PRINCIPLESOF

LEARNING

UNIT IIChapter 1

GROUP 1

“The ability to learn is the most significant

activity of man”

Acasio

What is meant by learning?

What are the principles of Learning?

What are the implications of learning to teaching?

Acasio

INTRODUCTION

1.Acquisition of a knowledge-base

2.Fluency3.Make sense of the world4.Solve problems5.Make decisions

Key words:

Acasio

Principles of Learning from Horne and Pine (1990)

1.Learning is an experience which occurs inside the learner and is activated by the learner.

Acasio

“No one directly teaches anyone anything of significance.”

2. Learning is the discovery of the personal meaning and relevance of ideas.

Barrameda

It is necessary that teacher relates lessons to the needs, interests and problems of the learners.

3. Learning (behavioral change) is a consequences of experience.

Barrameda

If experience is the best teacher, then teacher should make use of experiential learning. Experiential learning make use direct as well as vicarious experiences.

4. Learning is cooperative and collaborative process.

Buageña

5. Learning is an evolutionary process.

Agaton

Behavioral change requires time and patience

6. Learning is sometimes a painful process.

Agapito

7. One of the richest resources for learning is the learner himself.

Avila

8. The Process of Learning is Emotional as Well as Intellectual.

Batadlan

Learning is affected by the total state of the

individual

People are feeling beings as well as thinking beings• When their feelings and

thoughts are in harmony, learning is maximized

To create the optimal conditions in a group for learning to occur, people

must come before purpose

Regardless of the purpose of a group , it cannot be

effectively accomplished when other things get in the

way.

Barriers to communication exist in people• Before we can conduct “official

business”, we need to work with the people problems that may exist in a group.

To maximize the acquisition and internalization of ideas , it seems reasonable that the people problems would have

to be dealt with first.

9. The process of problem solving and learning are highly unique and individual.

Barreto

Thorndike’sLaws of Learning:

Thorndike’s Laws of Learning:

Balinquit

1.) Law of Readiness: First primary law of learning, according to him, is the ‘Law of Readiness’ or the ‘Law of Action Tendency’, which means that learning takes place when an action tendency is aroused through preparatory adjustment, set or attitude.2) The ‘Law of Exercise’, therefore, is also understood as the ‘Law of Use and Disuse’ in which case connections or bonds made in the brain cortex are weakened or loosened. Many examples of this case are found in case of human learning. Learning to drive a motor-car, typewriting, singing or memorizing a poem or a mathematical table, and music etc. need exercise and repetition of various movements and actions many times.

3) Law of Effect:The third law is the ‘Law of Effect’, according to which the trial or steps leading to satisfaction stamps in the bond or connection.

Thorndike’s Laws of Learning:

4) Law of Multiple – Response:According to it the organism varies or changes its response till an appropriate behavior is hit upon. Without varying the responses, the correspondence for the solution might never be elicited.

Balinquit

Thorndike’s Laws of Learning:

5) The Law of Set or Attitude:Learning is guided by a total set or attitude of the organism, which determines not only what the person will do but what will satisfy or annoy him.

6) Pre- potency of Elements: According to this law, the learner reacts selectively to the important or essential in the situation and neglects the other features or elements which may be irrelevant or non- essential. The ability to deal with the essential or the relevant part of the situation makes analytical and insightful learning possible.

Balinquit

Thorndike’s Laws of Learning:

7) Law of Response by Analogy:According to this law, the individual makes use of old experiences or acquisitions while learning a new situation. There is a tendency to utilize common elements in the new situation as existed in a similar past situation. 

8) The Law of Associative Shifting:According to this law we may get a response, of which a learner is capable, associated with any other situation to which he is sensitive.

Balinquit