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5
7
24 40 62 73
107
119 126
147
156
166
172
183
198
1752
1968 1981
1880 1700
(Frances Pritchett)
2000
-
A History of Urdu Literature
1993 2007
-
dates
2001 —
-
1857
1930
1920 18371835
1930
1707/17081667/1668
1755 17831699
17811699
(General Lake) 1803
1800
-
1780
1807
1925
18241750 (metaphysical) 18471777
18381776
18381760/61 18541788
1880
1893 1920
1923 1921
1926 1925
1927
19171881
46
(1752)
1891/93
1880
18641794
19431869 18801821
19081901 19161846 -
1936 1865
1934-1924
19671885
1951
1732
17131659
1870 18811879 1876
19131910 19431913
19131903 19511875
19111819
19111901 19501872
~~~~~~~
2008- 2008 200812 Charlottesville
—
A 1928 1927 History of Urdu Literature
1992 1964
Classical Urdu Literature from the Beginning1
1957
The Pursuit of Urdu Literature: A Select 1992 to Iqbal
History
A History of Indian Literature
(Jan Gonda)
Modern Urdu Literature
The first great flowering of Urdu literature took placein the early decades of the eighteenth century. Forsome centuries before that time Urdu had been usedas a medium of prose writing, mainly in the religioustracts, but these were not literature except in thevery broadest sense that word can bear. Urdu poetrytoo had been f lourished in the sixteenth andseventeenth centuries under Muslim rulers in centralIndia, but this formed, so to speak, a compact andisolated phenomenon, beginning and ending beforethe continuous history of mainstreem Urdu literaturebegan in the northern plains. What we may call theclassical period of Urdu literature, then, begins in theearly decades of the eighteenth century; and thegreat watershed of the revolt of 1857 provides aconvenient closing date.2
(theoretical)
1962
3
4
2000
6(Robert E. Spiller)
7
How not to write the history of 1999
Urdu literature
'General 8 Charateristics or Urdu Poetry'
9
(causation)
10
The Language and its Origin A General Survey of Urdu Literature
General Characteristics
Mohammadan
predatory freebooter
erotic erotic
Erotic poetry is clearly traceable to Sufism, to court influence and to the imitation of Persian poetry.11
Being the adjunct to the courts, Urdu poetrylacked tha t va r i ety, tha t r ichness, tha texpansiveness, that originality which characterizethe best and greatest literature of the world.12
Azad pays the complement of being the Aristotleof Urdu poetry.13
14
15
His knowledge of woman is also credible though no pure pictures of maidenhood and womanhood such as of Imogen, Desdemona, Portia and ophelia could be found.16
Desdomona
Cymbeline Imogen
Ophelia The Merchant of Venice Portia Othello Hamlet
1928 128
(metres)
71
18
The Place of Urdu Among Languages
19
20 (Persianisation)
21
A History of Urdu 1984 1964 Literature
652 27 — 26
(chronology)
1800 1869
(appendices)
22
(Middle Class)
23
24
nationalism nation
25
32 441
How not to write the History of Urdu Literature
26
Aryan Religious Thoughts27
28
29
This qasidah (ode) as genre in Urdu literature cannot claim the purity of Arab extraction. Indian and Iranian elements have intermingled with thetradition of prashasti (panegyric) which had beenvery strong in Sanskrit.30
31
mystic erotic 32
33
34 essence
A Modest Plea: Could we have a Proper History of Urdu Literature
(David Perkins)
1. Annemarie Schimmel, ''Classical Urdu Literature from Beginning to
Iqbal" (AHistory of Indian Literature; Vol.8, ModernIndoAryanLiteratures; Fasc. 3, (ed.), Jan Gonda, 1975, Wiesbaden, Germany Otto Harrassowitz.
2. Ralph Russel, The Pursuit of Urdu Literature A Select History,Londonand NewJersey Zen Books Ltd., 1992, p.21
254-55 2005 .3
1700 1200 .4
1962 12 .5
2003 6. Robert Spiller,''Literary History", The Aims and Methods of
Scholarship in Modern Languages and Literature, (ed.) JamesThorpe, 1963, NewYork Modern Language Association of America,p.43
2015 .78. Ralph Russel, How not to Write the History of Urdu Literature And
Other Essays on Urdu and Islam, Delhi Oxford University Press,1999, p.30.
.9Its range is very limited for it sank into the ruts of old batteredPersian themes and adorned itself with the rags of the cast offimagery of Persian poetry having absolutely no relation to India,the country of its birth…Ram Babu Saksena, A History of Urdu Literature, Allahabad RamNarain Lal Publisher and Bookseller, 1940, p.23
cast off rags rag
offensive .10
92 2015 11. Ram Babu Saksena, A History of Urdu Literature, Allahabad Ram
Narain Lal Publisher and Bookseller, 1940,p.27
12. ibid,p.29.
13. ibid,p.47
145142 .14
142 .15
16. ibid,p.14517. T. Grahame Bailey, A History of Urdu Literature, New Delhi Sumit
Publications, 1979, p.7.18. ibid,pp.910.
.19
294284256 2005 20. ibid, p.40.21. ibid,22. Muhammad Sadiq, A History of Urdu Literature, Delhi Oxford
University Press, 1984, p.1.23. ibid, p.10.24. ibid, p.51.25. ibid, p.15.26. Ali Jwad Zaidi, A History of Urdu Literature, New Delhi Sahitya
Akademi, 1993, p.2.27. For more details, see Ali Jawad Zaidi, AHistory of Urdu Literature,
New Delhi Sahitya Akademi, 1993, p.2.28. ibid, p.9.29. ibid, pp.121330. ibid, p.16.31. ibid, p.12.32. ibid, p.1333. ibid, p.15
1957 .34
268 1165
International Institute of
Islamic Though and Civilization
490
13 15 268
635
605x10 635
635 3
495 510 507 508
614 617
43 —
64 —
76 —
87 —
98 —
109 —
1411 —
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15 —
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217 —
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483482 —
512487 —
513 —
528524 —
571565 —
577 —
587583 —
601599 —
603601 —
604603 —
604 —
614 —
1192
1164
1164
1929
A Catalogue of the Arabic Persian and Hindustany Manuscripts of
174 1854 the Libraries of the Kings of Oudh.
A Catalogue of Persian Manuscripts in the Library of International Institute of Islamic Thought and Civilization
81 1994
23 1943 1983 3
37-39 22-2339
60 61
73 63
64
65 666
76
77 78
80
253 259
84 96
90 105
102 106
127
108 112
130
114 118
133
138 146
166
175
187
188 190
188
660 1009
239 480 79
1211-82
1327 1262
14491372
1926
1917-95
1950 1950
1
2
3
Speech of Shadow 4
5
108106
6
7
8
9
10
11
...
____________________
1910-78
20121924
1952-53
264
343
708-09
737-38
32 77
8985
9189
951-52
480
868-69 889-90
899 891-92 922-23
933 940-41 939-40
957-58 940-41 966-67
9 9 1 - 9 2 1025-26
1030 1067-68 1038-39
422
1061-62
19811904 1954 1958
1972
887 896
21 11
423 1
24 4 1912
223 4 1912 'A Critical Study of Nahj ul Balagha'
21979 248 1 1926
'The Authenticity of Nahj al-Balagha' 3531 1950
1950
34 34 33 264
31 1751972
182146 2010 - 217-18
532013
55
.
65 1903 4
(2) (1)
(6) (5) (4) (3) (10) (9) (8) (7) (13) (12) (11) (16) (15) (14)
(19) (18) (17) (22) (21) (20)
(24) (23) (27) (26) (25)
124 1903
84
2
84
(1836-1912) 3
21
84
109 2
102
103
103
16
(1837-1914)
104 (1865-1912)
1905
(1870-1961)
.
1908
(1869-1932) 1
1908 3
3 1908 22
1908 25 15
1913
26
1892 (1869-1932) 2
16 1908 14
1908 17 15
239
3
3 1908 4
4
3 1908 4 5
4 1908 13
6
5-6 1908 4 7
6 1909 (1877-1961) 8
(1866-1930) 9
1910 16 9
9-10 1910
10
13 1 1909 29 (1878-1931) 11
13 1 12
13 1909 24
:
1909 27
16 1909 19
(1842-1926)
1909 28 16
(1897-1936) 15
17
(1868-1927) -16
17 1909 18 -17
18
18-19
-18
18
-19
28 8
19 -20
(1864-1950)
19-20
-21
20
(1865-1938) -22
20
-23
23-24
-24
24-25
-25
25-26 -26
26 (1880-1934) -27
28-29 8
(1841-1917) -28
27 8
(1877-1938) -29
239
1912 29
5
1905
(1836-1907) (1858-1930)
408-09
-6
121
1904
1 1905
4 1910
5
1 1909
2-3 1906
7
1908 :
8
8
15-16 1912 9
1 1912
65-66
1707
1857
1857
19141837
2
1869
1879 1879 10
1879
1621886
3 135
1935
249
10 1968
6563 1992 312 1959
312 313
61
126 1988 61-62
47 21
82 1969
Abandoned
*****
1921
51 1972 19
1996
(Sheilla, by 'l' Sheilla Khushwant Singh)
Sheila
(Inns of Court)
(Psalms) (The Song of Solomon) THe Book of Job (Proverbs)
limericks
nursery clerihews Sullivan Gilbert Lewis Carroll rhymes
Crossword-puzzles
(Somerset (Aldous Huxley)
Maugham)
(Francois
Mauraiac)
(Andre Gide) (Mary McCarthy) (Stephen Spender)
(Crompton Mackenzie) (Norman Mailer)
( Dy l a n T h o ma s ) ( S a ch ever e l l S i tw e l l ) (Samuel Beckett) (Rosamond Lehmann)
(History of the Sikhs)
Train to Pakistan
(Ruth (Nirad C Chaudhuri) Jhabwala)
Autobiography of an Unknown Indian
(Knight)
(Henry Croom
Jane Johnson)
(Wittgenstein)
(Hydro)
(Sillanpie)
(Wine)
Max Muller
(Goye)
mimic
Heat and Dust
Fire on the Mountain
(Baumgartner's Bombay)
(John Masters)
(Goa)
Feni
Confessiaons of an Indian Woman-eater
The Illustrated Weekly of India The New (The Spectator)
Statesman
(Vergin)
A House of Mr Biswas
Area of Darkness
Knighthood
Trinidad
Grove Press The Howl Allen Ginsberg
Barney Rosset
Joh Hazard
Peter Orlovsky
Satanic Verses -
Hatter Hali All About H. Hatterr
¼vKs;½
Agnon
Agyeya Agnon
-
The Telegraph Bachi Karkaria
-
The Golden Gate
A Suitable Boy
Indrani Aikath-Gyaltsen -
Daughters of the House
-
Cranes'
Morning
-
Hold My Hand I am Dying
-
Cranes' Morning
18,19
75 2014 85
82 18,19
32 1961
232177
251 2019 95
1961
1961 53-73 1961
32 177-232 1961
95 2007
1974 1976
1988
1858
2007
2007
1986 21
141 2015
1959 1959
71 2000
2001 13
217 2011
2001 2
716 2011
2005 16 10
2019 2018 2017 199716
27
152 2011
1984 5
2011 1994
1961
(Talk)
Connotation
Painkiller Painkiller
1407
The Message of the Quran
76-79
260
train
abstraction
processing data (abstraction)
I think there for I am ...
thought concern
21
Spectator Tetla
The Mohammadon nucleus Social Reform
1906
(76%)
1857—
1857
—
1927 20
1947 1945
1960 1947 1961
1979 1981-82
2007 21
1989 1984 1984 1967
6-7
1943
1947 (1)
1954 (2)
1966 (3)
1982 (4)
2007 (5)
1947
Imagery
2003 425
2 0 1 9 284-85 311
(1985) (2017) (2005)
33
Nexus
Recognise
910 2011 1956
1985 1984
W.B. YEATS
YEATS
72011
[ ]
]
[
1857
1857 1857
1847 1
2
1
130
1
1
1854 2
1852
2
2
1857
1840 (Ghostwriter)
3
1
4
(Source Language) (Target Language)
astrolabe 5
1
1857
2 1
2
1857
— —
1852
6 2
1947
1820 (David Ochterlony)
7
8
****
1847
1845
1838
18471845
1845
1856
1
1
2
Das Leben Und Die Lehre Des Mohammad
Bibliotheca Orientalis Sprengeriana 1851
9 Sprengeriana
10
18461845
1846
—
—
1857 2 1861
— —
—2 1 —
(Source Language) (Target Language)
"some (famous) famous poet"
some
1
1
2
2
1857
1857
1892
11
Twitter:@niksez
Syed Ahmad and His Two Books Called 'Asar-al-Sanadid' 1
2010 A note on an early topographical work of Sayyid Ahmad Khan: Asar 2
Christian W. Troll al-Sanadid
Shaikh Imam Bakhsh Sahba'i: Teacher, Scholar, Poet, and 3 The Delhi College Puzzle-master
2006 4
2012 5A note on an early topographical work of Sayyid Ahmad Khan: Asar 6
Christian W. Troll al-Sanadid
7
From Antiquary to Social Revolutionary: Syed Ahmad Khan and the 8 Colonial Experience
The Dr. Aloys Sprenger and the Delhi College 92006 Delhi College
tps://nuktacheen.blogspot.com/2018/04/sair-ul-manazil-review.html 10
From Antiquary to Social Revolutionary: Syed Ahmad Khan and the 11
Colonial Experience
Tulika Books, New Delhi2018 Asar-us-Sanadid
http://nuktacheen.blogspot.com/2019/04/syed-ahmad-khans-asar-us-sanadid-review.html
XLIII No.4 2019 The Book Review
http://thebookreviewindia.org/a-canonical-text-2/
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