1. GOODMORNING

2. PRINCIPLES OF ENDODONTICTREATMENTYASMIN MOIDIN2008 BATCHAL AZHAR DENTAL COLLEGETHODUPUZHA 3. CONTENTS INTRODUCTION RUBBER DAM ISOLATION COMPONENTS OF RUBBER DAM KIT TECHNIQUE OF RUBBER DAM APPLICATION STERILIZATION OF INSTRUMENTS STERILIZATION RECOMMENDATION COLD STERILIZATION GLASS BEAD STERILIZERS 4. INTRODUCTION The basic principles underlying the treatment ofteeth with endodontic problems are thoseunderlying surgery in general Cardinal principles of surgery Specifically, pain must be controlled if present During treatment, all pulp tissue must beremoved, the root canal enlarged and irrigated ,the canal surface rendered sterile as determinedby bacteriologic examination, and root canal well 5. RUBBER DAM ISOLATION Application of rubber dam is imperative toachieve a safe and aseptic operating techniquefor endodontic treatment All endodontic operations should be performedunder the rubber dam Introduced by Dr. S C Burman in the year 1864 6. Advantages Dry aseptic field Protects patients soft tissue from sodium hypochloriteirrigation and other caustic medicaments Prevention of aspirating endodontic instruments Access and visibility are improved Prevention of contamination of root canal with oralmicrobial flora 7. COMPONENTS OD RUBBER DAMKIT Rubber dam material Rubber dam clamps Rubber dam clamp carrying forceps Rubber dam punch Rubber dam frames Rubber dam templates Wedgets cord Dental silk floss Rubber dam napkin 8. TECHNIQUE OF RUBBER DAMAPPLICATION Application of rubber dam with high power suctionwhen used in conjunction with totally sterileinstruments may take care of infection control toagreater extent When a clamp is used on an anterior tooth, therubber dam should first be slipped over the tooth ,one should stretch th dam, over the toothbetween the thumb and the index finger of the lefthand, while the clamp is adjusted with the righthand In posterior teeth, the clamp is preferrablyinserted half way into the previously punchedhole on the rubber dam , amd the arms of theclamp are then spread apart with the fprceps 9. STERILIZATION OFINSTRUMENTS It is significant to ensure optimal patient care,eradication of existing infectious diseases andpreventing any new infections Endodontic instruments which are reusable haveto be autoclaved This should take the form of a clearly definedprocess os decontamination 10. DECONTAMINATION CYLCE It is a combination of processes includingcleaning, disinfection and sterilization , used tomake reusable surgical instruments safe forfurther use. The effective decontamination of reusablemedical devices is essential in reducing the risk oftransmission of infectious agents 11. Elements Use Cleaning disinfection Inspection Packaging Sterilization Storage 12. STERILIZATIONRECOMMENDATIONS It is preferable to protect the points of instrumentswith cotton in order to prevent bag perforation Sterilize instruments with hinges in an openposition Allow drying cycle to finish completely Instruments that have been bagged areconsidered sterilized for4 months if the bag isintact Store it in a dry and low traffic area 13. COLD STERILIZATION The cold sterilizing solution consists of phenol ,sodium tetraborate , glutaraldehyde and sodiumphenate , disinfects cleaned instruments in 10minutes at room temperature , kills aerobic sporeformers including Bacillus subtilis in 3 hours andachieves sterilization in 6.75 hours 14. GLASS BEAD STERILIZERS These sterilizers used to consists of either hotsalt or glass beads as a medium for dry heatsterilization . The temperature range employedwas between 425-475 degree F 15. Thank you !