wing curve and Taylor was the first I

ffi believe to use it The wing curve was ~ ~ faster and had a soft stall ~ This was the NACA 23012 airfoil z ~ Taylor once told the author that in

Fuselage structure 1935 he built a set of wings for the Cub using that airfoil but Piper veshytoed the change They were hanging on a wall when the Bradford factory burned in 1937

Shinn says I started an advertising campaign beginning with a very small ad in Aero Digest saying IISomething new is coming in Aviation The next ads told a little more People were very enthusiastic about the new plane It was much advanced over the Cub beshying faster with side-by-side seating and wheel controls Before long we had reshyceived down payments from over 50 customers $200 each as I recall This

ffi was due to correspondence with old ~ ~ Taylor Cub dealers and the Aero Dishy~ z gest ad In a 1992 interview Bob UJ

Taylor eGs son confirmed thisWing details He remembered his father waking

24 JUNE 2007

First A-40 run-up May 1936

him up one night in Butler and showing him $10000 in down payments

The first ad appeared in the February issue of Aero Digest and is shown on this page A later ad showed a photo of the plane but since no plane had been comshypleted at that time it was actually a snapshot of a model CG Taylor built on his kitchen table First the new trademark Taylorcraft was used but when Beechcraft threatened legal action claiming Taylorcraft sounded too much like Beechcraft the ads were changed to read Airplanes by GG Taylor However they resumed us-

CG Taylor and a Model ATaylorcraft 1936

ing the Taylorcraft name after sevshyeral months

Shinn continues D Bar Peat was always trying to promote the plane On Sundays they would put on an air show at the Butler airport and 200 to 300 people would atshytend Som e way he got the Taylorshycraft to lead the way when all the planes taxied by the grandstand at the Cleveland Air Races

Meanwhile in the hangar facshytory the prototype plane was beshying rushed to completion but not fast enough to suit Taylor He

once told the author I was away ~ from the plant for three days havshyo ~ ing given instructions to complete sect the engine mount When I returned

it was not done I hung the engine in the right place with a chain hoist we

cut the tubing to (it and it was done in an hour On May 1 the Continental A-40 engine SIN 635

was run up for the first time then on May 8 Taylor signed an application for an experimental certificate Only eight days later on Saturday May 16 CAA inshyspector RA Young witnessed the test flight and issued certificate X-16393 to the first Taylorcraft SIN 25 Apshyproximately three months had elapsed from the time construction was started until the new plane was airshyborne A remarkable achievement

It was a beautiful plane sleek and streamlined a far VINTAGE AIRPLANE 25

Test flight of the first Taylorcraft May 1936

1 rryen~~A1~~~ )~ ~- shyITS A - -=- (=- = --- I FAF

BEAUTY 51495middot00-----shy~GRACEFULLY CONTINENTAL

STREAMLINED - - _ MOTOR

C G TAYL O R bull PlttsburqhmiddotBuUer Airport bull Bu tler Penna

April 1936 ad in Aero Digest

cry from Taylors boxy square-cornered E-2 Cub With side-by-side seating and wheel controls it rivaled much larger more expensive planes such as the Waco and Stinson Weight had been kept to a minimum the proshytotype weighed only 570 pounds It was much faster than the Cub The first prospective customers who flew the plane verified the advertised cruising speed of 80 mph In a race with two locals an Aeronca C-3 and a Kinner Fleet the Taylorcraft won easily

The investors at Butler were elated With nearly 100 orders and down payments received for their new plane they envisioned a rapid production buildup and the prospects of a thriving profitable enterprise Their faith however had been misplaced

Shinn continues But unknown to D Bar Peat and me Taylor had been talking to others about financing and a place to manufacture the plane One day we came to work to find trucks backed up to the hangar and Taylor haulshying away all the Taylorcraft parts jigs and fixtures They moved to Alliance Ohio where they got one years free rent on a large old airplane factory financing and tax breaks D Bar Peat and I retained a lawyer to try to get back our inshyvestment eventually getting back some shares ofTaylorcraft 26 JUNE 2007

stock instead of money And Piper quit buying my wheels and switched to Hayes

Happily Taylor and Shinn soon put their legal difshyferences behind them and remained good friends and business associates for many years

Shinn was not alone in his disappointment when the unexpected move came Scholter was out of a job In 1992 he made this comment They left Butler owing me almost a months pay which I never got But they did give me a very nice letter of recommendation

The Alliance Review newspaper proudly announced the arrival of the new aircraft enterprise in its July 9 1936 edition But that is a story for another day

Authors note When researching my book The Taylorcraft Story in

1992 I was privileged to personally interview four prishymary information sources regarding the Butler Pennshysylvania events eG Taylor Bob Taylor Ken Scholter and Byron Shinn The history above was taken from those interviews and contemporary newspaper articles

_ 55 ~a-~~~ition

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LIN COL N MERCURY

EXTRA The Butler Manufacturing Co NL-I3 biplane

The March 2007 Mystery Plane is the 1932 Butler Manufacturing Co NL-13 biplane designed by Albin Kasper Longren (sometimes simply reshyferred to as the Longren NL-13)

AK Longren had a very long and interesting aviation career Born in a log cabin near Clay Center Kansas in 1882 he was the one of 14 children born to Swedish immigrant homeshystead farmers Charles and Emma Lonshygren In 1901 he took a business course from the International Corresponshydence School (ICS) which he followed up with an ICS diploma in mechanical engineering from 1907-1911

Longrens interest in aviation beshygan with his observations of Henry L Call in 1908 Call originally a New York lawyer author and socialist had moved to Girard Kansas in February of 1908 in order to construct a large and ungainly flying machine powered by two 20-hp Curtiss B-4 engines Known as the Mayfly and The Chicken (among other colorful names) the airshycraft failed to fly despite modification Call enjoyed the support of the nashytional socialist newspaper An Appeal to Reason and constructed several aircraft under the aegis of The Aerial Navigashytion Company of America starting in 1908 before the company changed its name

Beginning in 1911 Call manushyfactured two-cylinder and fourshycylinder horizontally opposed air-cooled engines which h e marshyketed to would-be aviators through

28 JUNE 2007

BY WESLEY SMITH

advertisements (primarily in Aircraft and Fly magazines published by Alshyfred W Lawson of 1920 Lawson Airshyliner fame) The two-cylinder Call was rated at 45 hp and the four-cylshyinder engine was rated at 90 hp Call engines were among the first aircraft engine to be fitted with mufflers an individual muffler being attached to the exhaust port of each cylinder

With his brother EJ Longren and a mechanic named William Janeke Longren constructed a Curtiss-type pusher biplane in Topeka Kansas Beshygun in the summer of 1910 the Toshypeka I was not completed until the fall of 1911 Fitted with a 60-hp Hall-Scott A-2 a water-cooled V-8 the Topeka I became the first successful aircraft to be completed in the state of Kansas Longren made his first flight on Sepshytember 2 and on September 5 1911 he made two flights the first flight reaching about 225 feet in altitude and covering 15 miles and the secshyond reaching about 300 feet and covshyering six miles

Of course Longren was only one of numerous individuals who built Curtiss-type pushers Plans for early Herring-Curtiss machines were pubshylished in Aeronautics and other aviashytion periodicals as well as in books With some individual alterations many such aircraft were built in the United States prior to Americas entry into World War 1

At any rate Longren soon went into the exhibition business with

H Young renaming the Topeka I as the Dixie Flyer The words Dixie Flyer - AK Longren - Aviator were painted on the underside of the Topeka IDishyxie Flyers monoplane canard Between 1911 and 1914 Longren gave 1372 exhibition flights in Kansas Texas Oklahoma Nebraska and Colorado for the Young Aviation Co

In 1912 Longren built a second Curshytiss-type with a Hall-Scott A-2 This airshycraft incorporated the improvements Curtiss had made to his newer aircraft during 1911-1912 and in due course the mid-gap ailerons were moved to the trailing edges of the upper wing This aircraft was sold to Longrens forshymer student and friend Phil Billard who used it to give exhibition flights This aircraft sometimes known as the Topeka II was presented to the Kansas State Historical Society in 1938 where it still exists as a display

In the spring of 1914 Longren took time to marry Ms Dolly Trent Later that winter (1914-1915) Longren built his first entirely original aircraft design - a two-place tractor biplane again seshylecting the reliable Hall-Scott as the powerplant During an exhibition at the Dickson County Fair at Abilene on September 9 1915 the aircraft stalled on takeoff and was destroyed hitting an automobile that was leaving the fairshygrounds Longrens passenger was relashytively unscathed but Longren suffered a broken leg and several internal injuries

While recovering from his injushyries in early 1916 Longren with Phil

Billard began the construction of his fourth aircraft the Model G The Model G was a clean two-place tractor biplane with a strong resemblance to a Curtiss IN-4 In fact it was powered by a Curtiss OX-2 and was intended for sale to the warring European powers However only two were sold one to the Kansas National Guard the other being used for exhibition flights

Late in the year Longren built a small tractor biplane sometimes reshyferred to as the Longren Bus The conshystruction featured a three-ply wooden monocoque fuselage and was built for William Burt of Okmulgee Oklahoma A second machine was constructed for Lester Miller of Dallas Texas who inshytended to use the aircraft for aerobatic exhibitions By late 1917 Longren had moved on to another two-place design known as the Model H As in the case of the earlier Longren Bus the Model H used a wooden monocoque fuselage The Model H was powered by a Curshytiss 90-hp OX-5 engine unfortunately while on his way to Kansas City Misshysouri Longren suffered an engine failshyure near Wakarusa Kansas The aircraft was destroyed in a crash which proved fatal to a cow standing in the field in which Longren was forced down He was made to pay $10000 in restitution to the angry farmer After that interest in the Model H faded away

Late in 1917 Longren became involved with Frederick W Buck MD ME and applied for a posishytion as chief engineer with the Buck Aircraft and Munitions Co of Denshyver To what extent Longren became involved with Dr Buck is unknown Buck (a long with Elmer Sperry and later Charles F Kettering at DaytonshyWright) had plans to develop and sell an aerial torpedo - essentially a small 50-hp biplane cruise misshysile which was intended to fly on a preprogrammed course then shed its wings at the proper time and place depositing a bomb contained within the crude fuselage framework

Longrens career took another path after his debacle with the Model H After failing to establish a new airshycraft company in Overland Park Kansas Longren eventually took a

position at McCook Field as an airshycraft inspector The Great War had cost Longrens friend Phil Billard his life when he was killed in a flying accident while serving in Issoudun France Longrens position at McshyCook had allowed him the opportushynity to examine every domestic and foreign-built aircraft tested there unshytil the time of his departure in 1919 On June 17 1919 Longren formed the Longren Aircraft Corp in Topeka Kansas using a former woolen mill in the Oakland suburb as the site for the new corporation The first aircraft to come out of the plant was the rebuilt Model H now resurrected as the H-2 It is unclear as to how the H-2 differed from the earlier Model H but by midshy1920 Longren had gone in yet another direction with the construction of the two-place Model D-2 - a small aircraft powered by a three-cylinder Y conshyfiguration Lawrence Model B engine of 35-60 hp Within a year the D-2 had evolved to become the Longren Model AK Sport

Described in the pages of Aviashy

tion and Aerial Age Weekly (Volume 11 Number 12 Sept 291921 pages 336-337 and Volume 14 Numshyber 3 Sept 26 1921 pages 55-56 respectively) the two-place Longren Sport or Fibre Sport was a sensational design that incorporated the three-ply laminated wooden monocoque fuseshylage of the 1916 Longren Bus and the 1917 Model H and a set of folding biplane wings to facilitate storage It is unclear as to how the fuselage of the Sport may have differed from earshylier Longren monocoque construcshytion techniques if at all

However a 1925 Longren patent describes the use of diamond-shaped wood fibre shell (procured from the National Fibre Co) being covered with an additional two layers of wood laminations on either side The fushyselage was made in upper and lower halves using steam-pipe-heated conshycrete male and female molds clamped together using 6000 pounds of presshysure The sections were then trimmed and dried with special provision for humidity control before being joined

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 29

to a framework of grooved ash longeshyrons and formers The fuselage formshyers were made of three-ply materials engine-bearing formers were made of a seven-ply material The formers were in turn attached to the fuseshylage shells with screws Finally the fushyselage was varnished inside and out with Valspar varnish the exterior reshyceiving a coat of pigmented varnish before a final clear coat

Sold with both Lawrence Model Lshy2 three-cylinder Y-style and Anzani sixshycylinder radial engines the Longren Fibre Sport was flown in several notashyble Midwestern aviation events during the early 1920s During the American Legion Air Meet at Kansas City (Octoshyber 31 - November 3 1921) the Sport made 38 consecutive loops while being flown by ND Trinler Two Sports were also flown during a special efficiency race held at Omaha Nebraska on Noshyvember 11 An AK Sport again flown by Trinler placed second with a speed of 7791 mph when flown over a 153shymile triangular course Later that Noshyvember two AK Sports were placed at the disposal of the Kansas City Star to deliver newspapers from Kansas City to Lawrence Kansas in record time During a game between the Missouri Tigers and the Kansasjayhawks a teleshygraph wired a play-by-play account of the football game to the Stars office The newspapers were then promptly set printed and delivered via aircraft to the Lawrence street vendors beshyfore departing fans were even able to reach their homes

After establishing a climb record for Longren aircraft in 1922 the Longren Sport attracted the attention of customshyers from as far away as China and the Soviet Union In 1923 the US Navy became interested and on February 19 1924 Lt jB Kneip flew the accepshytance tests for the first of three Lonshygren AK Sports that were sold to the Navy (serial numbered A6745 through A6747) The first machine was shipped to Washington DC for testing at the Anacostia Naval Air Station while the other two were delivered to Pensacola However documentation of their subshysequent testing and use by the Navy remains elusive

30 JUNE 2007

Photos of Longren Sports and the later NL-13 show the distinctive Lonshygren company logo painted on the side of the fuselage and perhaps a few words need to be said about it This consisted of four capital ilLs joined at the top of each letter This formed a crux gammata or swastika although the direction the letters pointed was counter-clockshywise as opposed the symbols use on aircraft flown by Nazi Germany in which the bottom of the ilLs point in a clockwise direction Prior to its adoption by the Nazi Party this ancient symbol was seen as far afield at the Southwestshyern United States where it was a sacred symbol of Native Americans and in Inshydia and in Runic Europe During The Great War the Indian head emblem of Seaplane Pilots Association (SPA) 124 included a crux gammata as part of the headdress worn by the Native Amerishycan chief tan In its time and place it was considered as a symbol of good forshytune and was in no way considered to be an insult In fact after World War I Finland adopted a grayish-blue crux

gammata inscribed within a white circle as the national insignia for its aircraft In Longrens case the ilL was inscribed with a second ilL and the rest of the letters in Longrens surname In addishytion to that a circular logo and was placed at the center of the emblem to which a set of wings and a propeller reached out to a point near the tips of the ilLs So as it turns out the Lonshygren swastika was covered by what might roughly be considered a crux

immissa or crucifix Longren had no connections to fascist idealism The company logo which originated in the Midwest in the early 20s was simply a clever play on the primary letter in Longrens surname

No matter how good an aircraft the Longren Sport was the company could not survive on such limited orders and the last aircraft was sold in May of 1924 The remaining company assets patents and facilities were sold at an auction in March 1926 The Longren Sport was resurrected briefly in 1928 when the American Eagle Aircraft Corporation of Kansas City Missouri built a solitary aircraft as the Model A-429 However the aircraft was much different than the

original Longren Sport and the design was not pursued further Following the collapse of his company Longren was hired by Willis Brown to become viceshypresident of production at the Spartan Aircraft Co in Tulsa When Brown left in 1929 Longren also moved on to beshycome a design consultant at the Butshyler Manufacturing Co at Kansas City Butler had planned to manufacture the Butler Blackhawk biplane However the company was unable to do this and all manufacturing was halted in 1931 At this pOint Longren made a deal to build a new airplane -- the NL-13

Registered as X12538 and sporting the distinctive Longren fuselage logo the NL-13 (NL possibly standing for New Longren) fuselage was built usshying a new machine-forming method for heat-treated duralumin sheets The upper and lower fuselage halves of the 1932 NL-13 biplane were joined to T-shaped longerons and riveted toshygether Fuselage formers also made of liT cross-section were riveted to the halves creating a very strong duralushymin semi-monocoque fuselage Like the earlier Longren AK the NL-13 had twin side-by-side seating The powerplant of the aircraft was a Martin 333 of 120 hp With the exception of the wing spars the NL-13 was of all-metal construction the wings being fabric covered

The aircraft was first tested by George Gay in August of 1932 At that time Gay worked for the aeronautics branch of the Civil Aeronautics Administrashytion (CAA) The aircraft was found to be slightly tail-heavy This was cured by a slight stabilizer adjustment The engine also suffered from a slight overshyheating problem This was corrected by enlarging the cooling louvers and subshystituting the original propeller with anshyother type

The NL-13 had a span of 28 feet and a length of 22 feet Apparently the goal of the NL-13 was to obtain a military contract After further testing at Roosshyevelt Field Long Island New York the fuselage of the NL-13 was sold to the United States Army Air Corps and underwent stress evaluation at Wright Field Dayton OhiO in june 1933 After slight modification to some of the stiff-

continued on page 37

Flying to me is all about having fun Its grass strips and old

friends and old airplanes The folks at AUA understand my kind

of flying and my kind of airplanes They provide great service

at very good rates and they know me as an individual not just

a policy number

- Darrell Jenkins

Dan-ell Jenkins Heber Springs AR

bull Private pilot single-engine land and sea

bull 500 hours total shy300 in taildraggers

bull Current aircraft 1948 Ercoupe 415-E

AUA is Vintage Aircraft Association approved To become a member of VAA call 800middot843middot3612

AUAs Exclusive fAA Vintage AircraftJUsociation Insurance Program

Lower liability and hull premiums - Medical payments induded - Fleet discounts for multiple aircraft carrying all risk coverages

continued from page 3

EAA Seeks to Preserve Access to Repair Station Services

EAA cautions that proposed aircraft repair station certification regulations could harm many small general aviashytion shops and adversely affect airshycraft owners seeking to maintain the airworthiness of their aircraft

The FAA estimates the cost for deshyveloping and implementing a new quality system called for by the proshyposed regulations at $34500 per reshypair station Many small operations cannot afford such an expense and it could force some to close their doors

We fear that these requirements would ultimately result in diminshyished availability of qualified and experienced maintenance expertise especially for the vintage fleet said Earl Lawrence EAA vice president of industry and regulatory affairs Airshycraft owners could be forced to use maintenance facilities with less speshycialized experience on their aircraft type making it more difficult to comshyplete major repairs and changes to small aircraft potentially impacting safety as well

EAA also questions the feasibility of requiring repair stations to mainshytain an approved capability list for each make series and model of airshycraft its permitted to work on Many small operators often inspect and maintain virtually hundreds of airshycraft types creating an administrashytive nightmare

EAA is willing to discuss how the FAA could best address its quality concerns while ensuring the ownshyers of small aircraft continue to have ready access to repair station services One suggestion EAA proposed is to exempt or lessen requirements for smaller shops with fewer than a given number of employees

EAAs full comments can be found at wwwEAAorgcommunications eaanewsRepa ir_Station_NPRM_Draftpdf The notice of proposed rulemaking is at httpDMSESDOTgovdocimages pdf99431749_webpdf 32 JUNE 2007

Young Eagle 13 Million Hails From New Mexico

Arlene Martinez in the right seat with volunteer Young Eagles pilot Paul Rachels

The EAA Young Eagles program the worlds most successful youth aviation initiative ever has registered the 13-millionth Young Eagle flown She is Arlene Martinez age 12 of Yuma Arizona who took her flight on March 17 at Somerton Airport (54AZ) in a Cessna 170 piloted by Paul Rachels EAA 633950 Rachels is president and Young Eagles coordinator for Yuma EAA Chapter 590

Arlene was very enthusiastic said Rachels who has flown 123 Young Eagles She definitely enjoyed the flight and would like to do it again He always gets a kick out of how kids react to their special flights Its as incredible an experience

for me as it is for them and I have 700 hours of flight time Steve Buss EAA Young Eagles executive director called it another important

milestone for the program which this year marks its 15th anniversary year-the birthday will be marked at AirVenture this year Its wonderful to recognize Paul and Arlenes flight but we also applaud the outstanding continuing support and enthusiasm for Young Eagles by our members We extend our congratulations to all who have helped the program reach this unprecedented level of participation

Nominations Due June 15 for EAA Young Eagles Awards Each year EAA honors several special volunteers at EAA AirVenture with the

annual Young Eagles awards and theres still time to nominate a deserving pershyson for 2007

Nominations for the following awards are being accepted through June 15

bull Chapter Coordinator bull Field Representative bull Ground Support Volunteer bull Young Eagles Humanitarian (presented for efforts to reach special needs

Young Eagles) bull Young Eagles Horizon Award (recognizing efforts to go beyond the basic

Young Eagles flight) Awards will be presented at a special ceremony held at EAA AirVenture Museshy

ums Eagle Hangar on Wednesday July 25 To download the official nomination form visit wwwYoungEaglesorgvolunteersaward_nominationpdf

BY BUCK HILBERT

The very beginning of airworthiness certificates pilot certificates

For many years Ive talked and writshy barnstormers and promote some ten about the beginnings of the Aero order and safety to their flying It had Club of America (ACA) now known one other side effect No record atshyas the National Aeronautic Associashy tempt or air show (or air meet as they tion (NAA) Ive explained how this were called back then) could be staged pioneer era appointed Orville Wright without the approval of the Aero as the chairman of the Contest amp Reshy Club which was affiliated with the cords Board and how a pilot registrashy international governing body the Feshytion program came into being deration Aeronautique Internationale

The World War I pilots returning (FAI) The contestant was required to home were barnstorming and othershy be a member of the Aero Club which wise doing their best to make a living then issued a certification to the pishyin aviation That led to attempts to lot Hence the FAlSporting License register and somehow civilize these old-timers would show was signed by

Certifying Aircraft and Pilots

AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATE IauecI to VIlICElll ASTOR Arw 23 W 26th Sl BYCit shy

m~ts CnltiUs that the Aircraft described below has been Inspected and found AiruIo~ for daylight llyin on AJIlI 0VEIl WUER OKLY

For the Fl)1nA Season of 1922 ~- ~-=l1=~== Cmlampato NJiI~_ _ -- UND ElV1UTEIS~OIlIS Iae

o o-_pmiIyenr3~J__I922 III _ - ~ t

_ _ Mri N=A1fefJ~mATE WAmR AmClWr _ _______ 1 - PQRIlrASRDWTCJN l T bull Y

N_- 01 AlOft to 5 M- 1-1 AJkwL c 9on MuwLOEBDIG AERO ElIGR C~IIoTNo 23-t SodoIH9~iF--__ 0- 30 pr 3 I~ _ 42 PT 6 U __ n 8 Pr _ 2700 4100 II UMIwI 1400 shy_ 130 M _Cd 20000 hlln_H_ 2S_ _ T LIBRRrY I I OBE __ US 32230 __ Do 5 000 - JfAJlJODS JULY 7 1922

Orville Wright It was a requirement of the federal government No federal requirement for a pilots certificate would come into being until the Air Commerce Act gave that authority and responsibility to the Department of Commerce on May 20 1926

In all of the information Ive read on the early days of the ACA later the NAA there was never any menshytion of aircraft standards or airworshythiness certificates I never quesshytioned it and as a matter of fact I never gave it a thought

Then along comes friend and Vinshytage member Mitch Wohl from Barrington Illinois and he drops two books on my desk The first one I picked up was titled A Symbol of Safety This book was first published in 1923 and tells all about the foundshying of the Underwriters Laboratories (UL) Reprinted in 1995 it goes into great detail as to the history of UL I found it very interesting

The second book published on the 100th anniversary of Underwritshyers Laboratories in 1994 amplifies a bit of the material that was pub-

This airworthiness certificate was issued by an Underwriters Laborashytories inspector Maj J W Jones who deemed the Loening Air Yacht of Vincent Astor to be in airworthy condishytion It is restricted to dayligbt flying and over water only Heres a photo of its sister ship from the 1922 Airshycraft Yearbook

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 3 3

Loening monoplane Flying Yacht 100 hp Liberty engine which made a world record for aHitude with three passengers and pilot 19500 feet

lished in the 1923 book Its entire theme is Making the World Safe for Technology What a revelation both regarding the organization s history in general and its involveshyment in aviation

The real beginnings were at the 1893 Worlds Fair at the Great White City in Chicago The Electricity Building had frequent visits by the fire brigade in response to the new alshyternating current electricity displays catching fire and causing problems It was then that William Henry Merrill began his testing lab which proved

electricity could be a servant rather than a master

Our only function is to serve not to profit We are doing someshything for manufacturers buyers and property owners everywhere We are doing things for humanity was a direct quote from Merrill This was the beginning of the lab The lab was funded by corporations that wanted their products tested as well as by the insurance underwriters themselves

From 1893 through 1905 the budshyget expanded from a mere $3000 to more than $300000 During that

The book goes into

great detail

as to physical

standards for

airmen There were

all sorts of tests

for altitude tolerance

fatigue and eyesight

and their standards

specify annual physicals

rAiLW~eeL5

srlINSON 15 JOCII~Y

34 JUNE 2007

time more than 7500 reports were published the lab moved to larger quarters it was chartered in Illinois and the landmark inspection and label service was established Within two years UL inspectors were at work in 67 citshyies UL got into everything electrical fire prevention fire extinguishers automobiles oil and gasses and transportashytion as well Thats where we come in airplanes

When the first commercial airplane takes off here in the USA in the 20s UL registers airplanes certifies pilots and issues the now rather quaint-sounding Rules of the Air

Im getting ahead of the full story but in a nutshell the National Aircraft Underwriters Association proposed and requested UL become the custodian of the official register of all aircraft pilots (other than government pilots) and take full charge of all details connected therewith

UL undertook this branch of the work on July I 1921 The book goes into great detail as to physical stanshy

dards for airmen There were all sorts of tests for altitude tolerance fatigue and eyesight and their standards specify annual physicals

No wonder the early birds were considered supermen The next step was to create a register of commercial and private aircraft On May I 1922 UL began a nationwide inspection service in order to make it possible to issue cershytificates of airworthiness for individual aircraft The details of the inspections and the people employed to conduct them is an early Whos Who in aviation The inspections were very stringent and as demanding for the aircraft as they were for the pilots

And that dear friends is the story of the first airworshythiness certificates They were all issued long before the Department of Commerce became involved and of course long before the creation of the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) and the Federal Aviation Administration

Little by little the freedoms of flight have been whittled down and the myriad of Federal Aviation Regulations we live with came about but here fellow pilots and aircraft owners was the very beginning and it was the insurance people who started it all I(

Over to you (( ~((~

~ Call to order your copies today

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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 35

BY HG FRAUTSCHY

THIS MONTHS MYSTERY PLANE PHOTO IS A BIT OF A MULLIGAN FOR THOSE OF YOU

WHO HAVE ENJOYED L1GHTPLANES FOR A NUMBER OF YEARS STILL NOT MUCH IS PUBLISHED ABOUT THIS RATHER ATTRACTIVE AMPHIBIAN

Send your answer to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box You can also send your response via e-mail Send 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Your answer needs your answer to mysteryplaneeaaorg Be sure to include to be in no later than July 15 for inclusion in the your name city and state in the body of your note and September 2007 issue of Vintage Airplane put I(Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line

MARCH S MYSTERY ANSWER

36 J UN E 2007

nology olph Dope

Heres a little about the March Mystery Plane

The subject Mystery Plane apshypears to be the Longren NL-13 sin 2 X12538 built in 1932 by Albin K Longren (1882-1950) in Kansas City Missouri Longren had been a design consultant for Butler Manushyfacturing Co during the certificashytion of the Butler Blackhawk and built the NL-13 in the Butler facility with help from Butler employees Butler had ceased production by that time in the depths of the Great Depression The NL-13 had an allshy

wing spars and the fabric wing covshyering The engine was a 120-hp Marshytin 333 inve rted inline with four cylinders The X12538 was the only NL-13 built and was not successful in reaching production although it was an ea rly example of formed alushyminum aircraft structures

My information comes from Aeroshyfilescom and from Chuck (Charles E) Lebrechts fine article entitled AK Longren - Pioneer Airman of the West published in American Aviation Historishycal Society Journal Vol26 No4 Winshyter 1981 pp258-270 Lebrechts article gives a great vjew of Longrens career as an aircraft designer and manufacturer

Jack Erickson State College Pennsylvania Other correct answers were reshy

ceived from WaIt House Wichshyita Kansas George Otto Snook Monroe Michigan John Miller Wamego Kansas Cam Bla ze r Leawood Kansas An extensive arshyticle on the airplane and AK Lonshygren written by Wesley Smith is also included in this issue of Vinshytage Airplane

metal airframe except for wooden 1---------------------------------shy

eners and bulkheads the NL-13 fuselage had a safety factor able to absorb 1683g

ahead of the center of gravity (CG) and 11g aft of the CG

This made the fuselage of the NL-13 considerably stronger than that of the Stearman YBT-3 Boeing P-26A Conshysolidated P-30 and Boeing P-12B with which it was compared the YBT-3 having a maximum g-Ioading potential of 109

both fore and aft of the CG While the reshyport recommended the possible adoption of Longrens construction techniques orshyders for the NL-13 were not forthcoming and no further examples were built

With the demise of Butler Longren went to work for himself using a porshytion of the former Butler factory at the Kansas City Municipal Airport In 1933-34 Longren did the initial metal work on the Luscombe Phantom and developed metal-working techniques with his partner Ivan Driggs Plans for opening another aircraft factory were put on hold when Cessn a reopened their Wichita Kansas facility in 1934 for production of the Cessna C-34 Cessna hired Longren as vjce-president a posishy

tion that he held until 1939 when he moved to Torrance California to open the Longren Aircraft Company

While Longren built no further airshycraft he became a successful subconshytractor of prefabricated components for other aircraft manufacturers After the end of World War II Longren sold his company and retired to a 3OOO-acre ranch at Adin Ca lifornia where he passed away due to a heart condition on Nov 19 1950 at age 68

The defini tive Longren article was written by Mr Charles E Lebrecht and was published in the Winter 1981 edishytion of the American Aviation Historical Society Journal (Volume 26 Number 4 pages 258-270) I am indebted to Mr Lebrechts excellent research for the inshyformation in this piece Further informashytion on AK Longren can be found in the pages of Aviation Quarterly (Mace Kenshyneth D Pioneer Airmen ofKansas Volshyume 5 Number 2 Second Quarter 1979 pages 152-163) Mr Maces article is also quite well-written and contains severshyal beautiful photos of Longrens aircraft as well as the 1908 Call Mayfly

VINTAGE A I RPLANE 37

The fo llowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter of information only and does not constishytute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed To submit an event send the information via mail to Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Or e-mail the information to vintageaircrafteaaorg Information should be received four months prior to the event date

JUNE S-IO-Union IL-Poplar Grove Airport Army Wings and Wheels Info Vintage Wings amp Wheels Museum 815-547middot3115 Tom Murray hiwheelsbcglobalnet

JUNE 14-17-St Louis MO-Dauster Flying Field Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) American Waco Club Flymiddotln Info Phil Coulson 269shy624-6490 or rcoulson516cscom www americanwacoclubcom

JUNE 20-2l--Lock Haven PA-William T Piper Memorial Airport (LHV) Sentimental Journey Fly-In Family oriented fly-in featuring antique and classic aircraft of all makes and models especially PIPERS Seminars vendors food camping and entertainment daily Come for the day or the week Call 570-893-4200 or 748shy5123 for more information j3cubkcnet org wwwsentimentaljourneyfly-incom

JUNE 21-24-Mt Vernon Ohio-Wynkoop Airport (6G4) 48th Annual National Waco Club Reunion Check www nationalwacoclubcom for more information and contact information Or email call Andy Heins 937 313 5931 wacoasoaolcom

JUNE 22-24-Gardner KA-Gardner Municipal Airport (K34) Greater KC VAA Chapter 16 Fly-in Contact Kevin Pratt 816-985-3248

JUNE 23-Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

JUNE 30-Chetek WI-The Chetek WI (Y23) 9AM car show craft fair and show a professional horse pull and a water ski show Plenty of food and drink available throughout the day For more info contact Chuck Harrison 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet or Tim Knutson 715-237shy2477 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

JUNE 31-Russellville KY- Russellville-Logan County Airport (4M7) 9th Annual All You Can Eat BarBQ Lunch 1100am - 200pm Rain Date July 5th Aircraft displays skydiving door prizes Everyone welcome For more information eaal165yahoo com wwwangelfirecom ky3 eaal165 Joe Lawrence 270-726-1558

JULY 4-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-llam For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

JULY 6-8--All iance Oh (2Dl)-Taylorcraft and Ohio Aeronca Aviators Fly-In See the airplanes built in Alliance OH amp Middletown

38 JU N E 2007

OH and the people that built them Camping motels food all day fbarberalliancelinkcom 330823-1168 bwmatzllacyahoocom 216 337-5643 httpwwwoaafy-incom see wwwbarberaircraftcom for airport diagrams Breakfast served Sat amp Sun 7AM to 11AM by EM Chapter 82

JULY 14-Zanesville OH-Parr Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

AUGUST 5-Queen City MO-Applegate Airport (15MO) 20th Annual Watermelon Fly-In amp BBQ 2pm til dark Come and see grass roots aviation at its best Info 660-766-2644

AUGUST S-Chetek WI-Southworth Municipal airport (Y23) BBQ Fly-In 1030am Warbird displays antique and unique airplanes antique amp collector car displays and raffles for airplane rides Procedes will be given to local charities Info Chuck Harrison - Office 715-924shy4501 Cell 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet Tim Knutson - Home 715-237-2477 Cell 651-308-2839 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

AUGUST 17-19--McMinnville OR-25th Annual West Coast Travel Air Reunion Come Celebrate the Rebirth of the Travel Air Expected to be the largest gathering of Vintage Travel Airs in recent times Held in conjunction with the Northwest Antique Airplane Club Event Info Bruce McElhoe 559-638-3746

AUGUST 18--Forest Lake MN-(25D)-Airport Fly-in and Open House lOam - 4pm 24shyhour gas and 24-hour grass 3000-foot 31 13 Forest Lake Lions serve brats corn-ltgtn-the-cob and ice cream 100LL is available John Schmidt EM 250021 St Paul Minnesota 651 776 1717

AUGUST IS-I9-Long Island NY- Bayport (23N) Annual Antique Aeroplane Fly-In Old time movies popcorn pig roast flour bomb drop and spot landing contest with the days ending in the in famous Sheep Shagger Baa For more info wwwAACGNY org or email Stuart Bain at Sbain emediaofny com

AUGUST 19-Brookfield WI-Capitol Airport (02C) Ice Cream Social and vintage Aircraft Display VAA Chapter 11 Dean London 262-442-4622

AUGUST 2S-Niles MI-Jerry Tyler Memorial Airport (3TR) VAA Chapter 35 Annual Corn amp Sausage Roast Lunch served 1100am

to 300 pm Rain date on Sunday August 26th Donations of $500 for adults and $300 for children under 12 Contact Len Jansen tripacerlenyahoocom

SEPTEMBER I -Marion IN-Marion Municipal Airport (MZZ) 17th Annual Fly-In Cruise-In 700am until 200pm This annual event features antique classic homebuilt ultralight and warbird aircraft as well as vintage cars trucks motorcycles and tractors An all-you-can-eat Pancake Breakfast is served with all proceeds going to the local Marion High School Marching Band wwwFlylnCruiselncomlnfo Ray Johnson (765) 664-2588 or rjohnson indyrrcom

SEPTEMBER I -Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $2 50 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer Phone (740) 454-7487

SEPTEMBER 2-Mondovi WI-21st Annual Log Cabin Airport Fly-In Doug Ward Owner Operator 715-287-4205 Lunch noon

SEPTEMBER 8-Newark Ohio-NewarkshyHeath Airport (VTA) Annual Fly-In DriveshyIn Breakfast Pancakes and More Young Eagles Flights Vintage Airplanes Classic Cars Tom McFadden 740-587shy2312 email EAA402adelphianet

SEPTEMBER 9-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-12pm For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

SEPTEMBER 21-22- Bartlesville OK-Frank Phillips Field (BVO) 51st Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-In Antiques Classics Light Sport Warbirds Forum Type Clubs Info Charlie Harris 918-622shy8400 wwwtulsafyincom

OCTOBER 5-7-Camden SC-Kershaw County Airport (KCDN) VAA Chapter 3 Fall Fly-In All classes welcome BBQ on field Fri Evening EAA judging all classes Sat Banquet Sat Nite Info Jim Wilson 843-753-7138 or eiwilson homexpresswaynet

OCTOBER 5-7-St Louis MO-Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) The Monocoupe Club Fly-In amp Reunion wwwmonocoupecom

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presented by Ecpse ~1aton n 8lt ford otor col1pa y

Page 25: PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATIONmembers.eaavintage.org/wp...Vol-35-No-6-June-2007.pdf · PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION . ... Flightline Safety Committee and their

One day we came to work

to find trucks backed up

to the hangar and Taylor

hauling away all the

Taylorcraft parts Batch of Shinn 800 x 4 wheelsjigs and fixtures

started the test flights First he taxied the plane up and down the runway then flew it the length of the runway just off the ground then made flights a bit higher and finally made circuits The plane flew very well but would not stall The CAA required proper recovery from a stall so Taylor worked on the horizontal tail surfaces so that a stall could be induced and the plane passed the CAA tests

Taylor was a design genius The CAA had just released a new-design wing curve and Taylor was the first I

ffi believe to use it The wing curve was ~ ~ faster and had a soft stall ~ This was the NACA 23012 airfoil z ~ Taylor once told the author that in

Fuselage structure 1935 he built a set of wings for the Cub using that airfoil but Piper veshytoed the change They were hanging on a wall when the Bradford factory burned in 1937

Shinn says I started an advertising campaign beginning with a very small ad in Aero Digest saying IISomething new is coming in Aviation The next ads told a little more People were very enthusiastic about the new plane It was much advanced over the Cub beshying faster with side-by-side seating and wheel controls Before long we had reshyceived down payments from over 50 customers $200 each as I recall This

ffi was due to correspondence with old ~ ~ Taylor Cub dealers and the Aero Dishy~ z gest ad In a 1992 interview Bob UJ

Taylor eGs son confirmed thisWing details He remembered his father waking

24 JUNE 2007

First A-40 run-up May 1936

him up one night in Butler and showing him $10000 in down payments

The first ad appeared in the February issue of Aero Digest and is shown on this page A later ad showed a photo of the plane but since no plane had been comshypleted at that time it was actually a snapshot of a model CG Taylor built on his kitchen table First the new trademark Taylorcraft was used but when Beechcraft threatened legal action claiming Taylorcraft sounded too much like Beechcraft the ads were changed to read Airplanes by GG Taylor However they resumed us-

CG Taylor and a Model ATaylorcraft 1936

ing the Taylorcraft name after sevshyeral months

Shinn continues D Bar Peat was always trying to promote the plane On Sundays they would put on an air show at the Butler airport and 200 to 300 people would atshytend Som e way he got the Taylorshycraft to lead the way when all the planes taxied by the grandstand at the Cleveland Air Races

Meanwhile in the hangar facshytory the prototype plane was beshying rushed to completion but not fast enough to suit Taylor He

once told the author I was away ~ from the plant for three days havshyo ~ ing given instructions to complete sect the engine mount When I returned

it was not done I hung the engine in the right place with a chain hoist we

cut the tubing to (it and it was done in an hour On May 1 the Continental A-40 engine SIN 635

was run up for the first time then on May 8 Taylor signed an application for an experimental certificate Only eight days later on Saturday May 16 CAA inshyspector RA Young witnessed the test flight and issued certificate X-16393 to the first Taylorcraft SIN 25 Apshyproximately three months had elapsed from the time construction was started until the new plane was airshyborne A remarkable achievement

It was a beautiful plane sleek and streamlined a far VINTAGE AIRPLANE 25

Test flight of the first Taylorcraft May 1936

1 rryen~~A1~~~ )~ ~- shyITS A - -=- (=- = --- I FAF

BEAUTY 51495middot00-----shy~GRACEFULLY CONTINENTAL

STREAMLINED - - _ MOTOR

C G TAYL O R bull PlttsburqhmiddotBuUer Airport bull Bu tler Penna

April 1936 ad in Aero Digest

cry from Taylors boxy square-cornered E-2 Cub With side-by-side seating and wheel controls it rivaled much larger more expensive planes such as the Waco and Stinson Weight had been kept to a minimum the proshytotype weighed only 570 pounds It was much faster than the Cub The first prospective customers who flew the plane verified the advertised cruising speed of 80 mph In a race with two locals an Aeronca C-3 and a Kinner Fleet the Taylorcraft won easily

The investors at Butler were elated With nearly 100 orders and down payments received for their new plane they envisioned a rapid production buildup and the prospects of a thriving profitable enterprise Their faith however had been misplaced

Shinn continues But unknown to D Bar Peat and me Taylor had been talking to others about financing and a place to manufacture the plane One day we came to work to find trucks backed up to the hangar and Taylor haulshying away all the Taylorcraft parts jigs and fixtures They moved to Alliance Ohio where they got one years free rent on a large old airplane factory financing and tax breaks D Bar Peat and I retained a lawyer to try to get back our inshyvestment eventually getting back some shares ofTaylorcraft 26 JUNE 2007

stock instead of money And Piper quit buying my wheels and switched to Hayes

Happily Taylor and Shinn soon put their legal difshyferences behind them and remained good friends and business associates for many years

Shinn was not alone in his disappointment when the unexpected move came Scholter was out of a job In 1992 he made this comment They left Butler owing me almost a months pay which I never got But they did give me a very nice letter of recommendation

The Alliance Review newspaper proudly announced the arrival of the new aircraft enterprise in its July 9 1936 edition But that is a story for another day

Authors note When researching my book The Taylorcraft Story in

1992 I was privileged to personally interview four prishymary information sources regarding the Butler Pennshysylvania events eG Taylor Bob Taylor Ken Scholter and Byron Shinn The history above was taken from those interviews and contemporary newspaper articles

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LIN COL N MERCURY

EXTRA The Butler Manufacturing Co NL-I3 biplane

The March 2007 Mystery Plane is the 1932 Butler Manufacturing Co NL-13 biplane designed by Albin Kasper Longren (sometimes simply reshyferred to as the Longren NL-13)

AK Longren had a very long and interesting aviation career Born in a log cabin near Clay Center Kansas in 1882 he was the one of 14 children born to Swedish immigrant homeshystead farmers Charles and Emma Lonshygren In 1901 he took a business course from the International Corresponshydence School (ICS) which he followed up with an ICS diploma in mechanical engineering from 1907-1911

Longrens interest in aviation beshygan with his observations of Henry L Call in 1908 Call originally a New York lawyer author and socialist had moved to Girard Kansas in February of 1908 in order to construct a large and ungainly flying machine powered by two 20-hp Curtiss B-4 engines Known as the Mayfly and The Chicken (among other colorful names) the airshycraft failed to fly despite modification Call enjoyed the support of the nashytional socialist newspaper An Appeal to Reason and constructed several aircraft under the aegis of The Aerial Navigashytion Company of America starting in 1908 before the company changed its name

Beginning in 1911 Call manushyfactured two-cylinder and fourshycylinder horizontally opposed air-cooled engines which h e marshyketed to would-be aviators through

28 JUNE 2007

BY WESLEY SMITH

advertisements (primarily in Aircraft and Fly magazines published by Alshyfred W Lawson of 1920 Lawson Airshyliner fame) The two-cylinder Call was rated at 45 hp and the four-cylshyinder engine was rated at 90 hp Call engines were among the first aircraft engine to be fitted with mufflers an individual muffler being attached to the exhaust port of each cylinder

With his brother EJ Longren and a mechanic named William Janeke Longren constructed a Curtiss-type pusher biplane in Topeka Kansas Beshygun in the summer of 1910 the Toshypeka I was not completed until the fall of 1911 Fitted with a 60-hp Hall-Scott A-2 a water-cooled V-8 the Topeka I became the first successful aircraft to be completed in the state of Kansas Longren made his first flight on Sepshytember 2 and on September 5 1911 he made two flights the first flight reaching about 225 feet in altitude and covering 15 miles and the secshyond reaching about 300 feet and covshyering six miles

Of course Longren was only one of numerous individuals who built Curtiss-type pushers Plans for early Herring-Curtiss machines were pubshylished in Aeronautics and other aviashytion periodicals as well as in books With some individual alterations many such aircraft were built in the United States prior to Americas entry into World War 1

At any rate Longren soon went into the exhibition business with

H Young renaming the Topeka I as the Dixie Flyer The words Dixie Flyer - AK Longren - Aviator were painted on the underside of the Topeka IDishyxie Flyers monoplane canard Between 1911 and 1914 Longren gave 1372 exhibition flights in Kansas Texas Oklahoma Nebraska and Colorado for the Young Aviation Co

In 1912 Longren built a second Curshytiss-type with a Hall-Scott A-2 This airshycraft incorporated the improvements Curtiss had made to his newer aircraft during 1911-1912 and in due course the mid-gap ailerons were moved to the trailing edges of the upper wing This aircraft was sold to Longrens forshymer student and friend Phil Billard who used it to give exhibition flights This aircraft sometimes known as the Topeka II was presented to the Kansas State Historical Society in 1938 where it still exists as a display

In the spring of 1914 Longren took time to marry Ms Dolly Trent Later that winter (1914-1915) Longren built his first entirely original aircraft design - a two-place tractor biplane again seshylecting the reliable Hall-Scott as the powerplant During an exhibition at the Dickson County Fair at Abilene on September 9 1915 the aircraft stalled on takeoff and was destroyed hitting an automobile that was leaving the fairshygrounds Longrens passenger was relashytively unscathed but Longren suffered a broken leg and several internal injuries

While recovering from his injushyries in early 1916 Longren with Phil

Billard began the construction of his fourth aircraft the Model G The Model G was a clean two-place tractor biplane with a strong resemblance to a Curtiss IN-4 In fact it was powered by a Curtiss OX-2 and was intended for sale to the warring European powers However only two were sold one to the Kansas National Guard the other being used for exhibition flights

Late in the year Longren built a small tractor biplane sometimes reshyferred to as the Longren Bus The conshystruction featured a three-ply wooden monocoque fuselage and was built for William Burt of Okmulgee Oklahoma A second machine was constructed for Lester Miller of Dallas Texas who inshytended to use the aircraft for aerobatic exhibitions By late 1917 Longren had moved on to another two-place design known as the Model H As in the case of the earlier Longren Bus the Model H used a wooden monocoque fuselage The Model H was powered by a Curshytiss 90-hp OX-5 engine unfortunately while on his way to Kansas City Misshysouri Longren suffered an engine failshyure near Wakarusa Kansas The aircraft was destroyed in a crash which proved fatal to a cow standing in the field in which Longren was forced down He was made to pay $10000 in restitution to the angry farmer After that interest in the Model H faded away

Late in 1917 Longren became involved with Frederick W Buck MD ME and applied for a posishytion as chief engineer with the Buck Aircraft and Munitions Co of Denshyver To what extent Longren became involved with Dr Buck is unknown Buck (a long with Elmer Sperry and later Charles F Kettering at DaytonshyWright) had plans to develop and sell an aerial torpedo - essentially a small 50-hp biplane cruise misshysile which was intended to fly on a preprogrammed course then shed its wings at the proper time and place depositing a bomb contained within the crude fuselage framework

Longrens career took another path after his debacle with the Model H After failing to establish a new airshycraft company in Overland Park Kansas Longren eventually took a

position at McCook Field as an airshycraft inspector The Great War had cost Longrens friend Phil Billard his life when he was killed in a flying accident while serving in Issoudun France Longrens position at McshyCook had allowed him the opportushynity to examine every domestic and foreign-built aircraft tested there unshytil the time of his departure in 1919 On June 17 1919 Longren formed the Longren Aircraft Corp in Topeka Kansas using a former woolen mill in the Oakland suburb as the site for the new corporation The first aircraft to come out of the plant was the rebuilt Model H now resurrected as the H-2 It is unclear as to how the H-2 differed from the earlier Model H but by midshy1920 Longren had gone in yet another direction with the construction of the two-place Model D-2 - a small aircraft powered by a three-cylinder Y conshyfiguration Lawrence Model B engine of 35-60 hp Within a year the D-2 had evolved to become the Longren Model AK Sport

Described in the pages of Aviashy

tion and Aerial Age Weekly (Volume 11 Number 12 Sept 291921 pages 336-337 and Volume 14 Numshyber 3 Sept 26 1921 pages 55-56 respectively) the two-place Longren Sport or Fibre Sport was a sensational design that incorporated the three-ply laminated wooden monocoque fuseshylage of the 1916 Longren Bus and the 1917 Model H and a set of folding biplane wings to facilitate storage It is unclear as to how the fuselage of the Sport may have differed from earshylier Longren monocoque construcshytion techniques if at all

However a 1925 Longren patent describes the use of diamond-shaped wood fibre shell (procured from the National Fibre Co) being covered with an additional two layers of wood laminations on either side The fushyselage was made in upper and lower halves using steam-pipe-heated conshycrete male and female molds clamped together using 6000 pounds of presshysure The sections were then trimmed and dried with special provision for humidity control before being joined

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 29

to a framework of grooved ash longeshyrons and formers The fuselage formshyers were made of three-ply materials engine-bearing formers were made of a seven-ply material The formers were in turn attached to the fuseshylage shells with screws Finally the fushyselage was varnished inside and out with Valspar varnish the exterior reshyceiving a coat of pigmented varnish before a final clear coat

Sold with both Lawrence Model Lshy2 three-cylinder Y-style and Anzani sixshycylinder radial engines the Longren Fibre Sport was flown in several notashyble Midwestern aviation events during the early 1920s During the American Legion Air Meet at Kansas City (Octoshyber 31 - November 3 1921) the Sport made 38 consecutive loops while being flown by ND Trinler Two Sports were also flown during a special efficiency race held at Omaha Nebraska on Noshyvember 11 An AK Sport again flown by Trinler placed second with a speed of 7791 mph when flown over a 153shymile triangular course Later that Noshyvember two AK Sports were placed at the disposal of the Kansas City Star to deliver newspapers from Kansas City to Lawrence Kansas in record time During a game between the Missouri Tigers and the Kansasjayhawks a teleshygraph wired a play-by-play account of the football game to the Stars office The newspapers were then promptly set printed and delivered via aircraft to the Lawrence street vendors beshyfore departing fans were even able to reach their homes

After establishing a climb record for Longren aircraft in 1922 the Longren Sport attracted the attention of customshyers from as far away as China and the Soviet Union In 1923 the US Navy became interested and on February 19 1924 Lt jB Kneip flew the accepshytance tests for the first of three Lonshygren AK Sports that were sold to the Navy (serial numbered A6745 through A6747) The first machine was shipped to Washington DC for testing at the Anacostia Naval Air Station while the other two were delivered to Pensacola However documentation of their subshysequent testing and use by the Navy remains elusive

30 JUNE 2007

Photos of Longren Sports and the later NL-13 show the distinctive Lonshygren company logo painted on the side of the fuselage and perhaps a few words need to be said about it This consisted of four capital ilLs joined at the top of each letter This formed a crux gammata or swastika although the direction the letters pointed was counter-clockshywise as opposed the symbols use on aircraft flown by Nazi Germany in which the bottom of the ilLs point in a clockwise direction Prior to its adoption by the Nazi Party this ancient symbol was seen as far afield at the Southwestshyern United States where it was a sacred symbol of Native Americans and in Inshydia and in Runic Europe During The Great War the Indian head emblem of Seaplane Pilots Association (SPA) 124 included a crux gammata as part of the headdress worn by the Native Amerishycan chief tan In its time and place it was considered as a symbol of good forshytune and was in no way considered to be an insult In fact after World War I Finland adopted a grayish-blue crux

gammata inscribed within a white circle as the national insignia for its aircraft In Longrens case the ilL was inscribed with a second ilL and the rest of the letters in Longrens surname In addishytion to that a circular logo and was placed at the center of the emblem to which a set of wings and a propeller reached out to a point near the tips of the ilLs So as it turns out the Lonshygren swastika was covered by what might roughly be considered a crux

immissa or crucifix Longren had no connections to fascist idealism The company logo which originated in the Midwest in the early 20s was simply a clever play on the primary letter in Longrens surname

No matter how good an aircraft the Longren Sport was the company could not survive on such limited orders and the last aircraft was sold in May of 1924 The remaining company assets patents and facilities were sold at an auction in March 1926 The Longren Sport was resurrected briefly in 1928 when the American Eagle Aircraft Corporation of Kansas City Missouri built a solitary aircraft as the Model A-429 However the aircraft was much different than the

original Longren Sport and the design was not pursued further Following the collapse of his company Longren was hired by Willis Brown to become viceshypresident of production at the Spartan Aircraft Co in Tulsa When Brown left in 1929 Longren also moved on to beshycome a design consultant at the Butshyler Manufacturing Co at Kansas City Butler had planned to manufacture the Butler Blackhawk biplane However the company was unable to do this and all manufacturing was halted in 1931 At this pOint Longren made a deal to build a new airplane -- the NL-13

Registered as X12538 and sporting the distinctive Longren fuselage logo the NL-13 (NL possibly standing for New Longren) fuselage was built usshying a new machine-forming method for heat-treated duralumin sheets The upper and lower fuselage halves of the 1932 NL-13 biplane were joined to T-shaped longerons and riveted toshygether Fuselage formers also made of liT cross-section were riveted to the halves creating a very strong duralushymin semi-monocoque fuselage Like the earlier Longren AK the NL-13 had twin side-by-side seating The powerplant of the aircraft was a Martin 333 of 120 hp With the exception of the wing spars the NL-13 was of all-metal construction the wings being fabric covered

The aircraft was first tested by George Gay in August of 1932 At that time Gay worked for the aeronautics branch of the Civil Aeronautics Administrashytion (CAA) The aircraft was found to be slightly tail-heavy This was cured by a slight stabilizer adjustment The engine also suffered from a slight overshyheating problem This was corrected by enlarging the cooling louvers and subshystituting the original propeller with anshyother type

The NL-13 had a span of 28 feet and a length of 22 feet Apparently the goal of the NL-13 was to obtain a military contract After further testing at Roosshyevelt Field Long Island New York the fuselage of the NL-13 was sold to the United States Army Air Corps and underwent stress evaluation at Wright Field Dayton OhiO in june 1933 After slight modification to some of the stiff-

continued on page 37

Flying to me is all about having fun Its grass strips and old

friends and old airplanes The folks at AUA understand my kind

of flying and my kind of airplanes They provide great service

at very good rates and they know me as an individual not just

a policy number

- Darrell Jenkins

Dan-ell Jenkins Heber Springs AR

bull Private pilot single-engine land and sea

bull 500 hours total shy300 in taildraggers

bull Current aircraft 1948 Ercoupe 415-E

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continued from page 3

EAA Seeks to Preserve Access to Repair Station Services

EAA cautions that proposed aircraft repair station certification regulations could harm many small general aviashytion shops and adversely affect airshycraft owners seeking to maintain the airworthiness of their aircraft

The FAA estimates the cost for deshyveloping and implementing a new quality system called for by the proshyposed regulations at $34500 per reshypair station Many small operations cannot afford such an expense and it could force some to close their doors

We fear that these requirements would ultimately result in diminshyished availability of qualified and experienced maintenance expertise especially for the vintage fleet said Earl Lawrence EAA vice president of industry and regulatory affairs Airshycraft owners could be forced to use maintenance facilities with less speshycialized experience on their aircraft type making it more difficult to comshyplete major repairs and changes to small aircraft potentially impacting safety as well

EAA also questions the feasibility of requiring repair stations to mainshytain an approved capability list for each make series and model of airshycraft its permitted to work on Many small operators often inspect and maintain virtually hundreds of airshycraft types creating an administrashytive nightmare

EAA is willing to discuss how the FAA could best address its quality concerns while ensuring the ownshyers of small aircraft continue to have ready access to repair station services One suggestion EAA proposed is to exempt or lessen requirements for smaller shops with fewer than a given number of employees

EAAs full comments can be found at wwwEAAorgcommunications eaanewsRepa ir_Station_NPRM_Draftpdf The notice of proposed rulemaking is at httpDMSESDOTgovdocimages pdf99431749_webpdf 32 JUNE 2007

Young Eagle 13 Million Hails From New Mexico

Arlene Martinez in the right seat with volunteer Young Eagles pilot Paul Rachels

The EAA Young Eagles program the worlds most successful youth aviation initiative ever has registered the 13-millionth Young Eagle flown She is Arlene Martinez age 12 of Yuma Arizona who took her flight on March 17 at Somerton Airport (54AZ) in a Cessna 170 piloted by Paul Rachels EAA 633950 Rachels is president and Young Eagles coordinator for Yuma EAA Chapter 590

Arlene was very enthusiastic said Rachels who has flown 123 Young Eagles She definitely enjoyed the flight and would like to do it again He always gets a kick out of how kids react to their special flights Its as incredible an experience

for me as it is for them and I have 700 hours of flight time Steve Buss EAA Young Eagles executive director called it another important

milestone for the program which this year marks its 15th anniversary year-the birthday will be marked at AirVenture this year Its wonderful to recognize Paul and Arlenes flight but we also applaud the outstanding continuing support and enthusiasm for Young Eagles by our members We extend our congratulations to all who have helped the program reach this unprecedented level of participation

Nominations Due June 15 for EAA Young Eagles Awards Each year EAA honors several special volunteers at EAA AirVenture with the

annual Young Eagles awards and theres still time to nominate a deserving pershyson for 2007

Nominations for the following awards are being accepted through June 15

bull Chapter Coordinator bull Field Representative bull Ground Support Volunteer bull Young Eagles Humanitarian (presented for efforts to reach special needs

Young Eagles) bull Young Eagles Horizon Award (recognizing efforts to go beyond the basic

Young Eagles flight) Awards will be presented at a special ceremony held at EAA AirVenture Museshy

ums Eagle Hangar on Wednesday July 25 To download the official nomination form visit wwwYoungEaglesorgvolunteersaward_nominationpdf

BY BUCK HILBERT

The very beginning of airworthiness certificates pilot certificates

For many years Ive talked and writshy barnstormers and promote some ten about the beginnings of the Aero order and safety to their flying It had Club of America (ACA) now known one other side effect No record atshyas the National Aeronautic Associashy tempt or air show (or air meet as they tion (NAA) Ive explained how this were called back then) could be staged pioneer era appointed Orville Wright without the approval of the Aero as the chairman of the Contest amp Reshy Club which was affiliated with the cords Board and how a pilot registrashy international governing body the Feshytion program came into being deration Aeronautique Internationale

The World War I pilots returning (FAI) The contestant was required to home were barnstorming and othershy be a member of the Aero Club which wise doing their best to make a living then issued a certification to the pishyin aviation That led to attempts to lot Hence the FAlSporting License register and somehow civilize these old-timers would show was signed by

Certifying Aircraft and Pilots

AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATE IauecI to VIlICElll ASTOR Arw 23 W 26th Sl BYCit shy

m~ts CnltiUs that the Aircraft described below has been Inspected and found AiruIo~ for daylight llyin on AJIlI 0VEIl WUER OKLY

For the Fl)1nA Season of 1922 ~- ~-=l1=~== Cmlampato NJiI~_ _ -- UND ElV1UTEIS~OIlIS Iae

o o-_pmiIyenr3~J__I922 III _ - ~ t

_ _ Mri N=A1fefJ~mATE WAmR AmClWr _ _______ 1 - PQRIlrASRDWTCJN l T bull Y

N_- 01 AlOft to 5 M- 1-1 AJkwL c 9on MuwLOEBDIG AERO ElIGR C~IIoTNo 23-t SodoIH9~iF--__ 0- 30 pr 3 I~ _ 42 PT 6 U __ n 8 Pr _ 2700 4100 II UMIwI 1400 shy_ 130 M _Cd 20000 hlln_H_ 2S_ _ T LIBRRrY I I OBE __ US 32230 __ Do 5 000 - JfAJlJODS JULY 7 1922

Orville Wright It was a requirement of the federal government No federal requirement for a pilots certificate would come into being until the Air Commerce Act gave that authority and responsibility to the Department of Commerce on May 20 1926

In all of the information Ive read on the early days of the ACA later the NAA there was never any menshytion of aircraft standards or airworshythiness certificates I never quesshytioned it and as a matter of fact I never gave it a thought

Then along comes friend and Vinshytage member Mitch Wohl from Barrington Illinois and he drops two books on my desk The first one I picked up was titled A Symbol of Safety This book was first published in 1923 and tells all about the foundshying of the Underwriters Laboratories (UL) Reprinted in 1995 it goes into great detail as to the history of UL I found it very interesting

The second book published on the 100th anniversary of Underwritshyers Laboratories in 1994 amplifies a bit of the material that was pub-

This airworthiness certificate was issued by an Underwriters Laborashytories inspector Maj J W Jones who deemed the Loening Air Yacht of Vincent Astor to be in airworthy condishytion It is restricted to dayligbt flying and over water only Heres a photo of its sister ship from the 1922 Airshycraft Yearbook

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 3 3

Loening monoplane Flying Yacht 100 hp Liberty engine which made a world record for aHitude with three passengers and pilot 19500 feet

lished in the 1923 book Its entire theme is Making the World Safe for Technology What a revelation both regarding the organization s history in general and its involveshyment in aviation

The real beginnings were at the 1893 Worlds Fair at the Great White City in Chicago The Electricity Building had frequent visits by the fire brigade in response to the new alshyternating current electricity displays catching fire and causing problems It was then that William Henry Merrill began his testing lab which proved

electricity could be a servant rather than a master

Our only function is to serve not to profit We are doing someshything for manufacturers buyers and property owners everywhere We are doing things for humanity was a direct quote from Merrill This was the beginning of the lab The lab was funded by corporations that wanted their products tested as well as by the insurance underwriters themselves

From 1893 through 1905 the budshyget expanded from a mere $3000 to more than $300000 During that

The book goes into

great detail

as to physical

standards for

airmen There were

all sorts of tests

for altitude tolerance

fatigue and eyesight

and their standards

specify annual physicals

rAiLW~eeL5

srlINSON 15 JOCII~Y

34 JUNE 2007

time more than 7500 reports were published the lab moved to larger quarters it was chartered in Illinois and the landmark inspection and label service was established Within two years UL inspectors were at work in 67 citshyies UL got into everything electrical fire prevention fire extinguishers automobiles oil and gasses and transportashytion as well Thats where we come in airplanes

When the first commercial airplane takes off here in the USA in the 20s UL registers airplanes certifies pilots and issues the now rather quaint-sounding Rules of the Air

Im getting ahead of the full story but in a nutshell the National Aircraft Underwriters Association proposed and requested UL become the custodian of the official register of all aircraft pilots (other than government pilots) and take full charge of all details connected therewith

UL undertook this branch of the work on July I 1921 The book goes into great detail as to physical stanshy

dards for airmen There were all sorts of tests for altitude tolerance fatigue and eyesight and their standards specify annual physicals

No wonder the early birds were considered supermen The next step was to create a register of commercial and private aircraft On May I 1922 UL began a nationwide inspection service in order to make it possible to issue cershytificates of airworthiness for individual aircraft The details of the inspections and the people employed to conduct them is an early Whos Who in aviation The inspections were very stringent and as demanding for the aircraft as they were for the pilots

And that dear friends is the story of the first airworshythiness certificates They were all issued long before the Department of Commerce became involved and of course long before the creation of the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) and the Federal Aviation Administration

Little by little the freedoms of flight have been whittled down and the myriad of Federal Aviation Regulations we live with came about but here fellow pilots and aircraft owners was the very beginning and it was the insurance people who started it all I(

Over to you (( ~((~

~ Call to order your copies today

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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 35

BY HG FRAUTSCHY

THIS MONTHS MYSTERY PLANE PHOTO IS A BIT OF A MULLIGAN FOR THOSE OF YOU

WHO HAVE ENJOYED L1GHTPLANES FOR A NUMBER OF YEARS STILL NOT MUCH IS PUBLISHED ABOUT THIS RATHER ATTRACTIVE AMPHIBIAN

Send your answer to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box You can also send your response via e-mail Send 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Your answer needs your answer to mysteryplaneeaaorg Be sure to include to be in no later than July 15 for inclusion in the your name city and state in the body of your note and September 2007 issue of Vintage Airplane put I(Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line

MARCH S MYSTERY ANSWER

36 J UN E 2007

nology olph Dope

Heres a little about the March Mystery Plane

The subject Mystery Plane apshypears to be the Longren NL-13 sin 2 X12538 built in 1932 by Albin K Longren (1882-1950) in Kansas City Missouri Longren had been a design consultant for Butler Manushyfacturing Co during the certificashytion of the Butler Blackhawk and built the NL-13 in the Butler facility with help from Butler employees Butler had ceased production by that time in the depths of the Great Depression The NL-13 had an allshy

wing spars and the fabric wing covshyering The engine was a 120-hp Marshytin 333 inve rted inline with four cylinders The X12538 was the only NL-13 built and was not successful in reaching production although it was an ea rly example of formed alushyminum aircraft structures

My information comes from Aeroshyfilescom and from Chuck (Charles E) Lebrechts fine article entitled AK Longren - Pioneer Airman of the West published in American Aviation Historishycal Society Journal Vol26 No4 Winshyter 1981 pp258-270 Lebrechts article gives a great vjew of Longrens career as an aircraft designer and manufacturer

Jack Erickson State College Pennsylvania Other correct answers were reshy

ceived from WaIt House Wichshyita Kansas George Otto Snook Monroe Michigan John Miller Wamego Kansas Cam Bla ze r Leawood Kansas An extensive arshyticle on the airplane and AK Lonshygren written by Wesley Smith is also included in this issue of Vinshytage Airplane

metal airframe except for wooden 1---------------------------------shy

eners and bulkheads the NL-13 fuselage had a safety factor able to absorb 1683g

ahead of the center of gravity (CG) and 11g aft of the CG

This made the fuselage of the NL-13 considerably stronger than that of the Stearman YBT-3 Boeing P-26A Conshysolidated P-30 and Boeing P-12B with which it was compared the YBT-3 having a maximum g-Ioading potential of 109

both fore and aft of the CG While the reshyport recommended the possible adoption of Longrens construction techniques orshyders for the NL-13 were not forthcoming and no further examples were built

With the demise of Butler Longren went to work for himself using a porshytion of the former Butler factory at the Kansas City Municipal Airport In 1933-34 Longren did the initial metal work on the Luscombe Phantom and developed metal-working techniques with his partner Ivan Driggs Plans for opening another aircraft factory were put on hold when Cessn a reopened their Wichita Kansas facility in 1934 for production of the Cessna C-34 Cessna hired Longren as vjce-president a posishy

tion that he held until 1939 when he moved to Torrance California to open the Longren Aircraft Company

While Longren built no further airshycraft he became a successful subconshytractor of prefabricated components for other aircraft manufacturers After the end of World War II Longren sold his company and retired to a 3OOO-acre ranch at Adin Ca lifornia where he passed away due to a heart condition on Nov 19 1950 at age 68

The defini tive Longren article was written by Mr Charles E Lebrecht and was published in the Winter 1981 edishytion of the American Aviation Historical Society Journal (Volume 26 Number 4 pages 258-270) I am indebted to Mr Lebrechts excellent research for the inshyformation in this piece Further informashytion on AK Longren can be found in the pages of Aviation Quarterly (Mace Kenshyneth D Pioneer Airmen ofKansas Volshyume 5 Number 2 Second Quarter 1979 pages 152-163) Mr Maces article is also quite well-written and contains severshyal beautiful photos of Longrens aircraft as well as the 1908 Call Mayfly

VINTAGE A I RPLANE 37

The fo llowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter of information only and does not constishytute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed To submit an event send the information via mail to Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Or e-mail the information to vintageaircrafteaaorg Information should be received four months prior to the event date

JUNE S-IO-Union IL-Poplar Grove Airport Army Wings and Wheels Info Vintage Wings amp Wheels Museum 815-547middot3115 Tom Murray hiwheelsbcglobalnet

JUNE 14-17-St Louis MO-Dauster Flying Field Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) American Waco Club Flymiddotln Info Phil Coulson 269shy624-6490 or rcoulson516cscom www americanwacoclubcom

JUNE 20-2l--Lock Haven PA-William T Piper Memorial Airport (LHV) Sentimental Journey Fly-In Family oriented fly-in featuring antique and classic aircraft of all makes and models especially PIPERS Seminars vendors food camping and entertainment daily Come for the day or the week Call 570-893-4200 or 748shy5123 for more information j3cubkcnet org wwwsentimentaljourneyfly-incom

JUNE 21-24-Mt Vernon Ohio-Wynkoop Airport (6G4) 48th Annual National Waco Club Reunion Check www nationalwacoclubcom for more information and contact information Or email call Andy Heins 937 313 5931 wacoasoaolcom

JUNE 22-24-Gardner KA-Gardner Municipal Airport (K34) Greater KC VAA Chapter 16 Fly-in Contact Kevin Pratt 816-985-3248

JUNE 23-Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

JUNE 30-Chetek WI-The Chetek WI (Y23) 9AM car show craft fair and show a professional horse pull and a water ski show Plenty of food and drink available throughout the day For more info contact Chuck Harrison 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet or Tim Knutson 715-237shy2477 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

JUNE 31-Russellville KY- Russellville-Logan County Airport (4M7) 9th Annual All You Can Eat BarBQ Lunch 1100am - 200pm Rain Date July 5th Aircraft displays skydiving door prizes Everyone welcome For more information eaal165yahoo com wwwangelfirecom ky3 eaal165 Joe Lawrence 270-726-1558

JULY 4-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-llam For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

JULY 6-8--All iance Oh (2Dl)-Taylorcraft and Ohio Aeronca Aviators Fly-In See the airplanes built in Alliance OH amp Middletown

38 JU N E 2007

OH and the people that built them Camping motels food all day fbarberalliancelinkcom 330823-1168 bwmatzllacyahoocom 216 337-5643 httpwwwoaafy-incom see wwwbarberaircraftcom for airport diagrams Breakfast served Sat amp Sun 7AM to 11AM by EM Chapter 82

JULY 14-Zanesville OH-Parr Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

AUGUST 5-Queen City MO-Applegate Airport (15MO) 20th Annual Watermelon Fly-In amp BBQ 2pm til dark Come and see grass roots aviation at its best Info 660-766-2644

AUGUST S-Chetek WI-Southworth Municipal airport (Y23) BBQ Fly-In 1030am Warbird displays antique and unique airplanes antique amp collector car displays and raffles for airplane rides Procedes will be given to local charities Info Chuck Harrison - Office 715-924shy4501 Cell 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet Tim Knutson - Home 715-237-2477 Cell 651-308-2839 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

AUGUST 17-19--McMinnville OR-25th Annual West Coast Travel Air Reunion Come Celebrate the Rebirth of the Travel Air Expected to be the largest gathering of Vintage Travel Airs in recent times Held in conjunction with the Northwest Antique Airplane Club Event Info Bruce McElhoe 559-638-3746

AUGUST 18--Forest Lake MN-(25D)-Airport Fly-in and Open House lOam - 4pm 24shyhour gas and 24-hour grass 3000-foot 31 13 Forest Lake Lions serve brats corn-ltgtn-the-cob and ice cream 100LL is available John Schmidt EM 250021 St Paul Minnesota 651 776 1717

AUGUST IS-I9-Long Island NY- Bayport (23N) Annual Antique Aeroplane Fly-In Old time movies popcorn pig roast flour bomb drop and spot landing contest with the days ending in the in famous Sheep Shagger Baa For more info wwwAACGNY org or email Stuart Bain at Sbain emediaofny com

AUGUST 19-Brookfield WI-Capitol Airport (02C) Ice Cream Social and vintage Aircraft Display VAA Chapter 11 Dean London 262-442-4622

AUGUST 2S-Niles MI-Jerry Tyler Memorial Airport (3TR) VAA Chapter 35 Annual Corn amp Sausage Roast Lunch served 1100am

to 300 pm Rain date on Sunday August 26th Donations of $500 for adults and $300 for children under 12 Contact Len Jansen tripacerlenyahoocom

SEPTEMBER I -Marion IN-Marion Municipal Airport (MZZ) 17th Annual Fly-In Cruise-In 700am until 200pm This annual event features antique classic homebuilt ultralight and warbird aircraft as well as vintage cars trucks motorcycles and tractors An all-you-can-eat Pancake Breakfast is served with all proceeds going to the local Marion High School Marching Band wwwFlylnCruiselncomlnfo Ray Johnson (765) 664-2588 or rjohnson indyrrcom

SEPTEMBER I -Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $2 50 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer Phone (740) 454-7487

SEPTEMBER 2-Mondovi WI-21st Annual Log Cabin Airport Fly-In Doug Ward Owner Operator 715-287-4205 Lunch noon

SEPTEMBER 8-Newark Ohio-NewarkshyHeath Airport (VTA) Annual Fly-In DriveshyIn Breakfast Pancakes and More Young Eagles Flights Vintage Airplanes Classic Cars Tom McFadden 740-587shy2312 email EAA402adelphianet

SEPTEMBER 9-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-12pm For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

SEPTEMBER 21-22- Bartlesville OK-Frank Phillips Field (BVO) 51st Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-In Antiques Classics Light Sport Warbirds Forum Type Clubs Info Charlie Harris 918-622shy8400 wwwtulsafyincom

OCTOBER 5-7-Camden SC-Kershaw County Airport (KCDN) VAA Chapter 3 Fall Fly-In All classes welcome BBQ on field Fri Evening EAA judging all classes Sat Banquet Sat Nite Info Jim Wilson 843-753-7138 or eiwilson homexpresswaynet

OCTOBER 5-7-St Louis MO-Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) The Monocoupe Club Fly-In amp Reunion wwwmonocoupecom

OCTOBER IO-I4-Tuliahoma TN- Beech Birthday Party 2007 Staggerwing Twin Beech 18 Bonanza Baron Beech ownersamp enthusiasts Info 931shy455-1974

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2007 MAJOR FLy-INS

For details on EM Chapter flymiddotins and other local avimiddot ation events visit wwweaaorgjevents

Golden West EAA Regional Ay-In

Yuba County Airport (MYV) Marysville CA

June 29middotJuly 1 2007 wwwGodenWestRynorg

Rocky Mountain EAA Regional AyJn Front Range Airport (FTG) Watkins CO

June 23-24 2007 wwwRMRRorg

Arlington EAA Ay-In

Arlington Municipal Airport (AWO) Arlington WA July 11-15 2007

wwwNWEAAorg

EAA AlrVenture Oshkosh

Something to buy sell or trade Classified Word Ads $550 per 10 words 180 words maximum with boldface

lead-in on first line

Classified Display Ads One column wide (2167 inches) by 1 2 or 3 inches

high at $20 per inch Black and white only and no frequency discounts

Advertising Closing Dates 10th of second month prior to desired issue date

(ie January 10 is the closing date for the March issue) VAA reserves the right

to reject any advertising in conflict with its policies Rates cover one insertion per

issue Classified ads are not accepted via phone Payment must accompany order

Word ads may be sent via fax (920-426-4828) or e-mail (cassadseaaorg) using

credit card payment (all cards accepted) Include name on card complete address

type of card card number and expiration date Make checks payable to EAA

Address advertising correspondence to EAA Publications Classified Ad Manager

PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086

MISCELLANEOUS BABBITT BEARING SERVICE - rod

Wittman Regional Airport (OSH) Oshkosh WI July 23-29 2007 wwwAirVentureorg

EAA Mld-Eastem Regional Ay-In Mansfield Lahm Airport Mansfield OH August 25-26 2007

httpMERR info

Virginia Regional EAA Ay-In

Dinwiddie County Airport (PTB) Petersburg VA October 6-7 2007 wwwVAEAAorg

EAA Southeast Regional Ay-In Middleton Field Airport (GZH) Evergreen AL October 12-14 2007 wwwSERRorg

Copperstate Regional EAA AyJn Casa Grande (Arizona) Municipal Airport (CGZ)

October 25-28 2007 wwwcopperstateorg

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~oNO~Y )JY 13

presented by Ecpse ~1aton n 8lt ford otor col1pa y

Page 26: PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATIONmembers.eaavintage.org/wp...Vol-35-No-6-June-2007.pdf · PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION . ... Flightline Safety Committee and their

First A-40 run-up May 1936

him up one night in Butler and showing him $10000 in down payments

The first ad appeared in the February issue of Aero Digest and is shown on this page A later ad showed a photo of the plane but since no plane had been comshypleted at that time it was actually a snapshot of a model CG Taylor built on his kitchen table First the new trademark Taylorcraft was used but when Beechcraft threatened legal action claiming Taylorcraft sounded too much like Beechcraft the ads were changed to read Airplanes by GG Taylor However they resumed us-

CG Taylor and a Model ATaylorcraft 1936

ing the Taylorcraft name after sevshyeral months

Shinn continues D Bar Peat was always trying to promote the plane On Sundays they would put on an air show at the Butler airport and 200 to 300 people would atshytend Som e way he got the Taylorshycraft to lead the way when all the planes taxied by the grandstand at the Cleveland Air Races

Meanwhile in the hangar facshytory the prototype plane was beshying rushed to completion but not fast enough to suit Taylor He

once told the author I was away ~ from the plant for three days havshyo ~ ing given instructions to complete sect the engine mount When I returned

it was not done I hung the engine in the right place with a chain hoist we

cut the tubing to (it and it was done in an hour On May 1 the Continental A-40 engine SIN 635

was run up for the first time then on May 8 Taylor signed an application for an experimental certificate Only eight days later on Saturday May 16 CAA inshyspector RA Young witnessed the test flight and issued certificate X-16393 to the first Taylorcraft SIN 25 Apshyproximately three months had elapsed from the time construction was started until the new plane was airshyborne A remarkable achievement

It was a beautiful plane sleek and streamlined a far VINTAGE AIRPLANE 25

Test flight of the first Taylorcraft May 1936

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BEAUTY 51495middot00-----shy~GRACEFULLY CONTINENTAL

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C G TAYL O R bull PlttsburqhmiddotBuUer Airport bull Bu tler Penna

April 1936 ad in Aero Digest

cry from Taylors boxy square-cornered E-2 Cub With side-by-side seating and wheel controls it rivaled much larger more expensive planes such as the Waco and Stinson Weight had been kept to a minimum the proshytotype weighed only 570 pounds It was much faster than the Cub The first prospective customers who flew the plane verified the advertised cruising speed of 80 mph In a race with two locals an Aeronca C-3 and a Kinner Fleet the Taylorcraft won easily

The investors at Butler were elated With nearly 100 orders and down payments received for their new plane they envisioned a rapid production buildup and the prospects of a thriving profitable enterprise Their faith however had been misplaced

Shinn continues But unknown to D Bar Peat and me Taylor had been talking to others about financing and a place to manufacture the plane One day we came to work to find trucks backed up to the hangar and Taylor haulshying away all the Taylorcraft parts jigs and fixtures They moved to Alliance Ohio where they got one years free rent on a large old airplane factory financing and tax breaks D Bar Peat and I retained a lawyer to try to get back our inshyvestment eventually getting back some shares ofTaylorcraft 26 JUNE 2007

stock instead of money And Piper quit buying my wheels and switched to Hayes

Happily Taylor and Shinn soon put their legal difshyferences behind them and remained good friends and business associates for many years

Shinn was not alone in his disappointment when the unexpected move came Scholter was out of a job In 1992 he made this comment They left Butler owing me almost a months pay which I never got But they did give me a very nice letter of recommendation

The Alliance Review newspaper proudly announced the arrival of the new aircraft enterprise in its July 9 1936 edition But that is a story for another day

Authors note When researching my book The Taylorcraft Story in

1992 I was privileged to personally interview four prishymary information sources regarding the Butler Pennshysylvania events eG Taylor Bob Taylor Ken Scholter and Byron Shinn The history above was taken from those interviews and contemporary newspaper articles

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LIN COL N MERCURY

EXTRA The Butler Manufacturing Co NL-I3 biplane

The March 2007 Mystery Plane is the 1932 Butler Manufacturing Co NL-13 biplane designed by Albin Kasper Longren (sometimes simply reshyferred to as the Longren NL-13)

AK Longren had a very long and interesting aviation career Born in a log cabin near Clay Center Kansas in 1882 he was the one of 14 children born to Swedish immigrant homeshystead farmers Charles and Emma Lonshygren In 1901 he took a business course from the International Corresponshydence School (ICS) which he followed up with an ICS diploma in mechanical engineering from 1907-1911

Longrens interest in aviation beshygan with his observations of Henry L Call in 1908 Call originally a New York lawyer author and socialist had moved to Girard Kansas in February of 1908 in order to construct a large and ungainly flying machine powered by two 20-hp Curtiss B-4 engines Known as the Mayfly and The Chicken (among other colorful names) the airshycraft failed to fly despite modification Call enjoyed the support of the nashytional socialist newspaper An Appeal to Reason and constructed several aircraft under the aegis of The Aerial Navigashytion Company of America starting in 1908 before the company changed its name

Beginning in 1911 Call manushyfactured two-cylinder and fourshycylinder horizontally opposed air-cooled engines which h e marshyketed to would-be aviators through

28 JUNE 2007

BY WESLEY SMITH

advertisements (primarily in Aircraft and Fly magazines published by Alshyfred W Lawson of 1920 Lawson Airshyliner fame) The two-cylinder Call was rated at 45 hp and the four-cylshyinder engine was rated at 90 hp Call engines were among the first aircraft engine to be fitted with mufflers an individual muffler being attached to the exhaust port of each cylinder

With his brother EJ Longren and a mechanic named William Janeke Longren constructed a Curtiss-type pusher biplane in Topeka Kansas Beshygun in the summer of 1910 the Toshypeka I was not completed until the fall of 1911 Fitted with a 60-hp Hall-Scott A-2 a water-cooled V-8 the Topeka I became the first successful aircraft to be completed in the state of Kansas Longren made his first flight on Sepshytember 2 and on September 5 1911 he made two flights the first flight reaching about 225 feet in altitude and covering 15 miles and the secshyond reaching about 300 feet and covshyering six miles

Of course Longren was only one of numerous individuals who built Curtiss-type pushers Plans for early Herring-Curtiss machines were pubshylished in Aeronautics and other aviashytion periodicals as well as in books With some individual alterations many such aircraft were built in the United States prior to Americas entry into World War 1

At any rate Longren soon went into the exhibition business with

H Young renaming the Topeka I as the Dixie Flyer The words Dixie Flyer - AK Longren - Aviator were painted on the underside of the Topeka IDishyxie Flyers monoplane canard Between 1911 and 1914 Longren gave 1372 exhibition flights in Kansas Texas Oklahoma Nebraska and Colorado for the Young Aviation Co

In 1912 Longren built a second Curshytiss-type with a Hall-Scott A-2 This airshycraft incorporated the improvements Curtiss had made to his newer aircraft during 1911-1912 and in due course the mid-gap ailerons were moved to the trailing edges of the upper wing This aircraft was sold to Longrens forshymer student and friend Phil Billard who used it to give exhibition flights This aircraft sometimes known as the Topeka II was presented to the Kansas State Historical Society in 1938 where it still exists as a display

In the spring of 1914 Longren took time to marry Ms Dolly Trent Later that winter (1914-1915) Longren built his first entirely original aircraft design - a two-place tractor biplane again seshylecting the reliable Hall-Scott as the powerplant During an exhibition at the Dickson County Fair at Abilene on September 9 1915 the aircraft stalled on takeoff and was destroyed hitting an automobile that was leaving the fairshygrounds Longrens passenger was relashytively unscathed but Longren suffered a broken leg and several internal injuries

While recovering from his injushyries in early 1916 Longren with Phil

Billard began the construction of his fourth aircraft the Model G The Model G was a clean two-place tractor biplane with a strong resemblance to a Curtiss IN-4 In fact it was powered by a Curtiss OX-2 and was intended for sale to the warring European powers However only two were sold one to the Kansas National Guard the other being used for exhibition flights

Late in the year Longren built a small tractor biplane sometimes reshyferred to as the Longren Bus The conshystruction featured a three-ply wooden monocoque fuselage and was built for William Burt of Okmulgee Oklahoma A second machine was constructed for Lester Miller of Dallas Texas who inshytended to use the aircraft for aerobatic exhibitions By late 1917 Longren had moved on to another two-place design known as the Model H As in the case of the earlier Longren Bus the Model H used a wooden monocoque fuselage The Model H was powered by a Curshytiss 90-hp OX-5 engine unfortunately while on his way to Kansas City Misshysouri Longren suffered an engine failshyure near Wakarusa Kansas The aircraft was destroyed in a crash which proved fatal to a cow standing in the field in which Longren was forced down He was made to pay $10000 in restitution to the angry farmer After that interest in the Model H faded away

Late in 1917 Longren became involved with Frederick W Buck MD ME and applied for a posishytion as chief engineer with the Buck Aircraft and Munitions Co of Denshyver To what extent Longren became involved with Dr Buck is unknown Buck (a long with Elmer Sperry and later Charles F Kettering at DaytonshyWright) had plans to develop and sell an aerial torpedo - essentially a small 50-hp biplane cruise misshysile which was intended to fly on a preprogrammed course then shed its wings at the proper time and place depositing a bomb contained within the crude fuselage framework

Longrens career took another path after his debacle with the Model H After failing to establish a new airshycraft company in Overland Park Kansas Longren eventually took a

position at McCook Field as an airshycraft inspector The Great War had cost Longrens friend Phil Billard his life when he was killed in a flying accident while serving in Issoudun France Longrens position at McshyCook had allowed him the opportushynity to examine every domestic and foreign-built aircraft tested there unshytil the time of his departure in 1919 On June 17 1919 Longren formed the Longren Aircraft Corp in Topeka Kansas using a former woolen mill in the Oakland suburb as the site for the new corporation The first aircraft to come out of the plant was the rebuilt Model H now resurrected as the H-2 It is unclear as to how the H-2 differed from the earlier Model H but by midshy1920 Longren had gone in yet another direction with the construction of the two-place Model D-2 - a small aircraft powered by a three-cylinder Y conshyfiguration Lawrence Model B engine of 35-60 hp Within a year the D-2 had evolved to become the Longren Model AK Sport

Described in the pages of Aviashy

tion and Aerial Age Weekly (Volume 11 Number 12 Sept 291921 pages 336-337 and Volume 14 Numshyber 3 Sept 26 1921 pages 55-56 respectively) the two-place Longren Sport or Fibre Sport was a sensational design that incorporated the three-ply laminated wooden monocoque fuseshylage of the 1916 Longren Bus and the 1917 Model H and a set of folding biplane wings to facilitate storage It is unclear as to how the fuselage of the Sport may have differed from earshylier Longren monocoque construcshytion techniques if at all

However a 1925 Longren patent describes the use of diamond-shaped wood fibre shell (procured from the National Fibre Co) being covered with an additional two layers of wood laminations on either side The fushyselage was made in upper and lower halves using steam-pipe-heated conshycrete male and female molds clamped together using 6000 pounds of presshysure The sections were then trimmed and dried with special provision for humidity control before being joined

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 29

to a framework of grooved ash longeshyrons and formers The fuselage formshyers were made of three-ply materials engine-bearing formers were made of a seven-ply material The formers were in turn attached to the fuseshylage shells with screws Finally the fushyselage was varnished inside and out with Valspar varnish the exterior reshyceiving a coat of pigmented varnish before a final clear coat

Sold with both Lawrence Model Lshy2 three-cylinder Y-style and Anzani sixshycylinder radial engines the Longren Fibre Sport was flown in several notashyble Midwestern aviation events during the early 1920s During the American Legion Air Meet at Kansas City (Octoshyber 31 - November 3 1921) the Sport made 38 consecutive loops while being flown by ND Trinler Two Sports were also flown during a special efficiency race held at Omaha Nebraska on Noshyvember 11 An AK Sport again flown by Trinler placed second with a speed of 7791 mph when flown over a 153shymile triangular course Later that Noshyvember two AK Sports were placed at the disposal of the Kansas City Star to deliver newspapers from Kansas City to Lawrence Kansas in record time During a game between the Missouri Tigers and the Kansasjayhawks a teleshygraph wired a play-by-play account of the football game to the Stars office The newspapers were then promptly set printed and delivered via aircraft to the Lawrence street vendors beshyfore departing fans were even able to reach their homes

After establishing a climb record for Longren aircraft in 1922 the Longren Sport attracted the attention of customshyers from as far away as China and the Soviet Union In 1923 the US Navy became interested and on February 19 1924 Lt jB Kneip flew the accepshytance tests for the first of three Lonshygren AK Sports that were sold to the Navy (serial numbered A6745 through A6747) The first machine was shipped to Washington DC for testing at the Anacostia Naval Air Station while the other two were delivered to Pensacola However documentation of their subshysequent testing and use by the Navy remains elusive

30 JUNE 2007

Photos of Longren Sports and the later NL-13 show the distinctive Lonshygren company logo painted on the side of the fuselage and perhaps a few words need to be said about it This consisted of four capital ilLs joined at the top of each letter This formed a crux gammata or swastika although the direction the letters pointed was counter-clockshywise as opposed the symbols use on aircraft flown by Nazi Germany in which the bottom of the ilLs point in a clockwise direction Prior to its adoption by the Nazi Party this ancient symbol was seen as far afield at the Southwestshyern United States where it was a sacred symbol of Native Americans and in Inshydia and in Runic Europe During The Great War the Indian head emblem of Seaplane Pilots Association (SPA) 124 included a crux gammata as part of the headdress worn by the Native Amerishycan chief tan In its time and place it was considered as a symbol of good forshytune and was in no way considered to be an insult In fact after World War I Finland adopted a grayish-blue crux

gammata inscribed within a white circle as the national insignia for its aircraft In Longrens case the ilL was inscribed with a second ilL and the rest of the letters in Longrens surname In addishytion to that a circular logo and was placed at the center of the emblem to which a set of wings and a propeller reached out to a point near the tips of the ilLs So as it turns out the Lonshygren swastika was covered by what might roughly be considered a crux

immissa or crucifix Longren had no connections to fascist idealism The company logo which originated in the Midwest in the early 20s was simply a clever play on the primary letter in Longrens surname

No matter how good an aircraft the Longren Sport was the company could not survive on such limited orders and the last aircraft was sold in May of 1924 The remaining company assets patents and facilities were sold at an auction in March 1926 The Longren Sport was resurrected briefly in 1928 when the American Eagle Aircraft Corporation of Kansas City Missouri built a solitary aircraft as the Model A-429 However the aircraft was much different than the

original Longren Sport and the design was not pursued further Following the collapse of his company Longren was hired by Willis Brown to become viceshypresident of production at the Spartan Aircraft Co in Tulsa When Brown left in 1929 Longren also moved on to beshycome a design consultant at the Butshyler Manufacturing Co at Kansas City Butler had planned to manufacture the Butler Blackhawk biplane However the company was unable to do this and all manufacturing was halted in 1931 At this pOint Longren made a deal to build a new airplane -- the NL-13

Registered as X12538 and sporting the distinctive Longren fuselage logo the NL-13 (NL possibly standing for New Longren) fuselage was built usshying a new machine-forming method for heat-treated duralumin sheets The upper and lower fuselage halves of the 1932 NL-13 biplane were joined to T-shaped longerons and riveted toshygether Fuselage formers also made of liT cross-section were riveted to the halves creating a very strong duralushymin semi-monocoque fuselage Like the earlier Longren AK the NL-13 had twin side-by-side seating The powerplant of the aircraft was a Martin 333 of 120 hp With the exception of the wing spars the NL-13 was of all-metal construction the wings being fabric covered

The aircraft was first tested by George Gay in August of 1932 At that time Gay worked for the aeronautics branch of the Civil Aeronautics Administrashytion (CAA) The aircraft was found to be slightly tail-heavy This was cured by a slight stabilizer adjustment The engine also suffered from a slight overshyheating problem This was corrected by enlarging the cooling louvers and subshystituting the original propeller with anshyother type

The NL-13 had a span of 28 feet and a length of 22 feet Apparently the goal of the NL-13 was to obtain a military contract After further testing at Roosshyevelt Field Long Island New York the fuselage of the NL-13 was sold to the United States Army Air Corps and underwent stress evaluation at Wright Field Dayton OhiO in june 1933 After slight modification to some of the stiff-

continued on page 37

Flying to me is all about having fun Its grass strips and old

friends and old airplanes The folks at AUA understand my kind

of flying and my kind of airplanes They provide great service

at very good rates and they know me as an individual not just

a policy number

- Darrell Jenkins

Dan-ell Jenkins Heber Springs AR

bull Private pilot single-engine land and sea

bull 500 hours total shy300 in taildraggers

bull Current aircraft 1948 Ercoupe 415-E

AUA is Vintage Aircraft Association approved To become a member of VAA call 800middot843middot3612

AUAs Exclusive fAA Vintage AircraftJUsociation Insurance Program

Lower liability and hull premiums - Medical payments induded - Fleet discounts for multiple aircraft carrying all risk coverages

continued from page 3

EAA Seeks to Preserve Access to Repair Station Services

EAA cautions that proposed aircraft repair station certification regulations could harm many small general aviashytion shops and adversely affect airshycraft owners seeking to maintain the airworthiness of their aircraft

The FAA estimates the cost for deshyveloping and implementing a new quality system called for by the proshyposed regulations at $34500 per reshypair station Many small operations cannot afford such an expense and it could force some to close their doors

We fear that these requirements would ultimately result in diminshyished availability of qualified and experienced maintenance expertise especially for the vintage fleet said Earl Lawrence EAA vice president of industry and regulatory affairs Airshycraft owners could be forced to use maintenance facilities with less speshycialized experience on their aircraft type making it more difficult to comshyplete major repairs and changes to small aircraft potentially impacting safety as well

EAA also questions the feasibility of requiring repair stations to mainshytain an approved capability list for each make series and model of airshycraft its permitted to work on Many small operators often inspect and maintain virtually hundreds of airshycraft types creating an administrashytive nightmare

EAA is willing to discuss how the FAA could best address its quality concerns while ensuring the ownshyers of small aircraft continue to have ready access to repair station services One suggestion EAA proposed is to exempt or lessen requirements for smaller shops with fewer than a given number of employees

EAAs full comments can be found at wwwEAAorgcommunications eaanewsRepa ir_Station_NPRM_Draftpdf The notice of proposed rulemaking is at httpDMSESDOTgovdocimages pdf99431749_webpdf 32 JUNE 2007

Young Eagle 13 Million Hails From New Mexico

Arlene Martinez in the right seat with volunteer Young Eagles pilot Paul Rachels

The EAA Young Eagles program the worlds most successful youth aviation initiative ever has registered the 13-millionth Young Eagle flown She is Arlene Martinez age 12 of Yuma Arizona who took her flight on March 17 at Somerton Airport (54AZ) in a Cessna 170 piloted by Paul Rachels EAA 633950 Rachels is president and Young Eagles coordinator for Yuma EAA Chapter 590

Arlene was very enthusiastic said Rachels who has flown 123 Young Eagles She definitely enjoyed the flight and would like to do it again He always gets a kick out of how kids react to their special flights Its as incredible an experience

for me as it is for them and I have 700 hours of flight time Steve Buss EAA Young Eagles executive director called it another important

milestone for the program which this year marks its 15th anniversary year-the birthday will be marked at AirVenture this year Its wonderful to recognize Paul and Arlenes flight but we also applaud the outstanding continuing support and enthusiasm for Young Eagles by our members We extend our congratulations to all who have helped the program reach this unprecedented level of participation

Nominations Due June 15 for EAA Young Eagles Awards Each year EAA honors several special volunteers at EAA AirVenture with the

annual Young Eagles awards and theres still time to nominate a deserving pershyson for 2007

Nominations for the following awards are being accepted through June 15

bull Chapter Coordinator bull Field Representative bull Ground Support Volunteer bull Young Eagles Humanitarian (presented for efforts to reach special needs

Young Eagles) bull Young Eagles Horizon Award (recognizing efforts to go beyond the basic

Young Eagles flight) Awards will be presented at a special ceremony held at EAA AirVenture Museshy

ums Eagle Hangar on Wednesday July 25 To download the official nomination form visit wwwYoungEaglesorgvolunteersaward_nominationpdf

BY BUCK HILBERT

The very beginning of airworthiness certificates pilot certificates

For many years Ive talked and writshy barnstormers and promote some ten about the beginnings of the Aero order and safety to their flying It had Club of America (ACA) now known one other side effect No record atshyas the National Aeronautic Associashy tempt or air show (or air meet as they tion (NAA) Ive explained how this were called back then) could be staged pioneer era appointed Orville Wright without the approval of the Aero as the chairman of the Contest amp Reshy Club which was affiliated with the cords Board and how a pilot registrashy international governing body the Feshytion program came into being deration Aeronautique Internationale

The World War I pilots returning (FAI) The contestant was required to home were barnstorming and othershy be a member of the Aero Club which wise doing their best to make a living then issued a certification to the pishyin aviation That led to attempts to lot Hence the FAlSporting License register and somehow civilize these old-timers would show was signed by

Certifying Aircraft and Pilots

AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATE IauecI to VIlICElll ASTOR Arw 23 W 26th Sl BYCit shy

m~ts CnltiUs that the Aircraft described below has been Inspected and found AiruIo~ for daylight llyin on AJIlI 0VEIl WUER OKLY

For the Fl)1nA Season of 1922 ~- ~-=l1=~== Cmlampato NJiI~_ _ -- UND ElV1UTEIS~OIlIS Iae

o o-_pmiIyenr3~J__I922 III _ - ~ t

_ _ Mri N=A1fefJ~mATE WAmR AmClWr _ _______ 1 - PQRIlrASRDWTCJN l T bull Y

N_- 01 AlOft to 5 M- 1-1 AJkwL c 9on MuwLOEBDIG AERO ElIGR C~IIoTNo 23-t SodoIH9~iF--__ 0- 30 pr 3 I~ _ 42 PT 6 U __ n 8 Pr _ 2700 4100 II UMIwI 1400 shy_ 130 M _Cd 20000 hlln_H_ 2S_ _ T LIBRRrY I I OBE __ US 32230 __ Do 5 000 - JfAJlJODS JULY 7 1922

Orville Wright It was a requirement of the federal government No federal requirement for a pilots certificate would come into being until the Air Commerce Act gave that authority and responsibility to the Department of Commerce on May 20 1926

In all of the information Ive read on the early days of the ACA later the NAA there was never any menshytion of aircraft standards or airworshythiness certificates I never quesshytioned it and as a matter of fact I never gave it a thought

Then along comes friend and Vinshytage member Mitch Wohl from Barrington Illinois and he drops two books on my desk The first one I picked up was titled A Symbol of Safety This book was first published in 1923 and tells all about the foundshying of the Underwriters Laboratories (UL) Reprinted in 1995 it goes into great detail as to the history of UL I found it very interesting

The second book published on the 100th anniversary of Underwritshyers Laboratories in 1994 amplifies a bit of the material that was pub-

This airworthiness certificate was issued by an Underwriters Laborashytories inspector Maj J W Jones who deemed the Loening Air Yacht of Vincent Astor to be in airworthy condishytion It is restricted to dayligbt flying and over water only Heres a photo of its sister ship from the 1922 Airshycraft Yearbook

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 3 3

Loening monoplane Flying Yacht 100 hp Liberty engine which made a world record for aHitude with three passengers and pilot 19500 feet

lished in the 1923 book Its entire theme is Making the World Safe for Technology What a revelation both regarding the organization s history in general and its involveshyment in aviation

The real beginnings were at the 1893 Worlds Fair at the Great White City in Chicago The Electricity Building had frequent visits by the fire brigade in response to the new alshyternating current electricity displays catching fire and causing problems It was then that William Henry Merrill began his testing lab which proved

electricity could be a servant rather than a master

Our only function is to serve not to profit We are doing someshything for manufacturers buyers and property owners everywhere We are doing things for humanity was a direct quote from Merrill This was the beginning of the lab The lab was funded by corporations that wanted their products tested as well as by the insurance underwriters themselves

From 1893 through 1905 the budshyget expanded from a mere $3000 to more than $300000 During that

The book goes into

great detail

as to physical

standards for

airmen There were

all sorts of tests

for altitude tolerance

fatigue and eyesight

and their standards

specify annual physicals

rAiLW~eeL5

srlINSON 15 JOCII~Y

34 JUNE 2007

time more than 7500 reports were published the lab moved to larger quarters it was chartered in Illinois and the landmark inspection and label service was established Within two years UL inspectors were at work in 67 citshyies UL got into everything electrical fire prevention fire extinguishers automobiles oil and gasses and transportashytion as well Thats where we come in airplanes

When the first commercial airplane takes off here in the USA in the 20s UL registers airplanes certifies pilots and issues the now rather quaint-sounding Rules of the Air

Im getting ahead of the full story but in a nutshell the National Aircraft Underwriters Association proposed and requested UL become the custodian of the official register of all aircraft pilots (other than government pilots) and take full charge of all details connected therewith

UL undertook this branch of the work on July I 1921 The book goes into great detail as to physical stanshy

dards for airmen There were all sorts of tests for altitude tolerance fatigue and eyesight and their standards specify annual physicals

No wonder the early birds were considered supermen The next step was to create a register of commercial and private aircraft On May I 1922 UL began a nationwide inspection service in order to make it possible to issue cershytificates of airworthiness for individual aircraft The details of the inspections and the people employed to conduct them is an early Whos Who in aviation The inspections were very stringent and as demanding for the aircraft as they were for the pilots

And that dear friends is the story of the first airworshythiness certificates They were all issued long before the Department of Commerce became involved and of course long before the creation of the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) and the Federal Aviation Administration

Little by little the freedoms of flight have been whittled down and the myriad of Federal Aviation Regulations we live with came about but here fellow pilots and aircraft owners was the very beginning and it was the insurance people who started it all I(

Over to you (( ~((~

~ Call to order your copies today

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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 35

BY HG FRAUTSCHY

THIS MONTHS MYSTERY PLANE PHOTO IS A BIT OF A MULLIGAN FOR THOSE OF YOU

WHO HAVE ENJOYED L1GHTPLANES FOR A NUMBER OF YEARS STILL NOT MUCH IS PUBLISHED ABOUT THIS RATHER ATTRACTIVE AMPHIBIAN

Send your answer to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box You can also send your response via e-mail Send 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Your answer needs your answer to mysteryplaneeaaorg Be sure to include to be in no later than July 15 for inclusion in the your name city and state in the body of your note and September 2007 issue of Vintage Airplane put I(Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line

MARCH S MYSTERY ANSWER

36 J UN E 2007

nology olph Dope

Heres a little about the March Mystery Plane

The subject Mystery Plane apshypears to be the Longren NL-13 sin 2 X12538 built in 1932 by Albin K Longren (1882-1950) in Kansas City Missouri Longren had been a design consultant for Butler Manushyfacturing Co during the certificashytion of the Butler Blackhawk and built the NL-13 in the Butler facility with help from Butler employees Butler had ceased production by that time in the depths of the Great Depression The NL-13 had an allshy

wing spars and the fabric wing covshyering The engine was a 120-hp Marshytin 333 inve rted inline with four cylinders The X12538 was the only NL-13 built and was not successful in reaching production although it was an ea rly example of formed alushyminum aircraft structures

My information comes from Aeroshyfilescom and from Chuck (Charles E) Lebrechts fine article entitled AK Longren - Pioneer Airman of the West published in American Aviation Historishycal Society Journal Vol26 No4 Winshyter 1981 pp258-270 Lebrechts article gives a great vjew of Longrens career as an aircraft designer and manufacturer

Jack Erickson State College Pennsylvania Other correct answers were reshy

ceived from WaIt House Wichshyita Kansas George Otto Snook Monroe Michigan John Miller Wamego Kansas Cam Bla ze r Leawood Kansas An extensive arshyticle on the airplane and AK Lonshygren written by Wesley Smith is also included in this issue of Vinshytage Airplane

metal airframe except for wooden 1---------------------------------shy

eners and bulkheads the NL-13 fuselage had a safety factor able to absorb 1683g

ahead of the center of gravity (CG) and 11g aft of the CG

This made the fuselage of the NL-13 considerably stronger than that of the Stearman YBT-3 Boeing P-26A Conshysolidated P-30 and Boeing P-12B with which it was compared the YBT-3 having a maximum g-Ioading potential of 109

both fore and aft of the CG While the reshyport recommended the possible adoption of Longrens construction techniques orshyders for the NL-13 were not forthcoming and no further examples were built

With the demise of Butler Longren went to work for himself using a porshytion of the former Butler factory at the Kansas City Municipal Airport In 1933-34 Longren did the initial metal work on the Luscombe Phantom and developed metal-working techniques with his partner Ivan Driggs Plans for opening another aircraft factory were put on hold when Cessn a reopened their Wichita Kansas facility in 1934 for production of the Cessna C-34 Cessna hired Longren as vjce-president a posishy

tion that he held until 1939 when he moved to Torrance California to open the Longren Aircraft Company

While Longren built no further airshycraft he became a successful subconshytractor of prefabricated components for other aircraft manufacturers After the end of World War II Longren sold his company and retired to a 3OOO-acre ranch at Adin Ca lifornia where he passed away due to a heart condition on Nov 19 1950 at age 68

The defini tive Longren article was written by Mr Charles E Lebrecht and was published in the Winter 1981 edishytion of the American Aviation Historical Society Journal (Volume 26 Number 4 pages 258-270) I am indebted to Mr Lebrechts excellent research for the inshyformation in this piece Further informashytion on AK Longren can be found in the pages of Aviation Quarterly (Mace Kenshyneth D Pioneer Airmen ofKansas Volshyume 5 Number 2 Second Quarter 1979 pages 152-163) Mr Maces article is also quite well-written and contains severshyal beautiful photos of Longrens aircraft as well as the 1908 Call Mayfly

VINTAGE A I RPLANE 37

The fo llowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter of information only and does not constishytute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed To submit an event send the information via mail to Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Or e-mail the information to vintageaircrafteaaorg Information should be received four months prior to the event date

JUNE S-IO-Union IL-Poplar Grove Airport Army Wings and Wheels Info Vintage Wings amp Wheels Museum 815-547middot3115 Tom Murray hiwheelsbcglobalnet

JUNE 14-17-St Louis MO-Dauster Flying Field Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) American Waco Club Flymiddotln Info Phil Coulson 269shy624-6490 or rcoulson516cscom www americanwacoclubcom

JUNE 20-2l--Lock Haven PA-William T Piper Memorial Airport (LHV) Sentimental Journey Fly-In Family oriented fly-in featuring antique and classic aircraft of all makes and models especially PIPERS Seminars vendors food camping and entertainment daily Come for the day or the week Call 570-893-4200 or 748shy5123 for more information j3cubkcnet org wwwsentimentaljourneyfly-incom

JUNE 21-24-Mt Vernon Ohio-Wynkoop Airport (6G4) 48th Annual National Waco Club Reunion Check www nationalwacoclubcom for more information and contact information Or email call Andy Heins 937 313 5931 wacoasoaolcom

JUNE 22-24-Gardner KA-Gardner Municipal Airport (K34) Greater KC VAA Chapter 16 Fly-in Contact Kevin Pratt 816-985-3248

JUNE 23-Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

JUNE 30-Chetek WI-The Chetek WI (Y23) 9AM car show craft fair and show a professional horse pull and a water ski show Plenty of food and drink available throughout the day For more info contact Chuck Harrison 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet or Tim Knutson 715-237shy2477 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

JUNE 31-Russellville KY- Russellville-Logan County Airport (4M7) 9th Annual All You Can Eat BarBQ Lunch 1100am - 200pm Rain Date July 5th Aircraft displays skydiving door prizes Everyone welcome For more information eaal165yahoo com wwwangelfirecom ky3 eaal165 Joe Lawrence 270-726-1558

JULY 4-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-llam For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

JULY 6-8--All iance Oh (2Dl)-Taylorcraft and Ohio Aeronca Aviators Fly-In See the airplanes built in Alliance OH amp Middletown

38 JU N E 2007

OH and the people that built them Camping motels food all day fbarberalliancelinkcom 330823-1168 bwmatzllacyahoocom 216 337-5643 httpwwwoaafy-incom see wwwbarberaircraftcom for airport diagrams Breakfast served Sat amp Sun 7AM to 11AM by EM Chapter 82

JULY 14-Zanesville OH-Parr Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

AUGUST 5-Queen City MO-Applegate Airport (15MO) 20th Annual Watermelon Fly-In amp BBQ 2pm til dark Come and see grass roots aviation at its best Info 660-766-2644

AUGUST S-Chetek WI-Southworth Municipal airport (Y23) BBQ Fly-In 1030am Warbird displays antique and unique airplanes antique amp collector car displays and raffles for airplane rides Procedes will be given to local charities Info Chuck Harrison - Office 715-924shy4501 Cell 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet Tim Knutson - Home 715-237-2477 Cell 651-308-2839 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

AUGUST 17-19--McMinnville OR-25th Annual West Coast Travel Air Reunion Come Celebrate the Rebirth of the Travel Air Expected to be the largest gathering of Vintage Travel Airs in recent times Held in conjunction with the Northwest Antique Airplane Club Event Info Bruce McElhoe 559-638-3746

AUGUST 18--Forest Lake MN-(25D)-Airport Fly-in and Open House lOam - 4pm 24shyhour gas and 24-hour grass 3000-foot 31 13 Forest Lake Lions serve brats corn-ltgtn-the-cob and ice cream 100LL is available John Schmidt EM 250021 St Paul Minnesota 651 776 1717

AUGUST IS-I9-Long Island NY- Bayport (23N) Annual Antique Aeroplane Fly-In Old time movies popcorn pig roast flour bomb drop and spot landing contest with the days ending in the in famous Sheep Shagger Baa For more info wwwAACGNY org or email Stuart Bain at Sbain emediaofny com

AUGUST 19-Brookfield WI-Capitol Airport (02C) Ice Cream Social and vintage Aircraft Display VAA Chapter 11 Dean London 262-442-4622

AUGUST 2S-Niles MI-Jerry Tyler Memorial Airport (3TR) VAA Chapter 35 Annual Corn amp Sausage Roast Lunch served 1100am

to 300 pm Rain date on Sunday August 26th Donations of $500 for adults and $300 for children under 12 Contact Len Jansen tripacerlenyahoocom

SEPTEMBER I -Marion IN-Marion Municipal Airport (MZZ) 17th Annual Fly-In Cruise-In 700am until 200pm This annual event features antique classic homebuilt ultralight and warbird aircraft as well as vintage cars trucks motorcycles and tractors An all-you-can-eat Pancake Breakfast is served with all proceeds going to the local Marion High School Marching Band wwwFlylnCruiselncomlnfo Ray Johnson (765) 664-2588 or rjohnson indyrrcom

SEPTEMBER I -Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $2 50 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer Phone (740) 454-7487

SEPTEMBER 2-Mondovi WI-21st Annual Log Cabin Airport Fly-In Doug Ward Owner Operator 715-287-4205 Lunch noon

SEPTEMBER 8-Newark Ohio-NewarkshyHeath Airport (VTA) Annual Fly-In DriveshyIn Breakfast Pancakes and More Young Eagles Flights Vintage Airplanes Classic Cars Tom McFadden 740-587shy2312 email EAA402adelphianet

SEPTEMBER 9-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-12pm For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

SEPTEMBER 21-22- Bartlesville OK-Frank Phillips Field (BVO) 51st Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-In Antiques Classics Light Sport Warbirds Forum Type Clubs Info Charlie Harris 918-622shy8400 wwwtulsafyincom

OCTOBER 5-7-Camden SC-Kershaw County Airport (KCDN) VAA Chapter 3 Fall Fly-In All classes welcome BBQ on field Fri Evening EAA judging all classes Sat Banquet Sat Nite Info Jim Wilson 843-753-7138 or eiwilson homexpresswaynet

OCTOBER 5-7-St Louis MO-Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) The Monocoupe Club Fly-In amp Reunion wwwmonocoupecom

OCTOBER IO-I4-Tuliahoma TN- Beech Birthday Party 2007 Staggerwing Twin Beech 18 Bonanza Baron Beech ownersamp enthusiasts Info 931shy455-1974

Your One STOP Quality Shop Hook up air hose from your compressor Add Glass Beads or otherabrasiveAim powergun 1-888-388-8803 (included) at part and remove 1-780-447-5955 rust paint and scale

Exhaust Systems FAST WORKS GREAT Abrasive recycles 22d 34w Carb Air Boxes 2012h work area22 ga steel14 Structural Assemblies ga steel legs Requires 7 Clamps amp Hardware cfm 80 psi amp shop Round Engine Exhausts

Engine Mounts Fuel Cells Heaters

All Make amp Models wwwacomweldlngcom

2007 MAJOR FLy-INS

For details on EM Chapter flymiddotins and other local avimiddot ation events visit wwweaaorgjevents

Golden West EAA Regional Ay-In

Yuba County Airport (MYV) Marysville CA

June 29middotJuly 1 2007 wwwGodenWestRynorg

Rocky Mountain EAA Regional AyJn Front Range Airport (FTG) Watkins CO

June 23-24 2007 wwwRMRRorg

Arlington EAA Ay-In

Arlington Municipal Airport (AWO) Arlington WA July 11-15 2007

wwwNWEAAorg

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Something to buy sell or trade Classified Word Ads $550 per 10 words 180 words maximum with boldface

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Classified Display Ads One column wide (2167 inches) by 1 2 or 3 inches

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MISCELLANEOUS BABBITT BEARING SERVICE - rod

Wittman Regional Airport (OSH) Oshkosh WI July 23-29 2007 wwwAirVentureorg

EAA Mld-Eastem Regional Ay-In Mansfield Lahm Airport Mansfield OH August 25-26 2007

httpMERR info

Virginia Regional EAA Ay-In

Dinwiddie County Airport (PTB) Petersburg VA October 6-7 2007 wwwVAEAAorg

EAA Southeast Regional Ay-In Middleton Field Airport (GZH) Evergreen AL October 12-14 2007 wwwSERRorg

Copperstate Regional EAA AyJn Casa Grande (Arizona) Municipal Airport (CGZ)

October 25-28 2007 wwwcopperstateorg

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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 39

VINTAGE AIRCRAFT

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40 JUNE 2007

-=-_tI 8015 CONCER

~oNO~Y )JY 13

presented by Ecpse ~1aton n 8lt ford otor col1pa y

Page 27: PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATIONmembers.eaavintage.org/wp...Vol-35-No-6-June-2007.pdf · PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION . ... Flightline Safety Committee and their

Test flight of the first Taylorcraft May 1936

1 rryen~~A1~~~ )~ ~- shyITS A - -=- (=- = --- I FAF

BEAUTY 51495middot00-----shy~GRACEFULLY CONTINENTAL

STREAMLINED - - _ MOTOR

C G TAYL O R bull PlttsburqhmiddotBuUer Airport bull Bu tler Penna

April 1936 ad in Aero Digest

cry from Taylors boxy square-cornered E-2 Cub With side-by-side seating and wheel controls it rivaled much larger more expensive planes such as the Waco and Stinson Weight had been kept to a minimum the proshytotype weighed only 570 pounds It was much faster than the Cub The first prospective customers who flew the plane verified the advertised cruising speed of 80 mph In a race with two locals an Aeronca C-3 and a Kinner Fleet the Taylorcraft won easily

The investors at Butler were elated With nearly 100 orders and down payments received for their new plane they envisioned a rapid production buildup and the prospects of a thriving profitable enterprise Their faith however had been misplaced

Shinn continues But unknown to D Bar Peat and me Taylor had been talking to others about financing and a place to manufacture the plane One day we came to work to find trucks backed up to the hangar and Taylor haulshying away all the Taylorcraft parts jigs and fixtures They moved to Alliance Ohio where they got one years free rent on a large old airplane factory financing and tax breaks D Bar Peat and I retained a lawyer to try to get back our inshyvestment eventually getting back some shares ofTaylorcraft 26 JUNE 2007

stock instead of money And Piper quit buying my wheels and switched to Hayes

Happily Taylor and Shinn soon put their legal difshyferences behind them and remained good friends and business associates for many years

Shinn was not alone in his disappointment when the unexpected move came Scholter was out of a job In 1992 he made this comment They left Butler owing me almost a months pay which I never got But they did give me a very nice letter of recommendation

The Alliance Review newspaper proudly announced the arrival of the new aircraft enterprise in its July 9 1936 edition But that is a story for another day

Authors note When researching my book The Taylorcraft Story in

1992 I was privileged to personally interview four prishymary information sources regarding the Butler Pennshysylvania events eG Taylor Bob Taylor Ken Scholter and Byron Shinn The history above was taken from those interviews and contemporary newspaper articles

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LIN COL N MERCURY

EXTRA The Butler Manufacturing Co NL-I3 biplane

The March 2007 Mystery Plane is the 1932 Butler Manufacturing Co NL-13 biplane designed by Albin Kasper Longren (sometimes simply reshyferred to as the Longren NL-13)

AK Longren had a very long and interesting aviation career Born in a log cabin near Clay Center Kansas in 1882 he was the one of 14 children born to Swedish immigrant homeshystead farmers Charles and Emma Lonshygren In 1901 he took a business course from the International Corresponshydence School (ICS) which he followed up with an ICS diploma in mechanical engineering from 1907-1911

Longrens interest in aviation beshygan with his observations of Henry L Call in 1908 Call originally a New York lawyer author and socialist had moved to Girard Kansas in February of 1908 in order to construct a large and ungainly flying machine powered by two 20-hp Curtiss B-4 engines Known as the Mayfly and The Chicken (among other colorful names) the airshycraft failed to fly despite modification Call enjoyed the support of the nashytional socialist newspaper An Appeal to Reason and constructed several aircraft under the aegis of The Aerial Navigashytion Company of America starting in 1908 before the company changed its name

Beginning in 1911 Call manushyfactured two-cylinder and fourshycylinder horizontally opposed air-cooled engines which h e marshyketed to would-be aviators through

28 JUNE 2007

BY WESLEY SMITH

advertisements (primarily in Aircraft and Fly magazines published by Alshyfred W Lawson of 1920 Lawson Airshyliner fame) The two-cylinder Call was rated at 45 hp and the four-cylshyinder engine was rated at 90 hp Call engines were among the first aircraft engine to be fitted with mufflers an individual muffler being attached to the exhaust port of each cylinder

With his brother EJ Longren and a mechanic named William Janeke Longren constructed a Curtiss-type pusher biplane in Topeka Kansas Beshygun in the summer of 1910 the Toshypeka I was not completed until the fall of 1911 Fitted with a 60-hp Hall-Scott A-2 a water-cooled V-8 the Topeka I became the first successful aircraft to be completed in the state of Kansas Longren made his first flight on Sepshytember 2 and on September 5 1911 he made two flights the first flight reaching about 225 feet in altitude and covering 15 miles and the secshyond reaching about 300 feet and covshyering six miles

Of course Longren was only one of numerous individuals who built Curtiss-type pushers Plans for early Herring-Curtiss machines were pubshylished in Aeronautics and other aviashytion periodicals as well as in books With some individual alterations many such aircraft were built in the United States prior to Americas entry into World War 1

At any rate Longren soon went into the exhibition business with

H Young renaming the Topeka I as the Dixie Flyer The words Dixie Flyer - AK Longren - Aviator were painted on the underside of the Topeka IDishyxie Flyers monoplane canard Between 1911 and 1914 Longren gave 1372 exhibition flights in Kansas Texas Oklahoma Nebraska and Colorado for the Young Aviation Co

In 1912 Longren built a second Curshytiss-type with a Hall-Scott A-2 This airshycraft incorporated the improvements Curtiss had made to his newer aircraft during 1911-1912 and in due course the mid-gap ailerons were moved to the trailing edges of the upper wing This aircraft was sold to Longrens forshymer student and friend Phil Billard who used it to give exhibition flights This aircraft sometimes known as the Topeka II was presented to the Kansas State Historical Society in 1938 where it still exists as a display

In the spring of 1914 Longren took time to marry Ms Dolly Trent Later that winter (1914-1915) Longren built his first entirely original aircraft design - a two-place tractor biplane again seshylecting the reliable Hall-Scott as the powerplant During an exhibition at the Dickson County Fair at Abilene on September 9 1915 the aircraft stalled on takeoff and was destroyed hitting an automobile that was leaving the fairshygrounds Longrens passenger was relashytively unscathed but Longren suffered a broken leg and several internal injuries

While recovering from his injushyries in early 1916 Longren with Phil

Billard began the construction of his fourth aircraft the Model G The Model G was a clean two-place tractor biplane with a strong resemblance to a Curtiss IN-4 In fact it was powered by a Curtiss OX-2 and was intended for sale to the warring European powers However only two were sold one to the Kansas National Guard the other being used for exhibition flights

Late in the year Longren built a small tractor biplane sometimes reshyferred to as the Longren Bus The conshystruction featured a three-ply wooden monocoque fuselage and was built for William Burt of Okmulgee Oklahoma A second machine was constructed for Lester Miller of Dallas Texas who inshytended to use the aircraft for aerobatic exhibitions By late 1917 Longren had moved on to another two-place design known as the Model H As in the case of the earlier Longren Bus the Model H used a wooden monocoque fuselage The Model H was powered by a Curshytiss 90-hp OX-5 engine unfortunately while on his way to Kansas City Misshysouri Longren suffered an engine failshyure near Wakarusa Kansas The aircraft was destroyed in a crash which proved fatal to a cow standing in the field in which Longren was forced down He was made to pay $10000 in restitution to the angry farmer After that interest in the Model H faded away

Late in 1917 Longren became involved with Frederick W Buck MD ME and applied for a posishytion as chief engineer with the Buck Aircraft and Munitions Co of Denshyver To what extent Longren became involved with Dr Buck is unknown Buck (a long with Elmer Sperry and later Charles F Kettering at DaytonshyWright) had plans to develop and sell an aerial torpedo - essentially a small 50-hp biplane cruise misshysile which was intended to fly on a preprogrammed course then shed its wings at the proper time and place depositing a bomb contained within the crude fuselage framework

Longrens career took another path after his debacle with the Model H After failing to establish a new airshycraft company in Overland Park Kansas Longren eventually took a

position at McCook Field as an airshycraft inspector The Great War had cost Longrens friend Phil Billard his life when he was killed in a flying accident while serving in Issoudun France Longrens position at McshyCook had allowed him the opportushynity to examine every domestic and foreign-built aircraft tested there unshytil the time of his departure in 1919 On June 17 1919 Longren formed the Longren Aircraft Corp in Topeka Kansas using a former woolen mill in the Oakland suburb as the site for the new corporation The first aircraft to come out of the plant was the rebuilt Model H now resurrected as the H-2 It is unclear as to how the H-2 differed from the earlier Model H but by midshy1920 Longren had gone in yet another direction with the construction of the two-place Model D-2 - a small aircraft powered by a three-cylinder Y conshyfiguration Lawrence Model B engine of 35-60 hp Within a year the D-2 had evolved to become the Longren Model AK Sport

Described in the pages of Aviashy

tion and Aerial Age Weekly (Volume 11 Number 12 Sept 291921 pages 336-337 and Volume 14 Numshyber 3 Sept 26 1921 pages 55-56 respectively) the two-place Longren Sport or Fibre Sport was a sensational design that incorporated the three-ply laminated wooden monocoque fuseshylage of the 1916 Longren Bus and the 1917 Model H and a set of folding biplane wings to facilitate storage It is unclear as to how the fuselage of the Sport may have differed from earshylier Longren monocoque construcshytion techniques if at all

However a 1925 Longren patent describes the use of diamond-shaped wood fibre shell (procured from the National Fibre Co) being covered with an additional two layers of wood laminations on either side The fushyselage was made in upper and lower halves using steam-pipe-heated conshycrete male and female molds clamped together using 6000 pounds of presshysure The sections were then trimmed and dried with special provision for humidity control before being joined

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 29

to a framework of grooved ash longeshyrons and formers The fuselage formshyers were made of three-ply materials engine-bearing formers were made of a seven-ply material The formers were in turn attached to the fuseshylage shells with screws Finally the fushyselage was varnished inside and out with Valspar varnish the exterior reshyceiving a coat of pigmented varnish before a final clear coat

Sold with both Lawrence Model Lshy2 three-cylinder Y-style and Anzani sixshycylinder radial engines the Longren Fibre Sport was flown in several notashyble Midwestern aviation events during the early 1920s During the American Legion Air Meet at Kansas City (Octoshyber 31 - November 3 1921) the Sport made 38 consecutive loops while being flown by ND Trinler Two Sports were also flown during a special efficiency race held at Omaha Nebraska on Noshyvember 11 An AK Sport again flown by Trinler placed second with a speed of 7791 mph when flown over a 153shymile triangular course Later that Noshyvember two AK Sports were placed at the disposal of the Kansas City Star to deliver newspapers from Kansas City to Lawrence Kansas in record time During a game between the Missouri Tigers and the Kansasjayhawks a teleshygraph wired a play-by-play account of the football game to the Stars office The newspapers were then promptly set printed and delivered via aircraft to the Lawrence street vendors beshyfore departing fans were even able to reach their homes

After establishing a climb record for Longren aircraft in 1922 the Longren Sport attracted the attention of customshyers from as far away as China and the Soviet Union In 1923 the US Navy became interested and on February 19 1924 Lt jB Kneip flew the accepshytance tests for the first of three Lonshygren AK Sports that were sold to the Navy (serial numbered A6745 through A6747) The first machine was shipped to Washington DC for testing at the Anacostia Naval Air Station while the other two were delivered to Pensacola However documentation of their subshysequent testing and use by the Navy remains elusive

30 JUNE 2007

Photos of Longren Sports and the later NL-13 show the distinctive Lonshygren company logo painted on the side of the fuselage and perhaps a few words need to be said about it This consisted of four capital ilLs joined at the top of each letter This formed a crux gammata or swastika although the direction the letters pointed was counter-clockshywise as opposed the symbols use on aircraft flown by Nazi Germany in which the bottom of the ilLs point in a clockwise direction Prior to its adoption by the Nazi Party this ancient symbol was seen as far afield at the Southwestshyern United States where it was a sacred symbol of Native Americans and in Inshydia and in Runic Europe During The Great War the Indian head emblem of Seaplane Pilots Association (SPA) 124 included a crux gammata as part of the headdress worn by the Native Amerishycan chief tan In its time and place it was considered as a symbol of good forshytune and was in no way considered to be an insult In fact after World War I Finland adopted a grayish-blue crux

gammata inscribed within a white circle as the national insignia for its aircraft In Longrens case the ilL was inscribed with a second ilL and the rest of the letters in Longrens surname In addishytion to that a circular logo and was placed at the center of the emblem to which a set of wings and a propeller reached out to a point near the tips of the ilLs So as it turns out the Lonshygren swastika was covered by what might roughly be considered a crux

immissa or crucifix Longren had no connections to fascist idealism The company logo which originated in the Midwest in the early 20s was simply a clever play on the primary letter in Longrens surname

No matter how good an aircraft the Longren Sport was the company could not survive on such limited orders and the last aircraft was sold in May of 1924 The remaining company assets patents and facilities were sold at an auction in March 1926 The Longren Sport was resurrected briefly in 1928 when the American Eagle Aircraft Corporation of Kansas City Missouri built a solitary aircraft as the Model A-429 However the aircraft was much different than the

original Longren Sport and the design was not pursued further Following the collapse of his company Longren was hired by Willis Brown to become viceshypresident of production at the Spartan Aircraft Co in Tulsa When Brown left in 1929 Longren also moved on to beshycome a design consultant at the Butshyler Manufacturing Co at Kansas City Butler had planned to manufacture the Butler Blackhawk biplane However the company was unable to do this and all manufacturing was halted in 1931 At this pOint Longren made a deal to build a new airplane -- the NL-13

Registered as X12538 and sporting the distinctive Longren fuselage logo the NL-13 (NL possibly standing for New Longren) fuselage was built usshying a new machine-forming method for heat-treated duralumin sheets The upper and lower fuselage halves of the 1932 NL-13 biplane were joined to T-shaped longerons and riveted toshygether Fuselage formers also made of liT cross-section were riveted to the halves creating a very strong duralushymin semi-monocoque fuselage Like the earlier Longren AK the NL-13 had twin side-by-side seating The powerplant of the aircraft was a Martin 333 of 120 hp With the exception of the wing spars the NL-13 was of all-metal construction the wings being fabric covered

The aircraft was first tested by George Gay in August of 1932 At that time Gay worked for the aeronautics branch of the Civil Aeronautics Administrashytion (CAA) The aircraft was found to be slightly tail-heavy This was cured by a slight stabilizer adjustment The engine also suffered from a slight overshyheating problem This was corrected by enlarging the cooling louvers and subshystituting the original propeller with anshyother type

The NL-13 had a span of 28 feet and a length of 22 feet Apparently the goal of the NL-13 was to obtain a military contract After further testing at Roosshyevelt Field Long Island New York the fuselage of the NL-13 was sold to the United States Army Air Corps and underwent stress evaluation at Wright Field Dayton OhiO in june 1933 After slight modification to some of the stiff-

continued on page 37

Flying to me is all about having fun Its grass strips and old

friends and old airplanes The folks at AUA understand my kind

of flying and my kind of airplanes They provide great service

at very good rates and they know me as an individual not just

a policy number

- Darrell Jenkins

Dan-ell Jenkins Heber Springs AR

bull Private pilot single-engine land and sea

bull 500 hours total shy300 in taildraggers

bull Current aircraft 1948 Ercoupe 415-E

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continued from page 3

EAA Seeks to Preserve Access to Repair Station Services

EAA cautions that proposed aircraft repair station certification regulations could harm many small general aviashytion shops and adversely affect airshycraft owners seeking to maintain the airworthiness of their aircraft

The FAA estimates the cost for deshyveloping and implementing a new quality system called for by the proshyposed regulations at $34500 per reshypair station Many small operations cannot afford such an expense and it could force some to close their doors

We fear that these requirements would ultimately result in diminshyished availability of qualified and experienced maintenance expertise especially for the vintage fleet said Earl Lawrence EAA vice president of industry and regulatory affairs Airshycraft owners could be forced to use maintenance facilities with less speshycialized experience on their aircraft type making it more difficult to comshyplete major repairs and changes to small aircraft potentially impacting safety as well

EAA also questions the feasibility of requiring repair stations to mainshytain an approved capability list for each make series and model of airshycraft its permitted to work on Many small operators often inspect and maintain virtually hundreds of airshycraft types creating an administrashytive nightmare

EAA is willing to discuss how the FAA could best address its quality concerns while ensuring the ownshyers of small aircraft continue to have ready access to repair station services One suggestion EAA proposed is to exempt or lessen requirements for smaller shops with fewer than a given number of employees

EAAs full comments can be found at wwwEAAorgcommunications eaanewsRepa ir_Station_NPRM_Draftpdf The notice of proposed rulemaking is at httpDMSESDOTgovdocimages pdf99431749_webpdf 32 JUNE 2007

Young Eagle 13 Million Hails From New Mexico

Arlene Martinez in the right seat with volunteer Young Eagles pilot Paul Rachels

The EAA Young Eagles program the worlds most successful youth aviation initiative ever has registered the 13-millionth Young Eagle flown She is Arlene Martinez age 12 of Yuma Arizona who took her flight on March 17 at Somerton Airport (54AZ) in a Cessna 170 piloted by Paul Rachels EAA 633950 Rachels is president and Young Eagles coordinator for Yuma EAA Chapter 590

Arlene was very enthusiastic said Rachels who has flown 123 Young Eagles She definitely enjoyed the flight and would like to do it again He always gets a kick out of how kids react to their special flights Its as incredible an experience

for me as it is for them and I have 700 hours of flight time Steve Buss EAA Young Eagles executive director called it another important

milestone for the program which this year marks its 15th anniversary year-the birthday will be marked at AirVenture this year Its wonderful to recognize Paul and Arlenes flight but we also applaud the outstanding continuing support and enthusiasm for Young Eagles by our members We extend our congratulations to all who have helped the program reach this unprecedented level of participation

Nominations Due June 15 for EAA Young Eagles Awards Each year EAA honors several special volunteers at EAA AirVenture with the

annual Young Eagles awards and theres still time to nominate a deserving pershyson for 2007

Nominations for the following awards are being accepted through June 15

bull Chapter Coordinator bull Field Representative bull Ground Support Volunteer bull Young Eagles Humanitarian (presented for efforts to reach special needs

Young Eagles) bull Young Eagles Horizon Award (recognizing efforts to go beyond the basic

Young Eagles flight) Awards will be presented at a special ceremony held at EAA AirVenture Museshy

ums Eagle Hangar on Wednesday July 25 To download the official nomination form visit wwwYoungEaglesorgvolunteersaward_nominationpdf

BY BUCK HILBERT

The very beginning of airworthiness certificates pilot certificates

For many years Ive talked and writshy barnstormers and promote some ten about the beginnings of the Aero order and safety to their flying It had Club of America (ACA) now known one other side effect No record atshyas the National Aeronautic Associashy tempt or air show (or air meet as they tion (NAA) Ive explained how this were called back then) could be staged pioneer era appointed Orville Wright without the approval of the Aero as the chairman of the Contest amp Reshy Club which was affiliated with the cords Board and how a pilot registrashy international governing body the Feshytion program came into being deration Aeronautique Internationale

The World War I pilots returning (FAI) The contestant was required to home were barnstorming and othershy be a member of the Aero Club which wise doing their best to make a living then issued a certification to the pishyin aviation That led to attempts to lot Hence the FAlSporting License register and somehow civilize these old-timers would show was signed by

Certifying Aircraft and Pilots

AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATE IauecI to VIlICElll ASTOR Arw 23 W 26th Sl BYCit shy

m~ts CnltiUs that the Aircraft described below has been Inspected and found AiruIo~ for daylight llyin on AJIlI 0VEIl WUER OKLY

For the Fl)1nA Season of 1922 ~- ~-=l1=~== Cmlampato NJiI~_ _ -- UND ElV1UTEIS~OIlIS Iae

o o-_pmiIyenr3~J__I922 III _ - ~ t

_ _ Mri N=A1fefJ~mATE WAmR AmClWr _ _______ 1 - PQRIlrASRDWTCJN l T bull Y

N_- 01 AlOft to 5 M- 1-1 AJkwL c 9on MuwLOEBDIG AERO ElIGR C~IIoTNo 23-t SodoIH9~iF--__ 0- 30 pr 3 I~ _ 42 PT 6 U __ n 8 Pr _ 2700 4100 II UMIwI 1400 shy_ 130 M _Cd 20000 hlln_H_ 2S_ _ T LIBRRrY I I OBE __ US 32230 __ Do 5 000 - JfAJlJODS JULY 7 1922

Orville Wright It was a requirement of the federal government No federal requirement for a pilots certificate would come into being until the Air Commerce Act gave that authority and responsibility to the Department of Commerce on May 20 1926

In all of the information Ive read on the early days of the ACA later the NAA there was never any menshytion of aircraft standards or airworshythiness certificates I never quesshytioned it and as a matter of fact I never gave it a thought

Then along comes friend and Vinshytage member Mitch Wohl from Barrington Illinois and he drops two books on my desk The first one I picked up was titled A Symbol of Safety This book was first published in 1923 and tells all about the foundshying of the Underwriters Laboratories (UL) Reprinted in 1995 it goes into great detail as to the history of UL I found it very interesting

The second book published on the 100th anniversary of Underwritshyers Laboratories in 1994 amplifies a bit of the material that was pub-

This airworthiness certificate was issued by an Underwriters Laborashytories inspector Maj J W Jones who deemed the Loening Air Yacht of Vincent Astor to be in airworthy condishytion It is restricted to dayligbt flying and over water only Heres a photo of its sister ship from the 1922 Airshycraft Yearbook

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 3 3

Loening monoplane Flying Yacht 100 hp Liberty engine which made a world record for aHitude with three passengers and pilot 19500 feet

lished in the 1923 book Its entire theme is Making the World Safe for Technology What a revelation both regarding the organization s history in general and its involveshyment in aviation

The real beginnings were at the 1893 Worlds Fair at the Great White City in Chicago The Electricity Building had frequent visits by the fire brigade in response to the new alshyternating current electricity displays catching fire and causing problems It was then that William Henry Merrill began his testing lab which proved

electricity could be a servant rather than a master

Our only function is to serve not to profit We are doing someshything for manufacturers buyers and property owners everywhere We are doing things for humanity was a direct quote from Merrill This was the beginning of the lab The lab was funded by corporations that wanted their products tested as well as by the insurance underwriters themselves

From 1893 through 1905 the budshyget expanded from a mere $3000 to more than $300000 During that

The book goes into

great detail

as to physical

standards for

airmen There were

all sorts of tests

for altitude tolerance

fatigue and eyesight

and their standards

specify annual physicals

rAiLW~eeL5

srlINSON 15 JOCII~Y

34 JUNE 2007

time more than 7500 reports were published the lab moved to larger quarters it was chartered in Illinois and the landmark inspection and label service was established Within two years UL inspectors were at work in 67 citshyies UL got into everything electrical fire prevention fire extinguishers automobiles oil and gasses and transportashytion as well Thats where we come in airplanes

When the first commercial airplane takes off here in the USA in the 20s UL registers airplanes certifies pilots and issues the now rather quaint-sounding Rules of the Air

Im getting ahead of the full story but in a nutshell the National Aircraft Underwriters Association proposed and requested UL become the custodian of the official register of all aircraft pilots (other than government pilots) and take full charge of all details connected therewith

UL undertook this branch of the work on July I 1921 The book goes into great detail as to physical stanshy

dards for airmen There were all sorts of tests for altitude tolerance fatigue and eyesight and their standards specify annual physicals

No wonder the early birds were considered supermen The next step was to create a register of commercial and private aircraft On May I 1922 UL began a nationwide inspection service in order to make it possible to issue cershytificates of airworthiness for individual aircraft The details of the inspections and the people employed to conduct them is an early Whos Who in aviation The inspections were very stringent and as demanding for the aircraft as they were for the pilots

And that dear friends is the story of the first airworshythiness certificates They were all issued long before the Department of Commerce became involved and of course long before the creation of the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) and the Federal Aviation Administration

Little by little the freedoms of flight have been whittled down and the myriad of Federal Aviation Regulations we live with came about but here fellow pilots and aircraft owners was the very beginning and it was the insurance people who started it all I(

Over to you (( ~((~

~ Call to order your copies today

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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 35

BY HG FRAUTSCHY

THIS MONTHS MYSTERY PLANE PHOTO IS A BIT OF A MULLIGAN FOR THOSE OF YOU

WHO HAVE ENJOYED L1GHTPLANES FOR A NUMBER OF YEARS STILL NOT MUCH IS PUBLISHED ABOUT THIS RATHER ATTRACTIVE AMPHIBIAN

Send your answer to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box You can also send your response via e-mail Send 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Your answer needs your answer to mysteryplaneeaaorg Be sure to include to be in no later than July 15 for inclusion in the your name city and state in the body of your note and September 2007 issue of Vintage Airplane put I(Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line

MARCH S MYSTERY ANSWER

36 J UN E 2007

nology olph Dope

Heres a little about the March Mystery Plane

The subject Mystery Plane apshypears to be the Longren NL-13 sin 2 X12538 built in 1932 by Albin K Longren (1882-1950) in Kansas City Missouri Longren had been a design consultant for Butler Manushyfacturing Co during the certificashytion of the Butler Blackhawk and built the NL-13 in the Butler facility with help from Butler employees Butler had ceased production by that time in the depths of the Great Depression The NL-13 had an allshy

wing spars and the fabric wing covshyering The engine was a 120-hp Marshytin 333 inve rted inline with four cylinders The X12538 was the only NL-13 built and was not successful in reaching production although it was an ea rly example of formed alushyminum aircraft structures

My information comes from Aeroshyfilescom and from Chuck (Charles E) Lebrechts fine article entitled AK Longren - Pioneer Airman of the West published in American Aviation Historishycal Society Journal Vol26 No4 Winshyter 1981 pp258-270 Lebrechts article gives a great vjew of Longrens career as an aircraft designer and manufacturer

Jack Erickson State College Pennsylvania Other correct answers were reshy

ceived from WaIt House Wichshyita Kansas George Otto Snook Monroe Michigan John Miller Wamego Kansas Cam Bla ze r Leawood Kansas An extensive arshyticle on the airplane and AK Lonshygren written by Wesley Smith is also included in this issue of Vinshytage Airplane

metal airframe except for wooden 1---------------------------------shy

eners and bulkheads the NL-13 fuselage had a safety factor able to absorb 1683g

ahead of the center of gravity (CG) and 11g aft of the CG

This made the fuselage of the NL-13 considerably stronger than that of the Stearman YBT-3 Boeing P-26A Conshysolidated P-30 and Boeing P-12B with which it was compared the YBT-3 having a maximum g-Ioading potential of 109

both fore and aft of the CG While the reshyport recommended the possible adoption of Longrens construction techniques orshyders for the NL-13 were not forthcoming and no further examples were built

With the demise of Butler Longren went to work for himself using a porshytion of the former Butler factory at the Kansas City Municipal Airport In 1933-34 Longren did the initial metal work on the Luscombe Phantom and developed metal-working techniques with his partner Ivan Driggs Plans for opening another aircraft factory were put on hold when Cessn a reopened their Wichita Kansas facility in 1934 for production of the Cessna C-34 Cessna hired Longren as vjce-president a posishy

tion that he held until 1939 when he moved to Torrance California to open the Longren Aircraft Company

While Longren built no further airshycraft he became a successful subconshytractor of prefabricated components for other aircraft manufacturers After the end of World War II Longren sold his company and retired to a 3OOO-acre ranch at Adin Ca lifornia where he passed away due to a heart condition on Nov 19 1950 at age 68

The defini tive Longren article was written by Mr Charles E Lebrecht and was published in the Winter 1981 edishytion of the American Aviation Historical Society Journal (Volume 26 Number 4 pages 258-270) I am indebted to Mr Lebrechts excellent research for the inshyformation in this piece Further informashytion on AK Longren can be found in the pages of Aviation Quarterly (Mace Kenshyneth D Pioneer Airmen ofKansas Volshyume 5 Number 2 Second Quarter 1979 pages 152-163) Mr Maces article is also quite well-written and contains severshyal beautiful photos of Longrens aircraft as well as the 1908 Call Mayfly

VINTAGE A I RPLANE 37

The fo llowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter of information only and does not constishytute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed To submit an event send the information via mail to Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Or e-mail the information to vintageaircrafteaaorg Information should be received four months prior to the event date

JUNE S-IO-Union IL-Poplar Grove Airport Army Wings and Wheels Info Vintage Wings amp Wheels Museum 815-547middot3115 Tom Murray hiwheelsbcglobalnet

JUNE 14-17-St Louis MO-Dauster Flying Field Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) American Waco Club Flymiddotln Info Phil Coulson 269shy624-6490 or rcoulson516cscom www americanwacoclubcom

JUNE 20-2l--Lock Haven PA-William T Piper Memorial Airport (LHV) Sentimental Journey Fly-In Family oriented fly-in featuring antique and classic aircraft of all makes and models especially PIPERS Seminars vendors food camping and entertainment daily Come for the day or the week Call 570-893-4200 or 748shy5123 for more information j3cubkcnet org wwwsentimentaljourneyfly-incom

JUNE 21-24-Mt Vernon Ohio-Wynkoop Airport (6G4) 48th Annual National Waco Club Reunion Check www nationalwacoclubcom for more information and contact information Or email call Andy Heins 937 313 5931 wacoasoaolcom

JUNE 22-24-Gardner KA-Gardner Municipal Airport (K34) Greater KC VAA Chapter 16 Fly-in Contact Kevin Pratt 816-985-3248

JUNE 23-Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

JUNE 30-Chetek WI-The Chetek WI (Y23) 9AM car show craft fair and show a professional horse pull and a water ski show Plenty of food and drink available throughout the day For more info contact Chuck Harrison 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet or Tim Knutson 715-237shy2477 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

JUNE 31-Russellville KY- Russellville-Logan County Airport (4M7) 9th Annual All You Can Eat BarBQ Lunch 1100am - 200pm Rain Date July 5th Aircraft displays skydiving door prizes Everyone welcome For more information eaal165yahoo com wwwangelfirecom ky3 eaal165 Joe Lawrence 270-726-1558

JULY 4-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-llam For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

JULY 6-8--All iance Oh (2Dl)-Taylorcraft and Ohio Aeronca Aviators Fly-In See the airplanes built in Alliance OH amp Middletown

38 JU N E 2007

OH and the people that built them Camping motels food all day fbarberalliancelinkcom 330823-1168 bwmatzllacyahoocom 216 337-5643 httpwwwoaafy-incom see wwwbarberaircraftcom for airport diagrams Breakfast served Sat amp Sun 7AM to 11AM by EM Chapter 82

JULY 14-Zanesville OH-Parr Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

AUGUST 5-Queen City MO-Applegate Airport (15MO) 20th Annual Watermelon Fly-In amp BBQ 2pm til dark Come and see grass roots aviation at its best Info 660-766-2644

AUGUST S-Chetek WI-Southworth Municipal airport (Y23) BBQ Fly-In 1030am Warbird displays antique and unique airplanes antique amp collector car displays and raffles for airplane rides Procedes will be given to local charities Info Chuck Harrison - Office 715-924shy4501 Cell 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet Tim Knutson - Home 715-237-2477 Cell 651-308-2839 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

AUGUST 17-19--McMinnville OR-25th Annual West Coast Travel Air Reunion Come Celebrate the Rebirth of the Travel Air Expected to be the largest gathering of Vintage Travel Airs in recent times Held in conjunction with the Northwest Antique Airplane Club Event Info Bruce McElhoe 559-638-3746

AUGUST 18--Forest Lake MN-(25D)-Airport Fly-in and Open House lOam - 4pm 24shyhour gas and 24-hour grass 3000-foot 31 13 Forest Lake Lions serve brats corn-ltgtn-the-cob and ice cream 100LL is available John Schmidt EM 250021 St Paul Minnesota 651 776 1717

AUGUST IS-I9-Long Island NY- Bayport (23N) Annual Antique Aeroplane Fly-In Old time movies popcorn pig roast flour bomb drop and spot landing contest with the days ending in the in famous Sheep Shagger Baa For more info wwwAACGNY org or email Stuart Bain at Sbain emediaofny com

AUGUST 19-Brookfield WI-Capitol Airport (02C) Ice Cream Social and vintage Aircraft Display VAA Chapter 11 Dean London 262-442-4622

AUGUST 2S-Niles MI-Jerry Tyler Memorial Airport (3TR) VAA Chapter 35 Annual Corn amp Sausage Roast Lunch served 1100am

to 300 pm Rain date on Sunday August 26th Donations of $500 for adults and $300 for children under 12 Contact Len Jansen tripacerlenyahoocom

SEPTEMBER I -Marion IN-Marion Municipal Airport (MZZ) 17th Annual Fly-In Cruise-In 700am until 200pm This annual event features antique classic homebuilt ultralight and warbird aircraft as well as vintage cars trucks motorcycles and tractors An all-you-can-eat Pancake Breakfast is served with all proceeds going to the local Marion High School Marching Band wwwFlylnCruiselncomlnfo Ray Johnson (765) 664-2588 or rjohnson indyrrcom

SEPTEMBER I -Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $2 50 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer Phone (740) 454-7487

SEPTEMBER 2-Mondovi WI-21st Annual Log Cabin Airport Fly-In Doug Ward Owner Operator 715-287-4205 Lunch noon

SEPTEMBER 8-Newark Ohio-NewarkshyHeath Airport (VTA) Annual Fly-In DriveshyIn Breakfast Pancakes and More Young Eagles Flights Vintage Airplanes Classic Cars Tom McFadden 740-587shy2312 email EAA402adelphianet

SEPTEMBER 9-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-12pm For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

SEPTEMBER 21-22- Bartlesville OK-Frank Phillips Field (BVO) 51st Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-In Antiques Classics Light Sport Warbirds Forum Type Clubs Info Charlie Harris 918-622shy8400 wwwtulsafyincom

OCTOBER 5-7-Camden SC-Kershaw County Airport (KCDN) VAA Chapter 3 Fall Fly-In All classes welcome BBQ on field Fri Evening EAA judging all classes Sat Banquet Sat Nite Info Jim Wilson 843-753-7138 or eiwilson homexpresswaynet

OCTOBER 5-7-St Louis MO-Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) The Monocoupe Club Fly-In amp Reunion wwwmonocoupecom

OCTOBER IO-I4-Tuliahoma TN- Beech Birthday Party 2007 Staggerwing Twin Beech 18 Bonanza Baron Beech ownersamp enthusiasts Info 931shy455-1974

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2007 MAJOR FLy-INS

For details on EM Chapter flymiddotins and other local avimiddot ation events visit wwweaaorgjevents

Golden West EAA Regional Ay-In

Yuba County Airport (MYV) Marysville CA

June 29middotJuly 1 2007 wwwGodenWestRynorg

Rocky Mountain EAA Regional AyJn Front Range Airport (FTG) Watkins CO

June 23-24 2007 wwwRMRRorg

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Arlington Municipal Airport (AWO) Arlington WA July 11-15 2007

wwwNWEAAorg

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PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086

MISCELLANEOUS BABBITT BEARING SERVICE - rod

Wittman Regional Airport (OSH) Oshkosh WI July 23-29 2007 wwwAirVentureorg

EAA Mld-Eastem Regional Ay-In Mansfield Lahm Airport Mansfield OH August 25-26 2007

httpMERR info

Virginia Regional EAA Ay-In

Dinwiddie County Airport (PTB) Petersburg VA October 6-7 2007 wwwVAEAAorg

EAA Southeast Regional Ay-In Middleton Field Airport (GZH) Evergreen AL October 12-14 2007 wwwSERRorg

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October 25-28 2007 wwwcopperstateorg

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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 39

VINTAGE AIRCRAFT

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40 JUNE 2007

-=-_tI 8015 CONCER

~oNO~Y )JY 13

presented by Ecpse ~1aton n 8lt ford otor col1pa y

Page 28: PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATIONmembers.eaavintage.org/wp...Vol-35-No-6-June-2007.pdf · PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION . ... Flightline Safety Committee and their

_ 55 ~a-~~~ition

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8 mama ~ liDgt ~ JAGUAR

LIN COL N MERCURY

EXTRA The Butler Manufacturing Co NL-I3 biplane

The March 2007 Mystery Plane is the 1932 Butler Manufacturing Co NL-13 biplane designed by Albin Kasper Longren (sometimes simply reshyferred to as the Longren NL-13)

AK Longren had a very long and interesting aviation career Born in a log cabin near Clay Center Kansas in 1882 he was the one of 14 children born to Swedish immigrant homeshystead farmers Charles and Emma Lonshygren In 1901 he took a business course from the International Corresponshydence School (ICS) which he followed up with an ICS diploma in mechanical engineering from 1907-1911

Longrens interest in aviation beshygan with his observations of Henry L Call in 1908 Call originally a New York lawyer author and socialist had moved to Girard Kansas in February of 1908 in order to construct a large and ungainly flying machine powered by two 20-hp Curtiss B-4 engines Known as the Mayfly and The Chicken (among other colorful names) the airshycraft failed to fly despite modification Call enjoyed the support of the nashytional socialist newspaper An Appeal to Reason and constructed several aircraft under the aegis of The Aerial Navigashytion Company of America starting in 1908 before the company changed its name

Beginning in 1911 Call manushyfactured two-cylinder and fourshycylinder horizontally opposed air-cooled engines which h e marshyketed to would-be aviators through

28 JUNE 2007

BY WESLEY SMITH

advertisements (primarily in Aircraft and Fly magazines published by Alshyfred W Lawson of 1920 Lawson Airshyliner fame) The two-cylinder Call was rated at 45 hp and the four-cylshyinder engine was rated at 90 hp Call engines were among the first aircraft engine to be fitted with mufflers an individual muffler being attached to the exhaust port of each cylinder

With his brother EJ Longren and a mechanic named William Janeke Longren constructed a Curtiss-type pusher biplane in Topeka Kansas Beshygun in the summer of 1910 the Toshypeka I was not completed until the fall of 1911 Fitted with a 60-hp Hall-Scott A-2 a water-cooled V-8 the Topeka I became the first successful aircraft to be completed in the state of Kansas Longren made his first flight on Sepshytember 2 and on September 5 1911 he made two flights the first flight reaching about 225 feet in altitude and covering 15 miles and the secshyond reaching about 300 feet and covshyering six miles

Of course Longren was only one of numerous individuals who built Curtiss-type pushers Plans for early Herring-Curtiss machines were pubshylished in Aeronautics and other aviashytion periodicals as well as in books With some individual alterations many such aircraft were built in the United States prior to Americas entry into World War 1

At any rate Longren soon went into the exhibition business with

H Young renaming the Topeka I as the Dixie Flyer The words Dixie Flyer - AK Longren - Aviator were painted on the underside of the Topeka IDishyxie Flyers monoplane canard Between 1911 and 1914 Longren gave 1372 exhibition flights in Kansas Texas Oklahoma Nebraska and Colorado for the Young Aviation Co

In 1912 Longren built a second Curshytiss-type with a Hall-Scott A-2 This airshycraft incorporated the improvements Curtiss had made to his newer aircraft during 1911-1912 and in due course the mid-gap ailerons were moved to the trailing edges of the upper wing This aircraft was sold to Longrens forshymer student and friend Phil Billard who used it to give exhibition flights This aircraft sometimes known as the Topeka II was presented to the Kansas State Historical Society in 1938 where it still exists as a display

In the spring of 1914 Longren took time to marry Ms Dolly Trent Later that winter (1914-1915) Longren built his first entirely original aircraft design - a two-place tractor biplane again seshylecting the reliable Hall-Scott as the powerplant During an exhibition at the Dickson County Fair at Abilene on September 9 1915 the aircraft stalled on takeoff and was destroyed hitting an automobile that was leaving the fairshygrounds Longrens passenger was relashytively unscathed but Longren suffered a broken leg and several internal injuries

While recovering from his injushyries in early 1916 Longren with Phil

Billard began the construction of his fourth aircraft the Model G The Model G was a clean two-place tractor biplane with a strong resemblance to a Curtiss IN-4 In fact it was powered by a Curtiss OX-2 and was intended for sale to the warring European powers However only two were sold one to the Kansas National Guard the other being used for exhibition flights

Late in the year Longren built a small tractor biplane sometimes reshyferred to as the Longren Bus The conshystruction featured a three-ply wooden monocoque fuselage and was built for William Burt of Okmulgee Oklahoma A second machine was constructed for Lester Miller of Dallas Texas who inshytended to use the aircraft for aerobatic exhibitions By late 1917 Longren had moved on to another two-place design known as the Model H As in the case of the earlier Longren Bus the Model H used a wooden monocoque fuselage The Model H was powered by a Curshytiss 90-hp OX-5 engine unfortunately while on his way to Kansas City Misshysouri Longren suffered an engine failshyure near Wakarusa Kansas The aircraft was destroyed in a crash which proved fatal to a cow standing in the field in which Longren was forced down He was made to pay $10000 in restitution to the angry farmer After that interest in the Model H faded away

Late in 1917 Longren became involved with Frederick W Buck MD ME and applied for a posishytion as chief engineer with the Buck Aircraft and Munitions Co of Denshyver To what extent Longren became involved with Dr Buck is unknown Buck (a long with Elmer Sperry and later Charles F Kettering at DaytonshyWright) had plans to develop and sell an aerial torpedo - essentially a small 50-hp biplane cruise misshysile which was intended to fly on a preprogrammed course then shed its wings at the proper time and place depositing a bomb contained within the crude fuselage framework

Longrens career took another path after his debacle with the Model H After failing to establish a new airshycraft company in Overland Park Kansas Longren eventually took a

position at McCook Field as an airshycraft inspector The Great War had cost Longrens friend Phil Billard his life when he was killed in a flying accident while serving in Issoudun France Longrens position at McshyCook had allowed him the opportushynity to examine every domestic and foreign-built aircraft tested there unshytil the time of his departure in 1919 On June 17 1919 Longren formed the Longren Aircraft Corp in Topeka Kansas using a former woolen mill in the Oakland suburb as the site for the new corporation The first aircraft to come out of the plant was the rebuilt Model H now resurrected as the H-2 It is unclear as to how the H-2 differed from the earlier Model H but by midshy1920 Longren had gone in yet another direction with the construction of the two-place Model D-2 - a small aircraft powered by a three-cylinder Y conshyfiguration Lawrence Model B engine of 35-60 hp Within a year the D-2 had evolved to become the Longren Model AK Sport

Described in the pages of Aviashy

tion and Aerial Age Weekly (Volume 11 Number 12 Sept 291921 pages 336-337 and Volume 14 Numshyber 3 Sept 26 1921 pages 55-56 respectively) the two-place Longren Sport or Fibre Sport was a sensational design that incorporated the three-ply laminated wooden monocoque fuseshylage of the 1916 Longren Bus and the 1917 Model H and a set of folding biplane wings to facilitate storage It is unclear as to how the fuselage of the Sport may have differed from earshylier Longren monocoque construcshytion techniques if at all

However a 1925 Longren patent describes the use of diamond-shaped wood fibre shell (procured from the National Fibre Co) being covered with an additional two layers of wood laminations on either side The fushyselage was made in upper and lower halves using steam-pipe-heated conshycrete male and female molds clamped together using 6000 pounds of presshysure The sections were then trimmed and dried with special provision for humidity control before being joined

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 29

to a framework of grooved ash longeshyrons and formers The fuselage formshyers were made of three-ply materials engine-bearing formers were made of a seven-ply material The formers were in turn attached to the fuseshylage shells with screws Finally the fushyselage was varnished inside and out with Valspar varnish the exterior reshyceiving a coat of pigmented varnish before a final clear coat

Sold with both Lawrence Model Lshy2 three-cylinder Y-style and Anzani sixshycylinder radial engines the Longren Fibre Sport was flown in several notashyble Midwestern aviation events during the early 1920s During the American Legion Air Meet at Kansas City (Octoshyber 31 - November 3 1921) the Sport made 38 consecutive loops while being flown by ND Trinler Two Sports were also flown during a special efficiency race held at Omaha Nebraska on Noshyvember 11 An AK Sport again flown by Trinler placed second with a speed of 7791 mph when flown over a 153shymile triangular course Later that Noshyvember two AK Sports were placed at the disposal of the Kansas City Star to deliver newspapers from Kansas City to Lawrence Kansas in record time During a game between the Missouri Tigers and the Kansasjayhawks a teleshygraph wired a play-by-play account of the football game to the Stars office The newspapers were then promptly set printed and delivered via aircraft to the Lawrence street vendors beshyfore departing fans were even able to reach their homes

After establishing a climb record for Longren aircraft in 1922 the Longren Sport attracted the attention of customshyers from as far away as China and the Soviet Union In 1923 the US Navy became interested and on February 19 1924 Lt jB Kneip flew the accepshytance tests for the first of three Lonshygren AK Sports that were sold to the Navy (serial numbered A6745 through A6747) The first machine was shipped to Washington DC for testing at the Anacostia Naval Air Station while the other two were delivered to Pensacola However documentation of their subshysequent testing and use by the Navy remains elusive

30 JUNE 2007

Photos of Longren Sports and the later NL-13 show the distinctive Lonshygren company logo painted on the side of the fuselage and perhaps a few words need to be said about it This consisted of four capital ilLs joined at the top of each letter This formed a crux gammata or swastika although the direction the letters pointed was counter-clockshywise as opposed the symbols use on aircraft flown by Nazi Germany in which the bottom of the ilLs point in a clockwise direction Prior to its adoption by the Nazi Party this ancient symbol was seen as far afield at the Southwestshyern United States where it was a sacred symbol of Native Americans and in Inshydia and in Runic Europe During The Great War the Indian head emblem of Seaplane Pilots Association (SPA) 124 included a crux gammata as part of the headdress worn by the Native Amerishycan chief tan In its time and place it was considered as a symbol of good forshytune and was in no way considered to be an insult In fact after World War I Finland adopted a grayish-blue crux

gammata inscribed within a white circle as the national insignia for its aircraft In Longrens case the ilL was inscribed with a second ilL and the rest of the letters in Longrens surname In addishytion to that a circular logo and was placed at the center of the emblem to which a set of wings and a propeller reached out to a point near the tips of the ilLs So as it turns out the Lonshygren swastika was covered by what might roughly be considered a crux

immissa or crucifix Longren had no connections to fascist idealism The company logo which originated in the Midwest in the early 20s was simply a clever play on the primary letter in Longrens surname

No matter how good an aircraft the Longren Sport was the company could not survive on such limited orders and the last aircraft was sold in May of 1924 The remaining company assets patents and facilities were sold at an auction in March 1926 The Longren Sport was resurrected briefly in 1928 when the American Eagle Aircraft Corporation of Kansas City Missouri built a solitary aircraft as the Model A-429 However the aircraft was much different than the

original Longren Sport and the design was not pursued further Following the collapse of his company Longren was hired by Willis Brown to become viceshypresident of production at the Spartan Aircraft Co in Tulsa When Brown left in 1929 Longren also moved on to beshycome a design consultant at the Butshyler Manufacturing Co at Kansas City Butler had planned to manufacture the Butler Blackhawk biplane However the company was unable to do this and all manufacturing was halted in 1931 At this pOint Longren made a deal to build a new airplane -- the NL-13

Registered as X12538 and sporting the distinctive Longren fuselage logo the NL-13 (NL possibly standing for New Longren) fuselage was built usshying a new machine-forming method for heat-treated duralumin sheets The upper and lower fuselage halves of the 1932 NL-13 biplane were joined to T-shaped longerons and riveted toshygether Fuselage formers also made of liT cross-section were riveted to the halves creating a very strong duralushymin semi-monocoque fuselage Like the earlier Longren AK the NL-13 had twin side-by-side seating The powerplant of the aircraft was a Martin 333 of 120 hp With the exception of the wing spars the NL-13 was of all-metal construction the wings being fabric covered

The aircraft was first tested by George Gay in August of 1932 At that time Gay worked for the aeronautics branch of the Civil Aeronautics Administrashytion (CAA) The aircraft was found to be slightly tail-heavy This was cured by a slight stabilizer adjustment The engine also suffered from a slight overshyheating problem This was corrected by enlarging the cooling louvers and subshystituting the original propeller with anshyother type

The NL-13 had a span of 28 feet and a length of 22 feet Apparently the goal of the NL-13 was to obtain a military contract After further testing at Roosshyevelt Field Long Island New York the fuselage of the NL-13 was sold to the United States Army Air Corps and underwent stress evaluation at Wright Field Dayton OhiO in june 1933 After slight modification to some of the stiff-

continued on page 37

Flying to me is all about having fun Its grass strips and old

friends and old airplanes The folks at AUA understand my kind

of flying and my kind of airplanes They provide great service

at very good rates and they know me as an individual not just

a policy number

- Darrell Jenkins

Dan-ell Jenkins Heber Springs AR

bull Private pilot single-engine land and sea

bull 500 hours total shy300 in taildraggers

bull Current aircraft 1948 Ercoupe 415-E

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continued from page 3

EAA Seeks to Preserve Access to Repair Station Services

EAA cautions that proposed aircraft repair station certification regulations could harm many small general aviashytion shops and adversely affect airshycraft owners seeking to maintain the airworthiness of their aircraft

The FAA estimates the cost for deshyveloping and implementing a new quality system called for by the proshyposed regulations at $34500 per reshypair station Many small operations cannot afford such an expense and it could force some to close their doors

We fear that these requirements would ultimately result in diminshyished availability of qualified and experienced maintenance expertise especially for the vintage fleet said Earl Lawrence EAA vice president of industry and regulatory affairs Airshycraft owners could be forced to use maintenance facilities with less speshycialized experience on their aircraft type making it more difficult to comshyplete major repairs and changes to small aircraft potentially impacting safety as well

EAA also questions the feasibility of requiring repair stations to mainshytain an approved capability list for each make series and model of airshycraft its permitted to work on Many small operators often inspect and maintain virtually hundreds of airshycraft types creating an administrashytive nightmare

EAA is willing to discuss how the FAA could best address its quality concerns while ensuring the ownshyers of small aircraft continue to have ready access to repair station services One suggestion EAA proposed is to exempt or lessen requirements for smaller shops with fewer than a given number of employees

EAAs full comments can be found at wwwEAAorgcommunications eaanewsRepa ir_Station_NPRM_Draftpdf The notice of proposed rulemaking is at httpDMSESDOTgovdocimages pdf99431749_webpdf 32 JUNE 2007

Young Eagle 13 Million Hails From New Mexico

Arlene Martinez in the right seat with volunteer Young Eagles pilot Paul Rachels

The EAA Young Eagles program the worlds most successful youth aviation initiative ever has registered the 13-millionth Young Eagle flown She is Arlene Martinez age 12 of Yuma Arizona who took her flight on March 17 at Somerton Airport (54AZ) in a Cessna 170 piloted by Paul Rachels EAA 633950 Rachels is president and Young Eagles coordinator for Yuma EAA Chapter 590

Arlene was very enthusiastic said Rachels who has flown 123 Young Eagles She definitely enjoyed the flight and would like to do it again He always gets a kick out of how kids react to their special flights Its as incredible an experience

for me as it is for them and I have 700 hours of flight time Steve Buss EAA Young Eagles executive director called it another important

milestone for the program which this year marks its 15th anniversary year-the birthday will be marked at AirVenture this year Its wonderful to recognize Paul and Arlenes flight but we also applaud the outstanding continuing support and enthusiasm for Young Eagles by our members We extend our congratulations to all who have helped the program reach this unprecedented level of participation

Nominations Due June 15 for EAA Young Eagles Awards Each year EAA honors several special volunteers at EAA AirVenture with the

annual Young Eagles awards and theres still time to nominate a deserving pershyson for 2007

Nominations for the following awards are being accepted through June 15

bull Chapter Coordinator bull Field Representative bull Ground Support Volunteer bull Young Eagles Humanitarian (presented for efforts to reach special needs

Young Eagles) bull Young Eagles Horizon Award (recognizing efforts to go beyond the basic

Young Eagles flight) Awards will be presented at a special ceremony held at EAA AirVenture Museshy

ums Eagle Hangar on Wednesday July 25 To download the official nomination form visit wwwYoungEaglesorgvolunteersaward_nominationpdf

BY BUCK HILBERT

The very beginning of airworthiness certificates pilot certificates

For many years Ive talked and writshy barnstormers and promote some ten about the beginnings of the Aero order and safety to their flying It had Club of America (ACA) now known one other side effect No record atshyas the National Aeronautic Associashy tempt or air show (or air meet as they tion (NAA) Ive explained how this were called back then) could be staged pioneer era appointed Orville Wright without the approval of the Aero as the chairman of the Contest amp Reshy Club which was affiliated with the cords Board and how a pilot registrashy international governing body the Feshytion program came into being deration Aeronautique Internationale

The World War I pilots returning (FAI) The contestant was required to home were barnstorming and othershy be a member of the Aero Club which wise doing their best to make a living then issued a certification to the pishyin aviation That led to attempts to lot Hence the FAlSporting License register and somehow civilize these old-timers would show was signed by

Certifying Aircraft and Pilots

AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATE IauecI to VIlICElll ASTOR Arw 23 W 26th Sl BYCit shy

m~ts CnltiUs that the Aircraft described below has been Inspected and found AiruIo~ for daylight llyin on AJIlI 0VEIl WUER OKLY

For the Fl)1nA Season of 1922 ~- ~-=l1=~== Cmlampato NJiI~_ _ -- UND ElV1UTEIS~OIlIS Iae

o o-_pmiIyenr3~J__I922 III _ - ~ t

_ _ Mri N=A1fefJ~mATE WAmR AmClWr _ _______ 1 - PQRIlrASRDWTCJN l T bull Y

N_- 01 AlOft to 5 M- 1-1 AJkwL c 9on MuwLOEBDIG AERO ElIGR C~IIoTNo 23-t SodoIH9~iF--__ 0- 30 pr 3 I~ _ 42 PT 6 U __ n 8 Pr _ 2700 4100 II UMIwI 1400 shy_ 130 M _Cd 20000 hlln_H_ 2S_ _ T LIBRRrY I I OBE __ US 32230 __ Do 5 000 - JfAJlJODS JULY 7 1922

Orville Wright It was a requirement of the federal government No federal requirement for a pilots certificate would come into being until the Air Commerce Act gave that authority and responsibility to the Department of Commerce on May 20 1926

In all of the information Ive read on the early days of the ACA later the NAA there was never any menshytion of aircraft standards or airworshythiness certificates I never quesshytioned it and as a matter of fact I never gave it a thought

Then along comes friend and Vinshytage member Mitch Wohl from Barrington Illinois and he drops two books on my desk The first one I picked up was titled A Symbol of Safety This book was first published in 1923 and tells all about the foundshying of the Underwriters Laboratories (UL) Reprinted in 1995 it goes into great detail as to the history of UL I found it very interesting

The second book published on the 100th anniversary of Underwritshyers Laboratories in 1994 amplifies a bit of the material that was pub-

This airworthiness certificate was issued by an Underwriters Laborashytories inspector Maj J W Jones who deemed the Loening Air Yacht of Vincent Astor to be in airworthy condishytion It is restricted to dayligbt flying and over water only Heres a photo of its sister ship from the 1922 Airshycraft Yearbook

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 3 3

Loening monoplane Flying Yacht 100 hp Liberty engine which made a world record for aHitude with three passengers and pilot 19500 feet

lished in the 1923 book Its entire theme is Making the World Safe for Technology What a revelation both regarding the organization s history in general and its involveshyment in aviation

The real beginnings were at the 1893 Worlds Fair at the Great White City in Chicago The Electricity Building had frequent visits by the fire brigade in response to the new alshyternating current electricity displays catching fire and causing problems It was then that William Henry Merrill began his testing lab which proved

electricity could be a servant rather than a master

Our only function is to serve not to profit We are doing someshything for manufacturers buyers and property owners everywhere We are doing things for humanity was a direct quote from Merrill This was the beginning of the lab The lab was funded by corporations that wanted their products tested as well as by the insurance underwriters themselves

From 1893 through 1905 the budshyget expanded from a mere $3000 to more than $300000 During that

The book goes into

great detail

as to physical

standards for

airmen There were

all sorts of tests

for altitude tolerance

fatigue and eyesight

and their standards

specify annual physicals

rAiLW~eeL5

srlINSON 15 JOCII~Y

34 JUNE 2007

time more than 7500 reports were published the lab moved to larger quarters it was chartered in Illinois and the landmark inspection and label service was established Within two years UL inspectors were at work in 67 citshyies UL got into everything electrical fire prevention fire extinguishers automobiles oil and gasses and transportashytion as well Thats where we come in airplanes

When the first commercial airplane takes off here in the USA in the 20s UL registers airplanes certifies pilots and issues the now rather quaint-sounding Rules of the Air

Im getting ahead of the full story but in a nutshell the National Aircraft Underwriters Association proposed and requested UL become the custodian of the official register of all aircraft pilots (other than government pilots) and take full charge of all details connected therewith

UL undertook this branch of the work on July I 1921 The book goes into great detail as to physical stanshy

dards for airmen There were all sorts of tests for altitude tolerance fatigue and eyesight and their standards specify annual physicals

No wonder the early birds were considered supermen The next step was to create a register of commercial and private aircraft On May I 1922 UL began a nationwide inspection service in order to make it possible to issue cershytificates of airworthiness for individual aircraft The details of the inspections and the people employed to conduct them is an early Whos Who in aviation The inspections were very stringent and as demanding for the aircraft as they were for the pilots

And that dear friends is the story of the first airworshythiness certificates They were all issued long before the Department of Commerce became involved and of course long before the creation of the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) and the Federal Aviation Administration

Little by little the freedoms of flight have been whittled down and the myriad of Federal Aviation Regulations we live with came about but here fellow pilots and aircraft owners was the very beginning and it was the insurance people who started it all I(

Over to you (( ~((~

~ Call to order your copies today

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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 35

BY HG FRAUTSCHY

THIS MONTHS MYSTERY PLANE PHOTO IS A BIT OF A MULLIGAN FOR THOSE OF YOU

WHO HAVE ENJOYED L1GHTPLANES FOR A NUMBER OF YEARS STILL NOT MUCH IS PUBLISHED ABOUT THIS RATHER ATTRACTIVE AMPHIBIAN

Send your answer to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box You can also send your response via e-mail Send 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Your answer needs your answer to mysteryplaneeaaorg Be sure to include to be in no later than July 15 for inclusion in the your name city and state in the body of your note and September 2007 issue of Vintage Airplane put I(Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line

MARCH S MYSTERY ANSWER

36 J UN E 2007

nology olph Dope

Heres a little about the March Mystery Plane

The subject Mystery Plane apshypears to be the Longren NL-13 sin 2 X12538 built in 1932 by Albin K Longren (1882-1950) in Kansas City Missouri Longren had been a design consultant for Butler Manushyfacturing Co during the certificashytion of the Butler Blackhawk and built the NL-13 in the Butler facility with help from Butler employees Butler had ceased production by that time in the depths of the Great Depression The NL-13 had an allshy

wing spars and the fabric wing covshyering The engine was a 120-hp Marshytin 333 inve rted inline with four cylinders The X12538 was the only NL-13 built and was not successful in reaching production although it was an ea rly example of formed alushyminum aircraft structures

My information comes from Aeroshyfilescom and from Chuck (Charles E) Lebrechts fine article entitled AK Longren - Pioneer Airman of the West published in American Aviation Historishycal Society Journal Vol26 No4 Winshyter 1981 pp258-270 Lebrechts article gives a great vjew of Longrens career as an aircraft designer and manufacturer

Jack Erickson State College Pennsylvania Other correct answers were reshy

ceived from WaIt House Wichshyita Kansas George Otto Snook Monroe Michigan John Miller Wamego Kansas Cam Bla ze r Leawood Kansas An extensive arshyticle on the airplane and AK Lonshygren written by Wesley Smith is also included in this issue of Vinshytage Airplane

metal airframe except for wooden 1---------------------------------shy

eners and bulkheads the NL-13 fuselage had a safety factor able to absorb 1683g

ahead of the center of gravity (CG) and 11g aft of the CG

This made the fuselage of the NL-13 considerably stronger than that of the Stearman YBT-3 Boeing P-26A Conshysolidated P-30 and Boeing P-12B with which it was compared the YBT-3 having a maximum g-Ioading potential of 109

both fore and aft of the CG While the reshyport recommended the possible adoption of Longrens construction techniques orshyders for the NL-13 were not forthcoming and no further examples were built

With the demise of Butler Longren went to work for himself using a porshytion of the former Butler factory at the Kansas City Municipal Airport In 1933-34 Longren did the initial metal work on the Luscombe Phantom and developed metal-working techniques with his partner Ivan Driggs Plans for opening another aircraft factory were put on hold when Cessn a reopened their Wichita Kansas facility in 1934 for production of the Cessna C-34 Cessna hired Longren as vjce-president a posishy

tion that he held until 1939 when he moved to Torrance California to open the Longren Aircraft Company

While Longren built no further airshycraft he became a successful subconshytractor of prefabricated components for other aircraft manufacturers After the end of World War II Longren sold his company and retired to a 3OOO-acre ranch at Adin Ca lifornia where he passed away due to a heart condition on Nov 19 1950 at age 68

The defini tive Longren article was written by Mr Charles E Lebrecht and was published in the Winter 1981 edishytion of the American Aviation Historical Society Journal (Volume 26 Number 4 pages 258-270) I am indebted to Mr Lebrechts excellent research for the inshyformation in this piece Further informashytion on AK Longren can be found in the pages of Aviation Quarterly (Mace Kenshyneth D Pioneer Airmen ofKansas Volshyume 5 Number 2 Second Quarter 1979 pages 152-163) Mr Maces article is also quite well-written and contains severshyal beautiful photos of Longrens aircraft as well as the 1908 Call Mayfly

VINTAGE A I RPLANE 37

The fo llowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter of information only and does not constishytute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed To submit an event send the information via mail to Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Or e-mail the information to vintageaircrafteaaorg Information should be received four months prior to the event date

JUNE S-IO-Union IL-Poplar Grove Airport Army Wings and Wheels Info Vintage Wings amp Wheels Museum 815-547middot3115 Tom Murray hiwheelsbcglobalnet

JUNE 14-17-St Louis MO-Dauster Flying Field Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) American Waco Club Flymiddotln Info Phil Coulson 269shy624-6490 or rcoulson516cscom www americanwacoclubcom

JUNE 20-2l--Lock Haven PA-William T Piper Memorial Airport (LHV) Sentimental Journey Fly-In Family oriented fly-in featuring antique and classic aircraft of all makes and models especially PIPERS Seminars vendors food camping and entertainment daily Come for the day or the week Call 570-893-4200 or 748shy5123 for more information j3cubkcnet org wwwsentimentaljourneyfly-incom

JUNE 21-24-Mt Vernon Ohio-Wynkoop Airport (6G4) 48th Annual National Waco Club Reunion Check www nationalwacoclubcom for more information and contact information Or email call Andy Heins 937 313 5931 wacoasoaolcom

JUNE 22-24-Gardner KA-Gardner Municipal Airport (K34) Greater KC VAA Chapter 16 Fly-in Contact Kevin Pratt 816-985-3248

JUNE 23-Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

JUNE 30-Chetek WI-The Chetek WI (Y23) 9AM car show craft fair and show a professional horse pull and a water ski show Plenty of food and drink available throughout the day For more info contact Chuck Harrison 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet or Tim Knutson 715-237shy2477 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

JUNE 31-Russellville KY- Russellville-Logan County Airport (4M7) 9th Annual All You Can Eat BarBQ Lunch 1100am - 200pm Rain Date July 5th Aircraft displays skydiving door prizes Everyone welcome For more information eaal165yahoo com wwwangelfirecom ky3 eaal165 Joe Lawrence 270-726-1558

JULY 4-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-llam For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

JULY 6-8--All iance Oh (2Dl)-Taylorcraft and Ohio Aeronca Aviators Fly-In See the airplanes built in Alliance OH amp Middletown

38 JU N E 2007

OH and the people that built them Camping motels food all day fbarberalliancelinkcom 330823-1168 bwmatzllacyahoocom 216 337-5643 httpwwwoaafy-incom see wwwbarberaircraftcom for airport diagrams Breakfast served Sat amp Sun 7AM to 11AM by EM Chapter 82

JULY 14-Zanesville OH-Parr Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

AUGUST 5-Queen City MO-Applegate Airport (15MO) 20th Annual Watermelon Fly-In amp BBQ 2pm til dark Come and see grass roots aviation at its best Info 660-766-2644

AUGUST S-Chetek WI-Southworth Municipal airport (Y23) BBQ Fly-In 1030am Warbird displays antique and unique airplanes antique amp collector car displays and raffles for airplane rides Procedes will be given to local charities Info Chuck Harrison - Office 715-924shy4501 Cell 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet Tim Knutson - Home 715-237-2477 Cell 651-308-2839 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

AUGUST 17-19--McMinnville OR-25th Annual West Coast Travel Air Reunion Come Celebrate the Rebirth of the Travel Air Expected to be the largest gathering of Vintage Travel Airs in recent times Held in conjunction with the Northwest Antique Airplane Club Event Info Bruce McElhoe 559-638-3746

AUGUST 18--Forest Lake MN-(25D)-Airport Fly-in and Open House lOam - 4pm 24shyhour gas and 24-hour grass 3000-foot 31 13 Forest Lake Lions serve brats corn-ltgtn-the-cob and ice cream 100LL is available John Schmidt EM 250021 St Paul Minnesota 651 776 1717

AUGUST IS-I9-Long Island NY- Bayport (23N) Annual Antique Aeroplane Fly-In Old time movies popcorn pig roast flour bomb drop and spot landing contest with the days ending in the in famous Sheep Shagger Baa For more info wwwAACGNY org or email Stuart Bain at Sbain emediaofny com

AUGUST 19-Brookfield WI-Capitol Airport (02C) Ice Cream Social and vintage Aircraft Display VAA Chapter 11 Dean London 262-442-4622

AUGUST 2S-Niles MI-Jerry Tyler Memorial Airport (3TR) VAA Chapter 35 Annual Corn amp Sausage Roast Lunch served 1100am

to 300 pm Rain date on Sunday August 26th Donations of $500 for adults and $300 for children under 12 Contact Len Jansen tripacerlenyahoocom

SEPTEMBER I -Marion IN-Marion Municipal Airport (MZZ) 17th Annual Fly-In Cruise-In 700am until 200pm This annual event features antique classic homebuilt ultralight and warbird aircraft as well as vintage cars trucks motorcycles and tractors An all-you-can-eat Pancake Breakfast is served with all proceeds going to the local Marion High School Marching Band wwwFlylnCruiselncomlnfo Ray Johnson (765) 664-2588 or rjohnson indyrrcom

SEPTEMBER I -Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $2 50 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer Phone (740) 454-7487

SEPTEMBER 2-Mondovi WI-21st Annual Log Cabin Airport Fly-In Doug Ward Owner Operator 715-287-4205 Lunch noon

SEPTEMBER 8-Newark Ohio-NewarkshyHeath Airport (VTA) Annual Fly-In DriveshyIn Breakfast Pancakes and More Young Eagles Flights Vintage Airplanes Classic Cars Tom McFadden 740-587shy2312 email EAA402adelphianet

SEPTEMBER 9-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-12pm For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

SEPTEMBER 21-22- Bartlesville OK-Frank Phillips Field (BVO) 51st Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-In Antiques Classics Light Sport Warbirds Forum Type Clubs Info Charlie Harris 918-622shy8400 wwwtulsafyincom

OCTOBER 5-7-Camden SC-Kershaw County Airport (KCDN) VAA Chapter 3 Fall Fly-In All classes welcome BBQ on field Fri Evening EAA judging all classes Sat Banquet Sat Nite Info Jim Wilson 843-753-7138 or eiwilson homexpresswaynet

OCTOBER 5-7-St Louis MO-Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) The Monocoupe Club Fly-In amp Reunion wwwmonocoupecom

OCTOBER IO-I4-Tuliahoma TN- Beech Birthday Party 2007 Staggerwing Twin Beech 18 Bonanza Baron Beech ownersamp enthusiasts Info 931shy455-1974

Your One STOP Quality Shop Hook up air hose from your compressor Add Glass Beads or otherabrasiveAim powergun 1-888-388-8803 (included) at part and remove 1-780-447-5955 rust paint and scale

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2007 MAJOR FLy-INS

For details on EM Chapter flymiddotins and other local avimiddot ation events visit wwweaaorgjevents

Golden West EAA Regional Ay-In

Yuba County Airport (MYV) Marysville CA

June 29middotJuly 1 2007 wwwGodenWestRynorg

Rocky Mountain EAA Regional AyJn Front Range Airport (FTG) Watkins CO

June 23-24 2007 wwwRMRRorg

Arlington EAA Ay-In

Arlington Municipal Airport (AWO) Arlington WA July 11-15 2007

wwwNWEAAorg

EAA AlrVenture Oshkosh

Something to buy sell or trade Classified Word Ads $550 per 10 words 180 words maximum with boldface

lead-in on first line

Classified Display Ads One column wide (2167 inches) by 1 2 or 3 inches

high at $20 per inch Black and white only and no frequency discounts

Advertising Closing Dates 10th of second month prior to desired issue date

(ie January 10 is the closing date for the March issue) VAA reserves the right

to reject any advertising in conflict with its policies Rates cover one insertion per

issue Classified ads are not accepted via phone Payment must accompany order

Word ads may be sent via fax (920-426-4828) or e-mail (cassadseaaorg) using

credit card payment (all cards accepted) Include name on card complete address

type of card card number and expiration date Make checks payable to EAA

Address advertising correspondence to EAA Publications Classified Ad Manager

PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086

MISCELLANEOUS BABBITT BEARING SERVICE - rod

Wittman Regional Airport (OSH) Oshkosh WI July 23-29 2007 wwwAirVentureorg

EAA Mld-Eastem Regional Ay-In Mansfield Lahm Airport Mansfield OH August 25-26 2007

httpMERR info

Virginia Regional EAA Ay-In

Dinwiddie County Airport (PTB) Petersburg VA October 6-7 2007 wwwVAEAAorg

EAA Southeast Regional Ay-In Middleton Field Airport (GZH) Evergreen AL October 12-14 2007 wwwSERRorg

Copperstate Regional EAA AyJn Casa Grande (Arizona) Municipal Airport (CGZ)

October 25-28 2007 wwwcopperstateorg

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-=-_tI 8015 CONCER

~oNO~Y )JY 13

presented by Ecpse ~1aton n 8lt ford otor col1pa y

Page 29: PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATIONmembers.eaavintage.org/wp...Vol-35-No-6-June-2007.pdf · PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION . ... Flightline Safety Committee and their

EXTRA The Butler Manufacturing Co NL-I3 biplane

The March 2007 Mystery Plane is the 1932 Butler Manufacturing Co NL-13 biplane designed by Albin Kasper Longren (sometimes simply reshyferred to as the Longren NL-13)

AK Longren had a very long and interesting aviation career Born in a log cabin near Clay Center Kansas in 1882 he was the one of 14 children born to Swedish immigrant homeshystead farmers Charles and Emma Lonshygren In 1901 he took a business course from the International Corresponshydence School (ICS) which he followed up with an ICS diploma in mechanical engineering from 1907-1911

Longrens interest in aviation beshygan with his observations of Henry L Call in 1908 Call originally a New York lawyer author and socialist had moved to Girard Kansas in February of 1908 in order to construct a large and ungainly flying machine powered by two 20-hp Curtiss B-4 engines Known as the Mayfly and The Chicken (among other colorful names) the airshycraft failed to fly despite modification Call enjoyed the support of the nashytional socialist newspaper An Appeal to Reason and constructed several aircraft under the aegis of The Aerial Navigashytion Company of America starting in 1908 before the company changed its name

Beginning in 1911 Call manushyfactured two-cylinder and fourshycylinder horizontally opposed air-cooled engines which h e marshyketed to would-be aviators through

28 JUNE 2007

BY WESLEY SMITH

advertisements (primarily in Aircraft and Fly magazines published by Alshyfred W Lawson of 1920 Lawson Airshyliner fame) The two-cylinder Call was rated at 45 hp and the four-cylshyinder engine was rated at 90 hp Call engines were among the first aircraft engine to be fitted with mufflers an individual muffler being attached to the exhaust port of each cylinder

With his brother EJ Longren and a mechanic named William Janeke Longren constructed a Curtiss-type pusher biplane in Topeka Kansas Beshygun in the summer of 1910 the Toshypeka I was not completed until the fall of 1911 Fitted with a 60-hp Hall-Scott A-2 a water-cooled V-8 the Topeka I became the first successful aircraft to be completed in the state of Kansas Longren made his first flight on Sepshytember 2 and on September 5 1911 he made two flights the first flight reaching about 225 feet in altitude and covering 15 miles and the secshyond reaching about 300 feet and covshyering six miles

Of course Longren was only one of numerous individuals who built Curtiss-type pushers Plans for early Herring-Curtiss machines were pubshylished in Aeronautics and other aviashytion periodicals as well as in books With some individual alterations many such aircraft were built in the United States prior to Americas entry into World War 1

At any rate Longren soon went into the exhibition business with

H Young renaming the Topeka I as the Dixie Flyer The words Dixie Flyer - AK Longren - Aviator were painted on the underside of the Topeka IDishyxie Flyers monoplane canard Between 1911 and 1914 Longren gave 1372 exhibition flights in Kansas Texas Oklahoma Nebraska and Colorado for the Young Aviation Co

In 1912 Longren built a second Curshytiss-type with a Hall-Scott A-2 This airshycraft incorporated the improvements Curtiss had made to his newer aircraft during 1911-1912 and in due course the mid-gap ailerons were moved to the trailing edges of the upper wing This aircraft was sold to Longrens forshymer student and friend Phil Billard who used it to give exhibition flights This aircraft sometimes known as the Topeka II was presented to the Kansas State Historical Society in 1938 where it still exists as a display

In the spring of 1914 Longren took time to marry Ms Dolly Trent Later that winter (1914-1915) Longren built his first entirely original aircraft design - a two-place tractor biplane again seshylecting the reliable Hall-Scott as the powerplant During an exhibition at the Dickson County Fair at Abilene on September 9 1915 the aircraft stalled on takeoff and was destroyed hitting an automobile that was leaving the fairshygrounds Longrens passenger was relashytively unscathed but Longren suffered a broken leg and several internal injuries

While recovering from his injushyries in early 1916 Longren with Phil

Billard began the construction of his fourth aircraft the Model G The Model G was a clean two-place tractor biplane with a strong resemblance to a Curtiss IN-4 In fact it was powered by a Curtiss OX-2 and was intended for sale to the warring European powers However only two were sold one to the Kansas National Guard the other being used for exhibition flights

Late in the year Longren built a small tractor biplane sometimes reshyferred to as the Longren Bus The conshystruction featured a three-ply wooden monocoque fuselage and was built for William Burt of Okmulgee Oklahoma A second machine was constructed for Lester Miller of Dallas Texas who inshytended to use the aircraft for aerobatic exhibitions By late 1917 Longren had moved on to another two-place design known as the Model H As in the case of the earlier Longren Bus the Model H used a wooden monocoque fuselage The Model H was powered by a Curshytiss 90-hp OX-5 engine unfortunately while on his way to Kansas City Misshysouri Longren suffered an engine failshyure near Wakarusa Kansas The aircraft was destroyed in a crash which proved fatal to a cow standing in the field in which Longren was forced down He was made to pay $10000 in restitution to the angry farmer After that interest in the Model H faded away

Late in 1917 Longren became involved with Frederick W Buck MD ME and applied for a posishytion as chief engineer with the Buck Aircraft and Munitions Co of Denshyver To what extent Longren became involved with Dr Buck is unknown Buck (a long with Elmer Sperry and later Charles F Kettering at DaytonshyWright) had plans to develop and sell an aerial torpedo - essentially a small 50-hp biplane cruise misshysile which was intended to fly on a preprogrammed course then shed its wings at the proper time and place depositing a bomb contained within the crude fuselage framework

Longrens career took another path after his debacle with the Model H After failing to establish a new airshycraft company in Overland Park Kansas Longren eventually took a

position at McCook Field as an airshycraft inspector The Great War had cost Longrens friend Phil Billard his life when he was killed in a flying accident while serving in Issoudun France Longrens position at McshyCook had allowed him the opportushynity to examine every domestic and foreign-built aircraft tested there unshytil the time of his departure in 1919 On June 17 1919 Longren formed the Longren Aircraft Corp in Topeka Kansas using a former woolen mill in the Oakland suburb as the site for the new corporation The first aircraft to come out of the plant was the rebuilt Model H now resurrected as the H-2 It is unclear as to how the H-2 differed from the earlier Model H but by midshy1920 Longren had gone in yet another direction with the construction of the two-place Model D-2 - a small aircraft powered by a three-cylinder Y conshyfiguration Lawrence Model B engine of 35-60 hp Within a year the D-2 had evolved to become the Longren Model AK Sport

Described in the pages of Aviashy

tion and Aerial Age Weekly (Volume 11 Number 12 Sept 291921 pages 336-337 and Volume 14 Numshyber 3 Sept 26 1921 pages 55-56 respectively) the two-place Longren Sport or Fibre Sport was a sensational design that incorporated the three-ply laminated wooden monocoque fuseshylage of the 1916 Longren Bus and the 1917 Model H and a set of folding biplane wings to facilitate storage It is unclear as to how the fuselage of the Sport may have differed from earshylier Longren monocoque construcshytion techniques if at all

However a 1925 Longren patent describes the use of diamond-shaped wood fibre shell (procured from the National Fibre Co) being covered with an additional two layers of wood laminations on either side The fushyselage was made in upper and lower halves using steam-pipe-heated conshycrete male and female molds clamped together using 6000 pounds of presshysure The sections were then trimmed and dried with special provision for humidity control before being joined

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 29

to a framework of grooved ash longeshyrons and formers The fuselage formshyers were made of three-ply materials engine-bearing formers were made of a seven-ply material The formers were in turn attached to the fuseshylage shells with screws Finally the fushyselage was varnished inside and out with Valspar varnish the exterior reshyceiving a coat of pigmented varnish before a final clear coat

Sold with both Lawrence Model Lshy2 three-cylinder Y-style and Anzani sixshycylinder radial engines the Longren Fibre Sport was flown in several notashyble Midwestern aviation events during the early 1920s During the American Legion Air Meet at Kansas City (Octoshyber 31 - November 3 1921) the Sport made 38 consecutive loops while being flown by ND Trinler Two Sports were also flown during a special efficiency race held at Omaha Nebraska on Noshyvember 11 An AK Sport again flown by Trinler placed second with a speed of 7791 mph when flown over a 153shymile triangular course Later that Noshyvember two AK Sports were placed at the disposal of the Kansas City Star to deliver newspapers from Kansas City to Lawrence Kansas in record time During a game between the Missouri Tigers and the Kansasjayhawks a teleshygraph wired a play-by-play account of the football game to the Stars office The newspapers were then promptly set printed and delivered via aircraft to the Lawrence street vendors beshyfore departing fans were even able to reach their homes

After establishing a climb record for Longren aircraft in 1922 the Longren Sport attracted the attention of customshyers from as far away as China and the Soviet Union In 1923 the US Navy became interested and on February 19 1924 Lt jB Kneip flew the accepshytance tests for the first of three Lonshygren AK Sports that were sold to the Navy (serial numbered A6745 through A6747) The first machine was shipped to Washington DC for testing at the Anacostia Naval Air Station while the other two were delivered to Pensacola However documentation of their subshysequent testing and use by the Navy remains elusive

30 JUNE 2007

Photos of Longren Sports and the later NL-13 show the distinctive Lonshygren company logo painted on the side of the fuselage and perhaps a few words need to be said about it This consisted of four capital ilLs joined at the top of each letter This formed a crux gammata or swastika although the direction the letters pointed was counter-clockshywise as opposed the symbols use on aircraft flown by Nazi Germany in which the bottom of the ilLs point in a clockwise direction Prior to its adoption by the Nazi Party this ancient symbol was seen as far afield at the Southwestshyern United States where it was a sacred symbol of Native Americans and in Inshydia and in Runic Europe During The Great War the Indian head emblem of Seaplane Pilots Association (SPA) 124 included a crux gammata as part of the headdress worn by the Native Amerishycan chief tan In its time and place it was considered as a symbol of good forshytune and was in no way considered to be an insult In fact after World War I Finland adopted a grayish-blue crux

gammata inscribed within a white circle as the national insignia for its aircraft In Longrens case the ilL was inscribed with a second ilL and the rest of the letters in Longrens surname In addishytion to that a circular logo and was placed at the center of the emblem to which a set of wings and a propeller reached out to a point near the tips of the ilLs So as it turns out the Lonshygren swastika was covered by what might roughly be considered a crux

immissa or crucifix Longren had no connections to fascist idealism The company logo which originated in the Midwest in the early 20s was simply a clever play on the primary letter in Longrens surname

No matter how good an aircraft the Longren Sport was the company could not survive on such limited orders and the last aircraft was sold in May of 1924 The remaining company assets patents and facilities were sold at an auction in March 1926 The Longren Sport was resurrected briefly in 1928 when the American Eagle Aircraft Corporation of Kansas City Missouri built a solitary aircraft as the Model A-429 However the aircraft was much different than the

original Longren Sport and the design was not pursued further Following the collapse of his company Longren was hired by Willis Brown to become viceshypresident of production at the Spartan Aircraft Co in Tulsa When Brown left in 1929 Longren also moved on to beshycome a design consultant at the Butshyler Manufacturing Co at Kansas City Butler had planned to manufacture the Butler Blackhawk biplane However the company was unable to do this and all manufacturing was halted in 1931 At this pOint Longren made a deal to build a new airplane -- the NL-13

Registered as X12538 and sporting the distinctive Longren fuselage logo the NL-13 (NL possibly standing for New Longren) fuselage was built usshying a new machine-forming method for heat-treated duralumin sheets The upper and lower fuselage halves of the 1932 NL-13 biplane were joined to T-shaped longerons and riveted toshygether Fuselage formers also made of liT cross-section were riveted to the halves creating a very strong duralushymin semi-monocoque fuselage Like the earlier Longren AK the NL-13 had twin side-by-side seating The powerplant of the aircraft was a Martin 333 of 120 hp With the exception of the wing spars the NL-13 was of all-metal construction the wings being fabric covered

The aircraft was first tested by George Gay in August of 1932 At that time Gay worked for the aeronautics branch of the Civil Aeronautics Administrashytion (CAA) The aircraft was found to be slightly tail-heavy This was cured by a slight stabilizer adjustment The engine also suffered from a slight overshyheating problem This was corrected by enlarging the cooling louvers and subshystituting the original propeller with anshyother type

The NL-13 had a span of 28 feet and a length of 22 feet Apparently the goal of the NL-13 was to obtain a military contract After further testing at Roosshyevelt Field Long Island New York the fuselage of the NL-13 was sold to the United States Army Air Corps and underwent stress evaluation at Wright Field Dayton OhiO in june 1933 After slight modification to some of the stiff-

continued on page 37

Flying to me is all about having fun Its grass strips and old

friends and old airplanes The folks at AUA understand my kind

of flying and my kind of airplanes They provide great service

at very good rates and they know me as an individual not just

a policy number

- Darrell Jenkins

Dan-ell Jenkins Heber Springs AR

bull Private pilot single-engine land and sea

bull 500 hours total shy300 in taildraggers

bull Current aircraft 1948 Ercoupe 415-E

AUA is Vintage Aircraft Association approved To become a member of VAA call 800middot843middot3612

AUAs Exclusive fAA Vintage AircraftJUsociation Insurance Program

Lower liability and hull premiums - Medical payments induded - Fleet discounts for multiple aircraft carrying all risk coverages

continued from page 3

EAA Seeks to Preserve Access to Repair Station Services

EAA cautions that proposed aircraft repair station certification regulations could harm many small general aviashytion shops and adversely affect airshycraft owners seeking to maintain the airworthiness of their aircraft

The FAA estimates the cost for deshyveloping and implementing a new quality system called for by the proshyposed regulations at $34500 per reshypair station Many small operations cannot afford such an expense and it could force some to close their doors

We fear that these requirements would ultimately result in diminshyished availability of qualified and experienced maintenance expertise especially for the vintage fleet said Earl Lawrence EAA vice president of industry and regulatory affairs Airshycraft owners could be forced to use maintenance facilities with less speshycialized experience on their aircraft type making it more difficult to comshyplete major repairs and changes to small aircraft potentially impacting safety as well

EAA also questions the feasibility of requiring repair stations to mainshytain an approved capability list for each make series and model of airshycraft its permitted to work on Many small operators often inspect and maintain virtually hundreds of airshycraft types creating an administrashytive nightmare

EAA is willing to discuss how the FAA could best address its quality concerns while ensuring the ownshyers of small aircraft continue to have ready access to repair station services One suggestion EAA proposed is to exempt or lessen requirements for smaller shops with fewer than a given number of employees

EAAs full comments can be found at wwwEAAorgcommunications eaanewsRepa ir_Station_NPRM_Draftpdf The notice of proposed rulemaking is at httpDMSESDOTgovdocimages pdf99431749_webpdf 32 JUNE 2007

Young Eagle 13 Million Hails From New Mexico

Arlene Martinez in the right seat with volunteer Young Eagles pilot Paul Rachels

The EAA Young Eagles program the worlds most successful youth aviation initiative ever has registered the 13-millionth Young Eagle flown She is Arlene Martinez age 12 of Yuma Arizona who took her flight on March 17 at Somerton Airport (54AZ) in a Cessna 170 piloted by Paul Rachels EAA 633950 Rachels is president and Young Eagles coordinator for Yuma EAA Chapter 590

Arlene was very enthusiastic said Rachels who has flown 123 Young Eagles She definitely enjoyed the flight and would like to do it again He always gets a kick out of how kids react to their special flights Its as incredible an experience

for me as it is for them and I have 700 hours of flight time Steve Buss EAA Young Eagles executive director called it another important

milestone for the program which this year marks its 15th anniversary year-the birthday will be marked at AirVenture this year Its wonderful to recognize Paul and Arlenes flight but we also applaud the outstanding continuing support and enthusiasm for Young Eagles by our members We extend our congratulations to all who have helped the program reach this unprecedented level of participation

Nominations Due June 15 for EAA Young Eagles Awards Each year EAA honors several special volunteers at EAA AirVenture with the

annual Young Eagles awards and theres still time to nominate a deserving pershyson for 2007

Nominations for the following awards are being accepted through June 15

bull Chapter Coordinator bull Field Representative bull Ground Support Volunteer bull Young Eagles Humanitarian (presented for efforts to reach special needs

Young Eagles) bull Young Eagles Horizon Award (recognizing efforts to go beyond the basic

Young Eagles flight) Awards will be presented at a special ceremony held at EAA AirVenture Museshy

ums Eagle Hangar on Wednesday July 25 To download the official nomination form visit wwwYoungEaglesorgvolunteersaward_nominationpdf

BY BUCK HILBERT

The very beginning of airworthiness certificates pilot certificates

For many years Ive talked and writshy barnstormers and promote some ten about the beginnings of the Aero order and safety to their flying It had Club of America (ACA) now known one other side effect No record atshyas the National Aeronautic Associashy tempt or air show (or air meet as they tion (NAA) Ive explained how this were called back then) could be staged pioneer era appointed Orville Wright without the approval of the Aero as the chairman of the Contest amp Reshy Club which was affiliated with the cords Board and how a pilot registrashy international governing body the Feshytion program came into being deration Aeronautique Internationale

The World War I pilots returning (FAI) The contestant was required to home were barnstorming and othershy be a member of the Aero Club which wise doing their best to make a living then issued a certification to the pishyin aviation That led to attempts to lot Hence the FAlSporting License register and somehow civilize these old-timers would show was signed by

Certifying Aircraft and Pilots

AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATE IauecI to VIlICElll ASTOR Arw 23 W 26th Sl BYCit shy

m~ts CnltiUs that the Aircraft described below has been Inspected and found AiruIo~ for daylight llyin on AJIlI 0VEIl WUER OKLY

For the Fl)1nA Season of 1922 ~- ~-=l1=~== Cmlampato NJiI~_ _ -- UND ElV1UTEIS~OIlIS Iae

o o-_pmiIyenr3~J__I922 III _ - ~ t

_ _ Mri N=A1fefJ~mATE WAmR AmClWr _ _______ 1 - PQRIlrASRDWTCJN l T bull Y

N_- 01 AlOft to 5 M- 1-1 AJkwL c 9on MuwLOEBDIG AERO ElIGR C~IIoTNo 23-t SodoIH9~iF--__ 0- 30 pr 3 I~ _ 42 PT 6 U __ n 8 Pr _ 2700 4100 II UMIwI 1400 shy_ 130 M _Cd 20000 hlln_H_ 2S_ _ T LIBRRrY I I OBE __ US 32230 __ Do 5 000 - JfAJlJODS JULY 7 1922

Orville Wright It was a requirement of the federal government No federal requirement for a pilots certificate would come into being until the Air Commerce Act gave that authority and responsibility to the Department of Commerce on May 20 1926

In all of the information Ive read on the early days of the ACA later the NAA there was never any menshytion of aircraft standards or airworshythiness certificates I never quesshytioned it and as a matter of fact I never gave it a thought

Then along comes friend and Vinshytage member Mitch Wohl from Barrington Illinois and he drops two books on my desk The first one I picked up was titled A Symbol of Safety This book was first published in 1923 and tells all about the foundshying of the Underwriters Laboratories (UL) Reprinted in 1995 it goes into great detail as to the history of UL I found it very interesting

The second book published on the 100th anniversary of Underwritshyers Laboratories in 1994 amplifies a bit of the material that was pub-

This airworthiness certificate was issued by an Underwriters Laborashytories inspector Maj J W Jones who deemed the Loening Air Yacht of Vincent Astor to be in airworthy condishytion It is restricted to dayligbt flying and over water only Heres a photo of its sister ship from the 1922 Airshycraft Yearbook

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 3 3

Loening monoplane Flying Yacht 100 hp Liberty engine which made a world record for aHitude with three passengers and pilot 19500 feet

lished in the 1923 book Its entire theme is Making the World Safe for Technology What a revelation both regarding the organization s history in general and its involveshyment in aviation

The real beginnings were at the 1893 Worlds Fair at the Great White City in Chicago The Electricity Building had frequent visits by the fire brigade in response to the new alshyternating current electricity displays catching fire and causing problems It was then that William Henry Merrill began his testing lab which proved

electricity could be a servant rather than a master

Our only function is to serve not to profit We are doing someshything for manufacturers buyers and property owners everywhere We are doing things for humanity was a direct quote from Merrill This was the beginning of the lab The lab was funded by corporations that wanted their products tested as well as by the insurance underwriters themselves

From 1893 through 1905 the budshyget expanded from a mere $3000 to more than $300000 During that

The book goes into

great detail

as to physical

standards for

airmen There were

all sorts of tests

for altitude tolerance

fatigue and eyesight

and their standards

specify annual physicals

rAiLW~eeL5

srlINSON 15 JOCII~Y

34 JUNE 2007

time more than 7500 reports were published the lab moved to larger quarters it was chartered in Illinois and the landmark inspection and label service was established Within two years UL inspectors were at work in 67 citshyies UL got into everything electrical fire prevention fire extinguishers automobiles oil and gasses and transportashytion as well Thats where we come in airplanes

When the first commercial airplane takes off here in the USA in the 20s UL registers airplanes certifies pilots and issues the now rather quaint-sounding Rules of the Air

Im getting ahead of the full story but in a nutshell the National Aircraft Underwriters Association proposed and requested UL become the custodian of the official register of all aircraft pilots (other than government pilots) and take full charge of all details connected therewith

UL undertook this branch of the work on July I 1921 The book goes into great detail as to physical stanshy

dards for airmen There were all sorts of tests for altitude tolerance fatigue and eyesight and their standards specify annual physicals

No wonder the early birds were considered supermen The next step was to create a register of commercial and private aircraft On May I 1922 UL began a nationwide inspection service in order to make it possible to issue cershytificates of airworthiness for individual aircraft The details of the inspections and the people employed to conduct them is an early Whos Who in aviation The inspections were very stringent and as demanding for the aircraft as they were for the pilots

And that dear friends is the story of the first airworshythiness certificates They were all issued long before the Department of Commerce became involved and of course long before the creation of the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) and the Federal Aviation Administration

Little by little the freedoms of flight have been whittled down and the myriad of Federal Aviation Regulations we live with came about but here fellow pilots and aircraft owners was the very beginning and it was the insurance people who started it all I(

Over to you (( ~((~

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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 35

BY HG FRAUTSCHY

THIS MONTHS MYSTERY PLANE PHOTO IS A BIT OF A MULLIGAN FOR THOSE OF YOU

WHO HAVE ENJOYED L1GHTPLANES FOR A NUMBER OF YEARS STILL NOT MUCH IS PUBLISHED ABOUT THIS RATHER ATTRACTIVE AMPHIBIAN

Send your answer to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box You can also send your response via e-mail Send 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Your answer needs your answer to mysteryplaneeaaorg Be sure to include to be in no later than July 15 for inclusion in the your name city and state in the body of your note and September 2007 issue of Vintage Airplane put I(Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line

MARCH S MYSTERY ANSWER

36 J UN E 2007

nology olph Dope

Heres a little about the March Mystery Plane

The subject Mystery Plane apshypears to be the Longren NL-13 sin 2 X12538 built in 1932 by Albin K Longren (1882-1950) in Kansas City Missouri Longren had been a design consultant for Butler Manushyfacturing Co during the certificashytion of the Butler Blackhawk and built the NL-13 in the Butler facility with help from Butler employees Butler had ceased production by that time in the depths of the Great Depression The NL-13 had an allshy

wing spars and the fabric wing covshyering The engine was a 120-hp Marshytin 333 inve rted inline with four cylinders The X12538 was the only NL-13 built and was not successful in reaching production although it was an ea rly example of formed alushyminum aircraft structures

My information comes from Aeroshyfilescom and from Chuck (Charles E) Lebrechts fine article entitled AK Longren - Pioneer Airman of the West published in American Aviation Historishycal Society Journal Vol26 No4 Winshyter 1981 pp258-270 Lebrechts article gives a great vjew of Longrens career as an aircraft designer and manufacturer

Jack Erickson State College Pennsylvania Other correct answers were reshy

ceived from WaIt House Wichshyita Kansas George Otto Snook Monroe Michigan John Miller Wamego Kansas Cam Bla ze r Leawood Kansas An extensive arshyticle on the airplane and AK Lonshygren written by Wesley Smith is also included in this issue of Vinshytage Airplane

metal airframe except for wooden 1---------------------------------shy

eners and bulkheads the NL-13 fuselage had a safety factor able to absorb 1683g

ahead of the center of gravity (CG) and 11g aft of the CG

This made the fuselage of the NL-13 considerably stronger than that of the Stearman YBT-3 Boeing P-26A Conshysolidated P-30 and Boeing P-12B with which it was compared the YBT-3 having a maximum g-Ioading potential of 109

both fore and aft of the CG While the reshyport recommended the possible adoption of Longrens construction techniques orshyders for the NL-13 were not forthcoming and no further examples were built

With the demise of Butler Longren went to work for himself using a porshytion of the former Butler factory at the Kansas City Municipal Airport In 1933-34 Longren did the initial metal work on the Luscombe Phantom and developed metal-working techniques with his partner Ivan Driggs Plans for opening another aircraft factory were put on hold when Cessn a reopened their Wichita Kansas facility in 1934 for production of the Cessna C-34 Cessna hired Longren as vjce-president a posishy

tion that he held until 1939 when he moved to Torrance California to open the Longren Aircraft Company

While Longren built no further airshycraft he became a successful subconshytractor of prefabricated components for other aircraft manufacturers After the end of World War II Longren sold his company and retired to a 3OOO-acre ranch at Adin Ca lifornia where he passed away due to a heart condition on Nov 19 1950 at age 68

The defini tive Longren article was written by Mr Charles E Lebrecht and was published in the Winter 1981 edishytion of the American Aviation Historical Society Journal (Volume 26 Number 4 pages 258-270) I am indebted to Mr Lebrechts excellent research for the inshyformation in this piece Further informashytion on AK Longren can be found in the pages of Aviation Quarterly (Mace Kenshyneth D Pioneer Airmen ofKansas Volshyume 5 Number 2 Second Quarter 1979 pages 152-163) Mr Maces article is also quite well-written and contains severshyal beautiful photos of Longrens aircraft as well as the 1908 Call Mayfly

VINTAGE A I RPLANE 37

The fo llowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter of information only and does not constishytute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed To submit an event send the information via mail to Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Or e-mail the information to vintageaircrafteaaorg Information should be received four months prior to the event date

JUNE S-IO-Union IL-Poplar Grove Airport Army Wings and Wheels Info Vintage Wings amp Wheels Museum 815-547middot3115 Tom Murray hiwheelsbcglobalnet

JUNE 14-17-St Louis MO-Dauster Flying Field Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) American Waco Club Flymiddotln Info Phil Coulson 269shy624-6490 or rcoulson516cscom www americanwacoclubcom

JUNE 20-2l--Lock Haven PA-William T Piper Memorial Airport (LHV) Sentimental Journey Fly-In Family oriented fly-in featuring antique and classic aircraft of all makes and models especially PIPERS Seminars vendors food camping and entertainment daily Come for the day or the week Call 570-893-4200 or 748shy5123 for more information j3cubkcnet org wwwsentimentaljourneyfly-incom

JUNE 21-24-Mt Vernon Ohio-Wynkoop Airport (6G4) 48th Annual National Waco Club Reunion Check www nationalwacoclubcom for more information and contact information Or email call Andy Heins 937 313 5931 wacoasoaolcom

JUNE 22-24-Gardner KA-Gardner Municipal Airport (K34) Greater KC VAA Chapter 16 Fly-in Contact Kevin Pratt 816-985-3248

JUNE 23-Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

JUNE 30-Chetek WI-The Chetek WI (Y23) 9AM car show craft fair and show a professional horse pull and a water ski show Plenty of food and drink available throughout the day For more info contact Chuck Harrison 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet or Tim Knutson 715-237shy2477 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

JUNE 31-Russellville KY- Russellville-Logan County Airport (4M7) 9th Annual All You Can Eat BarBQ Lunch 1100am - 200pm Rain Date July 5th Aircraft displays skydiving door prizes Everyone welcome For more information eaal165yahoo com wwwangelfirecom ky3 eaal165 Joe Lawrence 270-726-1558

JULY 4-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-llam For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

JULY 6-8--All iance Oh (2Dl)-Taylorcraft and Ohio Aeronca Aviators Fly-In See the airplanes built in Alliance OH amp Middletown

38 JU N E 2007

OH and the people that built them Camping motels food all day fbarberalliancelinkcom 330823-1168 bwmatzllacyahoocom 216 337-5643 httpwwwoaafy-incom see wwwbarberaircraftcom for airport diagrams Breakfast served Sat amp Sun 7AM to 11AM by EM Chapter 82

JULY 14-Zanesville OH-Parr Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

AUGUST 5-Queen City MO-Applegate Airport (15MO) 20th Annual Watermelon Fly-In amp BBQ 2pm til dark Come and see grass roots aviation at its best Info 660-766-2644

AUGUST S-Chetek WI-Southworth Municipal airport (Y23) BBQ Fly-In 1030am Warbird displays antique and unique airplanes antique amp collector car displays and raffles for airplane rides Procedes will be given to local charities Info Chuck Harrison - Office 715-924shy4501 Cell 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet Tim Knutson - Home 715-237-2477 Cell 651-308-2839 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

AUGUST 17-19--McMinnville OR-25th Annual West Coast Travel Air Reunion Come Celebrate the Rebirth of the Travel Air Expected to be the largest gathering of Vintage Travel Airs in recent times Held in conjunction with the Northwest Antique Airplane Club Event Info Bruce McElhoe 559-638-3746

AUGUST 18--Forest Lake MN-(25D)-Airport Fly-in and Open House lOam - 4pm 24shyhour gas and 24-hour grass 3000-foot 31 13 Forest Lake Lions serve brats corn-ltgtn-the-cob and ice cream 100LL is available John Schmidt EM 250021 St Paul Minnesota 651 776 1717

AUGUST IS-I9-Long Island NY- Bayport (23N) Annual Antique Aeroplane Fly-In Old time movies popcorn pig roast flour bomb drop and spot landing contest with the days ending in the in famous Sheep Shagger Baa For more info wwwAACGNY org or email Stuart Bain at Sbain emediaofny com

AUGUST 19-Brookfield WI-Capitol Airport (02C) Ice Cream Social and vintage Aircraft Display VAA Chapter 11 Dean London 262-442-4622

AUGUST 2S-Niles MI-Jerry Tyler Memorial Airport (3TR) VAA Chapter 35 Annual Corn amp Sausage Roast Lunch served 1100am

to 300 pm Rain date on Sunday August 26th Donations of $500 for adults and $300 for children under 12 Contact Len Jansen tripacerlenyahoocom

SEPTEMBER I -Marion IN-Marion Municipal Airport (MZZ) 17th Annual Fly-In Cruise-In 700am until 200pm This annual event features antique classic homebuilt ultralight and warbird aircraft as well as vintage cars trucks motorcycles and tractors An all-you-can-eat Pancake Breakfast is served with all proceeds going to the local Marion High School Marching Band wwwFlylnCruiselncomlnfo Ray Johnson (765) 664-2588 or rjohnson indyrrcom

SEPTEMBER I -Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $2 50 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer Phone (740) 454-7487

SEPTEMBER 2-Mondovi WI-21st Annual Log Cabin Airport Fly-In Doug Ward Owner Operator 715-287-4205 Lunch noon

SEPTEMBER 8-Newark Ohio-NewarkshyHeath Airport (VTA) Annual Fly-In DriveshyIn Breakfast Pancakes and More Young Eagles Flights Vintage Airplanes Classic Cars Tom McFadden 740-587shy2312 email EAA402adelphianet

SEPTEMBER 9-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-12pm For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

SEPTEMBER 21-22- Bartlesville OK-Frank Phillips Field (BVO) 51st Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-In Antiques Classics Light Sport Warbirds Forum Type Clubs Info Charlie Harris 918-622shy8400 wwwtulsafyincom

OCTOBER 5-7-Camden SC-Kershaw County Airport (KCDN) VAA Chapter 3 Fall Fly-In All classes welcome BBQ on field Fri Evening EAA judging all classes Sat Banquet Sat Nite Info Jim Wilson 843-753-7138 or eiwilson homexpresswaynet

OCTOBER 5-7-St Louis MO-Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) The Monocoupe Club Fly-In amp Reunion wwwmonocoupecom

OCTOBER IO-I4-Tuliahoma TN- Beech Birthday Party 2007 Staggerwing Twin Beech 18 Bonanza Baron Beech ownersamp enthusiasts Info 931shy455-1974

Your One STOP Quality Shop Hook up air hose from your compressor Add Glass Beads or otherabrasiveAim powergun 1-888-388-8803 (included) at part and remove 1-780-447-5955 rust paint and scale

Exhaust Systems FAST WORKS GREAT Abrasive recycles 22d 34w Carb Air Boxes 2012h work area22 ga steel14 Structural Assemblies ga steel legs Requires 7 Clamps amp Hardware cfm 80 psi amp shop Round Engine Exhausts

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2007 MAJOR FLy-INS

For details on EM Chapter flymiddotins and other local avimiddot ation events visit wwweaaorgjevents

Golden West EAA Regional Ay-In

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June 29middotJuly 1 2007 wwwGodenWestRynorg

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June 23-24 2007 wwwRMRRorg

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Dinwiddie County Airport (PTB) Petersburg VA October 6-7 2007 wwwVAEAAorg

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October 25-28 2007 wwwcopperstateorg

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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 39

VINTAGE AIRCRAFT

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Page 30: PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATIONmembers.eaavintage.org/wp...Vol-35-No-6-June-2007.pdf · PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION . ... Flightline Safety Committee and their

Billard began the construction of his fourth aircraft the Model G The Model G was a clean two-place tractor biplane with a strong resemblance to a Curtiss IN-4 In fact it was powered by a Curtiss OX-2 and was intended for sale to the warring European powers However only two were sold one to the Kansas National Guard the other being used for exhibition flights

Late in the year Longren built a small tractor biplane sometimes reshyferred to as the Longren Bus The conshystruction featured a three-ply wooden monocoque fuselage and was built for William Burt of Okmulgee Oklahoma A second machine was constructed for Lester Miller of Dallas Texas who inshytended to use the aircraft for aerobatic exhibitions By late 1917 Longren had moved on to another two-place design known as the Model H As in the case of the earlier Longren Bus the Model H used a wooden monocoque fuselage The Model H was powered by a Curshytiss 90-hp OX-5 engine unfortunately while on his way to Kansas City Misshysouri Longren suffered an engine failshyure near Wakarusa Kansas The aircraft was destroyed in a crash which proved fatal to a cow standing in the field in which Longren was forced down He was made to pay $10000 in restitution to the angry farmer After that interest in the Model H faded away

Late in 1917 Longren became involved with Frederick W Buck MD ME and applied for a posishytion as chief engineer with the Buck Aircraft and Munitions Co of Denshyver To what extent Longren became involved with Dr Buck is unknown Buck (a long with Elmer Sperry and later Charles F Kettering at DaytonshyWright) had plans to develop and sell an aerial torpedo - essentially a small 50-hp biplane cruise misshysile which was intended to fly on a preprogrammed course then shed its wings at the proper time and place depositing a bomb contained within the crude fuselage framework

Longrens career took another path after his debacle with the Model H After failing to establish a new airshycraft company in Overland Park Kansas Longren eventually took a

position at McCook Field as an airshycraft inspector The Great War had cost Longrens friend Phil Billard his life when he was killed in a flying accident while serving in Issoudun France Longrens position at McshyCook had allowed him the opportushynity to examine every domestic and foreign-built aircraft tested there unshytil the time of his departure in 1919 On June 17 1919 Longren formed the Longren Aircraft Corp in Topeka Kansas using a former woolen mill in the Oakland suburb as the site for the new corporation The first aircraft to come out of the plant was the rebuilt Model H now resurrected as the H-2 It is unclear as to how the H-2 differed from the earlier Model H but by midshy1920 Longren had gone in yet another direction with the construction of the two-place Model D-2 - a small aircraft powered by a three-cylinder Y conshyfiguration Lawrence Model B engine of 35-60 hp Within a year the D-2 had evolved to become the Longren Model AK Sport

Described in the pages of Aviashy

tion and Aerial Age Weekly (Volume 11 Number 12 Sept 291921 pages 336-337 and Volume 14 Numshyber 3 Sept 26 1921 pages 55-56 respectively) the two-place Longren Sport or Fibre Sport was a sensational design that incorporated the three-ply laminated wooden monocoque fuseshylage of the 1916 Longren Bus and the 1917 Model H and a set of folding biplane wings to facilitate storage It is unclear as to how the fuselage of the Sport may have differed from earshylier Longren monocoque construcshytion techniques if at all

However a 1925 Longren patent describes the use of diamond-shaped wood fibre shell (procured from the National Fibre Co) being covered with an additional two layers of wood laminations on either side The fushyselage was made in upper and lower halves using steam-pipe-heated conshycrete male and female molds clamped together using 6000 pounds of presshysure The sections were then trimmed and dried with special provision for humidity control before being joined

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 29

to a framework of grooved ash longeshyrons and formers The fuselage formshyers were made of three-ply materials engine-bearing formers were made of a seven-ply material The formers were in turn attached to the fuseshylage shells with screws Finally the fushyselage was varnished inside and out with Valspar varnish the exterior reshyceiving a coat of pigmented varnish before a final clear coat

Sold with both Lawrence Model Lshy2 three-cylinder Y-style and Anzani sixshycylinder radial engines the Longren Fibre Sport was flown in several notashyble Midwestern aviation events during the early 1920s During the American Legion Air Meet at Kansas City (Octoshyber 31 - November 3 1921) the Sport made 38 consecutive loops while being flown by ND Trinler Two Sports were also flown during a special efficiency race held at Omaha Nebraska on Noshyvember 11 An AK Sport again flown by Trinler placed second with a speed of 7791 mph when flown over a 153shymile triangular course Later that Noshyvember two AK Sports were placed at the disposal of the Kansas City Star to deliver newspapers from Kansas City to Lawrence Kansas in record time During a game between the Missouri Tigers and the Kansasjayhawks a teleshygraph wired a play-by-play account of the football game to the Stars office The newspapers were then promptly set printed and delivered via aircraft to the Lawrence street vendors beshyfore departing fans were even able to reach their homes

After establishing a climb record for Longren aircraft in 1922 the Longren Sport attracted the attention of customshyers from as far away as China and the Soviet Union In 1923 the US Navy became interested and on February 19 1924 Lt jB Kneip flew the accepshytance tests for the first of three Lonshygren AK Sports that were sold to the Navy (serial numbered A6745 through A6747) The first machine was shipped to Washington DC for testing at the Anacostia Naval Air Station while the other two were delivered to Pensacola However documentation of their subshysequent testing and use by the Navy remains elusive

30 JUNE 2007

Photos of Longren Sports and the later NL-13 show the distinctive Lonshygren company logo painted on the side of the fuselage and perhaps a few words need to be said about it This consisted of four capital ilLs joined at the top of each letter This formed a crux gammata or swastika although the direction the letters pointed was counter-clockshywise as opposed the symbols use on aircraft flown by Nazi Germany in which the bottom of the ilLs point in a clockwise direction Prior to its adoption by the Nazi Party this ancient symbol was seen as far afield at the Southwestshyern United States where it was a sacred symbol of Native Americans and in Inshydia and in Runic Europe During The Great War the Indian head emblem of Seaplane Pilots Association (SPA) 124 included a crux gammata as part of the headdress worn by the Native Amerishycan chief tan In its time and place it was considered as a symbol of good forshytune and was in no way considered to be an insult In fact after World War I Finland adopted a grayish-blue crux

gammata inscribed within a white circle as the national insignia for its aircraft In Longrens case the ilL was inscribed with a second ilL and the rest of the letters in Longrens surname In addishytion to that a circular logo and was placed at the center of the emblem to which a set of wings and a propeller reached out to a point near the tips of the ilLs So as it turns out the Lonshygren swastika was covered by what might roughly be considered a crux

immissa or crucifix Longren had no connections to fascist idealism The company logo which originated in the Midwest in the early 20s was simply a clever play on the primary letter in Longrens surname

No matter how good an aircraft the Longren Sport was the company could not survive on such limited orders and the last aircraft was sold in May of 1924 The remaining company assets patents and facilities were sold at an auction in March 1926 The Longren Sport was resurrected briefly in 1928 when the American Eagle Aircraft Corporation of Kansas City Missouri built a solitary aircraft as the Model A-429 However the aircraft was much different than the

original Longren Sport and the design was not pursued further Following the collapse of his company Longren was hired by Willis Brown to become viceshypresident of production at the Spartan Aircraft Co in Tulsa When Brown left in 1929 Longren also moved on to beshycome a design consultant at the Butshyler Manufacturing Co at Kansas City Butler had planned to manufacture the Butler Blackhawk biplane However the company was unable to do this and all manufacturing was halted in 1931 At this pOint Longren made a deal to build a new airplane -- the NL-13

Registered as X12538 and sporting the distinctive Longren fuselage logo the NL-13 (NL possibly standing for New Longren) fuselage was built usshying a new machine-forming method for heat-treated duralumin sheets The upper and lower fuselage halves of the 1932 NL-13 biplane were joined to T-shaped longerons and riveted toshygether Fuselage formers also made of liT cross-section were riveted to the halves creating a very strong duralushymin semi-monocoque fuselage Like the earlier Longren AK the NL-13 had twin side-by-side seating The powerplant of the aircraft was a Martin 333 of 120 hp With the exception of the wing spars the NL-13 was of all-metal construction the wings being fabric covered

The aircraft was first tested by George Gay in August of 1932 At that time Gay worked for the aeronautics branch of the Civil Aeronautics Administrashytion (CAA) The aircraft was found to be slightly tail-heavy This was cured by a slight stabilizer adjustment The engine also suffered from a slight overshyheating problem This was corrected by enlarging the cooling louvers and subshystituting the original propeller with anshyother type

The NL-13 had a span of 28 feet and a length of 22 feet Apparently the goal of the NL-13 was to obtain a military contract After further testing at Roosshyevelt Field Long Island New York the fuselage of the NL-13 was sold to the United States Army Air Corps and underwent stress evaluation at Wright Field Dayton OhiO in june 1933 After slight modification to some of the stiff-

continued on page 37

Flying to me is all about having fun Its grass strips and old

friends and old airplanes The folks at AUA understand my kind

of flying and my kind of airplanes They provide great service

at very good rates and they know me as an individual not just

a policy number

- Darrell Jenkins

Dan-ell Jenkins Heber Springs AR

bull Private pilot single-engine land and sea

bull 500 hours total shy300 in taildraggers

bull Current aircraft 1948 Ercoupe 415-E

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continued from page 3

EAA Seeks to Preserve Access to Repair Station Services

EAA cautions that proposed aircraft repair station certification regulations could harm many small general aviashytion shops and adversely affect airshycraft owners seeking to maintain the airworthiness of their aircraft

The FAA estimates the cost for deshyveloping and implementing a new quality system called for by the proshyposed regulations at $34500 per reshypair station Many small operations cannot afford such an expense and it could force some to close their doors

We fear that these requirements would ultimately result in diminshyished availability of qualified and experienced maintenance expertise especially for the vintage fleet said Earl Lawrence EAA vice president of industry and regulatory affairs Airshycraft owners could be forced to use maintenance facilities with less speshycialized experience on their aircraft type making it more difficult to comshyplete major repairs and changes to small aircraft potentially impacting safety as well

EAA also questions the feasibility of requiring repair stations to mainshytain an approved capability list for each make series and model of airshycraft its permitted to work on Many small operators often inspect and maintain virtually hundreds of airshycraft types creating an administrashytive nightmare

EAA is willing to discuss how the FAA could best address its quality concerns while ensuring the ownshyers of small aircraft continue to have ready access to repair station services One suggestion EAA proposed is to exempt or lessen requirements for smaller shops with fewer than a given number of employees

EAAs full comments can be found at wwwEAAorgcommunications eaanewsRepa ir_Station_NPRM_Draftpdf The notice of proposed rulemaking is at httpDMSESDOTgovdocimages pdf99431749_webpdf 32 JUNE 2007

Young Eagle 13 Million Hails From New Mexico

Arlene Martinez in the right seat with volunteer Young Eagles pilot Paul Rachels

The EAA Young Eagles program the worlds most successful youth aviation initiative ever has registered the 13-millionth Young Eagle flown She is Arlene Martinez age 12 of Yuma Arizona who took her flight on March 17 at Somerton Airport (54AZ) in a Cessna 170 piloted by Paul Rachels EAA 633950 Rachels is president and Young Eagles coordinator for Yuma EAA Chapter 590

Arlene was very enthusiastic said Rachels who has flown 123 Young Eagles She definitely enjoyed the flight and would like to do it again He always gets a kick out of how kids react to their special flights Its as incredible an experience

for me as it is for them and I have 700 hours of flight time Steve Buss EAA Young Eagles executive director called it another important

milestone for the program which this year marks its 15th anniversary year-the birthday will be marked at AirVenture this year Its wonderful to recognize Paul and Arlenes flight but we also applaud the outstanding continuing support and enthusiasm for Young Eagles by our members We extend our congratulations to all who have helped the program reach this unprecedented level of participation

Nominations Due June 15 for EAA Young Eagles Awards Each year EAA honors several special volunteers at EAA AirVenture with the

annual Young Eagles awards and theres still time to nominate a deserving pershyson for 2007

Nominations for the following awards are being accepted through June 15

bull Chapter Coordinator bull Field Representative bull Ground Support Volunteer bull Young Eagles Humanitarian (presented for efforts to reach special needs

Young Eagles) bull Young Eagles Horizon Award (recognizing efforts to go beyond the basic

Young Eagles flight) Awards will be presented at a special ceremony held at EAA AirVenture Museshy

ums Eagle Hangar on Wednesday July 25 To download the official nomination form visit wwwYoungEaglesorgvolunteersaward_nominationpdf

BY BUCK HILBERT

The very beginning of airworthiness certificates pilot certificates

For many years Ive talked and writshy barnstormers and promote some ten about the beginnings of the Aero order and safety to their flying It had Club of America (ACA) now known one other side effect No record atshyas the National Aeronautic Associashy tempt or air show (or air meet as they tion (NAA) Ive explained how this were called back then) could be staged pioneer era appointed Orville Wright without the approval of the Aero as the chairman of the Contest amp Reshy Club which was affiliated with the cords Board and how a pilot registrashy international governing body the Feshytion program came into being deration Aeronautique Internationale

The World War I pilots returning (FAI) The contestant was required to home were barnstorming and othershy be a member of the Aero Club which wise doing their best to make a living then issued a certification to the pishyin aviation That led to attempts to lot Hence the FAlSporting License register and somehow civilize these old-timers would show was signed by

Certifying Aircraft and Pilots

AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATE IauecI to VIlICElll ASTOR Arw 23 W 26th Sl BYCit shy

m~ts CnltiUs that the Aircraft described below has been Inspected and found AiruIo~ for daylight llyin on AJIlI 0VEIl WUER OKLY

For the Fl)1nA Season of 1922 ~- ~-=l1=~== Cmlampato NJiI~_ _ -- UND ElV1UTEIS~OIlIS Iae

o o-_pmiIyenr3~J__I922 III _ - ~ t

_ _ Mri N=A1fefJ~mATE WAmR AmClWr _ _______ 1 - PQRIlrASRDWTCJN l T bull Y

N_- 01 AlOft to 5 M- 1-1 AJkwL c 9on MuwLOEBDIG AERO ElIGR C~IIoTNo 23-t SodoIH9~iF--__ 0- 30 pr 3 I~ _ 42 PT 6 U __ n 8 Pr _ 2700 4100 II UMIwI 1400 shy_ 130 M _Cd 20000 hlln_H_ 2S_ _ T LIBRRrY I I OBE __ US 32230 __ Do 5 000 - JfAJlJODS JULY 7 1922

Orville Wright It was a requirement of the federal government No federal requirement for a pilots certificate would come into being until the Air Commerce Act gave that authority and responsibility to the Department of Commerce on May 20 1926

In all of the information Ive read on the early days of the ACA later the NAA there was never any menshytion of aircraft standards or airworshythiness certificates I never quesshytioned it and as a matter of fact I never gave it a thought

Then along comes friend and Vinshytage member Mitch Wohl from Barrington Illinois and he drops two books on my desk The first one I picked up was titled A Symbol of Safety This book was first published in 1923 and tells all about the foundshying of the Underwriters Laboratories (UL) Reprinted in 1995 it goes into great detail as to the history of UL I found it very interesting

The second book published on the 100th anniversary of Underwritshyers Laboratories in 1994 amplifies a bit of the material that was pub-

This airworthiness certificate was issued by an Underwriters Laborashytories inspector Maj J W Jones who deemed the Loening Air Yacht of Vincent Astor to be in airworthy condishytion It is restricted to dayligbt flying and over water only Heres a photo of its sister ship from the 1922 Airshycraft Yearbook

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 3 3

Loening monoplane Flying Yacht 100 hp Liberty engine which made a world record for aHitude with three passengers and pilot 19500 feet

lished in the 1923 book Its entire theme is Making the World Safe for Technology What a revelation both regarding the organization s history in general and its involveshyment in aviation

The real beginnings were at the 1893 Worlds Fair at the Great White City in Chicago The Electricity Building had frequent visits by the fire brigade in response to the new alshyternating current electricity displays catching fire and causing problems It was then that William Henry Merrill began his testing lab which proved

electricity could be a servant rather than a master

Our only function is to serve not to profit We are doing someshything for manufacturers buyers and property owners everywhere We are doing things for humanity was a direct quote from Merrill This was the beginning of the lab The lab was funded by corporations that wanted their products tested as well as by the insurance underwriters themselves

From 1893 through 1905 the budshyget expanded from a mere $3000 to more than $300000 During that

The book goes into

great detail

as to physical

standards for

airmen There were

all sorts of tests

for altitude tolerance

fatigue and eyesight

and their standards

specify annual physicals

rAiLW~eeL5

srlINSON 15 JOCII~Y

34 JUNE 2007

time more than 7500 reports were published the lab moved to larger quarters it was chartered in Illinois and the landmark inspection and label service was established Within two years UL inspectors were at work in 67 citshyies UL got into everything electrical fire prevention fire extinguishers automobiles oil and gasses and transportashytion as well Thats where we come in airplanes

When the first commercial airplane takes off here in the USA in the 20s UL registers airplanes certifies pilots and issues the now rather quaint-sounding Rules of the Air

Im getting ahead of the full story but in a nutshell the National Aircraft Underwriters Association proposed and requested UL become the custodian of the official register of all aircraft pilots (other than government pilots) and take full charge of all details connected therewith

UL undertook this branch of the work on July I 1921 The book goes into great detail as to physical stanshy

dards for airmen There were all sorts of tests for altitude tolerance fatigue and eyesight and their standards specify annual physicals

No wonder the early birds were considered supermen The next step was to create a register of commercial and private aircraft On May I 1922 UL began a nationwide inspection service in order to make it possible to issue cershytificates of airworthiness for individual aircraft The details of the inspections and the people employed to conduct them is an early Whos Who in aviation The inspections were very stringent and as demanding for the aircraft as they were for the pilots

And that dear friends is the story of the first airworshythiness certificates They were all issued long before the Department of Commerce became involved and of course long before the creation of the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) and the Federal Aviation Administration

Little by little the freedoms of flight have been whittled down and the myriad of Federal Aviation Regulations we live with came about but here fellow pilots and aircraft owners was the very beginning and it was the insurance people who started it all I(

Over to you (( ~((~

~ Call to order your copies today

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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 35

BY HG FRAUTSCHY

THIS MONTHS MYSTERY PLANE PHOTO IS A BIT OF A MULLIGAN FOR THOSE OF YOU

WHO HAVE ENJOYED L1GHTPLANES FOR A NUMBER OF YEARS STILL NOT MUCH IS PUBLISHED ABOUT THIS RATHER ATTRACTIVE AMPHIBIAN

Send your answer to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box You can also send your response via e-mail Send 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Your answer needs your answer to mysteryplaneeaaorg Be sure to include to be in no later than July 15 for inclusion in the your name city and state in the body of your note and September 2007 issue of Vintage Airplane put I(Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line

MARCH S MYSTERY ANSWER

36 J UN E 2007

nology olph Dope

Heres a little about the March Mystery Plane

The subject Mystery Plane apshypears to be the Longren NL-13 sin 2 X12538 built in 1932 by Albin K Longren (1882-1950) in Kansas City Missouri Longren had been a design consultant for Butler Manushyfacturing Co during the certificashytion of the Butler Blackhawk and built the NL-13 in the Butler facility with help from Butler employees Butler had ceased production by that time in the depths of the Great Depression The NL-13 had an allshy

wing spars and the fabric wing covshyering The engine was a 120-hp Marshytin 333 inve rted inline with four cylinders The X12538 was the only NL-13 built and was not successful in reaching production although it was an ea rly example of formed alushyminum aircraft structures

My information comes from Aeroshyfilescom and from Chuck (Charles E) Lebrechts fine article entitled AK Longren - Pioneer Airman of the West published in American Aviation Historishycal Society Journal Vol26 No4 Winshyter 1981 pp258-270 Lebrechts article gives a great vjew of Longrens career as an aircraft designer and manufacturer

Jack Erickson State College Pennsylvania Other correct answers were reshy

ceived from WaIt House Wichshyita Kansas George Otto Snook Monroe Michigan John Miller Wamego Kansas Cam Bla ze r Leawood Kansas An extensive arshyticle on the airplane and AK Lonshygren written by Wesley Smith is also included in this issue of Vinshytage Airplane

metal airframe except for wooden 1---------------------------------shy

eners and bulkheads the NL-13 fuselage had a safety factor able to absorb 1683g

ahead of the center of gravity (CG) and 11g aft of the CG

This made the fuselage of the NL-13 considerably stronger than that of the Stearman YBT-3 Boeing P-26A Conshysolidated P-30 and Boeing P-12B with which it was compared the YBT-3 having a maximum g-Ioading potential of 109

both fore and aft of the CG While the reshyport recommended the possible adoption of Longrens construction techniques orshyders for the NL-13 were not forthcoming and no further examples were built

With the demise of Butler Longren went to work for himself using a porshytion of the former Butler factory at the Kansas City Municipal Airport In 1933-34 Longren did the initial metal work on the Luscombe Phantom and developed metal-working techniques with his partner Ivan Driggs Plans for opening another aircraft factory were put on hold when Cessn a reopened their Wichita Kansas facility in 1934 for production of the Cessna C-34 Cessna hired Longren as vjce-president a posishy

tion that he held until 1939 when he moved to Torrance California to open the Longren Aircraft Company

While Longren built no further airshycraft he became a successful subconshytractor of prefabricated components for other aircraft manufacturers After the end of World War II Longren sold his company and retired to a 3OOO-acre ranch at Adin Ca lifornia where he passed away due to a heart condition on Nov 19 1950 at age 68

The defini tive Longren article was written by Mr Charles E Lebrecht and was published in the Winter 1981 edishytion of the American Aviation Historical Society Journal (Volume 26 Number 4 pages 258-270) I am indebted to Mr Lebrechts excellent research for the inshyformation in this piece Further informashytion on AK Longren can be found in the pages of Aviation Quarterly (Mace Kenshyneth D Pioneer Airmen ofKansas Volshyume 5 Number 2 Second Quarter 1979 pages 152-163) Mr Maces article is also quite well-written and contains severshyal beautiful photos of Longrens aircraft as well as the 1908 Call Mayfly

VINTAGE A I RPLANE 37

The fo llowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter of information only and does not constishytute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed To submit an event send the information via mail to Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Or e-mail the information to vintageaircrafteaaorg Information should be received four months prior to the event date

JUNE S-IO-Union IL-Poplar Grove Airport Army Wings and Wheels Info Vintage Wings amp Wheels Museum 815-547middot3115 Tom Murray hiwheelsbcglobalnet

JUNE 14-17-St Louis MO-Dauster Flying Field Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) American Waco Club Flymiddotln Info Phil Coulson 269shy624-6490 or rcoulson516cscom www americanwacoclubcom

JUNE 20-2l--Lock Haven PA-William T Piper Memorial Airport (LHV) Sentimental Journey Fly-In Family oriented fly-in featuring antique and classic aircraft of all makes and models especially PIPERS Seminars vendors food camping and entertainment daily Come for the day or the week Call 570-893-4200 or 748shy5123 for more information j3cubkcnet org wwwsentimentaljourneyfly-incom

JUNE 21-24-Mt Vernon Ohio-Wynkoop Airport (6G4) 48th Annual National Waco Club Reunion Check www nationalwacoclubcom for more information and contact information Or email call Andy Heins 937 313 5931 wacoasoaolcom

JUNE 22-24-Gardner KA-Gardner Municipal Airport (K34) Greater KC VAA Chapter 16 Fly-in Contact Kevin Pratt 816-985-3248

JUNE 23-Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

JUNE 30-Chetek WI-The Chetek WI (Y23) 9AM car show craft fair and show a professional horse pull and a water ski show Plenty of food and drink available throughout the day For more info contact Chuck Harrison 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet or Tim Knutson 715-237shy2477 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

JUNE 31-Russellville KY- Russellville-Logan County Airport (4M7) 9th Annual All You Can Eat BarBQ Lunch 1100am - 200pm Rain Date July 5th Aircraft displays skydiving door prizes Everyone welcome For more information eaal165yahoo com wwwangelfirecom ky3 eaal165 Joe Lawrence 270-726-1558

JULY 4-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-llam For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

JULY 6-8--All iance Oh (2Dl)-Taylorcraft and Ohio Aeronca Aviators Fly-In See the airplanes built in Alliance OH amp Middletown

38 JU N E 2007

OH and the people that built them Camping motels food all day fbarberalliancelinkcom 330823-1168 bwmatzllacyahoocom 216 337-5643 httpwwwoaafy-incom see wwwbarberaircraftcom for airport diagrams Breakfast served Sat amp Sun 7AM to 11AM by EM Chapter 82

JULY 14-Zanesville OH-Parr Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

AUGUST 5-Queen City MO-Applegate Airport (15MO) 20th Annual Watermelon Fly-In amp BBQ 2pm til dark Come and see grass roots aviation at its best Info 660-766-2644

AUGUST S-Chetek WI-Southworth Municipal airport (Y23) BBQ Fly-In 1030am Warbird displays antique and unique airplanes antique amp collector car displays and raffles for airplane rides Procedes will be given to local charities Info Chuck Harrison - Office 715-924shy4501 Cell 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet Tim Knutson - Home 715-237-2477 Cell 651-308-2839 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

AUGUST 17-19--McMinnville OR-25th Annual West Coast Travel Air Reunion Come Celebrate the Rebirth of the Travel Air Expected to be the largest gathering of Vintage Travel Airs in recent times Held in conjunction with the Northwest Antique Airplane Club Event Info Bruce McElhoe 559-638-3746

AUGUST 18--Forest Lake MN-(25D)-Airport Fly-in and Open House lOam - 4pm 24shyhour gas and 24-hour grass 3000-foot 31 13 Forest Lake Lions serve brats corn-ltgtn-the-cob and ice cream 100LL is available John Schmidt EM 250021 St Paul Minnesota 651 776 1717

AUGUST IS-I9-Long Island NY- Bayport (23N) Annual Antique Aeroplane Fly-In Old time movies popcorn pig roast flour bomb drop and spot landing contest with the days ending in the in famous Sheep Shagger Baa For more info wwwAACGNY org or email Stuart Bain at Sbain emediaofny com

AUGUST 19-Brookfield WI-Capitol Airport (02C) Ice Cream Social and vintage Aircraft Display VAA Chapter 11 Dean London 262-442-4622

AUGUST 2S-Niles MI-Jerry Tyler Memorial Airport (3TR) VAA Chapter 35 Annual Corn amp Sausage Roast Lunch served 1100am

to 300 pm Rain date on Sunday August 26th Donations of $500 for adults and $300 for children under 12 Contact Len Jansen tripacerlenyahoocom

SEPTEMBER I -Marion IN-Marion Municipal Airport (MZZ) 17th Annual Fly-In Cruise-In 700am until 200pm This annual event features antique classic homebuilt ultralight and warbird aircraft as well as vintage cars trucks motorcycles and tractors An all-you-can-eat Pancake Breakfast is served with all proceeds going to the local Marion High School Marching Band wwwFlylnCruiselncomlnfo Ray Johnson (765) 664-2588 or rjohnson indyrrcom

SEPTEMBER I -Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $2 50 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer Phone (740) 454-7487

SEPTEMBER 2-Mondovi WI-21st Annual Log Cabin Airport Fly-In Doug Ward Owner Operator 715-287-4205 Lunch noon

SEPTEMBER 8-Newark Ohio-NewarkshyHeath Airport (VTA) Annual Fly-In DriveshyIn Breakfast Pancakes and More Young Eagles Flights Vintage Airplanes Classic Cars Tom McFadden 740-587shy2312 email EAA402adelphianet

SEPTEMBER 9-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-12pm For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

SEPTEMBER 21-22- Bartlesville OK-Frank Phillips Field (BVO) 51st Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-In Antiques Classics Light Sport Warbirds Forum Type Clubs Info Charlie Harris 918-622shy8400 wwwtulsafyincom

OCTOBER 5-7-Camden SC-Kershaw County Airport (KCDN) VAA Chapter 3 Fall Fly-In All classes welcome BBQ on field Fri Evening EAA judging all classes Sat Banquet Sat Nite Info Jim Wilson 843-753-7138 or eiwilson homexpresswaynet

OCTOBER 5-7-St Louis MO-Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) The Monocoupe Club Fly-In amp Reunion wwwmonocoupecom

OCTOBER IO-I4-Tuliahoma TN- Beech Birthday Party 2007 Staggerwing Twin Beech 18 Bonanza Baron Beech ownersamp enthusiasts Info 931shy455-1974

Your One STOP Quality Shop Hook up air hose from your compressor Add Glass Beads or otherabrasiveAim powergun 1-888-388-8803 (included) at part and remove 1-780-447-5955 rust paint and scale

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2007 MAJOR FLy-INS

For details on EM Chapter flymiddotins and other local avimiddot ation events visit wwweaaorgjevents

Golden West EAA Regional Ay-In

Yuba County Airport (MYV) Marysville CA

June 29middotJuly 1 2007 wwwGodenWestRynorg

Rocky Mountain EAA Regional AyJn Front Range Airport (FTG) Watkins CO

June 23-24 2007 wwwRMRRorg

Arlington EAA Ay-In

Arlington Municipal Airport (AWO) Arlington WA July 11-15 2007

wwwNWEAAorg

EAA AlrVenture Oshkosh

Something to buy sell or trade Classified Word Ads $550 per 10 words 180 words maximum with boldface

lead-in on first line

Classified Display Ads One column wide (2167 inches) by 1 2 or 3 inches

high at $20 per inch Black and white only and no frequency discounts

Advertising Closing Dates 10th of second month prior to desired issue date

(ie January 10 is the closing date for the March issue) VAA reserves the right

to reject any advertising in conflict with its policies Rates cover one insertion per

issue Classified ads are not accepted via phone Payment must accompany order

Word ads may be sent via fax (920-426-4828) or e-mail (cassadseaaorg) using

credit card payment (all cards accepted) Include name on card complete address

type of card card number and expiration date Make checks payable to EAA

Address advertising correspondence to EAA Publications Classified Ad Manager

PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086

MISCELLANEOUS BABBITT BEARING SERVICE - rod

Wittman Regional Airport (OSH) Oshkosh WI July 23-29 2007 wwwAirVentureorg

EAA Mld-Eastem Regional Ay-In Mansfield Lahm Airport Mansfield OH August 25-26 2007

httpMERR info

Virginia Regional EAA Ay-In

Dinwiddie County Airport (PTB) Petersburg VA October 6-7 2007 wwwVAEAAorg

EAA Southeast Regional Ay-In Middleton Field Airport (GZH) Evergreen AL October 12-14 2007 wwwSERRorg

Copperstate Regional EAA AyJn Casa Grande (Arizona) Municipal Airport (CGZ)

October 25-28 2007 wwwcopperstateorg

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40 JUNE 2007

-=-_tI 8015 CONCER

~oNO~Y )JY 13

presented by Ecpse ~1aton n 8lt ford otor col1pa y

Page 31: PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATIONmembers.eaavintage.org/wp...Vol-35-No-6-June-2007.pdf · PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION . ... Flightline Safety Committee and their

to a framework of grooved ash longeshyrons and formers The fuselage formshyers were made of three-ply materials engine-bearing formers were made of a seven-ply material The formers were in turn attached to the fuseshylage shells with screws Finally the fushyselage was varnished inside and out with Valspar varnish the exterior reshyceiving a coat of pigmented varnish before a final clear coat

Sold with both Lawrence Model Lshy2 three-cylinder Y-style and Anzani sixshycylinder radial engines the Longren Fibre Sport was flown in several notashyble Midwestern aviation events during the early 1920s During the American Legion Air Meet at Kansas City (Octoshyber 31 - November 3 1921) the Sport made 38 consecutive loops while being flown by ND Trinler Two Sports were also flown during a special efficiency race held at Omaha Nebraska on Noshyvember 11 An AK Sport again flown by Trinler placed second with a speed of 7791 mph when flown over a 153shymile triangular course Later that Noshyvember two AK Sports were placed at the disposal of the Kansas City Star to deliver newspapers from Kansas City to Lawrence Kansas in record time During a game between the Missouri Tigers and the Kansasjayhawks a teleshygraph wired a play-by-play account of the football game to the Stars office The newspapers were then promptly set printed and delivered via aircraft to the Lawrence street vendors beshyfore departing fans were even able to reach their homes

After establishing a climb record for Longren aircraft in 1922 the Longren Sport attracted the attention of customshyers from as far away as China and the Soviet Union In 1923 the US Navy became interested and on February 19 1924 Lt jB Kneip flew the accepshytance tests for the first of three Lonshygren AK Sports that were sold to the Navy (serial numbered A6745 through A6747) The first machine was shipped to Washington DC for testing at the Anacostia Naval Air Station while the other two were delivered to Pensacola However documentation of their subshysequent testing and use by the Navy remains elusive

30 JUNE 2007

Photos of Longren Sports and the later NL-13 show the distinctive Lonshygren company logo painted on the side of the fuselage and perhaps a few words need to be said about it This consisted of four capital ilLs joined at the top of each letter This formed a crux gammata or swastika although the direction the letters pointed was counter-clockshywise as opposed the symbols use on aircraft flown by Nazi Germany in which the bottom of the ilLs point in a clockwise direction Prior to its adoption by the Nazi Party this ancient symbol was seen as far afield at the Southwestshyern United States where it was a sacred symbol of Native Americans and in Inshydia and in Runic Europe During The Great War the Indian head emblem of Seaplane Pilots Association (SPA) 124 included a crux gammata as part of the headdress worn by the Native Amerishycan chief tan In its time and place it was considered as a symbol of good forshytune and was in no way considered to be an insult In fact after World War I Finland adopted a grayish-blue crux

gammata inscribed within a white circle as the national insignia for its aircraft In Longrens case the ilL was inscribed with a second ilL and the rest of the letters in Longrens surname In addishytion to that a circular logo and was placed at the center of the emblem to which a set of wings and a propeller reached out to a point near the tips of the ilLs So as it turns out the Lonshygren swastika was covered by what might roughly be considered a crux

immissa or crucifix Longren had no connections to fascist idealism The company logo which originated in the Midwest in the early 20s was simply a clever play on the primary letter in Longrens surname

No matter how good an aircraft the Longren Sport was the company could not survive on such limited orders and the last aircraft was sold in May of 1924 The remaining company assets patents and facilities were sold at an auction in March 1926 The Longren Sport was resurrected briefly in 1928 when the American Eagle Aircraft Corporation of Kansas City Missouri built a solitary aircraft as the Model A-429 However the aircraft was much different than the

original Longren Sport and the design was not pursued further Following the collapse of his company Longren was hired by Willis Brown to become viceshypresident of production at the Spartan Aircraft Co in Tulsa When Brown left in 1929 Longren also moved on to beshycome a design consultant at the Butshyler Manufacturing Co at Kansas City Butler had planned to manufacture the Butler Blackhawk biplane However the company was unable to do this and all manufacturing was halted in 1931 At this pOint Longren made a deal to build a new airplane -- the NL-13

Registered as X12538 and sporting the distinctive Longren fuselage logo the NL-13 (NL possibly standing for New Longren) fuselage was built usshying a new machine-forming method for heat-treated duralumin sheets The upper and lower fuselage halves of the 1932 NL-13 biplane were joined to T-shaped longerons and riveted toshygether Fuselage formers also made of liT cross-section were riveted to the halves creating a very strong duralushymin semi-monocoque fuselage Like the earlier Longren AK the NL-13 had twin side-by-side seating The powerplant of the aircraft was a Martin 333 of 120 hp With the exception of the wing spars the NL-13 was of all-metal construction the wings being fabric covered

The aircraft was first tested by George Gay in August of 1932 At that time Gay worked for the aeronautics branch of the Civil Aeronautics Administrashytion (CAA) The aircraft was found to be slightly tail-heavy This was cured by a slight stabilizer adjustment The engine also suffered from a slight overshyheating problem This was corrected by enlarging the cooling louvers and subshystituting the original propeller with anshyother type

The NL-13 had a span of 28 feet and a length of 22 feet Apparently the goal of the NL-13 was to obtain a military contract After further testing at Roosshyevelt Field Long Island New York the fuselage of the NL-13 was sold to the United States Army Air Corps and underwent stress evaluation at Wright Field Dayton OhiO in june 1933 After slight modification to some of the stiff-

continued on page 37

Flying to me is all about having fun Its grass strips and old

friends and old airplanes The folks at AUA understand my kind

of flying and my kind of airplanes They provide great service

at very good rates and they know me as an individual not just

a policy number

- Darrell Jenkins

Dan-ell Jenkins Heber Springs AR

bull Private pilot single-engine land and sea

bull 500 hours total shy300 in taildraggers

bull Current aircraft 1948 Ercoupe 415-E

AUA is Vintage Aircraft Association approved To become a member of VAA call 800middot843middot3612

AUAs Exclusive fAA Vintage AircraftJUsociation Insurance Program

Lower liability and hull premiums - Medical payments induded - Fleet discounts for multiple aircraft carrying all risk coverages

continued from page 3

EAA Seeks to Preserve Access to Repair Station Services

EAA cautions that proposed aircraft repair station certification regulations could harm many small general aviashytion shops and adversely affect airshycraft owners seeking to maintain the airworthiness of their aircraft

The FAA estimates the cost for deshyveloping and implementing a new quality system called for by the proshyposed regulations at $34500 per reshypair station Many small operations cannot afford such an expense and it could force some to close their doors

We fear that these requirements would ultimately result in diminshyished availability of qualified and experienced maintenance expertise especially for the vintage fleet said Earl Lawrence EAA vice president of industry and regulatory affairs Airshycraft owners could be forced to use maintenance facilities with less speshycialized experience on their aircraft type making it more difficult to comshyplete major repairs and changes to small aircraft potentially impacting safety as well

EAA also questions the feasibility of requiring repair stations to mainshytain an approved capability list for each make series and model of airshycraft its permitted to work on Many small operators often inspect and maintain virtually hundreds of airshycraft types creating an administrashytive nightmare

EAA is willing to discuss how the FAA could best address its quality concerns while ensuring the ownshyers of small aircraft continue to have ready access to repair station services One suggestion EAA proposed is to exempt or lessen requirements for smaller shops with fewer than a given number of employees

EAAs full comments can be found at wwwEAAorgcommunications eaanewsRepa ir_Station_NPRM_Draftpdf The notice of proposed rulemaking is at httpDMSESDOTgovdocimages pdf99431749_webpdf 32 JUNE 2007

Young Eagle 13 Million Hails From New Mexico

Arlene Martinez in the right seat with volunteer Young Eagles pilot Paul Rachels

The EAA Young Eagles program the worlds most successful youth aviation initiative ever has registered the 13-millionth Young Eagle flown She is Arlene Martinez age 12 of Yuma Arizona who took her flight on March 17 at Somerton Airport (54AZ) in a Cessna 170 piloted by Paul Rachels EAA 633950 Rachels is president and Young Eagles coordinator for Yuma EAA Chapter 590

Arlene was very enthusiastic said Rachels who has flown 123 Young Eagles She definitely enjoyed the flight and would like to do it again He always gets a kick out of how kids react to their special flights Its as incredible an experience

for me as it is for them and I have 700 hours of flight time Steve Buss EAA Young Eagles executive director called it another important

milestone for the program which this year marks its 15th anniversary year-the birthday will be marked at AirVenture this year Its wonderful to recognize Paul and Arlenes flight but we also applaud the outstanding continuing support and enthusiasm for Young Eagles by our members We extend our congratulations to all who have helped the program reach this unprecedented level of participation

Nominations Due June 15 for EAA Young Eagles Awards Each year EAA honors several special volunteers at EAA AirVenture with the

annual Young Eagles awards and theres still time to nominate a deserving pershyson for 2007

Nominations for the following awards are being accepted through June 15

bull Chapter Coordinator bull Field Representative bull Ground Support Volunteer bull Young Eagles Humanitarian (presented for efforts to reach special needs

Young Eagles) bull Young Eagles Horizon Award (recognizing efforts to go beyond the basic

Young Eagles flight) Awards will be presented at a special ceremony held at EAA AirVenture Museshy

ums Eagle Hangar on Wednesday July 25 To download the official nomination form visit wwwYoungEaglesorgvolunteersaward_nominationpdf

BY BUCK HILBERT

The very beginning of airworthiness certificates pilot certificates

For many years Ive talked and writshy barnstormers and promote some ten about the beginnings of the Aero order and safety to their flying It had Club of America (ACA) now known one other side effect No record atshyas the National Aeronautic Associashy tempt or air show (or air meet as they tion (NAA) Ive explained how this were called back then) could be staged pioneer era appointed Orville Wright without the approval of the Aero as the chairman of the Contest amp Reshy Club which was affiliated with the cords Board and how a pilot registrashy international governing body the Feshytion program came into being deration Aeronautique Internationale

The World War I pilots returning (FAI) The contestant was required to home were barnstorming and othershy be a member of the Aero Club which wise doing their best to make a living then issued a certification to the pishyin aviation That led to attempts to lot Hence the FAlSporting License register and somehow civilize these old-timers would show was signed by

Certifying Aircraft and Pilots

AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATE IauecI to VIlICElll ASTOR Arw 23 W 26th Sl BYCit shy

m~ts CnltiUs that the Aircraft described below has been Inspected and found AiruIo~ for daylight llyin on AJIlI 0VEIl WUER OKLY

For the Fl)1nA Season of 1922 ~- ~-=l1=~== Cmlampato NJiI~_ _ -- UND ElV1UTEIS~OIlIS Iae

o o-_pmiIyenr3~J__I922 III _ - ~ t

_ _ Mri N=A1fefJ~mATE WAmR AmClWr _ _______ 1 - PQRIlrASRDWTCJN l T bull Y

N_- 01 AlOft to 5 M- 1-1 AJkwL c 9on MuwLOEBDIG AERO ElIGR C~IIoTNo 23-t SodoIH9~iF--__ 0- 30 pr 3 I~ _ 42 PT 6 U __ n 8 Pr _ 2700 4100 II UMIwI 1400 shy_ 130 M _Cd 20000 hlln_H_ 2S_ _ T LIBRRrY I I OBE __ US 32230 __ Do 5 000 - JfAJlJODS JULY 7 1922

Orville Wright It was a requirement of the federal government No federal requirement for a pilots certificate would come into being until the Air Commerce Act gave that authority and responsibility to the Department of Commerce on May 20 1926

In all of the information Ive read on the early days of the ACA later the NAA there was never any menshytion of aircraft standards or airworshythiness certificates I never quesshytioned it and as a matter of fact I never gave it a thought

Then along comes friend and Vinshytage member Mitch Wohl from Barrington Illinois and he drops two books on my desk The first one I picked up was titled A Symbol of Safety This book was first published in 1923 and tells all about the foundshying of the Underwriters Laboratories (UL) Reprinted in 1995 it goes into great detail as to the history of UL I found it very interesting

The second book published on the 100th anniversary of Underwritshyers Laboratories in 1994 amplifies a bit of the material that was pub-

This airworthiness certificate was issued by an Underwriters Laborashytories inspector Maj J W Jones who deemed the Loening Air Yacht of Vincent Astor to be in airworthy condishytion It is restricted to dayligbt flying and over water only Heres a photo of its sister ship from the 1922 Airshycraft Yearbook

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 3 3

Loening monoplane Flying Yacht 100 hp Liberty engine which made a world record for aHitude with three passengers and pilot 19500 feet

lished in the 1923 book Its entire theme is Making the World Safe for Technology What a revelation both regarding the organization s history in general and its involveshyment in aviation

The real beginnings were at the 1893 Worlds Fair at the Great White City in Chicago The Electricity Building had frequent visits by the fire brigade in response to the new alshyternating current electricity displays catching fire and causing problems It was then that William Henry Merrill began his testing lab which proved

electricity could be a servant rather than a master

Our only function is to serve not to profit We are doing someshything for manufacturers buyers and property owners everywhere We are doing things for humanity was a direct quote from Merrill This was the beginning of the lab The lab was funded by corporations that wanted their products tested as well as by the insurance underwriters themselves

From 1893 through 1905 the budshyget expanded from a mere $3000 to more than $300000 During that

The book goes into

great detail

as to physical

standards for

airmen There were

all sorts of tests

for altitude tolerance

fatigue and eyesight

and their standards

specify annual physicals

rAiLW~eeL5

srlINSON 15 JOCII~Y

34 JUNE 2007

time more than 7500 reports were published the lab moved to larger quarters it was chartered in Illinois and the landmark inspection and label service was established Within two years UL inspectors were at work in 67 citshyies UL got into everything electrical fire prevention fire extinguishers automobiles oil and gasses and transportashytion as well Thats where we come in airplanes

When the first commercial airplane takes off here in the USA in the 20s UL registers airplanes certifies pilots and issues the now rather quaint-sounding Rules of the Air

Im getting ahead of the full story but in a nutshell the National Aircraft Underwriters Association proposed and requested UL become the custodian of the official register of all aircraft pilots (other than government pilots) and take full charge of all details connected therewith

UL undertook this branch of the work on July I 1921 The book goes into great detail as to physical stanshy

dards for airmen There were all sorts of tests for altitude tolerance fatigue and eyesight and their standards specify annual physicals

No wonder the early birds were considered supermen The next step was to create a register of commercial and private aircraft On May I 1922 UL began a nationwide inspection service in order to make it possible to issue cershytificates of airworthiness for individual aircraft The details of the inspections and the people employed to conduct them is an early Whos Who in aviation The inspections were very stringent and as demanding for the aircraft as they were for the pilots

And that dear friends is the story of the first airworshythiness certificates They were all issued long before the Department of Commerce became involved and of course long before the creation of the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) and the Federal Aviation Administration

Little by little the freedoms of flight have been whittled down and the myriad of Federal Aviation Regulations we live with came about but here fellow pilots and aircraft owners was the very beginning and it was the insurance people who started it all I(

Over to you (( ~((~

~ Call to order your copies today

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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 35

BY HG FRAUTSCHY

THIS MONTHS MYSTERY PLANE PHOTO IS A BIT OF A MULLIGAN FOR THOSE OF YOU

WHO HAVE ENJOYED L1GHTPLANES FOR A NUMBER OF YEARS STILL NOT MUCH IS PUBLISHED ABOUT THIS RATHER ATTRACTIVE AMPHIBIAN

Send your answer to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box You can also send your response via e-mail Send 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Your answer needs your answer to mysteryplaneeaaorg Be sure to include to be in no later than July 15 for inclusion in the your name city and state in the body of your note and September 2007 issue of Vintage Airplane put I(Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line

MARCH S MYSTERY ANSWER

36 J UN E 2007

nology olph Dope

Heres a little about the March Mystery Plane

The subject Mystery Plane apshypears to be the Longren NL-13 sin 2 X12538 built in 1932 by Albin K Longren (1882-1950) in Kansas City Missouri Longren had been a design consultant for Butler Manushyfacturing Co during the certificashytion of the Butler Blackhawk and built the NL-13 in the Butler facility with help from Butler employees Butler had ceased production by that time in the depths of the Great Depression The NL-13 had an allshy

wing spars and the fabric wing covshyering The engine was a 120-hp Marshytin 333 inve rted inline with four cylinders The X12538 was the only NL-13 built and was not successful in reaching production although it was an ea rly example of formed alushyminum aircraft structures

My information comes from Aeroshyfilescom and from Chuck (Charles E) Lebrechts fine article entitled AK Longren - Pioneer Airman of the West published in American Aviation Historishycal Society Journal Vol26 No4 Winshyter 1981 pp258-270 Lebrechts article gives a great vjew of Longrens career as an aircraft designer and manufacturer

Jack Erickson State College Pennsylvania Other correct answers were reshy

ceived from WaIt House Wichshyita Kansas George Otto Snook Monroe Michigan John Miller Wamego Kansas Cam Bla ze r Leawood Kansas An extensive arshyticle on the airplane and AK Lonshygren written by Wesley Smith is also included in this issue of Vinshytage Airplane

metal airframe except for wooden 1---------------------------------shy

eners and bulkheads the NL-13 fuselage had a safety factor able to absorb 1683g

ahead of the center of gravity (CG) and 11g aft of the CG

This made the fuselage of the NL-13 considerably stronger than that of the Stearman YBT-3 Boeing P-26A Conshysolidated P-30 and Boeing P-12B with which it was compared the YBT-3 having a maximum g-Ioading potential of 109

both fore and aft of the CG While the reshyport recommended the possible adoption of Longrens construction techniques orshyders for the NL-13 were not forthcoming and no further examples were built

With the demise of Butler Longren went to work for himself using a porshytion of the former Butler factory at the Kansas City Municipal Airport In 1933-34 Longren did the initial metal work on the Luscombe Phantom and developed metal-working techniques with his partner Ivan Driggs Plans for opening another aircraft factory were put on hold when Cessn a reopened their Wichita Kansas facility in 1934 for production of the Cessna C-34 Cessna hired Longren as vjce-president a posishy

tion that he held until 1939 when he moved to Torrance California to open the Longren Aircraft Company

While Longren built no further airshycraft he became a successful subconshytractor of prefabricated components for other aircraft manufacturers After the end of World War II Longren sold his company and retired to a 3OOO-acre ranch at Adin Ca lifornia where he passed away due to a heart condition on Nov 19 1950 at age 68

The defini tive Longren article was written by Mr Charles E Lebrecht and was published in the Winter 1981 edishytion of the American Aviation Historical Society Journal (Volume 26 Number 4 pages 258-270) I am indebted to Mr Lebrechts excellent research for the inshyformation in this piece Further informashytion on AK Longren can be found in the pages of Aviation Quarterly (Mace Kenshyneth D Pioneer Airmen ofKansas Volshyume 5 Number 2 Second Quarter 1979 pages 152-163) Mr Maces article is also quite well-written and contains severshyal beautiful photos of Longrens aircraft as well as the 1908 Call Mayfly

VINTAGE A I RPLANE 37

The fo llowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter of information only and does not constishytute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed To submit an event send the information via mail to Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Or e-mail the information to vintageaircrafteaaorg Information should be received four months prior to the event date

JUNE S-IO-Union IL-Poplar Grove Airport Army Wings and Wheels Info Vintage Wings amp Wheels Museum 815-547middot3115 Tom Murray hiwheelsbcglobalnet

JUNE 14-17-St Louis MO-Dauster Flying Field Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) American Waco Club Flymiddotln Info Phil Coulson 269shy624-6490 or rcoulson516cscom www americanwacoclubcom

JUNE 20-2l--Lock Haven PA-William T Piper Memorial Airport (LHV) Sentimental Journey Fly-In Family oriented fly-in featuring antique and classic aircraft of all makes and models especially PIPERS Seminars vendors food camping and entertainment daily Come for the day or the week Call 570-893-4200 or 748shy5123 for more information j3cubkcnet org wwwsentimentaljourneyfly-incom

JUNE 21-24-Mt Vernon Ohio-Wynkoop Airport (6G4) 48th Annual National Waco Club Reunion Check www nationalwacoclubcom for more information and contact information Or email call Andy Heins 937 313 5931 wacoasoaolcom

JUNE 22-24-Gardner KA-Gardner Municipal Airport (K34) Greater KC VAA Chapter 16 Fly-in Contact Kevin Pratt 816-985-3248

JUNE 23-Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

JUNE 30-Chetek WI-The Chetek WI (Y23) 9AM car show craft fair and show a professional horse pull and a water ski show Plenty of food and drink available throughout the day For more info contact Chuck Harrison 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet or Tim Knutson 715-237shy2477 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

JUNE 31-Russellville KY- Russellville-Logan County Airport (4M7) 9th Annual All You Can Eat BarBQ Lunch 1100am - 200pm Rain Date July 5th Aircraft displays skydiving door prizes Everyone welcome For more information eaal165yahoo com wwwangelfirecom ky3 eaal165 Joe Lawrence 270-726-1558

JULY 4-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-llam For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

JULY 6-8--All iance Oh (2Dl)-Taylorcraft and Ohio Aeronca Aviators Fly-In See the airplanes built in Alliance OH amp Middletown

38 JU N E 2007

OH and the people that built them Camping motels food all day fbarberalliancelinkcom 330823-1168 bwmatzllacyahoocom 216 337-5643 httpwwwoaafy-incom see wwwbarberaircraftcom for airport diagrams Breakfast served Sat amp Sun 7AM to 11AM by EM Chapter 82

JULY 14-Zanesville OH-Parr Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

AUGUST 5-Queen City MO-Applegate Airport (15MO) 20th Annual Watermelon Fly-In amp BBQ 2pm til dark Come and see grass roots aviation at its best Info 660-766-2644

AUGUST S-Chetek WI-Southworth Municipal airport (Y23) BBQ Fly-In 1030am Warbird displays antique and unique airplanes antique amp collector car displays and raffles for airplane rides Procedes will be given to local charities Info Chuck Harrison - Office 715-924shy4501 Cell 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet Tim Knutson - Home 715-237-2477 Cell 651-308-2839 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

AUGUST 17-19--McMinnville OR-25th Annual West Coast Travel Air Reunion Come Celebrate the Rebirth of the Travel Air Expected to be the largest gathering of Vintage Travel Airs in recent times Held in conjunction with the Northwest Antique Airplane Club Event Info Bruce McElhoe 559-638-3746

AUGUST 18--Forest Lake MN-(25D)-Airport Fly-in and Open House lOam - 4pm 24shyhour gas and 24-hour grass 3000-foot 31 13 Forest Lake Lions serve brats corn-ltgtn-the-cob and ice cream 100LL is available John Schmidt EM 250021 St Paul Minnesota 651 776 1717

AUGUST IS-I9-Long Island NY- Bayport (23N) Annual Antique Aeroplane Fly-In Old time movies popcorn pig roast flour bomb drop and spot landing contest with the days ending in the in famous Sheep Shagger Baa For more info wwwAACGNY org or email Stuart Bain at Sbain emediaofny com

AUGUST 19-Brookfield WI-Capitol Airport (02C) Ice Cream Social and vintage Aircraft Display VAA Chapter 11 Dean London 262-442-4622

AUGUST 2S-Niles MI-Jerry Tyler Memorial Airport (3TR) VAA Chapter 35 Annual Corn amp Sausage Roast Lunch served 1100am

to 300 pm Rain date on Sunday August 26th Donations of $500 for adults and $300 for children under 12 Contact Len Jansen tripacerlenyahoocom

SEPTEMBER I -Marion IN-Marion Municipal Airport (MZZ) 17th Annual Fly-In Cruise-In 700am until 200pm This annual event features antique classic homebuilt ultralight and warbird aircraft as well as vintage cars trucks motorcycles and tractors An all-you-can-eat Pancake Breakfast is served with all proceeds going to the local Marion High School Marching Band wwwFlylnCruiselncomlnfo Ray Johnson (765) 664-2588 or rjohnson indyrrcom

SEPTEMBER I -Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $2 50 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer Phone (740) 454-7487

SEPTEMBER 2-Mondovi WI-21st Annual Log Cabin Airport Fly-In Doug Ward Owner Operator 715-287-4205 Lunch noon

SEPTEMBER 8-Newark Ohio-NewarkshyHeath Airport (VTA) Annual Fly-In DriveshyIn Breakfast Pancakes and More Young Eagles Flights Vintage Airplanes Classic Cars Tom McFadden 740-587shy2312 email EAA402adelphianet

SEPTEMBER 9-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-12pm For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

SEPTEMBER 21-22- Bartlesville OK-Frank Phillips Field (BVO) 51st Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-In Antiques Classics Light Sport Warbirds Forum Type Clubs Info Charlie Harris 918-622shy8400 wwwtulsafyincom

OCTOBER 5-7-Camden SC-Kershaw County Airport (KCDN) VAA Chapter 3 Fall Fly-In All classes welcome BBQ on field Fri Evening EAA judging all classes Sat Banquet Sat Nite Info Jim Wilson 843-753-7138 or eiwilson homexpresswaynet

OCTOBER 5-7-St Louis MO-Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) The Monocoupe Club Fly-In amp Reunion wwwmonocoupecom

OCTOBER IO-I4-Tuliahoma TN- Beech Birthday Party 2007 Staggerwing Twin Beech 18 Bonanza Baron Beech ownersamp enthusiasts Info 931shy455-1974

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2007 MAJOR FLy-INS

For details on EM Chapter flymiddotins and other local avimiddot ation events visit wwweaaorgjevents

Golden West EAA Regional Ay-In

Yuba County Airport (MYV) Marysville CA

June 29middotJuly 1 2007 wwwGodenWestRynorg

Rocky Mountain EAA Regional AyJn Front Range Airport (FTG) Watkins CO

June 23-24 2007 wwwRMRRorg

Arlington EAA Ay-In

Arlington Municipal Airport (AWO) Arlington WA July 11-15 2007

wwwNWEAAorg

EAA AlrVenture Oshkosh

Something to buy sell or trade Classified Word Ads $550 per 10 words 180 words maximum with boldface

lead-in on first line

Classified Display Ads One column wide (2167 inches) by 1 2 or 3 inches

high at $20 per inch Black and white only and no frequency discounts

Advertising Closing Dates 10th of second month prior to desired issue date

(ie January 10 is the closing date for the March issue) VAA reserves the right

to reject any advertising in conflict with its policies Rates cover one insertion per

issue Classified ads are not accepted via phone Payment must accompany order

Word ads may be sent via fax (920-426-4828) or e-mail (cassadseaaorg) using

credit card payment (all cards accepted) Include name on card complete address

type of card card number and expiration date Make checks payable to EAA

Address advertising correspondence to EAA Publications Classified Ad Manager

PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086

MISCELLANEOUS BABBITT BEARING SERVICE - rod

Wittman Regional Airport (OSH) Oshkosh WI July 23-29 2007 wwwAirVentureorg

EAA Mld-Eastem Regional Ay-In Mansfield Lahm Airport Mansfield OH August 25-26 2007

httpMERR info

Virginia Regional EAA Ay-In

Dinwiddie County Airport (PTB) Petersburg VA October 6-7 2007 wwwVAEAAorg

EAA Southeast Regional Ay-In Middleton Field Airport (GZH) Evergreen AL October 12-14 2007 wwwSERRorg

Copperstate Regional EAA AyJn Casa Grande (Arizona) Municipal Airport (CGZ)

October 25-28 2007 wwwcopperstateorg

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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 39

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ASSOCIATION OFFICERS

President VicemiddotPres ident Geoff Robison George Daubner

152 1 E MacG regor Dr 2448 Lough Lane New Haven IN 46774 Hartford WI 53027

260middot493middot4724 262middot673middot5885 cllie702Saolcom vaa1yboymsllcom

Secretary Treasurer Steve Nesse Charles W Harris

2009 Highland Ave 72 15 East 46th Sl Albert Lea M 56007 Tulsa OK 74 147

507middot373middot1674 9 18middot622middot8400 stnesdeskmediacom (whhvsucom

DIRECTORS Steve Bender

85 Brush Hill Road Sherborn MA 01770

508middot653middot7557 sst 10com cas t llet

David Bennett 375 Ki lldeer Ct

Lincoln CA 95648 916middot645middot8370

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John Berendt 7645 Echo Point Rd

Cannon Fall s M N 55009 507middot263middot24 14

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Dave Clark 635 Vestal Lane

Plainfield IN 46168 3 17 middot839middot4500

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John S Copeland 1 A Deacon St reet

Northborough MA 0 I 532 508middot393middot4775

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Phil Coulson 284 15 Springbrook Dr

Lawton M I 49065 269middot624middot6490

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Dale A Gustafson 7724 Shady Hills Dr

Indianapolis IN 46278 3 17middot293middot4430

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Jeannie Hill PO Box 328

Harvard IL 60033middot0328 815middot943middot7205

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Espie Butch Joyce 704 N Regional Rd

Greensboro NC 27409 336middot668middot3650

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Steve Keog 1002 Heather Ln

Hartfo rd WI 53027 262middot966middot7 627

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Robert D Bob Lumley 1265 South 124th Sl Brookfield WI 53005

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Gene Morris 5936 Steve Court

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Dean Richardson 1429 Kings Lynn Rd

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SH aWes Schmid 2359 Lefeber AVenue

Wauwatosa WI 532 13 414middot77 1middot 1545

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DIRECTORS EMERITUS

Gene Chase EE Buck Hilbert 2 159 Cariton Rd 8102 Leech Rd

Oshkosh WI 54904 Union IL 60 180 920middot23 1middot5002 8 15middot923middot4591

GRCHACilarterl1et )lIck7clc(iigtdlsnet

Ronald C Fritz 15401 Sparta Ave

Kent City MI 49J30 616middot678middot5012

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Membershi~ Services Directory ENJOY THE MANY BENEFITS OF EAA AND ~ EAAs VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION

EAA Aviation Center PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Phone (920) 426-4800 Fax (920) 426-4873

Web Sites wwwvintageaircratorg wwwairventllreorg wwweaaorgmemberbene(its E-Mail vintageaircrateaaorg

EAA and Division Membership Services 800-843-3612 FAX 920-426-6761 (800 AM-700 PM Monday-Friday CST)

-Newrenew memberships EAA Divisions (Vintage Aircraft Association lAC Warbirds) National Association of Flight Instructors (NAFI)

-Address changes -Merchandise sales -Gift memberships

Programs and Activities EAA AirVenture Fax-On-Demand Directory 732-885-6711 Auto Fuel STCs 920-426-4843 Buildrestore information 920-426-4821 Chapters locatingorganizing 920-426-4876 Education 888-322-3229

- EAA Air Academy - EAA Scholarships

Flight Advisors information 920-426-6864 Flight Instructor information 920-426-6801

Flying Start Program 920-426-6847 Library ServicesResearch 920-426-4848 Medical Questions 920-426-6112 Technical Counselors 920-426-6864 Young Eagles 877-806-8902

Benefits AUA Vintage Insurance Plan 800-727-3823 EAA Aircraft Insurance Plan 866-647-4322 Term Life and Accidental 800-241-6103 Death Insurance (Harvey Watt amp Company) EAA Platinum VISA Card 800-853-5576 ext 8884 EAA Aircraft Financing Plan 866-808-6040 EAA Enterprise Rent-A-Car Program 877-GA1-ERAC Editorial 920-426-4825 VAA Office FAX 920-426-6865

EAA Aviation Foundation Artifact Donations 920-426-4877 Financial Support 800-236-1025

MEMBERSHIP INFORMATION EAA

Membership in the Experimental Aircraft ASSOCiation Inc is $40 for one year includshying 12 issues of SPORT AVIATION Family membership is an additional $10 annually Junior Membership (under 19 years of age) is available at $23 annually All major credit cards accepted for membership (Add $16 for Foreign Postage)

EAA SPORT PILOT Current EAA members may add EAA

SPORT PILOT magaZine for an additional $20 per year

EAA Membership and EAA SPORT PILOT magazine is available for $40 per year (SPORT AVIATION magaZine not inshycluded) (Add $16 for Foreign Postage)

VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION Current EAA members may join the

Vintage Aircraft Association and receive VINTAGE AIRPLANE magazine for an adshyditional $36 per year

EAA Membership VINTAGE AIRPLANE magazine and one year membership in the EAA Vintage Aircraft Association is available for $46 per year (SPORT AVIATION magazine not inshycluded) (Add $7 for Foreign Postage)

lAC Current EAA members may join the

International Aerobatic Club Inc Divishysion and receive SPORT AEROBATICS magazine for an additional $45 per year

EAA Membership SPORT AEROBATshyICS magaZine and one year membership in the lAC Division is available for $55 per year (SPORT AVIATION magazine not included) (Add $18 for Foreign Postage_)

WARBIRDS Current EAA members may join the EAA

Warbirds of America Division and receive WARBIRDS magazine for an additional $45 per year

EAA Membership WARBIRDS magashyz ine and one year membership in the Warbirds Division is available for $55 per year (SPORT AVIATION magaZine not inshycluded) (Add $7 for Foreign Postage)

FOREIGN MEMBERSHIPS Please submit your remittance with a

check or draft drawn on a United States bank payable in United States dollars Add required Foreign Postage amount for each membership

Membership dues to EM and its divisions are not tax deductible as charitable contributions

Copyright mOO7 by the EM Vintage Aircraft Associalion All rights reseVed VI NTAGE AIRPLANE (USPS 062middot750 ISSN 0091-6943) is published and owned exclusively by the EM Vintage Aircraft Association of the Experimental Aircraft Association and is published monthly at EM Aviamiddot

tion Center 3000 Poberezny Rd PO Box 3086 Oshkosh Wisconsin 54903-3086 e-mail vintageaircrafteaaorg Membership to Vintage Aircraft Association WhiCh inch des 12 iss PS of jotage Ajcp1ane magazine

is $36 per year for EM members and $46 for nonmiddotEM members Pefiodicals Postage paid at Oshkosh Wisconsin 54901 and at add~ional mailing offices POSTMASTER Send address changes to Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903middot3088 PM 40032445 Return undeliverable Canadian addresses to World Distribution Services Station A PO Box 54 Windsor ON N9A 6J5 e-mai cpcretumsWdsmailcom FORmiddot EIGN AND APO ADDRESSES - Please allow at least two months for delivery of VINTAGE AIRPLANE to foreign and APO addresses via surtace mail ADVERTISING - Vintage Aircraft Association does not guarantee or endorse any proouct offered through the advertising We invite constructive criticism and wekome any report of inferior merchandise obtained through our advertiSing so that corrective measures can be taken

EDITORIAL POLICY Members are encouraged to submrt slories and photographs Policy opinions expressed in artiCles are solely those of the authors Responsibility for accuracy in reporting rests entirely with the contributor No remuneration is made Material should be sent to Editor VINTAGE AIRPLANE PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903middot3086 Phone 920middot426-4800

EMreg and EM SPORT AVIATIONreg the EM Logoreg and Aeronautica are registered trademarks trademarks and senlice marks of the Experimental Aircraft Association Inc The use of these trademarks and service marks without the permission of the Experimental Aircraft Association Inc is strictly prohibited

40 JUNE 2007

-=-_tI 8015 CONCER

~oNO~Y )JY 13

presented by Ecpse ~1aton n 8lt ford otor col1pa y

Page 32: PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATIONmembers.eaavintage.org/wp...Vol-35-No-6-June-2007.pdf · PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION . ... Flightline Safety Committee and their

Flying to me is all about having fun Its grass strips and old

friends and old airplanes The folks at AUA understand my kind

of flying and my kind of airplanes They provide great service

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continued from page 3

EAA Seeks to Preserve Access to Repair Station Services

EAA cautions that proposed aircraft repair station certification regulations could harm many small general aviashytion shops and adversely affect airshycraft owners seeking to maintain the airworthiness of their aircraft

The FAA estimates the cost for deshyveloping and implementing a new quality system called for by the proshyposed regulations at $34500 per reshypair station Many small operations cannot afford such an expense and it could force some to close their doors

We fear that these requirements would ultimately result in diminshyished availability of qualified and experienced maintenance expertise especially for the vintage fleet said Earl Lawrence EAA vice president of industry and regulatory affairs Airshycraft owners could be forced to use maintenance facilities with less speshycialized experience on their aircraft type making it more difficult to comshyplete major repairs and changes to small aircraft potentially impacting safety as well

EAA also questions the feasibility of requiring repair stations to mainshytain an approved capability list for each make series and model of airshycraft its permitted to work on Many small operators often inspect and maintain virtually hundreds of airshycraft types creating an administrashytive nightmare

EAA is willing to discuss how the FAA could best address its quality concerns while ensuring the ownshyers of small aircraft continue to have ready access to repair station services One suggestion EAA proposed is to exempt or lessen requirements for smaller shops with fewer than a given number of employees

EAAs full comments can be found at wwwEAAorgcommunications eaanewsRepa ir_Station_NPRM_Draftpdf The notice of proposed rulemaking is at httpDMSESDOTgovdocimages pdf99431749_webpdf 32 JUNE 2007

Young Eagle 13 Million Hails From New Mexico

Arlene Martinez in the right seat with volunteer Young Eagles pilot Paul Rachels

The EAA Young Eagles program the worlds most successful youth aviation initiative ever has registered the 13-millionth Young Eagle flown She is Arlene Martinez age 12 of Yuma Arizona who took her flight on March 17 at Somerton Airport (54AZ) in a Cessna 170 piloted by Paul Rachels EAA 633950 Rachels is president and Young Eagles coordinator for Yuma EAA Chapter 590

Arlene was very enthusiastic said Rachels who has flown 123 Young Eagles She definitely enjoyed the flight and would like to do it again He always gets a kick out of how kids react to their special flights Its as incredible an experience

for me as it is for them and I have 700 hours of flight time Steve Buss EAA Young Eagles executive director called it another important

milestone for the program which this year marks its 15th anniversary year-the birthday will be marked at AirVenture this year Its wonderful to recognize Paul and Arlenes flight but we also applaud the outstanding continuing support and enthusiasm for Young Eagles by our members We extend our congratulations to all who have helped the program reach this unprecedented level of participation

Nominations Due June 15 for EAA Young Eagles Awards Each year EAA honors several special volunteers at EAA AirVenture with the

annual Young Eagles awards and theres still time to nominate a deserving pershyson for 2007

Nominations for the following awards are being accepted through June 15

bull Chapter Coordinator bull Field Representative bull Ground Support Volunteer bull Young Eagles Humanitarian (presented for efforts to reach special needs

Young Eagles) bull Young Eagles Horizon Award (recognizing efforts to go beyond the basic

Young Eagles flight) Awards will be presented at a special ceremony held at EAA AirVenture Museshy

ums Eagle Hangar on Wednesday July 25 To download the official nomination form visit wwwYoungEaglesorgvolunteersaward_nominationpdf

BY BUCK HILBERT

The very beginning of airworthiness certificates pilot certificates

For many years Ive talked and writshy barnstormers and promote some ten about the beginnings of the Aero order and safety to their flying It had Club of America (ACA) now known one other side effect No record atshyas the National Aeronautic Associashy tempt or air show (or air meet as they tion (NAA) Ive explained how this were called back then) could be staged pioneer era appointed Orville Wright without the approval of the Aero as the chairman of the Contest amp Reshy Club which was affiliated with the cords Board and how a pilot registrashy international governing body the Feshytion program came into being deration Aeronautique Internationale

The World War I pilots returning (FAI) The contestant was required to home were barnstorming and othershy be a member of the Aero Club which wise doing their best to make a living then issued a certification to the pishyin aviation That led to attempts to lot Hence the FAlSporting License register and somehow civilize these old-timers would show was signed by

Certifying Aircraft and Pilots

AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATE IauecI to VIlICElll ASTOR Arw 23 W 26th Sl BYCit shy

m~ts CnltiUs that the Aircraft described below has been Inspected and found AiruIo~ for daylight llyin on AJIlI 0VEIl WUER OKLY

For the Fl)1nA Season of 1922 ~- ~-=l1=~== Cmlampato NJiI~_ _ -- UND ElV1UTEIS~OIlIS Iae

o o-_pmiIyenr3~J__I922 III _ - ~ t

_ _ Mri N=A1fefJ~mATE WAmR AmClWr _ _______ 1 - PQRIlrASRDWTCJN l T bull Y

N_- 01 AlOft to 5 M- 1-1 AJkwL c 9on MuwLOEBDIG AERO ElIGR C~IIoTNo 23-t SodoIH9~iF--__ 0- 30 pr 3 I~ _ 42 PT 6 U __ n 8 Pr _ 2700 4100 II UMIwI 1400 shy_ 130 M _Cd 20000 hlln_H_ 2S_ _ T LIBRRrY I I OBE __ US 32230 __ Do 5 000 - JfAJlJODS JULY 7 1922

Orville Wright It was a requirement of the federal government No federal requirement for a pilots certificate would come into being until the Air Commerce Act gave that authority and responsibility to the Department of Commerce on May 20 1926

In all of the information Ive read on the early days of the ACA later the NAA there was never any menshytion of aircraft standards or airworshythiness certificates I never quesshytioned it and as a matter of fact I never gave it a thought

Then along comes friend and Vinshytage member Mitch Wohl from Barrington Illinois and he drops two books on my desk The first one I picked up was titled A Symbol of Safety This book was first published in 1923 and tells all about the foundshying of the Underwriters Laboratories (UL) Reprinted in 1995 it goes into great detail as to the history of UL I found it very interesting

The second book published on the 100th anniversary of Underwritshyers Laboratories in 1994 amplifies a bit of the material that was pub-

This airworthiness certificate was issued by an Underwriters Laborashytories inspector Maj J W Jones who deemed the Loening Air Yacht of Vincent Astor to be in airworthy condishytion It is restricted to dayligbt flying and over water only Heres a photo of its sister ship from the 1922 Airshycraft Yearbook

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 3 3

Loening monoplane Flying Yacht 100 hp Liberty engine which made a world record for aHitude with three passengers and pilot 19500 feet

lished in the 1923 book Its entire theme is Making the World Safe for Technology What a revelation both regarding the organization s history in general and its involveshyment in aviation

The real beginnings were at the 1893 Worlds Fair at the Great White City in Chicago The Electricity Building had frequent visits by the fire brigade in response to the new alshyternating current electricity displays catching fire and causing problems It was then that William Henry Merrill began his testing lab which proved

electricity could be a servant rather than a master

Our only function is to serve not to profit We are doing someshything for manufacturers buyers and property owners everywhere We are doing things for humanity was a direct quote from Merrill This was the beginning of the lab The lab was funded by corporations that wanted their products tested as well as by the insurance underwriters themselves

From 1893 through 1905 the budshyget expanded from a mere $3000 to more than $300000 During that

The book goes into

great detail

as to physical

standards for

airmen There were

all sorts of tests

for altitude tolerance

fatigue and eyesight

and their standards

specify annual physicals

rAiLW~eeL5

srlINSON 15 JOCII~Y

34 JUNE 2007

time more than 7500 reports were published the lab moved to larger quarters it was chartered in Illinois and the landmark inspection and label service was established Within two years UL inspectors were at work in 67 citshyies UL got into everything electrical fire prevention fire extinguishers automobiles oil and gasses and transportashytion as well Thats where we come in airplanes

When the first commercial airplane takes off here in the USA in the 20s UL registers airplanes certifies pilots and issues the now rather quaint-sounding Rules of the Air

Im getting ahead of the full story but in a nutshell the National Aircraft Underwriters Association proposed and requested UL become the custodian of the official register of all aircraft pilots (other than government pilots) and take full charge of all details connected therewith

UL undertook this branch of the work on July I 1921 The book goes into great detail as to physical stanshy

dards for airmen There were all sorts of tests for altitude tolerance fatigue and eyesight and their standards specify annual physicals

No wonder the early birds were considered supermen The next step was to create a register of commercial and private aircraft On May I 1922 UL began a nationwide inspection service in order to make it possible to issue cershytificates of airworthiness for individual aircraft The details of the inspections and the people employed to conduct them is an early Whos Who in aviation The inspections were very stringent and as demanding for the aircraft as they were for the pilots

And that dear friends is the story of the first airworshythiness certificates They were all issued long before the Department of Commerce became involved and of course long before the creation of the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) and the Federal Aviation Administration

Little by little the freedoms of flight have been whittled down and the myriad of Federal Aviation Regulations we live with came about but here fellow pilots and aircraft owners was the very beginning and it was the insurance people who started it all I(

Over to you (( ~((~

~ Call to order your copies today

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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 35

BY HG FRAUTSCHY

THIS MONTHS MYSTERY PLANE PHOTO IS A BIT OF A MULLIGAN FOR THOSE OF YOU

WHO HAVE ENJOYED L1GHTPLANES FOR A NUMBER OF YEARS STILL NOT MUCH IS PUBLISHED ABOUT THIS RATHER ATTRACTIVE AMPHIBIAN

Send your answer to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box You can also send your response via e-mail Send 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Your answer needs your answer to mysteryplaneeaaorg Be sure to include to be in no later than July 15 for inclusion in the your name city and state in the body of your note and September 2007 issue of Vintage Airplane put I(Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line

MARCH S MYSTERY ANSWER

36 J UN E 2007

nology olph Dope

Heres a little about the March Mystery Plane

The subject Mystery Plane apshypears to be the Longren NL-13 sin 2 X12538 built in 1932 by Albin K Longren (1882-1950) in Kansas City Missouri Longren had been a design consultant for Butler Manushyfacturing Co during the certificashytion of the Butler Blackhawk and built the NL-13 in the Butler facility with help from Butler employees Butler had ceased production by that time in the depths of the Great Depression The NL-13 had an allshy

wing spars and the fabric wing covshyering The engine was a 120-hp Marshytin 333 inve rted inline with four cylinders The X12538 was the only NL-13 built and was not successful in reaching production although it was an ea rly example of formed alushyminum aircraft structures

My information comes from Aeroshyfilescom and from Chuck (Charles E) Lebrechts fine article entitled AK Longren - Pioneer Airman of the West published in American Aviation Historishycal Society Journal Vol26 No4 Winshyter 1981 pp258-270 Lebrechts article gives a great vjew of Longrens career as an aircraft designer and manufacturer

Jack Erickson State College Pennsylvania Other correct answers were reshy

ceived from WaIt House Wichshyita Kansas George Otto Snook Monroe Michigan John Miller Wamego Kansas Cam Bla ze r Leawood Kansas An extensive arshyticle on the airplane and AK Lonshygren written by Wesley Smith is also included in this issue of Vinshytage Airplane

metal airframe except for wooden 1---------------------------------shy

eners and bulkheads the NL-13 fuselage had a safety factor able to absorb 1683g

ahead of the center of gravity (CG) and 11g aft of the CG

This made the fuselage of the NL-13 considerably stronger than that of the Stearman YBT-3 Boeing P-26A Conshysolidated P-30 and Boeing P-12B with which it was compared the YBT-3 having a maximum g-Ioading potential of 109

both fore and aft of the CG While the reshyport recommended the possible adoption of Longrens construction techniques orshyders for the NL-13 were not forthcoming and no further examples were built

With the demise of Butler Longren went to work for himself using a porshytion of the former Butler factory at the Kansas City Municipal Airport In 1933-34 Longren did the initial metal work on the Luscombe Phantom and developed metal-working techniques with his partner Ivan Driggs Plans for opening another aircraft factory were put on hold when Cessn a reopened their Wichita Kansas facility in 1934 for production of the Cessna C-34 Cessna hired Longren as vjce-president a posishy

tion that he held until 1939 when he moved to Torrance California to open the Longren Aircraft Company

While Longren built no further airshycraft he became a successful subconshytractor of prefabricated components for other aircraft manufacturers After the end of World War II Longren sold his company and retired to a 3OOO-acre ranch at Adin Ca lifornia where he passed away due to a heart condition on Nov 19 1950 at age 68

The defini tive Longren article was written by Mr Charles E Lebrecht and was published in the Winter 1981 edishytion of the American Aviation Historical Society Journal (Volume 26 Number 4 pages 258-270) I am indebted to Mr Lebrechts excellent research for the inshyformation in this piece Further informashytion on AK Longren can be found in the pages of Aviation Quarterly (Mace Kenshyneth D Pioneer Airmen ofKansas Volshyume 5 Number 2 Second Quarter 1979 pages 152-163) Mr Maces article is also quite well-written and contains severshyal beautiful photos of Longrens aircraft as well as the 1908 Call Mayfly

VINTAGE A I RPLANE 37

The fo llowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter of information only and does not constishytute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed To submit an event send the information via mail to Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Or e-mail the information to vintageaircrafteaaorg Information should be received four months prior to the event date

JUNE S-IO-Union IL-Poplar Grove Airport Army Wings and Wheels Info Vintage Wings amp Wheels Museum 815-547middot3115 Tom Murray hiwheelsbcglobalnet

JUNE 14-17-St Louis MO-Dauster Flying Field Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) American Waco Club Flymiddotln Info Phil Coulson 269shy624-6490 or rcoulson516cscom www americanwacoclubcom

JUNE 20-2l--Lock Haven PA-William T Piper Memorial Airport (LHV) Sentimental Journey Fly-In Family oriented fly-in featuring antique and classic aircraft of all makes and models especially PIPERS Seminars vendors food camping and entertainment daily Come for the day or the week Call 570-893-4200 or 748shy5123 for more information j3cubkcnet org wwwsentimentaljourneyfly-incom

JUNE 21-24-Mt Vernon Ohio-Wynkoop Airport (6G4) 48th Annual National Waco Club Reunion Check www nationalwacoclubcom for more information and contact information Or email call Andy Heins 937 313 5931 wacoasoaolcom

JUNE 22-24-Gardner KA-Gardner Municipal Airport (K34) Greater KC VAA Chapter 16 Fly-in Contact Kevin Pratt 816-985-3248

JUNE 23-Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

JUNE 30-Chetek WI-The Chetek WI (Y23) 9AM car show craft fair and show a professional horse pull and a water ski show Plenty of food and drink available throughout the day For more info contact Chuck Harrison 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet or Tim Knutson 715-237shy2477 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

JUNE 31-Russellville KY- Russellville-Logan County Airport (4M7) 9th Annual All You Can Eat BarBQ Lunch 1100am - 200pm Rain Date July 5th Aircraft displays skydiving door prizes Everyone welcome For more information eaal165yahoo com wwwangelfirecom ky3 eaal165 Joe Lawrence 270-726-1558

JULY 4-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-llam For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

JULY 6-8--All iance Oh (2Dl)-Taylorcraft and Ohio Aeronca Aviators Fly-In See the airplanes built in Alliance OH amp Middletown

38 JU N E 2007

OH and the people that built them Camping motels food all day fbarberalliancelinkcom 330823-1168 bwmatzllacyahoocom 216 337-5643 httpwwwoaafy-incom see wwwbarberaircraftcom for airport diagrams Breakfast served Sat amp Sun 7AM to 11AM by EM Chapter 82

JULY 14-Zanesville OH-Parr Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

AUGUST 5-Queen City MO-Applegate Airport (15MO) 20th Annual Watermelon Fly-In amp BBQ 2pm til dark Come and see grass roots aviation at its best Info 660-766-2644

AUGUST S-Chetek WI-Southworth Municipal airport (Y23) BBQ Fly-In 1030am Warbird displays antique and unique airplanes antique amp collector car displays and raffles for airplane rides Procedes will be given to local charities Info Chuck Harrison - Office 715-924shy4501 Cell 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet Tim Knutson - Home 715-237-2477 Cell 651-308-2839 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

AUGUST 17-19--McMinnville OR-25th Annual West Coast Travel Air Reunion Come Celebrate the Rebirth of the Travel Air Expected to be the largest gathering of Vintage Travel Airs in recent times Held in conjunction with the Northwest Antique Airplane Club Event Info Bruce McElhoe 559-638-3746

AUGUST 18--Forest Lake MN-(25D)-Airport Fly-in and Open House lOam - 4pm 24shyhour gas and 24-hour grass 3000-foot 31 13 Forest Lake Lions serve brats corn-ltgtn-the-cob and ice cream 100LL is available John Schmidt EM 250021 St Paul Minnesota 651 776 1717

AUGUST IS-I9-Long Island NY- Bayport (23N) Annual Antique Aeroplane Fly-In Old time movies popcorn pig roast flour bomb drop and spot landing contest with the days ending in the in famous Sheep Shagger Baa For more info wwwAACGNY org or email Stuart Bain at Sbain emediaofny com

AUGUST 19-Brookfield WI-Capitol Airport (02C) Ice Cream Social and vintage Aircraft Display VAA Chapter 11 Dean London 262-442-4622

AUGUST 2S-Niles MI-Jerry Tyler Memorial Airport (3TR) VAA Chapter 35 Annual Corn amp Sausage Roast Lunch served 1100am

to 300 pm Rain date on Sunday August 26th Donations of $500 for adults and $300 for children under 12 Contact Len Jansen tripacerlenyahoocom

SEPTEMBER I -Marion IN-Marion Municipal Airport (MZZ) 17th Annual Fly-In Cruise-In 700am until 200pm This annual event features antique classic homebuilt ultralight and warbird aircraft as well as vintage cars trucks motorcycles and tractors An all-you-can-eat Pancake Breakfast is served with all proceeds going to the local Marion High School Marching Band wwwFlylnCruiselncomlnfo Ray Johnson (765) 664-2588 or rjohnson indyrrcom

SEPTEMBER I -Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $2 50 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer Phone (740) 454-7487

SEPTEMBER 2-Mondovi WI-21st Annual Log Cabin Airport Fly-In Doug Ward Owner Operator 715-287-4205 Lunch noon

SEPTEMBER 8-Newark Ohio-NewarkshyHeath Airport (VTA) Annual Fly-In DriveshyIn Breakfast Pancakes and More Young Eagles Flights Vintage Airplanes Classic Cars Tom McFadden 740-587shy2312 email EAA402adelphianet

SEPTEMBER 9-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-12pm For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

SEPTEMBER 21-22- Bartlesville OK-Frank Phillips Field (BVO) 51st Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-In Antiques Classics Light Sport Warbirds Forum Type Clubs Info Charlie Harris 918-622shy8400 wwwtulsafyincom

OCTOBER 5-7-Camden SC-Kershaw County Airport (KCDN) VAA Chapter 3 Fall Fly-In All classes welcome BBQ on field Fri Evening EAA judging all classes Sat Banquet Sat Nite Info Jim Wilson 843-753-7138 or eiwilson homexpresswaynet

OCTOBER 5-7-St Louis MO-Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) The Monocoupe Club Fly-In amp Reunion wwwmonocoupecom

OCTOBER IO-I4-Tuliahoma TN- Beech Birthday Party 2007 Staggerwing Twin Beech 18 Bonanza Baron Beech ownersamp enthusiasts Info 931shy455-1974

Your One STOP Quality Shop Hook up air hose from your compressor Add Glass Beads or otherabrasiveAim powergun 1-888-388-8803 (included) at part and remove 1-780-447-5955 rust paint and scale

Exhaust Systems FAST WORKS GREAT Abrasive recycles 22d 34w Carb Air Boxes 2012h work area22 ga steel14 Structural Assemblies ga steel legs Requires 7 Clamps amp Hardware cfm 80 psi amp shop Round Engine Exhausts

Engine Mounts Fuel Cells Heaters

All Make amp Models wwwacomweldlngcom

2007 MAJOR FLy-INS

For details on EM Chapter flymiddotins and other local avimiddot ation events visit wwweaaorgjevents

Golden West EAA Regional Ay-In

Yuba County Airport (MYV) Marysville CA

June 29middotJuly 1 2007 wwwGodenWestRynorg

Rocky Mountain EAA Regional AyJn Front Range Airport (FTG) Watkins CO

June 23-24 2007 wwwRMRRorg

Arlington EAA Ay-In

Arlington Municipal Airport (AWO) Arlington WA July 11-15 2007

wwwNWEAAorg

EAA AlrVenture Oshkosh

Something to buy sell or trade Classified Word Ads $550 per 10 words 180 words maximum with boldface

lead-in on first line

Classified Display Ads One column wide (2167 inches) by 1 2 or 3 inches

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Advertising Closing Dates 10th of second month prior to desired issue date

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to reject any advertising in conflict with its policies Rates cover one insertion per

issue Classified ads are not accepted via phone Payment must accompany order

Word ads may be sent via fax (920-426-4828) or e-mail (cassadseaaorg) using

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type of card card number and expiration date Make checks payable to EAA

Address advertising correspondence to EAA Publications Classified Ad Manager

PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086

MISCELLANEOUS BABBITT BEARING SERVICE - rod

Wittman Regional Airport (OSH) Oshkosh WI July 23-29 2007 wwwAirVentureorg

EAA Mld-Eastem Regional Ay-In Mansfield Lahm Airport Mansfield OH August 25-26 2007

httpMERR info

Virginia Regional EAA Ay-In

Dinwiddie County Airport (PTB) Petersburg VA October 6-7 2007 wwwVAEAAorg

EAA Southeast Regional Ay-In Middleton Field Airport (GZH) Evergreen AL October 12-14 2007 wwwSERRorg

Copperstate Regional EAA AyJn Casa Grande (Arizona) Municipal Airport (CGZ)

October 25-28 2007 wwwcopperstateorg

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Visit www_fyingwirescom or call

800-517-9278

THERES JUST NOTHING LIKE IT

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wwwaviation-giftshopcom A Website with the Pilot in Mind

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CUSTOM PRINTED T-SHIRTS for your

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samples Call 1-800-645-7739 or 1shy

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bearingsmain bearings bushings master

rods valves piston rings Call us Toll

Free 1-800-233-6934 e-mail ramremfg aocom Website wwwramenginecom VINTAGE ENGINE MACHINE WORKS

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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 39

VINTAGE AIRCRAFT

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40 JUNE 2007

-=-_tI 8015 CONCER

~oNO~Y )JY 13

presented by Ecpse ~1aton n 8lt ford otor col1pa y

Page 33: PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATIONmembers.eaavintage.org/wp...Vol-35-No-6-June-2007.pdf · PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION . ... Flightline Safety Committee and their

continued from page 3

EAA Seeks to Preserve Access to Repair Station Services

EAA cautions that proposed aircraft repair station certification regulations could harm many small general aviashytion shops and adversely affect airshycraft owners seeking to maintain the airworthiness of their aircraft

The FAA estimates the cost for deshyveloping and implementing a new quality system called for by the proshyposed regulations at $34500 per reshypair station Many small operations cannot afford such an expense and it could force some to close their doors

We fear that these requirements would ultimately result in diminshyished availability of qualified and experienced maintenance expertise especially for the vintage fleet said Earl Lawrence EAA vice president of industry and regulatory affairs Airshycraft owners could be forced to use maintenance facilities with less speshycialized experience on their aircraft type making it more difficult to comshyplete major repairs and changes to small aircraft potentially impacting safety as well

EAA also questions the feasibility of requiring repair stations to mainshytain an approved capability list for each make series and model of airshycraft its permitted to work on Many small operators often inspect and maintain virtually hundreds of airshycraft types creating an administrashytive nightmare

EAA is willing to discuss how the FAA could best address its quality concerns while ensuring the ownshyers of small aircraft continue to have ready access to repair station services One suggestion EAA proposed is to exempt or lessen requirements for smaller shops with fewer than a given number of employees

EAAs full comments can be found at wwwEAAorgcommunications eaanewsRepa ir_Station_NPRM_Draftpdf The notice of proposed rulemaking is at httpDMSESDOTgovdocimages pdf99431749_webpdf 32 JUNE 2007

Young Eagle 13 Million Hails From New Mexico

Arlene Martinez in the right seat with volunteer Young Eagles pilot Paul Rachels

The EAA Young Eagles program the worlds most successful youth aviation initiative ever has registered the 13-millionth Young Eagle flown She is Arlene Martinez age 12 of Yuma Arizona who took her flight on March 17 at Somerton Airport (54AZ) in a Cessna 170 piloted by Paul Rachels EAA 633950 Rachels is president and Young Eagles coordinator for Yuma EAA Chapter 590

Arlene was very enthusiastic said Rachels who has flown 123 Young Eagles She definitely enjoyed the flight and would like to do it again He always gets a kick out of how kids react to their special flights Its as incredible an experience

for me as it is for them and I have 700 hours of flight time Steve Buss EAA Young Eagles executive director called it another important

milestone for the program which this year marks its 15th anniversary year-the birthday will be marked at AirVenture this year Its wonderful to recognize Paul and Arlenes flight but we also applaud the outstanding continuing support and enthusiasm for Young Eagles by our members We extend our congratulations to all who have helped the program reach this unprecedented level of participation

Nominations Due June 15 for EAA Young Eagles Awards Each year EAA honors several special volunteers at EAA AirVenture with the

annual Young Eagles awards and theres still time to nominate a deserving pershyson for 2007

Nominations for the following awards are being accepted through June 15

bull Chapter Coordinator bull Field Representative bull Ground Support Volunteer bull Young Eagles Humanitarian (presented for efforts to reach special needs

Young Eagles) bull Young Eagles Horizon Award (recognizing efforts to go beyond the basic

Young Eagles flight) Awards will be presented at a special ceremony held at EAA AirVenture Museshy

ums Eagle Hangar on Wednesday July 25 To download the official nomination form visit wwwYoungEaglesorgvolunteersaward_nominationpdf

BY BUCK HILBERT

The very beginning of airworthiness certificates pilot certificates

For many years Ive talked and writshy barnstormers and promote some ten about the beginnings of the Aero order and safety to their flying It had Club of America (ACA) now known one other side effect No record atshyas the National Aeronautic Associashy tempt or air show (or air meet as they tion (NAA) Ive explained how this were called back then) could be staged pioneer era appointed Orville Wright without the approval of the Aero as the chairman of the Contest amp Reshy Club which was affiliated with the cords Board and how a pilot registrashy international governing body the Feshytion program came into being deration Aeronautique Internationale

The World War I pilots returning (FAI) The contestant was required to home were barnstorming and othershy be a member of the Aero Club which wise doing their best to make a living then issued a certification to the pishyin aviation That led to attempts to lot Hence the FAlSporting License register and somehow civilize these old-timers would show was signed by

Certifying Aircraft and Pilots

AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATE IauecI to VIlICElll ASTOR Arw 23 W 26th Sl BYCit shy

m~ts CnltiUs that the Aircraft described below has been Inspected and found AiruIo~ for daylight llyin on AJIlI 0VEIl WUER OKLY

For the Fl)1nA Season of 1922 ~- ~-=l1=~== Cmlampato NJiI~_ _ -- UND ElV1UTEIS~OIlIS Iae

o o-_pmiIyenr3~J__I922 III _ - ~ t

_ _ Mri N=A1fefJ~mATE WAmR AmClWr _ _______ 1 - PQRIlrASRDWTCJN l T bull Y

N_- 01 AlOft to 5 M- 1-1 AJkwL c 9on MuwLOEBDIG AERO ElIGR C~IIoTNo 23-t SodoIH9~iF--__ 0- 30 pr 3 I~ _ 42 PT 6 U __ n 8 Pr _ 2700 4100 II UMIwI 1400 shy_ 130 M _Cd 20000 hlln_H_ 2S_ _ T LIBRRrY I I OBE __ US 32230 __ Do 5 000 - JfAJlJODS JULY 7 1922

Orville Wright It was a requirement of the federal government No federal requirement for a pilots certificate would come into being until the Air Commerce Act gave that authority and responsibility to the Department of Commerce on May 20 1926

In all of the information Ive read on the early days of the ACA later the NAA there was never any menshytion of aircraft standards or airworshythiness certificates I never quesshytioned it and as a matter of fact I never gave it a thought

Then along comes friend and Vinshytage member Mitch Wohl from Barrington Illinois and he drops two books on my desk The first one I picked up was titled A Symbol of Safety This book was first published in 1923 and tells all about the foundshying of the Underwriters Laboratories (UL) Reprinted in 1995 it goes into great detail as to the history of UL I found it very interesting

The second book published on the 100th anniversary of Underwritshyers Laboratories in 1994 amplifies a bit of the material that was pub-

This airworthiness certificate was issued by an Underwriters Laborashytories inspector Maj J W Jones who deemed the Loening Air Yacht of Vincent Astor to be in airworthy condishytion It is restricted to dayligbt flying and over water only Heres a photo of its sister ship from the 1922 Airshycraft Yearbook

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 3 3

Loening monoplane Flying Yacht 100 hp Liberty engine which made a world record for aHitude with three passengers and pilot 19500 feet

lished in the 1923 book Its entire theme is Making the World Safe for Technology What a revelation both regarding the organization s history in general and its involveshyment in aviation

The real beginnings were at the 1893 Worlds Fair at the Great White City in Chicago The Electricity Building had frequent visits by the fire brigade in response to the new alshyternating current electricity displays catching fire and causing problems It was then that William Henry Merrill began his testing lab which proved

electricity could be a servant rather than a master

Our only function is to serve not to profit We are doing someshything for manufacturers buyers and property owners everywhere We are doing things for humanity was a direct quote from Merrill This was the beginning of the lab The lab was funded by corporations that wanted their products tested as well as by the insurance underwriters themselves

From 1893 through 1905 the budshyget expanded from a mere $3000 to more than $300000 During that

The book goes into

great detail

as to physical

standards for

airmen There were

all sorts of tests

for altitude tolerance

fatigue and eyesight

and their standards

specify annual physicals

rAiLW~eeL5

srlINSON 15 JOCII~Y

34 JUNE 2007

time more than 7500 reports were published the lab moved to larger quarters it was chartered in Illinois and the landmark inspection and label service was established Within two years UL inspectors were at work in 67 citshyies UL got into everything electrical fire prevention fire extinguishers automobiles oil and gasses and transportashytion as well Thats where we come in airplanes

When the first commercial airplane takes off here in the USA in the 20s UL registers airplanes certifies pilots and issues the now rather quaint-sounding Rules of the Air

Im getting ahead of the full story but in a nutshell the National Aircraft Underwriters Association proposed and requested UL become the custodian of the official register of all aircraft pilots (other than government pilots) and take full charge of all details connected therewith

UL undertook this branch of the work on July I 1921 The book goes into great detail as to physical stanshy

dards for airmen There were all sorts of tests for altitude tolerance fatigue and eyesight and their standards specify annual physicals

No wonder the early birds were considered supermen The next step was to create a register of commercial and private aircraft On May I 1922 UL began a nationwide inspection service in order to make it possible to issue cershytificates of airworthiness for individual aircraft The details of the inspections and the people employed to conduct them is an early Whos Who in aviation The inspections were very stringent and as demanding for the aircraft as they were for the pilots

And that dear friends is the story of the first airworshythiness certificates They were all issued long before the Department of Commerce became involved and of course long before the creation of the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) and the Federal Aviation Administration

Little by little the freedoms of flight have been whittled down and the myriad of Federal Aviation Regulations we live with came about but here fellow pilots and aircraft owners was the very beginning and it was the insurance people who started it all I(

Over to you (( ~((~

~ Call to order your copies today

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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 35

BY HG FRAUTSCHY

THIS MONTHS MYSTERY PLANE PHOTO IS A BIT OF A MULLIGAN FOR THOSE OF YOU

WHO HAVE ENJOYED L1GHTPLANES FOR A NUMBER OF YEARS STILL NOT MUCH IS PUBLISHED ABOUT THIS RATHER ATTRACTIVE AMPHIBIAN

Send your answer to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box You can also send your response via e-mail Send 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Your answer needs your answer to mysteryplaneeaaorg Be sure to include to be in no later than July 15 for inclusion in the your name city and state in the body of your note and September 2007 issue of Vintage Airplane put I(Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line

MARCH S MYSTERY ANSWER

36 J UN E 2007

nology olph Dope

Heres a little about the March Mystery Plane

The subject Mystery Plane apshypears to be the Longren NL-13 sin 2 X12538 built in 1932 by Albin K Longren (1882-1950) in Kansas City Missouri Longren had been a design consultant for Butler Manushyfacturing Co during the certificashytion of the Butler Blackhawk and built the NL-13 in the Butler facility with help from Butler employees Butler had ceased production by that time in the depths of the Great Depression The NL-13 had an allshy

wing spars and the fabric wing covshyering The engine was a 120-hp Marshytin 333 inve rted inline with four cylinders The X12538 was the only NL-13 built and was not successful in reaching production although it was an ea rly example of formed alushyminum aircraft structures

My information comes from Aeroshyfilescom and from Chuck (Charles E) Lebrechts fine article entitled AK Longren - Pioneer Airman of the West published in American Aviation Historishycal Society Journal Vol26 No4 Winshyter 1981 pp258-270 Lebrechts article gives a great vjew of Longrens career as an aircraft designer and manufacturer

Jack Erickson State College Pennsylvania Other correct answers were reshy

ceived from WaIt House Wichshyita Kansas George Otto Snook Monroe Michigan John Miller Wamego Kansas Cam Bla ze r Leawood Kansas An extensive arshyticle on the airplane and AK Lonshygren written by Wesley Smith is also included in this issue of Vinshytage Airplane

metal airframe except for wooden 1---------------------------------shy

eners and bulkheads the NL-13 fuselage had a safety factor able to absorb 1683g

ahead of the center of gravity (CG) and 11g aft of the CG

This made the fuselage of the NL-13 considerably stronger than that of the Stearman YBT-3 Boeing P-26A Conshysolidated P-30 and Boeing P-12B with which it was compared the YBT-3 having a maximum g-Ioading potential of 109

both fore and aft of the CG While the reshyport recommended the possible adoption of Longrens construction techniques orshyders for the NL-13 were not forthcoming and no further examples were built

With the demise of Butler Longren went to work for himself using a porshytion of the former Butler factory at the Kansas City Municipal Airport In 1933-34 Longren did the initial metal work on the Luscombe Phantom and developed metal-working techniques with his partner Ivan Driggs Plans for opening another aircraft factory were put on hold when Cessn a reopened their Wichita Kansas facility in 1934 for production of the Cessna C-34 Cessna hired Longren as vjce-president a posishy

tion that he held until 1939 when he moved to Torrance California to open the Longren Aircraft Company

While Longren built no further airshycraft he became a successful subconshytractor of prefabricated components for other aircraft manufacturers After the end of World War II Longren sold his company and retired to a 3OOO-acre ranch at Adin Ca lifornia where he passed away due to a heart condition on Nov 19 1950 at age 68

The defini tive Longren article was written by Mr Charles E Lebrecht and was published in the Winter 1981 edishytion of the American Aviation Historical Society Journal (Volume 26 Number 4 pages 258-270) I am indebted to Mr Lebrechts excellent research for the inshyformation in this piece Further informashytion on AK Longren can be found in the pages of Aviation Quarterly (Mace Kenshyneth D Pioneer Airmen ofKansas Volshyume 5 Number 2 Second Quarter 1979 pages 152-163) Mr Maces article is also quite well-written and contains severshyal beautiful photos of Longrens aircraft as well as the 1908 Call Mayfly

VINTAGE A I RPLANE 37

The fo llowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter of information only and does not constishytute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed To submit an event send the information via mail to Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Or e-mail the information to vintageaircrafteaaorg Information should be received four months prior to the event date

JUNE S-IO-Union IL-Poplar Grove Airport Army Wings and Wheels Info Vintage Wings amp Wheels Museum 815-547middot3115 Tom Murray hiwheelsbcglobalnet

JUNE 14-17-St Louis MO-Dauster Flying Field Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) American Waco Club Flymiddotln Info Phil Coulson 269shy624-6490 or rcoulson516cscom www americanwacoclubcom

JUNE 20-2l--Lock Haven PA-William T Piper Memorial Airport (LHV) Sentimental Journey Fly-In Family oriented fly-in featuring antique and classic aircraft of all makes and models especially PIPERS Seminars vendors food camping and entertainment daily Come for the day or the week Call 570-893-4200 or 748shy5123 for more information j3cubkcnet org wwwsentimentaljourneyfly-incom

JUNE 21-24-Mt Vernon Ohio-Wynkoop Airport (6G4) 48th Annual National Waco Club Reunion Check www nationalwacoclubcom for more information and contact information Or email call Andy Heins 937 313 5931 wacoasoaolcom

JUNE 22-24-Gardner KA-Gardner Municipal Airport (K34) Greater KC VAA Chapter 16 Fly-in Contact Kevin Pratt 816-985-3248

JUNE 23-Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

JUNE 30-Chetek WI-The Chetek WI (Y23) 9AM car show craft fair and show a professional horse pull and a water ski show Plenty of food and drink available throughout the day For more info contact Chuck Harrison 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet or Tim Knutson 715-237shy2477 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

JUNE 31-Russellville KY- Russellville-Logan County Airport (4M7) 9th Annual All You Can Eat BarBQ Lunch 1100am - 200pm Rain Date July 5th Aircraft displays skydiving door prizes Everyone welcome For more information eaal165yahoo com wwwangelfirecom ky3 eaal165 Joe Lawrence 270-726-1558

JULY 4-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-llam For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

JULY 6-8--All iance Oh (2Dl)-Taylorcraft and Ohio Aeronca Aviators Fly-In See the airplanes built in Alliance OH amp Middletown

38 JU N E 2007

OH and the people that built them Camping motels food all day fbarberalliancelinkcom 330823-1168 bwmatzllacyahoocom 216 337-5643 httpwwwoaafy-incom see wwwbarberaircraftcom for airport diagrams Breakfast served Sat amp Sun 7AM to 11AM by EM Chapter 82

JULY 14-Zanesville OH-Parr Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

AUGUST 5-Queen City MO-Applegate Airport (15MO) 20th Annual Watermelon Fly-In amp BBQ 2pm til dark Come and see grass roots aviation at its best Info 660-766-2644

AUGUST S-Chetek WI-Southworth Municipal airport (Y23) BBQ Fly-In 1030am Warbird displays antique and unique airplanes antique amp collector car displays and raffles for airplane rides Procedes will be given to local charities Info Chuck Harrison - Office 715-924shy4501 Cell 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet Tim Knutson - Home 715-237-2477 Cell 651-308-2839 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

AUGUST 17-19--McMinnville OR-25th Annual West Coast Travel Air Reunion Come Celebrate the Rebirth of the Travel Air Expected to be the largest gathering of Vintage Travel Airs in recent times Held in conjunction with the Northwest Antique Airplane Club Event Info Bruce McElhoe 559-638-3746

AUGUST 18--Forest Lake MN-(25D)-Airport Fly-in and Open House lOam - 4pm 24shyhour gas and 24-hour grass 3000-foot 31 13 Forest Lake Lions serve brats corn-ltgtn-the-cob and ice cream 100LL is available John Schmidt EM 250021 St Paul Minnesota 651 776 1717

AUGUST IS-I9-Long Island NY- Bayport (23N) Annual Antique Aeroplane Fly-In Old time movies popcorn pig roast flour bomb drop and spot landing contest with the days ending in the in famous Sheep Shagger Baa For more info wwwAACGNY org or email Stuart Bain at Sbain emediaofny com

AUGUST 19-Brookfield WI-Capitol Airport (02C) Ice Cream Social and vintage Aircraft Display VAA Chapter 11 Dean London 262-442-4622

AUGUST 2S-Niles MI-Jerry Tyler Memorial Airport (3TR) VAA Chapter 35 Annual Corn amp Sausage Roast Lunch served 1100am

to 300 pm Rain date on Sunday August 26th Donations of $500 for adults and $300 for children under 12 Contact Len Jansen tripacerlenyahoocom

SEPTEMBER I -Marion IN-Marion Municipal Airport (MZZ) 17th Annual Fly-In Cruise-In 700am until 200pm This annual event features antique classic homebuilt ultralight and warbird aircraft as well as vintage cars trucks motorcycles and tractors An all-you-can-eat Pancake Breakfast is served with all proceeds going to the local Marion High School Marching Band wwwFlylnCruiselncomlnfo Ray Johnson (765) 664-2588 or rjohnson indyrrcom

SEPTEMBER I -Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $2 50 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer Phone (740) 454-7487

SEPTEMBER 2-Mondovi WI-21st Annual Log Cabin Airport Fly-In Doug Ward Owner Operator 715-287-4205 Lunch noon

SEPTEMBER 8-Newark Ohio-NewarkshyHeath Airport (VTA) Annual Fly-In DriveshyIn Breakfast Pancakes and More Young Eagles Flights Vintage Airplanes Classic Cars Tom McFadden 740-587shy2312 email EAA402adelphianet

SEPTEMBER 9-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-12pm For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

SEPTEMBER 21-22- Bartlesville OK-Frank Phillips Field (BVO) 51st Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-In Antiques Classics Light Sport Warbirds Forum Type Clubs Info Charlie Harris 918-622shy8400 wwwtulsafyincom

OCTOBER 5-7-Camden SC-Kershaw County Airport (KCDN) VAA Chapter 3 Fall Fly-In All classes welcome BBQ on field Fri Evening EAA judging all classes Sat Banquet Sat Nite Info Jim Wilson 843-753-7138 or eiwilson homexpresswaynet

OCTOBER 5-7-St Louis MO-Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) The Monocoupe Club Fly-In amp Reunion wwwmonocoupecom

OCTOBER IO-I4-Tuliahoma TN- Beech Birthday Party 2007 Staggerwing Twin Beech 18 Bonanza Baron Beech ownersamp enthusiasts Info 931shy455-1974

Your One STOP Quality Shop Hook up air hose from your compressor Add Glass Beads or otherabrasiveAim powergun 1-888-388-8803 (included) at part and remove 1-780-447-5955 rust paint and scale

Exhaust Systems FAST WORKS GREAT Abrasive recycles 22d 34w Carb Air Boxes 2012h work area22 ga steel14 Structural Assemblies ga steel legs Requires 7 Clamps amp Hardware cfm 80 psi amp shop Round Engine Exhausts

Engine Mounts Fuel Cells Heaters

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2007 MAJOR FLy-INS

For details on EM Chapter flymiddotins and other local avimiddot ation events visit wwweaaorgjevents

Golden West EAA Regional Ay-In

Yuba County Airport (MYV) Marysville CA

June 29middotJuly 1 2007 wwwGodenWestRynorg

Rocky Mountain EAA Regional AyJn Front Range Airport (FTG) Watkins CO

June 23-24 2007 wwwRMRRorg

Arlington EAA Ay-In

Arlington Municipal Airport (AWO) Arlington WA July 11-15 2007

wwwNWEAAorg

EAA AlrVenture Oshkosh

Something to buy sell or trade Classified Word Ads $550 per 10 words 180 words maximum with boldface

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Classified Display Ads One column wide (2167 inches) by 1 2 or 3 inches

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MISCELLANEOUS BABBITT BEARING SERVICE - rod

Wittman Regional Airport (OSH) Oshkosh WI July 23-29 2007 wwwAirVentureorg

EAA Mld-Eastem Regional Ay-In Mansfield Lahm Airport Mansfield OH August 25-26 2007

httpMERR info

Virginia Regional EAA Ay-In

Dinwiddie County Airport (PTB) Petersburg VA October 6-7 2007 wwwVAEAAorg

EAA Southeast Regional Ay-In Middleton Field Airport (GZH) Evergreen AL October 12-14 2007 wwwSERRorg

Copperstate Regional EAA AyJn Casa Grande (Arizona) Municipal Airport (CGZ)

October 25-28 2007 wwwcopperstateorg

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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 39

VINTAGE AIRCRAFT

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40 JUNE 2007

-=-_tI 8015 CONCER

~oNO~Y )JY 13

presented by Ecpse ~1aton n 8lt ford otor col1pa y

Page 34: PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATIONmembers.eaavintage.org/wp...Vol-35-No-6-June-2007.pdf · PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION . ... Flightline Safety Committee and their

BY BUCK HILBERT

The very beginning of airworthiness certificates pilot certificates

For many years Ive talked and writshy barnstormers and promote some ten about the beginnings of the Aero order and safety to their flying It had Club of America (ACA) now known one other side effect No record atshyas the National Aeronautic Associashy tempt or air show (or air meet as they tion (NAA) Ive explained how this were called back then) could be staged pioneer era appointed Orville Wright without the approval of the Aero as the chairman of the Contest amp Reshy Club which was affiliated with the cords Board and how a pilot registrashy international governing body the Feshytion program came into being deration Aeronautique Internationale

The World War I pilots returning (FAI) The contestant was required to home were barnstorming and othershy be a member of the Aero Club which wise doing their best to make a living then issued a certification to the pishyin aviation That led to attempts to lot Hence the FAlSporting License register and somehow civilize these old-timers would show was signed by

Certifying Aircraft and Pilots

AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATE IauecI to VIlICElll ASTOR Arw 23 W 26th Sl BYCit shy

m~ts CnltiUs that the Aircraft described below has been Inspected and found AiruIo~ for daylight llyin on AJIlI 0VEIl WUER OKLY

For the Fl)1nA Season of 1922 ~- ~-=l1=~== Cmlampato NJiI~_ _ -- UND ElV1UTEIS~OIlIS Iae

o o-_pmiIyenr3~J__I922 III _ - ~ t

_ _ Mri N=A1fefJ~mATE WAmR AmClWr _ _______ 1 - PQRIlrASRDWTCJN l T bull Y

N_- 01 AlOft to 5 M- 1-1 AJkwL c 9on MuwLOEBDIG AERO ElIGR C~IIoTNo 23-t SodoIH9~iF--__ 0- 30 pr 3 I~ _ 42 PT 6 U __ n 8 Pr _ 2700 4100 II UMIwI 1400 shy_ 130 M _Cd 20000 hlln_H_ 2S_ _ T LIBRRrY I I OBE __ US 32230 __ Do 5 000 - JfAJlJODS JULY 7 1922

Orville Wright It was a requirement of the federal government No federal requirement for a pilots certificate would come into being until the Air Commerce Act gave that authority and responsibility to the Department of Commerce on May 20 1926

In all of the information Ive read on the early days of the ACA later the NAA there was never any menshytion of aircraft standards or airworshythiness certificates I never quesshytioned it and as a matter of fact I never gave it a thought

Then along comes friend and Vinshytage member Mitch Wohl from Barrington Illinois and he drops two books on my desk The first one I picked up was titled A Symbol of Safety This book was first published in 1923 and tells all about the foundshying of the Underwriters Laboratories (UL) Reprinted in 1995 it goes into great detail as to the history of UL I found it very interesting

The second book published on the 100th anniversary of Underwritshyers Laboratories in 1994 amplifies a bit of the material that was pub-

This airworthiness certificate was issued by an Underwriters Laborashytories inspector Maj J W Jones who deemed the Loening Air Yacht of Vincent Astor to be in airworthy condishytion It is restricted to dayligbt flying and over water only Heres a photo of its sister ship from the 1922 Airshycraft Yearbook

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 3 3

Loening monoplane Flying Yacht 100 hp Liberty engine which made a world record for aHitude with three passengers and pilot 19500 feet

lished in the 1923 book Its entire theme is Making the World Safe for Technology What a revelation both regarding the organization s history in general and its involveshyment in aviation

The real beginnings were at the 1893 Worlds Fair at the Great White City in Chicago The Electricity Building had frequent visits by the fire brigade in response to the new alshyternating current electricity displays catching fire and causing problems It was then that William Henry Merrill began his testing lab which proved

electricity could be a servant rather than a master

Our only function is to serve not to profit We are doing someshything for manufacturers buyers and property owners everywhere We are doing things for humanity was a direct quote from Merrill This was the beginning of the lab The lab was funded by corporations that wanted their products tested as well as by the insurance underwriters themselves

From 1893 through 1905 the budshyget expanded from a mere $3000 to more than $300000 During that

The book goes into

great detail

as to physical

standards for

airmen There were

all sorts of tests

for altitude tolerance

fatigue and eyesight

and their standards

specify annual physicals

rAiLW~eeL5

srlINSON 15 JOCII~Y

34 JUNE 2007

time more than 7500 reports were published the lab moved to larger quarters it was chartered in Illinois and the landmark inspection and label service was established Within two years UL inspectors were at work in 67 citshyies UL got into everything electrical fire prevention fire extinguishers automobiles oil and gasses and transportashytion as well Thats where we come in airplanes

When the first commercial airplane takes off here in the USA in the 20s UL registers airplanes certifies pilots and issues the now rather quaint-sounding Rules of the Air

Im getting ahead of the full story but in a nutshell the National Aircraft Underwriters Association proposed and requested UL become the custodian of the official register of all aircraft pilots (other than government pilots) and take full charge of all details connected therewith

UL undertook this branch of the work on July I 1921 The book goes into great detail as to physical stanshy

dards for airmen There were all sorts of tests for altitude tolerance fatigue and eyesight and their standards specify annual physicals

No wonder the early birds were considered supermen The next step was to create a register of commercial and private aircraft On May I 1922 UL began a nationwide inspection service in order to make it possible to issue cershytificates of airworthiness for individual aircraft The details of the inspections and the people employed to conduct them is an early Whos Who in aviation The inspections were very stringent and as demanding for the aircraft as they were for the pilots

And that dear friends is the story of the first airworshythiness certificates They were all issued long before the Department of Commerce became involved and of course long before the creation of the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) and the Federal Aviation Administration

Little by little the freedoms of flight have been whittled down and the myriad of Federal Aviation Regulations we live with came about but here fellow pilots and aircraft owners was the very beginning and it was the insurance people who started it all I(

Over to you (( ~((~

~ Call to order your copies today

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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 35

BY HG FRAUTSCHY

THIS MONTHS MYSTERY PLANE PHOTO IS A BIT OF A MULLIGAN FOR THOSE OF YOU

WHO HAVE ENJOYED L1GHTPLANES FOR A NUMBER OF YEARS STILL NOT MUCH IS PUBLISHED ABOUT THIS RATHER ATTRACTIVE AMPHIBIAN

Send your answer to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box You can also send your response via e-mail Send 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Your answer needs your answer to mysteryplaneeaaorg Be sure to include to be in no later than July 15 for inclusion in the your name city and state in the body of your note and September 2007 issue of Vintage Airplane put I(Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line

MARCH S MYSTERY ANSWER

36 J UN E 2007

nology olph Dope

Heres a little about the March Mystery Plane

The subject Mystery Plane apshypears to be the Longren NL-13 sin 2 X12538 built in 1932 by Albin K Longren (1882-1950) in Kansas City Missouri Longren had been a design consultant for Butler Manushyfacturing Co during the certificashytion of the Butler Blackhawk and built the NL-13 in the Butler facility with help from Butler employees Butler had ceased production by that time in the depths of the Great Depression The NL-13 had an allshy

wing spars and the fabric wing covshyering The engine was a 120-hp Marshytin 333 inve rted inline with four cylinders The X12538 was the only NL-13 built and was not successful in reaching production although it was an ea rly example of formed alushyminum aircraft structures

My information comes from Aeroshyfilescom and from Chuck (Charles E) Lebrechts fine article entitled AK Longren - Pioneer Airman of the West published in American Aviation Historishycal Society Journal Vol26 No4 Winshyter 1981 pp258-270 Lebrechts article gives a great vjew of Longrens career as an aircraft designer and manufacturer

Jack Erickson State College Pennsylvania Other correct answers were reshy

ceived from WaIt House Wichshyita Kansas George Otto Snook Monroe Michigan John Miller Wamego Kansas Cam Bla ze r Leawood Kansas An extensive arshyticle on the airplane and AK Lonshygren written by Wesley Smith is also included in this issue of Vinshytage Airplane

metal airframe except for wooden 1---------------------------------shy

eners and bulkheads the NL-13 fuselage had a safety factor able to absorb 1683g

ahead of the center of gravity (CG) and 11g aft of the CG

This made the fuselage of the NL-13 considerably stronger than that of the Stearman YBT-3 Boeing P-26A Conshysolidated P-30 and Boeing P-12B with which it was compared the YBT-3 having a maximum g-Ioading potential of 109

both fore and aft of the CG While the reshyport recommended the possible adoption of Longrens construction techniques orshyders for the NL-13 were not forthcoming and no further examples were built

With the demise of Butler Longren went to work for himself using a porshytion of the former Butler factory at the Kansas City Municipal Airport In 1933-34 Longren did the initial metal work on the Luscombe Phantom and developed metal-working techniques with his partner Ivan Driggs Plans for opening another aircraft factory were put on hold when Cessn a reopened their Wichita Kansas facility in 1934 for production of the Cessna C-34 Cessna hired Longren as vjce-president a posishy

tion that he held until 1939 when he moved to Torrance California to open the Longren Aircraft Company

While Longren built no further airshycraft he became a successful subconshytractor of prefabricated components for other aircraft manufacturers After the end of World War II Longren sold his company and retired to a 3OOO-acre ranch at Adin Ca lifornia where he passed away due to a heart condition on Nov 19 1950 at age 68

The defini tive Longren article was written by Mr Charles E Lebrecht and was published in the Winter 1981 edishytion of the American Aviation Historical Society Journal (Volume 26 Number 4 pages 258-270) I am indebted to Mr Lebrechts excellent research for the inshyformation in this piece Further informashytion on AK Longren can be found in the pages of Aviation Quarterly (Mace Kenshyneth D Pioneer Airmen ofKansas Volshyume 5 Number 2 Second Quarter 1979 pages 152-163) Mr Maces article is also quite well-written and contains severshyal beautiful photos of Longrens aircraft as well as the 1908 Call Mayfly

VINTAGE A I RPLANE 37

The fo llowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter of information only and does not constishytute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed To submit an event send the information via mail to Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Or e-mail the information to vintageaircrafteaaorg Information should be received four months prior to the event date

JUNE S-IO-Union IL-Poplar Grove Airport Army Wings and Wheels Info Vintage Wings amp Wheels Museum 815-547middot3115 Tom Murray hiwheelsbcglobalnet

JUNE 14-17-St Louis MO-Dauster Flying Field Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) American Waco Club Flymiddotln Info Phil Coulson 269shy624-6490 or rcoulson516cscom www americanwacoclubcom

JUNE 20-2l--Lock Haven PA-William T Piper Memorial Airport (LHV) Sentimental Journey Fly-In Family oriented fly-in featuring antique and classic aircraft of all makes and models especially PIPERS Seminars vendors food camping and entertainment daily Come for the day or the week Call 570-893-4200 or 748shy5123 for more information j3cubkcnet org wwwsentimentaljourneyfly-incom

JUNE 21-24-Mt Vernon Ohio-Wynkoop Airport (6G4) 48th Annual National Waco Club Reunion Check www nationalwacoclubcom for more information and contact information Or email call Andy Heins 937 313 5931 wacoasoaolcom

JUNE 22-24-Gardner KA-Gardner Municipal Airport (K34) Greater KC VAA Chapter 16 Fly-in Contact Kevin Pratt 816-985-3248

JUNE 23-Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

JUNE 30-Chetek WI-The Chetek WI (Y23) 9AM car show craft fair and show a professional horse pull and a water ski show Plenty of food and drink available throughout the day For more info contact Chuck Harrison 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet or Tim Knutson 715-237shy2477 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

JUNE 31-Russellville KY- Russellville-Logan County Airport (4M7) 9th Annual All You Can Eat BarBQ Lunch 1100am - 200pm Rain Date July 5th Aircraft displays skydiving door prizes Everyone welcome For more information eaal165yahoo com wwwangelfirecom ky3 eaal165 Joe Lawrence 270-726-1558

JULY 4-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-llam For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

JULY 6-8--All iance Oh (2Dl)-Taylorcraft and Ohio Aeronca Aviators Fly-In See the airplanes built in Alliance OH amp Middletown

38 JU N E 2007

OH and the people that built them Camping motels food all day fbarberalliancelinkcom 330823-1168 bwmatzllacyahoocom 216 337-5643 httpwwwoaafy-incom see wwwbarberaircraftcom for airport diagrams Breakfast served Sat amp Sun 7AM to 11AM by EM Chapter 82

JULY 14-Zanesville OH-Parr Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

AUGUST 5-Queen City MO-Applegate Airport (15MO) 20th Annual Watermelon Fly-In amp BBQ 2pm til dark Come and see grass roots aviation at its best Info 660-766-2644

AUGUST S-Chetek WI-Southworth Municipal airport (Y23) BBQ Fly-In 1030am Warbird displays antique and unique airplanes antique amp collector car displays and raffles for airplane rides Procedes will be given to local charities Info Chuck Harrison - Office 715-924shy4501 Cell 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet Tim Knutson - Home 715-237-2477 Cell 651-308-2839 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

AUGUST 17-19--McMinnville OR-25th Annual West Coast Travel Air Reunion Come Celebrate the Rebirth of the Travel Air Expected to be the largest gathering of Vintage Travel Airs in recent times Held in conjunction with the Northwest Antique Airplane Club Event Info Bruce McElhoe 559-638-3746

AUGUST 18--Forest Lake MN-(25D)-Airport Fly-in and Open House lOam - 4pm 24shyhour gas and 24-hour grass 3000-foot 31 13 Forest Lake Lions serve brats corn-ltgtn-the-cob and ice cream 100LL is available John Schmidt EM 250021 St Paul Minnesota 651 776 1717

AUGUST IS-I9-Long Island NY- Bayport (23N) Annual Antique Aeroplane Fly-In Old time movies popcorn pig roast flour bomb drop and spot landing contest with the days ending in the in famous Sheep Shagger Baa For more info wwwAACGNY org or email Stuart Bain at Sbain emediaofny com

AUGUST 19-Brookfield WI-Capitol Airport (02C) Ice Cream Social and vintage Aircraft Display VAA Chapter 11 Dean London 262-442-4622

AUGUST 2S-Niles MI-Jerry Tyler Memorial Airport (3TR) VAA Chapter 35 Annual Corn amp Sausage Roast Lunch served 1100am

to 300 pm Rain date on Sunday August 26th Donations of $500 for adults and $300 for children under 12 Contact Len Jansen tripacerlenyahoocom

SEPTEMBER I -Marion IN-Marion Municipal Airport (MZZ) 17th Annual Fly-In Cruise-In 700am until 200pm This annual event features antique classic homebuilt ultralight and warbird aircraft as well as vintage cars trucks motorcycles and tractors An all-you-can-eat Pancake Breakfast is served with all proceeds going to the local Marion High School Marching Band wwwFlylnCruiselncomlnfo Ray Johnson (765) 664-2588 or rjohnson indyrrcom

SEPTEMBER I -Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $2 50 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer Phone (740) 454-7487

SEPTEMBER 2-Mondovi WI-21st Annual Log Cabin Airport Fly-In Doug Ward Owner Operator 715-287-4205 Lunch noon

SEPTEMBER 8-Newark Ohio-NewarkshyHeath Airport (VTA) Annual Fly-In DriveshyIn Breakfast Pancakes and More Young Eagles Flights Vintage Airplanes Classic Cars Tom McFadden 740-587shy2312 email EAA402adelphianet

SEPTEMBER 9-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-12pm For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

SEPTEMBER 21-22- Bartlesville OK-Frank Phillips Field (BVO) 51st Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-In Antiques Classics Light Sport Warbirds Forum Type Clubs Info Charlie Harris 918-622shy8400 wwwtulsafyincom

OCTOBER 5-7-Camden SC-Kershaw County Airport (KCDN) VAA Chapter 3 Fall Fly-In All classes welcome BBQ on field Fri Evening EAA judging all classes Sat Banquet Sat Nite Info Jim Wilson 843-753-7138 or eiwilson homexpresswaynet

OCTOBER 5-7-St Louis MO-Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) The Monocoupe Club Fly-In amp Reunion wwwmonocoupecom

OCTOBER IO-I4-Tuliahoma TN- Beech Birthday Party 2007 Staggerwing Twin Beech 18 Bonanza Baron Beech ownersamp enthusiasts Info 931shy455-1974

Your One STOP Quality Shop Hook up air hose from your compressor Add Glass Beads or otherabrasiveAim powergun 1-888-388-8803 (included) at part and remove 1-780-447-5955 rust paint and scale

Exhaust Systems FAST WORKS GREAT Abrasive recycles 22d 34w Carb Air Boxes 2012h work area22 ga steel14 Structural Assemblies ga steel legs Requires 7 Clamps amp Hardware cfm 80 psi amp shop Round Engine Exhausts

Engine Mounts Fuel Cells Heaters

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2007 MAJOR FLy-INS

For details on EM Chapter flymiddotins and other local avimiddot ation events visit wwweaaorgjevents

Golden West EAA Regional Ay-In

Yuba County Airport (MYV) Marysville CA

June 29middotJuly 1 2007 wwwGodenWestRynorg

Rocky Mountain EAA Regional AyJn Front Range Airport (FTG) Watkins CO

June 23-24 2007 wwwRMRRorg

Arlington EAA Ay-In

Arlington Municipal Airport (AWO) Arlington WA July 11-15 2007

wwwNWEAAorg

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Something to buy sell or trade Classified Word Ads $550 per 10 words 180 words maximum with boldface

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MISCELLANEOUS BABBITT BEARING SERVICE - rod

Wittman Regional Airport (OSH) Oshkosh WI July 23-29 2007 wwwAirVentureorg

EAA Mld-Eastem Regional Ay-In Mansfield Lahm Airport Mansfield OH August 25-26 2007

httpMERR info

Virginia Regional EAA Ay-In

Dinwiddie County Airport (PTB) Petersburg VA October 6-7 2007 wwwVAEAAorg

EAA Southeast Regional Ay-In Middleton Field Airport (GZH) Evergreen AL October 12-14 2007 wwwSERRorg

Copperstate Regional EAA AyJn Casa Grande (Arizona) Municipal Airport (CGZ)

October 25-28 2007 wwwcopperstateorg

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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 39

VINTAGE AIRCRAFT

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40 JUNE 2007

-=-_tI 8015 CONCER

~oNO~Y )JY 13

presented by Ecpse ~1aton n 8lt ford otor col1pa y

Page 35: PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATIONmembers.eaavintage.org/wp...Vol-35-No-6-June-2007.pdf · PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION . ... Flightline Safety Committee and their

Loening monoplane Flying Yacht 100 hp Liberty engine which made a world record for aHitude with three passengers and pilot 19500 feet

lished in the 1923 book Its entire theme is Making the World Safe for Technology What a revelation both regarding the organization s history in general and its involveshyment in aviation

The real beginnings were at the 1893 Worlds Fair at the Great White City in Chicago The Electricity Building had frequent visits by the fire brigade in response to the new alshyternating current electricity displays catching fire and causing problems It was then that William Henry Merrill began his testing lab which proved

electricity could be a servant rather than a master

Our only function is to serve not to profit We are doing someshything for manufacturers buyers and property owners everywhere We are doing things for humanity was a direct quote from Merrill This was the beginning of the lab The lab was funded by corporations that wanted their products tested as well as by the insurance underwriters themselves

From 1893 through 1905 the budshyget expanded from a mere $3000 to more than $300000 During that

The book goes into

great detail

as to physical

standards for

airmen There were

all sorts of tests

for altitude tolerance

fatigue and eyesight

and their standards

specify annual physicals

rAiLW~eeL5

srlINSON 15 JOCII~Y

34 JUNE 2007

time more than 7500 reports were published the lab moved to larger quarters it was chartered in Illinois and the landmark inspection and label service was established Within two years UL inspectors were at work in 67 citshyies UL got into everything electrical fire prevention fire extinguishers automobiles oil and gasses and transportashytion as well Thats where we come in airplanes

When the first commercial airplane takes off here in the USA in the 20s UL registers airplanes certifies pilots and issues the now rather quaint-sounding Rules of the Air

Im getting ahead of the full story but in a nutshell the National Aircraft Underwriters Association proposed and requested UL become the custodian of the official register of all aircraft pilots (other than government pilots) and take full charge of all details connected therewith

UL undertook this branch of the work on July I 1921 The book goes into great detail as to physical stanshy

dards for airmen There were all sorts of tests for altitude tolerance fatigue and eyesight and their standards specify annual physicals

No wonder the early birds were considered supermen The next step was to create a register of commercial and private aircraft On May I 1922 UL began a nationwide inspection service in order to make it possible to issue cershytificates of airworthiness for individual aircraft The details of the inspections and the people employed to conduct them is an early Whos Who in aviation The inspections were very stringent and as demanding for the aircraft as they were for the pilots

And that dear friends is the story of the first airworshythiness certificates They were all issued long before the Department of Commerce became involved and of course long before the creation of the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) and the Federal Aviation Administration

Little by little the freedoms of flight have been whittled down and the myriad of Federal Aviation Regulations we live with came about but here fellow pilots and aircraft owners was the very beginning and it was the insurance people who started it all I(

Over to you (( ~((~

~ Call to order your copies today

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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 35

BY HG FRAUTSCHY

THIS MONTHS MYSTERY PLANE PHOTO IS A BIT OF A MULLIGAN FOR THOSE OF YOU

WHO HAVE ENJOYED L1GHTPLANES FOR A NUMBER OF YEARS STILL NOT MUCH IS PUBLISHED ABOUT THIS RATHER ATTRACTIVE AMPHIBIAN

Send your answer to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box You can also send your response via e-mail Send 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Your answer needs your answer to mysteryplaneeaaorg Be sure to include to be in no later than July 15 for inclusion in the your name city and state in the body of your note and September 2007 issue of Vintage Airplane put I(Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line

MARCH S MYSTERY ANSWER

36 J UN E 2007

nology olph Dope

Heres a little about the March Mystery Plane

The subject Mystery Plane apshypears to be the Longren NL-13 sin 2 X12538 built in 1932 by Albin K Longren (1882-1950) in Kansas City Missouri Longren had been a design consultant for Butler Manushyfacturing Co during the certificashytion of the Butler Blackhawk and built the NL-13 in the Butler facility with help from Butler employees Butler had ceased production by that time in the depths of the Great Depression The NL-13 had an allshy

wing spars and the fabric wing covshyering The engine was a 120-hp Marshytin 333 inve rted inline with four cylinders The X12538 was the only NL-13 built and was not successful in reaching production although it was an ea rly example of formed alushyminum aircraft structures

My information comes from Aeroshyfilescom and from Chuck (Charles E) Lebrechts fine article entitled AK Longren - Pioneer Airman of the West published in American Aviation Historishycal Society Journal Vol26 No4 Winshyter 1981 pp258-270 Lebrechts article gives a great vjew of Longrens career as an aircraft designer and manufacturer

Jack Erickson State College Pennsylvania Other correct answers were reshy

ceived from WaIt House Wichshyita Kansas George Otto Snook Monroe Michigan John Miller Wamego Kansas Cam Bla ze r Leawood Kansas An extensive arshyticle on the airplane and AK Lonshygren written by Wesley Smith is also included in this issue of Vinshytage Airplane

metal airframe except for wooden 1---------------------------------shy

eners and bulkheads the NL-13 fuselage had a safety factor able to absorb 1683g

ahead of the center of gravity (CG) and 11g aft of the CG

This made the fuselage of the NL-13 considerably stronger than that of the Stearman YBT-3 Boeing P-26A Conshysolidated P-30 and Boeing P-12B with which it was compared the YBT-3 having a maximum g-Ioading potential of 109

both fore and aft of the CG While the reshyport recommended the possible adoption of Longrens construction techniques orshyders for the NL-13 were not forthcoming and no further examples were built

With the demise of Butler Longren went to work for himself using a porshytion of the former Butler factory at the Kansas City Municipal Airport In 1933-34 Longren did the initial metal work on the Luscombe Phantom and developed metal-working techniques with his partner Ivan Driggs Plans for opening another aircraft factory were put on hold when Cessn a reopened their Wichita Kansas facility in 1934 for production of the Cessna C-34 Cessna hired Longren as vjce-president a posishy

tion that he held until 1939 when he moved to Torrance California to open the Longren Aircraft Company

While Longren built no further airshycraft he became a successful subconshytractor of prefabricated components for other aircraft manufacturers After the end of World War II Longren sold his company and retired to a 3OOO-acre ranch at Adin Ca lifornia where he passed away due to a heart condition on Nov 19 1950 at age 68

The defini tive Longren article was written by Mr Charles E Lebrecht and was published in the Winter 1981 edishytion of the American Aviation Historical Society Journal (Volume 26 Number 4 pages 258-270) I am indebted to Mr Lebrechts excellent research for the inshyformation in this piece Further informashytion on AK Longren can be found in the pages of Aviation Quarterly (Mace Kenshyneth D Pioneer Airmen ofKansas Volshyume 5 Number 2 Second Quarter 1979 pages 152-163) Mr Maces article is also quite well-written and contains severshyal beautiful photos of Longrens aircraft as well as the 1908 Call Mayfly

VINTAGE A I RPLANE 37

The fo llowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter of information only and does not constishytute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed To submit an event send the information via mail to Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Or e-mail the information to vintageaircrafteaaorg Information should be received four months prior to the event date

JUNE S-IO-Union IL-Poplar Grove Airport Army Wings and Wheels Info Vintage Wings amp Wheels Museum 815-547middot3115 Tom Murray hiwheelsbcglobalnet

JUNE 14-17-St Louis MO-Dauster Flying Field Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) American Waco Club Flymiddotln Info Phil Coulson 269shy624-6490 or rcoulson516cscom www americanwacoclubcom

JUNE 20-2l--Lock Haven PA-William T Piper Memorial Airport (LHV) Sentimental Journey Fly-In Family oriented fly-in featuring antique and classic aircraft of all makes and models especially PIPERS Seminars vendors food camping and entertainment daily Come for the day or the week Call 570-893-4200 or 748shy5123 for more information j3cubkcnet org wwwsentimentaljourneyfly-incom

JUNE 21-24-Mt Vernon Ohio-Wynkoop Airport (6G4) 48th Annual National Waco Club Reunion Check www nationalwacoclubcom for more information and contact information Or email call Andy Heins 937 313 5931 wacoasoaolcom

JUNE 22-24-Gardner KA-Gardner Municipal Airport (K34) Greater KC VAA Chapter 16 Fly-in Contact Kevin Pratt 816-985-3248

JUNE 23-Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

JUNE 30-Chetek WI-The Chetek WI (Y23) 9AM car show craft fair and show a professional horse pull and a water ski show Plenty of food and drink available throughout the day For more info contact Chuck Harrison 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet or Tim Knutson 715-237shy2477 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

JUNE 31-Russellville KY- Russellville-Logan County Airport (4M7) 9th Annual All You Can Eat BarBQ Lunch 1100am - 200pm Rain Date July 5th Aircraft displays skydiving door prizes Everyone welcome For more information eaal165yahoo com wwwangelfirecom ky3 eaal165 Joe Lawrence 270-726-1558

JULY 4-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-llam For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

JULY 6-8--All iance Oh (2Dl)-Taylorcraft and Ohio Aeronca Aviators Fly-In See the airplanes built in Alliance OH amp Middletown

38 JU N E 2007

OH and the people that built them Camping motels food all day fbarberalliancelinkcom 330823-1168 bwmatzllacyahoocom 216 337-5643 httpwwwoaafy-incom see wwwbarberaircraftcom for airport diagrams Breakfast served Sat amp Sun 7AM to 11AM by EM Chapter 82

JULY 14-Zanesville OH-Parr Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

AUGUST 5-Queen City MO-Applegate Airport (15MO) 20th Annual Watermelon Fly-In amp BBQ 2pm til dark Come and see grass roots aviation at its best Info 660-766-2644

AUGUST S-Chetek WI-Southworth Municipal airport (Y23) BBQ Fly-In 1030am Warbird displays antique and unique airplanes antique amp collector car displays and raffles for airplane rides Procedes will be given to local charities Info Chuck Harrison - Office 715-924shy4501 Cell 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet Tim Knutson - Home 715-237-2477 Cell 651-308-2839 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

AUGUST 17-19--McMinnville OR-25th Annual West Coast Travel Air Reunion Come Celebrate the Rebirth of the Travel Air Expected to be the largest gathering of Vintage Travel Airs in recent times Held in conjunction with the Northwest Antique Airplane Club Event Info Bruce McElhoe 559-638-3746

AUGUST 18--Forest Lake MN-(25D)-Airport Fly-in and Open House lOam - 4pm 24shyhour gas and 24-hour grass 3000-foot 31 13 Forest Lake Lions serve brats corn-ltgtn-the-cob and ice cream 100LL is available John Schmidt EM 250021 St Paul Minnesota 651 776 1717

AUGUST IS-I9-Long Island NY- Bayport (23N) Annual Antique Aeroplane Fly-In Old time movies popcorn pig roast flour bomb drop and spot landing contest with the days ending in the in famous Sheep Shagger Baa For more info wwwAACGNY org or email Stuart Bain at Sbain emediaofny com

AUGUST 19-Brookfield WI-Capitol Airport (02C) Ice Cream Social and vintage Aircraft Display VAA Chapter 11 Dean London 262-442-4622

AUGUST 2S-Niles MI-Jerry Tyler Memorial Airport (3TR) VAA Chapter 35 Annual Corn amp Sausage Roast Lunch served 1100am

to 300 pm Rain date on Sunday August 26th Donations of $500 for adults and $300 for children under 12 Contact Len Jansen tripacerlenyahoocom

SEPTEMBER I -Marion IN-Marion Municipal Airport (MZZ) 17th Annual Fly-In Cruise-In 700am until 200pm This annual event features antique classic homebuilt ultralight and warbird aircraft as well as vintage cars trucks motorcycles and tractors An all-you-can-eat Pancake Breakfast is served with all proceeds going to the local Marion High School Marching Band wwwFlylnCruiselncomlnfo Ray Johnson (765) 664-2588 or rjohnson indyrrcom

SEPTEMBER I -Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $2 50 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer Phone (740) 454-7487

SEPTEMBER 2-Mondovi WI-21st Annual Log Cabin Airport Fly-In Doug Ward Owner Operator 715-287-4205 Lunch noon

SEPTEMBER 8-Newark Ohio-NewarkshyHeath Airport (VTA) Annual Fly-In DriveshyIn Breakfast Pancakes and More Young Eagles Flights Vintage Airplanes Classic Cars Tom McFadden 740-587shy2312 email EAA402adelphianet

SEPTEMBER 9-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-12pm For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

SEPTEMBER 21-22- Bartlesville OK-Frank Phillips Field (BVO) 51st Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-In Antiques Classics Light Sport Warbirds Forum Type Clubs Info Charlie Harris 918-622shy8400 wwwtulsafyincom

OCTOBER 5-7-Camden SC-Kershaw County Airport (KCDN) VAA Chapter 3 Fall Fly-In All classes welcome BBQ on field Fri Evening EAA judging all classes Sat Banquet Sat Nite Info Jim Wilson 843-753-7138 or eiwilson homexpresswaynet

OCTOBER 5-7-St Louis MO-Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) The Monocoupe Club Fly-In amp Reunion wwwmonocoupecom

OCTOBER IO-I4-Tuliahoma TN- Beech Birthday Party 2007 Staggerwing Twin Beech 18 Bonanza Baron Beech ownersamp enthusiasts Info 931shy455-1974

Your One STOP Quality Shop Hook up air hose from your compressor Add Glass Beads or otherabrasiveAim powergun 1-888-388-8803 (included) at part and remove 1-780-447-5955 rust paint and scale

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For details on EM Chapter flymiddotins and other local avimiddot ation events visit wwweaaorgjevents

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June 29middotJuly 1 2007 wwwGodenWestRynorg

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VINTAGE AIRPLANE 39

VINTAGE AIRCRAFT

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40 JUNE 2007

-=-_tI 8015 CONCER

~oNO~Y )JY 13

presented by Ecpse ~1aton n 8lt ford otor col1pa y

Page 36: PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATIONmembers.eaavintage.org/wp...Vol-35-No-6-June-2007.pdf · PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION . ... Flightline Safety Committee and their

time more than 7500 reports were published the lab moved to larger quarters it was chartered in Illinois and the landmark inspection and label service was established Within two years UL inspectors were at work in 67 citshyies UL got into everything electrical fire prevention fire extinguishers automobiles oil and gasses and transportashytion as well Thats where we come in airplanes

When the first commercial airplane takes off here in the USA in the 20s UL registers airplanes certifies pilots and issues the now rather quaint-sounding Rules of the Air

Im getting ahead of the full story but in a nutshell the National Aircraft Underwriters Association proposed and requested UL become the custodian of the official register of all aircraft pilots (other than government pilots) and take full charge of all details connected therewith

UL undertook this branch of the work on July I 1921 The book goes into great detail as to physical stanshy

dards for airmen There were all sorts of tests for altitude tolerance fatigue and eyesight and their standards specify annual physicals

No wonder the early birds were considered supermen The next step was to create a register of commercial and private aircraft On May I 1922 UL began a nationwide inspection service in order to make it possible to issue cershytificates of airworthiness for individual aircraft The details of the inspections and the people employed to conduct them is an early Whos Who in aviation The inspections were very stringent and as demanding for the aircraft as they were for the pilots

And that dear friends is the story of the first airworshythiness certificates They were all issued long before the Department of Commerce became involved and of course long before the creation of the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) and the Federal Aviation Administration

Little by little the freedoms of flight have been whittled down and the myriad of Federal Aviation Regulations we live with came about but here fellow pilots and aircraft owners was the very beginning and it was the insurance people who started it all I(

Over to you (( ~((~

~ Call to order your copies today

AERO CLASSIC COLLECTOR SERIES

Vintage Tires New USA Production

Show off your pride and joy with a fresh set of Vintage Rubber These newly minted tires are FAA-TSOd and speed rated to 120 MPH Some things are better left the way they

were and in the 40s and 50s these tires were perfectly in tune to the exciting times in aviation

Not only do these tires set your vintage plane apart from the rest but also look exceptional on all General Aviation aircraft Deep 832nd tread depth offers above average tread life and UV treated rubber resists aging

First impressions last a lifetime so put these bring back the good times New General Aviation Sizes Available

500 x 5 600 X 6 700 X 8

Oesser has the largest stock and selection of Vintage and Warbird tires in the world Contact us with

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 35

BY HG FRAUTSCHY

THIS MONTHS MYSTERY PLANE PHOTO IS A BIT OF A MULLIGAN FOR THOSE OF YOU

WHO HAVE ENJOYED L1GHTPLANES FOR A NUMBER OF YEARS STILL NOT MUCH IS PUBLISHED ABOUT THIS RATHER ATTRACTIVE AMPHIBIAN

Send your answer to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box You can also send your response via e-mail Send 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Your answer needs your answer to mysteryplaneeaaorg Be sure to include to be in no later than July 15 for inclusion in the your name city and state in the body of your note and September 2007 issue of Vintage Airplane put I(Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line

MARCH S MYSTERY ANSWER

36 J UN E 2007

nology olph Dope

Heres a little about the March Mystery Plane

The subject Mystery Plane apshypears to be the Longren NL-13 sin 2 X12538 built in 1932 by Albin K Longren (1882-1950) in Kansas City Missouri Longren had been a design consultant for Butler Manushyfacturing Co during the certificashytion of the Butler Blackhawk and built the NL-13 in the Butler facility with help from Butler employees Butler had ceased production by that time in the depths of the Great Depression The NL-13 had an allshy

wing spars and the fabric wing covshyering The engine was a 120-hp Marshytin 333 inve rted inline with four cylinders The X12538 was the only NL-13 built and was not successful in reaching production although it was an ea rly example of formed alushyminum aircraft structures

My information comes from Aeroshyfilescom and from Chuck (Charles E) Lebrechts fine article entitled AK Longren - Pioneer Airman of the West published in American Aviation Historishycal Society Journal Vol26 No4 Winshyter 1981 pp258-270 Lebrechts article gives a great vjew of Longrens career as an aircraft designer and manufacturer

Jack Erickson State College Pennsylvania Other correct answers were reshy

ceived from WaIt House Wichshyita Kansas George Otto Snook Monroe Michigan John Miller Wamego Kansas Cam Bla ze r Leawood Kansas An extensive arshyticle on the airplane and AK Lonshygren written by Wesley Smith is also included in this issue of Vinshytage Airplane

metal airframe except for wooden 1---------------------------------shy

eners and bulkheads the NL-13 fuselage had a safety factor able to absorb 1683g

ahead of the center of gravity (CG) and 11g aft of the CG

This made the fuselage of the NL-13 considerably stronger than that of the Stearman YBT-3 Boeing P-26A Conshysolidated P-30 and Boeing P-12B with which it was compared the YBT-3 having a maximum g-Ioading potential of 109

both fore and aft of the CG While the reshyport recommended the possible adoption of Longrens construction techniques orshyders for the NL-13 were not forthcoming and no further examples were built

With the demise of Butler Longren went to work for himself using a porshytion of the former Butler factory at the Kansas City Municipal Airport In 1933-34 Longren did the initial metal work on the Luscombe Phantom and developed metal-working techniques with his partner Ivan Driggs Plans for opening another aircraft factory were put on hold when Cessn a reopened their Wichita Kansas facility in 1934 for production of the Cessna C-34 Cessna hired Longren as vjce-president a posishy

tion that he held until 1939 when he moved to Torrance California to open the Longren Aircraft Company

While Longren built no further airshycraft he became a successful subconshytractor of prefabricated components for other aircraft manufacturers After the end of World War II Longren sold his company and retired to a 3OOO-acre ranch at Adin Ca lifornia where he passed away due to a heart condition on Nov 19 1950 at age 68

The defini tive Longren article was written by Mr Charles E Lebrecht and was published in the Winter 1981 edishytion of the American Aviation Historical Society Journal (Volume 26 Number 4 pages 258-270) I am indebted to Mr Lebrechts excellent research for the inshyformation in this piece Further informashytion on AK Longren can be found in the pages of Aviation Quarterly (Mace Kenshyneth D Pioneer Airmen ofKansas Volshyume 5 Number 2 Second Quarter 1979 pages 152-163) Mr Maces article is also quite well-written and contains severshyal beautiful photos of Longrens aircraft as well as the 1908 Call Mayfly

VINTAGE A I RPLANE 37

The fo llowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter of information only and does not constishytute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed To submit an event send the information via mail to Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Or e-mail the information to vintageaircrafteaaorg Information should be received four months prior to the event date

JUNE S-IO-Union IL-Poplar Grove Airport Army Wings and Wheels Info Vintage Wings amp Wheels Museum 815-547middot3115 Tom Murray hiwheelsbcglobalnet

JUNE 14-17-St Louis MO-Dauster Flying Field Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) American Waco Club Flymiddotln Info Phil Coulson 269shy624-6490 or rcoulson516cscom www americanwacoclubcom

JUNE 20-2l--Lock Haven PA-William T Piper Memorial Airport (LHV) Sentimental Journey Fly-In Family oriented fly-in featuring antique and classic aircraft of all makes and models especially PIPERS Seminars vendors food camping and entertainment daily Come for the day or the week Call 570-893-4200 or 748shy5123 for more information j3cubkcnet org wwwsentimentaljourneyfly-incom

JUNE 21-24-Mt Vernon Ohio-Wynkoop Airport (6G4) 48th Annual National Waco Club Reunion Check www nationalwacoclubcom for more information and contact information Or email call Andy Heins 937 313 5931 wacoasoaolcom

JUNE 22-24-Gardner KA-Gardner Municipal Airport (K34) Greater KC VAA Chapter 16 Fly-in Contact Kevin Pratt 816-985-3248

JUNE 23-Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

JUNE 30-Chetek WI-The Chetek WI (Y23) 9AM car show craft fair and show a professional horse pull and a water ski show Plenty of food and drink available throughout the day For more info contact Chuck Harrison 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet or Tim Knutson 715-237shy2477 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

JUNE 31-Russellville KY- Russellville-Logan County Airport (4M7) 9th Annual All You Can Eat BarBQ Lunch 1100am - 200pm Rain Date July 5th Aircraft displays skydiving door prizes Everyone welcome For more information eaal165yahoo com wwwangelfirecom ky3 eaal165 Joe Lawrence 270-726-1558

JULY 4-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-llam For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

JULY 6-8--All iance Oh (2Dl)-Taylorcraft and Ohio Aeronca Aviators Fly-In See the airplanes built in Alliance OH amp Middletown

38 JU N E 2007

OH and the people that built them Camping motels food all day fbarberalliancelinkcom 330823-1168 bwmatzllacyahoocom 216 337-5643 httpwwwoaafy-incom see wwwbarberaircraftcom for airport diagrams Breakfast served Sat amp Sun 7AM to 11AM by EM Chapter 82

JULY 14-Zanesville OH-Parr Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

AUGUST 5-Queen City MO-Applegate Airport (15MO) 20th Annual Watermelon Fly-In amp BBQ 2pm til dark Come and see grass roots aviation at its best Info 660-766-2644

AUGUST S-Chetek WI-Southworth Municipal airport (Y23) BBQ Fly-In 1030am Warbird displays antique and unique airplanes antique amp collector car displays and raffles for airplane rides Procedes will be given to local charities Info Chuck Harrison - Office 715-924shy4501 Cell 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet Tim Knutson - Home 715-237-2477 Cell 651-308-2839 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

AUGUST 17-19--McMinnville OR-25th Annual West Coast Travel Air Reunion Come Celebrate the Rebirth of the Travel Air Expected to be the largest gathering of Vintage Travel Airs in recent times Held in conjunction with the Northwest Antique Airplane Club Event Info Bruce McElhoe 559-638-3746

AUGUST 18--Forest Lake MN-(25D)-Airport Fly-in and Open House lOam - 4pm 24shyhour gas and 24-hour grass 3000-foot 31 13 Forest Lake Lions serve brats corn-ltgtn-the-cob and ice cream 100LL is available John Schmidt EM 250021 St Paul Minnesota 651 776 1717

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AUGUST 2S-Niles MI-Jerry Tyler Memorial Airport (3TR) VAA Chapter 35 Annual Corn amp Sausage Roast Lunch served 1100am

to 300 pm Rain date on Sunday August 26th Donations of $500 for adults and $300 for children under 12 Contact Len Jansen tripacerlenyahoocom

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SEPTEMBER I -Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $2 50 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer Phone (740) 454-7487

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presented by Ecpse ~1aton n 8lt ford otor col1pa y

Page 37: PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATIONmembers.eaavintage.org/wp...Vol-35-No-6-June-2007.pdf · PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION . ... Flightline Safety Committee and their

BY HG FRAUTSCHY

THIS MONTHS MYSTERY PLANE PHOTO IS A BIT OF A MULLIGAN FOR THOSE OF YOU

WHO HAVE ENJOYED L1GHTPLANES FOR A NUMBER OF YEARS STILL NOT MUCH IS PUBLISHED ABOUT THIS RATHER ATTRACTIVE AMPHIBIAN

Send your answer to EAA Vintage Airplane PO Box You can also send your response via e-mail Send 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Your answer needs your answer to mysteryplaneeaaorg Be sure to include to be in no later than July 15 for inclusion in the your name city and state in the body of your note and September 2007 issue of Vintage Airplane put I(Month) Mystery Plane in the subject line

MARCH S MYSTERY ANSWER

36 J UN E 2007

nology olph Dope

Heres a little about the March Mystery Plane

The subject Mystery Plane apshypears to be the Longren NL-13 sin 2 X12538 built in 1932 by Albin K Longren (1882-1950) in Kansas City Missouri Longren had been a design consultant for Butler Manushyfacturing Co during the certificashytion of the Butler Blackhawk and built the NL-13 in the Butler facility with help from Butler employees Butler had ceased production by that time in the depths of the Great Depression The NL-13 had an allshy

wing spars and the fabric wing covshyering The engine was a 120-hp Marshytin 333 inve rted inline with four cylinders The X12538 was the only NL-13 built and was not successful in reaching production although it was an ea rly example of formed alushyminum aircraft structures

My information comes from Aeroshyfilescom and from Chuck (Charles E) Lebrechts fine article entitled AK Longren - Pioneer Airman of the West published in American Aviation Historishycal Society Journal Vol26 No4 Winshyter 1981 pp258-270 Lebrechts article gives a great vjew of Longrens career as an aircraft designer and manufacturer

Jack Erickson State College Pennsylvania Other correct answers were reshy

ceived from WaIt House Wichshyita Kansas George Otto Snook Monroe Michigan John Miller Wamego Kansas Cam Bla ze r Leawood Kansas An extensive arshyticle on the airplane and AK Lonshygren written by Wesley Smith is also included in this issue of Vinshytage Airplane

metal airframe except for wooden 1---------------------------------shy

eners and bulkheads the NL-13 fuselage had a safety factor able to absorb 1683g

ahead of the center of gravity (CG) and 11g aft of the CG

This made the fuselage of the NL-13 considerably stronger than that of the Stearman YBT-3 Boeing P-26A Conshysolidated P-30 and Boeing P-12B with which it was compared the YBT-3 having a maximum g-Ioading potential of 109

both fore and aft of the CG While the reshyport recommended the possible adoption of Longrens construction techniques orshyders for the NL-13 were not forthcoming and no further examples were built

With the demise of Butler Longren went to work for himself using a porshytion of the former Butler factory at the Kansas City Municipal Airport In 1933-34 Longren did the initial metal work on the Luscombe Phantom and developed metal-working techniques with his partner Ivan Driggs Plans for opening another aircraft factory were put on hold when Cessn a reopened their Wichita Kansas facility in 1934 for production of the Cessna C-34 Cessna hired Longren as vjce-president a posishy

tion that he held until 1939 when he moved to Torrance California to open the Longren Aircraft Company

While Longren built no further airshycraft he became a successful subconshytractor of prefabricated components for other aircraft manufacturers After the end of World War II Longren sold his company and retired to a 3OOO-acre ranch at Adin Ca lifornia where he passed away due to a heart condition on Nov 19 1950 at age 68

The defini tive Longren article was written by Mr Charles E Lebrecht and was published in the Winter 1981 edishytion of the American Aviation Historical Society Journal (Volume 26 Number 4 pages 258-270) I am indebted to Mr Lebrechts excellent research for the inshyformation in this piece Further informashytion on AK Longren can be found in the pages of Aviation Quarterly (Mace Kenshyneth D Pioneer Airmen ofKansas Volshyume 5 Number 2 Second Quarter 1979 pages 152-163) Mr Maces article is also quite well-written and contains severshyal beautiful photos of Longrens aircraft as well as the 1908 Call Mayfly

VINTAGE A I RPLANE 37

The fo llowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter of information only and does not constishytute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed To submit an event send the information via mail to Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Or e-mail the information to vintageaircrafteaaorg Information should be received four months prior to the event date

JUNE S-IO-Union IL-Poplar Grove Airport Army Wings and Wheels Info Vintage Wings amp Wheels Museum 815-547middot3115 Tom Murray hiwheelsbcglobalnet

JUNE 14-17-St Louis MO-Dauster Flying Field Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) American Waco Club Flymiddotln Info Phil Coulson 269shy624-6490 or rcoulson516cscom www americanwacoclubcom

JUNE 20-2l--Lock Haven PA-William T Piper Memorial Airport (LHV) Sentimental Journey Fly-In Family oriented fly-in featuring antique and classic aircraft of all makes and models especially PIPERS Seminars vendors food camping and entertainment daily Come for the day or the week Call 570-893-4200 or 748shy5123 for more information j3cubkcnet org wwwsentimentaljourneyfly-incom

JUNE 21-24-Mt Vernon Ohio-Wynkoop Airport (6G4) 48th Annual National Waco Club Reunion Check www nationalwacoclubcom for more information and contact information Or email call Andy Heins 937 313 5931 wacoasoaolcom

JUNE 22-24-Gardner KA-Gardner Municipal Airport (K34) Greater KC VAA Chapter 16 Fly-in Contact Kevin Pratt 816-985-3248

JUNE 23-Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

JUNE 30-Chetek WI-The Chetek WI (Y23) 9AM car show craft fair and show a professional horse pull and a water ski show Plenty of food and drink available throughout the day For more info contact Chuck Harrison 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet or Tim Knutson 715-237shy2477 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

JUNE 31-Russellville KY- Russellville-Logan County Airport (4M7) 9th Annual All You Can Eat BarBQ Lunch 1100am - 200pm Rain Date July 5th Aircraft displays skydiving door prizes Everyone welcome For more information eaal165yahoo com wwwangelfirecom ky3 eaal165 Joe Lawrence 270-726-1558

JULY 4-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-llam For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

JULY 6-8--All iance Oh (2Dl)-Taylorcraft and Ohio Aeronca Aviators Fly-In See the airplanes built in Alliance OH amp Middletown

38 JU N E 2007

OH and the people that built them Camping motels food all day fbarberalliancelinkcom 330823-1168 bwmatzllacyahoocom 216 337-5643 httpwwwoaafy-incom see wwwbarberaircraftcom for airport diagrams Breakfast served Sat amp Sun 7AM to 11AM by EM Chapter 82

JULY 14-Zanesville OH-Parr Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

AUGUST 5-Queen City MO-Applegate Airport (15MO) 20th Annual Watermelon Fly-In amp BBQ 2pm til dark Come and see grass roots aviation at its best Info 660-766-2644

AUGUST S-Chetek WI-Southworth Municipal airport (Y23) BBQ Fly-In 1030am Warbird displays antique and unique airplanes antique amp collector car displays and raffles for airplane rides Procedes will be given to local charities Info Chuck Harrison - Office 715-924shy4501 Cell 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet Tim Knutson - Home 715-237-2477 Cell 651-308-2839 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

AUGUST 17-19--McMinnville OR-25th Annual West Coast Travel Air Reunion Come Celebrate the Rebirth of the Travel Air Expected to be the largest gathering of Vintage Travel Airs in recent times Held in conjunction with the Northwest Antique Airplane Club Event Info Bruce McElhoe 559-638-3746

AUGUST 18--Forest Lake MN-(25D)-Airport Fly-in and Open House lOam - 4pm 24shyhour gas and 24-hour grass 3000-foot 31 13 Forest Lake Lions serve brats corn-ltgtn-the-cob and ice cream 100LL is available John Schmidt EM 250021 St Paul Minnesota 651 776 1717

AUGUST IS-I9-Long Island NY- Bayport (23N) Annual Antique Aeroplane Fly-In Old time movies popcorn pig roast flour bomb drop and spot landing contest with the days ending in the in famous Sheep Shagger Baa For more info wwwAACGNY org or email Stuart Bain at Sbain emediaofny com

AUGUST 19-Brookfield WI-Capitol Airport (02C) Ice Cream Social and vintage Aircraft Display VAA Chapter 11 Dean London 262-442-4622

AUGUST 2S-Niles MI-Jerry Tyler Memorial Airport (3TR) VAA Chapter 35 Annual Corn amp Sausage Roast Lunch served 1100am

to 300 pm Rain date on Sunday August 26th Donations of $500 for adults and $300 for children under 12 Contact Len Jansen tripacerlenyahoocom

SEPTEMBER I -Marion IN-Marion Municipal Airport (MZZ) 17th Annual Fly-In Cruise-In 700am until 200pm This annual event features antique classic homebuilt ultralight and warbird aircraft as well as vintage cars trucks motorcycles and tractors An all-you-can-eat Pancake Breakfast is served with all proceeds going to the local Marion High School Marching Band wwwFlylnCruiselncomlnfo Ray Johnson (765) 664-2588 or rjohnson indyrrcom

SEPTEMBER I -Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $2 50 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer Phone (740) 454-7487

SEPTEMBER 2-Mondovi WI-21st Annual Log Cabin Airport Fly-In Doug Ward Owner Operator 715-287-4205 Lunch noon

SEPTEMBER 8-Newark Ohio-NewarkshyHeath Airport (VTA) Annual Fly-In DriveshyIn Breakfast Pancakes and More Young Eagles Flights Vintage Airplanes Classic Cars Tom McFadden 740-587shy2312 email EAA402adelphianet

SEPTEMBER 9-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-12pm For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

SEPTEMBER 21-22- Bartlesville OK-Frank Phillips Field (BVO) 51st Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-In Antiques Classics Light Sport Warbirds Forum Type Clubs Info Charlie Harris 918-622shy8400 wwwtulsafyincom

OCTOBER 5-7-Camden SC-Kershaw County Airport (KCDN) VAA Chapter 3 Fall Fly-In All classes welcome BBQ on field Fri Evening EAA judging all classes Sat Banquet Sat Nite Info Jim Wilson 843-753-7138 or eiwilson homexpresswaynet

OCTOBER 5-7-St Louis MO-Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) The Monocoupe Club Fly-In amp Reunion wwwmonocoupecom

OCTOBER IO-I4-Tuliahoma TN- Beech Birthday Party 2007 Staggerwing Twin Beech 18 Bonanza Baron Beech ownersamp enthusiasts Info 931shy455-1974

Your One STOP Quality Shop Hook up air hose from your compressor Add Glass Beads or otherabrasiveAim powergun 1-888-388-8803 (included) at part and remove 1-780-447-5955 rust paint and scale

Exhaust Systems FAST WORKS GREAT Abrasive recycles 22d 34w Carb Air Boxes 2012h work area22 ga steel14 Structural Assemblies ga steel legs Requires 7 Clamps amp Hardware cfm 80 psi amp shop Round Engine Exhausts

Engine Mounts Fuel Cells Heaters

All Make amp Models wwwacomweldlngcom

2007 MAJOR FLy-INS

For details on EM Chapter flymiddotins and other local avimiddot ation events visit wwweaaorgjevents

Golden West EAA Regional Ay-In

Yuba County Airport (MYV) Marysville CA

June 29middotJuly 1 2007 wwwGodenWestRynorg

Rocky Mountain EAA Regional AyJn Front Range Airport (FTG) Watkins CO

June 23-24 2007 wwwRMRRorg

Arlington EAA Ay-In

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wwwNWEAAorg

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Something to buy sell or trade Classified Word Ads $550 per 10 words 180 words maximum with boldface

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40 JUNE 2007

-=-_tI 8015 CONCER

~oNO~Y )JY 13

presented by Ecpse ~1aton n 8lt ford otor col1pa y

Page 38: PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATIONmembers.eaavintage.org/wp...Vol-35-No-6-June-2007.pdf · PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION . ... Flightline Safety Committee and their

nology olph Dope

Heres a little about the March Mystery Plane

The subject Mystery Plane apshypears to be the Longren NL-13 sin 2 X12538 built in 1932 by Albin K Longren (1882-1950) in Kansas City Missouri Longren had been a design consultant for Butler Manushyfacturing Co during the certificashytion of the Butler Blackhawk and built the NL-13 in the Butler facility with help from Butler employees Butler had ceased production by that time in the depths of the Great Depression The NL-13 had an allshy

wing spars and the fabric wing covshyering The engine was a 120-hp Marshytin 333 inve rted inline with four cylinders The X12538 was the only NL-13 built and was not successful in reaching production although it was an ea rly example of formed alushyminum aircraft structures

My information comes from Aeroshyfilescom and from Chuck (Charles E) Lebrechts fine article entitled AK Longren - Pioneer Airman of the West published in American Aviation Historishycal Society Journal Vol26 No4 Winshyter 1981 pp258-270 Lebrechts article gives a great vjew of Longrens career as an aircraft designer and manufacturer

Jack Erickson State College Pennsylvania Other correct answers were reshy

ceived from WaIt House Wichshyita Kansas George Otto Snook Monroe Michigan John Miller Wamego Kansas Cam Bla ze r Leawood Kansas An extensive arshyticle on the airplane and AK Lonshygren written by Wesley Smith is also included in this issue of Vinshytage Airplane

metal airframe except for wooden 1---------------------------------shy

eners and bulkheads the NL-13 fuselage had a safety factor able to absorb 1683g

ahead of the center of gravity (CG) and 11g aft of the CG

This made the fuselage of the NL-13 considerably stronger than that of the Stearman YBT-3 Boeing P-26A Conshysolidated P-30 and Boeing P-12B with which it was compared the YBT-3 having a maximum g-Ioading potential of 109

both fore and aft of the CG While the reshyport recommended the possible adoption of Longrens construction techniques orshyders for the NL-13 were not forthcoming and no further examples were built

With the demise of Butler Longren went to work for himself using a porshytion of the former Butler factory at the Kansas City Municipal Airport In 1933-34 Longren did the initial metal work on the Luscombe Phantom and developed metal-working techniques with his partner Ivan Driggs Plans for opening another aircraft factory were put on hold when Cessn a reopened their Wichita Kansas facility in 1934 for production of the Cessna C-34 Cessna hired Longren as vjce-president a posishy

tion that he held until 1939 when he moved to Torrance California to open the Longren Aircraft Company

While Longren built no further airshycraft he became a successful subconshytractor of prefabricated components for other aircraft manufacturers After the end of World War II Longren sold his company and retired to a 3OOO-acre ranch at Adin Ca lifornia where he passed away due to a heart condition on Nov 19 1950 at age 68

The defini tive Longren article was written by Mr Charles E Lebrecht and was published in the Winter 1981 edishytion of the American Aviation Historical Society Journal (Volume 26 Number 4 pages 258-270) I am indebted to Mr Lebrechts excellent research for the inshyformation in this piece Further informashytion on AK Longren can be found in the pages of Aviation Quarterly (Mace Kenshyneth D Pioneer Airmen ofKansas Volshyume 5 Number 2 Second Quarter 1979 pages 152-163) Mr Maces article is also quite well-written and contains severshyal beautiful photos of Longrens aircraft as well as the 1908 Call Mayfly

VINTAGE A I RPLANE 37

The fo llowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter of information only and does not constishytute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed To submit an event send the information via mail to Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Or e-mail the information to vintageaircrafteaaorg Information should be received four months prior to the event date

JUNE S-IO-Union IL-Poplar Grove Airport Army Wings and Wheels Info Vintage Wings amp Wheels Museum 815-547middot3115 Tom Murray hiwheelsbcglobalnet

JUNE 14-17-St Louis MO-Dauster Flying Field Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) American Waco Club Flymiddotln Info Phil Coulson 269shy624-6490 or rcoulson516cscom www americanwacoclubcom

JUNE 20-2l--Lock Haven PA-William T Piper Memorial Airport (LHV) Sentimental Journey Fly-In Family oriented fly-in featuring antique and classic aircraft of all makes and models especially PIPERS Seminars vendors food camping and entertainment daily Come for the day or the week Call 570-893-4200 or 748shy5123 for more information j3cubkcnet org wwwsentimentaljourneyfly-incom

JUNE 21-24-Mt Vernon Ohio-Wynkoop Airport (6G4) 48th Annual National Waco Club Reunion Check www nationalwacoclubcom for more information and contact information Or email call Andy Heins 937 313 5931 wacoasoaolcom

JUNE 22-24-Gardner KA-Gardner Municipal Airport (K34) Greater KC VAA Chapter 16 Fly-in Contact Kevin Pratt 816-985-3248

JUNE 23-Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

JUNE 30-Chetek WI-The Chetek WI (Y23) 9AM car show craft fair and show a professional horse pull and a water ski show Plenty of food and drink available throughout the day For more info contact Chuck Harrison 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet or Tim Knutson 715-237shy2477 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

JUNE 31-Russellville KY- Russellville-Logan County Airport (4M7) 9th Annual All You Can Eat BarBQ Lunch 1100am - 200pm Rain Date July 5th Aircraft displays skydiving door prizes Everyone welcome For more information eaal165yahoo com wwwangelfirecom ky3 eaal165 Joe Lawrence 270-726-1558

JULY 4-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-llam For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

JULY 6-8--All iance Oh (2Dl)-Taylorcraft and Ohio Aeronca Aviators Fly-In See the airplanes built in Alliance OH amp Middletown

38 JU N E 2007

OH and the people that built them Camping motels food all day fbarberalliancelinkcom 330823-1168 bwmatzllacyahoocom 216 337-5643 httpwwwoaafy-incom see wwwbarberaircraftcom for airport diagrams Breakfast served Sat amp Sun 7AM to 11AM by EM Chapter 82

JULY 14-Zanesville OH-Parr Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

AUGUST 5-Queen City MO-Applegate Airport (15MO) 20th Annual Watermelon Fly-In amp BBQ 2pm til dark Come and see grass roots aviation at its best Info 660-766-2644

AUGUST S-Chetek WI-Southworth Municipal airport (Y23) BBQ Fly-In 1030am Warbird displays antique and unique airplanes antique amp collector car displays and raffles for airplane rides Procedes will be given to local charities Info Chuck Harrison - Office 715-924shy4501 Cell 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet Tim Knutson - Home 715-237-2477 Cell 651-308-2839 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

AUGUST 17-19--McMinnville OR-25th Annual West Coast Travel Air Reunion Come Celebrate the Rebirth of the Travel Air Expected to be the largest gathering of Vintage Travel Airs in recent times Held in conjunction with the Northwest Antique Airplane Club Event Info Bruce McElhoe 559-638-3746

AUGUST 18--Forest Lake MN-(25D)-Airport Fly-in and Open House lOam - 4pm 24shyhour gas and 24-hour grass 3000-foot 31 13 Forest Lake Lions serve brats corn-ltgtn-the-cob and ice cream 100LL is available John Schmidt EM 250021 St Paul Minnesota 651 776 1717

AUGUST IS-I9-Long Island NY- Bayport (23N) Annual Antique Aeroplane Fly-In Old time movies popcorn pig roast flour bomb drop and spot landing contest with the days ending in the in famous Sheep Shagger Baa For more info wwwAACGNY org or email Stuart Bain at Sbain emediaofny com

AUGUST 19-Brookfield WI-Capitol Airport (02C) Ice Cream Social and vintage Aircraft Display VAA Chapter 11 Dean London 262-442-4622

AUGUST 2S-Niles MI-Jerry Tyler Memorial Airport (3TR) VAA Chapter 35 Annual Corn amp Sausage Roast Lunch served 1100am

to 300 pm Rain date on Sunday August 26th Donations of $500 for adults and $300 for children under 12 Contact Len Jansen tripacerlenyahoocom

SEPTEMBER I -Marion IN-Marion Municipal Airport (MZZ) 17th Annual Fly-In Cruise-In 700am until 200pm This annual event features antique classic homebuilt ultralight and warbird aircraft as well as vintage cars trucks motorcycles and tractors An all-you-can-eat Pancake Breakfast is served with all proceeds going to the local Marion High School Marching Band wwwFlylnCruiselncomlnfo Ray Johnson (765) 664-2588 or rjohnson indyrrcom

SEPTEMBER I -Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $2 50 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer Phone (740) 454-7487

SEPTEMBER 2-Mondovi WI-21st Annual Log Cabin Airport Fly-In Doug Ward Owner Operator 715-287-4205 Lunch noon

SEPTEMBER 8-Newark Ohio-NewarkshyHeath Airport (VTA) Annual Fly-In DriveshyIn Breakfast Pancakes and More Young Eagles Flights Vintage Airplanes Classic Cars Tom McFadden 740-587shy2312 email EAA402adelphianet

SEPTEMBER 9-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-12pm For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

SEPTEMBER 21-22- Bartlesville OK-Frank Phillips Field (BVO) 51st Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-In Antiques Classics Light Sport Warbirds Forum Type Clubs Info Charlie Harris 918-622shy8400 wwwtulsafyincom

OCTOBER 5-7-Camden SC-Kershaw County Airport (KCDN) VAA Chapter 3 Fall Fly-In All classes welcome BBQ on field Fri Evening EAA judging all classes Sat Banquet Sat Nite Info Jim Wilson 843-753-7138 or eiwilson homexpresswaynet

OCTOBER 5-7-St Louis MO-Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) The Monocoupe Club Fly-In amp Reunion wwwmonocoupecom

OCTOBER IO-I4-Tuliahoma TN- Beech Birthday Party 2007 Staggerwing Twin Beech 18 Bonanza Baron Beech ownersamp enthusiasts Info 931shy455-1974

Your One STOP Quality Shop Hook up air hose from your compressor Add Glass Beads or otherabrasiveAim powergun 1-888-388-8803 (included) at part and remove 1-780-447-5955 rust paint and scale

Exhaust Systems FAST WORKS GREAT Abrasive recycles 22d 34w Carb Air Boxes 2012h work area22 ga steel14 Structural Assemblies ga steel legs Requires 7 Clamps amp Hardware cfm 80 psi amp shop Round Engine Exhausts

Engine Mounts Fuel Cells Heaters

All Make amp Models wwwacomweldlngcom

2007 MAJOR FLy-INS

For details on EM Chapter flymiddotins and other local avimiddot ation events visit wwweaaorgjevents

Golden West EAA Regional Ay-In

Yuba County Airport (MYV) Marysville CA

June 29middotJuly 1 2007 wwwGodenWestRynorg

Rocky Mountain EAA Regional AyJn Front Range Airport (FTG) Watkins CO

June 23-24 2007 wwwRMRRorg

Arlington EAA Ay-In

Arlington Municipal Airport (AWO) Arlington WA July 11-15 2007

wwwNWEAAorg

EAA AlrVenture Oshkosh

Something to buy sell or trade Classified Word Ads $550 per 10 words 180 words maximum with boldface

lead-in on first line

Classified Display Ads One column wide (2167 inches) by 1 2 or 3 inches

high at $20 per inch Black and white only and no frequency discounts

Advertising Closing Dates 10th of second month prior to desired issue date

(ie January 10 is the closing date for the March issue) VAA reserves the right

to reject any advertising in conflict with its policies Rates cover one insertion per

issue Classified ads are not accepted via phone Payment must accompany order

Word ads may be sent via fax (920-426-4828) or e-mail (cassadseaaorg) using

credit card payment (all cards accepted) Include name on card complete address

type of card card number and expiration date Make checks payable to EAA

Address advertising correspondence to EAA Publications Classified Ad Manager

PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086

MISCELLANEOUS BABBITT BEARING SERVICE - rod

Wittman Regional Airport (OSH) Oshkosh WI July 23-29 2007 wwwAirVentureorg

EAA Mld-Eastem Regional Ay-In Mansfield Lahm Airport Mansfield OH August 25-26 2007

httpMERR info

Virginia Regional EAA Ay-In

Dinwiddie County Airport (PTB) Petersburg VA October 6-7 2007 wwwVAEAAorg

EAA Southeast Regional Ay-In Middleton Field Airport (GZH) Evergreen AL October 12-14 2007 wwwSERRorg

Copperstate Regional EAA AyJn Casa Grande (Arizona) Municipal Airport (CGZ)

October 25-28 2007 wwwcopperstateorg

Airplane T-Shirts

150 Different Airplanes Available

WE PROBABLY HAVE

YOUR AIRPLANE

wwwairplanetshirtscom 1-800-645-7739

Flying wires available 1994 pricing

Visit www_fyingwirescom or call

800-517-9278

THERES JUST NOTHING LIKE IT

ON THE WEB

wwwaviation-giftshopcom A Website with the Pilot in Mind

(and those who love airplanes)

CUSTOM PRINTED T-SHIRTS for your

flying club flight shop museum Free

samples Call 1-800-645-7739 or 1shy

828-654-9711

bearingsmain bearings bushings master

rods valves piston rings Call us Toll

Free 1-800-233-6934 e-mail ramremfg aocom Website wwwramenginecom VINTAGE ENGINE MACHINE WORKS

N 604 FREYA ST SPOKANE WA 99202

Aircraft Construction and Restoration

Russ Lassetter Cleveland GA 706shy

348-7514

SERVICES

Always Flying Aircraft Restoration LLC

AampP IA Annual 100 hr inspections

Wayne Forshey 740-472-1481

Ohio - statewide

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 39

VINTAGE AIRCRAFT

ASSOCIATION OFFICERS

President VicemiddotPres ident Geoff Robison George Daubner

152 1 E MacG regor Dr 2448 Lough Lane New Haven IN 46774 Hartford WI 53027

260middot493middot4724 262middot673middot5885 cllie702Saolcom vaa1yboymsllcom

Secretary Treasurer Steve Nesse Charles W Harris

2009 Highland Ave 72 15 East 46th Sl Albert Lea M 56007 Tulsa OK 74 147

507middot373middot1674 9 18middot622middot8400 stnesdeskmediacom (whhvsucom

DIRECTORS Steve Bender

85 Brush Hill Road Sherborn MA 01770

508middot653middot7557 sst 10com cas t llet

David Bennett 375 Ki lldeer Ct

Lincoln CA 95648 916middot645middot8370

alltiqllerillrmchcom

John Berendt 7645 Echo Point Rd

Cannon Fall s M N 55009 507middot263middot24 14

mjb(cIJldrcOfl l l(xtcollJ

Dave Clark 635 Vestal Lane

Plainfield IN 46168 3 17 middot839middot4500

dalecpdiquestet

John S Copeland 1 A Deacon St reet

Northborough MA 0 I 532 508middot393middot4775

copeiomll ullOCOlll

Phil Coulson 284 15 Springbrook Dr

Lawton M I 49065 269middot624middot6490

rcollisOfIS16cscom

Dale A Gustafson 7724 Shady Hills Dr

Indianapolis IN 46278 3 17middot293middot4430

daieayemsllcom

Jeannie Hill PO Box 328

Harvard IL 60033middot0328 815middot943middot7205

dillghacMvwcl1tt

Espie Butch Joyce 704 N Regional Rd

Greensboro NC 27409 336middot668middot3650

willdsockaolcom

Steve Keog 1002 Heather Ln

Hartfo rd WI 53027 262middot966middot7 627

sskroS(loicom

Robert D Bob Lumley 1265 South 124th Sl Brookfield WI 53005

262middot782middot2633 illmperextcpccom

Gene Morris 5936 Steve Court

Roanoke TX 76262 8 17middot49 1middot9 1 IO

genenorrisClwrterl1et

Dean Richardson 1429 Kings Lynn Rd

Stoughton W I 53589 608middot877middot8485

darapriairecolf1

SH aWes Schmid 2359 Lefeber AVenue

Wauwatosa WI 532 13 414middot77 1middot 1545

shscfIdlflwpccofI

DIRECTORS EMERITUS

Gene Chase EE Buck Hilbert 2 159 Cariton Rd 8102 Leech Rd

Oshkosh WI 54904 Union IL 60 180 920middot23 1middot5002 8 15middot923middot4591

GRCHACilarterl1et )lIck7clc(iigtdlsnet

Ronald C Fritz 15401 Sparta Ave

Kent City MI 49J30 616middot678middot5012

rFrilzpa thwaYlletco11l

Membershi~ Services Directory ENJOY THE MANY BENEFITS OF EAA AND ~ EAAs VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION

EAA Aviation Center PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Phone (920) 426-4800 Fax (920) 426-4873

Web Sites wwwvintageaircratorg wwwairventllreorg wwweaaorgmemberbene(its E-Mail vintageaircrateaaorg

EAA and Division Membership Services 800-843-3612 FAX 920-426-6761 (800 AM-700 PM Monday-Friday CST)

-Newrenew memberships EAA Divisions (Vintage Aircraft Association lAC Warbirds) National Association of Flight Instructors (NAFI)

-Address changes -Merchandise sales -Gift memberships

Programs and Activities EAA AirVenture Fax-On-Demand Directory 732-885-6711 Auto Fuel STCs 920-426-4843 Buildrestore information 920-426-4821 Chapters locatingorganizing 920-426-4876 Education 888-322-3229

- EAA Air Academy - EAA Scholarships

Flight Advisors information 920-426-6864 Flight Instructor information 920-426-6801

Flying Start Program 920-426-6847 Library ServicesResearch 920-426-4848 Medical Questions 920-426-6112 Technical Counselors 920-426-6864 Young Eagles 877-806-8902

Benefits AUA Vintage Insurance Plan 800-727-3823 EAA Aircraft Insurance Plan 866-647-4322 Term Life and Accidental 800-241-6103 Death Insurance (Harvey Watt amp Company) EAA Platinum VISA Card 800-853-5576 ext 8884 EAA Aircraft Financing Plan 866-808-6040 EAA Enterprise Rent-A-Car Program 877-GA1-ERAC Editorial 920-426-4825 VAA Office FAX 920-426-6865

EAA Aviation Foundation Artifact Donations 920-426-4877 Financial Support 800-236-1025

MEMBERSHIP INFORMATION EAA

Membership in the Experimental Aircraft ASSOCiation Inc is $40 for one year includshying 12 issues of SPORT AVIATION Family membership is an additional $10 annually Junior Membership (under 19 years of age) is available at $23 annually All major credit cards accepted for membership (Add $16 for Foreign Postage)

EAA SPORT PILOT Current EAA members may add EAA

SPORT PILOT magaZine for an additional $20 per year

EAA Membership and EAA SPORT PILOT magazine is available for $40 per year (SPORT AVIATION magaZine not inshycluded) (Add $16 for Foreign Postage)

VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION Current EAA members may join the

Vintage Aircraft Association and receive VINTAGE AIRPLANE magazine for an adshyditional $36 per year

EAA Membership VINTAGE AIRPLANE magazine and one year membership in the EAA Vintage Aircraft Association is available for $46 per year (SPORT AVIATION magazine not inshycluded) (Add $7 for Foreign Postage)

lAC Current EAA members may join the

International Aerobatic Club Inc Divishysion and receive SPORT AEROBATICS magazine for an additional $45 per year

EAA Membership SPORT AEROBATshyICS magaZine and one year membership in the lAC Division is available for $55 per year (SPORT AVIATION magazine not included) (Add $18 for Foreign Postage_)

WARBIRDS Current EAA members may join the EAA

Warbirds of America Division and receive WARBIRDS magazine for an additional $45 per year

EAA Membership WARBIRDS magashyz ine and one year membership in the Warbirds Division is available for $55 per year (SPORT AVIATION magaZine not inshycluded) (Add $7 for Foreign Postage)

FOREIGN MEMBERSHIPS Please submit your remittance with a

check or draft drawn on a United States bank payable in United States dollars Add required Foreign Postage amount for each membership

Membership dues to EM and its divisions are not tax deductible as charitable contributions

Copyright mOO7 by the EM Vintage Aircraft Associalion All rights reseVed VI NTAGE AIRPLANE (USPS 062middot750 ISSN 0091-6943) is published and owned exclusively by the EM Vintage Aircraft Association of the Experimental Aircraft Association and is published monthly at EM Aviamiddot

tion Center 3000 Poberezny Rd PO Box 3086 Oshkosh Wisconsin 54903-3086 e-mail vintageaircrafteaaorg Membership to Vintage Aircraft Association WhiCh inch des 12 iss PS of jotage Ajcp1ane magazine

is $36 per year for EM members and $46 for nonmiddotEM members Pefiodicals Postage paid at Oshkosh Wisconsin 54901 and at add~ional mailing offices POSTMASTER Send address changes to Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903middot3088 PM 40032445 Return undeliverable Canadian addresses to World Distribution Services Station A PO Box 54 Windsor ON N9A 6J5 e-mai cpcretumsWdsmailcom FORmiddot EIGN AND APO ADDRESSES - Please allow at least two months for delivery of VINTAGE AIRPLANE to foreign and APO addresses via surtace mail ADVERTISING - Vintage Aircraft Association does not guarantee or endorse any proouct offered through the advertising We invite constructive criticism and wekome any report of inferior merchandise obtained through our advertiSing so that corrective measures can be taken

EDITORIAL POLICY Members are encouraged to submrt slories and photographs Policy opinions expressed in artiCles are solely those of the authors Responsibility for accuracy in reporting rests entirely with the contributor No remuneration is made Material should be sent to Editor VINTAGE AIRPLANE PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903middot3086 Phone 920middot426-4800

EMreg and EM SPORT AVIATIONreg the EM Logoreg and Aeronautica are registered trademarks trademarks and senlice marks of the Experimental Aircraft Association Inc The use of these trademarks and service marks without the permission of the Experimental Aircraft Association Inc is strictly prohibited

40 JUNE 2007

-=-_tI 8015 CONCER

~oNO~Y )JY 13

presented by Ecpse ~1aton n 8lt ford otor col1pa y

Page 39: PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATIONmembers.eaavintage.org/wp...Vol-35-No-6-June-2007.pdf · PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION . ... Flightline Safety Committee and their

The fo llowing list ofcoming events is furnished to our readers as a matter of information only and does not constishytute approval sponsorship involvement control or direction ofany event (fly-in seminars fly market etc) listed To submit an event send the information via mail to Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903shy3086 Or e-mail the information to vintageaircrafteaaorg Information should be received four months prior to the event date

JUNE S-IO-Union IL-Poplar Grove Airport Army Wings and Wheels Info Vintage Wings amp Wheels Museum 815-547middot3115 Tom Murray hiwheelsbcglobalnet

JUNE 14-17-St Louis MO-Dauster Flying Field Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) American Waco Club Flymiddotln Info Phil Coulson 269shy624-6490 or rcoulson516cscom www americanwacoclubcom

JUNE 20-2l--Lock Haven PA-William T Piper Memorial Airport (LHV) Sentimental Journey Fly-In Family oriented fly-in featuring antique and classic aircraft of all makes and models especially PIPERS Seminars vendors food camping and entertainment daily Come for the day or the week Call 570-893-4200 or 748shy5123 for more information j3cubkcnet org wwwsentimentaljourneyfly-incom

JUNE 21-24-Mt Vernon Ohio-Wynkoop Airport (6G4) 48th Annual National Waco Club Reunion Check www nationalwacoclubcom for more information and contact information Or email call Andy Heins 937 313 5931 wacoasoaolcom

JUNE 22-24-Gardner KA-Gardner Municipal Airport (K34) Greater KC VAA Chapter 16 Fly-in Contact Kevin Pratt 816-985-3248

JUNE 23-Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

JUNE 30-Chetek WI-The Chetek WI (Y23) 9AM car show craft fair and show a professional horse pull and a water ski show Plenty of food and drink available throughout the day For more info contact Chuck Harrison 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet or Tim Knutson 715-237shy2477 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

JUNE 31-Russellville KY- Russellville-Logan County Airport (4M7) 9th Annual All You Can Eat BarBQ Lunch 1100am - 200pm Rain Date July 5th Aircraft displays skydiving door prizes Everyone welcome For more information eaal165yahoo com wwwangelfirecom ky3 eaal165 Joe Lawrence 270-726-1558

JULY 4-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-llam For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

JULY 6-8--All iance Oh (2Dl)-Taylorcraft and Ohio Aeronca Aviators Fly-In See the airplanes built in Alliance OH amp Middletown

38 JU N E 2007

OH and the people that built them Camping motels food all day fbarberalliancelinkcom 330823-1168 bwmatzllacyahoocom 216 337-5643 httpwwwoaafy-incom see wwwbarberaircraftcom for airport diagrams Breakfast served Sat amp Sun 7AM to 11AM by EM Chapter 82

JULY 14-Zanesville OH-Parr Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $250 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer (740) 454-7487

AUGUST 5-Queen City MO-Applegate Airport (15MO) 20th Annual Watermelon Fly-In amp BBQ 2pm til dark Come and see grass roots aviation at its best Info 660-766-2644

AUGUST S-Chetek WI-Southworth Municipal airport (Y23) BBQ Fly-In 1030am Warbird displays antique and unique airplanes antique amp collector car displays and raffles for airplane rides Procedes will be given to local charities Info Chuck Harrison - Office 715-924shy4501 Cell 715-456-8415 fixdent chibardunnet Tim Knutson - Home 715-237-2477 Cell 651-308-2839 n3nknutcitizens-telnet

AUGUST 17-19--McMinnville OR-25th Annual West Coast Travel Air Reunion Come Celebrate the Rebirth of the Travel Air Expected to be the largest gathering of Vintage Travel Airs in recent times Held in conjunction with the Northwest Antique Airplane Club Event Info Bruce McElhoe 559-638-3746

AUGUST 18--Forest Lake MN-(25D)-Airport Fly-in and Open House lOam - 4pm 24shyhour gas and 24-hour grass 3000-foot 31 13 Forest Lake Lions serve brats corn-ltgtn-the-cob and ice cream 100LL is available John Schmidt EM 250021 St Paul Minnesota 651 776 1717

AUGUST IS-I9-Long Island NY- Bayport (23N) Annual Antique Aeroplane Fly-In Old time movies popcorn pig roast flour bomb drop and spot landing contest with the days ending in the in famous Sheep Shagger Baa For more info wwwAACGNY org or email Stuart Bain at Sbain emediaofny com

AUGUST 19-Brookfield WI-Capitol Airport (02C) Ice Cream Social and vintage Aircraft Display VAA Chapter 11 Dean London 262-442-4622

AUGUST 2S-Niles MI-Jerry Tyler Memorial Airport (3TR) VAA Chapter 35 Annual Corn amp Sausage Roast Lunch served 1100am

to 300 pm Rain date on Sunday August 26th Donations of $500 for adults and $300 for children under 12 Contact Len Jansen tripacerlenyahoocom

SEPTEMBER I -Marion IN-Marion Municipal Airport (MZZ) 17th Annual Fly-In Cruise-In 700am until 200pm This annual event features antique classic homebuilt ultralight and warbird aircraft as well as vintage cars trucks motorcycles and tractors An all-you-can-eat Pancake Breakfast is served with all proceeds going to the local Marion High School Marching Band wwwFlylnCruiselncomlnfo Ray Johnson (765) 664-2588 or rjohnson indyrrcom

SEPTEMBER I -Zanesville OH-Riverside Airport (OH36) EM Chapter 425 Pancake Breakfast 800 AM till 200 PM All you can eat pancakes sausage and drink $500 for adults $2 50 for children under six Lunch items served after 1100PM Contact Chuck Bruckelmeyer Phone (740) 454-7487

SEPTEMBER 2-Mondovi WI-21st Annual Log Cabin Airport Fly-In Doug Ward Owner Operator 715-287-4205 Lunch noon

SEPTEMBER 8-Newark Ohio-NewarkshyHeath Airport (VTA) Annual Fly-In DriveshyIn Breakfast Pancakes and More Young Eagles Flights Vintage Airplanes Classic Cars Tom McFadden 740-587shy2312 email EAA402adelphianet

SEPTEMBER 9-Mt Morris IL-Ogle County Airport (C55) EM Chapter 682 Fly-In Breakfast 7am-12pm For information call Dr Glen Orr 815-735-7268

SEPTEMBER 21-22- Bartlesville OK-Frank Phillips Field (BVO) 51st Annual Tulsa Regional Fly-In Antiques Classics Light Sport Warbirds Forum Type Clubs Info Charlie Harris 918-622shy8400 wwwtulsafyincom

OCTOBER 5-7-Camden SC-Kershaw County Airport (KCDN) VAA Chapter 3 Fall Fly-In All classes welcome BBQ on field Fri Evening EAA judging all classes Sat Banquet Sat Nite Info Jim Wilson 843-753-7138 or eiwilson homexpresswaynet

OCTOBER 5-7-St Louis MO-Creve Coeur Airport (lHO) The Monocoupe Club Fly-In amp Reunion wwwmonocoupecom

OCTOBER IO-I4-Tuliahoma TN- Beech Birthday Party 2007 Staggerwing Twin Beech 18 Bonanza Baron Beech ownersamp enthusiasts Info 931shy455-1974

Your One STOP Quality Shop Hook up air hose from your compressor Add Glass Beads or otherabrasiveAim powergun 1-888-388-8803 (included) at part and remove 1-780-447-5955 rust paint and scale

Exhaust Systems FAST WORKS GREAT Abrasive recycles 22d 34w Carb Air Boxes 2012h work area22 ga steel14 Structural Assemblies ga steel legs Requires 7 Clamps amp Hardware cfm 80 psi amp shop Round Engine Exhausts

Engine Mounts Fuel Cells Heaters

All Make amp Models wwwacomweldlngcom

2007 MAJOR FLy-INS

For details on EM Chapter flymiddotins and other local avimiddot ation events visit wwweaaorgjevents

Golden West EAA Regional Ay-In

Yuba County Airport (MYV) Marysville CA

June 29middotJuly 1 2007 wwwGodenWestRynorg

Rocky Mountain EAA Regional AyJn Front Range Airport (FTG) Watkins CO

June 23-24 2007 wwwRMRRorg

Arlington EAA Ay-In

Arlington Municipal Airport (AWO) Arlington WA July 11-15 2007

wwwNWEAAorg

EAA AlrVenture Oshkosh

Something to buy sell or trade Classified Word Ads $550 per 10 words 180 words maximum with boldface

lead-in on first line

Classified Display Ads One column wide (2167 inches) by 1 2 or 3 inches

high at $20 per inch Black and white only and no frequency discounts

Advertising Closing Dates 10th of second month prior to desired issue date

(ie January 10 is the closing date for the March issue) VAA reserves the right

to reject any advertising in conflict with its policies Rates cover one insertion per

issue Classified ads are not accepted via phone Payment must accompany order

Word ads may be sent via fax (920-426-4828) or e-mail (cassadseaaorg) using

credit card payment (all cards accepted) Include name on card complete address

type of card card number and expiration date Make checks payable to EAA

Address advertising correspondence to EAA Publications Classified Ad Manager

PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086

MISCELLANEOUS BABBITT BEARING SERVICE - rod

Wittman Regional Airport (OSH) Oshkosh WI July 23-29 2007 wwwAirVentureorg

EAA Mld-Eastem Regional Ay-In Mansfield Lahm Airport Mansfield OH August 25-26 2007

httpMERR info

Virginia Regional EAA Ay-In

Dinwiddie County Airport (PTB) Petersburg VA October 6-7 2007 wwwVAEAAorg

EAA Southeast Regional Ay-In Middleton Field Airport (GZH) Evergreen AL October 12-14 2007 wwwSERRorg

Copperstate Regional EAA AyJn Casa Grande (Arizona) Municipal Airport (CGZ)

October 25-28 2007 wwwcopperstateorg

Airplane T-Shirts

150 Different Airplanes Available

WE PROBABLY HAVE

YOUR AIRPLANE

wwwairplanetshirtscom 1-800-645-7739

Flying wires available 1994 pricing

Visit www_fyingwirescom or call

800-517-9278

THERES JUST NOTHING LIKE IT

ON THE WEB

wwwaviation-giftshopcom A Website with the Pilot in Mind

(and those who love airplanes)

CUSTOM PRINTED T-SHIRTS for your

flying club flight shop museum Free

samples Call 1-800-645-7739 or 1shy

828-654-9711

bearingsmain bearings bushings master

rods valves piston rings Call us Toll

Free 1-800-233-6934 e-mail ramremfg aocom Website wwwramenginecom VINTAGE ENGINE MACHINE WORKS

N 604 FREYA ST SPOKANE WA 99202

Aircraft Construction and Restoration

Russ Lassetter Cleveland GA 706shy

348-7514

SERVICES

Always Flying Aircraft Restoration LLC

AampP IA Annual 100 hr inspections

Wayne Forshey 740-472-1481

Ohio - statewide

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 39

VINTAGE AIRCRAFT

ASSOCIATION OFFICERS

President VicemiddotPres ident Geoff Robison George Daubner

152 1 E MacG regor Dr 2448 Lough Lane New Haven IN 46774 Hartford WI 53027

260middot493middot4724 262middot673middot5885 cllie702Saolcom vaa1yboymsllcom

Secretary Treasurer Steve Nesse Charles W Harris

2009 Highland Ave 72 15 East 46th Sl Albert Lea M 56007 Tulsa OK 74 147

507middot373middot1674 9 18middot622middot8400 stnesdeskmediacom (whhvsucom

DIRECTORS Steve Bender

85 Brush Hill Road Sherborn MA 01770

508middot653middot7557 sst 10com cas t llet

David Bennett 375 Ki lldeer Ct

Lincoln CA 95648 916middot645middot8370

alltiqllerillrmchcom

John Berendt 7645 Echo Point Rd

Cannon Fall s M N 55009 507middot263middot24 14

mjb(cIJldrcOfl l l(xtcollJ

Dave Clark 635 Vestal Lane

Plainfield IN 46168 3 17 middot839middot4500

dalecpdiquestet

John S Copeland 1 A Deacon St reet

Northborough MA 0 I 532 508middot393middot4775

copeiomll ullOCOlll

Phil Coulson 284 15 Springbrook Dr

Lawton M I 49065 269middot624middot6490

rcollisOfIS16cscom

Dale A Gustafson 7724 Shady Hills Dr

Indianapolis IN 46278 3 17middot293middot4430

daieayemsllcom

Jeannie Hill PO Box 328

Harvard IL 60033middot0328 815middot943middot7205

dillghacMvwcl1tt

Espie Butch Joyce 704 N Regional Rd

Greensboro NC 27409 336middot668middot3650

willdsockaolcom

Steve Keog 1002 Heather Ln

Hartfo rd WI 53027 262middot966middot7 627

sskroS(loicom

Robert D Bob Lumley 1265 South 124th Sl Brookfield WI 53005

262middot782middot2633 illmperextcpccom

Gene Morris 5936 Steve Court

Roanoke TX 76262 8 17middot49 1middot9 1 IO

genenorrisClwrterl1et

Dean Richardson 1429 Kings Lynn Rd

Stoughton W I 53589 608middot877middot8485

darapriairecolf1

SH aWes Schmid 2359 Lefeber AVenue

Wauwatosa WI 532 13 414middot77 1middot 1545

shscfIdlflwpccofI

DIRECTORS EMERITUS

Gene Chase EE Buck Hilbert 2 159 Cariton Rd 8102 Leech Rd

Oshkosh WI 54904 Union IL 60 180 920middot23 1middot5002 8 15middot923middot4591

GRCHACilarterl1et )lIck7clc(iigtdlsnet

Ronald C Fritz 15401 Sparta Ave

Kent City MI 49J30 616middot678middot5012

rFrilzpa thwaYlletco11l

Membershi~ Services Directory ENJOY THE MANY BENEFITS OF EAA AND ~ EAAs VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION

EAA Aviation Center PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Phone (920) 426-4800 Fax (920) 426-4873

Web Sites wwwvintageaircratorg wwwairventllreorg wwweaaorgmemberbene(its E-Mail vintageaircrateaaorg

EAA and Division Membership Services 800-843-3612 FAX 920-426-6761 (800 AM-700 PM Monday-Friday CST)

-Newrenew memberships EAA Divisions (Vintage Aircraft Association lAC Warbirds) National Association of Flight Instructors (NAFI)

-Address changes -Merchandise sales -Gift memberships

Programs and Activities EAA AirVenture Fax-On-Demand Directory 732-885-6711 Auto Fuel STCs 920-426-4843 Buildrestore information 920-426-4821 Chapters locatingorganizing 920-426-4876 Education 888-322-3229

- EAA Air Academy - EAA Scholarships

Flight Advisors information 920-426-6864 Flight Instructor information 920-426-6801

Flying Start Program 920-426-6847 Library ServicesResearch 920-426-4848 Medical Questions 920-426-6112 Technical Counselors 920-426-6864 Young Eagles 877-806-8902

Benefits AUA Vintage Insurance Plan 800-727-3823 EAA Aircraft Insurance Plan 866-647-4322 Term Life and Accidental 800-241-6103 Death Insurance (Harvey Watt amp Company) EAA Platinum VISA Card 800-853-5576 ext 8884 EAA Aircraft Financing Plan 866-808-6040 EAA Enterprise Rent-A-Car Program 877-GA1-ERAC Editorial 920-426-4825 VAA Office FAX 920-426-6865

EAA Aviation Foundation Artifact Donations 920-426-4877 Financial Support 800-236-1025

MEMBERSHIP INFORMATION EAA

Membership in the Experimental Aircraft ASSOCiation Inc is $40 for one year includshying 12 issues of SPORT AVIATION Family membership is an additional $10 annually Junior Membership (under 19 years of age) is available at $23 annually All major credit cards accepted for membership (Add $16 for Foreign Postage)

EAA SPORT PILOT Current EAA members may add EAA

SPORT PILOT magaZine for an additional $20 per year

EAA Membership and EAA SPORT PILOT magazine is available for $40 per year (SPORT AVIATION magaZine not inshycluded) (Add $16 for Foreign Postage)

VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION Current EAA members may join the

Vintage Aircraft Association and receive VINTAGE AIRPLANE magazine for an adshyditional $36 per year

EAA Membership VINTAGE AIRPLANE magazine and one year membership in the EAA Vintage Aircraft Association is available for $46 per year (SPORT AVIATION magazine not inshycluded) (Add $7 for Foreign Postage)

lAC Current EAA members may join the

International Aerobatic Club Inc Divishysion and receive SPORT AEROBATICS magazine for an additional $45 per year

EAA Membership SPORT AEROBATshyICS magaZine and one year membership in the lAC Division is available for $55 per year (SPORT AVIATION magazine not included) (Add $18 for Foreign Postage_)

WARBIRDS Current EAA members may join the EAA

Warbirds of America Division and receive WARBIRDS magazine for an additional $45 per year

EAA Membership WARBIRDS magashyz ine and one year membership in the Warbirds Division is available for $55 per year (SPORT AVIATION magaZine not inshycluded) (Add $7 for Foreign Postage)

FOREIGN MEMBERSHIPS Please submit your remittance with a

check or draft drawn on a United States bank payable in United States dollars Add required Foreign Postage amount for each membership

Membership dues to EM and its divisions are not tax deductible as charitable contributions

Copyright mOO7 by the EM Vintage Aircraft Associalion All rights reseVed VI NTAGE AIRPLANE (USPS 062middot750 ISSN 0091-6943) is published and owned exclusively by the EM Vintage Aircraft Association of the Experimental Aircraft Association and is published monthly at EM Aviamiddot

tion Center 3000 Poberezny Rd PO Box 3086 Oshkosh Wisconsin 54903-3086 e-mail vintageaircrafteaaorg Membership to Vintage Aircraft Association WhiCh inch des 12 iss PS of jotage Ajcp1ane magazine

is $36 per year for EM members and $46 for nonmiddotEM members Pefiodicals Postage paid at Oshkosh Wisconsin 54901 and at add~ional mailing offices POSTMASTER Send address changes to Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903middot3088 PM 40032445 Return undeliverable Canadian addresses to World Distribution Services Station A PO Box 54 Windsor ON N9A 6J5 e-mai cpcretumsWdsmailcom FORmiddot EIGN AND APO ADDRESSES - Please allow at least two months for delivery of VINTAGE AIRPLANE to foreign and APO addresses via surtace mail ADVERTISING - Vintage Aircraft Association does not guarantee or endorse any proouct offered through the advertising We invite constructive criticism and wekome any report of inferior merchandise obtained through our advertiSing so that corrective measures can be taken

EDITORIAL POLICY Members are encouraged to submrt slories and photographs Policy opinions expressed in artiCles are solely those of the authors Responsibility for accuracy in reporting rests entirely with the contributor No remuneration is made Material should be sent to Editor VINTAGE AIRPLANE PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903middot3086 Phone 920middot426-4800

EMreg and EM SPORT AVIATIONreg the EM Logoreg and Aeronautica are registered trademarks trademarks and senlice marks of the Experimental Aircraft Association Inc The use of these trademarks and service marks without the permission of the Experimental Aircraft Association Inc is strictly prohibited

40 JUNE 2007

-=-_tI 8015 CONCER

~oNO~Y )JY 13

presented by Ecpse ~1aton n 8lt ford otor col1pa y

Page 40: PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATIONmembers.eaavintage.org/wp...Vol-35-No-6-June-2007.pdf · PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION . ... Flightline Safety Committee and their

Your One STOP Quality Shop Hook up air hose from your compressor Add Glass Beads or otherabrasiveAim powergun 1-888-388-8803 (included) at part and remove 1-780-447-5955 rust paint and scale

Exhaust Systems FAST WORKS GREAT Abrasive recycles 22d 34w Carb Air Boxes 2012h work area22 ga steel14 Structural Assemblies ga steel legs Requires 7 Clamps amp Hardware cfm 80 psi amp shop Round Engine Exhausts

Engine Mounts Fuel Cells Heaters

All Make amp Models wwwacomweldlngcom

2007 MAJOR FLy-INS

For details on EM Chapter flymiddotins and other local avimiddot ation events visit wwweaaorgjevents

Golden West EAA Regional Ay-In

Yuba County Airport (MYV) Marysville CA

June 29middotJuly 1 2007 wwwGodenWestRynorg

Rocky Mountain EAA Regional AyJn Front Range Airport (FTG) Watkins CO

June 23-24 2007 wwwRMRRorg

Arlington EAA Ay-In

Arlington Municipal Airport (AWO) Arlington WA July 11-15 2007

wwwNWEAAorg

EAA AlrVenture Oshkosh

Something to buy sell or trade Classified Word Ads $550 per 10 words 180 words maximum with boldface

lead-in on first line

Classified Display Ads One column wide (2167 inches) by 1 2 or 3 inches

high at $20 per inch Black and white only and no frequency discounts

Advertising Closing Dates 10th of second month prior to desired issue date

(ie January 10 is the closing date for the March issue) VAA reserves the right

to reject any advertising in conflict with its policies Rates cover one insertion per

issue Classified ads are not accepted via phone Payment must accompany order

Word ads may be sent via fax (920-426-4828) or e-mail (cassadseaaorg) using

credit card payment (all cards accepted) Include name on card complete address

type of card card number and expiration date Make checks payable to EAA

Address advertising correspondence to EAA Publications Classified Ad Manager

PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086

MISCELLANEOUS BABBITT BEARING SERVICE - rod

Wittman Regional Airport (OSH) Oshkosh WI July 23-29 2007 wwwAirVentureorg

EAA Mld-Eastem Regional Ay-In Mansfield Lahm Airport Mansfield OH August 25-26 2007

httpMERR info

Virginia Regional EAA Ay-In

Dinwiddie County Airport (PTB) Petersburg VA October 6-7 2007 wwwVAEAAorg

EAA Southeast Regional Ay-In Middleton Field Airport (GZH) Evergreen AL October 12-14 2007 wwwSERRorg

Copperstate Regional EAA AyJn Casa Grande (Arizona) Municipal Airport (CGZ)

October 25-28 2007 wwwcopperstateorg

Airplane T-Shirts

150 Different Airplanes Available

WE PROBABLY HAVE

YOUR AIRPLANE

wwwairplanetshirtscom 1-800-645-7739

Flying wires available 1994 pricing

Visit www_fyingwirescom or call

800-517-9278

THERES JUST NOTHING LIKE IT

ON THE WEB

wwwaviation-giftshopcom A Website with the Pilot in Mind

(and those who love airplanes)

CUSTOM PRINTED T-SHIRTS for your

flying club flight shop museum Free

samples Call 1-800-645-7739 or 1shy

828-654-9711

bearingsmain bearings bushings master

rods valves piston rings Call us Toll

Free 1-800-233-6934 e-mail ramremfg aocom Website wwwramenginecom VINTAGE ENGINE MACHINE WORKS

N 604 FREYA ST SPOKANE WA 99202

Aircraft Construction and Restoration

Russ Lassetter Cleveland GA 706shy

348-7514

SERVICES

Always Flying Aircraft Restoration LLC

AampP IA Annual 100 hr inspections

Wayne Forshey 740-472-1481

Ohio - statewide

VINTAGE AIRPLANE 39

VINTAGE AIRCRAFT

ASSOCIATION OFFICERS

President VicemiddotPres ident Geoff Robison George Daubner

152 1 E MacG regor Dr 2448 Lough Lane New Haven IN 46774 Hartford WI 53027

260middot493middot4724 262middot673middot5885 cllie702Saolcom vaa1yboymsllcom

Secretary Treasurer Steve Nesse Charles W Harris

2009 Highland Ave 72 15 East 46th Sl Albert Lea M 56007 Tulsa OK 74 147

507middot373middot1674 9 18middot622middot8400 stnesdeskmediacom (whhvsucom

DIRECTORS Steve Bender

85 Brush Hill Road Sherborn MA 01770

508middot653middot7557 sst 10com cas t llet

David Bennett 375 Ki lldeer Ct

Lincoln CA 95648 916middot645middot8370

alltiqllerillrmchcom

John Berendt 7645 Echo Point Rd

Cannon Fall s M N 55009 507middot263middot24 14

mjb(cIJldrcOfl l l(xtcollJ

Dave Clark 635 Vestal Lane

Plainfield IN 46168 3 17 middot839middot4500

dalecpdiquestet

John S Copeland 1 A Deacon St reet

Northborough MA 0 I 532 508middot393middot4775

copeiomll ullOCOlll

Phil Coulson 284 15 Springbrook Dr

Lawton M I 49065 269middot624middot6490

rcollisOfIS16cscom

Dale A Gustafson 7724 Shady Hills Dr

Indianapolis IN 46278 3 17middot293middot4430

daieayemsllcom

Jeannie Hill PO Box 328

Harvard IL 60033middot0328 815middot943middot7205

dillghacMvwcl1tt

Espie Butch Joyce 704 N Regional Rd

Greensboro NC 27409 336middot668middot3650

willdsockaolcom

Steve Keog 1002 Heather Ln

Hartfo rd WI 53027 262middot966middot7 627

sskroS(loicom

Robert D Bob Lumley 1265 South 124th Sl Brookfield WI 53005

262middot782middot2633 illmperextcpccom

Gene Morris 5936 Steve Court

Roanoke TX 76262 8 17middot49 1middot9 1 IO

genenorrisClwrterl1et

Dean Richardson 1429 Kings Lynn Rd

Stoughton W I 53589 608middot877middot8485

darapriairecolf1

SH aWes Schmid 2359 Lefeber AVenue

Wauwatosa WI 532 13 414middot77 1middot 1545

shscfIdlflwpccofI

DIRECTORS EMERITUS

Gene Chase EE Buck Hilbert 2 159 Cariton Rd 8102 Leech Rd

Oshkosh WI 54904 Union IL 60 180 920middot23 1middot5002 8 15middot923middot4591

GRCHACilarterl1et )lIck7clc(iigtdlsnet

Ronald C Fritz 15401 Sparta Ave

Kent City MI 49J30 616middot678middot5012

rFrilzpa thwaYlletco11l

Membershi~ Services Directory ENJOY THE MANY BENEFITS OF EAA AND ~ EAAs VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION

EAA Aviation Center PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Phone (920) 426-4800 Fax (920) 426-4873

Web Sites wwwvintageaircratorg wwwairventllreorg wwweaaorgmemberbene(its E-Mail vintageaircrateaaorg

EAA and Division Membership Services 800-843-3612 FAX 920-426-6761 (800 AM-700 PM Monday-Friday CST)

-Newrenew memberships EAA Divisions (Vintage Aircraft Association lAC Warbirds) National Association of Flight Instructors (NAFI)

-Address changes -Merchandise sales -Gift memberships

Programs and Activities EAA AirVenture Fax-On-Demand Directory 732-885-6711 Auto Fuel STCs 920-426-4843 Buildrestore information 920-426-4821 Chapters locatingorganizing 920-426-4876 Education 888-322-3229

- EAA Air Academy - EAA Scholarships

Flight Advisors information 920-426-6864 Flight Instructor information 920-426-6801

Flying Start Program 920-426-6847 Library ServicesResearch 920-426-4848 Medical Questions 920-426-6112 Technical Counselors 920-426-6864 Young Eagles 877-806-8902

Benefits AUA Vintage Insurance Plan 800-727-3823 EAA Aircraft Insurance Plan 866-647-4322 Term Life and Accidental 800-241-6103 Death Insurance (Harvey Watt amp Company) EAA Platinum VISA Card 800-853-5576 ext 8884 EAA Aircraft Financing Plan 866-808-6040 EAA Enterprise Rent-A-Car Program 877-GA1-ERAC Editorial 920-426-4825 VAA Office FAX 920-426-6865

EAA Aviation Foundation Artifact Donations 920-426-4877 Financial Support 800-236-1025

MEMBERSHIP INFORMATION EAA

Membership in the Experimental Aircraft ASSOCiation Inc is $40 for one year includshying 12 issues of SPORT AVIATION Family membership is an additional $10 annually Junior Membership (under 19 years of age) is available at $23 annually All major credit cards accepted for membership (Add $16 for Foreign Postage)

EAA SPORT PILOT Current EAA members may add EAA

SPORT PILOT magaZine for an additional $20 per year

EAA Membership and EAA SPORT PILOT magazine is available for $40 per year (SPORT AVIATION magaZine not inshycluded) (Add $16 for Foreign Postage)

VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION Current EAA members may join the

Vintage Aircraft Association and receive VINTAGE AIRPLANE magazine for an adshyditional $36 per year

EAA Membership VINTAGE AIRPLANE magazine and one year membership in the EAA Vintage Aircraft Association is available for $46 per year (SPORT AVIATION magazine not inshycluded) (Add $7 for Foreign Postage)

lAC Current EAA members may join the

International Aerobatic Club Inc Divishysion and receive SPORT AEROBATICS magazine for an additional $45 per year

EAA Membership SPORT AEROBATshyICS magaZine and one year membership in the lAC Division is available for $55 per year (SPORT AVIATION magazine not included) (Add $18 for Foreign Postage_)

WARBIRDS Current EAA members may join the EAA

Warbirds of America Division and receive WARBIRDS magazine for an additional $45 per year

EAA Membership WARBIRDS magashyz ine and one year membership in the Warbirds Division is available for $55 per year (SPORT AVIATION magaZine not inshycluded) (Add $7 for Foreign Postage)

FOREIGN MEMBERSHIPS Please submit your remittance with a

check or draft drawn on a United States bank payable in United States dollars Add required Foreign Postage amount for each membership

Membership dues to EM and its divisions are not tax deductible as charitable contributions

Copyright mOO7 by the EM Vintage Aircraft Associalion All rights reseVed VI NTAGE AIRPLANE (USPS 062middot750 ISSN 0091-6943) is published and owned exclusively by the EM Vintage Aircraft Association of the Experimental Aircraft Association and is published monthly at EM Aviamiddot

tion Center 3000 Poberezny Rd PO Box 3086 Oshkosh Wisconsin 54903-3086 e-mail vintageaircrafteaaorg Membership to Vintage Aircraft Association WhiCh inch des 12 iss PS of jotage Ajcp1ane magazine

is $36 per year for EM members and $46 for nonmiddotEM members Pefiodicals Postage paid at Oshkosh Wisconsin 54901 and at add~ional mailing offices POSTMASTER Send address changes to Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903middot3088 PM 40032445 Return undeliverable Canadian addresses to World Distribution Services Station A PO Box 54 Windsor ON N9A 6J5 e-mai cpcretumsWdsmailcom FORmiddot EIGN AND APO ADDRESSES - Please allow at least two months for delivery of VINTAGE AIRPLANE to foreign and APO addresses via surtace mail ADVERTISING - Vintage Aircraft Association does not guarantee or endorse any proouct offered through the advertising We invite constructive criticism and wekome any report of inferior merchandise obtained through our advertiSing so that corrective measures can be taken

EDITORIAL POLICY Members are encouraged to submrt slories and photographs Policy opinions expressed in artiCles are solely those of the authors Responsibility for accuracy in reporting rests entirely with the contributor No remuneration is made Material should be sent to Editor VINTAGE AIRPLANE PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903middot3086 Phone 920middot426-4800

EMreg and EM SPORT AVIATIONreg the EM Logoreg and Aeronautica are registered trademarks trademarks and senlice marks of the Experimental Aircraft Association Inc The use of these trademarks and service marks without the permission of the Experimental Aircraft Association Inc is strictly prohibited

40 JUNE 2007

-=-_tI 8015 CONCER

~oNO~Y )JY 13

presented by Ecpse ~1aton n 8lt ford otor col1pa y

Page 41: PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATIONmembers.eaavintage.org/wp...Vol-35-No-6-June-2007.pdf · PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION . ... Flightline Safety Committee and their

VINTAGE AIRCRAFT

ASSOCIATION OFFICERS

President VicemiddotPres ident Geoff Robison George Daubner

152 1 E MacG regor Dr 2448 Lough Lane New Haven IN 46774 Hartford WI 53027

260middot493middot4724 262middot673middot5885 cllie702Saolcom vaa1yboymsllcom

Secretary Treasurer Steve Nesse Charles W Harris

2009 Highland Ave 72 15 East 46th Sl Albert Lea M 56007 Tulsa OK 74 147

507middot373middot1674 9 18middot622middot8400 stnesdeskmediacom (whhvsucom

DIRECTORS Steve Bender

85 Brush Hill Road Sherborn MA 01770

508middot653middot7557 sst 10com cas t llet

David Bennett 375 Ki lldeer Ct

Lincoln CA 95648 916middot645middot8370

alltiqllerillrmchcom

John Berendt 7645 Echo Point Rd

Cannon Fall s M N 55009 507middot263middot24 14

mjb(cIJldrcOfl l l(xtcollJ

Dave Clark 635 Vestal Lane

Plainfield IN 46168 3 17 middot839middot4500

dalecpdiquestet

John S Copeland 1 A Deacon St reet

Northborough MA 0 I 532 508middot393middot4775

copeiomll ullOCOlll

Phil Coulson 284 15 Springbrook Dr

Lawton M I 49065 269middot624middot6490

rcollisOfIS16cscom

Dale A Gustafson 7724 Shady Hills Dr

Indianapolis IN 46278 3 17middot293middot4430

daieayemsllcom

Jeannie Hill PO Box 328

Harvard IL 60033middot0328 815middot943middot7205

dillghacMvwcl1tt

Espie Butch Joyce 704 N Regional Rd

Greensboro NC 27409 336middot668middot3650

willdsockaolcom

Steve Keog 1002 Heather Ln

Hartfo rd WI 53027 262middot966middot7 627

sskroS(loicom

Robert D Bob Lumley 1265 South 124th Sl Brookfield WI 53005

262middot782middot2633 illmperextcpccom

Gene Morris 5936 Steve Court

Roanoke TX 76262 8 17middot49 1middot9 1 IO

genenorrisClwrterl1et

Dean Richardson 1429 Kings Lynn Rd

Stoughton W I 53589 608middot877middot8485

darapriairecolf1

SH aWes Schmid 2359 Lefeber AVenue

Wauwatosa WI 532 13 414middot77 1middot 1545

shscfIdlflwpccofI

DIRECTORS EMERITUS

Gene Chase EE Buck Hilbert 2 159 Cariton Rd 8102 Leech Rd

Oshkosh WI 54904 Union IL 60 180 920middot23 1middot5002 8 15middot923middot4591

GRCHACilarterl1et )lIck7clc(iigtdlsnet

Ronald C Fritz 15401 Sparta Ave

Kent City MI 49J30 616middot678middot5012

rFrilzpa thwaYlletco11l

Membershi~ Services Directory ENJOY THE MANY BENEFITS OF EAA AND ~ EAAs VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION

EAA Aviation Center PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903-3086 Phone (920) 426-4800 Fax (920) 426-4873

Web Sites wwwvintageaircratorg wwwairventllreorg wwweaaorgmemberbene(its E-Mail vintageaircrateaaorg

EAA and Division Membership Services 800-843-3612 FAX 920-426-6761 (800 AM-700 PM Monday-Friday CST)

-Newrenew memberships EAA Divisions (Vintage Aircraft Association lAC Warbirds) National Association of Flight Instructors (NAFI)

-Address changes -Merchandise sales -Gift memberships

Programs and Activities EAA AirVenture Fax-On-Demand Directory 732-885-6711 Auto Fuel STCs 920-426-4843 Buildrestore information 920-426-4821 Chapters locatingorganizing 920-426-4876 Education 888-322-3229

- EAA Air Academy - EAA Scholarships

Flight Advisors information 920-426-6864 Flight Instructor information 920-426-6801

Flying Start Program 920-426-6847 Library ServicesResearch 920-426-4848 Medical Questions 920-426-6112 Technical Counselors 920-426-6864 Young Eagles 877-806-8902

Benefits AUA Vintage Insurance Plan 800-727-3823 EAA Aircraft Insurance Plan 866-647-4322 Term Life and Accidental 800-241-6103 Death Insurance (Harvey Watt amp Company) EAA Platinum VISA Card 800-853-5576 ext 8884 EAA Aircraft Financing Plan 866-808-6040 EAA Enterprise Rent-A-Car Program 877-GA1-ERAC Editorial 920-426-4825 VAA Office FAX 920-426-6865

EAA Aviation Foundation Artifact Donations 920-426-4877 Financial Support 800-236-1025

MEMBERSHIP INFORMATION EAA

Membership in the Experimental Aircraft ASSOCiation Inc is $40 for one year includshying 12 issues of SPORT AVIATION Family membership is an additional $10 annually Junior Membership (under 19 years of age) is available at $23 annually All major credit cards accepted for membership (Add $16 for Foreign Postage)

EAA SPORT PILOT Current EAA members may add EAA

SPORT PILOT magaZine for an additional $20 per year

EAA Membership and EAA SPORT PILOT magazine is available for $40 per year (SPORT AVIATION magaZine not inshycluded) (Add $16 for Foreign Postage)

VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION Current EAA members may join the

Vintage Aircraft Association and receive VINTAGE AIRPLANE magazine for an adshyditional $36 per year

EAA Membership VINTAGE AIRPLANE magazine and one year membership in the EAA Vintage Aircraft Association is available for $46 per year (SPORT AVIATION magazine not inshycluded) (Add $7 for Foreign Postage)

lAC Current EAA members may join the

International Aerobatic Club Inc Divishysion and receive SPORT AEROBATICS magazine for an additional $45 per year

EAA Membership SPORT AEROBATshyICS magaZine and one year membership in the lAC Division is available for $55 per year (SPORT AVIATION magazine not included) (Add $18 for Foreign Postage_)

WARBIRDS Current EAA members may join the EAA

Warbirds of America Division and receive WARBIRDS magazine for an additional $45 per year

EAA Membership WARBIRDS magashyz ine and one year membership in the Warbirds Division is available for $55 per year (SPORT AVIATION magaZine not inshycluded) (Add $7 for Foreign Postage)

FOREIGN MEMBERSHIPS Please submit your remittance with a

check or draft drawn on a United States bank payable in United States dollars Add required Foreign Postage amount for each membership

Membership dues to EM and its divisions are not tax deductible as charitable contributions

Copyright mOO7 by the EM Vintage Aircraft Associalion All rights reseVed VI NTAGE AIRPLANE (USPS 062middot750 ISSN 0091-6943) is published and owned exclusively by the EM Vintage Aircraft Association of the Experimental Aircraft Association and is published monthly at EM Aviamiddot

tion Center 3000 Poberezny Rd PO Box 3086 Oshkosh Wisconsin 54903-3086 e-mail vintageaircrafteaaorg Membership to Vintage Aircraft Association WhiCh inch des 12 iss PS of jotage Ajcp1ane magazine

is $36 per year for EM members and $46 for nonmiddotEM members Pefiodicals Postage paid at Oshkosh Wisconsin 54901 and at add~ional mailing offices POSTMASTER Send address changes to Vintage Airplane PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903middot3088 PM 40032445 Return undeliverable Canadian addresses to World Distribution Services Station A PO Box 54 Windsor ON N9A 6J5 e-mai cpcretumsWdsmailcom FORmiddot EIGN AND APO ADDRESSES - Please allow at least two months for delivery of VINTAGE AIRPLANE to foreign and APO addresses via surtace mail ADVERTISING - Vintage Aircraft Association does not guarantee or endorse any proouct offered through the advertising We invite constructive criticism and wekome any report of inferior merchandise obtained through our advertiSing so that corrective measures can be taken

EDITORIAL POLICY Members are encouraged to submrt slories and photographs Policy opinions expressed in artiCles are solely those of the authors Responsibility for accuracy in reporting rests entirely with the contributor No remuneration is made Material should be sent to Editor VINTAGE AIRPLANE PO Box 3086 Oshkosh WI 54903middot3086 Phone 920middot426-4800

EMreg and EM SPORT AVIATIONreg the EM Logoreg and Aeronautica are registered trademarks trademarks and senlice marks of the Experimental Aircraft Association Inc The use of these trademarks and service marks without the permission of the Experimental Aircraft Association Inc is strictly prohibited

40 JUNE 2007

-=-_tI 8015 CONCER

~oNO~Y )JY 13

presented by Ecpse ~1aton n 8lt ford otor col1pa y

Page 42: PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATIONmembers.eaavintage.org/wp...Vol-35-No-6-June-2007.pdf · PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION . ... Flightline Safety Committee and their

-=-_tI 8015 CONCER

~oNO~Y )JY 13

presented by Ecpse ~1aton n 8lt ford otor col1pa y

Page 43: PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATIONmembers.eaavintage.org/wp...Vol-35-No-6-June-2007.pdf · PRESIDENT, VINTAGE AIRCRAFT ASSOCIATION . ... Flightline Safety Committee and their

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