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Preventive Maintenance

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• Preventive - That which tends to stop undesired things from happening

• Maintenance - support, defense, upkeep

In other words if we do basic upkeep and repairs on the car we will prevent undesirable things

from happening

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Owner Manuals - why read?

Warning Lights??

Check engine - do we tow it in?

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SERVICE ENGINE SOON - do we Lube the car and change the oil and filter?

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Maintenance Required

• You need to change the oil and filter?

• Maybe emissions

• How do you reset the Light???

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Maintenance Required Light

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Check Gauges

• If a Light comes on telling you to check your gauges Please check them.

• Example

• Voltmeter for low Battery Voltage

• Oil Pressure for Low Oil Pressure

• Temperature for a Hot engine

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What isTennis shoe mode?

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Tennis shoe mode is when you do a poor job of Maintenance on

your car we hope you have invested in a good pair of tennis shoes for the long walk home.

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The 4 jobs of oil

• Seals

• Cleans

• Cools

• Lubricates

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Service ratings• Gasoline engines use a S rating (Service) for the

first letter. The second letter tells the current service categories (A-N). You can also remember this S for a Spark engine.

• Diesel Engines use a C rating (Commercial) for the first letter. The next letters and numbers tells the current service categories. You can also remember this C for a Compression engine.

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Service ratings gasSA- Straight mineral oil Do not use for engine oilSB- Inhibited oil only Do not use for engine oilSC- For cars and trucks 1964 – 1967 (Obsolete)SD- For cars and trucks 1968 – 1971 (Obsolete)SE _ For cars and trucks 1972 – 1979 (Obsolete)SF _ For cars and trucks 1980 – 1988 (Obsolete)SG _ For cars and trucks 1989 – 1993 (Obsolete)SH - For cars and trucks 1994 – 1996 (Obsolete)SJ - For cars and trucks 1997 – 2000 (Obsolete)SL - For cars and trucks 2001 – 2004 (Obsolete)SM - For cars and trucks 2005 – 2009SN - For cars and trucks after 2010 may also be used for all cars prior to those years.

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Service ratings dieselCA- (Obsolete)CB- (Obsolete)CC - (Obsolete)CD - (Obsolete)CD-II - (Obsolete)CE - (Obsolete)CF-4 - (Obsolete)CF-2 - (Obsolete)CF - (Obsolete)CG-4 - (Obsolete)CH-4CI-4 (Current)CJ-4 (Current)

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• There are several web sites that keep up to date information Google the latest info

• http://www.api.org/certifications/engineoil/index.cfm

• http://www.carbibles.com/engineoil_bible.html

• http://www.apicj-4.org/servicecategory_description.html

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Classifying oil• SAE -Society of Automotive Engineers• API - American Petroleum Institute• W - Winter Grade• HD - High Detergency• 30 -Single-Viscosity oil, viscosity being 30• 10W-30 - Multi-Viscosity oil - 10W

indicates oil viscosity at low temperatures the 30 indicates the oil viscosity at normal engine operating temperatures.

• ILSAC - International Lubricant Standardization and Approval Committee

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Oil Label

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Oil viscosity

Defined as the - thickness or fluidity of the oil, oil's ability to resist flow

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SAEViscosity

Grade

Cold StartingTemperatureConditions

Descriptions

5W-30 -13 F Provides excellent fuel economy and low temperatureperformance in most late model automobiles. Especiallyrecommended for new cars.

10W-30 0° F Most frequently recommended viscosity grade for mostautomobile engines, including high performance multi-valveengines and turbo-charged engines.

10W-40 0° F The first multi-grade introduced. A good choice for controllingengine wear and preventing oil breakdown from oxidation dueto hotter-than-normal running conditions. Note: Always checkyour owner's manual or warranty requirements before usingthis grade.

20W-50 15° F Provides maximum protection for high performance, high RPMracing engines. Excellent choice for high temperature andheavy loads such as driving in the desert or towing a trailer athigh speeds for long periods of time.

SAE 30SAE 40

15° F32° F

For cars and light trucks, where recommended bymanufacturers. Not recommended when cold temperaturestarting is required.

Oil viscosity

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Oil viscosity

Some cars are now using a 5W-20 Oil. Please check your owners manual

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Fluid Levels - safety check

You should always be aware of the condition of your car.Are all the fluid levels where they should be what about high maintenance items such as hoses and belts. Do all the lights work on the car. When was the last time you checked your tires. Here are some things you should check and be aware of.

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What oil should I buy?• Personal preference?

• Check the label is it OK for your car?

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When should oil and filters be changed?

• 1,000 - 7,500 in some owners manuals

• I recommend about every 3,000 - 4,000 miles

• depends on length of operation, Short or long trips

• temperature of air and car engine

• Condition of all filters - air, oil, fuel - PCV valve

• driving conditions, paved road, off road, dust

• Mt. St. Helens

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Checking oil• When Checking oil on any vehicle or any fluid level remember

this tips.• 1. Park the vehicle on a level surface.• 2. Make sure the vehicle is at normal operating temperature.• 3. Wipe off dipstick and re-insert it into the dipstick tube.• 4. I like to check engine oil also when it is cold to see if there is

any difference between hot and cold.• 5. Check Weekly more often if the car burns or leaks oil.

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Checking oil

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Engine oil

• Check Weekly

• How dirty is it

• does it feel gritty between your fingers

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Drain Plugs• Check the

drain plug and gasket. There are different types.

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Drain Plug Gaskets

• And even more types of gaskets

Nylon

metal rubber

Nylon RibbedCopper Aluminum

Crush

Fiber

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Drain Plug Gaskets

Change them before they Leak

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Transmission - automatic• Check with the engine running - except newer

Honda’s check owners manual

• Engine should be hot

• On some Chrysler Cars it must be in neutral

• Check your dipstick or owners manual for type

• Some new cars have

No dipstick

Picture TundraSolutions.com

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Transmission - automatic

• TRANSMISSION FLUIDS

• Over the years, there have been a confusing array of different ATF types and specifications. Make sure the replacement fluid meets or exceeds all OEM requirements. Using the wrong type of fluid may cause transmission problems and damage.

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Type F -- Introduced by Ford in 1967 for their automatics. Type CJ -- Special fluid for Ford C6 transmissions. Similar to Dexron II. Must not be used in automatics that require Type F. Can be replaced with Mercon or Mercon V.Type H -- Another limited Ford spec that differs from both Dexron and Type F. Can be replaced with Mercon or Mercon V.Mercon -- Ford fluid introduced in 1987, very similar to Dexron II. Okay for all earlier Fords except those that require Type F. As of July 1, 2007, the production and licensing of Mercon ATF by Ford ends. Ford says applications that require Mercon ATF can now be serviced with Mercon V. See Ford TSB 06144 for more information.Mercon V -- Replaces Mercon. Introduced in 1997 for Ranger, Explorer V6 and Aerostar, and 1998 & up Windstar, Taurus/Sable and Continental. This is the current ATF for most late model Ford products. See Ford TSB 06144 for more information.Mercon SP -- Latest friction-modified ATF for Ford TorqShift Transmissions only. Do NOT use in transmissions that require Mercon or Mercon V. See Ford TSB 06144 for more information.

Transmission Fluid Ford

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Type A – Real old GMDexron -- General Motors original ATF for automatics.Dexron II -- Improved GM formula with better viscosity control and additional oxidation inhibitors. Can be used in place of Dexron.Dexron IIE -- GM fluid for electronic transmissions.Dexron III -- Replaces Dexron IIE and adds improved oxidation and corrosion control in GM electronic automatics.Dexron III (H) -- Improved version of Dexron III released in 2003.Dexron III/Saturn -- A special fluid spec for Saturns.Dexron-VI -- Introduced in 2006 for GM Hydra-Matic 6L80 6-speed rear-wheel-drive transmissions. Dexron VI now replaces Dexron III and II, and can be used in GM or import transmissions that formerly specified Dexron III or II

Transmission Fluid GM

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Dexron & Dexron II was used for years then the switch to these other fluids. Chrysler 7176 -- For Chrysler FWD transaxles.Chrysler 7176D (ATF+2) -- Adds improved cold temperature flow and oxidation resistance. Introduced 1997.Chrysler 7176E (ATF+3) -- Adds improved shear stability and uses a higher quality base oil. Required for four-speed automatics (do NOT use Dexron or Mercon as a substitute).Chrysler ATF+4 (ATE) -- Introduced in 1998, ATF+4 is synthetic and replaces the previous ATF+3 fluid. Used primarily for 2000 and 2001 vehicles, it can also be used in earlier Chrysler transmissions (except 1999 and older minivans with 41TE/AE transmission). ATF+3 should continue to be used for 1999 and earlier minivans because of the potential for torque converter shudder during break in.

NOTE:Chrysler ATF+4 Must always be used in vehicles that were originally filled with ATF+4. The red dye used in ATF+4 is not permanent. As the fluid ages it may become darker or appear brown in color. ATF+4 also has a unique odor that may change with age. Therefore, do not relay on the color and odor of ATF+4 to determine if the fluid needs to be changed. Follow the OEM recommended service interval.Chrysler ATF+5 for 2002 and newer models

Thanks to NAPA for info on Transmission fluid

Transmission Fluid Chrysler

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Transmission Fluid Other Makes

• Other fluids: Toyota T-IV and WS, Allison TES 295 and 389, Nissan Matic-D, Matic-J and Matic-K, Honda Z-1, Mercedes NAG-1, Mitsubishi Diamond SP-II and SP-III

• Dexron/Mercon ATF is also used by some Mazda, Toyota and other import vehicles

• Check your owners manual Lots of different ATF’s

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Transmission - Automatic

• When changing oil pan and gasket if you find this little plug. It was put in at the factory to seal the dipstick hole. When the dipstick is install it pushes it into the pan. Take it out and throw it away or save it for a plug for a transmission you have sitting in the shop

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Manual Transmission

• Read Owners Manual What oil does it use?

• Dexron II or III ATF

• 30 or 50 Viscosity oil

• 80-90 GL-5 (GL = Gear Lube)

• Fill if level is below 1/2" of hole

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Trans Axle• Read Owners Manual

What oil does it use?• might have two separate reservoirs.• Dexron II or III ATF• 30 or 50 Viscosity oil• 80-90 GL-5• Fill if level is below 1/2" of hole

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Transfer Case 4x4

• Read Owners Manual• 30 Viscosity oil• 80 - 90 GL-5• Dexron II or III

ATF• DO NOT use MerconV

Fill plug

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Transfer Case 4x4

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Rear Axle• Read Owners Manual

• 80 - 90 or 140 GL-5

• limited slip or positraction use a Hypoid gear Additive

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Rear Axle

• Use a 3/8 or ½ extension to remove the fill plug

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Rear Axle

• No drain plug, remove the back plate to drain fluid.

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Synthetic oil

• Some vehicles require a synthetic oil in the rear axle, engine or Transmission.

• If it says synthetic oil you must use it.

• Please, Please, Please read your Owners Manual

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Chassis Lube

• Types of grease

• Sealed and non sealed front end parts

Sealed Non sealed

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Power steering• Read Owners Manual

• Use power steering fluid

• Marks for Hot and Cold - Engine off

• Some Fords use ATF

• Newer Fords use Mercon V

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Coolant level • What is it protected to

• What is its PH rating

• Is it rusty

• For best aluminum protection, change every other year.

• Green antifreeze

• Long life Orange or what color??

• See Power Point on under hood Maintenance.

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Visual Inspection of the Battery

• Battery Electrolyte, That’s the fluid in the battery made up of water and sulfuric acid?

• Is it low, high or just right

• Electrolyte - 64% water 36% Sulfuric acid

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Windshield washer fluid

• Make sure it is the blue fluid that is protected to –25. Not water that will freeze up and make you replace the pump & all the lines and the reservoir because you wanted to save a buck.

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Brake Fluid

• First of all it eats paint or just changes the color of paint

• D.O.T. III, IV, V• What color is it, does it need to be flushed• What is the moisture content? • Should be less then 2%.• Read your Owners Manual to find out what you

should use.

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Tires

• What is the Air Pressure, Read Owners Manual or look on door post

• Check Weekly

• Examine for Physical defects

• Examine for funny wear patterns

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Belts• Check for worn, glazed, cut, or frayed belts

• Make sure that the tension is not to tight or to loose

• Make sure the pulleys are OK

• Check the belt tensioner

• Store an old belt in your trunk. If you took it off your car you know it will fit and will get you to the next town if need be.

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Hoses• Check for• hard - will crack or break easy• swollen - oil soaked• chafed - belt rubbed or worn• burned - by exhaust manifold• soft - spongy inside deterioration• leaks - pinholes• hose clamps defective

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Fuses

• Glass

• ATO/ATC

• ATM or Mini

• Maxi

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Fuses

Female Pal Fuse

Male Pal Fuses

Bolt On Pal Fuses

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How to check fuses

• Test light• Voltmeter • Key must be on• Lights must be on to check fuses that run

any lights• car must be running to check some fuses,

Such as Charging System• Remember you must have power to both

sides for the fuse to be good. If no power to either side something is not on.

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Checking lights• Make sure all lights work• Headlamps – High & Low beam• Tail and park lights• Stop lights – High mount Stop lights • Turn signal – side markers• License plate – back up• Dome – Courtesy• Don’t forget dash, trunk & under hood lights

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Jump starting cars

• I.D. of battery

• positive Terminal is larger, can be red, +

• negative Terminal is smaller, can be black, -

• be careful of colors either battery cable can be any color.

• # of cells x 2.1 = voltage most cars 12.6 volts

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Jump starting cars cont.

• positive to positive

• negative to negative

• Hook up negative cable last on car with dead battery on a good ground. Not on the battery. If sparks occur no Hydrogen to blow up

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Wiper Blades

• Different brands

• Anco Trico Bosch

• Should be changed about every six months

• Measure for length

• Watch video on how to replace

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Service Manuals• Most manuals are online on the internet. The two

largest independents are Alldata and Mitchell, but all the Factory’s have online manuals today.

• Books try these• Motor http://www.motor.com/• Chilton http://www.chilton.cengage.com/• Mitchell https://www.mitchell.com/mitch/start.asp• Factory Service Manuals (Search the internet)• Haynes http://www.haynes.com/

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Packing Front Wheel Bearings

rear on FWD cars

• Watch video from Timken• I like zero clearance - not tight, not loose• Use new seal, new cotter pin• check bearings for wear• clean and repack

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The End

Thanks to Valvoline for some of the information http://www.valvoline.com/