Principles of Electrical EngineeringPrinciples of Electrical EngineeringElectric Power (/ Energy) systemsElectric Power (/ Energy) systems
Fall 2016Fall 2016
MohammadReza ZolghadriMohammadReza Zolghadri
Sharif University of TechnologySharif University of TechnologyDepartment of Electrical EngineeringDepartment of Electrical Engineering
Contents:
IntroductionHistoryElectric Power SystemFuture Electric Power SystemPower system courses
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Introduction:
What is the voltage used in your home?
What are the applications of electric power in your home?
What is the voltage of a battery?
What is the voltage in a car?
How is the electric power generated?
Where is the electric power generated?
How is it delivered to your home?
What should be its characteristics? How do they affect the applications?
Do the factories use the same voltage level as in the houses?
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Thomas Alva Edison Wall Street area in New York City 1878 (DC 220-110-0) for lighting
George Westinghouse Transformer and AC system 1886
Nicola Tesla induction machine 1888
Efficient power transmission needs higher voltage
Transformers in AC grids used to change voltage levels
Long distance power transmission
AC motor and Generators are simpler and more robust
AC Three phase is the best choice for transmission and applications
History:
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Electric Power System
GenerationTransmissionDistributionDemand/ Load
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Electric Power System
Iran Power System
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Electric Power System
Iran Power System
Generation capacity (MW)
Transmission network length (km)
Distribution network length (km)
73,000 121,000 397,000Average construction costs: 30,000 MIRR per MW 5,000 MIRR per km 400 MIRR per km
In 2014 Iran produced 274,609 GWh (what is the % of Generation capacity usage) (195,847 using gas, 59,493 using oil, 13,862 Hydro, 4,472 nuclear)In 2014 Iran consumed 221,411 GWh (industry 75,689, Residential 71,163, Agricultural 35,188, Comercial 35,171)
In 1394, national electric energy system experienced about 6% increment in demand, and peak load of the systems in summer 1395 reached 53,000 MW.
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Electric Power System
PlanningCapacity, Placement, Type, Configuration
Operation & ControlTechnical, Economical
ProtectionGenerator, Transformer, Substation & Line protections
ApparatusGenerators, Motors, Transformers, Lines, Circuit Breakers, Various Electric Loads, Protective Relays
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Eurasia Interconnected Electrics Systems:
Electric Power System
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Future Electric Power System
Recent Changes: Higher energy consumption
Higher energy prices
Environmental crisis
Increased electronic loads (DC consumption)
Solutions:Higher efficiency systems
Electrical energy market
Renewable energies
Distributed generation
AC-DC Grids
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Future Electric Power System
Renewable Energy Resources
Main Utility Grid
Micro Turbines (CHP)
Electric Vehicles
PCC
Batteries
Household appliances and electronics
PVEV
Flywheel
Power Electronics
PV
WT
IBS
DC Coupled Subsystem
PV
Distributed Generation
Hybrid micro grids
Smart grids
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Planning & OperationHuge no. of small generators
Uncertain resources
DC and AC micro-grids
Electronically coupled sources and loads
New ApparatusesControlled electric drives
Electronically coupled loads and generators
ProtectionMicro processor based relays to protect the new, more complex system
System Security and OptimalityPreserving system security and reliability
Efficient and Optimal energy system
Future Electric Power System
Redmulticultural 200713
Power System Courses:Electrical Energy Conversion 1, 2Transformers, electric motors and generators
Power Systems Analysis 1, 2Power system modeling and analysis, distribution systems
Industrial ElectronicsPower electronics devices and systems
Electrical Installations
Electric Energy Generation Systems
Power System Protection
Dielectrics and High Voltage
