UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABORFRANCES PERKINS, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICSISADOR LUBIN, Commissioner
BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES 1 ...................XT CflCBUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS / HO. DJfD
P R I S O N L A B O R S E R I E S
PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES
1932PREPARED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF
HERMAN B. BYER
AUGUST 1933
UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
WASHINGTON s 1933
For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D.C. Price 15 cents
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ContentsPage
Letter of transmittal__________________________________________________ vSummary_____________________________________________________________ 1
Federal and State prisons_________________________________________ 1County and city jails_____________________________________________ 2Selection of work for prisoners_____________________________________ 3
State and Federal prisons______________________________________________ 3Proportion of inmates employed at productive labor________________ 5Employment and production, 1923 and 1932_______________________ 6Work distribution of prisoners_____________________________________ 9Hours of labor____________________________________________________ 11Kind and value of articles produced_______________________________ 13Sex of prisoners___________________________________________________ 20Employment of prisoners on public works and ways________________ 22Disposal of goods produced by prisoners___________________________ 25Contract systems_________________________________________________ 32Compensation to prisoners________________________________________ 35
State prisons_________________________________________________ 35Federal prisons_______________________________________________ 41
General table_____________________________________________________ 42Index of products in State and Federal prisons_____________________ 198
County and city jails__________________ ________________________________ 204Arguments and opinions for and against prison labor___________________ 208
Arguments presented by Amercian ^Prison Association and OsborneAssociation, Inc________________________________________________ 209
Attitude of organized labor________________________________________ 210Statements of prison officials______________________________________ 210
in
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Letter of Transmittal
U n it e d St a t e s D e p a r t m e n t of L a b o r ,B u r e a u of L a b o r St a t ist ic s ,
Washington, July 22, 1983.M adam S e c r e ta r y : I have the honor to transmit herewith a re
port giving the results of a survey of the extent and character of prison labor in the United States in 1932. This survey was in continuation of the series of surveys of the subject of prison labor made by the Bureau at intervals of 9 or 10 years since 1885. The 1932 survey was considerably broader in scope than the earlier ones, city and county jails being included as well as Federal and State prisons.
The information contained in the current report is of particular timeliness in view of the added interest in prison labor at the present time, as a result of the fact that the so-called Hawes-Cooper Act, which divests prison-made goods of interstate character, becomes effective in 1934.
Respectfully submitted.Isa d o r L u bin , Commissioner.
H o n . F r an c es P e r k in s ,Secretary of Labor.
▼
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BULLETIN OF THE
U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICSNO. 595 WASHINGTON AUGUST 1933
PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES, 1932Summary
Surveys of the extent and character of prison labor in the United States have been made by the Bureau of Labor Statistics at intervals of about 9 or 10 years since 1885. The latest survey, dealing with conditions in the year 1932, was conducted along lines similar to those of previous surveys, but was extended in scope to cover not only Federal and State prisons but also city and county jails. It was found, however, that while the city and county jails were important as regards numbers of prisoners, they were of minor importance as producers of commodities. For this reason, the present report deals primarilv with Federal and State institutions.
The principal findings of the 1932 survey are, briefly, as follows:
Federal and State PrisonsNumber of prisons and 'prisoners.—In 1932 there were in the United
States 12 Federal prisons and 114 strictly State prisons. In addition,1 county prison (the New Castle County Workhouse, Delaware) and1 city prison (the Detroit House of Correction) have keen included in this report under State prisons, as, by arrangement with their respective States, the 2 institutions house State prisoners.
In these 12 Federal and 116 State prisons there were confined during the year 1932, 158,947 persons, as against 84,761 in 1923.1 This represents an increase of 87 percent during the 9-year period, as against an increase of only about 12 percent in the general population.
Prisoners employed at productive work.—The number of prisoners employed at productive work of various kinds increased from 51,799 in 1923 to 82,276 in 1932, but the proportion of total prisoners productively employed continued the decline which had begun many years ago. Thus, while in 1885, 75 percent of all prispners were employed at productive work, by 1895 this had declined to 72 percent, by 1923 to 61 percent, and by 1932 to 52 percent, or barely one half of the prisoners confined.
The fact that such a large proportion of the prisoners were not engaged in productive labor does not necessarily mean, of course, that they were not kept at work Most of them (52,986, or 33 percent of the
i The year of the Bureau’s latest previous study (Bui. No, 372). For other reports of the Bureau on this subject, see Second Annual Report of Commissioner of Labor (1885); Bui. No. 5 of Department of Labor (1896); Twentieth Annual Beport of Commissioner of Labor (1905); and S.Doc. No. 494,63d Cong., 2d sess., 1914.
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total in 1932) were engaged in various prison duties. The remainder were reported as either sick (6,658, or 4 percent of the total) or as idle (17,027, or 11 percent of the total).
Character of productive work.—The productive work of the prisoners in the Federal and State prisons is carried on under several systems. Of particular interest is the distinction between the so-called State-use system, under which all the products are used in public institutions and none are sold in the general market, and those other systems in which prison products are offered for sale and thus come into competition, more or less, with the products of “ free” industry and labor.
The 1932 survey showed a continued increase in the State-use system, at the expense of the other systems. Thus, in 1905, only 26 percent of all productive labor in Federal and State prisons was under the State-use system; in 1914 this percentage had grown to 33 and in 1923 to 55, while in 1932 it was found that no less than 65 percent were working under the State-use system.
The lease system, i.e., the system of leasing out convicts to private employers at so much per head, has apparently disappeared from practice. No instances of its use were found in either the 1923 or the 1932 survey, although in earlier surveys it was found to be quite frequent.
Character and value of prison-labor products.—The total value of the products resulting from the labor oi the 82,276 State and Federal prisoners employed at productive work was approximately $75,000,- 000 in 1932, as against $76,000,000 in 1923. This decrease in value was, however, purely nominal, due to the general decline in wholesale prices. If allowance is made for this factor, it appears that the actual output of prison-made products was considerably greater in 1932 than in 1923.
The manufacture of clothing of various kinds gave employment to the largest number of prisoners—approximately 19,000, or 23 percent of all prisoners productively employed. More than 22,000,000 shirts, having a value of over $8,000,000, were thus produced during the year 1932. Binder twine, with a total value of some $4,000,000 in 1932, was a very important item, and it is also of interest to note that some 36,000,000 automobile license tags were made in 1932 by prison labor.
Working conditions of prison laborers.—Of the prisoners employed at productive labor in 1932, 1.3 percent had nominal working hours of less than 24 per week, 55.2 percent worked 44 hours or less per week, while 21.8 percent worked 60 hours or over per week.
Of the 116 State prisons, 66 paid money compensation to all or part of the inmates, 48 paid no compensation of any kind, and 2 allowed credit on the sentences for prisoners doing certain classes of work. Of the 12 Federal institutions, 7 paid wages to prisoners for work done, and 5 did not. In most of the institutions the pay was nominal, generally ranging from 2 cents to not more than 15 cents per day, although in a few prisons the scales were considerably higher.
County and City Jails
The Bureau’s survey of county and city prisons covered all of the 92 cities of more than 100,000 population and 2,721 (or 88.6 percent) of the 3,072 counties in the United States,
2 PRISON LABOR IN UNITED STATES, 1932
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In the 2,721 county jails 44,014 prisoners were confined in 1932. Of this number, 70.4 percent were engaged in ordinary prison duties or were sick or idle; 18.8 percent were engaged in road work; 5.4 percent in farm and dairy work; and 5.4 percent in other productive work.
The city jails surveyed housed 11,446 prisoners. Of this number,68.2 percent were engaged at ordinary prison duties or were sick or idle; 5.3 percent were on road work; 7.9 percent at farm and dairy work; and 18.6 percent at other productive work.
The great majority of the county and city jails were either not engaged in manufacturing activities or were producing on a very limited scale; no effort was made, therefore, to secure detailed data on this point from all such institutions. In the case of 13 city and county jails, however, manufacturing was being carried on on such an extensive scale that special inquiry was made regarding the character and value of the products. The total value of all products made in 12 of these prisons during the year was $567,619, of which 86.7 percent was to be sold and 13.3 percent to be used by various public institutions. The principal products were brushes, brooms, and wire goods.
Selection of Work for PrisonersThere is general agreement that regular work is beneficial to pris
oners. There is, however, strong opposition to the sale of prison- made goods in the open market, on the ground that this practice constitutes a form of unfair competition. This opposition led, in 1929, to the passage of the so-called Hawes-Cooper Act, which divests prison-made goods of interstate character and thus enables a State to prohibit within its borders the sale of prison-made goods from other States. This act becomes effective in 1934. It was the general opinion of the prison officials who expressed themselves in the matter that this act would probably result, in most States, in the restriction of prison labor exclusively to the State-use system.
State and Federal PrisonsThe survey covered 116 State and 12 Federal institutions. Of the
116 State institutions, the data for 74 covered the year ending June30, 1932; for 10, the year ending September 30, 1932; for 9, the year ending December 31, 1931; for 9, the year ending December 31, 1932; for 5, the year ending November 30, 1931; for 5, the year ending May31, 1932; for 2, the year ending November 30, 1932; for 1, the period from the opening of the institution on January 4, 1932, to December 22, 1932; and for 1, the year ending January 31, 1933. Of the 12 Federal prisons, data were reported for 11 institutions for the year ending June 30, 1932, and for 1 for the year ending November 30, 1932. In the main the information was obtained by agents of the Bureau from the records of the institutions, but as regards goods produced under the contract and piece-price system data were also obtained from the records of the contractor manufacturing the goods. Excellent cooperation was received by the Bureau from the officials of all Federal and State institutions and representatives of all firms having contracts.
In these 128 Federal and State institutions, 82,276 prisoners were engaged in productive labor, and the value of their products was $75,369,471. This number does not include prisoners assigned to
STATE AND FEDERAL PRISONS 3
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ordinary prison duties—that is, such duties as cooking and washing for prisoners, cleaning cells, etc.
The value of goods as reported includes an indefinite amount of duplication. For example, corn is reported under farm products. Part of this com is fed to the hogs, and the value of the hogs is also shown in the tables. Under the accounting system in effect in most of these institutions it was impossible to prevent this duplication.
All goods in State and Federal institutions were produced under one or more of the five following systems: Contract, piece-price, State- account, State-use, public works and ways. No prisoners were found working under the lease system. Following are the definitions of the several systems.
Contract system.—Under this system an outside contractor contracts with the institution for the labor of the prisoners at a stipulated amount per capita per day. The State assumes no risk of loss, as the contractor furnishes his own raw materials and generally provides his own foremen, inspectors, machinery, and tools. The institution, however, houses, feeds, clothes, and guards the prisoners, and sometimes supervises their work.
Piece-price system.—This system is nearly the same as the contract system, the only' difference being that under the piece-price system the contractor, mstead of paying a stated amount per day, contracts with the institution for the labor of the prisoners at an agreed price per unit of output. The contractor generally furnishes the machinery and tools, and also provides for the supervision and inspection of the prisoners while working.
State-account system.—Under this system the institution carries on the productive enterprise and disposes of the product on the general market and in competition with the goods produced by free labor. The institution assumes all the business risks. If the business is one of manufacturing, the institution buys the raw material and sells the finished product in the same way as would be done by any manufacturing concern, except that it may retain part of the product for use in the prison. Thus, in the manufacture of shirts, part of the garments are used by the inmates of the institution and the remainder are sold in the open market under the State-account plan. The goods may be sold to individual customers or to a contractor who takes the entire output. Such a contractor must not be confused, however, with the contractor who hires work done by the prisoners. The institution under this system houses, feeds, clothes, and guards the prisoners, and directs and supervises their work.
In the past the State-account system often has been designated as the “ public account” system.
State-use system.—Under this system, also, the institution carries on the business of production; use or sale of the goods produced is, however, limited to the institution in which they were produced or to other State or Federal institutions. Such other State institutions may be under the control of the same or other States or of any of their subdivisions. The purpose of this restricted-sale principle is, of course, to make the prison product available to public institutions while avoiding direct competition with free-labor products. Under the State-use plan the institutions also house, feed, clothe, guard, direct, and supervise the prisoners.
4 PRISON LABOR IN UNITED STATES, 1932
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Public works and ways system.—This system is the same in effect as the State-use system, the only difference being the character of the thing produced. The public works and ways system applies not to consumption goods, but to the construction and repair of prison buildings, other public buildings, roads, parks, and bridges, and to the work of flood control, reforestation, clearing land, etc.
Lease system.—No prisoners were found working under the lease system in 1923 or in 1932, and it seems to have entirely disappeared from both State and Federal prisons. Under the lease system the State enters into a contract with the lessee, who agrees to receive the prisoners, paying the State a specific amount per man per day; generally also he feeds, clothes, houses, and guards the prisoners while employed. The State reserves the right to make rules for the care of the prisoners and to inspect their quarters and place of work.
Proportion of Inmates Employed at Productive LaborThe Bureau of Labor Statistics previous to the 1932 study had
made surveys of prison labor covering the years 1885, 1895, 1905, 1914, and 1923.
Table 1 shows the percent the prisoners employed at productive labor formed of all prisoners, and, of the prisoners working at productive labor, the percent employed under the different systems in each specified year.
STATE AND FEDERAL PRISONS 5
T ab le 1.— Percent of prisoners employed at productive labor under differentsystems in specified years
System 1885 1895 1905 1914 1923 1932
Prisoners employed at productive labor under—Lease system____________________________ ____ - 26 19 9 4 0 0Contract system________________________ ______ 40 34 36 26 12 5Piece-price system_____________ _______________ 8
114 8 6 7 11
State-account system......................... ..................... f 21 31 26 19State-use system______________________ ____ __ V 126 133 22 36 42Public works and ways system______________-__ 1 8 U 19 23
Total________________________ -__ ____ ____ __ 100 100 100 # 100 100 100Percent of all prisoners_____________________ __ 75 72 65 " (*> 61 52
i No separation made of State account, State use, and public works and ways system in this year. 1 Not reported.
The table shows the growing use of the State-use system as compared with the contract, piece-price, and State account systems. In 1905 only 26 percent of the prisoners were employed at productive labor under the two State-use systems (State-use and public works and ways). The other 74 percent were working under the four State-account systems (State-account, piece-price, contract, and lease). In the 1914 survey the proportion of prisoners working under the State-use systems had risen to 33 and in 1923 to 55 percent. In 1932, 65 percent of all prisoners engaged in productive labor were working under the State-use systems, as compared with 35 working under the State- account systems.
Goods produced under the State-use and under the public works and ways systems are both in effect State-use systems, in that such goods do not enter public competition. Goods produced under the State
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account system, the contract system, the piece-price system, and the lease system all enter into competition with free labor, and in that sense all are State-account systems.
There has been a marked decrease in the number of prisoners employed at productive labor. In 1885, 75 percent of all prisoners incarcerated in Federal and State institutions were working at productive labor. By 1932, however, the proportion had fallen to 52 percent.
Employment and Production, 1923 and 1932Table 2 shows the number of prisoners employed at productive
labor and the value of production in both Federal and State institutions in 1932 as compared with 1923.
6 PRISON LABOR IN UNITED STATES, 1932
T a b l e %.— Number of prisoners employed and amount and percent of value of articles produced under specified systems in State and Federal prisons in 1928 and 1932
System
Average number of piisoners employed at productive labor
Value of articles produced
Amount Percent
1923 1 1932 2 1923 1 1932 2 1923 1 1932 2
State use................. .....................- ......... .Public works and ways...........................State account____ ___________ ________Piece price................................................Contract ------------ ---------------- ------
Total......... .....................................
18,850 9,763
13,526 3,577 6,083
34,894 18,697 15,249 9,081 4,355
$13,753,201 15,331,545 16,421,878 12,340,986 18,249,350
$21,260,411 25,159,152 12,367,646 10,522,200 6,060,062
18.120.121.616.224.0
28.233.416.4 14.08.0
51,799 82, 276 76,096,960 75,369,471 100.0 100.0
1 Year covered ends as follows: State institutions—for 58, June 30,1923; for 12, Nov. 30,1922; for 9, Dec. 31, 1923; for 7, Sept. 30,1922; for 6, June 30,1922; for 4, May 31,1923; for 4, Sept. 30,1923; and for 1, Jan. 31, 1923. Federal institutions—for 3, June 30, 1923.
2 Year covered ends as follows: State institutions—for 74, June 30,1932; for 10, Sept. 30,1932; for 9, Dec. 31, 1931; for 9, Dec. 31,1932; for 5, Nov. 30,1931; for 5, May 31,1932; for 2, Nov. 30,1932; for 1, Jan. 31,1933; and for 1, period from Jan. 4, 1932, to Dec. 22, 1932. Federal institutions—for 11, June 30, 1932; and for 1, Nov. 30, 1932.
In 1923, in the 104 State and Federal institutions surveyed, there were 51,799 prisoners employed at productive labor. The value of their products was $76,096,960.
In 1932, in the 128 State and Federal institutions in which the study was made, 82,276 prisoners were employed at productive labor, and the value of their products was $75,369,471.
It should be borne in mind that the purchasing power of the dollar was much higher in 1932 than in 1923—in other words, that prices were much lower in 1932 than in 1923. If, therefore, the 1932 value were adjusted in accordance with the purchasing power of the dollar in 1923, as shown by the Bureau of Labor Statistics index number of wholesale prices, the value of the 1932 product would be $111,169,969.
The value of the goods produced under the State-use system rose from 18.1 percent o f the total in 1923 to 28.2 percent in 1932. An increased proportion of the value of the goods produced under the public works and ways system was also shown in 1932. The proportion produced under the State-account, piece-price, and contract systems, however, was smaller in 1932 than in 1923.
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Table 3 shows, for State and Federal institutions separately, the number of prisoners employed at productive labor and the value of prison production in 1923 and 1932, by groups of commodities.
STATE AND FEDERAL PRISONS 7
T a b le 3 .— Number of prisoners employed at productive labor and value of goods produced in State and Federal institutionst 1923 and 1982, by commodity groups
Class of prison and group of commodities produced
Average number of prisoners employed at productive labor
Value of goods produced
1923 1 1932 2 19231 1932 *
State prisons:Agricultural implements.... ........................ ........ 163.0 147.6 $236,765 $485,066
87,600 35,577 57,546
897,948
Agricultural implements, parts..... ..................... 25.3Bakery products, commercial......... ................. 4.0 25.7 .......... 15,“454"
36,234 1,816,189 1,527,788
28,970,139 4,105,424
29,040 15,295,076 5,693, 630 3,030,096
213,210 316,940 103,460
Baskets......................... ................... ......... ......... 100.0 209.6Brooms, brushes, and mops................................ 575.0 671.0Clay, cement, and stone products.................... . 2.411.0
10,656.01.965.0
2.0
5,145.1 1,575,222 21,044,782
312,018 59,974
23,583,052 6,475,079 2,784,257
123,918 30,210
267,188 469,616 90,561
231,989 3,006.423
Clothing....... ......................... .......... „ „,.......... . 19,029.7 1,057.0
6.0Coal mining,_ , , , ___ _________ ________Collee roasting.................... ........................ ........Construction..................... .............................. 9.077.0
11,858.03.208.0
93.0
16,471.4 17,991.8 3,976.7
51.5Farm, garden, and dairy............... ....................Furniture and furnishings____ ______________Harness, pieces___________________________Harness, sets.______________________________ 235.0 21.8Highway markers__________________________ 54.0 207.4Land development_________________________ 999.6Laundry, commercial........................................ 32.0 203.1 .......... 27,"567"
914,887 2,146,230
324,254 434,118
Lumber and timber products........................... . 348.0 340.1Metal products....................................... ............ 1,113.0 2,136.1
957.6Printing and binding___ _____ ______________ 521.0 673,435 122,633 135,666 179,566
8,059,910 70,691 43,782
346,318 56,004
Repair and shop work_________ ____ _________ 845.0 315.4Soap and soap powder.............................. ......... 58.0 61.2 115,601Sugar........................................ ........................... 124.0Textiles and textile products............................. 4, 793. 0
22.06,511.1 8,098,086
14,069 63,200 81,416 60,000
Toys................. ................................................... 146.8Whips......................... ......... .............................. 83.0 31.0Other manufactured products_______________ 108.0 302.2Miscellaneous labor only____________________ 12.0 101.2
Total........ .............. .......................................... 48,336.0 77,267.0 73,668,879 71,306,061Federal prisons:
Bakery products, commercial________________ 10.0 12,622 283,081 34,252
797,491 1,064,745
306,290 20,274 41,740
Brooms, brushes, and moDS_________________ 6.0 155.0 2,396 9,372
186,436 130,001
Clay, cement, and stone products.................... 45.0 134.0Clothing________________ _________________ 254.0 1,039.1
1,034.0980.0
Construction.................. ......... ................... ........ 762.0Farm, garden, and dairv____________________ 298.0 137,939Furniture and furnishings___________________ 16.0 49.3 7,932Land development_________________________ 192.0Laundry, commercial . 138.0 113,945
13,230 54,365 16,077
Lumber and tiraber products____ ___ 26.0Printing and binding............. ......... ................. 33.0 82.0 6,369Repair and shop work______________________ 338.0 61.0 204,515Textiles and textile products....... ...................... 1,683.0 969.6 1,718,304 1,201.548
54,306 49,444
Other manufactured products 50.0Miscellaneous labor only_____________ _______ 28.0 89.0 24,817
Total__________ _________________________ 3,463.0 5,009.0 2,428,081 4,063,410Grand total______________________________ 51,799.0 82,276.0 76,096,960 75,369,471
* For enumeration of year periods covered, see footnote 1, table 2. 1 For enumeration of year periods covered, see footnote 2, table 2.
The 1923 survey showed that there were 48,336 prisoners engaged at productive labor in State institutions, and the value of the goods produced by these prisoners was $73,668,879. The 1932 survey shows 77,267 prisoners producing goods valued at $71,306,061.
In 1923 more prisoners in State institutions were worldng at farm, garden, and dairy work than any other class of production, although clothing manufacture was not far behind. These two classes of work
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occupied 11,858 and 10,656 prisoners, respectively, in that year. In 1932 the production of clothing engaged the largest number of prisoners— 19,030—while 17,992 were in farm, garden, and dairy work. In 1923 the value of the clothing manufactured was greater than that of any other product, while in 1932 construction work held first place as regards value.
A number of products showed a much higher dollar value in 1932 than in 1923. Among these were agricultural implements, construction work, farm, garden and dairy products, highway markers, metal products, and printing and binding. Other products showed a decided decrease in dollar value, comparing 1932 with 1923. Among the commodities of this class were brooms, brushes, and mops, clothing, coal mining, furniture and furnishings, and lumber and timber products.
Federal prisons in 1923 had 3,463 prisoners engaged at productive labor, and the value of the goods produced for that year was $2,428,081. In 1932 there were 5,009 prisoners in Federal penal institutions, producing goods valued at $4,063,410. Textiles and textile products accounted for the largest dollar valuation of any class of goods produced in the Federal prisons in both 1923 and 1932. Large increases in dollar value were shown from 1923 to 1932 in the production of clothing, construction work, and farm, garden, and dairy products. Repair and shop work and textiles and textile products were the only classes of work showing a lower dollar value m 1932 than in 1923.
Table 4 shows, by States, the number of prisoners and the value of prison products in 1932, as compared with 1923, in State and Federal institutions.
8 PRISON LABOR IN UNITED STATES, 1932
T a b le 4 .— Number of prisoners and value of prison products in State and Federal institutions, 1923 and 1932, by States
Class of prisons, and States
Average number of prisoners
Average number of prisoners employed at productive labor
Value of articles produced
19231 19321 19231 19323 19231 1932*
State prisons:Alabama......................................... 2,988 4,837 2,553 3,763 $6,153,387 $5,525,751Arizona........................................... 383 591 56 225 69,573 262,116Arkansas......................................... 1,295 1,425 1,053 867 . 300,623 232,409California........................................ 3,841 7,675 2,541 4,394 1,463,332 2,651,567Colorado......................................... 1,003 1,369 795 354 922,378 137,187Connecticut....................... ............ 916 1,378 528 738 2,421,119 698,804Delaware......................................... 350 527 245 312 431,661 226,018District of Columbia...................... 539 1,580 220 676 297,479 712,020Florida........ ................................... 1,426 2,786 1,028 1,739 2,199,796 2,205,647Georgia........................................... 3,822 4,197 3,698 3,328 5,084,188 4,962,727Idaho............................................. 280 307 42 203 20,045 198,613Illinois............................................. 4,450 10,453 2,531 4,577 1,320,687 2,030,032Indiana........................................... 2,946 6,309
2,9041,369 3,780 1,702, 369 2,233,989
Iowa............................................... 1,851 1,400 1,988 2,051,389 2,721,769Kansas..... ....................................... 1,225 2,731 881 1,326 807,453 657,364Kentucky........................................ 2,043 3,575 1,695 2,407 6,961,220 3,115,445Louisiana........................................ 1,596 2,782 1, no 1,644 257,992 979,230Maine............................................. 338 515 278 152 454,154 33,435Maryland........................................ 1,495 2,586 1,212 1,341 2,771,143 2,099,867Massachusetts................................ 1,964 3,586 966 1,781 1,161,921 2,002,267Michigan 3...................................... 3,381 9,735 2,110 4,164 3,637,829 4,203,736Minnesota....................................... 1,488 2,449 875 1,321 2,664,253 2,989,332Mississippi...................................... 1,572 2,104 1,252 1,370 779,571 393, 663
* For enumeration of year periods covered, see footnote 1, table 2.* For enumeration of year periods covered, see footnote 2, table 2.9 Includes the Detroit House of Correction, in existence but not studied in 1923.
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STATE AND FEDERAL PRISONS 9T a b le 4 .— Number of prisoners and value •/ prison products in State and Federal
institutions, 1923 and 1982, by States— Continued
Class of prisons, and States
Average number of prisoners
Average number of prisoners employed at productive labor
Value of articles produced
1923 1932 1923 1932 1923 1932
State prisons—ContinuedMissouri.......................................... 2,828 4,981 1,813 2,222 $4,426,097 $3,103,964Montana........................................ 340 615 119 107 71,874 194,853Nebraska........................................ 805 1,212 627 830 677,947 866,226Nevada.................... *..................... 147 255 30 74 22,769 71,473New Hampshire............................. 138 179 100 140 218,000 186,577New Jersey........................ .......... 1,850 3,349 503 1,421 409,363 1,210,588New Mexico................................... 399 560 193 263 37,175 59,217New York....................................... 6,512 11,485 2,395 4,321 1,789,397 3,780,581North Carolina............................... 1,102 2,877 935 1,834 1,638,233 805,211North Dakota................................ 220 417 122 197 374,448 436,967Ohio................................................ 4,128 8,941 1,751 3,886 1,323,291 2,290,190Oklahoma....................................... 2,051 4,117 1,271 2,064 1,940,751 979,592Oregon............................................. 424 851 163 352 129,402 265,301Pennsylvania.................................. 4,336 6,314 987 2,148 1,148,163 2,492,075Bhode Island.................................. 570 657 329 421 1,458,471 464,788South Carolina............................... 537 1,142 452 459 381,302 393,797South Dakota................................. 309 524 232 405 267, 731 528,415Tennessee........................................ 1,691 2,941 1,359 2,063 2,120,055 1,609,161Texas............................................... 3,474 5,550 2,749 4,462 925,291 1,371,572Utah................................................ 188 312 39 37 86,847 16,573Vermont.......................................... 344 430 243 266 615,280 291,816Virginia........................................... 1,439 3,719 857 2,944 2,303,610 3,828,290Washington.................................... 1,094 1,976 302 566 215,604 368,684West Virginia................................. 1,645 2,642 1,281 1,555 2,879,329 2,592,545Wisconsin....................................... 1,188 2,554 782 1,502 2,558, 562 1,565,052Wyoming........................................ 399 420 264 278 1,716,325 259,565
Total............................................ 79,350 145,421 48,336 77,267 73,668,879 71,306,061Federal prisons:
Georgia (Atlanta)........................... 2,479 3,526 2,066 1,626 1,992, 779 1,566,898Kansas (Leavenworth).................. 2,454 3,229 1,270 1,032 283,943 932,936Washington (McNeil Island)........ 478 943 127 285 151,359 410,3519 prisons not covered in 1923_____ 5,828 2,066 1,153,225
Total................ ...... ..................... 5,411 13,526 3,463 5,009 2,428,081 4,063,410Grand total....... - ........................ 84,761 158,947 51,799 82,276 76,096,960 75,369,471
In 1923 there were 84,761 prisoners incarcerated in State and Federal institutions, as compared with 158,947 in 1932. From 1923 to 1932, there was an increase in number of prisoners confined in State and Federal institutions in every State in the Union. The number engaged at productive labor, however, showed decreases in Arkansas, Colorado, Georgia, Maine, Montana, and Utah. New York had the largest number of prisoners confined in 1932, but Illinois had the largest number engaged in productive labor. The largest proportion of prisoners engaged in productive labor occurred in Texas. In that State over 80 percent of the prisoners confined in 1932 were engaged in producing goods.
The dollar value of the goods produced by prison labor in Alabama during 1932 was greater than the dollar value of goods produced in the State penal institutions in any other State during that year.
Work Distribution of PrisonersTable 5 shows the number of prisoners confined in both Federal
and State penal institutions in 1932, the average number employed at productive labor, engaged in ordinary prison duties, sick, and idle, during that year, and the number of prisoners at productive labor under each system, by States.
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10 PRISON LABOR IN UNITED STATES, 1932
T a b l e 5 .— Number of prisoners and average number employed under various systems of productive labor in State and Federal prisons in 1982.
Average number of prisoners during year—
Average number of prisoners at productive labor under specified system
Class of prison, and State
Employed at productive labor
Engaged in prison du
tiesSick Idle Total State
usePublicworksand
waysState
accountPieceprice
Contract
State prisons:Alabama................. 3,763 837 237 0 4,837 894 1,174 968 727 0Arizona................... 225 303 25 38 591 110 74 41 0 0Arkansas................ 867 493 65 0 1,425 142 0 725 0 0California............... 4,394 2,967 227 87 7,675 1,850 1,401 1,143 0 0Colorado................. 354 935 45 35 1,367 293 45 16 0 0Connecticut............ 738 554 79 7 1,378 265 28 38 407 0Delaware-.............. 312 190 10 15 527 56 38 12 206 0District of Colum
bia....................... 676 823 81 0 1,580 476 200 0 0 0Florida.-............... • 1,739 920 127 0 2,786 453 1,010 13 263 0Georgia................... 3,328 661 208 0 4,197 210 3,118 0 0 0Idaho...................... 203 87 11 6 307 33 1 3 166 0Illinois.................... 4,577 3,905 185 11,786 10,453 2,820 1,380 377 0 0Indiana................... 3,780
1,9882,054 301 174 6,309 1,110 565 483 1,622 0
Iowa....................... 739 33 144 2,904 658 210 366 754 0Kansas.................... 1,326 1,083 158 2164 2,731 1,041 47 238 0 0Kentucky............... 2,407 608 109 451 8,575 126 0 1 1,185 1,095Louisiana............... 1,644 1,037 101 0 2,782 809 506 329 0 0M aine--................. 152 217 9 137 515 114 0 38 0 0Maryland............... 1,341 374 167 704 2,586 182 78 22 210 849Massachusetts____ 1,781 1,480 246 79 3,586 1,440 188 153 0 0Michigan................ 4,164 2,430 372 2,769 9,735 1,303 739 2,122 0 0Minnesota___ 1,321 564 91 8 473 2,449 372 66 883 0 0Mississippi.............Missouri.................
1,370 651 83 0 2,104 334 59 977 0 02,222 1,111 125 ‘ 1,523 4,981 621 288 1,136 177 0
Montana................. 107 139 3 366 615 85 14 8 0 0Nebraska................ 830 282 42 58 1,212 142 62 37 583 6Nevada................. 74 81 4 96 255 64 8 2 0 0New Hampshire... 140 36 0 3 179 0 0 0 0 140New Jersey............ 1,421 1,254 72 * 602 3,349 1,199 222 0 0 0New Mexico______ 263 218 30 49 560 106 32 125 0 0New York.............. 4,321 4,914 332 «1,918 11,485 2,941 1,380 0 0 0North Carolina___ 1,834 560 133 350 2,877 712 429 425 0 268North Dakota____ 197 87 23 110 417 71 15 111 0 0Ohio....................... 3,886 3,177 848 1,030 8,941 3,623 263 0 0 0Oklahoma. ............ 2,064 1,981 72 0 4,117 371 20 723 950 0Oregon.................... 352 436 38 25 851 143 30 179 0 0Pennsylvania......... 2,148 2,972 219 975 6,314 1,117 955 76 0 0Rhode Island......... 421 170 39 27 657 71 43 1 306 0South Carolina 459 195 185 303 1,142 162 50 59 0 188South Dakota_____ 405 78 9 32 524 218 12 175 0 0Tennessee________ 2,063 604 225 49 2,941 443 0 377 0 1,243Texas...................... 4,462 1,015 73 0 5,550 2,186 140 2,136 0 0Utah....................... 37 79 20 176 312 35 0 2 0 0Vermont................. 266 134 4 26 430 50 0 41 175 0Virginia.................. 2,944 666 109 0 3,719 303 1,757 187 477 220Washington............ 566 793 39 ? 578 1,976 494 48 24 0 0West Virginia......... 1,555 388 139 560 2,642 131 629 0 658 137Wisconsin............... 1,502
278581 101 370 2,554 747 142 361 43 209
Wyoming............... 99 15 «28 420 64 5 37 172 0Total................... 77,267 45,962 5,869 16,323 145,421 31,190 17,471 15,170 9,081 4,355
Federal prisons:California............... 199 304 26 0 529 109 49 51 0 0Georgia................... 1,626 1,385 265 250 3,526 1,485 141 0 0 0Kansas.................... 1,440 2,994 257 302 4,993 1,290 150 0 0 0New Hampshire... 134 155 12 0 301 134 0 0 0 0Ohio....................... 666 769 42 148 1,625 202 464 0 0 0South Carolina____ 40 104 3 0 147 14 0 26 0 0Virginia.................. 458 494 68 0 1,020 225 231 2 0 0Washington............West Virginia.........
285 597 57 4 943 84 201 0 0 0161 222 59 0 442 161 0 0 0 0
Total____ ______ 5,009 7,024 789 704 13,526 3,704 1,226 79 0 0Grand total......... 82,276 52,986 6,658 17,027 158,947 34,894 18,697 15,249 9,081 4,355
i Includes 245 assigned to regular school other than apprentice school.
* Includes 164 attending school.* Includes 350 in school and 110 in band. < Includes 215 attending school.
* Includes 200 attending school.* Includes 803 attending school and 200
receiving military training.T Includes 125 attending school.1 Includes 17 attending school.
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Of the prisoners confined in State and Federal penal institutions, 51.8 percent were employed at productive labor; 33.3 percent were engaged in prison duties; 4.2 percent were sick; and 10.7 percent were idle. The percentage employed at productive labor differed greatly in Federal and State institutions. In the State prisons as a whole, 53.1 percent were employed at productive labor, while in Federal prisons only 37 percent were so engaged. In contrast, 31.6 percent of the prisoners in State institutions, as against 51.9 percent of the Federal prisoners, were employed at ordinary prison duties. The percentage of idle in State institutions was over twice that in Federal institutions.
Of the prisoners in Federal and State institutions engaged at productive labor, 42.4 percent were working under the State-use system,22.7 percent under the public works and ways system, 18.5 percent under the State-account system, 11 percent under the piece-price system, and 5.3 percent under the contract system.
A number of States, among them California, Illinois, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, and Pennsylvania, have no prisoners working under either of the contract systems. In other States, on the other hand, Kentucky, Tennessee, Maryland, and Connecticut, the majority of the work is done under the two contract systems; that is, either piece- price or per capita contract.
Hours of LaborTable 6 shows the hours of work of prisoners employed at pro
ductive labor in 1932.
STATE AND FEDERAL PRISONS 11
T a b l e 6 .— Classified weekly working hours of prisoners employed at productive labor in State and Federal prisons, 1932
Number of prisoners whose average weekly hours of labor were—
Class of prison, and State Under24
24andunder32
32andunder36
36andunder40
40andunder44
44
Over44
andunder48
48
Over48
andunder54
54
Over54
andunder60
60 Over60 Total
State prisons:Alabama.................... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3,763 0 3,763Arizona................. . 44 0 9 0 0 172 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 225Arkansas.................... a 0 0 0 0 0 0 16 0 0 0 851 0 867California................... 835 426 1,152 321 1,044 20 0 581 0 0 0 15 0 4,394Colorado.................... 0 14 0 235 7 0 12 36 0 0 0 43 7 354Connecticut............... 0 0 238 0 0 500 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 738Delaware......... ......... 0 11 0 0 0 206 0 0 0 0 0 95 0 312District of Columbia. 0 0 0 15 276 385 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 676Florida..................... . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,739 0 0 1,739Georgia...................... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3,328 0 3,328Idaho..................... 0 18 0 4 177 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 203Illinois........................ 23 04,145 0 0 409 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4,577Indiana...................... 0 0 0 0 0 3,780 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3,780Iowa........................... 0 0 61 0 0 1,892 0 35 0 0 0 0 0 1,988Kansas......................_ 0 0 0 0 144 739 30 0 143 0 270 0 0 1,326Kentucky.................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2,402 0 0 5 0 0 2,407Louisiana................... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,644 0 1,644Maine........................ 0 0 0 0 0 50 0 75 27 0 0 0 0 152Maryland.................. 0 0 0 0 0 1,145 0 0 60 0 0 136 0 1,341Massachusetts........... 0 0 80 621 863 176 0 0 0 0 0 41 0 1,781Michigan................... 0 0 0 0 396 3,274 494 0 0 0 0 O' 0 4,164Minnesota................. 0 0 325 0 0 0 921 75 0 0 0 0 0 1,321Mississippi.................Missouri....................
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,370 0 1,3702,2220 0 0 96 0 392 0 1,720 0 0 0 0 14
Montana.................... 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 92 0 0 0 13 0 107Nebraska.................
2574°—33----- 20 0 15 0 815 0 0 o 0 0 0 0 0 830
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T a b l e 6.— Classified weekly working hours of prisoners employed at productive labor in State and Federal prisons, 1982— Continued
12 PRISON LABOR IN UNITED STATES, 1932
Number of prisoners whose average weekly hours of labor were—
Class of prison, and State Under24
24andunder32
32andunder36
36andunder40
40andunder44
44
Over44
andunder48
48
Over48
andunder54
54
Over54
andunder60
60 Over60 Total
State prisons—Contd.Nevada....... .............. 5 0 3 0 42 24 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 74New Hampshire........ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 140 0 0 0 0 140New Jersey................ 0 0 10 385 30 996 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,421New Mexico________ 184 0 0 0 41 0 0 32 0 0 0 6 0 263New York................. 0 868 406 1,889 460 553 0 73 55 0 17 0 0 4,321North Carolina......... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 17 0 0 0 1,817
1960 1,834
North Dakota........... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 197Ohio........................... 0 0 0 72 0 3,814 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3,886
2,064Oklahoma.................. 0 0 0 0 0 1,659 0 405 0 0 0 0 0Oregon....................... 6 3 0 0 0 323 0 0 0 0 20 0 0 352Pennsylvania............ 0 0 394 140 311 948 0 355 0 0 0 0 0 2,148Rhode Island............ 0 0 0 0 120 0 300 0 0 0 0 0 1 421South Carolina.......... 0 0 0 0 0 263 0 196 0 0 0 0 0 459South Dakota............ 0 0 0 0 0 405 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 405Tennessee.................. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 650 114 1,271 11 17 0 2,063Texas......................... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4,462 0 4,462Utah........................... 0 0 0 5 32 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 37Vermont.................... 0 0 0 0 36 178 0 0 0 0 0 52 0 266Virginia...................... 0 0 0 0 0 21 0 837 0 2,086 0 0 0 2,944Washington...............West Virginia............
0 3 0 51 229 198 30 0 15 0 12 20 8 5660 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,555 0 0 0 1,555
Wisconsin.................. 0 0 0 36 0 0 3 559 635 269 0 0 0 1,502Wyoming................... 0 0 0 0 0 50 179 49 0 0 0 0 0 278
Total...................... 1,099 1,343 6,838 3,870 5,023 22,572 1,969 8,206 1,193 5,181 2,074 17,869 3077,267Percent................... 1.4 1.7 8.8 5.0 6.5 29.2 2.5 10.6 1.5 6.7 2.7 23.1 (0 100.0
Federal prisons:California............... 0 0 0 130 31 25 0 0 0 13 0 0 0 199Georgia......... ............ 0 0 0 0 0 1,626 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,626Kansas....................... 0 0 0 0 1,192 115 0 0 133 0 0 0 0 1,440New Hampshire____ 0 0 0 134 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 134Ohio........................... 0 0 0 0 0 666 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 666South Carolina_____ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 40 0 0 0 0 0 40Virginia...................... 0 0 0 0 0 458 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 458Washington________West Virginia----------
0 0 0 0 0 218 0 0 40 0 27 0 0 2850 0 0 0 161 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 161
Total....................... 0 0 0 264 1,384 3,108 0 40 173 13 27 0 0 5,009Percent................... 0 0 0 5.3 27.6 62.0 0 .8 3.5 .3 .5 0 0 100.0Grand total....... . 1,099 1,343 6,838
8.34,134 6,407 25,680
31.21,969 8,246 1,366 5,194 2,101 17,869 3082,276
Percent................... 1.3 1.6 5.0 7.8 2.4 10.0 1.7 6.3 2.6 21.7 0) 100.0
* Less than one tenth of 1 percent.
Of the 82,276 prisoners employed at productive labor in State and Federal institutions, 1.3 percent had nominal working hours of less than 24 per week, and 55.2 percent, hours of 44 or less per week; while32.3 percent had working hours in excess of 48 per week. More of the prisoners working over 48 hours per week were engaged at farm, garden, and dairy labor, than at any other class of work. It must be borne in mind tnat these are only nominal working hours; that is, the number of hours the prisoners spent in the factory workrooms. In a number of cases, however, there was not enough work to keep prisoners busy the whole work period.
There is a notable contrast in the hours of labor in the different States. For example, in Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Mississippi, all the prisoners worked 60 hours per week, and in North Carolina, 1,817 of the 1,834 prisoners worked 60 hours per week. In contrast, in Illinois, 4,168 of the 4,577 prison inmates worked less than 36 hours per week. In California, 2,413 of the 4,394 prisoners worked less than 36 hours per week, and in New York, 3,163 of a total of 4,321 worked less than 40 hours per week.
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In Federal institutions no prisoners had nominal working hours of as much as 60 hours per week and none were reported as working less than 36 hours per week.
Kind and Value of Articles ProducedTable 7 shows the kind, quantity, and value of articles produced
in State and Federal institutions under each of the systems in practice.The total value of all goods produced in State penal institutions was
$71,306,061. Of this amount more than $24,000,000 was produced under the public works and ways system; over $18,000,000 under the State-use system; over $10,500,000 under the piece-price system; and over $6,000,000 under the contract system.
New road building accounted for nearly two thirds of the total value produced under the public works and ways system.
Automobile license tags accounted for the largest valuation of any class of goods produced under the State-use system. The value of the more than 36,000,000 automobile license tags produced was nearly $2,300,000. Miscellaneous farm products produced under this svstem accounted for a valuation of over $2,000,000. The pants, shoes, miscellaneous printing, and milk, produced under the State- use system, each accounted for a valuation of between $500,000 and $1,000,000.
Under the State-account system more than 63,000,000 pounds of binder twine was produced, having a value of over $4,000,000. This is nearly one third of the total value of all goods produced under the State-account system. Other commodities produced on a large scale under this system were over $1,000,000 worth of shirts, nearly $1,000,000 worth of raw cotton, and over $800,000 worth of pants.
Shirts were the largest item produced under the piece-price system, accounting for over $5,000,000 of the total of $10,500,000 valuation. Nearly $2,500,000 worth of pants and nearly $900,000 worth of underwear were also produced under this system.
Shirts held first place in value of goods produced under the contract system, followed in order by pants, chairs, brooms, and hosiery.
More than 22,000,000 shirts, valued at over $8,000,000 were produced under all systems combined. The valuation of shirts is higher than that of any other article manufactured. The only work performed by prisoners having a higher valuation is road building.
In Federal prisons practically all goods produced were under either the State-use or public works and ways system. Shoes and duck and canvas were the only classes of goods produced under the State-use system in Federal institutions having a valuation of over $500,000. New buildings accounted for nearly $700,000 of the $1,100,000 valuation shown under the public works and ways system. The values shown under public works and ways system mclude the value of the material whether or not fabricated by the prisoners; thus, the total value of a building erected by prisoners is given, even though bricks and stones were purchased on the outside. In some cases, road-repair work includes labor only. Only slightly over $55,000 worth of goods were produced under the State-account system in Federal institutions. These goods were sold either to employees of the institution, or, in the case of Army and Navy prisons, to officers and enlisted men of the Service. No goods were produced under either the piece-price or contract systems.
STATE AND FEDERAL PRISONS 13
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T able 7.— Kind, quantity, and ra/ue 0/ articles produced, system under which producedSTATE PRISONS
Articles produced
Agricultural implements... Agricultural implements,
parts................................Bakery products, commer
cial...................................Baskets....................... .......Brooms, brushes, etc.:
Brooms........................Brushes______ _______Mops........................... .
Clay, cement, and stone products:
Brick and building tile.Concrete blocks...........Concrete pipe..............Concrete posts.............Lime and agricultural
limestone..................Stone, building............Stone, crushed_______Miscellaneous_______
Clothing:Aprons.........................Children’s play suits..Coats............................Dresses........................ .Gloves and mittens—Handkerchiefs-----------Hats and caps-----------Hosiery........................Overalls--------------------Overcoats.....................Pajamas and night
gowns----- --------------Pants............................
Average
number of prisoners
employed
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
147.6 25.325.7
209.6510.5137.423.1
1,441.6 182.825.081.3
222.5 379.
2,769.243.132.3
540.9423.6582.747.3 18.780.4
686.9 710.698.0
539.44,691.9
Number
51
(9* 826,557
26,686125,311 114,654 155,443
36,132,000 517,000 3 7,838 57,334
3 20,494 3 30, 524
3 326,f 0)40,152
360 88,189 28,'209
<217,439 175,641 142,042
<1,387,595 322,403 13,209
120,480429,372
Value
$3,974.20954.00
35,577.18 16,077.0660,154.61 62,533.56 40,487.71
402, 525.57 54,226.91 65,010. 72 49,436.6617,315.10
234,268.67 263,701.50 10,260.4112,
290,24,21,8,
40,158,256,87,
410.87 225.00710.15 414.62 164.56 279.37 835.02 179.46090.15 445.13
79,530.40 647,644.15
Public works and ways
Number Value
State account
Number
9,044
0)97,223
739,079 250,106
1,605
6,008,000505
« 56,280 3 513
3 86,565 (084
29,54049,962
640,0142719
1,050,089
Value
$481,091.55 86,646.00
34,305.52116,051.34 26,305.95
313.16
58,558.95 30.30
58,708.50 511.77
106,157.21 29,320. 20
28.92 9,846,67
138,061.60
23.10 103.44
379,433.75 311.0017.41
803,422.67
Piece price
Number Value
1,537,5402,080,540
600
587,178 3,756,057
$430,477.00859,276.25
540.00
312,917.63 2,461,312.83
Contract
Number Value
9,095 $485,065.750) 87,600.00
2 826,557 35,577.1834,620 $7,163. 7-9 158,529 57,546.37
2,360,681 592,101,35 3,225,071 768,307.30364,760 88,839.51157,048 40,800.87
3 207,864
Total
Number Value
42,140,000 461,084.52517,505 54,257.213 7,838 65,010.7257,334 49,436.66
3 76,774 76,023.603 31,037 234,780.44
225,189.37 3 621,038 595,048.080) 39,580.6140.236 12,439.79
1,567,440 440,548.67138,151 428,771.75
2,108,749 883,690.87<217,439 21,164.56
175,641 8,279.37142,048 40,858.12
« 5,279,280 * 523,365.40 < 6,667,534 681,648.30963,017 636,063.9013.236 87,756.13
909,012 484,048.89 1,616,689 876,514.33 2,021,8621,410,258.74 7,257,380 5,322,638.39
PRISON LABOR
IN TTNITED
STATES, 1932
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Siiirts, dress.................Shirts, work.................Shoes, new...................Shoes repaired..............Suits..........................Underwear...................Uniforms, prison.........Miscellaneous________Miscellaneous, labor
only...........................Coal mining........................Coffee roasting....................Construction:
Alterations and installations....... ................
New buildings..............Railroad track..............Roads, new...................Roads, repaired............New, other than build
ings and roads______Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle............................Corn..............................Cotton..........................Cottonseed__________Farm hands hired out.Flax industry. .............Hay...............................Hogs..............................Milk..............................Potatoes........................Sugar cane....................Wheat............. ............Miscellaneous dairy__Miscellaneous farm___Miscellaneous livestock
647.66.498.61.433.6
269.5562.7990.9 79.8
167.926.5
1,057.06.0512.9
5,371.7 25.0
9,205.1 503.6853.1
2,631. 3,737.
586. 66.
170.
599.297.253.360.
6,104.
73,308 579,327
<396,033 <233,904
45,561 747,764 11,051 (00)
3 151,865 2 374,132
49,899.38316,712.28966.318.04160.728.05 384,871.71 322,375.7541,336.89
105,420.861,003.20
218,520.47 59,974.10
7 4,946 81,074,946
»1,370 3 10
(0
180,740.71 462,758.87 48,139.00
90.00 3,014.00
3 36,4557 22,853
221,365,100 220,185,500
3 40,4788 87,606
80)
448,561.22 379,043.18 592,925.31 176,869.85 127,090.92 46,035.57
414,759.78 2,113,615.36
6,784.79
4,173,196 <196,232
< 4,711 351 77
1,268,519.40 264,694.35
3,436.32 7,131.93
50.50
11,030,621 <159,121
3,674,841.58233,870.03
4,597,382 1,533,319.37
.............. .................... 3,968,304 889,283.00
0)
0)3 90,763
641.455,201.34
93,497.46 (9 4,120.04
0)181
*1.50 «1,240.77
0)0)
$611,159.72 6,685,340.58
140,000.00 15,286,536.41
182,274.24677,740.61
71,035 8 8,710 » 26,805 3 11,417 0)3 1,077 3 1,5537 3,761 2 1,208,200 2 8,988,500
3 420 8 28,211
80)
55,659.02 3,776.83
826,119.37 126,773.73 18,796.05
126,763.00 18,197.56 37,521.51 30,526.39 36,690.96 1,318.82
17,142.91 12,033.19
156,465.92 7,865.34
2,139,185 20,380,526
< 751,386 <238,615
45,912 4,716,145
11,051 0)(0 3 242,628
2 374,132
0)181
•1.50 «1,240.77 0)
0)7 5,981
»1,083,656 • 28,175 311,427 0)31,077
3 38,008 7 26,614
2 22,573,300 * 29,174,000
3 40,898 *115,817 0)0)0)
1,420,532.07 6,793,392.63 1,464,882.42
164,164.37 392,003.64
1,211,709.25 41,336.89
106,062.3110,324.58
312,017.93 59,974.10
611.159.72 6,685,340.58
140,000.00 15,286.536.41
182,274.24677,740.61236.399.73 466,535.70 874,258.37126.863.73 21,810.05
126,763.00 466,758.78416.564.69623.451.70 213,560.81128.409.74 63,178.48
426,792.97 2,269,081.28
14,650.13* Enumeration impracticable. 2 Pounds.* Tons.< Pairs.
5 Includes clockwork decoration on 87,204 pairs, market value $21,801; work done on piece-price basis.
•Miles.7 Head.* Bushels.• Bales.
Of
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T ab le 7.— Kind, quantity, and vaZwe o/ articles produced, 6 system under which produced— ContinuedSTATE PRISONS—Continued
Articles produced
Average
number of prisoners i
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State useem
ployed Number Value
Public works and ways
Number Value
State account
Number Value
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number Value
Furnituro and furnishings:Beds__........................Benches.......................Bureaus, chiffoniers,
dressers, etc__.........Chairs, fiber................Chairs, wood............ .Davenports, sofas, etc.Desks..........................Mattresses,...............Pillows........................Tables.........................Miscellaneous.............
Harness..............................Highway markers.............Land development:
Land improvement—Reforestation..............
Laundry, commercial.......Lumber and timber prod
ucts:Boxes..........................Lumber.......................Millwork—.............. .Miscellaneous..........—
Metal products:Aluminum ware.........Auto license tags-------Castings— .................Electric switch boxes.Galvanized ware-------Iron hollow ware.......Tags, miscellaneous - -.Tinware.......... - ..........Miscellaneous..........—
260.811.2
128.8415.9
,646.1391.7289.3141.3 21.3
411.5258.8 51.5 21.8
207.4900.6 99.0
203.1
19,765 1,498
1,'1, 510 81,931 3,334 3,605
46,331 34,876 16,308 0) io 850
11 50 253,759
$163,688.85 4,813.89
36,4,
288,72,
109,179,23,
137,76,2,
248,
838.90 287.17 684.82 173. 75873.91 221.16 481. 68 917.39 714.79 562.50 155. 50 687.20
1,3753,271 3,660
186,2231 ,r~4,674
302160
58,9410) 109n 35
37,520
$8,624.87 1,640.35
16,571. 9,082.
290,792.26,558. 1,647.
785. 142,664. 20,600.
38.1,435.
18,501.
12, 748 15,040 9,701
$43,104.00 95,071. 00 92,728.00
1,276 0) 5,747.00 25,380.00
21,324,148
58.0142.160.1 79.965.1 , 020.9
371.7 134.0 192.3104.2 18.0 64.6
165.3
31,218 12 924,435
1,475 0)128,275
36,243,928 3 5,140,293
64,840.65
6,942.5917.683.42 39,756.9434.585.4358,227. 72
2,299,430.89 134,565.58
$405, 749. 00 63,867.00
* 346, 111
458,996 12 3,403, 792
15(0
25,719.94
49,938.32 72, 293. 73
79.74 10,708.91
96,129 457
2, 205, 538 96,187 (0
104,087.31 552.02
32,590.58 26,278.37 50,998.09
2 88,568 1,113,010
323 134,214 30,576
1160)
3,943.75 48,983.57
471.25 47,348.00 2,202.05
31.74 4,730.22
22,878 588,580 14, 713
$76,804.05 623,962. 65 181,920. 56
2, 585 .0)10 74,049
11 968
8,435. 29 5, 744. 61
123,317.73 26, 620. 00
2 8,760,852 176,247.60
0) 15,734.64
21,3042,8735,040
40, 796 871,774 29,078 8,279
46,633 35,036 79,110 0)
i® 74,<11 1,053 291,279
0)(021,670, 259
490,214 12 4,328,227
1,490 (0128,275
36,243,928 213,989,713
1,113,010 96,452
134,671 2,236,114
96,303 0)
$172,313.72 6,454.24
53, 133,
1,298, 355, 136, 180, 24,
294, 128, 123, 30,
267,
410.09 277.52 511.21 519.02 432.06 868.78 267.23 763.71 439.55 918.26 210.50 188.31
405,749.00 63,867.00 90,560.59
56,880.91 89,977.15 39,836.68 45,294.3458,227.72
2,299,430.89 314,756.93 48,983.57
104,558.56 47,900.02 34,792.63 26,310.11 71,462.95
PRISON LABOR
IN XJNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Printing and binding: Books, blank and
bound........................Envelopes___________Letterheads__________Miscellaneous..............
Repair and shop work____Soap and soap powder.......Sugar..... .............................Textiles and textile prod
ucts:Binder twine-------------Blankets--...................Cotton yard goods,
light...........................Cotton yard goods,
heavy.-....................Duck and canvas____Flags.............................Pillowcases...................H ope, tw ine (not
binder), and cordage.Sheets...........................Spreads_____________Wool yard goods_____Yarn, cotton and wool. Miscellaneous textiles.. Miscellaneous textile
products....................Toys....................................Whips....... ............... ........Other manufactured prod
ucts..................................Miscellaneous, labor only..
Total..........................77,267.0
60.647.3
810.9315.461.2
124.0
849,99714,151,04512,613,182
2 2,955,219 2 82,600
1,073.21,671.9
354.0983.9945.2
5.041.2
130.4142.512.569.5
304.0409.8
2.2305.9 146.831.0
302.2101.2
893,667
*25,350 152,158
* 965,1042 284,580 217,692
37,128
384,525 38,853
477,183 2 247,262
21,253,647 0)(*)
149
8
17,158.61 61,527.95 35,311.33
550,420.54 99,589.26
134,792.45 2,692.76
6,931.801,863.13
447,130.88432,388.59129,814.55
3,586.15 34,701.90 50,609.326,851.00
208,971.84 40,162.72 71,941.78
353,705. 56 481,410.68
826.7196,748.21
149.00
256,747.8842,066.00
18,358,763.73
21,450 28,2008215,530
2 5,424,274
5,463,357*63,686,325
20
2189,451 2 3,947,562
122134
■3,556,99826780
'*8," 653
0) 45,338
824,052, 667.56_________ 12,312,367.26I
72.2089.20
8,855.0923,073.27
873.30 176,873.67
352,187.55 4,050,123.27
114.2044,716.50
916,207.30393.9835.95
311,926.89254.7626.67
~i,"655."35
14,622.5ll 70,542.211
66,650.16 11,891.66 0) $22,919.49
10,522,200.35
87,564
0)
43,782.00
2,046.256,060,062.29
849,997 14,172,495 12,641,38282 2,970, 749 2 5,506,874
5,557,024 2 63,711,675
152,1782 1,154,55524,232,142
17,692 37,250
260,1632 3,646,286
384,792 38,853
477,263 2 247,262
21,262,300(90) 45,487 87,564
8
17,158.61 61,600.15 35,400.53
559,275.63 122,662.53 135,665.75 179,566.43
359,119 35 4,051,986.40
447.245.08477.105.09
1,046,021.853,586.15
35,095.8850,645.27
318,777.89209,226.6040,162.7271,968.45
353,705.56483,066.03
826.71111,370.7270,691.2143,782.00
346,317.5356,003.91
71,306,061.19
FEDERAL PRISONS
26,219 $248.78
............. |_____2F to1
io Pieces. ii Sets. i2 Boar
Bakery products, commercial....................................
Brooms, brushes, etc.:Brooms.........................Brushes________ _____Mops....... .....................
10.0 2 405,13154.0 319,584
100.0 486,5581.0 3,056
$12,373.27109,723.84 172,742.23
614.79
2 411,350319,584 486,558
3,056
$12,622.05109,723.84 172,742.23
614.70i Enumeration impracticable.
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T ab le 7.— Kind, quality, and value of articles produced, system under which 'produced—ContinuedFEDERAL PRISONS—Continued
OO
Articles produced
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number Value
Public works and ways
INumber Value
State account
Number Value
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number Value
Clay, cement, and stone products:
Brick and building tile. Clothing:
Aprons______________Coats_______________Dresses........................ .Gloves and mittens__Handkerchiefs............ .Hats and caps............ .Overalls........................Overcoats--.................Pajamas and night
gowns........................Pants— ......................Shirts, dress.................Shirts, work......... .......Shoes, new.................. .Shoes, repaired........... .Suits............................ .Underwear...................Uniforms, prison........ .Miscellaneous............. .Miscellaneous, labor
only.......................... .Construction:
Alterations and installations...................... .
New buildings...........Roads, new........... .....Roads, repaired---------New, other than build
ings and roads..........Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle...........................
134.04.3
27.2 12.05.01.05.1
63.5 40.42.9
40.3 9.0
85.9469.0 82.0
108.247.1 1.85.2
29.2
233.0735.0
2.0 4.0
60.013.2
2,704,000 $34,252.003,745 1,055.503,615 8,923.583,340 3,677.14
<5,841 418.073,010 90.307,498 1,563.97
30,218 17,701.623,149 14,618.331,769 860.759,169 13,502.684,245 2,653.20
64,655 28,610. 53< 240, 280 582,887.36<45,482 28,925.68
7,778 36,368.8048,144 12,738.54
268 413.000) 1,519.93
0) 34,851.70
0)20
6 0.08 0)
(07199 6,357.35
4 2, 250 $2,250.00
3,860.00
$283,598.51 693,583.45
1,140.00 5,000.00
81,422.71
2,704,0003,745 3,615 3,340
*5,841 3,010 7,498
30,218 3,149
1,7 9,1 4,245
64,655 <240,280 * 47,732
7,778 48,144
268(0 0)0)
20 8 0.08 0)
0)7199
$34,252.001,055.50 8,923.58 3,677.14
418.07 90.30
1,563.97 17,701.62 14,618.33
860.7513.502.68 2,653.20
28.610.53 582,887.3631.175.68 36,368.8012.738.54
413.001,519.93
38,711.70
283,598.51 693,583.45
1,140.00 5,000.00
81,422.716,357.35
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1032
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Corn.............................Hay...............................Hogs....... ......................M ilk.............................Potatoes........................Wheat...........................Miscellaneous dairy...Miscellaneous farm___Miscellaneous live
stock..........................Furniture and furnishings:
Benches........................Bureaus, chiffoniers,
dressers, etc__...........Chairs, wood................Desks........... ................Mattresses. ..................Tables...........................Miscellaneous..............
Land development:Land improvement___
Laundry, commercial........Lumber and timber prod
ucts:Lumber.............. .........Miscellaneous..............
Printing and binding: Books, blank, and
bound................. ......Envelopes____ _______Letterheads..................Miscellaneous..............
Repair and shop work.......Textiles and textile prod
ucts:Bags..............................Blankets.....................Duck and canvas_____Pillow cases..................Sheets...........................Spreads-.......................Towels..........................Yarn, cotton and
wool...........................Miscellaneous textile
products....................•Other manufactured prod-.
ucts..................................Miscellaneous labor only—
Total..................... -
101.732.4
125.0 214.525.0 2.082.0
381.92.3.1
5.07.06.0 2.0 7.0
22.2192.0138.0
14.012.0
6.02.03.2
70.861.0
15.4 . 1
664.010.5 42.2.26.1
180.0 51.150.089.0
5,009.0
8 57,174 8 3,0177 2,781
2,394,000297,2008 1,464
h(*)
4525885
1,602157
(9
‘ 1,327,493
1*471,350 0)3,242
348,600776,200847,098
9*4,271,780
21,64627,225
7115,682
*2,287,164
0)
8
24,243.97 8,939.71
48,207.80 81,698.29 3,286,99
800.81 19,295.33 80,962.78
507.22
810.15 1,733.04 3,383.11 2,503.10 1,930.56 1,285.24
107,493.96
3,135.13 10,094.52
1,621.00 891.81
1,497.49 50,355.15 14,277.29
21,270.60 27.00
881,574.96 2,954.22
16,820.37 65.98
1,116.71227,208.0150,459.7154,306.1049,444.40
7 62 480,800
1,692.47 22,052. 63
0) 8,244.94
10165913
72.00848.11
1,180.85 840.00
1370)
*1,918.033,769.86
<*) 41,739.82*81,439 6,450.73
0) 1,800.00
0) 50.00
1,106,484.49 55,278.40
«57,174 8 3,017 7 2,843
2,874,800 297,200 81,464 0)0)
24,243.97 8,939.71
49,900.27 103,750.92
3,286.99 800.81
19,295.33 89,207.72
0) 507.2210 72.0061
31798
1,602294
(0
1,658.262,913.894,223.112.503.10 3,848.595.055.10
0)*1,408,93241,739.82
113,944.69
i* 471,350 0)
3,135.13 10,094.52
3,242348,600776,200
8
1,621.00891.81
1,497.4950,355.1516,077.29
47,0989
*4,271,78021,64627,225
7115,682
21,270.60 27.00
881,574.96 2,954.22
16,82a 37 65.98
1,116.71*2,287,164 227,208.01
0)
850,509.7154,306.1049,444.40
4,063,409.56i Enumeration impracticable. * Pounds. 3 Tons. « Pairs. e Miles. 7 Head. 8 Bushels. « Board feet.
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
20 PRISON LABOR IN UNITED STATES, 1932
Sex of PrisonersTable 8 shows the average number of prisoners of each sex em
ployed at productive labor, by institution.
T a b l e 8 ,— Average number of prisoners of each sex employed at productive labor,by institution
STATE PRISONS
State and institution
Average number of prisoners
Males Females
TotalEmployed
atproductive
laborTotal
Employed at
productive labor
4,652 3,619 185 144583 225 8 0
1,353 845 25 60 0 47 16
4,875 3,021 121 102,679 1,363 0 01,146 257 16 0
207 97 0 0433 143 0 0
0 0 218 95727 500 0 0496 301 31 11854 365 0 0669 296 57 15
2,669 1,696 117 434,024 3,232 173 96
305 203 2 0602 351 0 0
4,623 2,282 0 02,702 569 0 0
0 0 115 580 0 101 23
2,310 1,294 0 02,416 1,458 0 01,213 937 0 0
0 0 184 742,496 1,311 0 01,430 947 0 01,374 980 0 0
0 0 100 611,838 984 0 0
763 323 0 00 0 130 19
2,348 1,583 71 641,156 760 0 02,705 1,638 77 6
261 60 1 0140 75 0 0
0 0 113 171,191 568 86 49
124 86 0 01,184 638 1 0
905 629 0 0958 621 0 0104 41 0 0928 176 88 0346 210 0 0
0 0 257 104
Alabama:State prison system................................
Arizona: State prison....................................Arkansas:
State penitentiary...................................State farm for women.............................
California:State prison at San Quentin...................Folsom State prison...............................
Colorado:State penitentiary..................................State reformatory...................................
Connecticut:State reformatory...................................State farm for women.............................State prison...................................... . . . .
Delaware: New Castle County workhouse. District of Columbia:
District reformatory...............................District workhouse.................................
Florida: State farm........................................Georgia: State prison system........................Idaho: State penitentiary.............................Illinois:
State farm...............................................State penitentiary...................................State reformatory...................................State reformatory for women................Women’s prison.....................................Southern penitentiary............................
Indiana:State reformatory...................................State farm...............................................Women’s prison.....................................State prison.............................................
Iowa:Men’s reformatory.................................State penitentiary..................................Women’s reformatory............................State penitentiary........................State industrial reformatory........State industrial farm for women..
Kentucky:State reformatory.........................State penitentiary........................
Louisiana: State penitentiary............Maine:
State prison..............................—State reformatory for men...........Women’s reformatory..................
Maryland:House of correction.......................State penal farm...........................State penitentiary........................
Massachusetts:State prison................................. .Massachusetts reformatory........ .Prison camp.................................State farm.....................................State prison colony.......................Women’s reformatory..................
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
STATE AND FEDERAL PRISONS 21T a b l e 8 .— Average number of prisoners of each sex employed at productive labor,
by institution— ContinuedSTATE PRISONS—Continued
State and institution
Average number of prisoners
Males Females
TotalEmployed
atproductive
laborTotal
Employed at
productive labor
1,898 1,328 0 05,712 1,946 0 0
921 396 0 0920 377 284 117
1,355 958 0 01,037 325 0 0
0 0 57 382,046 1,335 58 354,318 2,027 85 0
578 195 0 0606 105 9 2787 601 13 9377 205 0 0
0 0 35 15252 74 3 0175 140 4 0357 285 0 0863 307 0 0
0 0 233 1181,896 711 0 0
551 263 9 01,816 786 0 0
439 343 0 00 0 115 56
773 37 0 01,530 700 0 0
582 106 0 01,127 478 0 0922 325 0 00 0 214 40
1,558 305 0 02,409 1,145 0 0
0 0 43 172,725 1,787 109 80
411 196 6 10 0 324 72
4,416 2,124 0 01,180 354 0 03,021 1,336 0 03,189 1,618 85 41
843 405 0 0823 343 28 9,
0 0 140 602,827 1,270 0 0
967 337 0 01,070 269 0 01,310 212 0 0
623 409 0 00 0 34 12
1,072 439 70 20511 404 13 1
1,965 1,300 74 74902 689 0 0
5,447 4,405 103 57310 37 2 0
0 0 49 86881 230 0 0
Michigan:State reformatory...........................................State prison.....................................................State house of correction and branch prison.Detroit house of correction.............................
Minnesota:State prison.....................................................State reformatory for men..............................State reformatory for women.........................
Mississippi: State penitentiary............................Missouri:
State penitentiary...........................................State reformatory............................................
Montana: State prison..........................................Nebraska:
State penitentiary-.........................................State reformatory for men.............................State reformatory for women.........................
Nevada: State penitentiary.................................New Hampshire: State prison..............................New Jersey:
Annandale farms.............................................State reformatory......... .................................State reformatory for women.........................State prison.....................................................
New Mexico: State penitentiary..........................New York:
State prison for men....................................... .Attica State prison..........................................State prison for women....................................State hospital.................................................. .Clinton prison..................................................House of refuge______________ ____________Great Meadow prison.......... ..........................Institution for male defective delinquents__Westfield State farm........................................State reformatory.............................................Sing Sing prison.............................................. .
North Carolina:Industrial farm colony for women................. .State’s prison............................. . ................... .
North Dakota: State penitentiary........................Ohio:
State reformatory for women..........................State penitentiary........................................... .London prison farm.........................................State reformatory.............................................
Oklahoma:State penitentiary........................................... .State reformatory.............................................
Oregon: State penitentiary....................................Pennsylvania:
State industrial home..................................... .Eastern State penitentiary..............................Western State penitentiary at Rockview___Western State penitentiary............................ .State industrial reformatory............................
Rhode Island:State prison and Providence County jail------Reformatory for women................................. .
South Carolina: State penitentiary.......................South Dakota: State penitentiary........................
State penitentiary................................................ .Brushy Mountain penitentiary.......................... .
Texas: Prison system..................................................Utah: State prison..................................................... .Vermont:
State prison and house of correction for women.. State prison and house of correction for men......
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e 8 .— Average number of prisoners of each sex employed at productive labor, by institution— ContinuedSTATE PRISONS—Continued
22 p r is o n l a b o r in u n i t e d s t a t e s , 1932
Average number of prisoners
Btate and institutionMales Females
TotalEmployed
atproductive
laborTotal
Employed at
productive labor
Virginia:State industrial farm for women_____________________ 0 0 77 21State penitentiary__________________________________ 2,780
7812,339
52181 63
State farm______________________ ____________ _____ 0 0Washington:
State penitentiary__________________________________ 1,318630
394 28 3State reformatory__________________________________ 169 0 0
West Virginia: State penitentiary_______________________ 2,5540
1,5260
88 29Wisconsin:
Industrial home for women.................................. ........... 66 30State prison......... .................................................. ......... 1,692
759983 37 6
State reformatory_______________ _____ _____________ 483 0 0Wyoming:
State industrial institute___________________________ 87 50 0 0State penitentiary__________________________________ 333 228 0 0
Total............................................................... ............ 140,521 75,344 4,900 1,923
FEDERAL PRISONS
California:Pacific Branch United States Disciplinary Barracks__ 392 118 0 0United States Naval Prison............................................ 137 81 0 0
Georgia: United States Penitentiary..................................... 3,526 1,626 0 0Kansas.
United States Penitentiary.............................................. 3,229 1,032 0 0United States Penitentiary Annex................................. 1,764 408 0 0
New Hampshire: United States Naval Prison..................... 301 134 0 0Ohio: United States Industrial Reformatory....... ................ 1,625 666 0 0South Carolina: United States Naval Prison....................... 147 40 0 0Virginia:
Federal Correctional Camp............................................. 559 182 0 0Federal Reformatory Camp............................................ 461 276 0 0
Washington: United States Penitentiary.......... .................West Virginia: Federal Industrial Institution for Women..
943 285 0 06 0 442 161
Total............................................................................... 13,084 4,848 442 161Orand total.................................................................... 153,605 80,192 5,342 2,084
Of the 145,421 prisoners in State prisons throughout the United States, 96.6 percent were males and 3.4 percent were females. In the State prisons 77,267 prisoners were working at productive labor; of this number 97.5 percent were males and 2.5 percent were females.
There were 13,526 prisoners incarcerated in Federal institutions,96.7 percent of which were males and 3.3 percent females.
In Federal and State institutions combined, there were 158,947 prisoners, of which 153,605, or 96.6 percent, were men and 5,342, or 3.4 percent, were women. Of the 82,276 prisoners engaged in productive labor in Federal and State institutions, 80,192, or 97.5 percent, were males and 2,084, or 2.5 percent, were females.
Employment of Prisoners on Public Works and Ways
Table 9 shows the average number of State and Federal prisoners employed under the public works and ways system, and the value of the projects, by State.
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e 9 .— Average number of State and Federal prisoners employed under public works and ways system, and value of projects, by State
STATE PRISONS
State
Alabama......................Arizona...................... .California.—.............. .Colorado......................Connecticut_________Delaware........... .........District of Columbia..Florida....................... .Georgia........................Idaho.......................... .Illinois........................ .Indiana........................Iowa_________ _____ _Louisiana...........Maryland..........Massachusetts..Michigan...........Minnesota-.......Mississippi.........Missouri............Montana______Nebraska...........Nevada..............New Jersey........New Mexico___New Y o r k ........North Carolina.North Dakota__Ohio..............Oklahoma_____
Average number of prisoners employed on-
Landdevelop
ment
7.7
45.0
10.0233.010.0
44.0
3.037.0
310.04.09.0
Construction
Newbuildings
74.0670.0 1.024.034.092.020.0 10.01.0
1,165.8276.0114.0
59.0 188.0 669.562.029.0
288.014.0 52.78.0
112.032.0
204.02.0
190.0
Alterations and installa
tions
i Work done by prisoners working on new buildings.
8.019.24.0
28.5
55.249.016.347.017.021.54.0
3.10)9.08.6
64.020.0
New, other than
buildings and roads
140.324.84.0
34.5
95.07.0
59.7
2.0”4.6
lo.'o'3.20)
10.0
335.0. . .
Roads, new and repaired
1,174.0 575.0
990.0 3,108.0
54.0~"io.~6"506.0
3.02 522.0 429.0
Total Land development
1.174.074.0
1.401.045.028.038.0
200.01.010.03.118.0 1.01.380.0
565.0210.047.0
506.078.0
188.0739.066.059.0
288.014.062.0 8.0
222.032.0
1.380.0429.015.0
263.020.0
Value of—
$3,600.00
5,000.00
5,000.00 22,140.00 4,780.00
60,500.00
5,000.00"l4,"io6.’ oo"6o,"ooo.'6o
1,680.0010,000.00
Construction
New buildings
$209,000.00372.395.00
2,500.0091.500.00 50,000.00
297.350.00 26,317.1310.500.00
913.13876,999.68 145,516.81 374,000.00
71,784.47194.129.00499.992.00203.300.0032.000.00
608,107.4083.500.00
230.500.0030.000.0099.500.0025.000.00
228,000.006,000.00
180,000.00
Alterations and installa
tions
000.00350.00
.,000.00 1,350.00
$35,000.00 25,120.00 6,000.00
325.18323.46800.00303.41
23,017.67008.00300.00
8,600.00 225.00
32,580.0025,400.00 79,000.00 9,172.79
New, other than buildings and roads
$2,237,363.26I,"503,‘200.'55'
87,400.00
102, 600.00 23,000.00 69,060.00
5,828.00 "§,875.6o 14," 466." 00
9,700.00150.00565.00
206,600.001,550.00
Hoads, new and repaired
1,809,972.51 4,898,569.43
56,375.00 ”"i7,"566.'oo' 426,757.'44
103,172.973 305,480.00
143,233.24
Total
$2, 237, 209,
1,920, 43, 97, 51,
426, 1,836, 4,1> 102,
217, 498, 54,
426, 100, 194, 580, 206, 46,
608, 83,
253, 30,
217, 25,
832, 143, 34,
9,
000.00195.00970.00500.00 000.00100.00 289.64069.43913.13 299.86
1.27640.00 303.41757.44630.14129.00375.00600.00400.00 107.40500.00800.00375.00 337.97 000.00660.00 233.24 630.00 000.00 172.79
* Indudes average of 25 men constructing a railroad. 1 Includes $140,000.00 of railroad construction. CO-
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e 9 .— Average number of State and Federal prisoners employed under public works and ways system, and value of projects, by State—Con. to
STATE PRISONS—Continued
State
Oregon...............Pennsylvania.— Bhode Island... South Carolina-South Dakota__Texas.................Virginia.............Washington.......West Virginia—Wisconsin..........Wyoming..........
Total.
Average number of prisoners employed on—
Landdevelop
ment
3.0205.9
76.02.0
Construction
Newbuildings
662.160.010.0
140.040.048.028.31.3
5,371.7
Alterations and installa
tions
26.861.0
20.0
29.01.7
512.9
New, other than
building and road
0.226.043.01.0
31.02.0
853.1
Boads, new and repaired
1.0"1,697.0
198.06.7
9,733.7
Total Land development
30.0955.043.050.012.0
140.0 ., 757.0
48.0629.0142.0
5.017,471.0
Value of—
$1,000.00 222,349.00
53,867.00 600.00
469, 616.00
Construction
New buildings
$1,035,889.00$70,428.24 36,121,00
81,000.0040.000.00
364,086.9465.000.00 81,060.0268,500.00 1,000.00
6,685,340.58
Alterations and installa
tions
37,817.97
24,037.009,000.00
611,159.72
New, other than buildings and roads
$500.0022.567.0012.556.002, 000.00
41,769. 61 7,500.00
677,740. 61
Boads, new and repaired
$1,250.00 2,"876,"235.” 801, 217,856.00
12,345.00
15, 608,810. 65
Total
$71,928.241,316,926.00
12.556.00 81,000.0043.250.00
364,086.942,979,053.77
81,060.02 1,259,625.61
166,249.0010.600.00
24,052,667.56
FEDERAL PRISONS
Pacific Branch, United States Disciplinary Barracks, Alcatraz, Calif.............
United States Naval Prison, Mare Island, Calif 27.0
1.0 5.0 2.04.0
8.031.0
141.0150.0464.0214.017.0
201.0
$15,000.00
$2,300.00 $6, 780.00 $1,140.00 5,000.00
$10,220.00 20,000.00
199,070.90 149,010.07 277,671.53 85,030.45 4,428.36
361,053.18
United States Penitentiary, Atlanta, Qa 71.0 65.0
150.05.0 $100,489.55 91,959. 29
149,010.076,622.06
United States Penitentiary, Leavenworth Kans
United States industrial Beformatory, nhillionthp Ohift 10.0
102.0454.0 82.0 17.0
111.0
7,200.00 3,576.49
270,471.53 60,118.91 4,428.36
258,075.10
Federal Reformatory Camp, Petersburg, Va 30.0 21,335.05
Federal Correctional Camp, Fort Eustis, Va
United States Penitentiary, McNeil Island, Wash................ ........... ............. 63.0 17.0 20.0 15,963.33 40,329.15 46,685.60
Total................................................ 192.0 735.0 233.0 60.0 6.0 1,226.0 41,739.82 693,583. 45 283, 598.51 81,422. 71 6,140.00 1,106,484.49
Grand total...................................... 1,191.6 6,106.7 745.9 913.1 9,739.7 18,697.0 511,355.82 7,378,924.03 894,758.23 759,163.32 15,614,950.65 25,159,152.05
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
The total value of construction under the public works and ways svstem in Federal and State institutions during the period covered by tliis study was $25,159,152, and 18,697 prisoners were engaged in this work. Road work was the largest item under this system, the value thereof, both new and repairs, being over $15,000,000. The value of new buildings erected was over $7,000,000, that of alterations and installations nearly $900,000, and that of other construction nearly $760,000.
In Georgia, nearly $5,000,000 worth of road work was done by the prisoners in State institutions. The value of road work done by prisoners in several other States—Alabama, California, Florida, Virginia, and West Virginia—reached over $1,000,000.
The value of new buildings erected in Pennsylvania was greater than in any other State, being over $1,000,000. In Illinois, the next highest State, the new buildings erected were valued at nearly $900,000.
Disposal of Goods Produced by PrisonersTable 10 shows the value of the goods sold inside the State where
produced and of those sold outside the State.
STATE AND FEDERAL PRISONS 25
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T able 10.— Value of goods sold inside and outside of State in which produced, by State and institutionSTATE PRISONS
Value of goods sold under—
State and institution State account Contract Piece price Total
WithinState
OutsideState Total Within
StateOutside
State Total WithinState
OutsideState Total Within
StateOutside
State Total
Alabama: State prison system..................................... . $207,333.90 $738,958.75 $946,292.65 0 0 0 $102,787.00$1,952,958.00$2,055,745.00 $310,120.90 $2,691,916.75 $3,002,037.65
Arizona: State prison............. 1,148.03 0 1,148.03 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,148.03 0 1,148.03Arkansas: State penitentiary . 191,818.83 0 191,818.83 0 0 0 0 0 0 191,818.83 0 191,818.83California:
State prisonat San Quentin. 357,590.06 0 357,590.06 0 0 0 0 0 0 357,590.06 0 357,590.06Folsom State prison_____ 11,190.85 0 11,190.85 0 0 0 0 0 0 11,190.85 0 11,190.85
Total.............................. 368,780.91 0 368,780.91 0 0 0 0 0 0 368,780.91 0 368,780.91Colorado:
State penitentiary............ 3,057. 31 0 3,057.31 0 0 0 0 0 0 3,057.31 0 3,057.31State reformatory............. 1, 585.12 0 1,585.12 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,585.12 0 1,585.12
Total___ ____________ 4,642.43 0 4,642.43 0 0 0 0 0 0 4,642.43 0 4,642.43Connecticut:
State reformatory............. 9,113. 55 100.00 9,213. 55 0 0 0 0 0 0 9,113.55 100.00 9,213.55State farm for women___ 1,920.00 0 1,920.00 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,920.00 0 1,920.00State prison...................... 0 0 0 0 0 0 10,786.00 404,384.00 415,170.00 10,786.00 404,384.00 415,170.00
Total.............................. 11,033. 55 100.00 11,133.55 0 0 0 10,786.00 404,384.00 415,170.00 21,819.55 404,484.00 426,303.55Delaware: New Castle
County workhouse.............. 5,652.63 0 5,652.63 0 0 0 0 144,423.00 144,423.00 5,652.63 144,423.00 150,075.63District of Columbia:
District reformatory------- 101.50 0 101.50 0 0 0 0 0 0 101.50 0 101.50District workhouse.......... 18.52 0 18.52 0 0 0 0 0 0 18.52 0 18.52
Total.............................. 120.02 0 120.02 0 0 0 0 0 0 120.02 0 120.02Florida: State farm................ 5,871.00 0 5,871.00 0 0 0 114,946.25 114,946.25 229,892.50 120,817.25 114,946.25 235,763. 50Idaho: State penitentiary----- 2,518.95 0 2,518.95 0 0 0 59,255.53 121,152.44 180,407.97 61,774.48 121,152.44 182,926.92
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
-O H
9ZIllinois:
State penitentiary______ 8,133.96550.68
4,065.490
12,199.45 550.58
0 0 0 o 0 0 8,133.96 4,065.490
12,199.45 550.58State reformatory_______ 0 0 0 0 0 0 550.58
State reformatory for women_______________ 47.53 0 47.53 0 0 0 0 o o 47.53 o 47.53
Southern penitentiary___ 19,898.84 0 19,898.84 0 0 0 0 0 0 19,898.84 0 19,898.84Total.............................. 28,630.91 4,065.49 32,696.40 0 0 0 0 0 o 28,630.91 4,065.49 32,696.40
Indiana:State reformatory_______ 53,570.37
16, 233.06 1,285.85
64,396.39 55,317.91
0117,966. 76 71,550.97 1,285.85 4,899.27
0 0 0 13,658.88 17,092.96
o604,695.50 80,823.78
o618,354.38 97,916.74
o67,229.25 33,326.02 1,285.85
52,553.16
669,091.89 136,141.69
o736,321.14 169,467.71
1,285.85 405,113.92
State farm_____________ 0 o oWnmfir) ’<? prison........... . 0 o oState prison____________ 1,322.00 3,577.27 0 o 0 51,231.16 348,983.49 400,214.65 352,560.76
Total.......................... . 72,411. 28 123,291.57 195,702.85 0 0 0 81,983.00 1,034,502.77 1,116,485.77 154,394.28 1,157,794.34 1,312,188.62Iowa:
Men’s reformatory______ 34,595.00 52, 645. 62
177.271,964.71
268,632.61 0
36,559. 71 321,278.23
177.27o o o 116,406.0
127,011.35 0
746,962. 25 190,517.03
0863,368.25 317.528.38
0151,001.00 179,656.97
177.27748,926.96 459,149.64
0899,927.96 638,806.61
177.27State penitentiary______ 0 0 oWomen’s reformatory___ 0 0 0
Total________________ 87,417.89 270,597.32 358,015.21 0 o 0 243,417.35 937,479.28 1,180,896.63 330,835.24 1,208,076.60 1,538,911.84Kansas:
State penitentiary______ 203,984.13 12,067.24
62.88
0 203,984.1312,067.24
62.88
o 0 0 0 0 0 203,984.13 12,067.24
62.88
0 203,984.1312,067.24
62.88
State industrial reformatory_________________ 0 o 0 o 0 0 0 0
State industrial farm for women_______________ o o o o 0 0 o 0Total________________ 216,114.25 o 216,114. 25 o 0 o 0 o 0 216,114. 25 0 216,114.25
Kentucky:State reformatory_______State penitentiary______
02,025.87
0o
02,025.87
119,865.9592,575.41
1,248,091.43 240,998.92
1,367,957.38 333,574.33
35,743.52 17,650.06
679,126.96 570,685. 57
714,870.48 588,335. 63
155,609.47 112,251.34
1,927,218.39 811,684.49
2,082,827.86923,935.83
Total________________ 2,025.87 0 2,025.87 212,441.36 1,489,090.35 1,701,531.71 53,393.58 1,249,812. 53 1,303,206.11 267,860.81 2,738,902.88 3,006,763.69Louisiana: State penitentiary - 255,460.36 0 255,460.36 0 0 0 0 0 0 255,460.36 0 255,460.36Maine:
State prison____________ 3, 559.69 5,460.49
o 3,559.69 5,460.49
0 0 0 0 0 0 3,559.69 5,460.49
0 3,559.69State reformatory for men. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5,460.49
Total.............................. 9,020.18 o 9,020.18 0 0 0 0 0 0 9,020.18 0 9,020.18Maryland:
House of correction_____ 4,508.86 858.45
0 4,508.86 2,182.45
19,201.24 86,519.65
364,825.02 1,101,479.36
384,026.26 1,187,999. 01
12,502.33o
237,544.17 0
250,046.500
36,212.43 87,378.10
602,369.19 1,102,803.36
638,581.62 1,190,181.46State penitentiary______ 1,324.00
Total.............................. 5,367.31 1,324.00 6,691.31 105,720.89 1,466,304.38 1,572,025.27 12,502.33 237,544.17 250,046.50 123,590.53 1,705,172.55 1,828,763.08
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e 10.— Value of goods sold inside and outside of State in which produced, by State and institution—ContinuedSTATE PRISONS—Continued
Value of goods sold under—
State and institution State account Contract Piece price Total
WithinState
OutsideState Total Within
StateOutside
State Total WithinState
OutsideState Total Within
StateOutside
State Total
Massachusetts:Prison camp____________ $20,093.95 $1,160.00 $21,253.95 0 0 0 0 0 0 $20,093.95 $1,160.00 $21,253.95State farm............. .......... 68.40 0 58.40 0 0 0 0 0 0 58.40 0 58.40Massachusetts reforma
tory................................Women's reformatory___
784.95 695.21 1,480.16 0 0 0 0 0 0 784.95 695.21 1,480.16
823.79 0 823.79 0 0 0 0 0 0 823.79 0 823.79State prison____________ 78,440.37 38,336.69 116,777.08 0 0 0 0 0 0 78,440.37 38,336.69 116,777.06
Total________________ 100.201.46 40,191.90 140,393.36 0 0 0 0 0 0 100,20L 46 40,191.90 140,393.36Michigan:
Detroit house of correction 22,538.79 500.20 23,038.99 0 0 0 0 0 0 22,538.79 500.20 23,038.99State prison...................... 459,433.95 323,183.69 782,617.64 0 0 0 0 0 0 459,433.95 323,183.69 782,617.64House of correction and
branch prison................ 78,016.85 164,373.43 242,390.28 0 0 0 0 0 0 78,016.85 164,373.43 242,39a 28State reformatory............. 172,970.15 950,815.53 1,123,785.68 0 0 0 0 0 0 172,97a 15 950,815.53 1,123,785.68
Total.............................. 732,959.74 1,438,872.85 2,171,832.59 0 0 0 0 0 0 732,959.74 1,438,872.85 2,171,832.59Minnesota:
State prison....................... 1,471,016.00 681,418.00 2,152,434.00 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,471,016.00 681,418.00 2,152,434.00State reformatory for men. 1,129.00 0 1,129.00 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,129.00 0 1,129.00State reformatory for
women............... .......... 731.00 0 731.00 0 0 0 0 0 0 731.00 0 731.00Total.............................. 1,472.876.00 681,418.00 2,154,294.00 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,472,876.00 681,418.00 2,191,294.00
Mississippi: State penitentiary __.................................. 233,947.24 0 233,947.24 0 0 0 0 0 0 233,947.24 0 233,947.24
Missouri:State reformatory......... 12,030.11 0 12,030.11 0 0 0 0 0 0 12,030.11 0 12,030.11State penitentiary............ 1,932,323.39 0 1,932,323.39 0 0 0 $114,420.00 $147,610.00 $262,030.00 2,046,743.39 147,610.00 2,194,353.39
Total..................... ........ 1,944,353.50 0 1,944,353.50 0 0 0 114,420.00 147,610.00 262,030.00 2,058,773.50 147,610.00 2,206,383.50
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Montana: State prison______ 6,873.94 0 6,873.94 0 0 0 0 0 0 6,873,94 0 6,873.94Nebraska:
State penitentiary______ 6,119.84 5,344.45 11,464.29 $1,693.75 0 $1,693.75 17,445.04 314,321.80 331,766.84 25,258.63 319,666.25 344,924.88State reformatory for men. 3,058.40 0 3,058.40 352.50 0 352.50 312.45 130,755.95 131,068.40 3,723.35 130,755.95 134,479.30State reformatory for
women....... .................... 1,346.10 0 1,346.10 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,346.10 0 1,346.10Total............. ................ 10,524.34 5,344.45 15,868.79 2,046.25 0 2,046.25 17,757.49 445,077.75 462,835.24 30,328.08 450,422.20 480,75a 28
Nevada: State penitentiary 904.40 0 904.40 0 0 0 0 0 0 904.40 0 904.40New Hampshire: State
prison.................................... 0 0 0 2,049.45 $184,527.29 186,576.74 0 0 0 2,049.45 184,527.29 186,576.74New Mexico: State peniten
tiary..................................... 18,089.66 0 18,089.66 0 0 0 0 0 0 18,089.66 0 18,089.66New York:
State reformatory_______ 373.30 0 373.30 0 0 0 0 0 0 373.30 0 373.30State prison for men......... 126.00 0 126.00 0 0 0 0 0 0 126.00 0 126.00
Total________________ 499.30 0 499.30 0 0 0 0 0 0 499.30 0 499.30North C a ro lin a : S t a t e ’ s
prison................................... 86,042.-97 10,042.10 96,085.07 225,189.37 0 225,189.37 0 0 0 311,232.34 10,042.10 321,274.44North Dakota: State peni
tentiary__________________ 214,240.70 1,795.29 216,035.99 0 0 0 0 0 0 214,240.70 1,795.29 216,035.99Ohio:
State reformatory_______ 416.00 0 416.00 0 0 0 0 0 0 416.00 0 416.00State penitentiary______ 155.50 0 155.00 0 0 0 0 0 0 155.50 0 155.50
Total________________ 571.50 0 571.50 0 0 0 0 0 0 571.50 0 571.50Oklahoma:
State penitentiary______ 129,570.09 27,500.55 157,070.64 0 0 0 59,036.00 531,323.00 590,359.00 188,606.09 558,823.55 747,429.64State reformatory_______ 10,823.41 0 10,823.41 0 0 0 0 0 0 10,823.41 0 10,823.41
Total.............................. 140,393.50 27,500.55 167,894.05 0 0 0 59,036.00 531,323.00 590,359.00 199,429.50 558,823.55 758,253.05Oregon: State penitentiary.. . 52,198.57 27,097.00 79,295.57 0 0 0 0 0 0 52,198.57 27,097.00 79,295.57Pennsylvania:
Eastern State penitentiary............................... 5,858.90 0 5,858.90 0 0 0 0 0 0 5,858.90 0 5,858.90
State industrial home___ 58.64 0 58.64 0 0 0 0 0 0 58.64 0 58.64Western State peniten
tiary at Rockview_____ 101.67 0 101.67 0 0 0 0 0 0 101.67 0 101.67Total------------------------- 6,019.21 0 6,019.21 0 0 0 0 0 0 6,019.21 0 6,019.21
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e 10.— Value of goods sold inside and outside of State in which produced, by State and institution— ContinuedSTATE PRISONS—Continued
09©
Value of goods sold under—
State and institution State account Contract Piece price Total
WithinState
OutsideState Total Within
StateOutside
State Total WithinState
OutsideState Total Within
StateOutside
State Total
Rhode Island:State prison and Provi
dence County jail......... $870.46 0 $870.46 0 0 0 $4,127.50 $387,020.25 $391,147.75 $4,997.96 $387,020.25 $392,018.21Reformatory for women. . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4,132.50 4,132.50 0 4,132.50 4,132.50
Total............................. 870.46 0 870.46 0 0 0 4,127.50 391,152.75 395, 280.25 4,997.96 391,152.75 396,150.71
South Carolina: State peni$236,379.90tentiary................................ 16,817.57 0 16,817. 57 $49,639. 77 $186,740.13 0 0 0 66,457.34 186,740.13 253,197.47
South Dakota: State penitentiary................................ 206,126.63 $169,946.39 376,073.02 0 0 0 0 0 0 206,126.63 169,946.39 376,073.02
Tennessee:State penitentiary............ 11,183.80 0 11,183.80 182,521.06 1,159,991.34 1, 342,512.40 0 0 0 193,704.86 1,159,991.34 1,353,696.20Brushy Mountain peni
tentiary______________ 98,217.07 0 98, 217.07 0 0 0 0 0 0 98,217.07 0 98,217.07
Total................ ............ 109,400.87 0 109,400.87 182,521.06 1,159,991.34 1,342,512.40 0 0 0 291,921.93 1,159,991.34 1,451,913.27
Texas: Prison system............. 397,632.78 0 387,632.78 0 0 0 0 0 0 397,632.78 0 397,632.78Utah: State prison.................. 446.34 270.00 716.34 0 0 0 0 0 0 446.34 270.00 716.34
Vermont:State prison and house of
correction for men......... 2,456.14 420.00 2,876.14 0 0 0 4,153.13 229,716.90 233,870.03 6,609.27 230,136.90 236,746.17State prison and house of
correction for women. __ 15,689.53 0 15,689.53 0 0 0 0 0 0 15,689.53 0 *5,689.53
Total........... —.............. 18,145. 67 420.00 18, 565.67 0 0 0 4,153.13 229,716.90 233,870.03 22,298.80 230,136.90 252,435.70
Virginia:State penitenitary............ 37,862.35 0 37,862.35 19,489.45 88,489.95 107,979.40 13, 235.95 251,482.80 264,718.75 70,587.75 339,972.75
234,635.20410,560.50
State farm......................... 23,581.86 0 23,581.86 0 0 0 12,346.05 234,635. 20 246,981. 25 35,927.91 270,563.11
Total.............................. 61,444.21 0 61,444. 21 19,489.45 88,489.95 107,979.40 25,582.00 486,118.00 511,700.00 106,515.66 574,607.95 681,123.61
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Washington:State penitentiary.......... _State reformatory.............
5,233.72 3,609.05
00
5,233.723,609.05
00
00
00
00
00
00
5,233.72 3,609.05
00
5,233.72 3,609.05
Total____ ____________ 8,842.77 0 8,842.77 0 0 0 0 0 0 8,842.77 0 8,842.77West Virginia: State peni
tentiary................................ 0 0 0 78,521.60 177,098.65 255,620.25 57,462.05 964,949.05 1,022,411.10 135,983.65 1,142,047.70 1,278,031.35Wisconsin:
I nd us t r i a l home forwomen.......... ................ 626.00 0 626.00 0 0 0 0 0 0 626.00 0 626.00
State prison...................... 402,363. 00 59,030.00 461,393.00 23,843.00
9,906.00 420,295.00 430, 201.00 436.00 21,365.00 21,801.00 412,705.00 500,690.00 913,395.00State reformatory............. 22,518.00 1,325.00 0 0 0 0 0 0 22,518.00 1,325.00 23,843.00
Total.............................. 425,507.00 60,355.00 485,862.00 9,906.00 420, 295.00 430, 201.00 436.00 21, 365.00 21,801.00 435,849.00 502,015.00 937,864.00Wyoming:
State industrial institute. 16,136.44 19,291.71 35,428.15 0 0 0 0 0 0 16,136.44 19,291.71 35,428.15State penitentiary............ 5,936.00 0 5,936.00 0 0 0 0 167,441.25 167,441.25 5,936.00 167,441.25 173,377.25
Total.............................. 22,072.44 19,291.71 41,364.15 0 0 0 0 167,441. 25 167,441.25 22,072.44 186,732.96 208,805.40Total, State prisons___ 7,763,371.07 3,620,882.37 11,384,253.44 887,525.20 5,172,537.09 6,060,062. 29962,045.21 9,581,956.14 10,544,001.35 9,612,941.48 18,375,375.60 27,988,317.08
FEDERAL PRISONS
California:United States Naval
Prison............................ $9,626.00 0 $9,626.00 0 0 0 0 0 0 $9,626. 00 0 $9,626.00Pacific Branch, United
Sta tes DisciplinaryBarracks-------------------- 22,578.85 0 22,578.85 0 0 0 0 0 0 22,578.85 0 22, 578.8 5Total-____ ___________ 32,204. 85 0 32,204.85 0 0 0 0 0 0 32, 204.85 0 32,204.85
South Carolina: UnitedStates Naval Prison............ 22,374.04 0 22,374.04 0 0 0 0 0 0 22,374.04 0 22,374.04
Virginia* Federal CorrectionalCamp.................................... 699. 51 0 699.51 0 0 0 0 0 0 699. 51 0 699.51
Total, Federal prisons. 55,278. 40 0 55,278.40 0 0 0 0 0 0 55, 278.40 0 55,278.40Grand total................... 7,818,649.47 $3,620,882.37 11,439,531.84 $887,525.20$5,172,537.09 $f>f060,062.29 $962,045.21 $9,581,956.141 $10,544,001.35 9,668,219.88 $18,375,375.60 28,043,595.48
CO
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
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Of the $27,988,317 worth of goods manufactured in State prisons under other systems than State use and public works and ways, 65.7 percent was sold outside the State where produced and 34.3 percent was sold within the State. Of the goods produced under the State- account system, 68.2 percent was sold within the State and 31.8 percent outside the State, while of those produced under the contract system, 14.6 percent was sold within the State and 85.4 percent outside the State. Only 9.1 percent of the goods produced under the piece-price system was sold in the State where it was manufactured and 90.9 percent was sold in other States.
All goods produced under the State-use system was sold in the State where produced, except for automobile license tags and road signs, valued at $14,695, made in Indiana for other State governments.
No goods were produced in Federal prisons under the contract or piece-price systems. The only goods produced under the State- account system were articles sold to guards, Army and Navy officers, etc., which were all sold in the State where produced.
Contract SystemsTable 11 shows the value and class of articles produced under
contract, together with the amounts paid by the contractor to the institutions and to the prisoners.
T a b l e 11.— Value and class of articles produced under contract, and amounts paid institutions and prisoners by contractors, by State and institution
32 PRISON LABOR IN UNITED STATES, 1932
State and institution
Average
daily number of prisoners work
ing under contract
Articles produced
Value Article
Amount paid institution for labor of prisoners
Amount paid to
prisoners by contractor
System under which goods
were produced
Alabama: State prison system.
Connecticut State prison Delaware: New Castle
County workhouse. Florida: State farm............Idaho: State penitentiary.. Indiana: State Reforma
tory.
State farm.
State prison..Iowa
len’s reformatory-----
State penitentiary-----Kentucky:
State penitentiary___
474.0 $1,366,480.00253.0 689,265.00407.0 415,170.00206.0 144,423.00
122.0 105,018.00141.0 124,874.50166.0 180,407.97261.0 170,667.0879.0 41,369.70
413.0 311,317.60185.0 95,000.00104.0 74,997.2519.0 22,919.49
443.0 288,117.60118.0 112,097.05490.0 859,276.25
1.0 846.004.0 8,246.00
259.0 317,528.38
73.0 183,636.6050.0 123,317.7310.0 26,620.0043.0 61,450.40
558.0 526,885. 23
Shirts, dress........Underwear..........Shirts, work____Pants...................Underwear..........Shirts, work........----- do..................Pants...................Shirts, work.............Children's play suits.Underwear...............Shirts, work.............Other manufactured
products.Shirts, work.............. — do.......................
Pajamas and nightgowns.
Miscellaneous clothing, labor only.
Shirts, work.............Brooms....................Harness, pieces........Harness, sets...........Children’s play suits. Shirts, work_______
$131,831.5857,753.41 49,064.9320.631.9211.376.92 10,447.77 14,550.83 22,469.4636,173.6620,778.89 8,712.502,605.68
43,796.69 17,118.49
74,345.41
45,755.73
22,831.33 20,572.3179,284.68
$3,414.70 0)
14,260.04 000
1,376.93 0 0
■ 8
Piece price. Do.Do.Do.Do.Do.Do.Do.Do.Do.Do.Do.Do.
Do.Do.Do.Do.Do.Do.
Contract.Do.Do.
Piece price. Do.
1 Not reported.
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STATE AND FEDERAL PRISONS 33T a b l e 11 ,— Value and class of articles produced under contract, and amounts paid
institutions and prisoners by contractors, by State and institution— Continued
State and institution
Average
daily number of prisoners work
ing under contract
Articles produced
Amount paid institution for labor of prisoners
Amount paid to
prisoners by contractor
System under which goods
were producedValue Article
Kentucky—ContinuedState reformatory____ 322.0 $345,089.85 Shirts, work__ 0 Piece price.
432.0 444,426.37 .......do.__................- 0 Contract.78.0 57,709.00 Children’s play suits. *1*70 17R *70 0 Piece price.
268.0 484,048.89 Pajamas and night 0 Contract.gowns.
184.0 312,071.63 ____do_______ _____ 0 Piece price.83.0 196,626.50 Brooms.................... 27,420.06 0 Contract.
179.0 242,855.62 Chairs, wood........... 48,798.32 0 Do.Maryland:
House of correction___ 250.0 361,127.83 Pants........................ Do.49.0 32,386. 75 .......do....................... • 84,697.99 $28,666.33 Piece price.
161.0 217,659.75 Shirts, work............. Do.16.0 15,734.64 Miscellaneous metal Contract.
products. • 6,899.40 2,431.978.0 7,163.79 Baskets.................... Do.
State penitentiary..._ 7.0 15,792.60 Castings___ _______ 2,044.50 1,410.41 Do.535.0 1,049,130.91 Pants........................ 105,399.11 74,001.13 Do.14.0 52,386. 75 Davenports, sofas, Do.
etc.18.8 70,146.25 Chairs, wood............ • 8,762.75 4,549.58 Do.
.2 542.50 Miscellaneous furni Do.ture.
Missouri: State peniten 29.2 43,104.00 Chairs, fiber............. o Piece price.tiary. 64.2 95,071.00 Chairs, wood............ 0 Do.
62.6 92,728.00 Davenports, sofas, 0 Do.etc. ► 36,786.00
3.9 5,747.00 Tables............ ......... 0 Do.17.1 25,380.00 Miscellaneous furni 0 Do*
ture.Nebraska:
State penitentiary____ 128.0 83,799.00 Shirts, work_______ 0 Do.1.0 540.00 Overalls----------------- 0 Do.
320.0 246, 553.80 Pants.................... •— 0 Do.1.0 874.04 Miscellaneous cloth • 42,336.43 0 Do.
ing, labor only.5.0 1,693.75 Miscellaneous, labor 0 Contract.
only.State reformatory for 133.0 131,068.40 Pants....... ............... o Piece price.
men. 1.0 352.50 Miscellaneous, labor • 15,288.02 0 Contract.only.
New Hampshire: State 140.0 186,576.74 Chairs, wood............ 20,464.60 0 Do.prison.
North Carolina: State's 157.0 140,683.43 Stone, crushed......... 37,352.33 0 Do.prison. 111.0 84,505.94 ____do—___________ 28,861.60 0 Do.
Oklahoma: State peniten 950.0 590,359.00 Pants........................ 78,011.06 13,626.00 Piece price.tiary.
Bhode Island:State prison................. 300.0 391,147.75 Shirts, work............. 62,612.16 0 Do.B e f o r m a t o r y for 6.0 4,132.50 Shirts, dress............. 376.37 0 Do.
women.South Carolina: State pen 29.0 37,013.94 Chairs, fiber............. /Contract.
itentiary. 72.0 90,191.57 Chairs, wood............ Do.80.0 101,297.33 Davenports, sofas, Do.
etc. 62,495.98 7,610.895.0 * 6,147.92 Tables...................... Do.2.0 1,729.14 Miscellaneous furni- Do.
niture.Tennessee: State peni 72.0 74,955.00 Castings................... 29,026.70 0 Do.
tentiary. 102.0 85,500.00 ....... do....................... 36,536.25 0 Do.120.0 93,164.40 Hosiery.................... 20,295.47 0 Do.383.0 466,605.00 Shirts, work............. 52,101.85 0 Do.566.0 622,288.00 .......do....................... 84,746.05 0 Do.
Vermont: State prison 175.0 233,870.03 Shoes, new............... (*> 11,136.84 Piece price.and house of correctionfor men.
f2 $11,136.84 was paid institution by contractor, but all of it was credited to the accounts of the prisoners
engaged on this work.
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34 PRISON LABOR IN UNITED STATES, 1932
T a b l e 11.— Value and class of articles produced under contract, and amounts paid institutions and prisoners by contractors, by State and institution— Continued
Average
Articles produced
State and institution
number of prisoners work
ing under contract
Value Article
Amount paid institution for labor of prisoners
Amount paid to
prisoners by contractor
System under which goods
were produced
Virginia:State penitentiary____ 302.0 $264,718.75
39,790.1134.192.4728.236.483,472.972,287.37
246.981.25211.838.25 43,782.00
634,154.80 388,256.30
} 430,201.00167.441.25
Pants_____________ $46,054.15 $1,389.00 Piece price. /Contract.80.0 Chairs, fiber_______
70.0 Chairs, wood______ Do.58.07.05.0
Davenports, sofas,Miscellaneous furni
ture.Tables____________
17,742.90 3,419.84Do.Do.Do.
State farm__________ 175.0 Pants_____________ 28,206.98 } 22,381.30
360.00 9,195.00
Piece price. /Contract.West Virginia: State peni
tentiary.106.0 Brooms___________31.0 Whips____________ \ Do.
391.0 Pants............ ........... 54,214.43 48,348.98
/ 58,224.000 Piece price.
Do.267.0 Shirts, work_______ 0Wisconsin: State prison___ 209.0 Hosiery___________ 10,474.00
1,090.000
Contract. Piece price.
Do.Wyoming: State penitentiary.
43.0172.0 Shirts, work_______
\ 5,087.00 12.440.97
There was a daily average of 13,436 prisoners working under the contract and piece-price systems, and these prisoners produced goods valued at $16,582,263.
The 52 contractors paid to the State penal institutions $2,052,292, which is 12.4 percent of the value of goods produced under these contracts. Alabama and Kentucky each produced goods having a valuation of over $2,000,000 and the following States produced goods valued at between $1,000,000 and $2,000,000: Indiana, Iowa, Maryland, Tennessee, and West Virginia.
More contracts were awarded for the making of shirts than for any other class of goods. Of the 52 contracts awarded, 19 include the making of shirts and 10 include the making of pants.
Table 12 shows the number of contracts awarded under these systems in which clothing, food, housing, machinery, etc., were furnished by the prisons and the number in which such items were furnished by the contractor.
T a b l e 1 3 .— Number of contracts under which specified items were furnished by the prison or by the contractor in institutions producing goods under piece-price or contract systems
Item
Number of contracts where specified item was furnished by—
Prison Contractor
Clothing____________________ _____ 52Food................ .................................. 52Foremen. _____ ____________ _______ 3 49Guards___ ____ __________ ____ ___ 52Housing___ _____________________ 52Machinery_______________________ 5 47Power and light___________ ______ 23 29Tools.............. .............................. g 44Workrooms 1______________________ 48 2
1 The North Carolina State Prison contracted with 2 firms to do quarrying, which required no work-
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In the case of all the 52 contracts, clothing, food, guards, and housing were furnished by the prisons. The contractors paid the foremen in49 cases, and machinery was furnished by the contractors in 47 cases. Workrooms were furnished by the prisons in 48 cases, and in 2 cases no workrooms were required as the contracts were for quarrying. In the 2 cases where the contractors furnished the workrooms, they simply paid rent to the prison for the rooms.
Compensation to PrisonersThe Bureau endeavored to obtain information concerning amounts
paid to prisoners in all State and Federal institutions. It was impossible to tabulate the information obtained, as many States made payments on various bases in the same institution.
Of the 116 State institutions, 66 paid money compensation to all or part of the inmates, 48 paid no compensation of any kind, and 2 allowed time credit on the sentence for prisoners doing certain classes of work, this being in addition to time off for good behavior. Seven of the 12 Federal institutions paid wages to prisoners and 5 did not. In most of the institutions the pay was merely nominal, generally ranging from 2 to 15 cents per day.
State Prisons
Alabama.—The State paid all prisoners 15 cents per week. In addition, prisoners employed in the cotton mills were paid extra* when they worked overtime, the regular hours of work being 10 per day. The shirt company which had a contract in this institution paid the prisoner a bonus of $1 for each task completed over the daily set task; for example, if a prisoner’s task was 500 dozens per day, and he completed 1,100 dozens in a day, he received a bonus o f $ 1 ? ° *California.—At both the State prison at San Quentin and the Folsom State prison, prisoners working on State highways at the road camp were paid $2.10 per day. From this amount each paid his pro-rata share of camp expenses. The net payment, about 40 to 55 cents per day, was paid to the prisoners upon release. In addition, such prisoners were allowed 3 days’ time against their sentence for every 2 worked.
Connecticut.—In the State prison all prisoners received a wage of 8, 10, or 12 cents per day, depending on their conduct and industrial record. At the State farm for women, 14 inmates in the laundry, serving long terms, were paid approximately $35 per year each. These were the only inmates who received any wages.
Delaware.—Inmates of the New Castle County workhouse received 15 cents per day for prison duties and farm work. Certain key men, however, received from $5 to $15 per month, and those employed on contract work received an average of about $4 per month.
District of Columbia.—All inmates in the District reformatory or the District workhouse, after 60 days’ confinement, received from 5 to 15 cents per day.
Idaho.—Prisoners in the penitentiary who worked on productive work in the shirt factory received 22 cents for a week’s quota of shirts. When the set quota had been reached the prisoner could stop work, but if he kept on and produced more than the quota he got 25 cents
STATE AND FEDERAL PRISONS 35
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for each day’s task over the daily quota. Nonproductive workers received a flat monthly rate ranging from $1.25 to $6.88. Only skilled mechanics, markers, and office workers received over $2 per month.
Indiana.—General operators in the shirt shop in the State reformatory received about $2 per month, those in the pants and underwear shop about $1.50 per month, and those in the foundry approximately $2.30 per month. A few other men received more. One class—head clerks, head cutters, mechanics, etc.—received from $6 to $8 per month, and another class—assistants in offices and on the floors— received $4 per month. Apprentices received $1 per month. At the State farm the wages averaged 25 cents per day for inmates sentenced to prison for desertion of or for failure to support wife or child, such wages being paid to the dependents of such inmates. There were about five such cases a year. No other inmates received wages. In the State prison, prisoners engaged on maintenance and construction work, on clerical work, and in State shops received from 3 to 5 cents per day, depending upon ability and willingness to produce. In the piece-price shop inmates were paid on a task basis, and the rates varied according to the work done. Nonproductive workers in the piece-price shops received a flat rate, depending on ability and willingness to work.
Iowa.—In the men’s reformatory, except for a few who received a flat rate—from $1 to $6 per month—prisoners employed in the piece- price apron industry received a strictly piece-rate wage, which averaged about $4.40 per month. Those working in the stone quarry received 10 cents per day, while those in the soap, tag, tailor, printing, tin, and cheese departments received 2 cents per hour. Prisoners engaged in farm, construction, and maintenance work were paid wages. Each girl in the women’s reformatory, after incarceration for 6 months or longer, received 2 cents per day while working. In the State penitentiary women engaged in the contract shirt and furniture factories received a piece-price wage which averaged about 25 cents per day, while those in 11 other mdustries— shoes, sweeping compound, rendering, brooms, brushes, knitting, weaving, hosiery, furniture assembly, quarry, and potato—received a flat daily wage of 25 cents. Inmates working as clerks, as maintenance workers, m power production, in the tailor shop, and doing general farm and construction work did not receive any wage or bonus.
Kansas.—Each inmate of the State industrial farm for women received 3 cents per day for the first month and 5 cents per day thereafter. In the State industrial reformatory all convicts were paid 4 cents per day for the time they served regardless of the work done. In the State prison all prisoners received 4 cents per day from the State appropriation. Those working in coal mines had a set task per day, and prisoners producing more than this set task were paid50 cents for each ton produced over the task.
Louisiana—In the State prison trusty guards, upon being discharged, received $2 for each month they were on guard duty. No other prisoners were paid.
Maryland.—At the State penal farm all prisoners were paid 25 cents per day when working. In the State house of correction the State compensated prisoners as follows: In the shirt shop and the pants shop 25 cents per task; on construction work, 50 cents per day; and
3 6 PRISON LABOR IN UNITED STATES, 1932
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on farm and maintenance work, from $2 to $6 per month, averaging about $3 per month. No compensation was paid to idle or sick prisoners. Contractors in this mstitution paid 20 to 25 cents per task, with a bonus per over-task of 75 cents to $1. In the State penitentiary prisoners employed in the shoe, printing, and auto-tag shops received from 25 cents to $1 per day from the State. Prisoners in the sewing room and on maintenance work received an average compensation of about $3.25 per month. Idle and sick prisoners received no compensation. Contractors in this prison paid from 20 to 25 cents per task, with a bonus of 75 cents to $1 per over-task.
Massachusetts.— Prisoners in the State prison received a bonus based on profits from sales of goods produced by them—25 percent of such profits were given to the State and one half of the excess was distributed among the prisoners. The average paid to each convict in 1932 was $59.68.
Michigan.—In the State prison wages ranging from 5 to 95 cents per day were paid to all productive and nonproductive workers. The average wage of nonproductive or maintenance men was about 15 cents per day and that of productive men about 20 cents per day, while farm workers received 15 cents per day. In the State house of correction and branch prison inmates working in the shops were paid a varying rate per day, depending upon the nature of the work and their ability and willingness to work. In the sawmill the average rate per day for 1932 was 15 cents; in the box shop, 10 cents; in the snow- fence shop, 25 cents; in the overall shop, 15 cents; and on farm work, 10 cents. All men on maintenance work were compensated at the rate of 5 cents per day. In the Detroit House of Correction compensation was paid to all prisoners, the amount depending on length of sentence. A prisoner sentenced to less than 15 days received 10 cents; to 15 but less than 30 days, 25 cents; to 30 days, 50 cents; to 60 days, 75 cents; to 90 days, $1; to over 90 days, 10 cents per day while working. In the State reformatory all productive and all nonproductive or maintenance workers were paid, the wages being based on the nature of the task and the willingness and ability of the prisoner to produce. In the shirt and furniture shops inmates received compensation for production in excess of a set task, but there was no payment for production under the set task. Rates varied with the operations. Earnings ranged from 10 to 25 cents per day in the furniture shop and from 10 to 40 cents per day in the shirt shop, with the majority earning about 15 cents per day in the furniture shop and about 20 cents per day in the shirt shop. Farm and construction men earned 10 cents per day; clerks, 25 cents per day; unskilled maintenance men, 10 cents per day; skilled maintenance men, power-house electricians, oilers, and engineers, 25 cents per day; and truck drivers and mechanics, 25 cents per day.
Minnesota.—In the State prison the scale of wages in the twine plant, the farm-machinery shop, the printing shop, the tailor shop, and for farm, garden, and dairy work, ranged from 25 to 90 cents per day, with the inmates on production in twine, rope, and machinery on a piecework basis. In the State reformatory for men wages were paid at the rate of 6 to 15 cents per day according to grade of work and effort and conduct of the prisoner. In the State reformatory for women, the wages ranged from 10 to 15 cents per day, depending on effort and conduct markings, not production.
STATE AND FEDERAL PRISONS 37
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Montana.—In the State prison the State pays nothing to inmates. Employees in the barber shop, the tailor shop, and the laundry doing work for guards, however, are paid for this work by the guards and are allowed to keep the money.
Nebraska.—In the State penitentiary each worker in the piece-rate shirt and pants industries got 20 cents a task, the task set varying with the operation. The earnings averaged about $2.50 per month. In the furniture plant, where a strict piece rate by operation was in effect, the earnings averaged about $5 a month during the year covered, but would have been much more if the factory had been busy. A few special artisans could make $15 per month. In construction, a day rate of 25 cents while working was paid, except in the case of a few artisans who drew 50 cents per day. Farm workers were allowed 1 cent per bushel for husking corn. In the State reformatory for men wages were paid only in the pants factory. The rate was 15 cents per task, which was a given number of garments, depending upon the operation. Earnings averaged about $2.50 per month during the year covered.
Nevada.—Inmates of the State prison who did farm work were paid 10 cents for each day spent at the farm. Other inmates received no compensation.
New Hampshire.—In the State prison each inmate received 10 cents per day for each day worked.
New Jersey.—The State paid each inmate in the State reformatory approximately 3 cents per day. In the State prison all prisoners received wages ranging from 5 to 25 cents per day, depending on the character of the work performed.
New York.—All inmates in the Attica State prison who were assigned to farm, grading, or maintenance work received an average of 5 cents per day. In the State prison for women, girls working in the shops and on maintenance work received 1% cents per day. In the Clinton Prison all industrial work was placed on a piece basis wherever possible. Inmates engaged on farm or general maintenance work received 5 cents per day. Inmates who were idle through no fault of their own received 2 cents per day, but those idle through punishment or by reason of their own misconduct received nothing. Upon discharge, inmates received $20 in cash. In the Great Meadow Prison wages ranged from 5 to 30 cents per day. All who were sick or idle because of lack of work received 2 cents per day, but those idle through their own fault received nothing. At the Westfield State Farm 1 cent per hour was paid to power-machine operators for all satisfactory work, and 2 cents to clerical workers and specially skilled workers in industry. Only those inmates engaged in productive work received wages; those employed at maintenance tasks and those who were idle or sick received nothing. In Sing Sing Prison prisoners in the printing shop, knitting shop, and maintenance department received 5 cents per day, but all other industrial departments were on a piecework basis, and their earnings ranged from 5 to 30 cents per day. Inmates locked up or under punishment received nothing. Prisoners idle through no fault of their own received2 cents per day. The average wage per inmate during 1932 was 21 cents per day. Prisoners in the State prison for men at Auburn were paid wages according to work performed. Inmates working on prison industries averaged 20 cents per day; on construction work,
38 PRISON LABOR IN UNITED STATES, 1932
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farm and dairy work, and repairs and renewals, from 5 to 10 cents per day; on general maintenance work, 5 cents per day; those idle because of lack of work, 2 cents per day; those idle because of sickness,2 cents per day; inmates willfully idle or under discipline were not paid.
North Dakota.—In the State penitentiary everybody on duty got 25 cents per day and 10 cents per hour for time over 10 hours per day. The daily wage applied to all maintenance duties as well as to production.
Ohio.—All inmates of the State reformatory for women who were engaged in productive or maintenance work received 1 cent per hour, winch was paid to them in full when they were discharged from the institution. A few inmates who unloaded railroad coal cars and loaded the small cars for the boiler room received 3 cents per hour when unloading and 1 cent per hour when loading coal into the boiler- room cars. In the State penitentiary married men with dependents received a maximum of 5 cents and unmarried men a maximum of 1 cent per hour for all productive and maintenance work. Ninety percent of the married men's earnings were sent to their dependents quarterly, the other 10 percent being paid to them upon discharge. The single men received their earnings upon discharge. At the London Prison Farm married men received a maximum of 5 cents per hour and unmarried men a maximum of 1 cent per hour, the wages being paid in the same way as in the State penitentiary. In the State reformatory wages were paid at the same rate and in the same manner as in the State penitentiary.
Oklahoma.—A bonus was paid by the contractor to prisoners in the State penitentiary for each unit produced over a set task, the rates varying with the type of work done. The State also paid a bonus to prisoners during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1932, amounting to $9,369.08. The rates paid the prisoners were not stated.
Oregon.—In the State penitentiary an average of 35 cents per day was paid to prisoners working in the flax industry, the rates varying from 25 to 50 cents per day.
Pennsylvania.—In the eastern State penitentiary compensation varying from 10 to 61 cents per day was paid to all prisoners on maintenance, farm, and productive work. In the State industrial reformatory inmates working in the maintenance shops, on the farm, and at ordinary prison duties received from 10 to 20 cents per day, depending upon the task and the willingness and ability of the inmate to work. In the furniture and printing shops inmates received 10 cents per day plus a bonus for production in excess of a set task, the bonus rate varying with the operation. On an average, furniture-shop men earned $2.15 and printing-shop men $1.35 per month. In the western State penitentiary, Pittsburgh, all maintenance men received 10 cents per day. All men employed in the brush, tag, weaving, and clothing shops received from 25 to 65 cents per day, depending upon the nature of the work and the skill and application of the man; the average rate paid was approximately 40 cents per day. At the Kockview Farms in the western part of the State, all maintenance men on good behavior received 10 cents per day. All men in the department which produces for outside sales were paid 50 cents per day. This department operates the cannery, the vegetable garden, the nursery, and the hot-house.
STATE AND FEDERAL PRISONS 39
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Rhode Island.—The State pays the prisoners in the State prison working in the shirt factory a bonus for all work performed in excess of a required amount, the bonus varying with the class of work performed. The total bonus paid to prisoners working on piecework in the shirt shop during 1932 was $9,198.18. Inmates at floor work, shipping, etc., were paid $2 per month.
South Carolina.— In the State penitentiary prisoners employed in the furniture and tag plants were paid on a piecework basis, the rates varying with the type of work done. In the furniture plant the average wage was approximately 7 cents per hour and in the tag plant about 3 cents per hour.
South Dakota.—Prisoners in the State penitentiary received 25 cents per 8-hour day in the twine plant, the auto-tag plant, the printing shop, the tailor shop, and the quarry. Long-time men on farm and garden work got 25 cents per day, while short-time men received 15 cents per day. Prisoners working at crushing stone on the rock pile got 15 cents per day. Inmates working in the kitchen, dining rooms, or library, or doing janitor work received 25 cents per day.
Tennessee.—In the Brushy Mountain Penitentiary prisoners working in the coal mines received 20 cents per ton for coal produced in excess of a daily set task.
Vermont.—All inmates of the State prison and house of correction for women who worked either on productive labor or on ordinary prison duties were paid at least $2 per month and a few received $3 or $4. In addition, at the time of discharge each inmate received a sum equal to $1 per month for each month served. In the State prison and house of correction for men each prisoner received on the day of his discharge compensation at the rate of $1 per month for each month served, but not to exceed $100. In the shoe shop prisoners received in addition a piece rate per 100 dozen, the rate varying with the operation.
Virginia.—In the State penitentiary prisoners, when working, received 10 cents per day from the State. In addition, the State paid prisoners regularly employed in the printing shop, shoe-repairing shop, woodworking shop, clothing shop, and tag plant from 10 to 25 cents per day according to their ability. The contractor in the pants shop also paid to some prisoners a bonus ranging from 50 cents to $9 per month. In the contract furniture shop prisoners were paid, in addition to the regular pay of 10 cents per day, a bonus when producing more than a set task. At the State farm prisoners, when working, received 10 cents per day from the State. In the pants factory the State paid in addition a bonus of 75 cents per task over a set task. The contractor also paid a bonus ranging from 50 cents to $6 per month to prisoners doing office work and in key positions, such as inspectors, instructors, cutters, etc.
West Virginia.—The State paid prisoners in the State penitentiary who were employed in the road camps 10 cents per day. It also paid a bonus to prisoners employed in the contract pants and shirt factories for exceeding a certain task, the rate varying with the type of work done. The contractor in the broom and whip shops paid a bonus to prisoners for exceeding a set task, the rates differing with the type of work performed.
Wisconsin.—In the State prison most inmates working for the contractor in the hosiery shop were paid a piece rate which varied
40 PRISON LABOR IN UNITED STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
with the type of work, but a few were paid a straight monthly rate ranging from $3 to $10. Prisoners working in the adjoining country club grounds were paid by the club 25 cents per day. Those working on piecework in the twine plant received from 1 to 4 cents per ton of twine, depending upon the class of work done. Day labor in this plant was compensated at the rate of 35 cents per day. In the autotag shop prisoners received 25 cents per day.
Wyoming.— In the State penitentiary men on nonproductive work in the shirt shop received a wage of either $2.50 or $3.75 per month, depending upon the kind of work done. Men on piecework jobs were paid 50 cents per task for each task over the standard set, and earned from a few cents to as high as $15 per month.
Federal Prisons
In the United States Disciplinary Barracks, Pacific Branch, prisoners working in the furniture shop and on the farm and part of those working in the tailor and shoe shops were paid $2 per month.
In the United States Penitentiary at Atlanta, Ga., prisoners in the power house are classified as first-, second-, and third-class workers. The first-class workers received $15 and the second-class workers $12 per month, while the third-class workers received no compensation. Prisoners in the spinning mill received 5 cents per hour. First-class workers in the duck mill received an average of 6 cents per hour; second-class workers, 5 cents per hour; and third-class workers, 4 cents per hour. In the basket shop first-class workers received an average of 7 cents per hour; second-class workers, 6 cents per hour; and third-class workers, 5 cents per hour.
Inmates of the United States Penitentiary at Leavenworth, Kans., who worked in the shoe shop, broom factory, and brickyard received compensation as follows: First-grade workers, 6 cents per hour; second-grade workers, 5 cents per hour; third-grade workers, 4 cents per hour. A man’s grade might change from day to day, depending upon his behavior.
In the United States Penitentiary Annex at Leavenworth, Kans., men working in the furniture shop and the brush and mat shops were graded as to efficiency. The first-grade men received 6 cents per hour; the second-grade men, 5 cents per hour; and the third-grade men 4 cents per hour. In the laundry, dry-cleaning, and ice plants there was one rate of pay only—3% cents per hour—which was limited to 60 laundry men, 18 dry-cleaning men, and 13 ice-plant men. The other men assigned to these plants were not paid. Eligibility for pay was based on length of time served in the respective plant. In the printing plant 7 pressmen, 7 compositors, and 2 rulers received 11 cents per thousand impressions and averaged 6.3 cents per hour. Twenty-six dayworkers in the printing plant received wages ranging from 2.5 to 3.7 cents per hour. No other workers in the printing plant received wages.
All inmates of the United States Naval Prison at Portsmouth, N.H., received compensation at the rate of 10 cents per day.
In the United States Naval Prison, S.C., all prisoners were allowed $3 per month.
Prisoners working in the bakery of the Federal Correctional Camp in Virginia received 25 cents per day.
STATE AND FEDERAL PRISONS 41
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
General TableTable A shows the kind, quantity, and value of articles manu
factured in each of the 116 State penal institutions and 12 Federal penal institutions, by system under which produced.
Most articles produced in any quantity are shown separately in this table. It would be impossible, however, due to lack of space, to show all classes of articles separately. In cases, therefore, where small amounts were produced, the articles of different classes are grouped under the heading “ Miscellaneous.” For example, under “ Farm, garden, and dairy” products, cattle, corn, hay, hogs, wheat, etc., are shown separately. Other farm, garden, and dairy products which are produced in smaller quantities, such as beans, beets, rye, oats, etc., are grouped under “ Miscellaneous farm” products.
An index of products in State and Federal prisons, showing both the main heading and the subheading under which articles are included in the tables is shown on pages 198 to 204.
42 PRISON LABOR IN UNITED STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
2574°-
T a b l e A .— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1932, by State, system, and institution
STATE PRISONSALABAMA
Institution, articles produced, and unit
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use Public works and ways State account Piece price Contract Total
Number Value Number Value Number Value Number Value Number Value Number Value
STATE PRISON SYSTEM
Clothing:Aprons______________________ 0.3
.417.0
474.09.0
266.0 .3
1,174.0205.0232.045.069.0
144.0308.0
1.09.0
810.01.05.01.0 2.0
3,8648,644
41,366$457.50 687.55
28,142. 67
3,864 8,644
41,366 2,049,720
37,941 2,769,636
0)18,488120,700
1,350 625
1,422 76,250 (02,340
296,850
4,009,052 17,556 21,454 13,584 (0
$457.50 687.55
28,142.67 1,366,480.00
14,551.98 693,207.58
498.95 2,237,363.26
42.245.0047.439.00 8,750.00
14.220.00 29,570.7663.726.001.101.65
20.845.00
943,634.90 2,413.957.128.66 1,364.20 1,922.49
Hats and caps________________Pants________________________Shirts, dress____________ . ____ 2,049,720 $1,366,480.00Shirts, work__________________ 37,941
12,576 (0
14,551.98 3,942.58
498.95Underwear___________________ 2,757,060 689,265.00Miscellaneous________________
Construction: Roads, new...miles._ Farm, garden, and dairy:
Corn_________ ______ bushels. _184.88$2,237,363.26
120,7001,350
42.245.0047.439.00Cotton________________ bales _.
Cottonseed___ __________tons. - 625 76,"260
$8,750.00” 29,"570.*76
Hay___________________ do___Potatoes_________ 100 pounds. _
1,422 14,220.00 ....... ............... ........... ........................... ..................... .........................
Miscellaneous farm___________ 0 )2,340
296,850
103,96917,55621,45413,5840 )
63.726.001.101.65
20.845.00
35.663.01 2,413.957.128.66 1,364.20 1,922.49
Highway markers..............................Metal products: Auto license tags__Textiles and textile products:
Cotton yard goods (heavy)pounds—
Pillowcases____ — ___ _______3,905,083 907,971.89
Sheets________ _____ _____ ___Towels_______________________Miscellaneous textile products—
Total______________________ 3,763.0 286,350.19 2,237,363.26 946,292.65 2,055,745.00 5,525,751.10
i Enumeration impracticable.
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
STATE PRISONS—Continued ARIZONA
Table A,— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1982, by State, system, and institution—Continued
Institution, articles produced, and unit
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use Public works and ways State account Piece price Contract Total
Number Value Number Value Number Value Number Value Number Value Number Value
STATE PRISONBrooms, brushes, and mops: Brooms. Clothing:
Coats________________________2.01.02.01.56.03.01.0 .5
74.01.96.0
68.05.0
14.038.11.0
600600
1,8002.400 4,055 2,1752.400
<0
$300.001,200.003.150.001.440.00
14.092.502,012.121.200.00
600.00
600600
1,8002.400 4,055 2,1862.400
W 4
20430637223
3,3620)
550
$300.001,200.003.150.001.440.00
14,092.502,025.621.200.00
600.00209,000.00
480.00304.44
7.713.50 4,223.86 1,733.82
13,415.181.237.50
Pants___ _____ ______________Shirts, work______ ____________Shoes, new___ _____ ___ pairs._Shoes, repaired.................do___Underwear............................. ....
11 $13.50Miscellaneous, labor only______
Construction: New buildings______ 4 $233,030.00Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle__________ ______ head.. 20430215175
3,3620)
550
480.00304.44
2.649.50 3,308.76 1,733.82
13,257.251.237.50
Corn________________ bushels..Hay___________________ tons.. 422
485,064.00
915.10Hogs__________________ head—Wheat................. ........bushels..Miscellaneous farm__________ _ 0) 157.93
Furniture and furnishings: Mattresses_________________________
Total______________ 225.0 46,965.89 209,000.00 6,150.52 262,116.42
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
ARKANSAS
STATE PENITENTIARY
Farm, garden, and dairy:Corn............................. bushels..Cotton________________ bales..Cottonseed........................tons..Miscellaneous farm....................
Textiles and textile products: Miscellaneous textile products...........
STATE FARM FOR WOMEN
Farm, garden, and dairy:Corn............................. bushels..Hay....................................tons..Miscellaneous farm....................
Textiles and textile products: Miscellaneous textile products......... .
ALL INSTITUTIONS
Farm, garden, and dairy:Com............................. bushels..Cotton..............................bales..Cottonseed........................tons..Hay...................................do___Miscellaneous farm....................
Textiles and textile products: Miscellaneous textile products______
Total........................................
70.0 641.084.050.06.0
1.01.010.04.0
71.0 641.084.0 1.060.010.0
867.0
43,000
0)0)
20050)
0)
43,200
<*>0)
$17,200.00
13,140.00 8,387.50
80.0057.50
835.00890.00
17,280.00
57.5013,975.009,277.50
40,590.00
6,8412,000
$169,866.9021,951.93
6,8412,000
169,866.9021,951.93
191,818.83
43,0006,8412,0000)
0)
2005
<9<9
43,2006,8412,000
50)(9
$17,200.00169,866.9021,951.9313,140.008,387.50
80.0057.50
835.0089a 00
17.280.00 169,866.9021,951.93
57.5013.975.009,277.50
232,408.83
CALIFORNIA
128.0 6,250 $7,842.502.0 1,380 574.35
11.5 5,729 14,998.255.0 360 720.005.0 5,903 2,045.50
27 $565.00
STATE PRISON AT SAN QUENTIN
Clay, cement, and stone products:Stone, crushed......................tons—
Clothing:Aprons.................................... .Coats........................................Dresses....................................Hats and caps_____________> Enumeration impracticable.
6,250 $7,842.501,380 574.355,756 15,563.25
360 720.005,903 2,045.50
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A .— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1982, by State,STATE PRISONS—Continued
CALIFORNIA—Continued
, and institution— Continued ^
Institution, articles produced, and unit
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number Value
Public works and ways
Number Value
State account
Number Value
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number Value
STATE PRISONS AT SAN QUENTIN— continued
Clothing—ContinuedOveralls............................. .........Pajamas and nightgowns______Pants..........................................Shirts, work,...............................Shoes, new____ ________pairs..Shoes, repaired.................do___Suits......... - ............................ —Miscellaneous........... .................Miscellaneous, labor only..........
Construction:New buildings....................... .. .Hoads, new.....................miles..New, other than buildings and
roads................. ......................Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle...............................head..Hay___________________ tons..Hogs__________________ head..Milk.......................100 pounds..Miscellaneous farm....................Miscellaneous livestock..............
Furniture and furnishings:Chairs, wood.............. ................Desks..........................................Mattresses...................................Pillows...........- ............................Tables....... .......................- ..........M iscellaneous.......... ..................
Laundry, commercial____ pounds—
10.02.3
17.115.088.024.0 92.94.2
15.0500.0478.040.0
.42.06.07.6
202.0 1.082.0 89.413.0 2.0 5.0
43.610.0
5,350 168
9,517 13, 201 10,661 13,926 1,631 0)
19 44
460 3,874
0)(03,585
118 1,370 1,625
2920)
$3,495.65 134.40
17,728.00 9,296.45
29,942.20 7,622.35
40, 740.00 459.00
59 $706.25
2,3001030)0)
1,332.872.845.00
32.503.600.00
1423.70
0)
$307,395.00 1,225,600. 00
15,000.00695.18 440.43
7,595. 27 12,511.32 11,458.51
17,809.13 4,286. 609.590.001.625.00 4,310.70 4,654.23
210) 66.04 1,250.70
32,000 2,250.00
5,350 $3,495.65168 134.40
9,576 18,434.2513, 201 9,296.4510, 661 29,942.2016,226 8,955.221,734 43,585.00
0) 491.500) 3,600.00
14 307,395.0023.70 1,225,600.00
0) 15,000.0019 695.1844 440.43
460 7,595.273,895 12,577.36
12,709.21(1) 559.083,585 17,809.13
118 4,286. 601,370 9,590.001,625 1,625.00
292 4,310.700) 4,654.2332,000 2,250.00
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Metal products:Galvanized ware............—Iron hollow ware_............Tinware.............................Miscellaneous- . ........... ...
Printing and binding:Books, blank and bound.Letterheads. .....................Miscellaneous...... .............
Textiles and textile products: Bags.................... ..............Pillowcases-......... ......................Sheets....................................... .Towels. .................................. .
. Miscellaneous textile products.. Other manufactured products_____
FOLSOM STATE PRISONClay, cement, and stone products:
Stone, crushed..................... tons..Clothing:
Aprons.......................................Coats.............................. ............Gloves and mittens....... .pairs..Hats and caps................... .........Overalls......................................Pajamas and nightgowns..........Pants.......—_______ __________Shirts, dress................................Shirts, work......... ......................Shoes, new...................... pairs..Shoes, repaired.................do___Suits.........................................Miscellaneous.......................... .Miscellaneous, labor only..........
Construction:Alterations and installations__New buildings..... ..................... .Roads, new ..._________ miles..New, other than buildings and
roads...... ................................. .Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle........... ................... head..Hay.......... ........................ tons..Hogs— ...... ..................... head-Milk-------------------100 pounds..Wheat..........................bushels..Miscellaneous dairy.................. .Miscellaneous farm....................Miscellaneous livestock_______
15.02.9
. 1
1, 040.1
7.0
739.7
(2)
(2)
100.3
3,623 2,658.35244 330.00
2,027 444.850) 16.00
380 400.00250,000 750.00(l) 15,200.00
336 134.40 5,422,615 342,785.33109 920.90762 228.60
1,219 1,121. 201,076 231.40
0) 6,153. 52 (0 959.87(0 5,204.45 0) 1,440.00
26,550 13,981.00 1,150 483.00859 214.75321 996.25 5 112.5058 23.20
2,971 710.35490 313.30
1 .757,337 9,326.98 36 360.00432 181.446,788 2,715.203,496 5,544.788,723 4,367.00 1,160
431,160.00 1,720.00
12.50320 8,000.00
234.100) 0) i(i) 197.85
........... 0) 6,000.0013 65,000.00_ _ 2.40 277,600.00
0) 20,000.0018 273.50 2 19.7094 1,390.04
387 6,245.52 2 34.063,835 12,652.36 310 736.62
561 336.854,263.78 (0 302.42
0) 34,083.07 (l) 1,542.11 8.640) 376.88 h)
3,623 2, 658.35244 330.00
2,027 444.850 ) 16.00
380 400.00250,000 750.000 ) 15, 200.00
,422,951 342, 919.73109 920.90762 228.60
1,219 1, 121.201,076 231.40
(0 7, 113.390) 6, 644.45
27,700 14, 464.00
859 214.75326 1, 108.7558 23.20
2,971 710.35490 313.30
1 ' .757,373 9, 686.98
432 181.446,788 2, 715.203,496 5, 544.789,883 5, 527.00
363 9, 720.000 ) 246.60(0 197.85
0 ) 6, 000.0013 65, 000.00
240 277, 600.00
0 ) 20, 000.00
20 293.2094 1, 390.04
389 6, 279.584,145 13, 388.98
561 336.850 ) 4, 566.20(*) 35, 625. 180) 385.52
1 Enumeration impracticable. 8 Less than one tenth of 1.
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
STATE PRISONS—ContinuedCALIFORNIA—Continued
T a b l e A.—Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1932, by State, system, and institution—Continued
Institution, articles produced, and unit
folsom state pbison—continuedLand development: Land improve
ment.................................... ...........Laundry, commercial........ pounds..Lumber and timber products: Mis
cellaneous_____________________Metal products: Miscellaneous.......Printing and binding:
Letterheads................................Miscellaneous.............. ..............
Textiles and textile products:Pillowcases..................................Sheets..........................................Towels.........................................Miscellaneous textile products..
Other manufactured products.........ALL INSTITUTIONS
Clay, cement, and stone products:Stone, crushed____________tons..
Clothing:Aprons........................................Coats...........................................Dresses........................................Gloves and mittens.........pairs..Hats and caps.............................Overalls....... ...... ........................Pajamas and nightgowns..........Pants...........................................Shirts, dress................................Shirts, work........ ......................Shoes, new._______ ____ pairs, j
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
7.7 6.0.3
3.0.2
3.82.4.41.61.22.0
867.72.3
15.55.0. 1
6.4 11.02.3.
43.1.3
19.7108.0
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number
0)0)17,200(92,073
78 5,019 0)0)
32,800
2, 6,050
360 58
8,874 5,840
169 16,854
432 19,989 14,157
Value
$77.003,000.00
1, 43.00368.71383.01 136.50 750.85 549.73
4,380.00
21,823.50789.10
15,994. 50 720.00 23.20
2,755.85 3,808.95
135.15 27,054.
181.44 12,011.65 35,486.98
Public works and ways
Number
0)
Value
$3,600.00
State account Piece price
Number
37,648
0)(0
0)
1,150
32
95
Value Number Value
$2,635.3667.0088.94
1,710.15
483.00
677.50
1,066.25
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number
(*> 37,648
0)<*)17,200 C1)2,073
78 5,019C1)
Value
$3,600.002,635.36
144.00 3,088.94
43.001,868.71
383.01 136.50 750.85 549.73
6,090.15
33,950 22,306.502,239 789.106,082 16,672.00
360 720.0058 23.20
8, S74 2,755.855*840 3,808.95
169 135.1 51$.949 28,121.23
432 181.4419,980 12,011.6514,1571 35,486.98
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
ss, repaired______-__.do.-_.Suits........................— ____ ___Miscellaneous.. . ___Miscellaneous labor only......... .
Construction; .Alterations and installations__New buildings____Boads, new_____ ______ miles..New, other than buildings and
roads........................................iTarm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle............... ............head..H ay...___ ____ ______ _„tons_.Hogs.-...............................head-Milk..........— ...-.100 pounds..Wheat.......................... bushels..Miscellaneous dairy———_____Miscellaneous farm___________Miscellaneous livestock_______
Furniture and furnishings;Chairs, wood............................. .Desks................................ .........Mattresses.......... ...................... .Pillows......... ........................... .Tables...................... ............ ......Miscellaneous.......................... ..
Land development: Land improvement................... ...................... .
Laundry, commercial _____ pounds _. Lumber and timber products: Mis
cellaneous..................................... .Metal products:
Galvanized ware.........................Iron hollow ware........................Tinware......................................Miscellaneous..................... .......
Printing and binding:Books, blank and bound.......... .Letterheads-...................... .......Miscellaneous............................ .
Textiles and textile products:gags............................... .Flags............................. ............. .Pillowcases..................................Sheets......................................... .Towels....................................Miscellaneous textile products..
Other manufactured products_____Total----------------------------------
33.0115.9
4.515.48.0
670; 0 575.0 140.3
1.44.08.011.3 1.01.3
318.02.982.089.413.0 2.0
5 . 0 43.67.716.0.3
15.02.99.03.16.03.2 34.8
1,040.14.03.42.4 2.68.1 9.0
i 394.0
1.951(9
48,740.00 693.10
146(9(9
4,565.00 45.00
3,797.85(927.0026.10(9
6,000.00 372,395.00
1,503,200.00 35,000.00
37138847
7,709561
(983,585
1181,3701,625
292(9
968.68 1,830.47
13,840.79 25,163.68
336.85 4,263.78
45,541.58 935.96
17,809.13 4,286.609.590.001.625.00 4,310.70 4,654.23
2 19.702
33134.06
802.66
8(9302.42
2,792.81 8.64
(9 3,600.0069,648
(94,885.36
67.00(93,623
2442,027
(9380
267,200(9
336m
2,8351,2976,095
8
77.002,658.35
330.00 444.85
3,016.00400.00793.00
17,068.71134.40 920.90 611.61
1,257.70 982.25
6,703.25 9,584.45
(9 88.94
5,422,615 342,785.33
(9(9959.87
3,150.15362,347.67 1,920,195.00 369,024.41
26,109 2,097
(9 (9(9
27 26.10
(9
8,040561
(9 (9
3,585118
1,3701,625
292(9(9 69,648
0)3,623
2442,027
<9380
267,200(95,422,951
109 2,835 1,297 6,1
(9
14,482. 22 53,305.00
738.10 3,797.856,000.00
372,395.001,503,200.00
35,000.00
1,830.4713,874.8525,966.34
336.85 4,566.20
48,334.39944.60
17,809.134,286.609.590.001.625.004.310.70 4,654.233.600.00 4,885.36
144.002,658.35
330.00444.85
3,104.94400.00793.00
17,068.71342,919.73
920.90611.61
1.257.70 982.25
7,663.12 12,734.60
2,651,567.08
1 Enumeration impracticable.
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
STATE PRISONS—Continued COLORADO
T a b l e A.—Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1982, by State, system, and institution—Continued OrO
Institution, articles produced, and unit
STATE PENITENTIARY
Clay, cement, and stone products:Stone, building___________ tons..
Clothing:Aprons______________________Coats------------------------------------Hats and caps________________Pants________________________Shirts, work_________________Shoes, repaired_________ pairs..Underwear___________________
Construction:Alterations and installations___New, other than buildings and
roads______________________Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle_________________ head..Com________________ bushels..Hay....................................tons—Hogs........................... ...... head—Miscellaneous farm___________
Textiles and textile products:Sheets............................................ .
Other manufactured products_____Miscellaneous, labor only-----------
STATE REFORMATORYClothing:
Aprons____________________Coats.......................................Gloves and mittens--------------
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
14.0.1
6.01.3
11.0 8.04.06.0
18.324.74.98.0
17.93.1
104.12.62.0
21.0
8.6
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number
18,890
500500
4,2503,6002,4002,166
288,968
41320
0) 3,000
<*)(0
141,314
Value
$19,000.0021.00
1.325.00175.00
3,902.501.620.00
960.00 759.10
505.58 1,614.26 3,695.09
130.00 17,413.38
600.002.736.001.700.00
20.2535.25 65.70
Public works and ways
Number
0)0)
Value
$15,200.00 25,000.00
State account
Number
19
(0227
Value
$261.26
1,560.19 1,235.86
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number
18,890
500 500
4,250 3,600 2,400 2,166
0)<9
478,968
413247
(0 3,000
8
6614
1,314
Value
$19,000.0021.00
1.325.00175.00
3,902.501.620.00
960.00 759.10
15,200.0025.000.00
766.84 1,614.26 3,695.09 1,690.19
18,649.24600.00
2.736.001.700.00
20.2535.25 65.70
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Hats and caps..____ __________Overalls______________________Overcoats. ______ _____________Pants............................................Shirts, work................. ...............Shoes, repaired____ ____ pairs—Underwear...................................Miscellaneous.......................... .
Construction:Alterations and installations
•21.1.2.7.7
2.0.6.1.9
25214429
1,004620
2,0131,039
(0
63.60155.00
116.00725.00445.60
1,368.05281.7015.10
New buildings________________ 1.0New, other than buildings and
roads_______________________ .1Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle............................... head— 6.0 69 2,241.27Hay....................................tons— 3.0 524 5,240.00Hogs................................. head—Milk.......................100 pounds—
5.0 158 1,488.006.0 2,985 9,101.25
Potatoes...........................do___ 13.6 1,440 720.00Wheat......................... bushels—Miscellaneous dairy___________
2.0.9
581 348.80Miscellaneous farm..................... 30.6 0) 2,697.10Miscellaneous livestock.............. 10.5 0) 355.95
Lumber and timber products:Lumber................... board feet— .7 12,000 540.00Miscellaneous........... ........ ......... 6.0 (*) 2,880.00
Printing and binding:Letterheads................................. .5 12,000 33.00Miscellaneous.......................... — 1.5 0) 105.00
Textiles and textile products:Pillowcases......... - ....................... (2) 311 46.65Sheets................... *_..................— (2) 265 150.70Towels.... .................................... (a) 762 114.30Miscellaneous textile products.. (2) W 75.80
Miscellaneous, labor only................. 3.3 (0 2,890.00ALL INSTITUTIONS
Clay, cement, and stone products:Stone, building___________ tons..
Clothing:Aprons_____________ _________
14.0 18,890 19,000.00.1 126 41.25
Coats............................- ............. 6.0 514 1,360.25Gloves and mittens.................... .6 1,314 65.70Hats and caps____ _______ ____ 1.5 752 238.60Overalls................... .................... .1 44 55.00Overcoats..................................... .2 29 116.00Pants...................................... ..... 11.7 5,254 4,627.50Shirts, work................................ 8.7 4,220 2,065.60Shoes, repaired................ pairs. _ 6.0 4,413 2,328.05Underwear.................................. 6.6 3,205 1,040.80Miscellaneous_______ _________ .1 0) 15.10
C> 1
0)
1.150.002.500.00
120.00
211
210.307.20
71
80)
42.40430.70259.77833.15
_
2521 44 29
1,004 620
2,013 1 , f "
0)0)
0)
545159
1,440652
0)
12,000 0)12,0000)
311265762
0)
63.6055.00
116.00725.00 445.60
1,368.05281.70 15.10
1.150.002.500.00
120.00
2,241.27 5,450.30 1,495.20 9,101.25
720.00 391.20430.70
2,956.87 1,189.10
540.002.880.00
33.00105.0046.65
150.70 114.3075.80
2,890.00
18,890 19,000.00126 41.25514 1,360.25
1,314 65.70752 238.6044 55.0029 116.00
5,254 4,627.504,220 2,065.604,413 2,328.053,205 1,040.80
<0 15.10*Enumeration impracticable. * Less than one tenth of 1. Ox
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
“T a b l e A ,— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1982, by State, system, and institution—ContinuedSTATE PRISONS—Continued
COLORADO—Continued
fcO
Institution, articles produced, and unit
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
all institutions—continuedConstruction:
Alterations and installations...New buildings............... ............New, other than buildings and
roads....................................... .Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle............................... head..Corn................. ........... bushels-_Hay___________________ tonsHogs................................. head—Milk.......................100 pounds..Potatoes............................do___Wheat.......................... bushels—Miscellaneous dairy...................Miscellaneous farm.....................Miscellaneous livestock..............
Lumber and timber products:Lumber....................board feet—Miscellaneous______________
Printing and binding:Letterheads________________Miscellaneous.........................
Textiles and textile products:Pillowcases.............................Sheets.....................................Towels....................................Miscellaneous textile products—
Other manufactured products--------'Miscellaneous labor only------------
Total......................................... 354.0
19.2 1.0
24.810.9 8.0
20.9 8.1 6.0
13.62.0.9
134.710.5
.76.0.5
1.5
(>)2.6
(2)(2)
2.024.3
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number Value
97 $2,746.858,968 1,614.26
937 8,935.09178 1,618.00
2,985 9,101.251,440 720.00
581 348.80
(1} 20,110.48(0 355.9512,000 540.000) 2,880.0012,000 33.00(0 105.00
311 46.653,265 750.70
762 114.30(0 75.800) 2,736.00(0 4,590.00
88,375.98
Public works and ways
Number
0)
(0
Value
$16,350.00 2,500.00
25,120.00
43,970.00
State account
Number Value
19| $261.2621
80)
210. 30 1,567. 39
42.40 430. 70
1,495. 63 833.15
4,840.83
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number
0)
0)116958406
2,9851,440
652(0 (0 (012,0000)12,000 0)
Value
$16,350.002.500.00
25,120.003,008.11 1,614.269.145.393.185.39 9,101.25
720.00 391.20430.70
21,606.111,189.10
540.002.880.00
33.00105.0046.65
750.70 114.3075.80
2.736.004.590.00
137,186.81
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
CONNECTICUT
STATE REFORMATORYClothing:
Coats_____ _____ _______ _____Hats and caps_______________Overalls................. ............... .Pants, prison..............................Shirts, dress.............................. .Shirts, work.............................. .Shoes, repaired................ pairs..
Construction: New buildings........ .Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle____________ ____ head..Corn________________ bushels..Hay.........— ..................... tons..Hoes................................. head..M ilk...................... 100 pounds_Miscellaneous farm__________
Furniture and furnishings:Bureaus, chiffoniers, dressers,
etc.............................. ..............Miscellaneous.............................
Metal products: Auto license tags— Printing and binding: Miscellane
ous............................. ....................Repair and shop work.............. .......Other manufactured products_____
STATE FARM FOR WOMENClothing:
Aprons______________________Dresses....................................... .Pajamas and nightgowns_____Underwear.................................Miscellaneous............................
Farm, garden, and dairy:Cattle_________________ head..Corn---------------- --------bushels..Hay------------------------------tons..Hogs................................. head..Milk.......................100 pounds..Miscellaneous dairy...................Miscellaneous farm.................. .Miscellaneous livestock............ .
Laundry, commercial........pounds..Textiles and textile products:
Pillowcases__________________Sheets_______________________
1.01.03.01.0 1.0 1.0 3.0
18.0
1.010.22.0
11.025.5
.51.0
32.030.0 2.0.5
2.02.02.04.0
17.01.0 1.0 2.0 2.04.03.0
25.02.0
25.01.02.0
f>50 1,000
500 1,500
650 1,000 1,750
2 516 230 32
2,973 0)
820,834
CO
429757362
1,60CO
211,200
15057
1,832
8CO
232631
$975.00150.00500.00
1.500.00810.00 747.00
1.050.00
774.21
55,416.77 35,671.54
1,465.74 14,443.07
129.02
69.40242.25
.........5 ” "$76,"505.00564
_____175 3.500.00615 3,000.00
15CO
COCO(0
525 00200.00
800.00600.00250.00
.......... ............... ....................
93,600 1,920.00
650 $975.001,000 150.00
500 500.001,500 1,500.00
650 810.001,000 747.002,314 1,388.53
5 76,500.002 100.00
516 250.00405 8,100.0032 774. 21
3,588 14,875.00CO 7,193.49
15 525.00CO 200.00
820,834 55,416.77
(0 36,471.54CO 600.00CO 250.00
429 103.95757 644.98362 153.50
1,609 570.20CO 1,575.92
21 939.971,200 480.00
150 2,400.0057 1,652.35
1,832 6,430.32CO 1,465.74(0 14,443.07CO 129.02
93,600 1,920.00232 69.40631 242.25
1 Enumeration impracticable. * Less than one tenth of 1.
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1982, by State, system, and institution—ContinuedSTATE PRISONS—Continued
CONNECTICUT—Continued
O i
Institution, articles produced, and unit
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number Value
Public works and ways
Number Value
State account
Number Value
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number Value
STATE PRISONBrooms, brushes, and mops: Brooms. Clothing:
Coats, prison............................. .Pants, prison...........................Shirts, work............................... .Shoes, repaired..................pair_.
Construction:New buildings........................... .New, other than buildings and
roads.......... .............................Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle........—....................head—Corn............................. bushels..Hay_________ __________tons.Hogs................................. head—Milk____ ________100 pounds..Potatoes............................do—Miscellaneous farm....................
Printing and binding: Miscellaneous..................................................
Textiles and textile products: Miscellaneous textile products______
ALL INSTITUTIONSBrooms, brushes, and mops:
Brooms..........................................Clothing:
Aprons........................................Coats----------- ------------------------Dresses........................................Hats and caps................... .........Overalls........................... ...........Pajamas and nightgowns...........
4.01.51.5
407.02.06.04.03.04.05.08.0
10.04.0
33.03.04.0
4.02.0 2.5 2.0 1.0 1.0 2.01
75400
$90.00225.00600.00900.00
1,328,544 $415,170.00
0)
$15,000.006,000.00
32,436
113 93
1,799 2,460
(0(0
429725757
1,000500
60.00 974.40
1.356.00 1,398.426.839.002.019.00 4,804.582.500.00
300.00
90.00103.95
1,200. 00 664.98150.00500.00 153.50
36075
4001,328,544
1,800
0)3
2,43611393
1,7992,460
0)0)0)
429725757
1,000500
$90.00225.00600.00
415,170.00900.00
15,000.006,000.00
60.00974.40
1.356.00 1,398.426.839.002.019.00 4,804.582.500.00
300.00
90.00103.95
1,200.00 664.98150.00500.00 153.50
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Pants.......................................Shirts, dress.............................Shirts, work......... ...... ........... .Shoes, repaired................pairs —Underwear........... ..................... .Miscellaneous...............—......... .
Construction:New buildings........................... .New, other than buildings and
roads..................... ................. .Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle_________ ________head—Corn............................. bushels.Hay----------------- ------------ tons—Hogs................ ................head—Milk...... ................ 100 pounds..Potatoes.................... do—.........Miscellaneous dairy__________Miscellaneous farm....................Miscellaneous livestock............ .
Furniture and furnishings:Bureaus, chiffoniers, dressers,
etc............... ........................... .Miscellaneous- .......................... .
Laundry, commercial........pounds..Metal products: Auto license tags.. Printing and binding: Miscellane
ous..................................................Repair and shop work.............. .......Textiles and textile products:
Pillowcases..................................Sheets........................................ .Miscellaneous textile products..
Other manufactured products........ .Total......... .................. ............
2.5 1,900650
2,100.00810.00i n
408.0 1,000 747.00 1,328,544 415,170.005,0 3,550
1,6091,950.00
570.20564 $338. 55
4.017.0 (9 1,575.9224,0 6 91,500.004,0 (9 6,000.004 3 26 1.099.97
1,704.408.356.003.824.98
25,144.322.019.00 1,465.74
6 0 4,15249317.2 175 3, 500. 00
12.0 18225.0 6,604
2,460(9
615 3,000.004.03.0
83.5 (9 26,441.14 129.022.0 (9
.5 15 525.00 •1.0 (9
93,600200.00
25.0 1,920.0032.0 820,834
(955,416.77 38,171.5433.0 (9
0)800.00
2.0 600.001.0 232 69.402.0 631 242.254.0 (9 300.00.5 (9 250.00
738.0 175,000.08 97,500.00 11,133. 55 415,170.00
1,900650
1,329,5444,1141,609
(9
2,100.00 810.00
415,917.00 2,288.55
570.20 1,575.92
6 91,500.00
(0 6,000.0026
4,152668182
7,2192,460
8(9
1.099.97 1,704.40
11,856.003.824.98
28,144.322,019.00 1,465.74
26,441.14 129.02
15(993,600
820,834
525.00200.00
1,920.0055,416.77
0)(938,971.54
600.00232631
(9(9
69.40242.25300.00250.00
698,803.63
DELAWARE
NEW CASTLE COUNTY WORKHOUSEBrooms, brushes, and mops: Brooms Clothing:
Aprons______________________Dresses....... .......................... ......Overalls............................... ........Pajamas and nightgowns______Pants...........................................Shirts, work.............. .................Shoes, repaired____ ____ pairs—i Enumeration impracticable.
0.5 500 $125.00.3 68 13.60
3.0 260 260.005.0 6,000 2,400.001.0 128 64.00
206.5 600 300.005.0 6,000 2,400.001.0 1,054 527.00
247,583 $144,'423.00
500 $125.0068 13.60
260 260.006,000 2,400.00
128 64.00248,183 144,723.00
6,000 2,400.001,054 627.00
O tC7f
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1932, by State, system, and institution— Continued
STATE PRISONS— Continued DELAW ARE—Continued
Crc
Institution, articles produced, and unit
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number Value
Public works and ways
Number Value
State account
Number Value
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number Value
NEW CASTLE COUNTY WORKHOUSE-continued
Clothing—ContinuedSuits......................................... .Underwear........... ..................... .Miscellaneous...... ..................... .
Construction:Alterations and installations—New buildings..... ..................... .
Farm, garden, and dairy:Corn.............................bushels..Hay............... ................... tons..Milk.......................100 pounds..Potatoes_______________ do___Wheat..........................bushels..Miscellaneous farm................... .
Furniture and furnishings: Mat*Textiles and textile products:
Pillowcases................................Sheets______________________Towels •Miscellaneous textile products _
0.4 180 $270.003.3 497 248.501.5 0) 25.004.0
34.03.0 324 162.006.0 114 2,280.008.0 1,373 4,185.104.0 1,337 891.609.0 926 416.70
13.0 0 8,656.00.1 150 300.00.1 408 81.60.5 1,618 970.80.5 3,500 280.00
2.3 0) 85.00Total......................................... 312.0
0) $1,000.0060,000.00
2,314”i,’ i95
$4,664.80 537." 83
0) 460.0024,941.90 61,000.00 5,652.63 $144,423.00
180497
(00)
324 114
3,687 1,337 2,121
0)160408
1,618 3,600
(0
$270.00248.60 25.00
1,000.0060,000.00
162.002,280.008,849.90
891.60 954.63
8,666.00300.0081.60
970.80280.00 535.00
226,017.63
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
DISTRICT REFORM A TORY
Brooms, brushes, and mops:Brooms........................................Brushes....................- ................ .Mops......... ..................................
Clothing:Aprons...... ................................. .Coats.......................................... .Hats and caps............................Overalls......... ..................... .......Pants........................................ .Shirts, w ork ............................. .Shoes, repaired................ pairs..
Construction:Alterations and installations___New buildings...................... ......New, other than buildings and
roads.........................................Farm, garden, and dairy:
Corn________________ bushels..Hay____________________tons..Hogs..................................head..Potatoes_________ 100 pounds..Wheat.......................... bushels..Miscellaneous farm....................Miscellaneous livestock.............
Furniture and furnishings:Mattresses___________________Pillows______________________
Land development:Land improvement....................
Laundry, commercial........pounds..Lumber and timber products:
Miscellaneous_____ __________.Metal products:
Auto license tags_____________Castings_____________pounds..Miscellaneous_____ ______ ____
■Printing and binding:Envelopes_______________ ____Letterheads............................... .Miscellaneous........................... .
Repair and shop work____________'Textiles and textile products:
Bags................................ ............Pillowcases..................... ............1 Enumeration impracticable .
18.02.4
.41.31.47.3
10.013.8 2.0.5
56.016.5
.81.04.03.01.0
26.4.8
1.01.0
45.036.01.0
22.871.1
.11.31.3
13.3.1.4.8
7,673 1, “
321 2,460 4,052 5,563
10,142 2,174
3509193
2,343975
0)317473
656,629
(0352,986
1,219,948 (0
138,025174,360
<*)755
1,560
1,639; 25
192.74795.34113.91
26,058.37768.88
19,785.99 34,977.71
86.71416.45 361.96
4,156.54 119.70151. CO 234. CO
0) 8
0)
$500. CO 2C0,6C0. COeo,gco.co
0) $101.5C
0) 5, COO. 00
7,6731,169
609$2,851.73
710.07 129.50
365 321
2,460 4,052 5,563
10,142 2,174
160.40424.50465.90
2,276.503.142.004.571.00 1,639.25
(08
500.00200,600.00
0) 60,800.003509193
2,343975
8
192.50 1,269.00 3,393.92 3,210.75
487.50 23,751.42
192.74317473
795.34113.91
0)656,629
5,000.0026,058.37
0) 768.88352,986
1,219,9480)
19,785.9934,977.71
86.71138,025174,360
0)
416.45361.96
4,156.54119.70
7551,560
151.00234.00
Cn
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A.—Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1982, by State,
STATE PRISONS—ContinuedDISTRICT OF COLUMBIA—Continued
, and institution—Continued Cg
!
Institution, articles produced, and m t
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number Value
Public works and ways
I
Number Value
State account
Number Value
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number Value
DISTRICT ROTOHMATORY—COntd.Textiles and textile products—Con.
Sheets_______________________Towels_______________________Miscellaneous textile products—
DISTRICT WORKHOUSEClay, cement, and stone products:
Brick and building tQethousands—
Miscellaneous________________Clothing:
Aprons_______________________Dresses----------------------------------Handkerchiefs________________Hats and caps________________Pajamas and nightgowns______Shirts, dress__________________Shirts, work__________________Suits.____ ___________________Underwear___________________Miscellaneous________________
Construction:Alterations and installations___New buildings...........................New, other than buildings and
roads------ ---------- ---------------Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle............................... head—Corn............ ............... bushels.
2.0.1.5
125.93.0.5
1.1 .1 .1 .5 .1
(2) .1.3
2.128.036.018.01.01.6
1,878313
(9
8,186 (9
536 168 80 62
132 19 2
13 147
(9
22705
$654.15 31.30
184.05
90,920.302,000.00
134.00 156.60
8.00 17.25 66.00 6.00 1.00
19.50 37.75
814.50
915.38 390.00
(9
(9
(9 $3. GO$35,850.0096.750.0026.600.00
1,878 $654.15313 31.30
(9 184.05
8,186 90,920.30(9 2,000.00
536 134.00168 156.6080 8.0062 17.25
132 66.0019 6.002 1.00
J3 19.50147 37.75
(9 817.50
(9 35,850.007 96,750.00
(9 26,600.0022 915.38
705 390.00
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Hay....... _.......................... tons..Hogs.......... —....................head..Potatoes................. 100 pounds..Wheat..........................bushels..
g Miscellaneous dairy...... ............32 Miscellaneous farm___________1° Furniture and furnishings:
Mattresses..................................Pillows....................................
Textiles and textile products:Bags............................................Blankets.................. ............ ......Pillowcases.............. ...................Sheets.........................................Towels.............. .........................Miscellaneous textile products..
Toys______ ______________ ______ _Other manufactured products.........
ALL INSTITUTIONS
Brooms, brushes, and mops:Brooms______ _______ _______Brushes...................................... .Mops.......................................... .
Clay, cement, and stone products: Brick and building tile
thousands..Miscellaneous.............................
Clothing:Aprons___ _____ _____________Coats.................. .................. .....
Handkerchiefs___________ ____Hats and caps.............................Overalls.......................... ............Pajamas and nightgowns______Pants...........................................Shirts, dress_________________Shirts, work__________ ______ _Shoes, repaired____ ____ pairs..Suits.................. ........................ .Underwear__________________ _Miscellaneous________________
Construction:Alterations and installations__New buildings............................New, other than buildings and
roads______________________
1.5 120 1,560.0011.0 112 3,798.323.0 1,870 2,470.00.3 281 140.50
17.0 (0 20,068.6647.6 0) 21,539.881.8 71 390.50.2 89 65.20
(») 15 1.50.5 9 36.00
1.0 1,797 359.402.0 2,240 1,344.00.5 450 65.25
3.9 <*) 622.301.7 149 149.00.5 0) 40.25
18.0 7,673 2,851.732.4 1,169 710.07.6 609 129.50
125.9 8,186 90,920.303.0 (*) 2,000.00.9 901 294.40
1.3 321 424.501.1 168 156.60.1 80 8.00
1.5 2,522 483.157.3 4,052 2,276.50.5 132 66.00
10.0 5,563 3,142.00.1 19 6.00
13.8 10,144 4,572.002.0 2,174 1,639.25.1 13 19.50.3 147 37.75
2.1 (9 814.5028.592.034.5
0) 15.52
__________
_____
____
__
1i____
_____
..........
..........1..........1..................._____
.......... 0) 3.00
(015
0)
36.350.00 297,350.0087.400.00
120 1,560.00112 3,798.32
1,870 2,470.00281 140.50
K 20,068.66(0 21,555.40
71 390.5089 65.2015 1.509 36.00
1,797 359.402,240 1,344.00
450 65.250) 622.30
149 149.000) 40.25
7,673 2,851.731,169 710.07
609 129.50
8,186 90,920.30(0 2,000.00
901 294.40321 424.50168 156.6080 8.00
2,522 483.154,052 2,276.50
132 66.005,563 3,142.00
19 6.0010,144 4,572.002,174 1,639.25
13 19.50147 37.75
0) 817.50
0) 36,350.0015 297,350.00
0) 87,400.001 Enumeration impracticable. 3 Less than one tenth of 1.
O iCD
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity,, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1932, by State,
STATE PRISONS—ContinuedDISTRICT OF COLUMBIA—Continued
and institution—Continued g
Institution, articles produced, and unit
Average
num ber of prisoners em
ployed
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number Value
Public works and ways State account Piece price Contract
Number Value Number Value Number Value Number Value
0) $117.02
0) $5,000.00
1
Total
Number Value
all institutions—continuedFarm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle............................ ..head.Corn___________ ____ bushels..Hay................— .............. tons.Hogs................................. head.Potatoes................. 100 pounds. _Wheat..........................bushels. .Miscellaneous dairy...................Miscellaneous farm....................Miscellaneous livestock_______
Furniture and furnishings:Mattresses................................. .Pillows.......................................
Land development: Land improve-, ment.............................. ................Laundry, commercial........pounds..Lumber and timber products:. Miscellaneous...............................Metal products:
Auto license tags.....................Castings.......................pounds..Miscellaneous.............................
Printing and binding:Envelopes..................................Letterheads............. ...................Miscellaneous........... ................ .
Repair and shop work......................Textiles and textile products:
Bags........................................Blankets--.-..........................
1.02.42.5
15.0 6.01.3
17.074.0
.82.81.2
45.036.01.0
22.871.1
.11.31.3
13.3.1.5.5
22 1,055
211 205
4,213 1,256
0)0)0)
562
656,629
C)352,986
1, 219,948 <l)
138,025 174,360
26,058.37
7709
22 1,055
211 205
4,213 1,256
0)0)0)
(l)656,629
0)352,986
, 219,948C)
138,025 174,360
8770
9
$915.38 582.50
2,829.00 7,192. 24 5,680. 75
628.00 20,068.66 45,306.82
192. 741,185.84
179.115,000.00
26,058.37
19,785.99 34,977.71
86.71416.45 361.96
4,156.54 119.70152.5036.00
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Pillowcases................ ...Sheets..........................Towels........... .......................... .Miscellaneous textile products..
Toys................ ............ ................Other manufactured products___
Total____________________
1.84 0>6
4.41.7.5
676.0
3,35 14,118
7630)
1490)
593.401,998.15
96.55806.35149.0040.25
285,800.28 426,100.00 120.02
3,3574,118
7630) 1490)
593,40* 1,998.15
96.55 806.35 149.00 40.25
712,020.30
FLORIDA
STATE FARMClothing:
P a n t s . ......................................Shirts, work........... .....................Shoes, new_____________pairs..Underwear............ ........ ...........
Construction:New buildings............................Roads, n ew ....................miles..
Farm, garden, and dairy:Cattle................................head..Corn............................. bushels..Hay......... ................ - ........tons..Hogs............. ....................head..M ilk -.................... 100 pounds..Miscellaneous farm................... .
Lumber and timber products: Lumber. ............................. board feet..
Metal products: Auto license tags. Textiles and textile products:
Pillowcases................... .............Sheets.................................... .....
Other manufactured products_____Total_______________ ______
8.0141.014.0
122.020.0
990.08.0
29.011.0 68.0 68.0
187.015.035.01.03.0
19.01,739.0
5,8824,722
12,133 160
1,340 3,090
0)262,670 506,275
4,200 4,009
0)
$5,882.009,372.00
1,650.00 6,066.50 2,245.55
14,070.00 12,185.34 38,255.152,117.03
24,486.63662.50
2,066.98 14,533.83
133,593.51
12 197.41
$26,317.131,809,972.51
1,836,289.64
499
(0
$1,997.00
334,332420,072
$124,874.50105,018.00
3,874.005,871.00 229,892. 50
5,882 334,332
4,722 420,072
12197.41
66 12,133
160 1,340 3,589
0)262,670506,275
4,200 4,009
(0
$5,882.00124,874.50
9.372.00 105,018.0026,317.13
1,809,972.511.650.00 6,066.50 2,245.55
14,070.0014,182.3438,255.152,117.03
24,486.63662.50
2,066.9818,407.83
2,205,646.65
GEORGIA
1.0 5003.0 2,0002.0 2,0002.0 600
STATE PRISON SYSTEM
Clothing:Overalls............................... .Pants.................... ...............Shirts, work........................ .Uniforms, prison__________
* Enumeration impracticable.
$320.001,280.00
700.00486.00
5002,0002,000
600
$320.001,280.00
700.00486.00
state and
fed
er
al
pr
iso
ns
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1982, by State, system, and institution—Continued
STATE PRISONS—ContinuedGEORGIA—Continued
t o
Institution, articles produced, and unit
STATE PRISON SYSTEM— C on tin u edConstruction:
New buildings...................... ......Roads, new......................miles.-
Farm, garden, and dairy:Cattle............................... head.Corn......... ...... .............bushels _Cotton..............................bales—Cottonseed........................ tons—Hay...................................do___Hogs............ ...... ............ _hea<Milk..................... .100 pounds—Miscellaneous farm....................
Lumber and timber products: Lumber........... ...................board feet—
Metal products: Auto license tags__Textile and textile products:
Pillowcases.............................Sheets......... ............................
Total.........................................3,328.0
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
10.0 3,108.0
4.023.05.01.0
20.015.021.0 81.04.0
26.01.0 1.0
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number Value
19 6,500
20 10
288132797
0)50,000
670,9061,6001,600
$570.003.250.00
700.00 90.00
2.880.00 2,110.00 2,989.00
11,840.00500.00
25,158.98224.00560.00
Public works and ways
Number
148,587
53,657.98.......... 4,909,069.43
Value
$10,500.00 4,898,569. 43
State account
Number Value
Picce price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number
148,587
19 6,500
20 10
288132797
0)50,000
670,9061,6001,600
Value
$10,500.00 4,898, 569.43
570.003.250.00
700.00 90.00
2.880.00 2,110.00 2,989.00
11,840.00500.00
25,158.98224.00560.00
4,962,727.41
IDAHO
5624
$221.50 60.00
384 115.20
STATE PENITENTIARYClothing:
Coats_____________________Pants________ ____________Shirts, work................. ..........Shoes repaired_________ pairs—
Construction: New buildings___
1.3.4
166.02.01.0 $913.13
438,897 $180,407.9756 $221.5024 60.00
438,897 180,407.97384 115.20
1 913.13
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Farm, garden, and dairy:Cattle............................... head-Hogs..................................do___Milk.......................100 pounds..Miscellaneous dairy.................. .Miscellaneous farm..................Miscellaneous livestock............ .
Lumber and timber products: Mis*cellaneous...... ............................... .
Textiles and textile products:Pillowcases................................ .Sheets_______________________Towels_____ ________________ _
Total______________________
.72.9.8
2.222.42.01.0.1.1.1
203.0
76228
9648
550
2,015.27 1,412.89 1,122.20 2,337.10 6,686. 74
223.99405.0024.0048.00
101.00
14,772.89
224
0)0)
913.13.............. 2,518.95,
$1,389.80481. 70 647.45
180,407.97
76 2,015.27452 2,802.69898 1,122.20
(i) 2,818.80v) 7,334.190) 223.99
(0 405.0096 24.0048 48.00
550 101.00198,612.94
ILLINOIS
6.0 143,0282,242
842
$9,535.20 1,180.85
143,028 $9,535.202.3 2,242 1,180.85.3 157.80 842 157.80
1.4 1,100
759
678.00 1,100 678.00
35.0 7,870.29 13,752.00
308 $2,505. 26 1,067 22,920
10,375.5525.0 22,920
868
13,752.0096.0 774.60 14.215
5,41512,363.12 4,893.96
15,083 13,137.72351.0 54,882
1,03243,496.03 60,297 48,389.99
.5 304.35 1,032 304.3524.0 5,254
16,0803,084
21,092.00 1,330. 20
5,254 21,092.001.5 16,080 1,330.202.0 1,752.40
32,933.56 29,407. 50 4,263.30
3,084 1,752 4066.8 296,532
28,404421
296,532 28,404
32,933.5629,407.504,263.301,917.08
33.55.0 4212.2 2,640
9,08820,50866,0842,6536,528
1,917.0821.326.7018.962.70 27,123.93 33,633.157,293.75 1,177.00
2,64024.3 9,088 21.326.70
18.962.70 27,123.93 33,633.157,293. 75 1,177.00
21.7 20,50866,08431.0
38.3 2,6536,528
0)8.3L4 0)
SOUTHERN PENITENTIARY
Bakery products, commercial pounds..
Brooms, brushes, and mops:Brooms---------------------------------Brushes..................................... .Mops.................................... .....
Clay, cement, and stone products: Brick and building tile
thousands..Concrete posts........................... .Lime and agricultural lime
stone.............................. tons..Stone, crushed..................do___
Clothing:Aprons................................. .....Coats............... —................ .......Handkerchiefs__________ ____ _Hats and caps............................Hosiery.......... ................. pairs..Overalls_____________________Overcoats. .................................Pajamas and nightgowns......... .Pants................................... .....Shirts, dress............................... .Shirts, work............ ........ ...........Suits........................................... .Underwear............................. .Miscellaneous............................i Enumeration impracticable. G>
CO
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Table A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1982, by State, system, and institution—Continued C&
STATE PRISONS—ContinuedILLINOIS—Continued
Institution, articles produced, and unit
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number Value
Public works and ways
Number Value
State account
Number Value
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number Value
SOUTHERN PENITENTIARY—COntd.Construction:
Alterations and installations.....New buildings............................Roads, new........_...........miles..New, other than buildings and
roads.........................................Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle...............................head..Corn................. .......... bushels..Hay................................... tonsHogs__________________ head..M ilk......................100 pounds—Miscellaneous farm................Miscellaneous livestock.........
Furniture and furnishings:Mattresses-.........— ...............Tables............... ...... ...............Miscellaneous.........................
Lumber and timber products:Lumber................... board feet. -Miscellaneous............................
Metal products: Tinware................Textiles and textile products:
Pillowcases................................Sheets.........................................Towels........................ ...............Miscellaneous textiles...............Miscellaneous textile products..
Other manufactured products___
64.0 248.025.063.01.26.0
14.58.0
13.841.8 1.74.0 .5
2.54.05.04.6.6
1.31.7 1.22.7
11.4
43 $876.5511,220 4,488.001,021 10,544.00
728 10,500.254,698 9,540.51
(0 29,112.82(0 716.701,086 2,172.00
50 250.000) 1,300.0018,122 724.880) 1,226.004,295 1,857.502,352 520.852,580 1,101.708,316 1,459.10
(i) 617.400) 2,369.710) 15,064.78
0)5.002.50
0)
$60,500.00 295,200.0012.500.0080.200.00
0)
0) 52.50
(043
11,2201,021
728
(0 18.00
0)0)
50(018,122 0) 4,2952,3522,5808,316
8(0
$60,500.00 295,200.0012.500.0080.200.00
876.554.488.00
10,544.00 10,500.259,540.51
29,231.32 716.70
2.172.00 250.00
1.300.00724.88
1,226. CO 1,857.50
520.851.101.70 1,459.10
617.402.369.71
15,082.7a
PRISON LABOR
IN TJNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
STATE FARM
Clay, cement, and stone products: Brick and building tile
thousands.Concrete blocks................do__Concrete posts...........................Stone, building................. tons..Stone, crushed..................do___Miscellaneous...... ..................
Construction:New buildings........................Roads, new..................... miles. _New, other than buildings and
roads.......................................Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle............................... head.Corn________________ bushels .Hay................... ............... tons..Hogs....... .......................... head—M ilk. .....................100 pounds..Miscellaneous farm...................
Land development: Land improvement...............................................
STATE REFORMATORY FOR WOMEN
Clothing:Dresses........................................Overalls___________ ___ ______Underwear.............. ..................Miscellaneous.............................
Construction: New, other thanbuildings and roads.......................
Tarm, garden, and dairy:Com.............. ...... ........bushels..Hay.................... ..............tons..Miscellaneous.............................
Other manufactured products_____STATE PENITENTIARY
Clay, cement, and stone products:Concrete blocks___ thousands..Concrete posts.................. .Stone, crushed_____ ____ tons..Miscellaneous......... ................
Clothing:Aprons....................................Coats, prison...........................Handkerchiefs.........................1 Enumeration impracticable.
9.1 4.38.244.415.09.0
42.05.06.01.938.5 15.36.1
10.0
9.013.0
3.0
1.017.09.0
124.512.1
229.03.4.55.01.9
12393,00050015,000(9
2,463.661,229.022.250.00 12,000.002.500.00 2,405. 79
2515,0003403072,468(9
867.605.250.002.090.00 2,837.33 7,524.7515,370.59
360575165<9
306.00431.2582.5048.75
350238
192.50 180.00 2,877.50 300.00
9497657,050<9
14,917.37 2,555.05 28,566.47 2,620.551,6622,87122,500
468.80 7,702.77 978.00
i
3.006.00<9
30,000.00 13,875.006,000.00
(9 5,000.00
•
<9 1,400.00
(9 47.5
11
(9 57.10
12393,00050015.000 0)
36.00
(92515.000 340 3072,468
(9(9
360575165(9<9
350
9497657,050
<91,6622,87122,500
2,463.661,229.022.250.00
12,000.002.500.00 2,405.7930,000.0013,875.006,000.00
867.605.250.002.090.00 2,837.33 7,524.7515,370.595,000.00
306.00431.2582.5048.751,400.00
192.50 180.00 2,925.03 300.00
14,917.37 2,555.05 28,566.47 2,677.65
468.80 7,702.77 978.00
Cn
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A*—Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1932, by State, system, and institution—Continued
STATE PRISONS—Continued ILLINOIS—Continued
Oo>
Institution, articles produced, and unit
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number Value
Public works and ways State account Piece price Contract Total
Number Value Number Value Number Value Number Value Number Value
1,914 10,898 2,335
$582.008,725.484,900.66
9,256 6,200.3518,858 7,662.33
<92.00$825.18
522,488. 37 30,000.00
<9 2825.18
522,488.37.50
(*>
0.50 30,000.00
15,000.00 <*>54
15,000.001,078.33
10,023 3,708.51526 4,794.00952 15,404.56
2,740 1,041.20(0 57,995.68
336 3,067.203,475
860235
$7,869.85 1,231.94 1,429.64
4,951 12,025.1517,623 31,069.37
377 2,697.65492 7,630.43490 2,375.35
220 1,122.07 488.85
758 5,957.820) 0) 2,058.44
STATE PENITENTIARY—ContinuedClothing—Continued
Hats and caps_______________Overalls......................................Pants, prison________________ _Shirts, work_____ ____ - ...........Underwear................................. .
Construction:Alterations and installations—New buildings............................
Hoads, new...................miles..New, other than buildings and
roads....................................... .Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle_________________ head..Corn________________bushels..Hay.................................. tons..Hogs__________________ head..Wheat..........................bushels-.Miscellaneous........................
Furniture and furnishings:B eds......................................Chairs, fiber...........................Chairs, wood................... .......Davenports, sofas, etc----------Desks.................................. —Mattresses..---------- -----------Tables.....................................Miscellaneous---------------------
1.211.23.8
11.313.21.2
815.824.023.04.4
15.2 19.663.2 4.2
236.415.3
274.2160.468.038.96.4
36.926.9
1,91410,8982,3359,256
18,858
10,023 526 952
2,740 <*)
336 1,476
16, 763 142 492 490 I
<0
3,708.51
57,995.68
29,837.43 1,268.01 7,630.43 2,375.35 4,835.75 1,.........
PRISON LABOR
EN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Metal products:Castings _ .............. ...... pounds.Galvanized ware_____________Tinware_____________________Miscellaneous____________. __
Textiles and textile products:Pillowcases.______________ . . .Sheets______________________Towels.............. ...... ..................Miscellaneous textile products.
WOMEN’S PRISON
Laundry, commercial........pounds.Textiles and textile products:
Flags...........................................Miscellaneous textile products.
STATE REFORMATORY
Clay, cement, and stone products:Concrete blocks___thousands.Stone, building_________ tons.Miscellaneous_______________
Clothing:Aprons_____________________Coats__________ ____________Handkerchiefs_______________Hats and caps............................Overalls____________________Overcoats____ ______________Pants............... .........................Shirts, work_________ _______Shoes, new_____________pairs.Shoes, repaired................. d o ...Suits...........................................Underwear__________________Miscellaneous............................
Construction: New buildings_____Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle.............................. head.Corn________________ bushels-Hay................................... tons.Hogs----------------------------head_Milk____________ 100 pounds .Miscellaneous farm...................
Furniture and furnishings:Beds...........................................Desks___ ____ ______________Miscellaneous_______________
12.4 116,323 6,515.5410.1 4,187 6,310.592.2 15,490 1,463.16.3 (9 252.69.9 5,272 854.32
1.9 7,036 2,678.691.9 10,778 1,641.901.2 (9 1,857.08
20.0 100,048 6,002.882.0 93 1,491.30L0 (9 57.75
28.0 146 6,654.67 (9 30.3028.6 241 6,721.80
.4 (9 99.00 (9 49.13
.2 306 57.2011.8 1,778
3,8004,368.93
.4 139.557.0 5,835 2,580.01
11.3 6,211 4,246.577.0 388 2,581.48
30.0 6,388 10,700.0921.3 19,592 7,835.3764.0 5,246 8,142.2512.0 5,012 1,547.1012.4 711 4,581.68
.4 108 133.282.7 (9 1,060.12
60.0 1 29,311.312.4 65 1,576.703.0 5,800 2,030.002.0 199 1,403.00
10.1 463 7,059.5130.0 5,524 20,076.9154.4 (9 36,282.561.9 196 238.001.8 11 223.52L7 0) 193.60
116,323 4,187
15,490(9
6,515.54 6,310.59 1,463.16
252.695,272 7,036
10,778(9
854.322,678.691,641.901,857.08
100,048 6,002.8893
(91,491.30
57.75
147241
(96,684.97 6,721.80
148.13306 57.20
t Enumeration impracticable.
1,7783.800 5,835 6,211
388 6,388
19,592 5,246 5,012
711 108
(9 1
655.800
199 463
5,524(9
19611
0)
4,368.93 139.55
2,580.01 4,246.57 2,581.48
10,700.09 7,835.37 8,142.25 1,547.10 4,581.68
133.28 1,060.12
29,311.311,576.702.030.001.403.00 7,059.31
20,076.91 36,282.56
238.00223.52193.60
» 505 blocks.
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1982, State,
STATE PRISONS—ContinuedILLINOIS—Continued
, and institution—Continued C&
Institution, articles produced, and unit
Aver-ago
number of prisoners em
ployed
Number and va’ueo articles produced under cach sys s
S ate us*
Number Value
Publi works and w s
Number Value
State account
Number Value
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number Value
STATE REFORMATORY—ContinuedHighway markers........... ...... ..........Metal products:
Aluminum ware........................Castings....................... pounds.Miscellaneous............................
Printing and binding:Books, blank and bound..........Envelopes........................... ......Letterheads...............................Miscellaneous............................
Soap and soap powder___ pounds.Textiles and textile products:
Pillowcases__________________Sheets.........................................Towels.......................................Miscellaneous textile products. .
ALL INSTITUTIONSBakery products, commercial
pounds.. Brooms, brushes, and mops:
Brooms_____ ________________Brushes..................... .................Mops............................................
Clay, cement, and stone products: Brick and building tile
thousands..Concrete blocks________ do-----Concrete posts________________
8.5.1
15.250.84.78.93.3
60.1.1
6.24.9
6.02.3 .3
1.4
44.1156.845.3
5,569
112,950 0)1,933
1,877,644 1,114,200
0) 1,6622,847 8,135
14,575(9
143,0282,242
842 1,100
882249
26,896
$1,470.1819.25
2,518.78 6,578.963,647.74 6,832.46 2,565.27
46,748.81 93.24
281.73 2,311.52 1,808.84
246.89
9,535. 201,180.85
157. 678. CO
10,333.95 22,801.06 18,557.05
1,345 0)
$30.00 441.15
(3)308 2,505. 26
30.30
114,295 0)1,933
1,877,644 1,114,200
0) 1,6622,847 8,135
14,575 0)
143,0282,242
842 1,100
1,190250
26,896
$1,470.1819.25
2,548.78 7,020.113,647.74 6,832.46 2,565.27
46,748.81 93.24
281.73 2,311.52 1,808.84
9,535.201,180.85
157.80 678.00
12,839.2122,831.3618,557.05
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Lime and agricultural limestone tons..
Stone, building................ do___Stone, crushed................do____Miscellaneous.........................
Clothing:Aprons...................................Coats.................................... .Dresses.............. .......... ...........Handkerchiefs.......................Hats and caps......................Hosiery............................ pairs..Overalls______________ ____Overcoats................................Pajamas and nightgowns___Pants.......................................Shirts, dress..........................Shirts, work__________________Shoes, new.......................pairs..Shoes, repaired.................do___Suits........................................Underwear___________ ____Miscellaneous.........................
Construction:Alterations and installations___New buildings...........................Hoads, new......................miles.New, other than buildings and
roads......... ............................. .Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle............................... head..Corn............................. bushels.Hay....................................tons.Hogs................................. head..M ilk.......................100 pounds. _Wheat..........................bushels. _Miscellaneous farm....................Miscellaneous livestock............ .
Furniture and furnishings:Beds...........................................Chairs, fiber...............................Chairs, wood............................. .Davenports, sofas, etc________Desks......................................... .Mattresses-............................... .Tables.........................................Miscellaneous............................ .
Highway markers.......... .................Land development: Land improve
ment......... .................................... .
96.073.0
595.012.81.2
40.89.03.8
10.266.869.012.0 2.2
58.1 21.763.664.012.050.7 23.95.1
55.2. 1,165.8.
54.0.95.0.9.9
65.752.487.461.84.2
467.81.7
17.2 274.2 160.468.040.710.437.4 31.18.5
10.0.
741 126,932 (03,000 9 ,r "
360 42,380 10,833
296,532 46,088
809 2,640
17,811 20,508 94,932 5,246 5,012 3,364
25,i (0
187 42,393 2,109 2,450
12,690 2,740
0)0)
532 1,476
16,763 142 503
1,576 i—o '
830. 1 33,163.
306. C2,447.'4.914.4
32,933, 42,810. £6,844. *31.917.0
36,927. A 18,962.7 41,159. f8.142.51.547.1
38,214. 1 15,171. S2,285. i
3,305. 24.155.3
29,837.41,2" ‘ 7,84.547.3 5,085.73.063.11.470.1
14,215 12,363.125,415<9
4,893.96106.23 .................... ............... ....................
0) 119
(0
$61,325.18876,999.6856,375.00
102,600.00
0) 166.03
.......... .................... 3.475860235
7,869.85 1,231.94 1,429.64
2200)
1,122.07 488.85
<*) 5,000.00
15,083 13,137.72741 18,721.80
132,347 79,456.46(*) 5.231.573,000 830.359,903 33,163.70
360 306.0042,380 2,447.7510,833 4,914.41
296,532 32,933.5646,088 42,810.80
809 6,844.782,640 1,917.08
17,811 36,927.4520,508 18,962.7094,932 41,159.655,246 8,142.255,012 1,547.103,364 38,214.83
25,659 15,171.860) 2,285.87
0) 61,325.1811 876,999.689 56,375.00
0) 102,600.00187 4,399.18
42,393 35,669.012,109 19,011.002,450 35,801.65
12,690 37,142.172,740 1,041.20
0) 141,805.180) 716.70
532 3,305.204,951 12,025.15
17,623 31,069.37377 2,697.65503 7,853.95
1,576 4,547.35808 6,207.82
(0 3,552.045,569 1,470.18
0) 5,000.001 Enumeration impracticable. * 505 blocks. O
CO
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1982, by State, system, an d institution—C on tin u ed
STATE PRISONS—ContinuedILLINOIS—Continued
o
Institution, articles produced, and unit
Average
num ber of prisoners em
ployed
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number Value
Public works and ways
Number Value
State account
Number Value
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number Value
a l l i n s t it u t io n s —-c o n t in u e d
Laundry, commercial........pounds..Lumber and timber products:
Lumber................... board feet—Miscellaneous_____________
Metal products:Aluminum ware___________Castings-.....................pounds—Galvanized ware........ ...........Tinware___________________Miscellaneous____ _________
Printing and binding:Books, blank and bound___Envelopes_________________Letterheads-----------------------Miscellaneous........................
Soap and soap powder....... pounds—Textiles and textile products:
Flags........................................Pillowcases-------------------------Sheets--------------------------------Towels____________________Miscellaneous textiles.................Miscellaneous textile products—
Other manufactured products___
20.04.05.0.1
27.610.16.8
51.14.78.93.3
60.1 .1
2.02.39.48.5 1.25.5
20.4
100,04818,122 0)
229,273 4,187
19,785 0)1,
1,877,644 1,114,200
0) 1,662
$6,002.88724.88
1,226.0019.25
9,034.32 6,310.59 3,320.66 6,831.653,647.74 6,832.46 2,565.27
46,748.81 93.24
1,491.301.656.906.091.91 4,909.84
617.404,531.43
15,364.78
1,345 $30.00
0) 441.15
100,04818,122 (0
230,618 4,187
19,785 0)V1,877,644
1,114,2000) 1,662
10,471 17,751 33, C" 0)0)
0) 18.00
$6,002.88724.88
1,226.0019.25
9,064.32 6,310.59 3,320.66 7,272.803,647.74 6,832.46 2,565.27
46,748.81 93.24
1,491.301.656.906.091.91 4,909.84
617.404,531.43
15,382.78Total______________________ 4,577.0 $1,102,299.86 .............. 32,696.40 2,030,032.28
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
INDIANA
REFORMATORY
Brooms, brushes, and mops:Brooms........................................Mops.......................................... .
Clay, cement, and stone products: Lime and agricultural limestone
tons..Stone, building_________ do___Stone, crushed____ _____ do___
Clothing:Aprons........................................Children’s play suits____ _____Coats...........................................Gloves and mittens.........pairs..Hats and caps.............................Overalls......................................Pajamas and nightgowns_____Pants........ ........................... ......Shirts, work................................■Suits.......................................... .Underwear.................................Miscellaneous.............................
Construction:Alterations and installations__New buildings____ ____ _____ _
Farm, garden, and dairy:Cattle............................... head..Hay___________________ tons..Hogs.......... ..................... _head_.Potatoes_________ 100 pounds..Wheat................... ...... bushels..Miscellaneous dairy...................Miscellaneous farm___________
Furniture and furnishings:B eds........................ .................Desks. _______ _______________Mattresses............. ........... .........Pillows........................................Miscellaneous. ...........................
Land development: Land improvement......... .....................................
Lumber and timber products: Miscellaneous. .....................................
Metal products:Castings............... ........pounds..Galvanized ware...................... .i Enumeration impracticable.
35.05.0
2.01.0
47.9.2
413.07.02.0 2.0
24.0 .8
317.083.015.0
188.0 .3
48.050.01.02.24.04.02.0
20.0 14.8
.6
.16.02.01.3
15.0.5
9.02.01
11,172 7,333
2,500543
18,209831
4, 2,938
14,631 224
7,874 6,469 1,892 5,044
0)
25420320
3,6488,500
1,00)
403
964
0)87,0661,241
$3,824.992,236.97
2,000.00 543.00
14,398.47272.07
4,964.26 881.83
1,546.23 8,033.92
165.60 10,168.78 3,164.01 9,353.79 1,856.37
58.55
553.632.917.003.317.403.040.003.740.00 6,944.96
10,129.13189.8321.60
5.022.001.321.41
437.11
255.052,815.57
119,3261,605
18437
6,68549
$20,030.60 313.16
35.90 6,031.29
14.921,098,776 $311,317.60
197 397. 75
85 62.0133,535 39,115.22 289,788
134,177170,667.08 41,369. 70
7 44.43791,172 95,000.00
(92
$26,823.46 49,000.00
11424
362.57 7.00
(9 9,000.00
64,818138
3,241.60 101.78
8,938
2,684580
24,894
1,098, 776 3,285 4,694 2,938
14,716 224
331,197 140,646
1,: 796,216 0)<9
25420320
3,6488,500
8403
1,0781,090
<9(9<9
151,8841,379
$23,855.59 2,550.13
2,166.73 578.90
20,429.76286.99
311,317.60 5,362.01
881.83 1,546.23 8,095.93
165.60 219,951.08 44,533.71 9,398.25
96,856.37 58.55
26,823.46 49,000.00
553.632.917.00 3,317.403.040.003.740.00 6,944.96
10,129.13
21.60 5,384.57 1,328.41
437.119,000.00
255.056,057.17
971.58
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1982, /State, system, and institution—ContinuedSTATE PRISONS—Continued
INDIAN A—Continued
to
Institution, articles produced, and unit
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number Value
Public works and ways
Number Value
State account
Number Value
Piece prioe
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number Value
r e f o r m a t o r y —continuedMetal products—Continued
Iron hollow ware........ ...........Tinware..................................Miscellaneous..............................
Printing and binding: Miscellaneous printing................ ................. .
Textile and textile products:Pillowcases_____________ ____ _Sheets..........................................Miscellaneous textile products—
Other manufactured products____Miscellaneous, labor only....... .......
STATE FARM
Baskets...........................................Brooms, brushes, and mops: Brooms- Clay, cement, and stone products:
Brick and building tilethousands..
Lime and agricultural limestone.........- ...............—-tons..
Stone, crushed................-do—M iscellaneous.........................
Clothing:Aprons......................................Coats........................................Gloves and mittens......... pairsHats and caps..........................Overalls......... ..........................Pajamas and nightgowns........
101.33.0.8
25.0.5.6.5.2.4
108.52.4
103.017.085.0 6.0.1
1.31.0.1
2.0.7
213 2,679
(0(0
6461,554
1,740
3,81412,085 60,487 0)
3121,778
19,640255
4,7941,448
$222.022,043.17
198.0011,283.72
91.26864.14278.36145.00180.00
574.09705.00
31,559.087.251.00
36,292.201.402.00
62.401.778.001.964.00
38.253,595.50
724.00
134,214 116
0)0)
$47,348.0031.74
200.00
3,249.45
95,975 31,678.92
1,120 184
10,437.37736.00
0) 1,260.00
97,715 1,692
4,93412,269 60,487 0)
3121,778
19,640255
4,7941,448
$47,570.022,074.91
398.0014,533.17
91.26864.14278.36145.00180.00
32,253.01 705.00
41,996.457.987.00
36,292.202.662.00
62.401.778.001.964.00
38.253,595.50
724.00
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Shirts, work....... .........................Underwear......... ........ ............._.Miscellaneous..........................
Construction:New buildings......................... .New, other than buildings and
roads.........................................Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle............................... head—Corn............................. bushels..Hay.—...............................tons—Hogs.............................. ..head..Wheat................... ...... bushels—Miscellaneous farm _ ...................
Furniture and furnishings:Chairs, wood...............................Davenports, sofas, etc................Tables.........................................
Land development: Land improvement................................................
Lumber and timber products:Miscellaneous............................. .
Textiles and textile products:Pillowcases.......................... ........Sheets..........................................Towels______________________
Other manufactured products..........STATE PRISON
Brooms, brushes, and mops:Brooms........................................Brushes.......................................
Clothing:Aprons.........................................Coats.................................. ........Gloves and mittens_____pairs..Hats and caps....... .....................Hosiery........................... .pairs..Overalls.......................................Overcoats....................................Pajamas and nightgowns...........Pants..........................................Shirts, dress................................Shirts, work................................Shoes, new....................... pairs. .Shoes, repaired.......... ...... do___Suits________________________Underwear..................................Miscellaneous________________i Enumeration impracticable.
i.04.3 1.0 .2
1.07.04.0
13.06.0
10.0 3.0
114.040.015.043.0
218.010.0
.2
.8
.419.0
3.03.01.03.05.01.0
13.05.02.0 2.03.02.0
566.045.03.02.07.05.0
£523,534
(*)
136.081 1,063.501
81.00
120 . 20,000
620 748
7,272 (0
2.150.80 8,000.00 6,200.00
12,127.922.908.80
61,069.21194134
5,665278.60 413.16
4,140.18
(0 4,354.841,5352,4802,174
383.75 1,240.00
217.40
1,3281,413
791.48 440.76
2,8782,215
14,4683,057
53,5613,280
4332,1736,5541,7526,777
17,5044,450
7316,483
0)
766.65 7,533.30 1,446.88
883.78 5,253.502.159.75 2,835.95 1,594.35
10,121.371.760.75 2,512.26
34,364.44 2,247.23 5,160.40 2,756.85
511.45
0)
(0
$1,000.0023,000.00
13,140.00
4,715 1,003
21,143
10
6,795.11 3,123.70
17,519.87
11.15
6.00
4.89
2.9450.9132.99
242,910 $74,997.25
(0
1,323,950
22,919.49
400,214.65
243,162|3,545
(0
75,133.331,063.50
81.00ft 1 1,000.00
(0 23,000.00120
20,000620748
7,2720)
2.150.80 8,000.00 6,200.00
12,127.922.908.80
61,069.214,909 1,137
26,8087,073.713,536.86
21,660.05
(0 13,140.00
0) 4,354.841,5352,4802,174
0)
383.751,240.00
217.4022,919.49
1,3281,423
791.48451.91
2,878 2,223
14,468 3,057
53,561 3,283
433 2,173 6,554 1,758
1,330,800 17,518 4,450
731 6,483
- (0
766.65 7,539.30 1,446.88
883.78 5,253.50 2,164.64 2,835.95 1,594.35
10,121.37 1,763.69
402,777.82 34,397.43 2,247.23 5,160.40 2,756.85
511.45
CO;
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A .— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1982, by State,STATE PRISONS—Continued
INDIANA—Continued
, and institution—Continued M
Institution, articles produced, and unit
state prison—continuedConstruction:
Alterations and installations___New buildings........................
Farm, garden, and dairy:Cattle_________________ head—Corn----------------- ------ bushels—Hay____________ _______ tonsHogs----------------- -----------headPotatoes................. 100 poundsWheat..........................bushels _.Miscellaneous dairy........... ......Miscellaneous farm...................
Furniture and furnishings:Chairs, fiber_________________Mattresses__________________Pillows_____________________
Highway markers............................Lumber and timber products:
Boxes.................... ........... ..........Miscellaneous_______________
Metal products:Auto license tags........... ...........Galvanized ware------- -------------Tags, miscellaneous----------------Tinware—................... ...............Miscellaneous............................
Printing and binding: Books, blankand bound.....................................
Repair and shop work.....................Soap and soap powder------pounds—
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
1.0225.0
.126.08.06.0
20.01.08.0
74.0.2
1..1
41.41.5
68.91.04.01.0 1.65.0.5
17.0
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number
8,660586210
4,511784
(9 (9
613 306
100,1032,620
(95,015,941
328 79,158
738(9
652(9
223,264
Value
$84.10 2,598.255.860.00 1,758.673.759.00
373.606,567.37
22.802.9357.42
1.294.00 76.50
63.333.94319.70 132.23
129,701.69 428.67
2.522.00 469.91 452.41379.81
7.169,074.84
Public works and ways
Number
(9
Value
$500.00 95,516.81
State account
Number
195
(9
(9
(9 10,375
Value
$2,145. (
2P.19
942.17
118. 75 348.58
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number
(9
586 4C5
4,511 784
822
613 306
ICO, 1C32,620
(93,015,941
328 79,158
738(9
652(9
Value
$500.0095,516.81
84.10 2,598.255.860.003.904.363.759.00
373.606.567.37
22.802.9357.42
1.294.00 76.50
63.333.94319.70 160.42
129,701.69 428.67
2.522.00 469.96
1,394.58379.81125.91
9,423.42
PKISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
-oH
QZTextiles and textile products:
Blankets................................. .Cotton yard goods, light
pounds..Flags................. ....................Pillowcases________________Sheets___________ _________Towels........... ..................... ........Miscellaneous textile products..
Other manufactured products_____WOMEN’S PRISON
Clothing:Aprons.Underwear...... ..........................
Farm, garden, and dairy: Miscellaneous farm......................... ........
Laundry, commercial____ pounds .Textiles and textile products:
Blankets________________ ___Pillowcases__________________Sheets.......... ........................... .Miscellaneous textile products.
Other manufactured products.........ALL INSTITUTIONS
Baskets....................... ..........Brooms, brushes and mops:
Brooms_______________Brushes_______________
Clay, cement, and stone products: Brick and building tile
thousands.. Lime and agricultural limestone
tons..Stone, building................ do___Stone, crushed................. do___Miscellaneous________________
Clothing:Aprons..................... ...................Children’s play suits..................Coats________________________Dresses........................................Gloves and mittens.........pairs,.Hats and caps________________Hosiery------------------------pairs—Overalls___________ _______
2.0 689 .814.50 2 3.0096.0 34,276 26,349.47
32.34.2 8 2 9.501.5 7,203 1,440.602.0 7,279 4,710.112.0 18,753 1,649.03
15.4 (9 1,169.12 (9 1,194.517.0 (0 11,496.63
1.0 87 43.501.0 195 143.753.0 1,745 432.958.0 0) 4,997.08
26.0 17,696 1,238. 718.0 55 550.002.0 407 52.003.0 212 159.007.0 (») 496.00 (9 47.14
15.0 (l) 241.70
108.5 1,740 574.09 95,975119,326
10
31,678.9220,030.60
11.1540.4 14,192 5,321.47
440.763.0 1,4135.0 7,333
3,814
2,236.97
31,559.089,251. 00
543.00
1,605
1,120368
313.16
103.0 10,437.37 902.7319.0 14,585
5431.0 37 35.90132.9 78,696 50,690. 67
1,402.001,144.62
6,685(9
49
6,031.29 1,260.00
14.926.0 0)2.3 4,108
413.0 1,098,776 $311,317.6011.3 7,081
19514,275.56
143.75205 403. 75
1.08.0 38,802
6,2504,292. 71 2,468.26 5,253. 50
13,789.173.1 ....... II
13.0 53,561 22,70531.0 ...—_...... 88 66.90
34,276 10
7,203 7,279
18,753 (0 0)
97,715133,518
1,423 8,938
4,93414,953
580 85, 381 0)4,157
098,776 7,
195 38,802 6,250
53,561 22,793
26,349.47 41.84
1,440.60 4,710.11 1,649.03 2,363.63
11,496.63
817.50
87 43.50195 143. 75
1,745 432.95
(9 4,997.0817,696 1,238.71
55 550.00407 52.00212 159.00
(9 543.14(9 241.70
32,253.0125,352.07
451.91 2,550.13
41,996.4510,153.73
578.90 56,721.96 2,662.001,159.54
311,317.60 14,679.31
143.75 4,292.71 2,468.26 5,253.50
13,856.07i Enumeration impracticable. <1
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1982, by State, system, and institution—C on tin u ed
STATE PRISONS—ContinuedINDIANA—Continued
05
Institution, articles produced, and unit
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number Value
Public works and ways
Number Value
State account
Number Value
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number Value
all institutions—continuedClothing—Continued
Overcoats.............. ....................Pajamas and nightgowns.........Pants..........................................Shirts, dress...............................Shirts, work....... - .....................Shoes, new..................... . pairs-Shoes, repaired.................d o ...Suits..........................................Underwear.................................Miscellaneous............................
Construction:Alterations and installations...New buildings...........................New, other than buildings and
roads.......................................Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle................ .............. head.Corn________________bushels .Hay------- ------------- --------tons.Hogs............. ...... .............head.Potatoes_________ 100 pounds _Wheat..........................bushels.Miscellaneous dairy..................Miscellaneous farm...................
Furniture and furnishings:B ed s......................................... .Chairs, fiber...............................Chairs, wood..............................Davenports, sofas, etc-------------Desks_______________________
2.03.5
320.0 2.0
753.345.03.0
17.0199.0
5.549.0
276.07.05.1
39.0 16.220.024.0 6.0
28.0 210.8
.6
.240.015.0
.1
433 3,845
14,428 1,752
13,498 17,504 4,450 2,623
16,817 0)
15328,6601,6261,2788,159
16,556
4022
194134
3
$2,835.95 2,483.95
20,290.15 1,760.75 5,812.35
34,364.44 2,247.23
14,514.19 6,109.67
651.00
2,788.53 10,598.25 14,977.00 17,203.99 6,799.00 7,022.40
13,512.33 98,998.35
189.83 57.42
278.60 413.16 21.60
33,535 6
73 14
$39,115.22 2.94
50.91 32.99
289,788 $170,667.081,701,037 516, 581.60
44.43791,172 95,000.00
0)
<9
$27,323.46 145,516.8123,000.00
195 2,145. (
4,7151,003
6,795.11 3,123.70
433 3,845
337,751 1,758
1,714, r~ 17,518 4,450 2,630
807,989(9 0)
0)153
28,660 1,626 1,473 8,159
16,556
840 22
4,909 1,137
3
$2,835.95 2,483.95
230,072.45 1, 763.69
522,444.86 34,397.43 2,247.23
14,558.62 101,109.67
651.0027,323.46
145,516.8123,000.002,788.53
10,598.25 14,977.00 19,349.68 6,799.00 7,022.40
13,512.33 98,998.35
189.83 57.42
7,073.71 3,536.86
21.60
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Mattresses................................. .Pillows.............. ........................ .Tables........................................ .Miscellaneous.............................
Highway markers............................Land development: Land improve
ment.................................... .........Laundry, commercial____ pounds..Lumber and timber products:
Boxes......................................Miscellaneous.........................
Metal products:Auto license tags.....................Castings...................... pounds..Galvanized ware........................Iron hollow ware....................... .Tags, miscellaneous.................. .Tinware.................................... .Miscellaneous...... ..................... .
Printing and binding-Books, blank and bound...........Miscellaneous.............................
Repair and shop work......................Soap and soap powder___ pounds..Textiles and textile products:
Blankets......................................Cotton yard goods, light-
pounds.Flags............................................Pillowcases................... ..............Sheets........................................ .Towels..................... ................. .Miscellaneous textile products..
Other manufactured products_____Miscellaneous labor only__________
Total.........................................3,780.0
7.8 1,577 6,316.00 .................... 11411 362,572.1 1,372 1,397.91 .................... 24 7.0043.0 5,665 4,140.18 21,143 17,519.871.3 0) 437.1141.4 100,103 63,333.94
233.0 0) 22,140.0026.0 17,696 1,238.711.5 2,620 319.70
11.3 0) 4,742.12 0) 28.1968.9 3,015,941 129,701.699.0 87,066 2,815.57 64,818 3,241.60
101.783.0 1,569 1,298.47 138101.3 213 222.02 134,214 47,348.004.0 79,158 2,522.00
4.0 4,417 2,513.08 116 31.742.4 0) 650.41 0) 1,142.175.0 652 379.81
25.0 0) 11,283.72 0) 3,249.45 118.75.5 0) 7.16 0)17.0 223,264 9,074.84 10,375 348.58
10.0 744 1,364.50 2 3.0096.0 34,276 26,349.47
.2 8 32.34 2 9.504.2 9,791 1,967.616.4 11,525 6,973.252.4 20,927 1,866.43
22.9 1,943.48 0) 1,241. 6541.2 h 11,883.33 0) 22,919.49.4 0 180.00, 780.0 701,032.89 217,980.27 198,490.24 1,116,485.77
V 1,<
26,808 0)
100,103
0) 17,6962,620
0)3,015,941
151,8841,707
134,42779,1584,533
<9652
8233,639746
34,276 10
9,791 11,525 20,927 0)0)0)
6.678.57 1,404.91
21,660.05 437.11
63,33 . 9422,140.001,238.71
319.704,770.31
129,701.69 6,057.171.400.25
47,570.022,522.002,544.821.792.58
379.81 14,533.17
125.919.423.421,367.50
26,349.47 41.84
1,967.616.973.251.866.43 3,185.13
34,802.82 180.00
2, 233,989.17
1 Enumeration impracticable.
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
STATE PRISONS— Continued IOWA
T a b l e A.—Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1932, by State, system, and institution—Continued ^
Institution, articles produced, and unit
MEN’ S REFORMATORY
Clay, cement, and stone products:Concrete blocks___ thousands..Lime and agricultural lime
stone ______ __________tons..Stone, building —............ do___Stone, crushed_________ do—
Clothing:Aprons................ ....................... -Coats_____ ______ —.................Dresses....................................... -Gloves and mittens........ pairs..Hats and caps......... ................. -Overalls--------------------------------Overcoats.......................... .........Pajamas and nightgowns..........Pants...................................... —Shirts, dress------ --------------------Shirts, work...............................Shoes, repaired------------- pairs..Suits---------------- --------------------Underwear--------- ------------------Miscellaneous.............................Miscellaneous, labor only---------
Construction:Alterations and installations—New buildings............................Roads, repairs.............................New, other than buildings and
roads----------------------------------
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
4.08.4
18.030.7
.33.6
490.03.5 2.8
16.58.5 1.27.52.04.34.4
17.5 2.2.7
4.314.355.010.011.7
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number
1,546 2,033
11,162479871
18,120 5,005
12,954 878 226
2,478 2,079 4,031 3,768 1,352 2,627
0)
Value
$1,280.001,228.61
12, 799.00 8,795.76
227.95 2,755.252,648.61 2,087.17
12,568. 00 6,422.70
172.70 5,677.30 1,554.3, 289.15 4,144. “
13,086. 50 1,678.95
525.20
Public works and ways
Number
0)0)0)
Value
$31,800.00 277,500.00 17,000.0020,160.00
State account
Number
2,968476
6,762
49
0)
Value
$2,335.05 475.87
4,387.77
70.0048.5017.25
296.25
214.00
Piece price
Number
2,080,540
1,128
(0
Value
$859,276.25
846.00
3,246.00
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number
84,5142,509
17,924479 871
5,080,540 18,120 5,005
12,954 883
1,354 2,488 2,100 4,031 3,768 1,401 2,627
0)0)0)C)0)
Value
$1,280.003,563.66
13,274.87 13,183.53
227.95 2,755.25
859,276.25 2,648.61 2,087.17
12.568.00 6,492. 70 1,018.705.725.80 1,571.85 3,289.154.144.80
13,382.751,678.95
525.20 3,460.00
31.800.00 277,500.0017,000.0020.160.00
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Farm, garden, and dairy:Cattle...............................head..Corn__________ _____ bushels..Hay.......... ........................tons..Hogs................................. head..Milk...... ................ 100 pounds..Wheat______ ________ bushels..Miscellaneous dairy......... .........Miscellaneous farm___________Miscellaneous livestock_______
F u r n itu r e and fu rn ish in g s :Benches. ....................................... .
Highway markers...... .................... .Land development: Land improve
ment.............................................. .Lumber and timber products: Mis
cellaneous________ _____________Metal products:
Aluminum ware........................ .Auto license tags.....................Galvanized ware_____________Tags, miscellaneous.................. .Tinware. ____________________Miscellaneous________________
Printing and binding:Books, blank and bound___Envelopes................................. .Letterheads....................... .........Miscellaneous....................... .....
Repair and shop work......................Soap and soap powder___ pounds..Textiles and textile products:
Pillowcases_____________ ____ _Sheets______________________ _Towels....................................... .Miscellaneous textile products..
Other manufactured products_____WOMEN’ S REFORMATORY
Clothing:Aprons________________ _____ _Dresses...................... .................Hats and ca]Pajamas an<Underwear..............................Miscellaneous-......................i Enumeration impracticable.
6.9 16.13.65.4
29.3 .3
3.624.3
.31.0
13.710.01.15.9
29.93.32.51.96.93.28.11.4
26.3 .6
11.1.7.7
1.6 1.1 4.8
(93,993
1,604,300 1, —
136,012 1,180
(94,304
1,131,7f 198,500
8 433,753
1,900 868
3,320
1.1 606 268.926.0 1,571 2,214. 23.1 180 36.00
3.1 1,435 1,215.404.4 1,833 973.45.6 (9 65.10
14,989.0011,239.387.246.00 6,749.42
36,331.521.040.00
26,626.81 25,440.81
472.50 31,319.04
745.002,725.20
67,941.35 1,516.52 5,778.43
854.05 3,062.271,576.454,005.79
11,317.31567.68
38,849.80514.63 506.33
1,206.17 829.40
8,762.79
(9 4,780.00
176
50727
0)8
<9
(9
(95,155
(9(9
13,412.61
7,319.55 68.02
5,357.27 89.12
125.00
38.00
143.60
1,530.18524.72
20.9086.05
3,993 1,604,300
1,383 136,012
1,180 (94,304
1,131,782 198,500 (9 (9
438,9081,900
8683,320
8
1,571 180
1,435 1,“ “ (9
28,401.61 11,239.387.246.00
14,068.97 36,399.541.040.00
31,984.08 25,529.93
934.59472.50
31,319.044.780.00
783.002,725.20
67,941.351,516.525,778.43
854.053,205.871,576.454,005.79
666.3812,847.49
567.6839,374.52
514.63 506.33
1,206.17 850.30
8,848.84
268.92 2,214.23
36.00 1,215.40
973.45 65.10
*<1CD
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1932, by State, system, and institution—ContinuedSTATE PKISONS—Continued
IOWA—Continued
00o
Institution, articles produced, and unit
women’s reformatory—contd.Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle............................... head-Hay....................................tons.Hogs................................. head-M ilk................ ...... 100 pounds..Miscellaneous dairy...................Miscellaneous farm.....................Miscellaneous livestock..............
Textile and textile products:Flags............................................Pillowcases..................................Sheets..........................................Towels.........................................Miscellaneous textile products..
STATE PENITENTIARYBrooms, brushes, and mops:
Brooms........................................Brushes.................. .....................Mops............................................
Clay, cement, and stone products: Lime and agricultural limestone
tons..Stone, building................ do_.Stone, crushed.................. do-----
Clothing:Coats......................................Gloves and mittens.........pairs..Hats and caps.............................Hosiery.............................pairs—
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
0.5.4
2.04.0 .4
21.6.1
4.02.0
10.0.1.6
6.03.0.1
3.1 .4
38.55.72.1 .5
10.0
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number Value
7,7765,515
109
976217
5,1901,000
22,944 1,000
75,787
$793.54564.00 953.10
5,803.041.025.40 6,678.47
200.00
2.104.41 3,745. 30
19,258.12 16.80
3,491.29 2,312.83
27.25
731.76 108.62
3,696.014.500.002.316.00
400.0010,989.87
Public works and ways
Number Value
State account
Number
(0
230102
238,713
Value
$73.00 49.62
54.65
113.2046.95
17.21
5,808.16
46.92
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number
8,0065,617
109
21713,9031,000
22,9441,000
76,078
Value
16 $793.5447 564.0047 953.10
2,974 5,803.040) 1,098.40p> 6,728.090) 200.009,752 2,104.41
10,040 3,745.3017,112 19,258.12
48 16.800) 54.65
3,604.492,359.78
27.25
748.97108.62
9,504.174.500.002.316.00
400.0011,036.79
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Overalls. .....................................Overcoats...................................Pants...........................................Shirts, work................................Shoes, new...... ................ pairs..
..Shoes, repaired................. do___Suits......................... ...............Underwear...... .......................... .Miscellaneous.... ....................... .
Construction:Alterations and installations__New buildings...........................New, other than buildings and
roads....................................... .Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle............................... head.Corn________________ bushels.Hay---------------------------- tons...Hogs...............................head..Milk........... ........... 100 pounds _Potatoes............................do___Wheat..........................bushels-Miscellaneous dairy...................Miscellaneous farm...................Miscellaneous livestock_______
Furniture and furnishings:Benches.......................................Chairs, wood..................... .........Desks..................... .....................Tables........................................ .Miscellaneous........................... .
Harness............................... . .sets..Lumber and timber products:
Miscellaneous.............................. .Repair and shop work..................... .Textile and textile products:
Bags........................................... .Blankets......................................Cotton yard goods:
Light..................... pounds..Heavy......... ...............do___
Towels.............. .........................Miscellaneous textile products..
Other manufactured products_____ALL INSTITUTIONS
Brooms, brushes, and mops:Brooms_________ _____ _______Brushes_____________________Mops............ ........ ......................1 Enumeration impracticable.
3.6 4,200 2,800.001.9 195 1,462.509.1 2,400 7,200.00
263.3 6,013 3,074.70 835,601 $317,528.3825.2 15,456 48,051.56 910 2,443.453.6 6,648 6,736.61 510 484.953.7 387 2,902. 507.8 13,697 8,638.36 53 35.50.2 0) 91.52
2.0 0) $2,000.0059.0 1 96,500.0048.0 0) 48,900.004.2 414 27,368.91 104 7,992.10
403.123.5 8,800 3,400.00 1,612 102.1 335 2,210.00 50.00
4.5 909 12,426.40 142 1,494.988.3 5,226 10,194.48
15.5 29,072 24,226.33.1 250 137.50.1 0) 133. 63
10.9 0) 10,183.79 (0 373. 83.3 0) 145.00 (0 33.00.8 142 284.00
170.9 382 911.00 108,014 4, 620
175,585. 5023.8 25,392.40
78,802.85 5,301.09
75.7 26 67.50 27,2045.5 0) 15.00 0)1.1 12 555.003.2 0) 789. 66 0) 419.076.8 0) 363.02 0) 6,516. 24
9,401. 5728.5 40, 74138.2 4,477 12,604.1329.1 16,659 9,600.9240.3 29,434 13,324.147.0 11,045 2,298.54.1 (0 160. 72 0) 33. 25
2.7 0) 3,156.50 0) 65.26
6.0 7,776 3,491.29 2T0 113.203.0 5,515
1092,312.83 102 46.95
.1 27.25
4,200 2,800.00195 1,462.50
2,400 7,200.00841,614 320,603.0816,366 50,495.017,158 7,221.56
387 2,902.5013,750 8,673.860) 91.52
0) 2,000.001 96,500.00
C) 48,900.00518 35,361.01
10,412 3,803.12345 2,260.00
1,051 13,921.385,226 10,194.48
29,072 24, 226.33250 137. 50
0) 133.63(') 10,557.620) 178.00
142 284.00108,396 176,496.50
4,620 25,392.4027,230 78,870.350) 5,316. 09
12 555.00
(0 1,208.73(0 6,879.2640,741 9,401.574,477 12,604.13
16,659 9,600.9229,434 13,324.1411,045 2,298.540) 193.970 3,221.76
8,0065,617
1093,604.492,359.78
27.25 00
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A,— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1982, by Stale, system, an d institution— C on tin u ed
STATE PRISONS— ContinuedIOW A—Continued
00t o
Institution, articles produced, and unit
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
N umber and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number Value
Public works and ways
Number Value
State account
Number Value
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number Value
all institutions—continuedClay, cement, and stone products:
Concrete blocks___ thousands..Lime and agricultural limestone
tons..Stone, building_________do___Stone, crushed_________ do___
Clothing:Aprons................ ........................Coats....................... ...................Dresses........................................Gloves and mittens.........pairsHats and caps........ ....... .............Hosiery_______________ pairs „Overalls_____________________Overcoats.......................... .........Pajamas and nightgowns______Pants............. ............. ...............Shirts, dress______ ___________Shirts, work....... .......................Shoes, new....................... pairs.Shoes, repaired-------------- do__Suits________________________Underwear----------------------------Miscellaneous.................. ..........Miscellaneous, labor only_____
Construction:Alterations and installations—New buildings-----------------------Roads, repaired......................... .New, other than buildings and
roads___ - _________________
4.011.518.469.21.49.3
496.05.63.4
10.0 20.110.44.3
16.62.0
267.625.2 8.0
21.214.4 1.54.3
16.3114.0 10.059.7
2,522 2,250
16,3521,085 1,871 1,571
41,064 6,185
75,787 17,154 1,073 1,661 4,878 2,079
10,044 15, 456 10,416 1,739
18,157 0)
$1,280.001,960.37
12,907.62 12,491.77
496.87 7,255.25 2,214. 23 4,964. 61 2,523.17
10,989.87 15, 368.00 7,885.20 1,388.10
12,877." 1,554.60 6,363.85
48,051.56 10,881.41 15,989.00 11,290.76
681.82
2,991476
15,475$2,352.26
475. 87 10,195.93
2,080,540 $859, 276.25
291 46.9270.0048.5017.25
1,128 846.00
91051053
2,443.45 484.95 296.25 35.50
835,601 317,528.38
0) 214.00 0) 3,246.00
(00)(0
$33,800.00 374,000.00 17,000.0069,060.00
8 $1,280.005,513 4,312.632,726 13,383.49
31,827 22,687.701,085 496.871,871 7,255.25
2,082, 111 861,490.4841,064 4,964.616,185 2,523.17
76,078 11,036.7917,154 15,368.001,078 7,955.202,789 2,234.104,888 12,925.802,100 1,571.85
845,645 323,892.2316,366 50,495.0110,926 11,366.361,788 16,285.25
18,210 11,326.260) 681.820) 3,460.00
(l) 33,800.003 374,000.00
0) 17,000.00
(0 69,060,00
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Farm, garden, and dairy:Cattle............................... head..Corn......... ............ ...... bushels..Hay................................... tons..Hogs............... ..................head-Milk____ ________100 pounds..Potatoes.......................-_-do—Wheat..........................bushels..Miscellaneous dairy..................Miscellaneous farm............... .Miscellaneous livestock_______
Furniture and furnishings:Benches......................................Chairs, wood________________Desks_________ _____________Tables.........................................Miscellaneous........ . .................. .
Harness.....................................sets..Highway markers............................ .Land development: Land improve
ment................ ............................. .Lumber and timber products:
Miscellaneous............................... .Metal products:
Aluminum ware______________Auto license tags....................... .Galvanized ware.................... .Tags, miscellaneous...................Tinware...................... ...............Miscellaneous________________
Printing and binding:Books, blank and bound...........Envelopes___________________Letterheads.................. ..............Miscellaneous____ ___________
Repair and shop work............... .....Soap and soap powder............... .....Textiles and textile products:
Bags........................................... .Blankets................................. .Cotton yard goods:
Light..................... pounds..Heavy......... .............. do___
Flags...........................................Pillowcases....... ...... .................. .Sheets..........................................Towels....................................... .Miscellaneous textile products-
Other manufactured products......... .Total_____________________ _
11.619.6 6.1
11.941.615.5
.44.1
56.8 .7
1.8170.923.875.75.51.1
13.710.04.35.9
29.93.32.51.96.93.28.11.4
26.37.4
11.128.538.229.140.3 4.02.7
10.78.71.87.5
1,988.0
(0 1236,947
(03,993
1,604,300 1,383
136,012 1,180
0)4,304
1,131,782 198,500
433,753
4,47716,659 29,434 9,752
11,940 17,980 14,413
8
43,151. 14,639. 10, 020. 20,128. 52,329. 24,226. 1,177.
27,652. 42,303. 1,154.
472.50911.0067.50 15.00
555.00 31,319.04
1,534.662,725.20
67,941.35 1,516.52 5,778.43
854.05 3,062.271,576.45 4,005.79
666.38 11,317.31
930. 70 38,849.80
12,604.13600.92 324.14 104.41259.93 764.45 521. 51 990.12 919.29
684,217.07
0)
1,61210
64927
4,780.00
498,640.00
8(0
142 108,014
4,620 27,204 0)
(0
<0
(9 (0 5,15540,741
0)0)
21,404.71 403.12 50.00
8,814.53 68.02
5,563.90 512.57158.00284.00
175,585.5025,392.4078,802.855,301.09
457.07
143.60
1,530.18 6,516.24
524.729,401.57
108. 151. 31
358,015.21. 1,180,896.63
1,06437,7131,0292,052
26,84729,0722,330
4,304 1,131,782 .. 198,500
0)438,90840,7414,477
16,29,9,
11,17,14,
8413
64*556.16 15,042.50 10,070.00 28,943.45 52,397.06 24,226.33 1,177.50
33,216.11 42,815.64 1,312.59
756.50176,496.5025,392.4078.870.35 5,316.09
555.0031,319.044,780.001,991.732,725.20
67.941.35 1,516.52 5,778.43
854.05 3,205.871,576.45 4,005.79
666.38 12,847.49 7,446.94
39,374.529,401.57
12,604.13600.92 324.14 104.41259.93 764.45 521. 51 098.92 070.60
2,721,768.91OOCO1 Enumeration impracticable.
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
STATE PRISONS— Continued KANSAS
T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1932, by State, system, and institution—Continued 82
Institution, articles produced, and unit
STATE INDUSTRIAL FARM FOR WOMEN
Clothing:Coats________________________Dresses.........................................Pajamas and nightgowns...........Suits. ..........................................Underwear..................................Miscellaneous.............................
Farm, garden, and dairy: Miscellaneous farm.................. ...............
Textiles and textile products:Bags.............................................Pillowcases..................................Tow els.......................................Miscellaneous textile products. .
STATE INDUSTRIAL REFORMATORY
Clothing:Coats...........................................Hats and caps........................... .Overalls____________ ______ _Pants............... ...... .....................Shirts, dress................................Shirts, work_________________Shoes, new.......................pairs. _Shoes, repaired.................do___Suits...........................................Underwear................................ .Miscellaneous_______________
Construction: Alterations and installations......................................
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
1.02.5 .5
2.0.8
1.56.0.3.5.3
.2
.52.02.21.01.07.06.0
18.3.6.7
47.0
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number
0)0)
3849222128:
316
504207372
0)
421,
258 603 438
1,683 3,514
180 1,144
0)
Value
$109.20241.5052.70
166.0079.00
142. 552,279.83
26.00 41.40 37.20
314.71
42.00 91.60
373.80395.25 180.90 153.30
!, 366.00 !, 735.85 !, 240.00
114.40128.25
Public works and ways
Number
0)
Value
$54,303.41
State account
Number
0)
Value
$62. i
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number
0)0)
3849222128
316
504207372
0)
42 289
1,068 258 603 438
1,683 3,514
180 1,144
0)0)
Value
$109.20241.5052.70
166.0079.00
142.552,342.71
26.00 41.40 37.20
314.71
42.0091.60
373.80395.25 180.90 153.30
3.366.00 2,735.853.240.00
114.40128.25
54,303.41
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Farm, garden, and dairy:Cattle.............................. head.Hay................................... tons.Hogs............. ....................head.Wheat..........................bushels.Miscellaneous dairy..................Miscellaneous farm...................
Harness..................................... sets.Highway markers............................Metal products: Auto license tags.. Textiles and textile products:
Bags...........................................Pillowcases.... ............................Sheets.........................................Towels.......................................
STATE PENITENTIARY
Clay, cement, and stone products: Brick and building tile
thousands.Miscellaneous............................
Clothing:Aprons---------- --------- ------------Coats— ....... ...........................Gloves and mittens____ pairs.Hats and caps...................... .Overalls-------------- --------- -------Pajamas and nightgowns.........Pants.................. —...................Shirts, work...................... ........Shoes, repaired................ pairs.Suits------------- ------------ ...........Underwear.................................
Coal mining.............................tons.Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle............................... head.Corn.............................bushels.Hogs................................. head.Miscellaneous dairy..................Miscellaneous farm...................
Harness_________ *.............. pieces.Repair and shop work.....................Textile and textile products:
Bags............................................Binder twine........... ..................Sheets.........................................Miscellaneous textile products _
Other manufactured products____i Enumeration impracticable.
112600310
2,500
8
6,226.154.220.00 6,061.121.250.00
21,773.709,124.25
138 985.30
14374
1,002.12 1,370. 55
0)0)
30499.06
6,919. 21 1, 290.00
25,478 1,226,273
67 208 262
1,553
1,4920)1,735
i 34 i 25,517
5,274 7,268
228 7,365
14,802 15,850
308 8,605
69,1741
6,00052
0)0) 8340)
266
12,993.78 91,970.48
9.85 62.40
183.40 310.60
15,872.89134.10325.92 19.75
862.81 778.62
3,498.62 85.50
4.336.443.162.44
10,053.873.080.00
895.69140,105.00
56.442.100.00 1,691.84
15,741.19 10,485. 73
550.50 471.3188.14
98 1,447.42
21 263.86410 3,128. 78
(l) 766.90
3,202,938 198,377.173,703
0).0)
541.44 3,301.64
209.81
150 7,211.45643 5,223.12384 7,431. 67
2,500 1, 250.000) 22,272. 76(9 16,043.46
30 1,290.0025,478 12,993. 78
1,226,273 91,970.4857 9.85
208 62.40262 183.40
1,653 310.60
1,590 17,320.310) 134.10
1,735 325.9234 19.75
25,517 862.815,274 778.627,268 3,498.62
228 85.507,365 4,336.44
14,802 3,162.4415,850 10,053.87
308 3,080.008,605 895.69
69,174 140,105.0022 320.30
6,000 2,100.00462 4,820.62
0) 15,741.190) 11,252.63
834 550.500) 471.31
266 88.143,202,938 198,377.17
3,703 541.44(1} 3,301.640) 209.81
0 0O f
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1932, fry Stale, system, and institution— Continued OOSTATE PRISONS— Continued
KANSAS—Continued
Institution, articles produced, and unit
ALL INSTITUTIONS
Clay, cement, and stone products: Brick and building tile
thousands.Miscellaneous.........................—
Clothing:Aprons...................................—Coats..............- ............. - ...........Dresses...................... ................Gloves and mittens........ pairs.Hats and caps..........................Overalls.....................................Pajamas and nightgowns_____Pants........................................ -Shirts, dress......... .....................Shirts, work...............................Shoes, new....................... pairs.Shoes, repaired__________ do..Suits..................... ...... ...............Underwear................... .............Miscellaneous...........................
Coal mining............................ tons.Construction: Alterations and in
stallation....... ........... ....................Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle............................... head.Corn............ - .............. bushels.Hay........................- ......... tons.Hogs______ ____________head.Wheat____ __________bushels.
Aver- age
number of prisoners em
ployed
104.0 1.01.02.22.53.02.5
13.01.5
16.21.0
11.07.0
13.0 29.34.42.2
429.047.06.0
26.029.066.0 10.0
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number
1,4920)1,735
114 492
25,517 5,563 8,336
449 7,623
603 15,240 l ,r “
19,364 516
10,065 0) 9,174
1136,000
500362
2,500
Value
$15,872.89 134.10325.170.241.862.870.
3,872.138.
4,731. 180.
3,315. 3,366.
12,789. 6,486. 1,089.
270. 140,105.
6,282.59 2,100.004.220.00 7,752.961.250.00
Public works and ways
Number
(0
Value
$54,303.41
State account
Number
143484
Value
$1,447.42
1,249.161,003.12 4,499.33
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number Value
1,590 0)1,735
114 492
25,517 5,563 8,336
449 7,623
603 15,240 1 ,'" “ 19,364
516 10,065 0)69,174
0)172
6,000643846
2,500
$17,320.31 134.10325.92 170.95 241.50 862.81 870.22
3,872.42 138.20
4,731.69 180.90
3.315.743.366.00
12,789.726.486.00 1,089.09
270.80140,105.0054,003.417.531.752.100.00 5,223.12
12,252.29 1,250.00
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Miscellaneous dairy_________Miscellaneous farm................. .
............................. pieces........... ................................ sets
Highway markers......................... .Metal products: Auto license tags.Repair and shop work....... ........... .Textiles and textile products:
Bags............................. ............Binder twine..............poundsPillowcases......... .....................Sheets.......................................Towels.......................................Miscellaneous textile products.
Other manufactured products____Total......... - ..........................
29.0235.0
1.05.0
10.0 68.01.01.5
125.0 .8
3.0 2.3
15.61.0
1,326. 0
83425,478
1,226,273 (0
827415
3,965 1,925
(0 (0
37,514.8921,889.81
550.5012,993. 78 91,970.48
471.31123.1103. 724.84347.80
3,616.35209.81
386,946.86 54,303.41
(00)
3,202,938
499.06 7,748.1,290.00
198,377.17
216,114.25
834 30
25,478 1,226,273
0)827
3,202,938 415
3,965 1,925
0)0)
38,013.9529,638.80
550.501,290.00
12,993.7891,970.48
471.31123.99
198,377.17103.80 724.84347.80
3,616.35209.81
657,364.52
KENTUCKY
STATE PENITENTIARY
Brooms, brushes, and mops:Brooms.Clothing:
Aprons____________Children’s play suits.Coats, prison.............Hats and caps...........Pants........................Pants, prison_______Shirts, work________Suits..........................Underwear
Farm, garden, and dairy:Hogs.................................head—Miscellaneous farm............ .....
Furniture and furnishings:Mattresses__________________Pillows_______________ _____ _
Harness............. ....................pieces.Harness..................................... sets.Textiles and textile products:
Pillowcases__________________Sheets______________________Towels......................................Miscellaneous textile products—
Other manufactured products_____
73.0
(2)43.0 1.8.4
2.21.7
559.93.9.3
2.08.2.4
(2)50.010.0
.2 1.4 .5
(*)1.0
437
1,285 4,149
899 3,296 1,013 1,978
(0124
13474
2, 2.839 5,801
0)
$41.162, 252.92
532.82 2,525. 47 2,037.00 2,291.10 4,557.87
371. 771,718. 73 2,748.06
480.1448.84
231.48 1,701.11
630.53 91.41
(0 $2,025.87
207,928
1, 712,482
$61,450.40
526,885.23
74,049
$183,636.60
123,317.73 26,620.00
437 207,928
668 1,285 4,149
899 1,715,778
1,013 1,978
1240)
13474
74,049968
2,5862,8395,801
8t Enumeration impracticable. * Less than one tenth of 1.
$183,636.6041.16
61,450.40 2,252.92
532.82 2,525.47 2,037.00
529,176.334.557.87
371.771,718.73 2,748.06
480.14 48.84
123,317.73 26,620.00
231.48 1,701.11
630.53 91.41
2.025.87
OO
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1982, by State, system, and institution—Continued OJJQO'STATE PRISONS—Continued
KENTUCKY—Continued
Institution, articles produced, and unit
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number Value
Public works and ways
Number Value
State account
Number Value
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number Value
STATE REFORMATORY
Brooms, brushes, and mops: Brooms. Clothing:
Aprons.........................................Children's play suits__________Coats............................ ..............Coats, prison..............................Hats and caps................... - ........Overalls............................... ........Pajamas and nightgowns---------Pants................................. ..........Shirts, dress___________ ______Shirts, work_________________Suits________________________Underwear_____ _____________Uniforms, prison______________Miscellaneous..............................
Farm, garden, and dairy: Miscellaneous farm...................................
Furniture and furnishings: Chairs,wood............................... ................
Metal products: Auto license tags.. Textiles and textile products:
Cotton yard goods, lightpounds..
Pillowcases........................ ..........Sheets------ ------------- ---------------Towels.........................................Miscellaneous textile products—
83.0.1
78.0 (*)1.9
1.12.3
452.09.31.4
755.76.4 .9 .5
(»)4.0
179.08.0
6L0.2.9.8.4
367' ‘ 16
3,4602,9776,755 3,904 3,518 1,463 3,092
128(0 (*)
722,800
1,* 2,062 7,951
0)
862,800 $196,626.50$79.6411.25
2,086.07 1,211.51 2,430.24
230,836 $57,709.00
10,125. 75 1,600.98 1,882.13 7,007.97 1,004.90
562.37 18.84
675.00
586,050 312,071.63 909,012 484,048.89
960,807 345,089.85 1,237,382 444,426.37
48.789.00
6,321.99 255.82 977.39 865.94 514.00
238,800 242,855.62
862,800 $196,626.50367 79.64
230,836 57,709.0016 11.25
595 2,086.073,460 1,211. 512,977 2,430.24
1,495,062 796,120.526,755 10,125. 753,904 1,600.98
2,201,707 791,398.351,463 7,007.973,092 1,004.90
128 562.37(0 18.84
0) 675.00238,800 242,855.62722,800 48,789.00
9,893 6,321.991,938 255.822,062 977.397,951 865.94
0) 514.00
pr
ison
lab
or
iisr u
nIted
st
at
es,
1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Brooms, brushes, and mops: Brooms Clothing:
Aprons.......................... ..............Children’s play suits__________Coats...........................................Hats and caps______ __________Overalls............................. .........Pajamas and nightgowns______Pants...........................................Shirts, dress__________________Shirts, work__________________Suits. _____ __________________Underwear_______ ___________Uniforms, prison_____________Miscellaneous _______ ____ —
Farm, garden, and dairy:Hogs................................. head..Miscellaneous farm_________
Furniture and furnishings:Chairs, wood................... ...........Mattresses___________________Pillows______________ _______
Harness............. ...................pieces..Harness..................................... sets..JMetal products: Auto license tags... Textiles and textile products:
Cotton yard goods, lightpounds..
Pillowcases........................ .........Sheets..........................................Towels.........................................Miscellaneous textile products..
Other manufactured products.........
ALL INSTITUTIONS
Total.........................................2,407.0
156.0.1
121.0 3.7 1.52.3
452.013.21.4
1,315.610.3 1.2.5.1
2.012.2
179.0 .4 .1
50.010.0 8.0
61.0.4
2.31.3 .4
1.0
8041,2794,7452,977
11,8033,9046,8142,4765,070
128(0
(0124
13474
722,800
9,893 4,524 4,901
13,752 (0
120.804.350.24 1,744.332.430.24
14,688.22 1,600.98 4,173.23
11,565.84 1,376.67
562.37 18.84
1,718.733,423.06
480.14 48.84
48,789.00
6,321.99 487.30
2,678.50 1,496.47
605.41
108,681.20(0 $2,025.87
2,025.87
438,764
586,050
2‘ 673,'289
119,159.40
312,071.63
871,975.08
1,303, 206.11
1,691,669 380,263.10
909,012
1,237,382
238,800
74,049
484,048.89
444,426.37
242,855.62
123,317.7326,620.00
1,701,531.71
1,691,669QfU
438,7641,2794,7452,977
1,495,06211,8033,904
3,917,4852,4765,070
1280)
1240)
238,80013474
74,049968
722,800
9,4,524 4,901
13,752 0 0)
380,263.10120.80
119,159.40 4,35a 24 1,744.33 2,430.24
796,120.52 14,688.22 1,600.98
.320,574.68 11,565.84 1,376.67
562. ?718.84
1,718.733,423.06
242,855.62480.1448.84
123,317.7326,620.00 48,789.00
6,321.99 487.30
2,678.50 1,496.47
605.41 2,025.87
3,115,444.89
Enumeration impracticable ;Less than one tenth of 1.
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A .— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1982, &?/ /State, systemy and institution— ContinuedSTATE PRISONS— Continued
LOUISIANA
COo
Institution, articles produced, and unit
STATE PENITENTIARY
Clothing:Pajamas and nightgowns___Pants, prison______________
Construction: Roads, new. _. miles.. Farm, garden, and dairy:
Corn.............................bushels.H ay..................................tons.Sugarcane.--------- -----------do—Miscellaneous farm...................
Highway markers...........................Lumber and timber products:
Boxes............... ..........................Lumber......... ..........board feet..
Metal products: Auto license tags__Sugar................ ................. pounds--Textiles and textile products:
Pillowcases.................................Sheets................. ......................Miscellaneous textile products-
Total.......................................
Average
number of prisoners em- loyed
0.34.5
506.0240.0157.0297.0184.0
9.013.089.019.0
124.0.1.8.3
1,644.0
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number
991 4,172
175,000 400
40,478 0) 9,405
11,451 420,617 629,518 82,600
123744
0)
Public works and ways
Value
$198.20 3,129.00
70,000.00 4,600.00
127,090.92 18,549.26 18,791.213,762.85 9,897.65
37,529. 28
36.90 558.00 176.40
Number
83
Value
$426,757.44
297,012.43.......... 426,757.44
State account ’ Piece price
Number Value
0)420
1,804,8155,424,274
$1,318. 82 43,241. 83
34,026. 0i176,873. 0;
255,460.36
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number Value
991 4,172
83175,000
40040,0) 9,405
11,451 ,225,432 629,518
,506,874123 744
(0
$198.203.129.00
426,757.4470,000.004.600.00
128,409.7461,791.09 18, 791.213, 762.85
43,923.69 37,529.28
179,566.4336.90
558.00 176.40
979,230.23
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
-W—
oUQZ
MAINE
STATE PRISONClothing:
Hats and caps____________ ___Pants, prison___ ____ _______Shirts, work......... .....................Shoes, repaired_________pairs.Uniforms, prison........ ............. .
Farm, garden, and dairy:Cattle................ ..............head..Corn________________ bushels..Hogs........ —..................... head—Milk......................100 pounds..Potatoes.............—........... do___Miscellaneous farm................... .
Furniture and furnishings: Mattresses.................................. ......... .
Harness............. ...................pieces._Harness..................................... sets..Lumber and timber products:
Miscellaneous_____ ____________Repair and shop work____________
STATE REFORMATORY FOR MEN
Clay, cement, and stone products: Brick and building tile
thousands.. Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle............................... head—Com________________ bushels. _Hay______________ _____ tons—Hogs____________ _____ .head—M ilk ........... .........100 pounds..Potatoes............................do..Miscellaneous farm................WOMEN’ S REFORMATORY
Clothing:Aprons______ ______________Dresses____________________Underwear_______ _________Uniforms, prison___________Miscellaneous______________i Enumeration impracticable.
1.01.02.01.08.02.02.03.04.05.08.03.0 .4
1.63.0
15.0
10.02.01.0
1&06.04.05.0
32.0
1.02.02.04.03.0
300600
1,095300
932526
1, 1,028
(0250
3512520013
392
0)
0)
104790453
$60.00105.00240.00 547.50
1,245.00222.26162.48745.04
3.714.54 1,078.352.558.551,000.00
72.00949.6060.00
2,000.00190.35764.88736.00
5,094.59
53.0561.80
272.55428.40284.09
267
155431
(0
$38.03145.00740.00
2,636.66
3,652.89
564.05840.80402.75
300 $60.00300 105.00600 240.00
1,095 547.50300 1,245.00
9 222.26325 162.4826 745.04
1,209 3,714.541,028 1,078.35
0 2,558.55250 1,000.00
9 38.035 145.00
740.00(0 2,636.66
(0
27335
125200168823590
(0
238104790453
3,724.89949.6060.00
2,000.00754.40
1,605.68736.00
5,497.34
53.0561.80
272.55428.40284.09
CD
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A*— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1982, by State, system, and institution— Continued STATE PRISONS—Continued
MAINE—Continued
Oto
Institution, articles produced, and unit
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
Number and value of articles producod under each system
State use
Number Value
Public works and ways State account Piece price Contract Total
Number Value Number Value Number Value Number Value Number Value
97 $34.1234 333.333 99.10
89 67.200) 1,109.99
59 13.40154 111.80
267 $3,652.89 273 3,724.89238 53.05104 61.80300 60.00300 105.00600 240.00
1,095 547.50790 272.55753 1,673.40
284.09(*)44 1,171.86
256.60547234 2,333.33
155 564.05 197 1,598.54431 840.80 2,032
1,7070)
5,320.221,881.55
(0 402.75 9,165.88
WOMEN’S REFORMATORY—COntd.Farm, garden, and dairy:
Corn________________bushels..Hay_______________ -___ tons..Hogs__________________ head..Potatoes....... .........100 pounds..Miscellaneous farm...................
Textiles and textile products:Pillowcases____________ _____Sheets______________________
ALL INSTITUTIONSClay, cement, and stone products:
Brick and building tile thousands. Clothing:
Aprons......................................Dresses.........—..........................Hats and caps............................Pants..................... ....................Shirts, work....... .......................Shoes, repaired...... ..........pairs.Underwear......... ............ .........Uniforms, prison............. ..........Miscellaneous.......................—
Farm, garden, and dairy:Cattle_________________ head.Com___________ ____ bushels.Hay___________ ________tons.Hogs_________ _________head-.Milk...................... 100 pounds.Potatoes............................do—Miscellaneous________________
0.1.6.2.1
2.01.01.0
10.01.02.01.01.02.01.02.0
12.03.04.03.1
15.69.2 8.0
10.142.0
0)
154
238104300300600
1,095790753
(*)44
547 234 42
1,601 1,707
(0
$34.1299.10 67.20
1,109.9913.40
111.80
72.0053.0561.8060.00
105.00240.00 547.50 272.55
1,673.40284.09
1,171.86256.60
2,333.331,034.494,479.421,881.558,763.13
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Furniture and furnishings: Mat*tresses................. ...... .....................
Harness______ ____________pieces..Harness_________ ___________sets..Lumber and timber products: Mis
cellaneous............................ ..........Repair and shop work......................Textiles and textile products:
Pillowcases..................................Sheets_______________________
Total....................................... .
3.0 .41.
1.6|.3.0
15.0|.1.0 1.0| 154
152.0.
1, 000.00
13.40111.80
24,414.97
0)0)
38.03145.00740.00
2,636.66
9,020.18
25095
154
1,000.0038.03
145.00740.00
2,636.6613.40
111. 8033,435.15
MARYLAND
STATE PENAL FARM
Construction:Alterations and installations...New buildings_______________
Farm, garden, and dairy:Cattle............................... head.Corn.............................bushels.Hay____________________tons.Hogs__________ ____ ___ head.Milk_____________100 pounds.Potatoes_________ ______ do—Wheat......... ................bushels.Miscellaneous farm----------------
HOUSE OF CORRECTION
Clothing:Overalls_____________________Pants. _______ __ ____ _______Shirts, work....... ...... ................ .Shoes, repaired................ pairs.Underwear................................. .
Construction:Alterations and installations__New buildings........................... .New, other than buildings and
roads....................................... .Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle............................... head..Corn________________ bushels..Hay................................... tons..Hogs__________________ head..Milk.......................100 pounds..i Enumeration impracticable.
12.048.01.11.02.0.9
6.08.01.06.0
8.01.6
299.0161.0
2.0 1.45.0
11.02.02.03.0
12.05.0
161,500
7029
1,2763,9001,250
0)
$543.12 600.00840.00 442.89
2,236.89 3,192.77
625.00 2,461.11
3,500 2,625.00
2,25011,000
1.125.002.200.00
31,750
20754
1,513
60.01700.00
2,484.00744.82
4,921.55.
(0
0)
(0
$8,904.17 36,403.12
14,113.50 35,381.355,828.00
10
20
$252.46
358.82
70,662746,262
$32,386.75 217,659.75
34,620
517,746
$7,163.79
361,127.83
0)6
$8,904.17 36,403.12
161,500
7029
1,2763,9001,250
0)
543.12600.00840.00 442.89
2,236.89 3,192.77
625.00 2,461.11
34,620 7,163.793,500
588,408746,262
2,25011,000
2.625.00 393,514.58 217,659.75
1.125.002.200.00
0) 614,113.50 35,381.35
(9 5,828.0013
1,75020774
1,513
312.47700.00
2,484.001,103.644,921.55 CO
0 0
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1932, by State, system, and institution—Continued JOSTATE PRISONS—Continued
MARYLAND—Continued
Institution, articles produced, and unit
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number Value
Public works and ways
Number Value
State account
Number Value
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number Value
h o u s e o f c o r r e c t io n — continuedFarm, garden, and dairy— Contd.
Potatoes................. 100 pounds..Wheat.......................... bushels—Miscellaneous farm...............
Metal products: Miscellaneous..STATE PENITENTIARY
Clothing:Aprons................... - ...............Coats, prison..........................Hats and caps........... .............Overalls___________ _____Pants_______ _____________Shirts, work---------------- ------Shoes, new............. .........pairs..Shoes, repaired_________ do___Underwear............................... .
Furniture and furnishings:Chairs, wood.......................... .Davenports, sofas, etc..............Mattresses.................................Pillows_____________________Miscellaneous.......................... .
Metal products:Auto license tags...... ................Castings..................... -pounds.Tags, miscellaneous..................
Printing and binding:Envelopes....... ........................ .Letterheads________ ________ _Miscellaneous......... ...... .........
9.03.0
53.016.0
(*)1.0
p>537.0
.48.01.0.6
18.814.0
.3
.1
.225.97.0 .1
2.0 2.0
19.0
1,753
(0
50 446 295 46
2,209 687
9,387 1,221 2,714
204173
618,700 1,529,300
0)
$1,893.3013,933.17
12.50 1,003.50
29.5034.50
2,761.25412.20
25,012.75713.40542.80
73.53
48,186.65
3,405.704,418.40
41,444.46
1,2410)
$714.03 3,183.55
(0 $15,734.64
1,7531,241
1,504,116 1,049,130.91
6,0482,587
70,146.25 52,386.75
3,000 377.70
0)
315,852
542.50
15,"792." 60
<9 1,804.75
5044629546
1,506,325 687
9,387 1,221 2,7146,0482,587
204173
(0682,632315,852
3,000618,700
1,529,300 0)
$1,893.30 714.03
17,116.72 15,734.64
12.50 1,003.50
29.5034.50
1,051,892.16412.20
25.012.75 713.40 542.80
70,146.2552.386.75
336.6073.53
542.5048,186.65 15,792.60
377.703,405.704,418.40
43,249.21
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Textiles and textile products:Pillowcases......... ..............Sheets_____________ ____
ALL INSTITUTIONSBaskets.................. ...........................Clothing:
Aprons........................................Coats...........................................Hats and caps............................Overalls............................. _.......Pants_______________________Shirts, work_________________Shoes, new_____________pairs..Shoes, repaired_________ do___Underwear........... ......................
Construction:Alterations and installations___New buildings...........................New, other than buildings and
roads........................................Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle............................... head..Corn-------------------------bushels..Hay___________________ tons..Hogs------------------ --------- head..Milk_____________100 pounds..Potatoes________ _______ do___Wheat.......................... bushels..Miscellaneous farm___________
Furniture and furnishings:Chairs, wood............................. .Davenports, sofas, etc________Mattresses___________________Pillows______________________Miscellaneous________________
Metal products:Auto license tags..................... .Castings...................... pounds..Tags, miscellaneous__________ _Miscellaneous_____ __________
1’rinting and binding:Envelopes___________________Letterheads__________________Miscellaneous............................ .
Textiles and textile products:Pillowcases....... ...... ...................Sheets......................................... .
Total.........................................1,341.0
8.0
(*)1.0
(*)1.6
836.0161.4
8.03.02.0
17.059.02.03.14.0
14.0 5.9
29.017.04.0
59.018.814.0
.3
.1
.225.97.0 .1
16.02.0 2.0
19.0.1.4
709877
50446295
3,5462,209
6879,3873,471
13,714
193.250
27783
2,7895,6531.250
(0
204173
618,700 1,529,300
(l)709877
106.35350.80
12.501.003.50
29.502.659.50 2,761.25
412.20 25,012.75 1,838.4C 2,742.80
603. 1,300. 3,324. 1,187. 7,158. 5,086.
625.16,394.
73.53
48,186. 65
3,405. 70 4,418.40
41,444.46106.35 350.80
170,473.52
0)
0)
$23,017. 67 71,784.475,828.00
10
20
1,2410)
100,630.14
1,000
0)
252.46
358.82
714.03 3,183. 55
377. 70
1,804. 75
6,691.31
70,662 746,262
$32,386. 75 217,659.75
250,046.50
34,620
2,021,862
6,0482,587
0)
315,852
"o f
7,163.79
410,258.74
70,146.25 52,386.75
542.50
15,792.60 "l5,~734.'64
1,572,025.27
709877
34,62050
446 295
3,546 2,094,733
746,949 9,387 3,471
13,714
0)
0)29
3,250 277 103
2,789 5,653 2,491
0)6,0482,587
204173
0)682,632 315,852
3,000 0)
618,700 1,529,300
0)709877
106.35 35a 80
7.163.79
12.501,003.5a
29.5a2,659.5a
1,445,406.74218,071.9525.012.751.838.402.742.80
23,017.6771,784.475.828.00
855.591.300.003.324.00 1,546.53 7,158.44 5,086.07 1,339.03
19,577.8370,146.2552.386.75
336.60 73.53
542.5048,186.65 15,792.60
377.70 15,734.643,405.704.418.40
43,249.21106.35350.80
2,099,866.74
i Enumeration impracticable. * Less than one tenth of 1. CD'O l:
State and
fed
er
al
pr
ison
s
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
STATE PRISONS— ContinuedMASSACHUSETTS
T a b l e A ,— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1932, by Staley system, an d institution— C on tin u ed CD05
Institution, articles produced, and unit
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
STATE PRISON
Brooms, brushes and mops: Brushes. Clay, cement, and stone products:
Concrete posts________________Miscellaneous_______ _____ ___
Clothing:Aprons........................................Coats.......—.................................Coats, prison...............................Gloves and mittens.........pairs —Hats and caps........................ .Overalls......... —_____ ______Overcoats....................... .........Pants...................................... .Pants, prison..........................Shoes, new....................... pairs—Underwear.......... ................ .Miscellaneous....................... ......Miscellaneous labor only______
Furniture and furnishings:Beds.............................................Mattresses...................................Pillows______________________
Highway markers..............................Metal products:
Aluminum ware---------------------Auto license tags.........................Castings.................. —.pounds. _Galvanized ware---------------------
28.034.0 1.01.0
26.03.01.0 1.0
10.04.0
18.06.0
162.069.04.01.0
12.0 16.04.0
17.02.0
64.078.034.0
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number Value
24,97023,064 (0
467 8,036 1,161
231 1,122 8,521
869 11,280 2,866
38,631 143 568 0)
2,3253,3493,7082,786
13,167 1,956,782 3,683,886
18,215
$41,162.8330,068.47
899. 72280.20
39,051.314.644.00
324.63 841.50
14.911.756.633.00
27.236.75 7,881.05
94,482.36 62,284.79 5,641.90
20,343.75 30,037.80 9,270.00
60,466.689,425.15
153,482.56 86,592.13 18,215.00
Public works and ways
Number Value
State account
Number
1,314
63,657
0)
165
22,405186
Value
$2,113.86
65,650.60
302.89
1,080.80
672.15 369.47
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number
26,28423,064 0)
467 8,036 1,161
231 1,122 8,521
869 11,280 2,866
102,288 143,568 0)0)2,3253,5143,7082,786
13,167 ,956,782 !, 606,291
18,400
Value
$43,276.6930.068.47
899.72280.20
39,051.314.644.00
324.63 841. 50
14,911. 756.633.00
27,236. 757,881.05
160,132. 96 62,284.79 5,641.90
302.8920,343.75 31,118.609.270.00
60,466.689,425.15
153,482.5687,264.2818.584.47
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Printing and binding: Miscellaneous Textiles and textile products:
Cotton yard goods, lightpounds..
Miscellaneous textile products..MASSACHUSETTS REFORMATORY
Clothing:Shoes, new______ ______ pairs..Shoes, repaired................. do___
Farm, garden, and dairy:Corn_____ i__________bushels..Hay_____________ ______ tons..Hogs__________ ________ head..Milk____ ________ 100 pounds..Potatoes............................do___Miscellaneous farm................... .
Furniture and furnishings:Bureaus, chiffoniers, dressers,
etc.............................................Chairs, wood..............................Davenports, sofas, etc...... ........Desks......... ............. ..................Tables........................................Miscellaneous............................
Printing and binding* Miscellaneous printing....................................
Repair and shop work____________Textiles and textile products*
Blankets....................................Cotton yard goods, light
pounds..Wool yard goods.............. do___Yarn, cotton and w ool...do__Miscellaneous textiles________
PRISON CAMP
Farm, garden, and dairy:Cattle______ ___________head..Hay______________ _____ tons..Hogs----------------------------hea<~M ilk .....................100 pounds..Miscellaneous farm.................Miscellaneous livestock______i Enumeration impracticable.
29.0
14.03.0
4.02.0
12.017.012.0 12.0 11.0 38.0
32.013.0 8.0
36.034.0
11.03.0
115.020.0
180.0 35.01.0
1.06.03.04.0
25.02.0
(9
2.500<9
1,6544.5003,292
18385
4,107
k m
69519,459
4011,2834,261<9
837,21940,169 71,742 69,563 (9
20.236.78L ____ <9
189,302(9
6.95
44,643.591,936.75
581.872.443.16
4.784.002.298.002.139.853.706.163.167.85
15,482.742,415.068,762.20
13,995.76 70,104.78 8,198.25
38,136.45 40,230.84 12,769.473.077.00
153.1873,815.0515,575.65
105,150.48 27,701.35
209.31
624 1,317.61
(9 162.55
28 2,511.00373
7748
(9
6,537.00 170.00
2,820.90 12,231.77
2312,394
8
1,183.63 6,358.77
10,205.55 995.00
(9
191,802 (0
1,6544,5003,292
18385
4,1071,365
(9
19,459401
1,2834,885(9(9(9
37,21940,16971,74269,563(9
28373238
3,142
8
20,243.73
45,225.464,379.91
4.784.002.298.002.139.85 3,706.163.167.85
15,482.742,415.068,762.20
13,995.75 70,104.78 8,198.25
38.136.4541.548.45 12,769.47
315.733,077.00
73,815.0515,575.65
105,150.48 27,701.35
209.31
2.511.006.537.00 1,353.63 9,179.67
22,437.32995.00
CO
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1932, by Stale, system, and institution—ContinuedSTATE PRISONS—Continued
MASSACHUSETTS—Continued
CO00
Institution, articles produced, and unit
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number Value
Public works and ways
Number Value
State account
Number Value
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number Value
STATE FARMClothing:
Aprons.......................................Coats__________ _____________Handkerchiefs...........................Hats and caps.......................... .Pajamas and nightgowns......... .Pants......................................... .Shirts, work_________________ _Shoes, new....................... pairs.Shoes, repaired................. do___Miscellaneous............................
^Farm, garden, and dairy:Cattle............................... head.Hay.................................. tons..Hogs.................................head.Milk.......................100 pounds..Potatoes............................do—Miscellaneous farm..................
Furniture and furnishings: Mattresses........................................... .
•Soap and soap powder........pounds..'Textile and textile products:
Pillowcases. _______________Sheets...........- ............................ .Towels.................. - ...................Miscellaneous textile products..
1.015.0 1.03.02.0
15.05.09.06.0 8.02.07.02.0
18.05.0
61.06.0 1.02.02.04.0L0
1,044 2,568 1,128 3,006
408 4,190 4,404 5,848 5,200
0)21
937 297
10,324 9,659
(0
2,0644,728 3,972
21,708 0)
$783.00 10,272.00
23.50 601.20 469.20
11,522.503.853.50
13,157.803,120.001.855.501,605.74
17,945.5313,022.2538,920.7316,903.9540,855.76
891.2519.55
1,118.96 — 3,011.40 — 3,346.65 —
58.40 —
$32.00
0) 26.40
1,044 2,568 1,128 3,006
408 4,190 4,404 5,848 5,200
(021
937 303
10,324 9,659
0)
2,0644,728 3,972
21,708 0)
$783.00 10,272.00
23.50 601.20 469.20
11.522.503.853.50
13,157.80 3,120.00 1,855. 501,605. 74
17,945.53 13,054.25 38,920.73 16,903.95 40,882.16
891.2519.55
1,118.96 3,011.40 3,346.65
58.40
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
STATE PRISON COLONY
Clay, cement, and stone products: Brick and building tile
thousands.Concrete, blocks________ do—Stone, building_________ tons.
Clothing:Overcoats_________ __________Pants.........................................Shoes, repaired ................pairs.Suits...........................................
Construction: New buildings_____Furniture and furnishings:
Tables........................... .............Miscellaneous. _ ............ ...........
WOMEN'S REFORMATORY
Clothing:Aprons—___________- ________Hosiery.............................pairs..Pajamas and nightgowns.........Shirts, work................................Miscellaneous............................ .
Farm, garden, and dairy: Miscellaneous farm.................................. .
Textiles and textile products:Pillowcases______________Sheets................... ...............Spreads................................Towels............................. .
Other manufactured products.ALL INSTITUTIONS
Brooms, brushes, and mops:Brushes.........................................
Clay, cement, and stone products: Brick and building tile
thousandsConcrete, blocks.............. do___Concrete, posts........................ .Stone, building_________ tons.Miscellaneous_______________
Clothing:Aprons__________ __________C oats.................. .....................Gloves and mittens_____pairs..Handkerchiefs_____________
L0 42 425.0010.0 114 17,000.001.0 39 3,000.001.0 45 675.002.0 424 1,272.001.0 1,082 1,352.003.0
188.083 1,245.00
1.0 39 150.002.0 0) 450.00
2.021.06.07.0
11.024.015.02.04.01.0 2.0 9.0
28.0
1.010.034.0 1.0 1.04.0
43.01.0 1.0
1,031187,93515,84819,385<*>0)5,134
35,390 33,287 9,712
64,208 0)
24,970
42114
23,064
0)2,542
11,765 231
1,128
23,087.41
41,162.83
53,967.31
3 $194,129.00
1521923
(00)
120134267
29.52 17.4123.0010.0042.00
384.48 35.95
254. 7680 26.67
1,314 2,113.86
42114
45424
1,082
(0
1,031188,08715,86719,408(00)5,254
35,524 33,554 9,712
64,288 0)
425.00 17,000.003,000.00
675.001.272.001.352.001.245.00
194,129.00150.00 45a 00
855.0026.130.50 23,415.9124.283.0018.110.4423,129.4121,043.3111,048.3942.198.5112.140.00 16,098.6720.115.45
26,284 43,276.69
42 425.00114 17,000.00
23,064 30,068.4739 3,000.00
0) 899.722,542 1,918.20
11,765 53,967.31231 324.63
1,128 23.501 Enumeration impracticable. CD
CO
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1982, by State, system, and institution—ContinuedSTATE PRISONS—Continued
MASSACHUSETTS—Continued
O O
Institution, articles produced, and unit
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number Value
Public works and ways
Number Value
State account
Number Value
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number Value
ALL INSTITUTIONS—-continuedClothing—Continued
Hats and caps_______________ _Hosiery________________pairs.Overalls__________ ___________Overcoats.._________________Pajamas and nightgowns_____Pants.-_____________________Shirts, work............ .................. .Shoes, new________ ____ pairs.Shoes, repaired_________ do___Suits. ________ ___________;___Underwear__________________Miscellaneous............................Miscellaneous, labor only........ .
Construction: New buildings_____Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle_________________ head..Corn________________ bushels..Hay___________________ tons.Hogs.................. ...............head..Milk____________ 100 pounds.Potatoes............................do___Miscellaneous farm___________Miscellaneous livestock_______
Furniture and furnishings:Beds........................................... .Bureaus, chiffoniers, dressers,
etc........................................... .Chairs, wood.............................Davenports, sofas, etc________Desks......................................... .
4.0 21.0 10.05.08.0
40.012.0
175.09.03.0
69.023.01.0
188.03.0
12.030.017.034.016.0
148.02.0
12.032.013.0 8.0
36.0
4,187,
8,16,18,23,46,10,
143,5 (0
$1,442.70 26,100.98 14,911.757.308.00
23,867.70 47,912.30 28,113.50
112,424.166.770.001.245.00
62,284.79 25,597.84
21 3,292 1,493
389 15,179 11,024 (0
1,605.74 2,139.85
28,188.69 16,360.10 57,224.37 19,319.01 84,937.14
2,325
19,459401
1.283
20.343.7513.995.75 70,104.788,198.25
38.136.45
152 $29.52
19 17.4123
63,65723.00
65,650.60
$194,129.0010.00
302.89
28 2,511.00
2372,394
1,215.6,358.77
10,273.95995.00
4,128 188,087
8,521 914
16,275 18,760 23,812
109,790 10,782
83143,568
8
49 3,292 1,493
626 17,573 11,024
82,325
19,459401
1,283
$1,442.7026.130.5014.911.757.308.00
23,885.11 47,912.3028.136.50
178,074.766* 770.001.245.00
62,284.79 25,607.84
302.89194,129.00
4,116.74 2,139.85
28,188.69 17,575.73 63,583.14 19,319.01 95,211.09
995.0020.343.7513.995.76 70,104.788,198.25
38,136.45
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Mattresses................................. .Pillows.— ......... ..................... .Tables........................................ .Miscellaneous________ _____ _
Highway markers.........................Metal products:
Aluminum ware_________. . . . . .Auto license tags______ ____ ...Castings____ ________ pounds..Galvanized ware. ..................... .
Printing and binding: Miscellaneous printing.................................. .
Repair and shop work......................Soap and soap powder----- pounds..Textiles and textile products:
Blankets................ ................Cotton yard goods, light
pounds. .Flags............................................Pillowcases___________________Sheets_________ _____________Spreads-___—______ __________Towels........... ............................Wool yard goods_____ pounds—Yarn, cotton and wool__ do___Miscellaneous textiles.................Miscellaneous textile products.^
Other manufactured products_____Total.................................... .
21.04.0
35.027.017.02.0
54.078.034.040.03.01.0
115.034.015.04.06.0 1.0 6.0
180.035.0 1.04.09.0
4,0393,7084,300
^2,78613,167
1,956,7823,583,886
18,215
2,06437,21942,669 5,134
40,118 37,259 9,712
85.916 71, 742 69, f ‘
l1,781.0________
30.929.059.270.00
40,380.84 13,219.47 60,466.689.425.15
153,482.5686,592.1318.215.0023,313.78
153.18 19.55
73.815.0516,157.52 20,658.83 12,131.4044.955.1512.140.00 19,418. 65
105,150.48 27,701.35
209.31 2,501.56
20,115.451,667,744.40 194,129.00
165624
22,405185
189,30212013426780
0)
1,080.801,317.61
672.15 369.47
6.95162.55
44,643. 384.48 35.95
254.7626.67
1,936.75
140,393.36
4,2043,7084,924
0)2,786
13,1671,956,7823,606,291
18,400
2,06437,219
231,971 5,254
40,252 37,526 9,712
85,996 71,742 69,563 (08
32,00C. 859.270.00
41.698.4513.219.47 60,466.689,425.15
153,482.56 87,264.2818.584.4723,320.73
315.7319.55
73,815.0560,801.1121.043.3112.167.35 45,209.9112.140.0019.445.32
105,150.4827.701.35
209.314,438.31
20.115.452,002,266.76
MICHIGAN
STATE PRISON
Brooms, brushes, and mops:Brooms---------------------------------Brushes.......................................
Clay, cement, and stone products: Lime and agricultural lime
stone...............................tons..Miscellaneous________________
Clothing:Aprons______________________Coats, prison................ ..............Gloves and mittens_____pairs..Handkerchiefs________________Hats and caps_______________Hosiery________________pairs.t Enumeration impracticable.
9.0 6,469 $3,33a 5433.0 9,725 3,801.23
4.0 348 869.6917.0 0) 31.00
.2 1,419 376.234.0 2,393 5,546.32.1 146 32.01.4 38,264 1,227.51.6 5,206 1,779.72
10.0 98,808 11,527.40
275152,525
58O')
$253.90 13,525.99
151.6227,182.92
6,744 $3,584.44162,250 17,327.22
406 1,021.310) 27,213.921,419 376.232,393 5,546.32
146 32.0138,264 1,227.515,206 1,779.72
98,808 11,527.40
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1982, by State, system, and institution—Continued
STATE PRISON S—ContinuedMICHIGAN—Continued
Institution, articles pioduced, and unit
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number Value
Public works and ways
Number Value
State account
Number Value
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number Value
s t a t e p e i s o n — continuedClothing—Continued
Overalls......................................Overcoats!............................ . . .Pajamas and nightgowns_____Pants, prison.............................Shirts, work....... ......................Underwear_____ ____ ________Miscellaneous............................
Construction:Alterations and installations—.New buildings...........................
Farm, garden, and dairy:Cattle.......................... ...head.Corn................. - ......... bushels .Hay....... ..........................tons.Hogs............................ --_head.Potatoes............... -100 pounds .Wheat..........................bushels.Miscellaneous dairy..................Miscellaneous farm...................
Furniture and furnishings:Benches......................................Mattresses..................................Tables..................................... .Miscellaneous............................
Highway markers............................Land development: Reforestation.. Lumber and timber products: Mis
cellaneous......................................
0.9.4.2
8.53.5
22.2
16.5456.5
1.02.08.0
20.040.05.0
55.0196.5
2.0 2.0.1
19.0 16.823.02.0
3,416235 494
10,285 13,170 37,335 (9
$2,829.78 1,240.00
309.37 16,109. 76 8,157. "
16,727.29 424.71
24 $15.00
(9 $12,508.00347,492.00
2791,309
70622,4032,408
8200
1,029
2,544.76 117.34
13,541.89 17,533.75 20,673.00 1,444.80
63,052.02 149,314.75
2,000.002,926.30
45 145.14
(9 22,210.89
(9 5,408
12,638.358,575.78
(9 10,000.00<9 37,428
18.75 60.00
1,108.00 18,464. 31
<9 1,415.50 (9 15.00
3,416235 494
lty 285 13,170 37,359 (9<9
2791,354
70622,4032,408
(9 (9200
1,0359
<9.42,836(9(9
$2,829.78 1,240.00
309.37 16,109.76 8,157.59
16,742.29 424.71
12.508.00 347,492.00
2,544.76 117.34
13,687.03 17,533.7520.673.00 1,444.80
63,052.02171,525.64
2,000.00 2,945.05
60.00 13,746.35 27,040.09 10,000.001,430. 5
0
PRISON LABOR
IN tTNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Metal products:Aluminum ware-.......................Auto license tags_____________Electric switch boxes_________Tags, miscellaneous________ ...Miscellaneous_______ ________
Printing and binding:Books, blank and bound.......... .Envelopes............................. —Letterheads..................... ...........Miscellaneous............................ .
Textile and textile products:Binder twine.................pounds.Blankets........... ........................ .Cotton yard goods:
Light..................... pounds..Heavy........................ do—
Duck and canvas.............do—Pillowcases_____________ ____ _Sheets............................. ............Towels.........................................Yarn, cotton and wool
pounds..Miscellaneous textile products..
Toys............................................. .....Other manufactured products_____Miscellaneous, labor only.................
STATE HOUSE OF CORRECTION AND BRANCH PRISON
Baskets---------------------------------------Clothing:
Aprons______________________Coats________________________Coats, prison________________Hats and caps________________Overalls___ ____ _____________Overcoats................................... .Pajamas and nightgowns_____Pants.......................................... .Pants, prison.____ ___________Shirts, work____ _____________Suits............................................Miscellaneous______ _________
Farm, garden, and dairy:Cattle......... ............. ........head..Hay...................... .............tons..Hogs-------------- ------------- head..Potatoes....... ......... 100 pounds..Miscellaneous, dairy._________Miscellaneous, farm._________
2 0 12,315 9,160.94 224,624.6748 7 3,035,516
134 0 1,113,010 25,844
48,983.57 1,509.352 3 291,777
(916,671
3,646.123,917.111,372.40 1,051.35
5 8 (9 2,636.522 91 2 522,750
6 861,450 511.5129 0 (l) 27,311.24
304 0 1,000 63.00 12,124,6903
763,855.479.205 0 10,142 32,454.20
72 0 155,38380,222
73,127.68 149 72.9136,0 42,142.56 42,479 8,235.414,0 16,762 3,352.40.3 6,706 997.86
2.0 8,864 5,745.731.3 27,476 3,233.64
137.8 345,795 53,618.25 8,653 1,655.35.1 (0 469.73 ri 144.88
145.0 45,332 70,515.21 17,955.0931.4 (0 25.50 0)
1.0 <9 1,291.25
<*>.4
5 19.101,146 405.70
(*) 8 8.00 3 17.101.0 120 480.00.3 697 240.20 6 23.10
235.7 18,097 14,643.82 276,227 149,773.152.0 212 954.00
(’) 42 42.00.5 665 551.95
4.6 2,768 4,529.403.0 2,952 1,503.25.5 120 250.00 1 11.25
1.4 (9 317.70 (9 566.953.1 26 512.214.0 75 750.002.0 305 2,705.85
10.7 1,755<9
1,641.2512.0 11,696,61
5,736.8016.3 (9
12,315 3,035,516 1,113,010
317,621 (016,671
522,750 861,450 (9
12,125,690 10,145
155,532 122,701 16,762 6,706 8,864
27,476354,448(945,332
9,160.94 224,624.67 48,983,57 5,155.476.553.631.372.40 1,051.35
511.51 27,311.24
763,918.4732,463.4073.200.59 50,377.973.352.40
997.865,745.733.233.64
55.273.60 614.61
70,515.2117,980.591,291.25
5 19.10405.70
11 25.10120 480.00703 263.30
294,324 164,4*6.97212 954.0042 42.00
665 551.952,768 4,529.402,952 1,503.25
121 261.25(9 884.65
26 512.2175 750.00
305 2,705.851,755 1,641.25
P 11,696.619 5,736.80
i Enumeration impracticable. * Less than one tenth of 1. OCO
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1932, by State, system, and institution—Continued gSTATE PRISONS—Continued
MICHIGAN—Continue d
Institution, articles produced, and unit
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number Value
Public works and ways
Number Value
State account
Number Value
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number Value
STATE HOUSE OF CORRECTION ANDbranch prison—continued
Furniture and furnishings:Benches................... ..................Bureaus, chiffoniers,
etc_____ _____________Chairs, wood___________Desks___ ____ __________Pillows_________________Tables............................Miscellaneous....................
Lumber and timber products:Boxes................................. .........Lumber___________board feet—Mill work...........................Miscellaneous..................
Textiles and textile products:Bags..................................Blankets_______________Pillowcases_____________Sheets............................... .Towels.............................Miscellaneous textile products..
Other manufactured products_____Miscellaneous, labor only_______
DETROIT HOUSE OF CORRECTIONBakery products, commercial
pounds..Clothing:
Aprons.....................6.0.4
197
0)16,22459,648
5(*)
558
1,1,5358,175
8
158,378576
$10.85
.60157.6096.37
2,432.54 1,591.83
23.50 7,654.93
16.50 25.00
366.601.535.001.430.00
155.5016,998.13
7,918.90210.60
$22.7513.254.
16.7520
0)458,996
1,598,672 15
(*)
50.453,789.25
49,938.3238,257.19
79.748,684.28
.65
1.003.55 809.75
1.325.56
13 $33.6025
9219720
- (0
13.255.40
16.75157.6050.45
3,885.62475,220
1,658,32020
- 0)
52,370.86 39,849.02
103.24 16,339.21
568
1,222 1,535 8,175
§
17.1525.00
366.601.535.001.430.00 1,159.05
17,807.88 1,325.56
158,378 7,918.90576 210.60
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Coats..
Gloves and mittens_____pairs..Handkerchiefs......... ........Hats and caps.................Overalls____ ____ ______Pajamas and nightgowns.Pants_____ ____________Shirts, work___________Shoes, repaired_________pairs—Underwear...Miscellaneous.
Construction:Alterations and installations___New buildings................. ...........New, other than buildings and
roads........................................Farm, garden and dairy:
Cattle....................... ........head..Com________________ bushels..Hay____________________tons—Hogs____________ ____ ..head..Milk.......................100 pounds..Miscellaneous dairy___________Miscellaneous farm______•_____
Furniture and furnishings:Chairs, wood_________________Mattresses___________________Tables..........................................
Land development: Land improve*ment.............................................. .
Laundry, commercial........pounds..Lumber and timber products:
Boxes_______ ___________Miscellaneous____ ______
Printing and binding:Envelopes______________Letterheads_____________Miscellaneous___________
Repair and shop work......... .Textiles and textile products:
Bi
Sheets____Spreads-----Towels.Miscellaneous textile products. _Toys............................................
Other manufactured products_____
12506
1,863960
1,760100130
1,8231,8173,4002,465
(9
24.00639.00 201.3048.00
459.40150.00117.00
2,195.501.436.75 2,550.001.880.75
249.00
(92
(9
$3,500.0012,500.003,875.00
___ _______________
34800300220
1,715
8485838
1.324.00 120.00
2.400.003.300.00 3,345.60
19,200.44 82,413.05
431.00 2» 514.00
26 780.00
3 32.00
22,593 17,622.542,540 8,111.00
<9 50,500.00148,976
500<960,00055,000
889
484346203
5,524(9
7,826.74110.00,
1,536.00180.00137.50
2,510.3575.0022.25
121.20342.00203.00 903.60
1,526.80
5,707 816.91
(96
1,215.6627.00
<9 M 00.00
12506
1,960
1,760100130
1,8231,8173,4002,465
<9 <9
(960
800300223
1,715
823,078
8382,540
<9 154,683
500(960,00055,000
8484 346 203
5,524
(,) < (9
24.00639.00 201.3048.00
459.40150.00117.00
2,195.501.436.752.550.001.880.75
249.003.500.00
12.500.003.875.002.104.00
120.002.400.003.332.00 3,345.60
19,200.4482,413.0518,053.542.514.008.111.00
50.500.00 8,643.65
110.001,536.00
180.00137.50
2.510.3575.0022.25
121.20342.00203.00 903.60
2,741.8027.00
<,400.00i Enumeration impracticable. * Less than one tenth of 1.
OCJt
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A*— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in Stale and Federal prisons, 1982, by State, system, and institution—ContinuedSTATE PRISONS—Continued
MI CHIG AN—Continued
Institution, articles produced, and unit
STATE REFORMATORY
Baskets_______________________Clothing:
Coats, prison______________Pants, prison_________________Shirts, work........................ .......
Construction: New buildings--------Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle_____ ______ _____ head.Com________________ bushels.Hay__________ _________tons.Hogs--------------- --------- -.head.Potatoes................. 100 pounds.Wheat..........................bushels _Miscellaneous dairy__________Miscellaneous farm----------------
Furniture and furnishings:Benches....... .............................Bureaus, chiffoniers, dressers,
etc.......................................—Chairs, wood................... ..........Davenports, sofas, etc________Desks_____ _________________Tables............... ........................Miscellaneous............................
Lumber and timber products: Miscellaneous.......................................
ALL INSTITUTIONS
Bakery products, commercialpounds..
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
2.58.07.0
865.5 200.0
1.05.0 2.74.08.0 1.0
30.434.3
2.888.06.87.0
39.014.4
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number
2,8083,077
15,558
500273193
3,753775
1235,094
357171620
0)0)
6.0 158,378 7,918.90
Value
$11.009,828.00 7,692.50 7,678.65
2,051.54 200.00
2,730.003.360.953.127.50
395.2523,127.317.866.96
25.502,605.84
20,471.447,337.155.680.50
12,544.777,748.60
654.05
Public works and ways
Number Value
$140,000.003,215,458
State account
Number
1,248
2149,895
52 7,166(*5
Value
$2,626.60
989,133.24
216.00 86,648. 561,149.00
35,539.18 8,473.10
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number Value
158,378
1,254 $2,637.602,8083,077
3,231.0161
9,828.007,692.50
996,811.89140,000.00
38500273193
3,753775
8
2,051.54 200.00
2,730.003.360.95 3,127.50
395.2523,127.317.866.96
1 25.50144
54,989357223
7,7860)
2,821.84 107,120.00
7,337.15 6,829.50
48,083.95 16,221.70
(0 654.05
7,918.90
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
2574°-
B&skots _____Brooms, brushes, and mops:
Brooms..................................—Brushes...................................—
Clay, cement, and stone products: Lime and agricultural lime
stone_________________tons..Miscellaneous____________ —
Clothing:Aprons_________ ____________Coats.Gloves and mittens___________Handkerchiefs............................Hats and caps......... .................Hosiery................. ........... pairs..Overalls___________________ _Overcoats................................ .Pajamas and nightgowns--------Pants........................................ .Shirts, work............ ................. .Shoes, repaired................ pairs..Suits________________________Underwear____ ______________Miscellaneous________________
Construction:Alterations and installations__New buildings.......................... .New, other than buildings and
roads......... ........................... -Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle............................... head_.Corn............................. bushels..Hay_____________ ______ tons..Hogs.......... .......................head..Milk_____________100 pounds..Potatoes........................ ..d o___Wheat.......................... bushels..Miscellaneous dairy..................Miscellaneous farm___________
Furniture and furnishings:Benches.......................................Bureaus, chiffoniers, etc_______Chairs, wood..................... .........Davenports, sofas, etc_________Mattresses__________________Pillows_____________________Tables______ ______________Miscellaneous______________1 Enumeration impracticable.
2.59.0
33.0
4.017.01.0
13.1 2.0.5.5
1.610.0
236.92.4.5
25.1 875.0
4.9.5
25.9
21.5 669.5
4.07.38.0
22.7 30.15.0
58.76.0
121.1 433.2
2.12.8
168.06.87.04.0 .3
77.837.6
11 30.106*469 3,330.549,725 3,801.23
348 869.690) 31.003,141 992.535,341 15,886.32
506 639.002,009 233.31
39,224 1,275.517,663 2,479.32
98,808 11,527.4021,613 17,623.60
447 2,194.00666 468.37
17,953 30,527.1633,497 18,776.243,400 2,550.00
120 250.0039,800 18,608.04(9 991.41
1861.579 1,957 1,424 1,715
27,911 3,183
8206123
5.580 357 171
1,867197620
<*)
6.432.5 437. r
19,421.1 26,900. £3.345.6
25,441.71,840.0
117,076. r 245,331. £
1,248275
152,525
58(0
2,626.60253.90
13,525.99
151.62 27,182.92
3 17.10
6 23.10______
276,227 149,773.15_____
6653,215,458
551.95 989,133. 24
______1
24(0
11.2515.00
566.95
___
0)10<9
16,008.00 499,992.00
3,875.0026 780.00453
145.14 32.00
0)8
2372,492
22,210.8922.75
229.25 104,275.90
546
1,165.75 18.75
9,735(9
43,760.6313,370.35__________ _________
6,744162,250
1,259
406(03,141 5,344
506 2,009
39,224 7,669
98,808 297,840
447 666
18,618 3,248,955
3,400 121
39,824 (0(9
(0212
1,579 2,002 1,427 1,715
27,911 3,183
0)0)
214 146
78,072 357 225
1,873 197
10,355 (0
3,584.4417,327.22
2,656.70
1,021.3127,213.92
992.5315,903.42
639.00233.31
1.275.51 2,502.42
11.527.40 167,396.75
2.194.00 468.37
31,079.11,007,909.48
2.550.00 261.25
18,623.041,558.36
16,008.00499,992.00
3.875.007.212.51
437.3419,567.03 26,932.55 3,345.60
25,441.751.840.05
117,076.38 267,542.45
2,059.10 2,835.09
125,178.94 7,337.15 6,846.255.459.05
157.6056.305.40 33,853.67
O
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1982, by State, system, and institution—Continued gSTATE PRISONS—Continued 00
MICHIGAN—Continued
Institution, articles produced, and unit
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number Value
Public works and ways
Number Value
State account
Number Value
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number VaJue
ALL INSTITUTIONS—continuedHighway markers_______________Land development:
Land improvement__________Reforestation............................
Laundry, commercial........pounds.Lumber and timber products:
Boxes........................................ .Lumber........... ........board feet.Millwork.................................. .Miscellaneous_______________
Metal products:Aluminum ware_____________Auto license tags____________Electric switch boxes________Tags, miscellaneous_________Miscellaneous_______________
Printing and binding:Books, blank and bound_____Envelopes__________________Letterheads_________________Miscellaneous_______________
Repair and shop work............ .......Textiles and textile products:
Bags..........................................Binder twine________pounds.Blankets____________________Cotton yard goods:
Light____________pounds.Heavy...............—___ do__.
Duck and canvas-----------do__Pillowcases_________________
16.821.023.018.043.2 26.4
.122.22.0
48.7134.0
2.35.82.9 1.6 1.1
35.1.1.1
304.05.0
72.036.04.0 .9
5,408
148,97616,72459,648
50)12,315
3,035,516291,777 (016,671
582,760 916,460
1441,000
10,150155,38380,22216,7628,412
$8,575.78 37,428 $18,464.31
7,826.742,542.541,591.83
23.6011,260.489,160.94
224,624.67
$50,500.0010,000.00
5,707458,996
1,598,672 15
0)
816.9149,938.32 38,257.19
79.74 8,699.28
3,646.123,917.111.372.40 1,231.35
649.0129,821.59
75.0038.7563.00
32,479.2073,127.68 42,142.563.352.40 1,485.66
1,113,010 25,844 (0
48,983.57 1,609.35 2,636.52
42,836
0)(0 154,683
475,7201,658,320
200)12,315
3,035,516 1,113,010
317,621 <l)16,671
582,760 916,450
12,124,6903
14942,479
.65763,855.47
9.2072.91
8,235.41
145 12,125,690
10,153155,532122,70116,7628,412
$27,04a 0950,600.00 10,000.008.643.65
52,480.8639,849.02
103.2419,959.769,160.94
224,624.67 48,983.57 5,155.47 6,553.631.372.40 1,231.3649.01
29,821.5975.0039.40
763,918.4732,488.4073,200.50 50,377.973.352.401.485.66
PRISON LABOR
IN XJNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Sheets_______________________Towels............................I___ I.Yarn, cotton and wool.pounds. Miscellaneous textile products. _
Toys...........................................Other manufactured products. Miscellaneous labor only_____
Total_________________
3.01 10,745 7,622.73203 203.00i 6 41,175 5,567.24
137.8 345,795 53,618.2538.7 0) % 152.03
145.136.55.6 (0 23,423.63
4,164.0 1,216,015.36
8,653 0)4r
375.00_______ 2,407,345.65
1,655.35 2,363.43
70,542.21 18,764.84 2,616.81
10,745 7,622.73203 203.00
41,175 5,567.24354,448 55,273.600) 4,515.4645,338 70,542.21?> 42,188.470) 2,616.81
4,203,736.01
MINNESOTA
STATE PRISON
Agricultural implements__________Agricultural implements, parts.......Clothing:
Aprons______________________Coats_________ ______________Hats and caps________________Overalls_____________________Pants________________________Shirts, work__________________Underwear____ ______________Miscellaneous................ .............
Farm, garden, and dairy:Cattle............................... head..Corn............................. bushels..Hay-------------------- --------- tons..Hogs------------------ --------- head..Milk_____________100 pounds..Potatoes............................ do___Wheat______________ bushels..Miscellaneous dairy........ ...........Miscellaneous farm___________
Printing and binding:Books, blank and bound______Letterheads.................. ..............Miscellaneous.............................
Textiles and textile products:Binder twine............... pounds..Pillowcases..................................Rope, twine (not binder), and
cordage.....................................Sheets____ ___________________Towels........................ ...............Miscellaneous textile products..
138.6 21 $1,287.0025.3 0) 954.00
.1 457 45.003.2 1,109 1,502.001.0 1,147 478.002.5 2,507 1,168.003.5 1,498 1,621.002.2 2,848 1,011.002.0 2,190 932.00.3 (0 136.00
L0 45 702.001.3 2,000 1,000.001.4 110 1,100.004.1 220 3,276.001.4 745 1,118.003.5 4,796 2,800.00.1 216 108.00
1.6 0) 1,258.0022.4 (0 17,818.00
.4 119 1,071.00
.6 345,000 1,553.0020.1 0) 55,667.00
645.7 11,300 734.00.3 1,225 147.00
69.4 10,164 1,015.002.8 3,427 1,285.002.2 9,981 1,017.001.0 (0 466.00
y, u(*5
26,644,000
2,624,659
$479,748.00 86,646.00
114.00
1,671,773.00
247,547.00
9,050 $481,035.000) 87,600.00
457 45.001,109 1,502.001,147 478.002,507 1,168.001,498 1,621.002,848 1,011.002,190 932.00
(0 136.0054 816.00
2,000 1,000.00110 1,100.00220 3,276.00745 1,118.00
4,796 2,800.00216 108.00
1,258.000) 17,818.00
119 1,071.00345,000 1,553.000) 55,667.00
26,655,300 1,672,507.001,225 147.00
2,634,823 248,562.003,427 1,285.009,981 1,017.00
(0 466.001 Enumeration impracticable. O
CD
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1932, State, system, and institution—ContinuedSTATE PEISONS—Continued
MINNESOTA—Continued
Institution, articles produced, and unit
STATE REFORMATORY FOR MEN
Clay, cement, and stone products:Stone building...................tons..Stone, crushed__________do___
Clothing:Aprons.......................................Coats_________ ______________Hats and caps............................Hosiery______ _________pairs.Overalls................. ...... ...........Overcoats...................................Pajamas and nightgowns.........Pants..........................................Shirts, work...............................Shoes, new...................... pairs.Shoes, repaired_________do___Suits___ ____________________Miscellaneous....................... —
Construction:Alterations and installations___New buildings...........................
Farm, garden, and dairy:Cattle............................... head—Hay................................... tons..Hogs_____ _______ _____ head—M ilk...................... 100 pounds—Potatoes............... .............do—Wheat..........................bushels.Miscellaneous farm............... .Miscellaneous livestock_______
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
50.04.0.4
15.7.6
1.14.44.2 2.0
23.41.4 8.1 7.9
13.11.34.0
62.02.87.3 7.2
20.413.4
.226.1
.1
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number
1,4566,600
6293,4071,7415,9883,884
3281,5777,8562,2131,8475,084
r~(0
36 3781 262
4,895 10,807
172
Value
$62,160.005,500.00
318. 12,239.
507. 867.
3,408. 3,041. 1,511.
18,143. 1,107. 3,878. 3,814. 9,025. —
1,008.002,610.002.562.007.343.004.825.00
86.009.362.00
49.00
Public works and ways
Number
(0
Value
$3,300.00 203,300.00
State account
Number
23
Value
$8.00
81.0092.00
120.00
828.00
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number Value
1,456 6,600
629 3,412 1,741 5,988 3,884
336 1, 577 7,879 2,213 1,872 5,084 1,055
0)0)
636
378 262
4,895 10,807
172T8
$62,160.005.500.00
318.0012.247.00
507.00867.00
3.408.00 3,122 001.511.00
18.235.001.107.003.998.003.814.009.853.001.023.003.300.00
203,300.001.008.002.610.002.562.007.343.004.825.00
86.009.362.00
49.00
3HH00o
>wow
d33au00
I00
CO00to
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Furniture and furnishings:Chairs, wood............................Davenports, sofas, etc...............Tables........................................Miscellaneous............................
Printing and binding:Books, blank and bound---------Letterheads...............................Miscellaneous............................
Repair and shop work....... .............Textiles and textile products:
Pillowcases-...............................Sheets.........................................Towels.......................................Miscellaneous textile products.
STATE REFORMATORY FOR WOMEN
Clothing:Aprons........................................Gloves and mittens.........pairs.Overcoats...................................Pajamas and nightgowns.........Shirts, dress...............................Shirts, work_________________Underwear____ _____________Miscellaneous...........................
Farm, garden, and dairy:Cattle_________ ________ head.Com________________ bushels.Hay____________________tons.Hogs___________ _______ head.Milk.......................100 pounds.Potatoes......... - ................d o ...Wheat..........................bushels.Miscellaneous farm...................
Textiles and textile products:Blankets______ _____________Pillowcases_________________Towels....................... .................Miscellaneous textile products..
ALL INSTITUTIONS
Agricultural implements.......... ......Agricultural implements, parts___Clay, cement, and stone products:
Stone, building....... ..........tons.Stone, crushed--------------- do__
4.7.8
3.54.0.9.7
10.416.0
.21.1 1.1.5
.22.8
(2)7.72.8 6.6 4.4 2.1.2.3.3.5.6
3.2.2.1
2.8.3
(*) .1.1
2.6
138.625.350.04.0
1,935107
C> '
69,500
81,054 1,660 6,816
0)
431,080
18343
1,5492,9641,8361,140
(01
183189
74012075
(9
4661
156(9
(91,4566,600
6.637.001.160.004.947.005.591.00
310.00261.00
3.754.005.546.00
118.00863.00850.00193.00
32.00674.00
2.001.831.00
659.001.551.001.035.00
500.0038.0018.0092.00
167.00150.00
1.110.0074.0037.00
996.00
10.0030.0023.00
130.00
1.287.00 954.00
62,160.005.500.00
35
(9
9,029(9
14.00
91.00
71.00
70.00
485.00
479,748.0086,646.00
1,935 6,637.00107 1,160.00430 4,947.00
(9 5,591.0058 310.00
69,500 261.003,754.00
(9 5,546.001,054 118.001,660 863.006,816 850.00
(9 193.00
78 46.001,080 674.00
18 2.00343 1,831.00
1,549 659.002,964 1,551.001,836 1,035.001,140 500.00
(0 38.005 109.00
183 92.0018 167.0038 221.00
740 1,110.00120 74.0075 37.00
0) 996.005 70.00
46 10.0061 30.00
156 23.00(0 615.00
9,050 481,035.00<9 87,600.001,456 62,160.006,600 5,500.00
i Enumeration impracticable. * Less than one tenth of 1.
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1982, by State, system, and institution—Continued £STATE PRISONS—Continued 60
MINNESOTA—Continued
Institution, articles produced, and unit
Aver-Number and value of articles produced under each system
age number of pris-
State use Public works and ways State account Piece price Contract Total
em-ployed Number Value Num
ber Value Number Value Number Value Number Value Number Value
0.718.9 2.8.1
1.61.16.9
11.9 4.8
26.9
1,1294,5161,080
18
$395.00 13,741.00
674.0035 $14.00
8.001,164 $409.00
5 4,5211,080
13,749.00674.00
2.00 18 2.002,8885,9886,391
985.00 2,888 985.00867.00 5,988 867.00
4.576.004.872.002.170.00
19,764.001.551.003.153.00
6,391 4.576.004.953.00671 8 81.00 679
3,126 9,354 2,964 6,897 1,847 5,084
986
3,126 2,170.0023 92.00 9,377 19,856.00
6.6 2,964 1,551.008.08.1
6,897 3.153.003.998.003.878.00
3.814.009.025.001.432.001.197.00
25 120.00 1,8727.9
13.1 4.1
5,0841,055
3.814.009.853.0069 828.00
3,330(0
3,330 1,432.001.8 <9 1,197.00
4.0 (9 6$3,300.00
203,300.00(9 3,300.00
62.0 6 203,300.004.1 82 1.728.00
1.092.003.877.005.988.009.571.007.699.00
231.00
13 205.00 95 1.933.001.092.003.877.006.059.009.571.007.699.00
231.00
1.6 2,183506
2,1835069.2
11.9 491 29 71.00 52025.0 6,380
15,723463
6,38015,72317.1
.4 4631.6 1,258.00
28,176.0049.00
(l) 1,258.0028,176.00
49.0051.3 0) (i)
.1 (l) 0)
a l l in s t it u t io n s — c o n t in u e d
Clothing:Aprons.Coats...Gloves and mittens.........pairs.Hats and caps...........................Hosiery______ _________pairs.Overalls_________________ ____Overcoats. ............................. ...Pajamas and nightgowns--------Pants..........................................Shirts, dress...............................Shirts, work..............................Shoes, new. .....................pairs.Shoes, repaired............ . .d o . . .Suits__________ _____________Underwear.................................Miscellaneous_______ ____ ____
Construction:Alterations and installations....New buildings.................... .......
Farm, garden, and dairy:Cattle............................... head..Corn............ —........... .bushels..Hay____________ _______ tons..Hogs__________________ head..Milk.......................100 pounds..Potatoes............. ...............do—Wheat______________ bushels..Miscellaneous dairy................ .Miscellaneous farm.............. —Miscellaneous livestock-----------
PRISON LABOR
IN tTNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Furniture and furnishings:Chairs, wood........... . .............Davenports, sofas, e t c . . . .__Tables._______ ____________Miscellaneous______________
Printing and binding:Books, blank and bound____Letterheads.................. ..........Miscellaneous______________
Repair and shop work__________Textiles and textile products:
Binder twine________ pounds..Blankets____________________Pillowcases..................................Rope, twine (not binder), and
cordage______________ ____Sheets_______________________Towels.......................................Miscellaneous textile products..
Total................... ..................... 1,321.0
4.7.8
3.54.01.31.3
30.5 16.0
645.7.3.5
69.44.03.44.1
1,935107430
0)177
414,500
8 11,3002,325
10,164 5,148
16,953 (0
6.637.001.160.004.947.005.591.001.381.001.814.00
59,421.005.546.00
734.00275.00
1.015.002.178.001.890.00
789.00295,044.00
26,644,000 5
2,624,659
0)206,600.00..............2,487,688.00
1,671,773.00 70.00
247,547.00
485.00
1,935107430
0)177
414,500
826,655,300
52,325
2,634,823 5,148
16,953 (0
6.637.001.160.004.947.005.591.001.381.001.814.00
59,421.005.546.00
1,672,507.0070.00
275.00248,562.00
2.178.001.890.001.274.00
2,989,332.00
MISSISSIPPI
STATE PENITENTIARYClay, cement and stone roducts:
Brick and building tile thousands. Lime and agricultural lime
stone_________________ tons—15.022.02.06.01.03.08.0
29.030.087.0
809.0146.0103.094.015.0
650 $4,875.003,213 $6,426.00
Clothing:Overalls______________________ 1,074
5,4082,0475,4494,016
1,645. 60 6,667.95 1,457.60 3,208.00 9,723.50
Pants._______________________Shirts, work__________________Underwear_____ ______________Uniforms, prison.........................
Construction:New buildings.............................New, other than buildings and
roads.........................................1
0)
$32,000.0014,400.00
Farm, garden and dairy:Corn________________ bushels. _ 51,950 20,780.00Cotton______ __________bales— 6,919
3,027192,970.39 34,550.86Cottonseed_____________tons..
Hay______ ____________ do___ 2,1300)
0)
24,495.00 22,479. 5017,983.91
Miscellaneous farm.....................Textiles and textile products: Mis
cellaneous, textile products______T ota l_____________________ 1,370.0 113,316.06 46,400.00 233,947.24
650 $4,875.003,213 6,426.001,0745,4082,0475,4494,016
1.645.60 6,667.951.457.60 3,208.00 9,723.50
1 32,000.00
0) 14,400.0051,9506,9193,0272,130
0)
20.780.00 192,970.3934,550.8524.495.00 22,479.50
0) 17,983.91393,663.30
1 Enumeration impracticable.
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISONS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
STATE PRISONS—Continued MISSOURI
T a b l e A.—Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1932, by Stale, system, and institution—Continued
Institution, articles produced, and unit
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number Value
Public works and ways
Number Value
State account
Number Value
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number Value
593,86845,408
$90,860.809,838.40
33,333 59,950.2629,540 50,892
418,767 250
1,049,318 998,394 139,905
7
9,846.67 139,953.00 264,177.19
93. 75 803,842.50 291,198. 25 206,359.88 608,107.40
50481
9580)
23.395.56 1,286.01
25,003.9283.880.56
12,748 15,040 9,701 1,276
0)20,470
43.104.0095.071.0092.728.00 5,747.00
25.380.00 6,215.70
2,304,695 126,758.23121,300(0
12.130.0033.147.00
STATE PENITENTIARY
Brooms, brushes, and mops:Brooms................................ .......Mops.......................................... .
Clay, cement, and stone products:Stone, crushed..................... tons..
Clothing:Children's play suits_________C oats-........................................Overalls......................................Pajamas and nightgowns_____Pants.......................................... .Shirts, work...............................Shoes, new.......................pairs..
Construction: New buildings......... .Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle...............................head..Hay___________________ tons..Hogs........................... ......head..Miscellaneous farm................... .
Furniture and furnishings:Chairs, fiber_________________Chairs, wood..............................Davenports, sofas, etc................Tables..........................................Miscellaneous________________
Highway markers.................. ...........Textile and textile products:
Binder twine............... pounds..Rope, twine (not binder), and
cordage......................pounds. _Other manufactured products__
56.03.0
34.06.2
74.9140.9
.1429.1245.879.0
288.094.05.0
100.0 228.029.264.262.63.9
17.111.037.02.0
16.0
45,408 $9,838.40
1,209 55,776
250 33,708 40,752 9,154
3,324.75 35,052.49
93.7542.135.0011.886.00 13,502.15
(})
50481
95823.395.56 1,286.01
25,003.9283.880.56
20,470 6,215.70
$90,860.80
33,33329,54049,683
362,991
59,950.269,846.67
136,628.25 229,124.70
$608,107. 40
1,015,610 957,642 130,751
761,707.50 279,312.25 192,857.73
12,748 15,040 9,701 1,276
(0
$43,104.0095.071.0092.728.00 5,747.00
25.380.00
2,304,695121,300
0)
126,758.2312.130.0033.147.00
prison labor
in united
states, 1632
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
STATE REFORM A TOUT
Clay, cement and stone products: Brick and building tilo
thousands.Stone, crushed__________ tons.
Clothing:Aprons______________________Coats_______________________Hats and caps_______________Overalls....................................Pajamas and nightgowns_____Pants_______ _____ __________Shirts, work.................... ..........Shoes, repaired................ pairs.
Farm, garden, and dairy:Cattle............................... head.Corn________________ bushels.Hay______. . . __________ tons.Hogs______________ ____ head.Wheat.......................... bushels.Miscellaneous farm...................
Textiles and textile products:Pillowcases........... ................ .....Sheets............ ............................Towels......... ..............................Miscellaneous textile products.
ALL INSTITUTIONS
Brooms, brushes, and mops:Brooms................................ ......Mops..........................................
Clay, cement, and stone products: Brick and building tile
thousands.Stone, crushed.................. tons.
Clothing:Aprons______________________Children’s play suits..... ...........Coats............ .............................Hats and caps......... .................Overalls......................................Pajamas and nightgowns_____Pants______ ________________Shirts, work_________________Shoes, new____ ________pairs.Shoes, repaired................. d o ...
Construction: New buildings.........i Enumeration impracticable.
1.1430.1
758,699
S06.629,568,43
138385326
1,6481,113
2791,4896,800
112,468
202120
1,709<*>
8551,4662,557
(0
27.60 1,047.30
56. as969.00 ?89.55430.00 818.95
6,100.00521.33
1,197.20 2,424.00 1,952.34
598.15 16,199.01
111.84 553.40 173.64 289.36
.......... .................... 11 492.62
33 551.40
0) 611.04
593,868 90,860.8045,408 9,838.40
7542,032
806.62 69,518.69
138 27.6029,54049,683
9,846.67 136,628.251,594
326 57,424 1,363
33,987 42,241 9,154 6,800
4,372.05 56.38
36,021.49 483.30
42,565.00 12,704.95 13,502.15 6,100.00
362,991 229,124.701,015,610
957,642 130,751
761,707.50 279,312.25 192,857.73
7 608,107.45
7542,032
138 29,540 51,277
326 420,415
1,— .,049,597
999,883 139,905
6,800 7
75 806.628,699 9,568.43
138 27.60385 1,047.30326 56.38
1,648 969.001,113 389.55
279 430.001,489 818.956,800 6,100.00
22 1,013.952,468 1,197.20
202 2,424.00153 2,503.74
1.709 598.15(9 16,810.05
855 111.841,466 553.402,557 173.64
0) 289.36
593,868 90,860.8045,408 9,838.40
806.62 69,518.69
27.609,846.67
141,000.3056.38
265.146.19 483.30
804,272.50292.017.20 206,359.88
6,100.00 608,107.40
O l
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A.—Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1932, by State, system, and institution— Continued £STATE PBISONS—Continued 05
MISSOURI—Continued
Institution, articles produced, and unit
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number Value
Public works and ways
Num- Value
State account
Number Value
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number Value
a l l in s t it u t io n s — continuedFarm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle...............................head..Corn________________ bushels..Hay____________________tons..Hogs---------------------------- head—Wheat.............. ........... bushels..Miscellaneous farm................... .
Furniture and furnishings:Chairs, fiber....... ...................... .Chairs, wood................... ..........Davenports, sofas, etc...... .........Tables................. ........................Miscellaneous.............................
Highway markers________________Textiles and textile products:
Binder twine............... pounds .Pillowcases..................................Rope, twine (not binder), and
cordage____________pounds..Sheets_____________________Towels____ ______ ___________Miscellaneous textile products..
Other manufactured products-------Total.......................................
96.0 6.0
17.0103.0
3.0301.029.264.2 62.63.9
17.1 1L037.01.02.01.5 L02.5
16.02, 222.0
5152,468
2831,0781,709
<9
$23,916.89 1,197.20 3,710.01
26,956.26 598.15
100,079.57
20,470 6,215.70
855 111.84
1,466 2*557
<9553.40173.64289.36
$492.62
33
(9
551.40 611." 04
12,748 15,040 9,701 1,276
(9
$43,104.0095.071.0092.728.00 5, 747.00
25.380.00
2,304,695 126,758.23
121,300 12,130.00
(9 33,147.00289,473.34 $608,107.40 1,944,353.50 ________ 262,030.00
2,468 283
1,111 1,709
(912,748 15,040 9,701 1,276
(9 20,470
2,304,695 855
121,300 1,466 2,557
$24,409.51 1,197.20 3,710.01
27,507.66 598.15
100,690.6143.104.0095.071.0092.728.00 5,747.00
25.380.00 6,215.70
126,758.23111.84
12.130.00 553.40 173.64 289.36
33.147.003,103,96424
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
MONTANA
STATE PRISONClothing:
Aprons______________Coats _Hats and caps_______________Overalls. _____ _______________Shirts, work__________ _____ ..Shoes, repaired___ ._____pairs.Underwear.................................Miscellaneous, labor only....... .
Construction: New buildings_____Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle-------------------------- head.Hay------------------------------tons.Hogs__............................. head.M ilk........... ........... 100 pounds.Potatoes.......................__.do.__Wheat.......................... bushels.Miscellaneous dairy...... ...........Miscellaneous farm...................Miscellaneous livestock.......... .
Laundry, commercial____ pounds.Lumber and timber products:
Lumber................... board feet.Miscellaneous_______________
Metal products:Auto license tags_____________Galvanized ware_____________Tinware_____________________
Printing and binding:Letterheads.................... ...........Miscellaneous....................... .....
Textiles and textile products:Pillowcases____________ _____Sheets______________________Towels______________________Miscellaneous textile products _
Other manufactured products____Miscellaneous, labor only________
Total.. 107.0
993612
1,9572,278
90040
16840408
6,0475,040
924
53,028 0)
223,61820
34018,000 0)
5212
(0 ‘(l)0)
$24.95 126.00
2.40 1,868.63 1,368. “ 1,350. 00
24.00
813.008.400.006.360.00
14,749. 205.040.00
554.4011,049.45 5,610.17
13.30
1,345.03699.00
13,137.55 12.00
100.00
45.00 4.00
13.0012.0071.0086.00
1,600.0030,000.00
104,478.68
$83,500.00
83,500.00
(*)
819
7,500
<*>305
(0
$360.00
11.40 874.89 789.15900.0010.50
268.00
3,660.006,873.94
99 $24.9536 126.0012 2.40
1,957 1,868.632,278 1,368.60
900 1,350.0040 24.00
0) 360.001 83,500.00
16 813.00840 8,400.00408 6,360.00
6,047 14,749.205,040 5,040. CO
943 565.800) 11,924.34(0 6,399.320) 13.307,500 900.00
53,333 1,355.53(0 967.00
223,618 13,137.5520 12.00
340 100.0018,000 45.00<9 4.00
52 13.0012 12.00
259 71.0086.00
(0 1,600.00(l) 33,660.00
194,852.62
* Enumeration impracticable. 1 Less than one tenth of 1.
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
STATE PRISONS— Continued 0°NEBRASKA
T a b l e A,— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1988, by State, system, and institution—Continued h
Institution, articles produced, and unit
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use Public works and ways State account Piece price Contract Total
Number Value Number Value Number Value Number Value Number Value Number Value
STATE PENITENTIARY
Clothing:Overalls______________________ 1.0
320.0128.0
1.0 L03.0
43.03.0.4
4.0 .9
1.0 4.6.7 .3
4a i.1
3.38.3
11.8.5
2.2.3
3.23.0
600293,928279,330
$540.00246,553.8083,799.00
600293,928279,330
500(9
(,) 4
(926
3,18060
2373,6182,460
86
19716210818
16515
(9<9
$540.00246,553.8083,799.00
500.00 874.04
8.500.00 190,500.00
9.000.00513.96
1.272.00612.00
2,094.357.060.001.230.00
554.4029,785.60
21.501.286.903.347.91 4,791.50
197.00 862.95141.00
1,275.815.000.00
Pants________________ _______Shirts, work.................................Shoes, repaired................ pairs—Miscellaneous, labor only..........
500 $500.00<9 874.04
Construction:Alterations and installations___New buildings— ........................ (9 4
0)
$8,500.00190,500.00
9,000.00New, other than buildings and
roads.......................................Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle_________________ head— 263,180
60237
3,6182,460
86
1220161
29
513.961.272.00
612.002,094.357.060.001.230.00
554.4029,785.60
21.50 74.45
443.62648.1311.50 84.40
Corn________________ bushels.-Hay____________ ____ _tons..Hogs_______ _________head—Milk_____________100 pounds__Wheat..........................bushels__Miscellaneous dairy........... ........Miscellaneous farm___________
Furniture and furnishings:Benches_____ ______ __________Chairs, fiber............................. ... 185
1429217
13615
(9
$1,212.45 2,904.29 4,143.37
185.50 778.55 141.00
1,239.86
Chairs, wood...............................Davenports, sofas, etc_________Mattresses..................... .............Pillows______________________Tables_______________________Miscellaneous________________ (0 35.95
Land development: Land improve- ment..................... .......................... <9 5,000.00
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Lumber and timber products: Miscellaneous____ ________________ _
Repair and shop work____________Textiles and textile products: Mis
cellaneous............................... .......Other manufactured products_____Miscellaneous labor only__________
STATE REFORMATORY FOR MEN
Clay, cement, and stone products:Miscellaneous__________________
Clothing:Overalls_____________________Pants._____ _________________Shirts, work__________________Shoes, repaired_________ pairs..
Construction:Alterations and installations___New buildings............................New, other than buildings and
roads. .......................................Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle............................... head-Corn............................. bushels..Farm hands hired o u t ... ..........Hay............ ............. ..........tons..Hogs__________ ________ head-.Milk_____________100 pounds..Wheat.......................... bushels. .Miscellaneous farm....................
Laundry, commercial........pounds..Printing and binding:
Envelopes...................................Letterheads__________________Miscellaneous____ ___________
Repair and shop work____________Textiles and textile products:
Sheets______________ _________Towels_____________ _________Miscellaneous textile products..
Other manufactured products..........Miscellaneous, labor only.................
STATE REFORMATORY FOR WOMEN
Clothing:Aprons______________________Gloves and mittens.........pairs..Pajamas and nightgowns______
1.2 (9 462.851.8 (9 319.142.3 (9 1,027.09
15.0 (9 52,489.005.0
.3
.6 432 302.40133.0 12 9.60
.3 313 156.501.8 800 480.00.1
9.7.2
— ........... ---------------
.5 13 196.007.0 6,271 2,508.40.3 (9 94.00
2.6 190 1,971.001.5 35 564.524.0 2,214 4,320.00.3 565 282.50
34.2 (9 12,109.22.1.4 15,600 42.12.3 16,000 36.00
1.3 148.401.9 <9 50.00.8 427 427.00.1 704 84.48.1 87.00
2.3 <9 1,500.001.3
0) 36 9.00.8 236 236.00
(*) 60 6.00.3 127 112.00
8
8
38.77409.6461.28
349.58(9 $1,693.75
(9 134.75
.......... ----------------- ------------ 149,114 131,068.40.
(92
(9
100.0040,000.00
700.006
73(9 51
106
172.96 36.50 51.00
547.00 1,261.24
(9840
16,0004,200
8
212.02 29.4343.20 9.45
77.20 252.40
8137.75 93.50 (9 352.50
<9432
149,126 313 800
(9
<919
6,344 (9 241
1412,214
565(0
84031,600 20,200 (9 <9
8<9
427704
3623660
127
501.62728.78
1,088.37 52,838.58 1,693.75
134.75302.40
131,078.00 156.50480.00100.00
40,000.00700.00
2,544.90145.00
2.518.00 1,825.764.320.00
282.5012,321.24
29.4385.3245.45
225.60302.40427.00 84.48 87.00
1,637.75446.00
9.00236.00
6.00112.00i Enumeration impracticable. * Less than one tenth of 1. CO
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1982, by State, system, and institution—ContinuedSTATE PRISONS—Continued
NEBRASKA—Continued
too
Institution, articles produced, and unit
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number Value
Public works and
Number Value
State account
Number Value
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number Value
8TATE REFORMATORY FOR WOMEN— continued
Clothing—ContinuedUnderwear................ ..............Miscellaneous..................... ....
Farm, garden, and dairy:Cattle............................... head—Com________________ bushels. _Hay______________ _____ tons..Hogs___________ _______ head—Milk______ ______ 100 pounds—Miscellaneous dairy........... —Miscellaneous farm...............
Textiles and textile products:Pillowcases.............. ..............Sheets.....................................Miscellaneous textile products— Other manufactured products—
ALI. INSTITUTIONS
Clay, cement, and stone products:Miscellaneous____ _____________
Clothing:Aprons______________________Dresses........................................Gloves and mittens.........pairs.Overalls......................................Pajamas and nightgowns_____Pants_______ ________________Shirts, work-------------------------Shoes repaired------ --------pairs..
0.3.6
1.0.3
1.51.3 4.8.7
2.3
(*) .1.8
(*)
.3
(*).8\
(*).3
453.0128.3
2.8
0)3
450105
81,597
8
(0
3623660
43212712
3131,300
$140.25 193.5028.00
180.00 1,260.00
88.00 3,115.98
375.00 1,059.28
16.8048.00
199.10
9.00236.00
6.00 302.40112.00
9.60156.50980.00
10 $436.00
677.26126.26
.55
0)
94.4811.55
134.75
600 $540.00443,042279,330
377,622.2083,799.00
268 $140.250) 193.50
13 464.00450 180.00105 1,260.0071 765.26
1,597 3,115.980) 501.260) 1,059.83
48 16.8048 48.00
0) 293.580) 11.55
(0 134.7536 9.00
236 236.0060 6.00
1,032 842.40127 112.00
443,054 377,631.80279,643 83,955.50
1,300 980.00
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Underwear___________________Miscellaneous..................... .......Miscellaneous, labor only_____
Construction:Alterations and installations__New buildings....... ................... .New, other than buildings and
roads....................................... .Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle............................... head..Corn............................. bushels..Farm hands hired out.............. .Hay.......... ........................tons..Hogs.......... .......................head..Milk....................... 100 pounds..Wheat.......................... bushels..Miscellaneous dairy__________Miscellaneous farm.__________
Furniture and furnishings:Benches__________ __________Chairs, fiber_________________Chairs, wood................... ..........Davenports, sofas, etc________Mattresses___________________Pillows______________________Tables..... ........ .......................... .Miscellaneous...... ..................... .
Land development: Land improvement......................................... ......
Laundry, commercial........pounds..Lumber and timber products: Mis
cellaneous_____________________Printing and binding:
Envelopes___________________Letterheads_______________ _Miscellaneous________________
Repair and shop work.............. .......Textiles and textile products:
Pillowcases__________________Sheets_______________________Towels....................................... .Miscellaneous textile products..
Other manufactured products_____Miscellaneous, labor only_________
Total______________________
.3
.61.03.1
52.73.21.9
11.3 .3
5.0 3.8
13.41.0 LO
76.6.1
3.38.3
11.8 .5
2.2.3
3.23.0.1
1.2.4.3
1.33.7
(»).9.1
3.2 17.36.3
830.0
0)
429,901
0)355280
7,4293.025
0)0)
6j1220161
0)
(015,600 16,0 0
848
475704
140.251193.50
737.96 3,960.40
94.00 3,843.00 2,746.87
14,495.98 1,512.50
929.40 42,954.10
21.50 74.45
443.62648.1311.50 84.4035.95
462.8542.12 36.00
148.40 369.1416.80
475.00 84.48
1,313.19 53,989.00
131,675.99
0)
0)
0)
$8,600.00230,500.00
9,700.00
5,000.00
253,800.00
0)
0)
1851429217
13615
840
0)16,0004,200
8
608.9636.5051.00
547.001,938.50
126.26 212.57
1,212.45 2,904.29 4,143.37
185.50 778.55 141.00
1,239.86
29.4338.7743.20 9.45
77.20 662.04
155.76 498.88 93.50
15,868.79
0) 874.04
462,835.240) $2,046.25
2,046.25
80)
(058
9,974<9 406
4497,4293,025
268)
86
19716210818
16515
<*>
«31,60020,200
8
8(9
48475704
140.25193.50874.04
8,600.00230,500.00
9.700.001,346.923.996.90
145.004.390.00 4,685.37
14,495.981.512.50 1,055.66
43,166.6721.50
1.286.903.347.914.791.50
197.00 862.95141.00
1,275.815,000.00
29.43501.6285.3245.45
225.601,031.18
16.80475.00 84.48
1,468.95 54,487.88 2,139.75
866,226.27
1 Enumeration impracticable. * Less than one tenth of 1.
bO
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
STATE PRISONS—Continued NEVADA
T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1982, by State, system, and institution—Continued toto
AverNumber and value of articles produced under each system
Institution, articles produced, and unit
age number of pris-
State use Public works and ways State account Piece price Contract Total
em-ployed Number Value Num
ber Value Number Value Number Value Number Value Number Value
STATE PENITENTIARY
Clay, cement, and stone products:Stone, building_________ tons..Stone, crushed__________do___
Clothing:Aprons
22.03.0
7412,967
36
$8,000.003,709.00
7.20
741 $8,000.002,967 3,709.00
36 7.20Hats and c&ps_______________ 225
69515.00
521. 25225 15.00
Pants \ / 2.0 2.0 1.0 1.0
(5)8.0
(5)2.05.02.0 1.0
14.04.03.02.0 2.0
695 521.25Shirts work 741
400296.40 741 296.40
Shoes, repaired................ pairs..Miscellaneous labor only
300.00 400 300.000) $120.00 (*) 120.00
Construction:Alterations and installations-----New buildings
0) 1$225.00
30,000.00150.00
0) 225.001 30,000.00
New, other than buildings and0) 0) 150.00
Farm, garden, and dairy:Cattle head 57
525110
1,776.80 3,675.00 2,290.11
270.00
57 1,776.80Hay tons i 525 3,675.00Hogs head 70 628.15 180 2,918.26Wheat bushels 450 450 270.00Miscellaneous farm 0)
78,2040)0)0)
7,289.535,083.263.500.002.500.00
960.00
0) 156.25 (9 7,445.78Metal products:
Aiftn IlftATIQA 78,2040)
5,083.26TVTi haII an Anns 3,500.00
Repair and shop work------ ------------Other manufactured products_____
0) 2,500.000) 960.00
Total 74.0 40,193.55 30,375.00 904.40 71,472.95
PRISON LABOR
IN TJNITBD
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
2574°-
NEW HAMPSHIRE
STATE PRISON
Furniture and furnishings: Chairs, wood.............................................. .
Total-140.0140.0
325,120 $186,576.74186,576.74
325,120 $186,576.74186,576.74
NEW JERSEY
ANNANDAIE FARMS
Clay, cement, and stone products:Stone, crushed......................tons..
Clothing: Shoes, repaired___pairs..Construction:
New buildings..... ..................... .Roads, new............. ........miles..New, other than buildings and
roads....................................... .Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle............................... head—Com___________ ____ bushels..Hay....... ........................... tons—Hogs................................_head—Milk.......................100 pounds.Potatoes............................do___Wheat............................bushels.Miscellaneous farm................... .
Land development: Land improvement.............................................. .
Printing and binding: Miscellaneous............................................
REFORMATORY FOR WOMEN
Clothing:Aprons....................................... .Overalls.............................Pajamas and nightgowns.Shirts, work......................Suits..................................Underwear.........................Miscellaneous....................
2.07.0
104.05.0
10.015.06.09.03.08.0 8.0 6.0
49.037.016.0
.7 12.0
.5
.5 8.0 .5
1.5 5. O'
5006,036
32 1,900 2,016
69 3,126 2,791 1,408
0)
0)
455 4,171
320 457
3,807 141
$500.00 5,030.75
1,641.608.
40,320.1,095.
13,318.2,870.
704.12,709.
148.75 3,128.25
239.00 182.80
2,474. 55282.00 347.90
3.00.50
(0
$90,000.006,000.00
565.00
(0 14,100. CO
1 Enumeration impracticable.0)
< Labor performed by inmates producing pants and shirts.
5006,036
30.50
0)
321,9002,016
693,1262,7911,408
(*)0)(0
4554,171
320457
3,807141
0)
$500.005,030.75
90,000.006* 000.00565.00
1,641.91608.00
40.320.00 1,095.84
13,318.32 2,870.00
704.00 12,709.0714.100.00 1,998.60
148.75 3,128.25
239.00 182.80
2,474.55282.00347.90380.90
8 Labor performed by inmates charged to new buildings. toCO
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1982, by State, system, and institution—ContinuedSTATE PRISONS-—Continued
NEW JEESEY—Continued
to
Institution, articles produced, and unit
REFORMATORY FOR WOMEN—COn.Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle............................... head—Corn________________bushels—Hay___________________ tons—Hogs____________ ______ head—Milk____________ 100 pounds—Potatoes__________1____ do...Wheat........... ...............bushels.Miscellaneous farm................. .
Laundry, commercial....... pounds—Textiles and textile products:
Pillowcases-------------- -------------Sheets___________ _____ _____Towels_______________ ______
STATE REFORMATORYClothing:
Aprons______________________Coats............... ................. ........Coats, prison__________ _____Hats and caps_______________Overalls_____________ _______Overcoats------------------------------Pants_______________________Shirts, work_________________Shoes, new_____________pairs.Underwear----------------------------
Farm, garden, and dairy:Cattle_________________ head—Corn________________ bushels.
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
2.04.09.02.0
12.0 12.01.0
36.010.0
.5
.5
<*)2.95.0
.512.45.0
50.02.9
<2)2.0
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number
101,855
18840
1,:1,273180
0) 277,011
316387497
6 348 616 127 690 33
> 463 , 207 ,037 ,331
41,090
Value
$348.44
11,342.31
1,608.75 4,312.00
19.05 773.75462.00
10,135.751,544.90
15,766.65 1,233.95
96.58436.00
Public works and ways State account Piece price Contract
Number Value Number Value
1Number
1Value Number Value
Total
Number Value
10 $348.441,855 532.00
188 3,760.0040 634.16
1,896 8,253.001,273 1,473.00
180 89.009 11,342.3177,011 16,620.66
316 69.52387 251.55497 124.25
6 1.50348 1,608.75616 4,312.00127 19.05690 773.7533 462.00
3,463 10,135.752,207 1,544.905,037 15,766.653,331 1,233.95
4 96.581,090 436.00
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Hay------------------------------tons-Hogs------------------ ------ _.head_.Milk------------------- 100 pounds..Potatoes_______________ do___Wheat______________ bushels..Miscellaneous farm___________
Furniture and furnishings:Beds________________________Benches____ _________________Chairs, wood_________________Davenports, sofas, etc________Tables_______ _______________Miscellaneous________________
Highway markers.............................Lumber and timber products: Mis
cellaneous..................... ................ .Metal products:
Castings............. ..........pounds..Galvanized ware_____________Tinware______ ______________Miscellaneous________________
Printing and binding:Envelopes___________________Letterheads__________________Miscellaneous.
Textiles and textile products: Cotton yard goods, light
pounds..Duck and canvas_______ do___Pillowcases__________________Sheets_______________________Towels.Miscellaneous textile products..
STATE PRISON
Bakery products, commercialpounds..
Clay, cement, and stone products:Concrete, blocks.__thousands..Concrete, posts_______________
Clothing:Coats, prison________________Hats and caps________________Overalls_____________________Overcoats____________________Pants______ _________________Pants, prison__________ _____ _Shoes, new_____________pairs..
7.51.09.04.0 .5
40.0
105174
3,6531,539
238(9
2,350.54 2,885.97
16,550.50 1,764.80
119.00 12,751.97
25.0 1.0
49.03.03.03.0
49.8
1,972237
3,525179257
(910,273
16,372.571.422.00
19,484.005.100.002.222.00
851.3521,267.95
1.0 (9 392.005.0.3.5.2
20,120137169
<9
1,145.85 92.75 86.48 51.10
9.03.06.0
2.230.5001.395.500
(911,162.30 4,178.91 9,319.86
3.01.0 .4 .2 .8
<9
900930487
1,4504,739(0
372.55 233.75128.85917.85 999.8048.75
12.0 454,775 15,906.7812.02.0
1467,374
13,145.85 811.14
2.54.01.0 6.07.0
11.02.0
49.0
1,618 1,168 1,013 5,898 1,080 7,001 2,451
32,061
2,865.10 6,832.80
415.33 4,855.50 6,804.00 8,224.40 7,720.65
101,667.45i Enumeration impracticable.
105 2,350.54174 2,885.97
3,653 16,550.501,539 1,764.80
238 119.00(9 . 12,751.971,972 16,372.57
237 1,422.003,525 19,484.00
179 5,100.00257 2,222.00
(9 851.3510,273 21,267.95
(9 392.0020,120 1,145.85
137 92.75169 86.48
<9 51.102,230,500 11,162.301,395,500 4,178.91
(9 9,319.86
900 372.55930 233.75487 128.85
1,450 917.854,739 999.80
(9 48.75
464,775146
7,3741,618 1,168 1,013 5,898 1,080 7,001 2,451
32,061
15,906.7813,145.85
811.142,865.10 6,832.80
415.33 4,855.50 6,804.00 8,224.40 7,720.65
101,667.45* Less than one tenth of 1. fcO
O i
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A .— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in Stale and Federal prisons, 1982, by State, system, and institution— ContinuedSTATE PRISONS— Continued
NEW JERSEY—Continued
t oo>
Institution, articles produced, and unit
state prison—continuedC lothing—Continued
Shoes, repaired.................pairs.Suits...........................................Miscellaneous............................
Coffee roasting____ ______ pounds-Construction:
New buildings...........................Roads, new..........—........miles-
E&rm, garden, and dairy:Cattle____ ______ ______ head.Corn___________ ____ bushels-Hay................. —.............. tons.Hogs............. ...... .............head,Milk.......................100 pounds.Potatoes.............. ............ do—Miscellaneous farm...................
Furniture and furnishings:Bureaus, chiffoniers,
etc........ .................Chairs, wood............Desks.........................Tables........................Miscellaneous...........
Metal products:Auto license tags-------Galvanized ware.......Tinware....................
Printing and binding:Envelopes..................Letterheads................Miscellaneous...........
Repair and shop work—
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
21.06.0
10.5 2.08.0
58.08.0
10.0 20.0 12.0 24.016.5
167.5
14.0 .5
10.019.5 6.0
65.0 4.0
14.010.0 10.0 56.019.5
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number Value
15,4631,7580)
134,901
20 4,118
450 205
10,027 4,703
0)
44140
133739
(02,023,941
4,1264,289
1,677,900 1,893,300
(9 0)
$13,212.86 12,955.50 28,989.07 19,304.83
247.38 1,786.00 7,550. 29 4,240.49
45,848.59 5,357.89
55,199. “
9.212.70 80.85
5.534.70 10,651.502.454.87
203,360.36 4,636.10 8,256.63
11,906.35 7,574.00
53,240.214.381.88
Public works and ways
Number
1.002.37
Value
$9,500.0097,172.97
State account
Number Value
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number Value
15,403 1,758
(9134,901
$13,212.8612,955.5028,989.0719,304.83
12.37
9,500.0097,172.97
20 4,118
450 205
10,027 4,703
(9
247.38 1,786.00 7,550.29 4,240.49
45,848.59 5,357.89
55,199.63
44140
133739
(9
9.212.70 80.85
5.534.70 10,651.502,454.87
2,023,941 4,126 4,289
203,360.36 4,636.10 8,256.63
1,677,9001,893,500
(9(9
11,906.35 7,574. 00
53,240. 21 4,381.88
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Other manufactured products........ .Miscellaneous, labor only_________
ALL INSTITUTIONSBakery products, commercial
pounds..Clay, cement, and stone products:
Concrete, blocks___thousands..Concrete, posts....... ...................Stone, crushed.................. tons..
Clothing:Aprons........................ .............. .Coats...........................................Dresses....................................Hats and caps_______________Overalls......................................Overcoats................................... .Pajamas and nightgowns______Pants...........................................Shirts, work................................Shoes, new.......................pairs..Shoes, repaired.................pairs..Suits............................................Underwear................... ............ .Miscellaneous.............................
Coffee, roasting..................pounds..Construction:
New buildings.................... .......Roads, new................ ..miles..
New other than buildings androads....................................... .
Farm, garden and dairy:Cattle............................... head..Corn.............................bushels..Hay................................ ..tons..Hogs....................... ..........head..Milk.......................100 pounds..Potatoes...........................d o___Wheat.......................- _ bushels..Miscellaneous farm products....
Furniture and furnishings:Beds....................... - .................. .Benches____________________ _Bureaus, chiffoniers, dressers,
etc..........- ........ ...... ................ .Chairs, wood..............................Davenports, sofas, etc...............Desks............................... ..........Tables..... ....................................Miscellaneous furniture.............
Highway markers.............................1 Enumeration impracticable.
5.05.5
12.012.02.02.0.7
14.4 12.01.06.57.5 .5
25.413.099.028.06.54.4
15.5 2.0
112.063.010.025.022.045.5 18.053.040.57.5
292.525.0 1.0
14.049.53.0
10.022.59.0
49.8
454,775146
7,374500461
3,750 4,171 1,140 6,908 1,113
457 12,915 6,014
37,098 21,499 1, r~ 4,:
(0 134,901
8,963 2,759
488 18,702 10,306 1, ■
(01,972
237441
3,565179133996
(0 10,273
7,352.15 523.50
15,906.7813,145.85
811.14 500.00150.25
15,618.653.128.25
434.385.868.25 7,266.00
182.80 26,080.80 4,019.45
117,434.10 18,243.61 13,237.50 1,581.85
29,369.97 19,304.83
2,334. 3,362.
53,980. 8,856.
83,970. 11,465.
912.92,002.16,372.571.422.009,212. 70
19,564.855.100.00 5,534. 70
12,873.50 3,306.22
21,267.951
4.002.87
0)
99,500.00 103,172.97
565.00
454,775146
7,374500461
3,750 4,171 1,140 6,908 1,113
457 12,915 6,014
37,098 21,499 1,899 4,269
(0134,901
42.87
0)66
8,9632,759
48818,70210,3061,826
(01,972
237441
3,565179133996
0)10,273
7,352.15 523.50
15,906.7813,145.85
811.14 500.00150.25
15,618.653.128.25
434.385.868.25 00 7,266.00
182.80 ^26,080.80 34,019.45 B
117,434.10 h>18,243.61 513,237.50 £1,581.85 w
29,369.97 *119,304.83 H
u99,500.00 H
103,172.97 #565.00
2,334.31 23.362.00 S
53,980.83 m8,856.46 O
83,970.41 211,465.69 00
912.00 92,002.9816,372.571.422.009.212.70
19,564.855.100.005.534.70
12,873.503,306.22
21,267.95 £5t o
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b le A .— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1932, by State, system, am i institution— C ontinued
STATE PRISONS—ContinuedNEW JERSEY—Continued
Institution, articles produced, and unit
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number Value
Public works and ways
Number Value
State account
Number Value
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number Value
ALL in s t it u t io n s — c o n t in u e d
Land development: Land improvement...............................................
Laundry, commercial........pounds—Lumber and timber products: Mis
cellaneous____ _____ _____ _____Metal products:
Auto license tags.......................Castings.................... -.pounds.Galvanized ware_____________Tinware____________________Miscellaneous____ ____________
Printing and binding:Envelopes_____ ______________Letterheads...... ............. ............Miscellaneous printing-----------
Repair and shop work............ ........Textiles and textile products:
Cotton yard goods, lightpounds—
Duck and canvas_______ do___Pillowcases___________________Sheets------------------------------------Towels m(b . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Miscellaneous textile products—
Other manufactured products--------Miscellaneous labor only---------------
37.010.01.0
65.0 5.0 4.3
14.5 .2
19.013.078.019.5
3.01.0 .9 .7
1.1.1
5.05.5
277,011
(02,023,941
20,120 4, 4,458
0)3,908,400 3,289,000
0)0)
900
1,8375,236
$16,620. f 392.00
203,360,361.145.854.728.85 8,343.11
51.1023,068.65 11,752.91 64,558.67 4,381.88
372.55 233.75 198.37
1,169.40 1,124.05
48.75 7,352.15
523.50
0) $14,100.00 (l)277,011
0)2,023,941
20,120 4,263 4,458
0)3,908,400 3,289,000
900
1,8375,236
$14,100.0016,620.66
392.00203,360.36
1.145.854.728.85 8,343.11
51.1023,068.65 11,752.91 64,558.67 4,381.88
372.55 233.75 198.37
1,169.40 1,124.05
48.75 7,352.15
523.50
TotaL. 1,421.0_________ 993,250.19 ______ 217,337.97 1,210,588.16
PKISON LABOR
IN tTNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
NEW MEXICO
STATE PENITENTIARY
Clay, cement, and stone products: Brick and building tile
thousands..Construction: New buildings___Farm, garden, and dairy:
Corn-------------------------bushels..Hay------------------------------ tons..Hogs_____________ „____ head_Miscellaneous farm_________
Miscellaneous, labor only_______TotaL 263.0
183.632.0
369
2.0 3004.0 402.4 108
25.014.0 <9
$4,097.08
135.00600.00
1,848.00800.00
6,352.5013,832.58
$25,000.00
25,000.00
794
<942
$20,152.04
149.00 83.62
20,384.66
1,1635
30040
150
8 '
NEW YORK
0.1 2 $85.002.0 400 4,000.00
10.0 3,667 2,650.001.6 1,400 910.009.0 6,000.00
10.3 <9 4,020.00310.0 (9 $60,000.00
1.6 3,174 830.20.4 314 211.50
2.7 543 989.50.3 3,000 150.00
(’) 58 13.80.2 100 75.00
1.5 34 572.20.2 125 73.20
9.0 7,524 4,399.00.3 226 94.50 “ - -.1 (9 73.50 _____ ______
$24,249.1225,000.00
135.00600.00
1,997.00883.62
6,352.509,217.24
ATTICA STATE PRISON
Farm, garden, and dairy:Cattle-------------------------- head—Clay----------------------------- tons—Potatoes-------------- 100 pounds. .Wheat______________ bushels..Miscellaneous dairy___________Miscellaneous farm___________
Land development: Land improvement.... ...................... .....................
STATE PRISON FOR WOMEN
Clothing:Aprons______________________Coats________________________
Handkerchiefs___________Hats and caps___________Overalls______ __________Overcoats............... ............Palamas and nightgowns..Shirts, work_____________Underwear______________Miscellaneous___________
2 400
3,667 1, ■“
8(9
3,174314543
3,00058
10034
125
1 Enumeration impracticable.(9
226
$85.004.000.002.650.00
910.006.000.004.020.00
60,000.00
830.20211.50989.50 150.0013.8075.00
572.20 73.20
4,399.0094.5073.50
1 Less than one tenth of 1.
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1932, fry State, system, and institution—ContinuedSTATE PRISONS—Continued
NEW YOEK—Continued
O
Institution, articles produced, and unit
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number Value
Public works and ways
Number Value
State account
Number Value
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number Value
STATE PRISON FOR WOMEN—COn.Furniture and furnishings:
Benches............................. .........Mattresses......................... .........Pillows_____________ ________
Repair and shop work................. .Textiles and textile products:
Bags........................................ .Pillowcases__________________Sheets....... .....: _______________Spreads________ ____ ________Towels.................................... .Miscellaneous textile products..
Other manufactured products_____CLINTON PRISON
Brooms, brushes, and mops: Mops.Clothing:
Aprons...................................... .Coats......................... ............Coats, prison................... .........Handkerchiefs.............. ............Hats and caps...........................Overalls............................... .....Overcoats................................. .Pants........................................ .Pants, prison....... .....................Shirts, dress......... .....................Shirts, work_____________ ___Shoes, repaired................ pairs.Suits................... — ................ .Underwear.............. ................ .
(2) 109.1 848.6 905
(*) 0)(2) 40
2.5 2,8289.3 5,170
(2) 122.0 6,439
16.1 0)(2) 0)
6.0 83,4141.0 1621.0 1,0546.0 9001.0 18,8522.0 6,1206.0 6,936
16.0 4,4161.0 706
10.0 3,3001.0 2,4129.0 27,3885.0 4,500
48.0 11,4845.0 17,976
$10.00 4,550.08
468.72 22.257.45
734.15 4,603.80
18.00 983.20
7,790.68 16.70
22,471.0612.
844.7,425.
855. 2,350. 8,521.
22,080.494.
13,200. 1,371.
24,394. 3,375.
45,675. 7,770.
10 $10.00848 4,550.08905 468.72
0) 22.2540 7.45
2,828 734.155,170 4,603.80
12 18.006,439
0)983.20
7,790.680) 16.70
83,412 22,471.06144 12.00
1,056 844.80900 7,425.00
18,852 855.506,120 2,350.566,9364,416
8,521.6022,080.00
706 494.203,300 13,200.002,412 1,317.50
27,388 24,394.624,500 3,375.00
11,484 45,675.0017,976 7,770.00
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Construction:New buildings............... ............New, other than buildings and
roads........................ ...... .........Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle................ ..........___head_.Corn________________bushels. .Hay___________________ tons..Hogs____ _______ ______ head—Milk.......................100 pounds..Miscellaneous farm....................
Lumber and timber products:Miscellaneous................. ..............
Printing and binding: Miscellaneous............................................ .
Textiles and textile products: Cotton yard goods, light
pounds..Towels.........................................Yarn, cotton and wooLpounds—
DANNEMORA STATE HOSPITAL
Clay, cement, and stone products:Stone, building___________ tons..
Clothing:Aprons_____ _________________Coats, prison___________ _____Hats and caps________________Hosiery_____ __________pairs..Overalls_____________________Pants, prison.............................Shirts, work................................Shoes, new...................... pairs ~Shoes, repaired_________ do___Underwear.............. ...................Miscellaneous.............. ..............
Farm, garden, and dairy:Cattle_________________head..Corn________________ bushels..Hay____________________tons..Hogs.......... .......................head..Milk....................... 100 pounds..Miscellaneous farm.....................
Furniture and furnishings: Mat-Printing and binding:
Letterheads...........Miscellaneous........
109.050.01.01.01.43.02.0 3.6
7815070
1505,966
(0
$1,193.2059.52
700.001,200.00
16,761.001,865.52
2.0 (0 1,515.002.0 0) 4,800.00
392.03.0
12.0384,232 72,887
210,256193,539.06 12,704.84 71,771.00
4.0 485 11,382.2Fi.4
1.01.04.01.0 1.0 1.03.02.0 .6
2.0
292515201
7,183564704
1,802650
2,290208
0)
113.402.369.00
100.501,357.10
903.001.936.00 1,982.201.592.501.629.50
187.60 420.85
.2
.1
.11.73.02.9
9311
676
995(0
145.00125.00 75.00
1.650.003.027.002.944.00
1.C 40 200.00.4.6
30,0000)
75.00292.48
1 Enumeration impracticable.
5 $81,000.00
0) 20,000.0078
15070
1505,966
0)
1,193.22 59.50
700.00 1,200.00
16,761.00 1,865.52
0) 1,515.00
0) 4,800.00
384,23272,887
210,256193,539.06 12,704.84 71,771.00
485 11,382.25292 113.40515 2,369.00201 100.50
7,183 1,357.10564 003.00704 1,936.00
1,802 1,982.20650 1,592.50
2,290 1,629.50208 187.60
0) 420.859 145.00
311 125.006 75.00
70 1, 650 00995 3,027.00
0) 2,944.0040 200.00
30,000 75.000) 292 48
’ Less than one tenth of 1.00
STATE AND
FEDEBAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A.—Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1982, by State, system, and institution—ContinuedSTATE PRISONS—Continued
NEW YORK—-Continued
GOto
Institution, articles produced, and unit
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number Value
Public works and ways
Number Value
State account
Number Value
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number Value
DANNEMORA STATE HOSPITAL—COn.Textiles and textile products:
Bags...........................................Pillowcases__________________Sheets_______________________Spreads_____________________Towels......... .............................Miscellaneous textile products.
GREAT MEADOW PRISONClay, cement, and stone products:
Stone, crushed____________ tons.Clothing:
Coats, prison___________ _____Overcoats___________________Pants_____ _________________Pants, prison____ _____________Shirts, work__________ ______Shoes, new____________ pairs.Shoes, repaired_________ do___Suits......................................... .
Construction:New buildings............ .............. .Railroad_________ _____ miles.Roads, new...................... do—New, other than buildings and
roads..........................- ........... .Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle_________________ head..Corn________________ bushels..Hay._____________ _____ tons..
0.81.0.9.1
1.02.2
40.03.02.0 2.0
15.0 2.0
15.03.06.0
95.025.010.050.02.01.07.0
339 1,259 1,190
169 3,725
(*)
9,934200 300 360
4,000 1,500 1,104 3,384
360
49105250
$67.05 299.77
1,032.50 149.50 377.57
1,192.80
11,920.50400.00
3.600.001.440.00 4,000.00
525.006.624.003.384.004.320.00
794.31 42.07
2,500.00
3.001.50.19
0
$147,000.00140,000.00
5,000.0015,600.00
1,259 1,190
169 3,725
0)
9,934200 300 360
4,000 1,500 1,104 3,384
31.500.19
0)49
105250
$67.05 299.77
1,032.50 149.50 377.57
1,192.80
11,920.50400.00
3.600.001.440.004.000.00
525.006.624.003.384.004.320.00
147.000.00140.000.00
5.000.0015,600.00
794.3142.07
2.500.00
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Hogs............. ....................head..Milk_____________100 pounds..Potatoes............................do___Miscellaneous, farm__________Miscellaneous livestock-----------
Furniture and furnishings:Chairs, wood..............................Davenports, sofas, etc-------------Tables............................... ..........Miscellaneous furniture-----------
Lumber and timber products: Miscellaneous............. ..........................
Other manufactured products--------INSTITUTION FOR MALE DEFECTIVE
DELINQUENTSBaskets_________________________Brooms, brushes, and mops:
Brooms________________________Clothing:
Coats________________________Coats, prison............. - ................Gloves and mittens_____pairs..Handkerchiefs________________Hats and caps________________Hosiery________________pairs..Overalls......................................Pajamas and nightgowns______Pants_____ ________ _________Pants, prison_________________Shirts, dress__________________Shirts, work...............................Shoes, new_____________pairs..Shoes, repaired-------------- do___Underwear__________________Miscellaneous____ _____ ______
Farm, garden, and dairy:Cattle........... ....................head..Corn_______________ -bushels..Hay___________________ tons..Hogs___________ _______ head—Milk____ ________100 pounds..Wheat.......................... bushels..Miscellaneous farm.....................
Furniture and furnishings:Tables . . . . . . .Miscellaneous furniture........ ....
Highway markers............. .............—
4.0) 103 2,420.50112.0 5,449 16,654.151.0 102 101.70
26.0 0) 3,695.202.0 0) 48.40
62.0 7,988 46,553.0552.0 1,532 38,480.502.0 118 1,417.002.0 0) 1,912.952.0 C> 103.603.0 0) 1,500.00
32.0 0) 10,473.56
40.5 310 542.353.0 1,013 445.751.0 350 122.502.0 240 347.603.0 694 3,123.002.0 882 44.101.0 5,338 213.521.0 933 606.45
11.0 6,713 268.521.5 196 205.60.5 209 188.10.5 68 40.80
7.0 3,573 8,384.50.5 136 136.00
5.0 2,187 1,640.2532.0 1,310 3,085.758.0 5,913 2,365.503.0 2,728 806.801.0 0) 68.403.0 10 773.552.0 471 260.456.0 208 2,496.005.0 59 929.255.0 2,590 7,617.824.0 198 118.80
26.0 <>) 8,335.05.5 4 60.00
36.0 C1) ^ 2,962.901.01 150 150.00
i Enumeration impracticable.
103 2,420.505,449 16,654.15
102 101.703,695.20
0) 48.407,988 46,553.051,532 38,480.50
118 1,417.000) 1,912.95
0) 103.601,500.00
0) 10,473.56
310 542.351,013 445.75
350 122.50240 347.60694 3,123.00882 44.10
5,338 213.52933 606.45
6,713 268.52196 205.60209 188.1068 4a 80
3,573 8,384.50136 136.00
2,187 1,640.251,310 3,085.755,913 2,365.502,728 806.80
0) 68.40
10 773.55471 260.45208 2,496.0059 929.25
2,590 7,617.82198 118.80
0) 8,335.054 60.00
0 2,962.90150 150.00
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A.—Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1982, by State, system, and institution—ContinuedSTATE PRISONS—Continued ^
NEW YORK—Continued
Institution, articles produced, and unit
INSTITUTION FOB MALE DEFECTIVEd e u n q u e n t s — c o n t in u e d
Lumber and timber products: Miscellaneous.......................................
Metal products:Aluminum ware_____________Galvanized w are..................... .
Printing and binding: Miscellaneous printing.............................. ...
Repair and shop work................. .Textiles and textile products:
Cotton yard goods, lightp o u n d s . _
Pillowcases________________Sheets.___________________Towels.................................... __Miscellaneous textile products..
HOUSE OF REFUGE
Clothing:Aprons......................................Coats........................................ .Handkerchiefs...........................Overalls.....................................Pajamas and nightgowns_____Pants........................................ .Shirts, work............................. .Shoes, repaired...... .........pairsMiscellaneous.......................... .Miscellaneous, labor only____
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
.542.043.04.0.5
4.0 .5 .5
1.0 17.0
.1
.22.3 2.1
10.51.3
18.11.2
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number
(983,50028,600
0)(9
2,750 691 879
3,671 (9
235 40
2,370 957
1,422 2,136 1,284 9,867
(9 (0
Value
$6.0032,120.84 11,880.091,500.00
8. 75
550.00 138.20 437.50 624.07 79.50
122.0150.00
108.24957.00
1,350.90 4,360. 50
544.05 5,920. 20
740. 70320.00
Public works and ways
Number Value
State account
Number Value
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number Value
(983,50028,600
82,750
691 879
3,671 (9
235 40
2,370 957
1,422 2,136 1,284 9,867
(9 (9
$6.0032,120.84 11,880.091,500.00
a 75
550.00138.20437.50624.0779.50
122.0150.00
108.24957.00
1,350.90 4,360.50
544.05 5,920.20
740.70320.00
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Construction: Alterations andinstallations.................................. .
Farm, garden, and dairy: Miscellaneous farm...................................
Laundry, commercial____ pounds..Metal products: Tinware.......... .....Printing and binding:
Envelopes.__________________Letterheads................. ...............Miscellaneous...................... .....
Textiles and textile products:Pillowcases__________________Sheets..........................................Towels........................................Miscellaneous textile products..
WESTFIELD STATE FARM
Clothing:Aprons______________________Coats_______________________Dresses______________________Overalls______________ ______Pajamas and nightgowns......... .Pants..........................................Underwear.................................Miscellaneous................... .........
Furniture and furnishings: Mattresses...... ...................................
Textiles and textile products:Pillowcases__________________Sheets................. . ..................... .Miscellaneous textile products..
STATE REFORMATORY
Brooms, brushes, and mops:Brooms______________________Brushes_____________________
Clothing*Aprons_________________ _____Coats________ _______ _______Coats, prison________________Handkerchiefs__________ ____ _Hats and caps...........................Hosiery............................pairs.Overalls.....................................Pajamas and nightgowns.........Pants.......................................... .Pants, prison............................. .1 Enumeration impracticable.
7.06.0
10.0 17.01.4 1.1
23.5.2
1.4 1.0.5
1.02.03.02.03.01.01.54.54.03.0
14.01.0
1.2.8
1.09.5 .6
2.24.02.0 .8
2.6 8.6
<052.000 6,291
100,00063.000(9
825 1,127 3,026
(9
646 505
5,124 960
2,383 279
1,027 (9
5,58431,703<9
2,0722,506
800 204
1,247 8,193 2,737
11,322 1, “
401 1,351 2,527
1,184.135.200.00 2,009.60
400.00157.50
6.727.00148.50 919.10 605.20212.00
188.40 490.46
2,332.87 800.00
2,469.11 279.00 255.67 573.32333.50
1,172. 25,462.40
71.90
822.60506.85280.00 334.15
5,798.55 491.58
1,807.25 1,132.20 1,549.90
200.50 1,353.00 7,328.30
<9<952.000 6,291
100,00063.000 (9
825 1,127 3,026
(9
<9
646505
5,124960
2,383279
1,027(9
235,584
31,703(9
2,0722,506
800 204
1,247 8,193 2,737
11,322 1,409
401 1,351 2,527
1,184.135.200.00 2,009.60
400.00157.50
6.727.00148.50 919.10 605.20212.00
26,580.00
188.40 490.46
2,332.87 800.00
2,469.11 279.00 255.67 573.32333.50
1,172.60 25,462.40
71.90
822.60506.85280.00
u, f vo. oo491.58
1,807.25 1,132.20 1,549.90
200.50 1,353.00 7,328.30
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A.—Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in Stale and Federal prisons, 1932, by Stale, system, and institution—ContinuedSTATE PRISONS—Continued
NEW YORK—Continued
COC&
Institution, articles produced, and unit
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number Value
Public works and ways State account Piece price Contract
Number Value Number Value Number Value Number Value
______
C)0)
$6,000.00120,000.00
12 $60.00
_
0) 299.60
Total
Number Value
s t a t e r e f o r m a t o r y —continuedClothing—Continued
Shirts, w ork____Shoes, new_____________pairs..Miscellaneous________ ________
Coffee, roasting__________pounds..Construction:
Alterations and installations___New, other than buildings and
roads________________ _____Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle_________________ head..Corn________________ bushels..Hay____________________tons..Hogs__________________ head..Potatoes-------------- 100 pounds..Miscellaneous dairy...Miscellaneous farm___
Furniture and furnishings:Bureaus, chiffoniers, dressers, etc. Chairs, wood..Desks_____Mattresses.Pillows..Tables----------------Miscellaneous____
____________________ .pieces—Lumber and timber products: Mis
cellaneous.Metal products:
Aluminum ware.Galvanized ware--------------
6.015.0 3.14.02.0
140.01.01.04.02.0 6.0
10.0 33.5
.1
.5(*)
.1
.13.41.5
(2)1.0.1
1.5
4,135 1,778
(0 239,231
12 668.21400 260.00200 2,400.0044 1,243.90
1,927 1,524.009,395.79
<*> 47,775.744 80.00
52 157.902 25.00
110 110.00126 63.00469 627.50
(*> 756.0016 12.00
0) 709.545,000 50.00
437 526.50
4,135 $2,481.001,778 4,445.00
(0 727.10239,231 40,669.27
0) 6,000.00
0 120,000.0024 728.21
400 260.00200 2,400.0044 1,243.90
1,927 1,524.000) 9,395.790) 47,775.74
4 80.0052 157.902 25.00
110 110.00126 63.00469 627.50
0) 756.0016 12.00
0) 1,009.145,000 50.00
437 526.50
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Tinware--------------------------------Miscellaneous------------------------
Printing and binding:Books, blank and bound---------Envelopes___________________Letterheads__________________Miscellaneous_____ _____ _____
Soap and soap powder___ pounds..Textiles and textile products:
Pillowcases.. Sheets.Spreads______________________Towels.....................................Miscellaneous textile products..
Other manufactured products_____SING SING PRISON
Baskets..................... ........... ............Brooms, brushes, and mops:
Brooms______________________Brushes—...................................
Clay, cement, and stone products:Stone, crushed____________tons..
Clothing:Coats________________________Coats, prison---------- --------------Gloves and mittens....... ............Hats and caps_______________Hosiery________________pairs..Overcoats....................................Pajamas and nightgowns______Pants, prison.............. ................Shirts, work................................Shoes, new_____________pairs..Shoes, repaired_________ do___Suits.......................... .................Underwear___________________Miscellaneous............. ................
Construction:Roads, new____________miles..New, other than buildings and
roads.................................. ......Furniture and furnishings:
Mattresses___________________Pillows______________________Miscellaneous..........................
Metal products:Galvanized ware.......... ..............Tags, miscellaneous___________Miscellaneous________________
1.01.26.0.8
2.016.22.0.1.5
1.5.3
2.7
.163.1 35.965.09.3 8.04.0 .4
50.02.1
31.230.13.1
93.0 8.05.1
110.061.1
296.095.019.41.1 1.6
73.52.42.4
579(92,844
167,345317,400(9
346,070
2,0612,327
4949,810
12938,23952,88125,350
495 1,800 7,459 1,200
215,668 200
63,542 16,000 2,596
63,253 10,000
600 199,473 (0
13,6466,786
(931,274
480,003(9
438.10 634.25
2,174.00672.75
1,592.5013,152.85
725.00131.50447.75
1,293.35272.52
2,240.70697.10 193.41
63.3718,224.45 10,383.1461,000.00
507.24 11,700.00
373.69 600.00
22,617.31 3,000.00
30,562.6144.000.00 1,932.88
126,256.0910.000.00 7,500.00
96,414.5434,049.44
69,716.94 4,014.92 1,228.15
55,752.01 . . . .1.789.72....1.840.38....
i Enumeration impracticable.
0.42
<953.000.00.51.000.00.
579(92,844
167,345 317,400 (9
346,0703
2,061 2,327
494 9,810
(9 (9
129
52,88125,350
495 1,800 7,459 1,200
215,668 200
63,542 16,000 2,596
63,253 10,000
600 199,473 (9
0.42
(913,6466,786
(931,274
480,003(9
438.10 634.25
2,174.00672.75
1,592.5013,152.85
725.00131.50447.75
1,293.35272.52
2,240.70697.10 193.41
63.3718,224.4510,383.1461,000.00
507.2411.700.00
373.69 600.00
22,617.31 3,000.00
30,562.6144.000.00 1,932.88
126,256.0910.000.00 7,500.00
96,414.5434,049.4453.000.0051.000.0069,716.944,014.921,228.15
55.752.01 1,789.72 1,840.38
1 Less than one tenth of L CO■<1
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A.—Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1983, by State, system, and institution—ContinuedSTATE PRISONS—Continued
NEW YORK—Continued
CO00
Institution, articles produced, and unit
sing sing prison—continuedPrinting and binding:
Books, blank and bound...........Envelopes....................................Letterheads.................................Miscellaneous..............................
Textiles and textile products:Bags.............................................Blankets......................................Flags...........................................Pillowcases........................ .........Sheets.........................................Spreads............... ............ .........Miscellaneoust extile products..
STATE PRISON FOR MENBaskets...............................................Brooms, brushes, and mops:
Brooms-------- ------- -------------------Clay, cement, and stone products:
Stone, crushed-................tons..Clothing:
Hats and caps.............................Overcoats...................................Pants, prison.............. ...............Shoes, new.......................pairs..Shoes, repaired............ . .d o -----Suits................................... ........Miscellaneous..................... ........
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
6.5 3.25.5
20.8.5.6
15.0 1.1 3.9 3.0
14.0
49.928.019.22.03.0
10.0 22.06.0 8.0 1.0
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number
11,566 481,774 758,550 0)
824 25
3,321 40,118
105,528 27, 750 0)
24,452
2,580 300
5,000 3,360 2,650
7000)
Value
$2,635.211.294.88 2,230.708.474.88
20.04 100. 50
8,167. 65 6,282. 56
23,865. 50 26, 392. 70 12,199.40
Public works and ways
Number
14,819.85 23,125.142.575.00 .1,290.00*.2.850.00 .
11.250.00 .10.505.00 . 2,392.50 _ 7,000.00 .
100.00 .
Value
State account
Number Value
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number Value
11,566 481,774 758,550 0)
824 25
3,321 40,118
105, 528 27,750 0)
24,45239,699
2,580 300
5,000 3,360 2,650
7000)
$2,635.211.294.88 2,230.708.474.88
20.04 100.50
8,167.65 6,282.56
23,865.50 26,392.70 12,199.40
14,819.8523,125.142.575.001.290.002.850.00
11.250.0010.505.00 2,392.50 7,000.00
100.00
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
2574°—33----10
Construction:Hoads, new__r.............. miles..Roads, repaired. _ .....................
Farm, garden, and duiry:Cattle............................... head.Hay................................... tons.Hogs................................. head.Potatoes................. 100 pounds..Wheat______________ bushels.Miscellaneous dairy. ................ .Miscellaneous farm...................
Furniture and furnishings:Beds.......... ............ .................Chairs, wood......... ....................Davenports, sofas, etc...............Desks.........................................Mattresses.................................Pillows.......................................Tables..... ...................................
Highway markers_______ ________Lumber and timber products: Mis
cellaneous...... ...............................Metal products: Auto license tags. Textiles and textile products:
Blankets.....................................Wool yard goods......... pounds.Yarn, cotton and wool__ do___
Other manufactured products........ALL INSTITUTIONS
Baskets............................ .................Brooms, brushes, and mops:
Brooms....... ...............................Brushes...................................... .Mops.......................................... .
Clay, cement, and stone products:Stone, building................. tons.Stone, crushed..................do___
Clothing:Aprons.......................................Coats.........................................Dresses.......................... ...........Gloves and mittens........ pairs.Handkerchiefs........................... .Hats and caps........................ .Hosiery...................................... .Overalls..................................... .Overcoats................................... .Pajamas and nightgowns_____Pants.......................................... .Enumeration impracticable.
79.4111.6
.73.81.01.2.2
6.3
70.0.5
1.5.2
3.02.0 .1
.291.897.064.090.0 3.0
90.595.336.7 6.04.0
124.25.6
46.35.76.0 3.1 8.6
69.015.024.637.8
24,89181,023 55,387 83,412
485 42,1795,641 8,210 5,667 8,341
37,753 13,829
240,886 11,122 5,250
68,082 40,004!
18 1,317.96284 2,976.00321 5,227.79
1,109 928.06221 132.60
0) 13,018.440) 7,871.5312,265 98,933.00
31 449.5035 1,400.008 112.00
3,000 5,250.003,000 1,500.00
3 30.003,954 751.26
0) 175.005,141,684 304,881. 75
80,240 267,438.50122,214 192,175.38382,016 229,209. 600) 1,586.00
15,430.5742,617.94 10,889.99 22,471.0611,382. 25 75,495.501,668. 51
33,601. 30 3,322.37
417.79 1,818.84 6,768.56
25, 375.13 13,012.10 32,102.20 34,844. 42
18.52 0)
$69,815.00 37,665.00
$126.00.
18.52 0)
284321
1,109221
0)0)12,265
31358
3.0003.000
33,954
(95,141,68480,240
122,214 382,016 (l)
24,89181,023 55,387 83,412
485 42,1795,641 8,210 5,667 8,341
37,753 13,829
240,886 11,122 5,250
68,082 40,004
69.815.0037.665.001,443.962.976.00 5,227.79
928.06132.60
13,018.447,871.53
98.933.00 449.50
1.400.00 112.00
5.250.001.500.00
30.00751.26175.00
304,881.75267,438.50 192,175.38 229,209.60
1.586.00
15,430.5742,617.9410,889.9922,471.0611,382.2575,495.501,668.51
33.601.30 3,322.3
417.79 1,818.84 6,768.56
25,375.13 13,012.10 32,102.20 34,844.4298.066.30 00
CO
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b le A*—Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1982, by State, system, and institution—Continued STATE PRISONS—Continued
NEW YORK—Continued
Institution, articles produced, and unit
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number Value
Public works and ways State account Piece price Contract
Number Value Number Value Number Value
iNumber Value
(9 8.00 1.50
19.13 (9<9
$32,580.00228,000.00140,000.00127.815.00 37,665.00
206.600.00
1
23 $186.00______
_____
Total
Number Value
all institutions—continuedClothing—Continued
Shirts, dress_________________Shirts, work................................Shoes, new_____________pairs..Shoes, repaired_________ do___Suits______ ________________Underwear_______—____ ___Miscellaneous........- ................ _Miscellaneous, labor only..........
Coffee roasting...................pounds—Construction:
Alterations and installation—New buildings---------- ---------Railroad..........................miles. _Roads, new_____ _______ do___Roads, repaired...........................New, other than buildings and
roads....................................... .Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle............................... head—Corn________________ bushels—Hay__________ _________tons—Hogs__________________ head—Milk.......................100 pounds—Potatoes______ ____ ____ do-----Wheat..........................bushels—Miscellaneous dairy...................Miscellaneous farm___________Miscellaneous livestock--------
1.536.4
180.050.167.1
120.474.0
.84.09.0
204.025.0
385.4 111.6335.0
8.0 5.1
24.3 16.722.018.2 5.8
25.3 116.9
2.0
2,548 48,416 71,455 38,604 13,144
221,638 (9 0)
239,231
178 1,437 1,418
753 15,000 6,805 1,819
(9 (9 <9
2,548 $1,507.5048,416 37,899.0071,455 152,508.3438,604 29,066.7013,144 64,495.00
221,638 105,529.1191 36,753.31(9 320.00
239,231 40,669.27(9 32,580.00
8 228,000.001.50 140,000.00
19.13 127,815.00(9 37,665.00
(9 206,600100201 5,163.23
1,437 747.041,418 15,147.00
753 12,671.4415,000 44,059.976,805 5,203.761,819 1,161.40
P 28,414.23(9 77,691.17(9 48.40
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATE
S, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Furniture and furnishings:Beds-------------------------------------Benches_____________________Bureaus, chiffoniers, dressers,
etc— _____________________Chairs, wood_________________Da^nports, sofas, etc_________Mattresses___________________Pillows______________________Tables.Miscellaneous.
__ pieces..Highway markers________________Land development: Land improve
ment........................ ......................Laundry, commercial____ pounds..Lumber and timber products: Mis
cellaneous____ _________________Metal products:
Aluminum ware______________Auto license tags_____________Galvanized ware_____________Tags, miscellaneous___________Tinware________ ____________Miscellaneous________________
Printing and binding:Books, blank and bound______Envelopes___________________LetterheadsMiscellaneous..
Repair and shop work____________Soap and soap powder____ pounds..Textiles and textile products:
Blankets_____________________Cotton yard goods, light
pounds..Pillowcases-__Sheets________Spreads____Towels______________________Wool yard goods......... pounds..Yarn, cotton and wool__ do___Miscellaneous textile products..
Other manufactured products_____Total_______________________4,321.0 —
70.0(2)
.163.053.5
.336.63.8 6.0
41.1 (2)
1.8310.0 10.05.7
42.1 91.8
118.0 2.4
18.0
12.5 5.49.0
70.1 .5
2.01.3
97.6396.015.1 8.8
31.53.4
10.7 64.0
102.051.6 35.3
12,265104
8,0711,567
1017,66710,817
0)16
4,104
52,000
0)88,500
5,141,68460,311
480,0036,870
(914,410
749,119 1,168,950
346,0701,203
80,265
3,32453,366
147,92428,42599,558
122,214592,272c;0
98,933.0010.0080.00
47,160.45 39,880.50
137.00 80,160.52 6,046.64 2,134.50 6, 860.00
12.00 901.26
5,200.002.509.14
32,170.84 304,881.75 68,158.60 1,789.722.447.702.474.634,809.212.367.634.055.70
36,447.2131.00
725.00Qd. U
267,539.00194,089.06
8.299.15 9,223.53
57,614.15 26,832.72 17,535.58
192,175.38 300,980.60 22,243.38 12,269.67
-.2,947,435.46
(9 60,000.00
832,660.00 —
(9 299.60
485.60
12.265 104
8,0711,567
1017,66710,817
594<9 16 4,104
(9 52,000
(988,500
5,141,684 60,311
480,003 6,870
<914,410
749,119 1,168,950
<9346,0701,203
80.265
3,324 53,366
147,924 28,425 99,558
122,214 592,272
8
98,933.0010.0080.00
47,160.45 39,880.50
137.00 80,160.526,046.64 2,134.50 6,860.00
12.00 901.26
60,000.005,200.002,808.74
32,170.84304,881.7568,158.601,789.722.447.702.474.634,809.212.367.634.055.70
36,447.2131.00
725.0094.54
267,539.00194,089.06
8,299.15 9,223.53
57,614.15 26,832.72 17,535.58
192,175.38 300,980.60 22,243.38 12,269.67
3,780,581.06
l Enumeration impracticable. * Less than one tenth of 1.
STATE AND
FEDERAL
PR
ISON
S
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A*— Kind, quantity, and valu>e of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1932, by State, system, and institution—ContinuedSTATE PRISONS—Continued
NORTH CAROLINA
to
Institution, articles produced, and unit
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number Value
Public works and ways
Number Value
State account
Number Value
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number Value
INDUSTRIAL FARM COLONY FOR WOMEN
Clothing:Aprons............................. .........Dresses-............................. .......Pajamas and nightgowns.........Underwear......... .......................
Farm, garden, and dairy:Corn________________bushels.Hay................................... tons.M ilk......................100 pounds.
Miscellaneous farm.........................Textiles and textile products: Mis
cellaneous textile products..........STATE’ S PRISON
Clay, cement, and stone products:Concrete pipe................... tons..Stone ,crushed.................... do.
Clothing:Aprons....................................Hats and caps...........................Overalls__________ ___ _____ _Pajamas and nightgowns.........Pants.......................... ............. .Shirts, work......... ....................Underwear..............................Miscellaneous.......................... .
0.1.3.2.2
1.02.04.09.0.2
25.0 268.0
.1
.45.02.0
12.07.03.0 .2
675950
12319412
1160)0)
7,838
1,092 10,344 12,120 8, 712
25,512 26,784 22,152 0)
$16. 75 33.0417.50 26.0297.00
132.00363.00 807.5028.50
65,010.72207,864 $225,189.37
218.40 1,034.40
10,963.003.496.00
25, 512.00 15,289.207.384.00
308.40
(00)
675950
12319412
116
7, i 207,864
1,092 10,344 12,120 8,712
25,512 26,784 22,152 (l)
$16.7533.0417.50 26.0297.00
132.00363.00 807.5028.50
65,010.72 225,189.37
218.40 1,034.40
10.963.003.496.00
25.512.00 15,289.207.384.00
308.40
PKISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATE
S, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Construction:Roads, new____________miles.Roads, repaired.................... .
Farm, garden, and dairy:Cattle............................... head.Com......... ................... bushels.Cotton.............................bales.Cottonseed........................ tons.Farm hands hired out..............Hay......... .......................... tons.Hogs________ _______ ___head.Milk_____________100 pounds.Potatoes............................ do...Wheat...... ....................bushels.Miscellaneous farm...................
Furniture and furnishings:Mattresses...................... ...........Pillows......................................
Metal products: Auto license tags. Printing and binding:
Envelopes__________________Letterheads................ ............Miscellaneous..................... ......
Textiles and textile products:Pillowcases................................Sheets________ _____________Towels.....................................Miscellaneous textile products.
ALL INSTITUTIONS
Clay, cement, and stone products:Concrete pipe....................tons.Stone, crushed..................do...
Clothing:Aprons___________ _________Dresses............ ........................Hats and caps........................Overalls....................................Pajamas and nightgowns.........Pants. .................................... .Shirts, work..............................Underwear................................Miscellaneous...........................
Construction:Roads, new__................. miles.Roads, repaired— ....................
Farm, garden, and dairy:Cattle............................... head.Corn........ ....................bushels.Cotton..............................bales.1 Enumeration impracticable.
47.0382.0
2.0189.0158.029.058.056.027.054.063.0
126.0 261.0
5.01.0
21.02.01.07.01.0 1.0.3
3.0
25.0 268.0
.2
.3
.45.0 2.2
12.07.0 3.2.2
47.0382.0
2.0190.0158.0
1281,862
1,067403
3,64811,65617,799(97,8727,032
706,7501,259,400 1,051,700
(919,008 9,312
20,400 (9
1,159 59
10,344 12,120 8,762
25,512 26,784 22,275(9
1282,056
2.50(9
$15,624.00127,609.24
(9150 15, 624.00
127,609. 24
1,178 621
(9
18,484 (9
1,178
$34,050.536,210.00
18,745.05
3,248.20 11,895.75 21,935.54
34,050.53
207,864 225,189.37
2.50(9
12 81,862 1,178
621(9 1,067
403 3,648
16,545 36,283 (97,8727,032
706,7501,259,4001,051,700
(919,008 9,312
20,400 (9
7,207,864
1,159 59
10,344 12,120 8,762
25,512 26,784 22,275(9
2.50(9
1282,056 1,178
15.624.00 127,609.24
449.9840.931.00 34,050.536,210.00
18.745.0512.084.06 5,856.79
11,677.63 13,511.70 23,350.65 56,341.6210.496.002.930.00
35,337.504,329.02 2,291.20
15,442.261.584.003.104.00
850.006.478.00
65,010 72 225,189.37
235.1533.04
1,034.4010.963.00 3,513.50
25.512.00 15,289.207,410.02
308.4015.624.00
127,609.24449.98
41.028.00 34,050.53
CO
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1982, by State, system, and institution— Continued
STATE PRISONS—ContinuedNORTH CAROLINA—Continued
Institution, articles produced, and unit
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number Value
Public works and ways
Number Value
State account
Number Value
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number Value
a l l i n s t it u t io n s — c o n t in u e d
Farm, garden, and dairy—Contd.Cottonseed........................ tons.Farm hands hired out..............Hay___________________ tonsHogs__________________ head.Milk____________ 100 pounds.Potatoes_______________ do...Wheat..........................bushels.Miscellaneous farm......... .........
Furniture and furnishings:Mattresses__________________Pillows................... - ____ _____
Metal products: Auto license tags. Printing and binding:
Envelopes__________________Letterheads_________________Miscellaneous_______________
Textiles and textile products:Pillowcases_________________Sheets______________________Towels.....................................Miscellaneous textile products.
Total_____________________
29.068.058.027.058.063.0
126.0 270.0
5.01.0
21.02.01.07.01.0 1.0.3
3.2
1,079 403
3,764 11,656 17,799 0)7,872 7,1
706.7501,259,400 1,051,700
0)19,008 9,312
20,400 0)
$12,216.06 5,856.79
12,040.6310.263.50 11,454.90 35,213.5810,496.002.930.00
35.337.504,329.022,291.20
15,442.261.584.003.104.00
850.006,506.50
0)621 $6,210.00
18,745.05
4,1 !M 84
3,248. 20 11,895. 75 21,935.54
621(0 1,079
403 3,764
16,545 36,283 0)7,8727,032
706,760i, 259,400 1,051,700
(019,008 9,312
20,400 0)
$6,210.0018.745.0512.216.06 5,856.79
12,040.63 13,511.70 23,350.65 57,149.1210,496.002.930.00
35,337.504,329.022,291.20
15,442.261.584.003.104.00
850.006,506.60
1,834.0 340,703.35 $143,233.24 96,085.07 $225,189.37 805,211.03
PRISON LABOR
IN TJNITED
STATES,
1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
NORTH DAKOTA
STATE PENITENTIARY
Clothing:Aprons..Hats and caps________________Overalls_____________________Pajamas and nightgowns______Shirts, work__________________Shoes, repaired_________pairs..Suits________________________Underwear____ ______________Miscellaneous labor only______
Construction:Alterations and installations___New buildings______ ______ __New other than buildings and
roads__________ ___________Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle_________________ head..Com____________*__ -bushels..Hay____________________tons..Hogs__________________ head..Milk_____________100 pounds..Potatoes_______________ do—Wheat______________ bushels..Miscellaneous dairy__________Miscellaneous farm___________
Harness...................... ...............sets..Land development: Land improve*
ment_________________ ____ ____Lumber and timber products:
Lumber___________board feet..Miscellaneous________________
Printing and binding:Letterheads__________________Miscellaneous________________
Repair and shop work____________Textiles and textile products:
Bags.................... ........................Binder twine________ pounds-.Pillowcases_____________ _____Rope, twine (not binder) and
cordage____________ pounds..Sheets-----------------------------------
110.2
48,350 0)38.000
890,0876,500
56275.000
541
4,842.151,468.405.712.00 5,978.10
10,293.442,512.50
6.001.800.00
11,319.03110.00
967.00700.0078.50
1,255.0075.00
5,871.75631.63140.50
541.00
------- -------------- --------- ------------ ---------- -------------- ----------- -------- -
0) $25,400.001 6,000.00
(0 1,550.004 $120.00
304 272.211 25.00
30 25.00
0) 1,680.00
<9 111.00
4,153,550 335,34a 53
1
1291824
79924
9211,412
3212
0)0)
0)106
3,975664343
5,2753,045
12
8
(048,350 0)38.000
890,087
4,160,050562
75.000 541
$51.6018.004.80
559.3021.60
460.502,112.00
115.206.00
83.2025,400.006,000.001.550.004,962.15 3,740.615.712.00 6,003.10
10,293.442,537.50
6.001.800.00
11,319.03110.00
1,680.00967.00811.0078.50
1.255.00 75.00
5,871.75 335,972.16
14a 505.250.00
541.00» Enumeration impracticable. * Less than one tenth of L
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity and value of articles produced, in State and Federal prisons, 1932, by State, system, and institution— Continued
STATE PRISONS—Continued NORTH DAKOTA—Continued
Institution, articles produced, and unit
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number Value
Public works and ways
Number Value
State account
Number Value
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number Value
STATE PENITENTIARY— c o n t in u e d
Textiles and textile products—Con.Towels..................... -................Miscellaneous textile products.
Other manufactured products........Miscellaneous, labor only....... ........
Total.......................................
0.7.3
4.01.0
$244.70178.00
2,616.00420.00
1,7380)(')(0
$244.70178.00
2,616.00420.00
197.0 66,442.90 $34,630.00 $335,893.74 436,966.64
OHIO
35.02.01.01.08.05.05.07.02.03.03.0
11,345320677379
0)2,556 5,333
288 1,709
0)0)
$10,875.6048.00
364.70246.35
3,401.23639.00
4,373.00864.00 205.08226.50j 264.2411..........
REFORMATORY FOR WOMEN
Clothing:Dresses.........................................Handkerchiefs................. ...........Shirts, dress................................Underwear.....................- ...........
Farm, garden, and dairy: Miscellaneous farm.................. ...................
Textiles and textile products:Pillowcases...............................—Sheets..........................................Spreads........................................Towels........................ ................Miscellaneous textile products..
Other manufactured products..........
11,345 $10,875.60320 48.00677 364.70379 246.35
0) 3,401.232,556 639.005,333 4,373.00
288 864.001,709 205.08
0) 226.50(0 264.24
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATE
S, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Brooms, brushes, and mops: Mops. Olay, cement, and stone products:
Brick and building tilethousands—
Lime and agricultural limestone............................... tons..
Stone, crushed-................do___•Clothing:
Aprons....................................... .Coats.............................. *...........Gloves and mittens.........pairs. _Handkerchiefs....... ..................Hats and caps................... ..........Hosiery............... ............ pairs..Overalls-................................Overcoats____ ____ ________Pajamas and nightgowns___Pants.....................................Shirts, dress............................Shirts, work...........................Shoes, new__...................pairs..Shoes, repaired_________ d o ...Suits....... ............... ...................Underwear.................................Miscellaneous............................
Construction:Alterations and installations__New buildings. .........................
Farm, garden, and dairy:Hogs..................................head—Miscellaneous farm................
Furniture and furnishings:Mattresses..............................Pillows..................................
Lumber and timber products:Millwork.................................Miscellaneous................ ........
Metal products:Aluminum ware.............. ..........Auto license tags........................Galvanized ware....................Tags, miscellaneous...............Tinware........................ ..............Miscellaneous..............................
Printing and binding: Miscellaneous. Soap and soap powder.......pounds—
STATE PENITENTIARY
1 Enumeration impracticable.
7.0
650.024.0
143.0.1
11.07.08.0 4.8
50.030.07.09.0
13.017.023.09.0
14.026.0 68.41.7
14.090.03.0
25.019.63.0
60.06.0
13.0 136.0
2.02.07.0
63.040.029.0
17,472
20,1881,645
10,035
1,70,404 48,348 3,492
177,955 27,557
762 7,008 3,770
31,178 38,310 4,991
17,206 1,918
102,583 (0
8290)2,8016,2271,470
0)10,212
4,065,481 1,977
520,705 55,349
1,879,576
5,106.53
237,377. i
8,7,2,1,
19,19,6,4,
11,16,22,13,6,
19,45,
142.80 567.10 050.90 350.87 649.85 850.32
1.60.195.00 591.40497.00 561.33 480.39 332.70 581.82589.35214.35 574.11
19,504.2612,340.9612,437.11
747.2439,733.443,395.004,726.34
193,650.63 765.
7,810.58 8,057.2f
26,458.0! 24,767.69 84,635.62
20.
0) $34,000.00 80,000.00
$80.50
75.00
17,472
20,1881,645
10,035494
1,459 70,404 48,348 3,492
177,955 27,557
762 7,008 3,783
31,178 38,310 4,991
17,206 1,923
102,583 (0(0
829C)2,8016,2271,470
(010,212
4,065,481 1,977
520,705 55,349 0)0)
1,879,576
5,106.53
237,377.562,467.769,345.56
142.80 8,567.10 7,050.90 2,350.87 1,649.85
19.850.32 19,869.606.195.00 4,591.40
11,577.5016.561.33 22,480.39 13,332.706,581.82
19.664.3545.214.35
574.1134.000.0080.000.0019,504.26 12,340.9612,437.16
747.2439,733.443.395.004,726.34
193,650.63 765.78
7,810.58 8,057.20
26,458.08 24, 767.69 84,635.62
Si
STATE AND
FEDERAL
PR
ISON
S
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1932, by State, system, and £ nstitution— Continued ^
STATE PRISONS— Continued 00OHIO—Continued
Institution, articles produced, and unit
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number Value
Public works and ways
Number Value
State account
Number Value
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number Value
s t a t e p e n i t e n t ia r y —continuedTextiles and textile products:
Blankets____ ____ _____ _____Cotton yard goods, light
pounds..Pillowcases__________________Sheets_______________________Towels--------- --------------- ---------Wool yard goods_____ pounds..Yam, cotton and w ool...do__Miscellaneous textile products..
Other manufactured products_____THE LONDON PRISON FARM
Brooms, brushes and mops:Brushes_______________________
Clothing:Coats, prison............................. .Qloves and mittens------- pairs..Hats and caps------ -----------------Overalls--------- -----------------------Pants, prison________________Shirts, work------ --------------------Uniforms, prison................ .......
Construction: New buildings--------Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle_________________ head-Com____________ __ bushels..Hay___________________ tons..Hogs__________________ head-
45.0229.0
1.0.9
1.060.0
135.0 1.5
15.0
5.05.04.01.05.09.02.0
10.0100.0
6.025.02.06.9
10,177225,195
5,: 4,346
13,108 53,306
246,017
8
1,995247
9,379501
1,764402
1,218
$31,942.0067,132.29
854.55 2,449.60 2,034.76
56,379.70 99,110.48
813.80 34,402.90
214.481,624.50
964.50 147.60
1,135.401.253.00
780.507.928.00
14320,000
852358
4,631.436,000.00
11,786.238,156.35
$100,000.00
10,177 $31,942.00225,195 67,132.29
5,203 854.554,346 2,449.60
13,108 2,034.7653,306 56,379.70
246,017 99,110.480) 813.800) 34,402.90
1,995 214.48247 1,624.50
9,379 964.50501 147.60
1,764 1,135.40402 1,253.00
1,218 780.50528 7,928.00
1 100,000.00143 4,631.43
20,000 6,000.00852 11,786.23358 8.156.35
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATE
S, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Miscellaneous dairy.Miscellaneous livestock..
Harness..................................Land development: Land improve
ment.....................................Textiles and textile products:
Pillowcases_____________Sheets.Miscellaneous textile products..
STATE REFORMATORY
Clothing:Coats..Hats and caps.Overalls______Pants________Shirts, dress...Shirts, work____________Shoes, new____ ________ ;Suits__________________Uniforms, prison_______ ______
Construction: Alterations and installations................ ............
farm , garden, and dairy:Corn____Hay_____
_______bushels.__________tons.
Miscellaneous dairy___Miscellaneous farm..
Furniture and furnishings:Beds................................. .Bureaus, chiffoniers, dressers,
etc------------------------------------Chairs, wood.............................Davenports, sofas, etc________Desks______________________Tables______________________Miscellaneous...........................
Textiles and textile products:Pillowcases______________Sheets---------- -----------------
Other manufactured products____i Enumeration impracticable.
5.0 . 26.0 . 124.0
.14.0
6,2721
8 369.0 ---------------L02.02.0
2501,361
<9
56.010.0 11.048.0
. 10.016.0
. 120.066.023.0
2,988 4,670
10,136 12,832 5,076 8,996
44,385 6,918 1,313
50.0. 10.0 _ 20.0
6.0 . 37.0
5.0 . 65.0
85.0
143 11,186
924 636
5,202
899.0 2,6313.0
. 315.06.0
51.0 . 59.0
15.0 L 140.0
6714,126
153556965
83.04.02.0 L0
4,8023,692
<9(9
2,822.401 60,688.61 94,099.16
206.68 1,490.50
50.001,020.75
497.60
18,051.88 2,155.16 8,828.62
42,341.29 3,887.78 5,843.80
114,734.96 74,607.47 10,293.92
24,544.502,260.00
48,994.75 3,705.00
19,627. 50 20,033.25
---------
---------
10,000.00
~ — -------------- ------------- ----------------- -------------: : z z z
(9
----------- : z : z z--------- ------------------------------ -----------------
--------- -----------------25 $154.00
-----------------: : : : : : : : : : : : :
15 262.00------------- -----------------
--------- -----------------
1 45,000.00 ------------ -------------- ------------- ----------------- ------------- -----------------
-------------- ------------- -----------------
-----------------
----------------- --------------- -------------
6,272
10)
1,361 0)
2,988 4,670
10,136 12,857 5,076 8,996
44,3851,313
143 11,186
924 636
5,202
82,631
6714,126
153556965
84,8023,f“
?>h
2,822.4050,588.6194,099.16
206.581,490.50
10,000.0050.00
1,020.75497.60
18,051.88 2,155.16 8,828.62
42,495.29 3,887.785.843.80
114,734.9674,869.4710,293.9245,000.005,837.943.355.80
10,194.00 12,806.572,340.90
77,080.6551,135.9824.544.502,260.00
48,994.753,705.00
19.627.50 20,033.259,554.25
31,768.271,244.682,894.13
683.48360.00
CD
STATE AND
FEDERAL P
RISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Table A,—Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1932, by State, system, and institution—Continued
STATE PRISONS—ContinuedOHIO—Continued
Cr*O
Institution, articles produced, and unit
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number Value
Public works and ways
Number Value
State account
Number Value
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number Value
ALL INSTITUTIONSBrooms, brushes, and mops:
Brushes...................................... .Mops.......................................... .
Clay, cement, and stone products: Brick and building tile
thousands.. Lime and agricultural lime
stone................... .......... tons..Stone, crushed..................do___
Clothing:Aprons....................................... .Coats.......................................... .Dresses....................................... .Gloves and mittens.........pairs..Handkerchiefs........................... .Hats and caps...................... .....Hosiery.............................pairs..Overalls.......................................Overcoats........... ...................... .Pajamas and nightgowns......... .Pants...........................................Shirts, dress................................Shirts, work................................Shoes, new..... ..................pairs..Shoes, repaired*.................do___Suits........................................... .Underwear..................................Uniforms, prison.... ...................Miscellaneous............................
Construction:Alterations and installations— New buildings------- ---------------
5.07.0
650.024.0
143.0.1
72.035.011.0 10.0 15.850.046.07.09.0
70.028.041.0
129.014.092.0 69.433.0 1.7
64.0190.0
1,995 17,472
20,1881,645
10,035494694345783668663955457762008004931524376206836962841
4,11,79,48,8,
177,
7, 17, 36,48,49, 17,8,
102,1,
0)
$214.48 5,106.53
237,377.562,467.76 9,345.56
142.80 28,243.48 10,875.608.015.40 2,398.87 3,952.61
19,850.32 29,833.62 6,195.004.591.40
55,091.2920.813.81 29,104.69
128,067.66 6,581.82
94.196.82 45,460. 70 18,221.92
574.11
38 $234.50
337.00
0) $79,000. 00180,000.00
V 17,472
20,1881,645
10,035494
4,<11,345 79,783 48,668 8,663
177,955 39,457
762 7,008
17,042 36,931 48,524 49,376 17,206 8,856
102,962 1,841
0)0)
$214.48 5,106.53
237,377.562,467.76 9,345.56
142.80 28,243.48 10,875.608.015.40 2,398.87 3,952.61
19,850.32 29,833.62 6,195.004.591.40
55,325.7920.813.8129.104.69
128,067.666,581.82
94.533.8245.460.70 18,221.92
574.1179,000.00
180,000.00
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATE
S, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Farm, garden, and dairy:Cattle...............................head—Corn............................. bushels..Hay....................................tons..Hogs.................. ..............head—Wheat.......................... bushels..Miscellaneous dairy...................Miscellaneous farm._............ . . .Miscellaneous livestock.............
Furniture and furnishings:Beds............. ........ .......................Bureaus, chiffoniers, dressers,
etc............................................ .Chairs, wood..............................Davenports, sofas, etc................Desks...........................................Mattresses_________ _______—.Pillows-.....................................Tables........................................ .Miscellaneous.......................—
Harness..................................... sets..Land development: Land improve
ment..................... ..........................Lumber and timber products:
Millwork.................................... .Miscellaneous............................ .
Metal products:Aluminum ware........................ .Auto license tags........................Galvanized ware.........................Tags, miscellaneous....................Tinware— ................—..............Miscellaneous.............................
Printing and binding: Miscellaneous printing............ ......................
Soap and soap powder.......pounds—Textiles and textile products:
Blankets..................... : ...........Cotton yard goods, light
pounds.Pillowcases................................Sheets.........................................Spreads ......................................Towels........................................Wool yard goods......... pounds.Yarn, cotton and wool.—do___Miscellaneous textile products.
Other manufactured products_____Total......................................... 3,886.0
16.045.0 8.0
46.910.091.0
242.0 .1
99.03.0
315.06.0
51.0 19.63.0
59.015.04.09.0
60.06.0
13.0136.0
2.0 2.07.0
63.0180.029.045.0
229.010.011.97.03.0
60.0135.0
8.519.0
31,186 1,776 1,823
11,474
8<92,631
67 14,126
153 556
2,801 6,227
965(9
1,470(910,212
4,065,481 1,997
520,705 55,349 (9(9
1,879,57610,177
225,195 12,811 14,732
288 14,817 53,306
246,017 (9 (9
10,469.37 9,355.80
21,980.23 40,467.18 5,163.30
127,669.26 160,977,33
206.5824,544. 502,260.00
48,994. 75 3,705.00
19,627. 50 12,437.16
747.24 20,033.25 9,554. 25 1,490.50
39,733.44 3,395.004,726.34
193,650. 63 765.78
7,810. 58 8,057.20
26,458.0856,535.96 84,635. 6231,942.00
132. 29 788.23737.48 864.00 239.84 379.70110.48 221.38 027.14
_,2,020,618.18
(9 10,000.00
269,000.00
1 Enumeration impracticable.
286 31,186 1,776 1,823
11,474 (9 (9 (9
10,469.37 9,355.80
21,980.23 40,467.18 5,163.30
127,669. 26 160,977.33
206.582,631 24,544.50
67 14,126
153 556
2,801 6,227
965(9
36
2,260.00 48,994.75 3,705.00
19,627.50 12,437.16
747.24 20,033.25 9,554.25 1,490. 50
(9 10,000.001,470
(939,733.44 3,395.00
10,212 4,065,481
1,977 520,705 55,349 (9
4,726.34 193,650.63
765.78 7,810.58 8,057.20
26,458.08
(91,879,576
56,535.96 84,635.62
10,177 31,942.00225,195 12,811 14,732
288 14,817 53,306
246,017 (9 (9
67,132.29 2,788.23
10.737.48 864.00
2,239.84 56,379. 7099.110.48 2,221. 38
35,027.142,290,189.68
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A#— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1932, by State, system, and institution— Continued
STATE PRISONS— Continued OKLAHOMA
O it o
Institution, articles produced, and unit
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number Value
Public works and ways
Number Value
State account
Number Value
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number Valuo
29,856 $5,638.63
3,715 21,637.0649
4,092 1,012,242
16,040 2,446 1,278
186.97 513.17
591,142.77 35,337.12 3,444.12 9,280.22
0) 9,172.795,000
1670)
2,000.001,835.43
42,526.211,5391,225
8,624.871,333.60
3,3181,6331,377
0)678,525
9,142 (»)
16,296.833,825.67
230.30955.65
49,908.984,919.438.081.39
STATE PENITENTIARY
Brooms, brushes, and mops: Brooms. Clay, cement, and stone products:
Brick and building tilethousands. _
Clothing:Coats_____________________Hats and caps---------------------Pants--- --------- -------------------Shoes, new_____________pairs..Shoes, repaired__________do-----Suits............................ ................
Construction: Alterations and installations...... ................................
Farm, garden, and dairy:Corn________________ bushels—Hay....................................tons—Miscellaneous farm---------------
Furniture and furnishings*Beds..................................... —Benches—..................................Bureaus, chiffoniers, dressers,
etc________________________Mattresses----------------------------Pillows--------------------------------Miscellaneous........—................
Metal products: Auto licenses tags. -Highway markers........... ..................Printing and binding: Miscellaneous.
15.0
160.01.02.0
953.036.04.0
32.020.04.04.0
91.037.05.0
68.0 10.01.04.0
25.03.0
14.0
4,476 $845.79
371 2,163.7149 186.97
4,092 513.17198 783.77
16,040 35,337.122,446 3,444.121,278 9,280.22
5,000167
0)
2,000.00 1,835.43
42,526.21
106 693.121,633 3,825.671,377 230.30
0) 955.65678,525 49,908.98
9,142 4,919.430) 8,081.39
0)
25,380
3,344
$4,792.84
19,473.35
1,012,044 $590,359.00
!9,172.79
1,5391,2253,212
8,624.871,333.60
15,603.71
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATE
S, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Repair and shop work............ .........Textiles and textile products:
Binder twine________ pounds..Rope, twine (not binder), and
cordage____________ pounds-STATE REFORMATORY
Clay, cement, and stone products:Stone, crushed____________ tons—
Clothing:Pants.............Shirts, work_.Shoes, new____ ________pairs—Shoes, repaired_________ do___Suits.............................................
Farm, garden, and dairy:Com________________ bushels—Cotton________________ bales—Cottonseed---------------------tons—Hay_______________ ____ do-----Miscellaneous farm products—
ALL INSTITUTIONS
Brooms, brushes, and mops: Brooms Clay, cement, and stone products:
Brick and building tilethousands..
Stone, crushed__________ tons—Clothing:
Coats------------Hats and caps—Pants_________Shirts, work___Shoes, new.. ________pairs—Shoes, repaired-------------- do___Suits....................... ....................
Construction: Alterations and installations.......................................
Farm, garden, and dairy:Corn-_____ __________bushels. .Cotton________________ bales.Cottonseed_____________ tons..Hay—__________________do__Miscellaneous farm__________
Furniture and furnishings:Beds________________________Benches____________________Bureaus, chiffoniers, dressers,
etc—...................... ..................
22.098.060.0
300.09.03.06.03.03.03.0
10.01.0 2.0
65.0
15.0
160.0300.0
1.02.0
962.03.0
42.07.0
35.020.07.0
10.01.0 6.0
156.037.0 5.0
68.0
(*>
3,0803,6961,9933,385
1502,130
330)
4,476
371
4,0923,2783,696
18,0335,8311,428
7,130
(0200
106
12,058.13
3,850.00 1,293.6“ 2,798.05 _ 1,692.75 1,312.50
852.00
360.00 20,417.96
845.79 .
2,163.71
186.97 _ 513.17 _
4,633.77 1,293.6'
38,135.17 _ 5,136.87
10,592.72
2,852.00
2,195.43 62,944.17
>3.12i Enumeration impracticable.
1,700,402677,024
8,610
25,380
3,3448,610
1,5391,2253,212
70,753.7036,488.57
7,653.27
3,015.00 155.14
4,792.84
19,473.357,653.27
3,015.00 155.14
8,624.871,333.
15,603.71
1,012,044 590,359.00
-I c> 12,058.131,700,402 70,763.70
677,024 36,488.57
8,610 7,653.273,0803,6961,9933,385
150
3,850.00 1,293.60 2,798.05 1,692.75 1,312.50
2,130941233
0)
852.00 3,015.00
155.14360.00
20,417.96
29,856 5,638.63
3,7158,610
21,637.067,653.27
494,092
1,015,3223,696
18,0335,8311,428
186.97 513.17
594,992.77 1,293.60
38,135.17 5,136.87
10,592.72
0) 9,172.797,130
9412
200(0
2.852.003.015.00
155.142,195.43
62,944.171,5391,225
8,624.871,333.60
3,318 16,296.83O lOO
STATE AND
FEDERAL
PR
ISON
S
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A,— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1932, by State, system, and institution—Continued
STATE PRISONS— ContinuedOKLAHOMA—Continued
Cn
Institution, articles produced, and unii
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number Value
Public works and ways
Number Value
State account
Number Value
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number Value
a l l in s t it u t io n s — c o n t in u e d
Furniture and furnishings—Contd.Mattresses.................. ................Pillows______________________Miscellaneous.......................... ..
Highway markers............................ .Metal products: Auto license tags.. Printing and binding: Miscellaneous.Repair and shop work......................Textiles and textile products:
Binder twine...............pounds..Rope, twine (not binder), and
cordage..................... pounds..Total....................................
10.01.04.03.0
25.014.022.098.060.0
1,633 1,377
0)9,142 678, 525 0)0)
$3,825.67 230.30 955.65
4,919.43 49,908.98 8,081. 39
12,058.131,700,402
677,024$70,753. 70 36,488.57
2,064.0 212,166.04 $9,172.79 167,894.05 $590,359. 00
1,633 1,377
(99,142 678,525 0)0)
1, 700, 402 677,024
$3,825.67 230.30 955.65
4,919.43 49,908.98 8,081.39
12,058.1370,753.7036,488.57
979,591.88
OREGON
STATE PENITENTIARY
Bakery products, commercialpounds..
Clay, cement and stone products: Lime and agricultural limestone
tons..
0.7 5,226
7.0 301
$261.30
1,429.18 1,314 $7,138.57
6,226
1,615
$261.30
8,567.75
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATE
S, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Clothing:Aprons____ __________________Coats.......................................... .Hats and caps________________Hosiery.............................pairs..Overalls.......................................Pajamas and nightgowns_____Pants.............................. .........Shirts, work__________ ______ _Shoes, new_____ _______ pairs..Shoes, repaired....... ..........do___Suits........................................... .Uniforms, prison_____________Miscellaneous________________
Construction:Alterations and installations__New, other than buildings and
roads....................................... .Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle............. ...... ........... head..Flax industry....................tons..Hogs......... ........ ............... head..Milk_____________100 pounds..Potatoes............................ do___Miscellaneous farm....................
Furniture and furnishings:Benches_____________________Tables______ ________________Miscellaneous............................ .
Land development: Land improvement.............................................. .
Lumber and timber products: Miscellaneous...................................... .
Printing and binding:Books, blank and bound______Envelopes.......................... .........Letterheads__________________Miscellaneous..................... .......
Textiles and textile products:Pillowcases_______ __________Sheets.............. ................ ..........Towels______________________
Total______________________
.31.2.6
11.02.6.1
2.4 7.7
17.02.0
13.8 .3 .1
26.8.2.5
170.94.09.5
15.4 48.6
.3
.4
.63.0.1.2.3.3
3.2.3.3
352.0
480 584 904
5,971 2,101
48 1,470 4,026 l ,r '~ 1,820
529 56
14501
4,508 0)
300300
(0
(0120
63.00054.000 0)
1,2002,0002,500
168.00 2,995.92
223.20 537.39
2,140.30 21.06
2,795.48 3,423.055.348.00
827.845.819.00
36.40
298.997,493.067,655.422,726.96
10,248.74225.00300.00600.00
51.7548.00
160.04101.20
1,207.72204.00
1,000.00325.00
58,672.00
0)0)
(0
$70,428.24500.00
1,000.00
71,928.24
(0
201,077
51.75
680.00 5? 50
61.50126,763.00
134,700.32
480584904
5,9712,101
481,4794,0261,9481,820
56956|
0)0)0)
34 1,077
501 3,828 4,508
(0300300
(0 (0 0)
12063.00054.0000)
1,2002,0002,500
168.002,995.92
223.20 537.39
2,140.3021.06
2,847.233.423.055.348.00
827.846.499.00
36.405.50
70,428.24500.00360.49
126,763.007.493.06 7,655.42 2,726.96
10,248.74225.00300.00600.00
1,000.0051.7548.00
160.04101.20
1,207.72204.00
1,000.00325.00
265,300.56
i Enumeration impracticable.
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1932, by State, system, and institution—Continued g j
STATE PRISONS—Continued 0PENNSYLVANIA
Institution, articles produced, and unit
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use Public works and ways State account Piece price Contract Total
Number Value Number Value Number Value Number Value Number Value Number Value
STATE INDUSTRIAL HOME
Clothing:Presses______________________
1.11.5 .1
1.5 1.0.9
1.51.01.0
10.01.01.0
36.0.1.2.4
1.7
.24.8 .1 .2 .8
41.0
681364139602299521
0)25 84
3,266 1,056
(l)0)
11965
394C9
7203,152
4686,4083,588
187,500
$234.20455.00 15.10
626.78224.25191.00 881.60473.17
1,104.3711,686.11
681364139602299621
(02586
3,2661,056
811965
3940)
7203,152
4686,4083,588
187,600
$234.20455.00 15.10
626.75224.25191.00 381.50473.17
1,127.62 11,586.11 1,267.20 1,564.50
10,954.7029.7548.75 66.80
308.25
323.75 6,971.25
103.35306.90897.00
19,064.31
Hats and caps- __ ______Overalls-_____ —______ - ___Pajamas and nightgowns---------TTnderwear.. _ __________Miscellaneous________________
Farm, garden, and dairyCattle_________________ head—TTncw _ dn 2 $23.25Milk_____________100 pounds..Potatoes_______________ do-----Miscellaneous dairy___________Miscellaneous farm------------------
Textiles and textile products:PjllA^r^QM
1,267.201,664.50
10,919.3129.7548.75 66.80
308.25
323.756,971.25
103.35306.90
--------- ----------------- 0) 35.39
Sheets_______________________Towels ___ _______________Miscellaneous textile products—
EASTERN STATE PENHTENTIARY
Clothing:
Gloves and mittens-----------------HanflkArphfefo.... -------------
---------------------------- ------------- -----------------
Hats and caps .. .................. . 897.00Hosiery ____ ___ pairs— 19,064.31 _________
PBISON LABOB
IN TJNITBD
STATE
S, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Pajamas and nightgowns______Pants. ......... .......Shirts, work____Shoes, new_____Shoes, repaired__Suits..
_pairs-_do_.
Underwear..Miscellaneous________________
Construction:Alterations and installations___New buildings......... ........... .......New, other than buildings and
roads______________________Farm, garden, and dairy:
Com________________ bushels——tons— ..head..
Hay_Hogs.Potatoes_________ 100 pounds..Wheat______________ bushels..Miscellaneous farm___________
Land development: Land improvements______________
Printing and binding:Envelopes_______Letterheads.Miscellaneous________________
Repair and shop work____________Textiles and textile products:
Cotton yard goods—Light____________pounds..Heavy_____________ do___
Flags________________________Pillowcases----------------------------Sheets.Towels______________________Miscellaneous textile products..
Other manufactured products_____STATE INDUSTRIAL REFORMATORY
Clothing:Coats, prison------Pants, prison____Shirts, work___
Farm, garden, and dairy: Cattle-------------Corn..
..head.___ ______________ bushels—
Hay___________________ tons..Hogs----------------------------head-.Milk------------------- 100 pounds..Potatoes----------------------- do-----
* Enumeration impracticable.
.11 159 145.9511.9 16,201 25,112.7512.5 18,998 10,271.38
104.0 37,796 99,925.2018.0 6,740 7,095.238.8 1,609 12,868.25
24.1 47,414 17,010.67.1 0) 53.40
1.0635.1
4.03.2 750 337.501.0 62 984.003.0 216 3,340.625.0 1,192 1,597.354.2 1,918 1,169.98
13.6wu: q
0) 6,206.02
2.6 477,500 2,009.271.8 461,000 1,428.55
33.6 0) 25,712.3410.0
12.4 15,626 8,426.2326.6 34,493 17,819.30
.9 18,708 1,194.97
.8 4,224 899.802.7 7,994 3,717.64.9 7,500 1,093.75
67.1 1,462.708.0 (0 5,246.39
15.3 1,383 5,076.524.2 632 1,395.456.1 2,984 2,221.521.0 39 816.714.8 2,148 966.607.1 176 2,808.007.0 262 7,355.04
12.0 6,352 22,932.323.0 1,316 1,454.19
— —___ _____
—— ------________ __ ____ . . . . .
----------------(9
10
(9
$1,121.001,012,889.00
4*567.00----------- -------------- -------------
(9 222,349.00 ----------------- ------------- -----------------
(9 504.65 -------------
(9 5,354.25
-------------- ------------- ----------------- -------------, , _ , „-----------------
----------------- ------------n M__, ___________
159 16,201 18,998 37,796 6,740 1,
47,414 0)(0
10
0)750 62
216 1,192 1,918
0)0)
477,500461,000
8
145.95 25,112.75 10,271.38 99,925.20 7,095.23
12,868.25 17,010.67
53.401,121.00
1,012,889.004,567.00
337.50 984.00
3,340.62 1,597.35 1,169.98 6,206.02
222,349.002,009.27 1,428.55
25,712.34 504.65
15,62634,49318,7084,2247,9447,500
8
1,383632
2,984
2,148176262
6,3521,316
8,426.2317,819.301,194.97
899.803,717.641,093.756,816.955,246.39
5.076.52 1,395.452.221.52
816.71966.60
2,808.007,355.04
22,932.321,454.19
3
STATE AND
FEDERAL
PR
ISON
S
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A.—Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1932, by Stale, system, and institution—Continued
STATE PRISONS—ContinuedPENNSYLVANIA—Continued
O l00
Institution, articles produced, and unit
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number Value
Public works and ways
Number Value
State account
Number Value
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number Value
8TATE INDUSTRIAL REFORMATORY—continued
Farm, garden, and dairy—Contd.Wheat..........................bushels..Miscellaneous farm................... .
Furniture and furnishings:Bureaus, chiffoniers, dressers,
etc............................................Chairs, wood................. ............Davenports, sofas, etc________Desks______ _______ _________Tables........................................ .Miscellaneous.............................
Lumber and timber products: Miscellaneous.................. ....................
Printing and binding:Envelopes___________________Letterheads_______________Miscellaneous.............................
Textiles and textile products:Pillowcases.... .................. ..........Sheets........... ...............................Towels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Miscellaneous textile products..
WESTERN STATE PENITENTIARYBrooms, brushes, and mops:
Brushes_______________ _______ _Clothing:
Aprons___________ ___________Coats..........................................
2.441.7
6.017.24.2
19.0 23.84.3.5
1.0.6
18.41.74.04.1 2.6
2.0
.45.0
1,254 0)
202 5,783
278 503
1,010 0)0)
113,950 55,069 0)2,4133,019
11,566<9
13,6381,2123,276
$742. 68 19,560.85
6,596.59 18,794.79 4,463.55
20,585.02 26,204.73 4,761.78
475.95414.39265.64
8.411.28579.12
1,630.261.358.29
824.68
% 843.57525.00
6,898.22
1,254(l)
$742.6819,560.85
2025,783
278503
1,010<*)
6,596.59 18,794.79 4,463.55
20,585.02 26,204.73 4,761.78
0) 475.95113,95055,0690)
414.39265.64
8,411.282,4133,019
11,566(0
579.12 1,630.26 1,358.29
824.68
13,6381,2123,276
2,843.57525.00
6,898.22
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATE
S, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Oloves and mittens.........pairs..Hats and caps.....................Overalls.............................Pajamas and nightgowns. _Pants________ ___________Shirts, dress_____________Shirts, work_____________Suits___ ______ __________Underwear______________Miscellaneous________________
Highway markers__Metal products:
Auto license tags.Tags, miscellaneous___________Miscellaneous________________
Textiles and textile products:Bags........................................Blankets__________________Cotton yard goods:
Light.......................-pounds..Heavy____________ pounds
Pillowcases__________ ______ _Sheets______________________Towels_____ _______ _______Miscellaneous textile products—
STATE PENITENTIARY AT ROCKVIEWConstruction:
Alterations and installations___New buildings.................... .......New, other than buildings and
Farm, garden, and dairy:Cattle____ ____________ head—Corn________________bushels..Hay---------- ------------------- tons—Hogs_____________ _____ head..Milk_____________ 100 pounds.Potatoes_______________ do-----Wheat____ __________bushels..Miscellaneous dairy_____ _____Miscellaneous farm___________Miscellaneous livestock_______
ALL INSTITUTIONSBrooms, brushes, and mops:
Brushes_______________________Clothing:
Aprons______________________Coats------------------------------------Dresses----------------------------------
.2
.65.91.3
20.0.5
8.08.91.4 .8
74.82.3 .1
.442.361.4 32.31.54.81.02.3
60.027.022.03.0
20.06.09.0
20.324.0 8.0 1.7
136.1.9
2.01.7
25.11.5
6003,822
10,3322,872
15,905570
12,8461,4662,100
(05,3293,799,702
683,976 0)
2929,117
77,521 36,462 7,— 9,284
10,502 0)
13,6382,5137,811
364
212.501814.66
8,069.75 1,788.65
27,078.40656.60
10,928.8212,016.861,706.251,092.483,405.47
322,979.20 10,110.73
360.00514.67
27,351.0030,810.88 20,865.54 2,012.51 6,489.97 1,267.78 3,024.30
4,659.78 5,788.80 7,712.00 5,292.77
30,223.43 12,558.50 4,054.06 2,495.28
118,477.67 1,156.46
2,843.571,082.95
18,945.99456.00
0) $35,000.0023.000.0018.000.00
i Enumeration impracticable.
(0 $101.67.
600 3,822
10,332 2,872
15,905 570
12,846 1,465 2,100
0) 5,329
3,799, 702 683,976 0)
2929,117
77,521 36,462 7,.— 9,284
10,502 0)
13,6382,5137,811
364
212.50814.66
8,069.75 1,788.65
27,078.40656.50
10,928.82 12,016.861,706.25 1,092.48 3,405.47
322,979.20 10,110.73
36a 00514.67
27,351.0030,810.88 20,865.54 2,012.51 6,489.97 1,267.78 3,024.30
0) 35,000.002 23,000.00
0) 18,000.0099 4,659.78
12,864 5,788.80482 7,712.00287 5,292.77
10,460 30,223.4310,046 12,568.606,646 4,064.06
0) 2, "95.280) 118,579.340) 1,156.46
2,843.571,082.95
18,945.99455.00
<5CO
STATE AND
FEDERAL
PR
ISON
S
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A ,—Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1982, by State, system, and institution—ContinuedSTATE PRISONS—Continued
PENNSYLVANIA—Continued
o>O
Institution, articles produced, and unit
all institutions—continuedClothing—Continued
Gloves and mittens_____pairs—Handkerchiefs________ _______Hats and caps________________Hosiery_______ ________pairs. _Overalls....... ..............................Pajamas and nightgowns...........Pants______ _________________Shirts, dress__________________Shirts, work_________________Shoes, new____ ________pairs. _Shoes, repaired__________do___Suits________________________Underwear____ ______________Miscellaneous________________
Construction:Alterations and installations___New buildings.......... ..................New, other than buildings and
roads............ . ..........................Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle_________________ head—Corn________________ bushels. _Hay........................... ........tons—Hogs.................................head—Milk____________ 100 pounds—Potatoes.......................... -do-----Wheat................... ...... bushels—Miscellaneous dairy...... ........ .Miscellaneous farm......... .......Miscellaneous livestock_____
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
0.3.2
1.541.07.42.4
36.1 .5
26.6104.0 18.0 17.7 26.42.4
61.0662.126.05.0
28.013.1 20.0 42.3 33.0 14.62.7
227.4.9
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number
1,16,408 7,549
187,500 10,834 3,330
32,738 570
34,828 37,796 6,740 3,074
50,035(9
163 15,762
720 84S
20,078 13,610 9,818
(9 (9 (9
Value
$315. 306.
1,726. 19,064. 8,596. 2,158.
53,586.656.
23,421. 99,925. 7,095.
24,885. 18,907. 1,527.
5,949.66 7,092.90
11,504.00 17,092.80 64,741.86 16,877.24 5,966. 72 4,059.78
155,163.85 1,156.46
Public works and ways
Number
(9
(9
Value
$36,121.00 1,035,889.00
22,567.00
State account
Number
(9
Value
$23.25
137.06
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number
7,187,10,3,
34,37,6,3,
50,<9(9
163 i, 762
720 851
1,078 1,610 ►,818
Value
$315.85 306.90
1,726. 76 19,064.31 8,J59f>. 50 2,158.85
53,586.60 656.50
23,421.72 99,925.20 7,095.23
24,885.11 18,907.92 1,527.38
36.121.00 1,035,889.00
22.567.005,949.667,092.90
11.504.00 17,116.05 64,741.86 16,877.245,966.72 4,059.78
155,300.91 1,156.4ft
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Furniture and furnishings: Bureaus, chiffoniers,
etc.................................Chairs, wood___________Davenports, sofas, etc___Desks_________________Tables.Miscellaneous________________
Highway markers........... .................Land development: Land improve
ment..................... ................. .......Lumber and timber products: Mis
cellaneous....................... ........ .......Metal products:
Auto license tags_____________Tags, miscellaneous___________Miscellaneous________________
Printing and binding:Envelopes___________________Letterheads.Miscellaneous___________
Repair and shop work_______Textiles and textile products:
Blankets_____________________Cotton yard goods, light
pounds.. Cotton yard goods, heavy
pounds..Flags________________________Pillowcases___ ____________ __Sheets_______________________Towels______________________Miscellaneous textile products-.
Other manufactured products_____TotaL.
6.017.24.2
19.0 23.84.3
205.9
74.82.3 .1
3.62.4
52.010.0
.442.363.858.9
.94.1
11.76.4
73.7 8.0
202 5,783
278 503
1,010 0) 5,329
0)3,799,702
683,976 0)
591,450 516,069 (0
292 9,117
93,14770,955 18,708 14,624 20,312 29,962 (*)<9
2,148.0________
475.95
39,237.11
1,194.97
3,786.62 5,619.93 5,246.39
1,169,130.22
0) 222,349.00
_
0) 504.65
0) 5,354.25
1,316,926.00 6,019.21
202 5,783
278 503
1,010 <95,329
0)0)
t, 779,702 683,976 0)
591,450 516,069 0)0)
292 9,117
93,14770,955 18,708 14,624 20,312 29,962
0)
6,596.5918,794.794,463.55
20,585.0226.204.73 4,761.78 3,405.47
222,349.00475.95
322,979.2010.110.73
360.002,423.66 1,694.19
34.123.62 504.65514.67
27,351.0039,237.1138,684.84 1,194.97 3,521.18
11.886.62 3, 786.62
10,974.185,246.39
2,492,075.43
RHODE ISLAND
STATE PRISONClothing:
Aprons................. ...................Hats and caps____ _________Overalls......... .............. ...........Pajamas and nightgowns____Pants.......................................Shirts, work_________ ______i Enumeration impracticable.
L0 104 $26.00L0 438 131.402.0 514 390.501.0 17 5.954.0 1,519 3,038.00
303.0 1,881 1,128.60
104 $26.00131.40438
514 390.5017 5.95
1,519 994,629
3,038.00392,276.35992,748 $3§i, 147.75
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISONS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1932, by Stale, system, and institution Continued
STATE PRISONS— ContinuedRHODE ISLAND—Continued
Institution, articles produced, and unit
s t a t e p e is o n — continuedClothing—Continued.
Shoes, repaired_________pairs. _Uniforms, prison-.................... .
Construction: New, other thanbuildings and roads...................... .
Farm, garden, and dairy:Com___________ ____ bushels. _Hay____________ _______ tons—Milk_____________100 pounds—Potatoes............................do—Miscellaneous farm....................
Printing and binding: Miscellaneous..............................................
Textiles and textile products: Pillowcases.............. —.......................
REFORMATORY FOB WOMEN
Clothing:Hats and caps________________Overalls.................................. —Pajamas and nightgowns......... .Shirts, dress......... ................. .
Farm, garden, and dairy: Miscellaneous farm......................................
Other manufactured products--------
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
2.02.0
43.01.02.01.03.0
33.09.01.0
.21.0.3
7.52.0L0
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number
1,800253
98208
2,6350)(0
13829678
348
8
Value
$1,080.00 1,138.50
49.504,576.004,392.00
35,005.153,46a 13
57.60
34.50 222.00 69.42
313.20267.55695.09
Public works and ways
Number
0)
Value
$12,556.00
State account
Number
198
Value
$870.46
Piece price
Number
16,130
Value
$4,132.50
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number
1,
0)98
208198
2,60)(0
13829678
16,478
8
Value
$1,080.00 1,138.50
12,556.0049.50
4.576.00 870.46
4.392.00 35,005.153,460.13
57.60
34.50222.0069.42
4,445.70267.55605.09
PEISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Clothing:Aprons____________________Hats and caps______________Overalls...................................Pajamas and nightgowns____P ants................................... .Shirts, dress_______________Shirts, work_____ __________Shoes, repaired_________pairs..Uniforms, prison........ ..............
Construction: New, other thanbuildings and roads................. ......
Farm, garden, and dairy:Corn________________ bushels,.Hay____________ _______ tons..Milk____________ 100 pounds—Potatoes...... ..................... do___Miscellaneous farm....................
Printing and binding: Miscellaneous.................................................
Textiles and textile products: Pillowcases.............. ............ ..............
Other manufactured products_____Total______________________
ALL INSTITUTIONS
L01.23.0 L34.0 7.5
303.02.0 2.0
43.01.0 2.0 1.03.0
35.00.01.01.0
421.0
10457681095
1,519348
1,8811,800
253
98
2,6350)
<*)
0)
26.00165.90612.5075.37
3.038.00 313.20
1,128.601.080.00 1,138.50
49.504,576.004,392.00
35,272.703,460.13.
57.60695.09
56,081.09
(0 12,556.00
12,556.00
198 870.46
870.46
16,130 992,748
4,132.50 391,147.75
395,280.25
10457681095
1,51916,478
994,6291,800
0)98
208198
2,635(90)
(0
26.00165.90612.5075.37
3.038.00 4,445.70
392,276.351.080.00 1,138.50
12,556.0049.50
4.576.00 870.46
4.392.00 35,272.703,460.13
57.60695.09
464,787.80
SOUTH CAROLINA
392980980
$392.00980.00735.00
1 $81,000.0071
12,000 _ _ _2.500.004.800.00
350140500
$9,246.80 1,570.77 6,000.00500
6250)
6,000.00 9,500.00
16,175.00
12,294 10,577
$37,013.94 90,191.57
STATE PENITENTIARY
Clothing:Overalls____ _______________Pants________ _____________Shirts, work............................
Construction: New buildings___Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle............................... head..Com_________ ______ bushels—Cotton------------ ------------ bales..Cottonseed........................ tons..Hay...................................do___Hogs.................................head—Miscellaneous farm.....................
Furniture and furnishings:Chairs, fiber................................Chairs, wood_________________* Enumeration impracticable.
0.41.1.8
50.09.0
392 $392.00980 980.00980 735.00
1 81,000,0071 2,500.00
12,000 4,800.00350 9,246.80140 1,570.77
1,000 12,000.00.625 9,500.00
0) 16,175.00,12.294 37,013.9410.577 90,191.57
oCO.
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A•—Kind, quantity, and vaZue of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, by State, system, and institution—ContinuedSTATE PRISONS—Continued
SOUTH CAROLINA—Continued
Institution, articles produced, and unit
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number Value
Public works and ways
Number Value
State account
Number Value
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number Value
STATE PENITENTIARY— C on tin u ed
Furniture and furnishings—Contd.Davenports, sofas, etc________Tables______ ____ ___ ___ ___Miscellaneous_______________
Highway markers............................Metal products: Auto-license tags. Textiles and textile products:
Pillowcases__________________Sheets________________ ______
Total_______________ ______
80.05.02.0 2.0
18.0
1.9
2,000292,000
5.7105.710
$1, 500.00 14,600.00
704.25 1,713.00
9,225 2,034
0)
$101,297.33 6,147.92 1,729.14
459.0 59,599.25 $81,000.00 $16,817.57 236,379.90
9,225 2,034
0) 2,000 292,000
5.7105.710
$101,297.33 6,147.92 1,729.141.500.00
14,600.00704.25
1.713.00393,796.72
SOUTH DAKOTA
STATE PENITENTIARY
Clay, cement, and stone products: Stone, crushed..................... tons.
Clothing:Aprons.........—.............- .........Coats__________________ ____Dresses.......................................Gloves and mittens....... .pairs.,Hats and caps............................Overalls_____________________
0.5
(*)(2) ‘
3,00012121024
1,632810750
$2,250.0047.20
780.00 24.00
163.20228.00 538.70
3,000121 210 24
1,632 810 750
$2,250.0047.20
780.00 24.00
163.20228.00 538.70
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Pajamas and nightgowns--------------Pants...........................................Shirts, work___________ _____ _Shoes, repaired_________pairs..Underwear__________________ _Miscellaneous________________
Construction:New buildings_______________Boads, new..................... miles..New, other than buildings and
roads........................................Farm, garden, and dairy:
Corn________________ bushels..Cattle_________________ head..Hay___________________ tons..Hogs__________________ head..Milk_____________100 pounds..Wheat..........................bushels..Miscellaneous dairy__________Miscellaneous farm___________
Highway markers_____ __________Metal products: Auto license tags Printing and binding:
Envelopes___________________Letterheads__________________Miscellaneous________________
Repair and shop work............ .........Textiles and textile products:
Binder twine............... pounds..Pillowcases................... ............ .Rope, twine (not binder), and
cordage_______ ____ pounds..Sheets______________ _______ _Towels....................................... .Miscellaneous textile products..
Other manufactured products........ .Total______________________
<*>.7.4
2.0.2
<*)10.01.01.02.61.24.02.09.0 .6 .3
17.33.09.1.4.2
4.4(’)167.0
.14.01.1 .2 .1
1.0405.0
79260
1,2773,050
I<9
2,4624
4864,298
716
4,934 399,32665,97532,370
3,550732
1,647 3,190
8
66.801.040.00
637.502.150.00
351.0025.00
984.80400.00
4,860.008,386.60
358.00 544.32
9,927.874,832.71
13,676.92263.90 113.30
4*036.50 71.00
247.50183.00
1.647.00 382.80 204.00
2.400.0061,821.62
1.000.50
0)
$40,000.001,250.002,000.00
43,250.00
1,33110
132
0)
6,095,050
80,434
$532.40 693.85
2,977.2374.70
261.40
410,176.17
8,627.32
423,343.07
79260
1,2773,050
864(9
10.50
(93,793
14486309
4,298848
84,934399,32665,97532,370<9 (9
6,098,600732
80,4341,6473,190
8
66.801.040.00
637.502.150.00
351.0025.00
40,000.001.250.002,000.001,517.201,093.854.860.00 2,977.23 8,386.60
432.70 544.32
10,189.27 4,832.71
13,676.92263.90 113.30
4,036.5071.00
410,423.67183.00
8,627.321.647.00
382.80204.00
2.400.00528,414.69
STATE PENITENTIARY
Clothing:Coats, prison----------------------Hats and caps---------------------Hosiery________________pairs..Overalls___________________
4.7.3
120.0.3
TENNESSEE
2,2752,724
324
$10,507.80650.88723.00
1,597,104 $93,164.402,2752,724
1,597,104324
l Enumeration impracticable. * Less than one tenth of 1.
$10,507.80 650.88
93,164.40 723.00
O Or
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A*— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1982, fry State, system, and institution— Continued
STATE PRISONS— Continued TENNESSEE—Continued
a>o
Institution, articles produced, and unit
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number Value
Public works and ways
Number Value
State account
Number Value
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number Value
STATE PENITENTIARY—ContinuedClothing—Continued
Pants, prison____ ____________Shirts, work____ _______ _____Shoes, new....................... pairs. _
Farm, garden, and dairy:Cattle..............................head..Hogs..................................do—Miscellaneous farm...................Miscellaneous livestock............
Metal products: Castings, .pounds. Textiles and textile products:
Pillowcases__________________Sheets______________________Towels_____ ________________
BRUSHY MOUNTAIN PENITENTIARYCoal mining............... .............tons.Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle.................... .........head..Com_____________ — bushels—Hay................................... tonsHogs.......... .......................head—Milk.................. ...100 pounds—Potatoes............................do.Miscellaneous dairy................Miscellaneous farm............... .
Other manufactured products___
7.6950.5
2.232.436.040.25.4
174.0.1.2
615.02.03.07.02.09.03.02.0
11.0 35.0
6,3245,1064,026
$16,658.70 3,137.76
10,380.24
8 '
153 1,797.75 8,000.00
410.90
1,116 l , f “ 3,240
73,419
1,80114530
3,261766
0)0)(0
133.20475.20 324.00
66,825.47489.50 720.20
1,742.40 462.00
13,917.05 958.05
2,260.60 2,992. 57
13,680.58
3,360,000 $1,088,893.00
8$5,743.38 4,643. 75
221. 72 574.95
6,324 3,365,106
4,026111 551
8,445,000 160,455.008
90,763 93,497.46
8,445,0001,116 V 3,240
164,1828
1,801 145 30
3,261 766
0) 4,719.6180)
$16,658.70 1,092,030.76
10,380.245,743.38 6,441.50 8,221.72
985.85 160,455.00
133.20475.20 324.00
160,322.93489.50 720.20
1,742.40 462.00
13,917.05 958.05
2,260.60 2,992.57
18,400.19
PRISON LA?OR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Clothing:Coats, prison______________Hats and caps......... ..............Hosiery............... ............ pairs..Overalls___________________Pants, prison______________Shirts, work__________ ____Shoes, new_____________pairs..
Coal mining..........................__tons..Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle............................... head—Corn-------------------------bushels..Hay___________________ tons..Hogs.................................head..Milk_____________100 pounds..Potatoes............................do.Miscellaneous dairy________Miscellaneous farm_________Miscellaneous livestock_______
Metal products: Castings.,pounds._ Textiles and textile products:
Pillowcases________________Sheets......................................Towels...... ..............................
Other manufactured products___Total....................................
ALL INSTITUTIONS
4.7.3
12a 0.3
7.6950.5
2.2615.034.43.07.0
38.09.03.02.0
51.25.4
174.0.1.2.1
35.02,063.0
2,275 2,724
3246,3245,1064,026
73,4198
1,801145183
3,261766
1,116 V 3,240
(0
10,507.80650.88723.00
16,658.70 3,137.76
10,380.24 66,825.47
489.50720.20
1,742.402,259.75
13,917.05958.05
2,260.6010,992.57
410.90
133.20475.20 324.00
13,680. 58157,247.85
90,763111
0)
93,497.465,743.38
4,643.75
221.72574.95
4,719.61109,400.87
1,597,104
3,360,000
8,445,000
93,164.40
1,088,893.00
160,455.00
1,342,512.40
2,275 2,724
1,597,104 324
6,324 3,365,106
4,026 164,182
1191,801
145581
3,261766
8,445,0001,116 1,980 3,240
(9
10,507.80 650.88
93,164.40723.00
16,658.701,092,030.76
10,380.24160,322.93
6,232.88720.20
1,742.40 6,903.50
13,917.05958.05
2,260.6011,214.29
985.85160,455.00
133.20475.20324.00
18,400.191,609,161.12
TEXAS
15 $1,343.55
85 613.18
5 $364.086.94
PRISON STSTEM
Agricultural implements_____Clothing:
Aprons...............................Coats..................................Hats and caps___________Pants..................................Shirts, work_____________ ___Shoes, new------------------- pairs. _Shoes, repaired.................do___Underwear...............................
Construction: New buildings___1 Enumeration impracticable.
9.0 301.0 8613.0 4,4942.0 10,518
15.0 30,87317.0 30,09796.0 29,930
3,7033.011.0
140.03Q,616
$2,687.20287.00
1,954.891,669.22
10,188.0911,135.8961,743.792,778.007,435.66
45861
4,49410,51830,87330,09730,0153,703
30,6165
$4,03a 75287.00
1,954.89 1,669.22
10,188.09 11,135.89 62,356.97 2,778.00 7,435.66
364,086.94
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
STATE PRISONS—Continued TE X AS—Continued
T a b l e A*— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1982, by Stale, system, and institution—Continued
Institution, articles produced, and unit
Average
number of pris-em
ployed
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number Value
Public works and ways
Number Value
State account
Number Value
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number Value
p r is o n s y s t e m — continuedFarm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle_________________ head—Corn________________ bushels. _Cotton________________ bales—Cottonseed____________ tons—Hay___________________ do-----Hogs............... ............. head—Miscellaneous farm— ...........
Printing and binding: Miscellaneous printing________ ____________
Repair and shop work......................Textiles and textile products:
Pillowcases________________Sheets_____________________Towels____________________Miscellaneous textile products..
48.0 ,364.0 ,850.0274.0137.032.0
275.025.0
151.02.04.01.0 2.0
951325,000
$27,201.68162,500.00
4,! 1,560
(9
811,822 11,750 14,108 (0
71,920.0018.248.3059.039.3014,624.0872,330.461,027.33 2,402.98
352.70 913.90
11,4234,992
$416,969.7553,585.04
(9
Total__ 4,462.0 530,440.47 $364,086.94_______ 477,044.90
951325,00011,4234,9924,9601,560
<9
811,822 11,750 14,108(9
$27,201.68 162,500.00 416,969.75 53,585.04 71,920.0018.248.3059.039.3014,624.0876,863.841,027.332,402.98
352.70913.90
1,371,572.31
UTAH
(9 36 $5.404.0 1,320 660.001.0 372 130.201.0 1,000 850.00
480 $270.00
STATE PRISON
Clothing:Aprons____________________Overalls____ _______________Shirts, work...........................Shoes, repaired--------------pairs—
36 $5.401,800 930.00
372 130.201,000 850.00
168 PRISON
LABOR IN
UNITED STATES,
1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Farm, garden, and dairy:Cattle........- ____ _______ head..Hay___________________ tons..Hogs_____________ _____ head..Milk_______ _____ 100 pounds..Potatoes..................... ...... do___Miscellaneous dairy__________Miscellaneous farm___________
Textiles and textile products:Sheets_______________________Towels______________________
Total______________________
.51.2.02.01.9.5
22.4
(2)(2)37.0
18108
1,062.30450.00
1,314.00 5,317.55
308.00 565.90
5,169.0813.5010.80
15,856.73
______----------------- ------------ --------------
------------- ------------------------------ -----------------
14 50.00 ------------- ----------------- inII!
-----------------
.......... -----------------(9 396.34
-------------
-----------------716.34 ------------- -----------------
32 1,062.3075 450.0073 1,314.00
1,650 5,367.55660 308.00
565.90(9 5,565.42
18 13.50108 10.80
______ 16,573.07
VERMONT
STATE PEISON AND HOUSE OF CORRECTION FOB WOMEN
Laundry, commercial____ pounds..STATE PRISON AND HOUSE OF
CORRECTION FOR MENClothing: Shoes, new............ pairs..Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle_________________ head-Hay___________________ tons..Hogs__________________ head—Milk_____________100 pounds..Potatoes........................... do___Miscellaneous farm.................
Printing and binding: Miscellaneous printing................................
ALL INSTITUTIONSClothing: Shoes, new---------- pairs..Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle-------------------------- head..Hay___________________ tons,.Hogs__________________ head—Milk------------------- 100 pounds..Potatoes_______________ do___Miscellaneous farm....................
Laundry, commercial........pounds..Printing and binding: Miscel
laneous printing________________Total______________________
36.0
175.02.05.02.0
10.04.0
29.03.0
175.02.05.02.0
10.04.0
29.0
3.0266.0
16600151
3,9104,560
<9<9
16 600 151
3,910 4,560
(0
(9
$742.75 6,000.00 2,958.84 9,535.95 3,040.00
16,352.50750.00
742.75 6,000.00 2,958.84 9,535.95 3,040.00
16,352.50
750.0039,380.04
148,720
1324
240<9(0
24240
<9148,720
<9
$15,689.53
1,752.46138.00160.00180.12645.56
1,752.46138.00160.00 180.12
15,689.53645.56
18,565.67
159,121
159,121
$233,870.03
233,870.03
233,870.03
148,720
159,12129
600175
3,9104,800
<9(9
159,12129
600175
3,9104,800
(9148,720
(9
$15,689.53
233,870.032,495.216,000.003,096.849,535.953,200.00
16,532.621,395.56
233,870.032,495.21 6,000.00 3,096.84 9,535.95 3,200.00
16,532.62 15,689.531,395,56
291,815.74
1 Enumeration impracticable. * Less than one tenth of 1.
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1982, by Stale, system, and institution—Continued
STATE PRISONS—ContinuedVIRGINIA
O
Institution, articles produced, and unit
Aver- Number and value of articles produced under each systemage
number of pris-
State use Public works and ways State account Piece price Contract Total
em-ployed Number Value Num*
ber Value Number Value Number Value Number Value Number Value
0.1 67 $16.75 67 $16.75 157.50 66.60
.8 350 157.50 350
.4 87 66.60 87
.6 285 104.25 285 104.251.1 600 206.80 600 206.80
15.0 0)350
163.05 0)350
163.05.5 98.00 98.00
1.1 405 212.95 405 212.95.6 220 110.00 220 110.00.3 470 63.45 470 63.45.5 (0 92.40 0)
44
92.40
.1 44 42.30 42.30
38.0 34,1217,124
$29,374.207,292.07
34,1217,124
240
29,374.207,292.07
80.00
10.0.1 240 80.00
2.0 2,6404,140
1325.940.001.035.00
110.002,6404,140
1325.940.001.035.00
110.00.6.1
309.0 14,62815,7945,580
17,980.2511,575.402,790.00
423,550 $264,718.75 438,178 15,794 5,657
282,699.0011,575.402,843.10
5.02.0 77 53.10
STATE INDUSTRIAL FARM FOR WOMEN
Clothing:Aprons__________ __________Dresses........................ ................Overalls.......................................Pajamas and nightgowns______Underwear..................................
Farm, garden, and dairy: Miscellaneous farm........................... ........
Textiles and textile products:Pillowcases..................................Sheets__________ ____________Spreads........................................Towels.................................. ......Miscellaneous textile products. .
STATE PENITENTIARY
Baskets...............................................Clay, cement, and stone products:
Lime and agricultural limestone tons..
Stone crushed....... ...........do___Clothing:
Aprons..Coats....,Hats and ca]Pajamas an*Pants.........................................Shirts, work................. ........... .
is, repaired................ pairs.
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Construction:Alterations and installation.Hoads, new............... ...... miles..
Furniture and furnishings:& Benches......................................3? Bureaus, chiffoniers, dressers,
etc________________________Chairs, fiber_________________Chairs, wood................... ..........Davenports, sofas, etc________Desks_______________________Mattresses___________________Pillows______________________Tables_______________________Miscellaneous_______ _____ ___
Lumber and timber products: Miscellaneous_____________________
Metal products:Auto-license tags_____________Miscellaneous------------------------
Printing and binding:Envelops____________________Letterheads----------- ----------------Miscellaneous printing________
Repair and shop work........... ..........Textile and textile products:
Pillowcases__________________Sheets______Towels_________
STATE IABMClothing:
Pants..Shirts, work___________ ______Shoes, repaired_________ pairs.
Construction: New buildings_____Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle_________________ head..Corn________________ bushels—Hay------------------------------tons..Hogs_____—_______ ____ head—Milk------------------- 100 pounds—Wheat______________ bushels—Miscellaneous farm____ _______Miscellaneous livestock________
Furniture and furnishings: Mattresses.Pillows_____________________t Enumeration impracticable.
20.01,097.0
2.380.080.058.012.0 1.0.3
12.0
4.0
16.0107.023.079.0 2.0.8.2
46 183.84130 1,382.90
2,467 7,242.38325
1,4281,308
397<9
8,010.592,391.90
539.554,640.423,098.22
<9 2,758.481,022,858
(940,519.04
374.852,144,2001,103,100
8
4,563.431,952.46
13,662.37227.60
5,0406,3249,696
1,155.00 3,636.30
848.40
1,3221,2771,870
________
1,211.85847.30935.00
219,400
35081,838
845.504.418.004.200.00
169.804,165.25
811,305.62
121.95375375
628.13151.56
<9163.74$37,817.97
2,876,235.80------------- -----------------
21 213.2310,5848,0352,901
$39,790.1134.192.4728.236.48
551(9
2,287.37 3,472.97
(95,450
24,0000)
265.0029.0079.75
556.00
395,160 246,981.25
1 65,000.0050
5,390593.88
2,532.60142
5,1547,069
8
2,599.71 11,679.88 3,866.80 2,211.89
97.10
--------- -----------------
--------- ----------------- „ „ li, _
(9163.7437,817.97
2,876,235.8046 183.84
15110,58410,5022,901
3251,4281,308
948(9
1,596.13 39,790.11 41,434.85 28,236.48 8,010.59 2,391.90
539.55 6,927.79 6,571.19
(9 2,758.481,022,858
(940,519.04
639.852,149,650 1,127,100
<9(9
4,592.432,032.21
14,218.37227.60
5,0406,3249,696
1,155.00 3,636.30
848.40
396,4821,2771,870
1
248,193.10 847.30 935.00
65,000.0071
14,790350150
6,9927,069
<9
1,439.386,950.604,200.002,769.51
15,845.133,866.80
13,517.51219.05
375375
628.13151.56
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1982, by State, system, and institution—Continued ^
STATE PRISONS—ContinuedVIRGINIA—Continued
Institution, articles produced, and unit
Average
number of pris-em-
ployed
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number Value
Public works and State account
Number Value Number Value
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number Value
s t a t e f a r m — continuedTextiles and textile products:
Pillowcases___________________Sheets_______________________Towels____ __________________
ALL INSTITUTIONSBaskets........................................ ......Clay, cement, and stone products:
Lime and agricultural limestone tons..
Stone, crushed__________do___Clothing:
Aprons-------------------------- --------Coats-------------------------------------Dresses______________________Hats and caps............................Overalls............................... ........Pajamas and nightgowns...........Pants...........................................Shirts, work................................Shoes, repaired—.............pairs—Underwear--------------- --------
Construction:Alterations and installations___New buildings.............................Roads, new......................miles—
Farm, garden, and dairy:Cattle........ .......................head—Corn________________bushels—Hay___________________ tons—
0.2.7.1
.1
38.010.0
.22.0.8.6
860 1,575 1* 575
44
$195.50 767.63 116.81
42.30
34,1217,124
$29,374.20 7,292.07
485.6.03.01.1
20.040.0
1,697.08.0
41.025.0
307 2,640
350 4,140
87 417
15,950 17,071 7,450
600
96.755.940.00
157.501.035.00
66.60214.25
19,192.10 12,422. 703.725.00
206.80
818,710 $511,700.0077 63.10
0) 1.00
163.74$37,817.9765,000.00
2,876,235."21
9,400350
845.504.418.004.200.00
505,390
593.88 2,532.60
8501.5751.575
44
$195.50767.63116.81
42.30
34,1217,124
3072,640
3504,140
87417
834,66017,0717,527
600
(,) ! 163.74
7114,790
350
29,374.207,292.07
96.755.940.00
157.501.035.00
66.60214.25
630,892.10 12,422.70 3,778.10
206.8037,817.9765,000.00
2,876,235.801,439.386,960.604.200.00
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Hogs__________________ head—Milk____________ 100 pounds..Wheat........ ..................bushels-Miscellaneous farm-----------------Miscellaneous livestock-----------
Furniture and furnishings:Benches............................. .........Bureaus, chiffoniers, dressers,.Chairs, fiber_________________Chairs, wood_________________Davenports, sofas, etc________Desks_______________________Mattresses___________________Pillows______________________Tables_______________________Miscellaneous.............................
Lumber and timber products: Miscellaneous_____________________
Metal products:Auto license tags_____________Miscellaneous________________
Printing and binding:Envelopes-----------------------------Letterheads__________________Miscellaneous________________
Repair and shop work------ ------------Textiles and textile products:
Pillowcases__________________Sheets_______________________Spreads______________________Miscellaneous textile products..
Total________________ ______ 2,944.0
16.0107.023.094.0 2.0.2
2.380.0 80.058.012.0 1.8.5
12.011.14.0
26.01.06.03.1
18.8
1.13.1.6.7.5
46130
2,467325
1,803 1, i—
397(0 0)
1,022,858 0)
2,144,200 1,103,100
0)(06,240 8,304
220 11,741 (0
169.80] 4,165.25
11,468.67121.95183.84
1,382.907,242.388,010.59 3,020.03
691.114.640.42 3,098.222,758.48
40,519.04374.85
4.563.43 1,952.46
13,662.37 227.60
1,448.50 4,616.88
110.00 1,028.
92.40168,112.33
142 5,154 7,i0)0)
21
(05,450
24 000
2,979,053.77 _______ 61,444.21
9.7111,679.883,--------2,211.89
97.10
213.23
265.0029.0079.75
556.00
511,700.00
10,5848,0352,901
0)
$39,790.1134.192.4728.236.48
2,287.37 3,472.97
107,979.40___
150 6,992 7,‘ “
46151
10,58410,5022,901
325V 1,
9480)0)
1,022,858 0)
2,149,650 1,127,100
86,240 8,304
220 11,741 (0
2,769.51 15,845.13 3,866.80
13,680.56 219.05183.84
1,596.13 39,790.11 41,434.85 28,236.48 8,010.59 3,020.03
691.11 6,927.79 6,571.192,758.48
40,519.04
4,592.432,032.21
14,218.37227.60
1,448.504,616.88
110.00
92.403,828,289.71
WASHINGTON
0.6.2
41082
$75.01355.40432.00.3 96
9.55.0
19.029.4
10,780638
1,061.8531.90
27,1208,038
3,390.00 6,192.98
216 $27.0016a 00192 __ ________ ___________
STATE PENITENTIARY
Clothing:Aprons_________________Coats----------------------------Coats, prison.....................Gloves and mittens.........pairs..Hats and caps___________Hosiery________________pairs—Overalls___________________i Enumeration impracticable.
$75.01355.40432.00
1,061.8531.90
3,417.006,352.98
•<1CO
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1932, by State, system, and institution— Continued
STATE PRISONS—ContinuedWASHINGTON—Continued
<1
Institution, articles produced, and unit
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number Value
Public works and ways
Number Value
State account
Number Value
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number Value
state penitentiary—continuedClothing—Continued
Overcoats............................ .......Pajamas and nightgowns--------Pants_______________________Shirts, work............................... .Shoes, new_____________pairs..Shoes, repaired__________do—Suits.______________________ _Underwear___________________Uniforms, prison_____________Miscellaneous..................... .......Miscellaneous, labor only_____
Construction: New buildings_____Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle............................... head..Farm hands hired out.............. .Hay....................................tons..Hogs............... - ................ head..Milk........... ........... 100 pounds..Potatoes............................do— .Wheat......................... .bushels..Miscellaneous dairy........... .......Miscellaneous farm............ ...... :
Furniture and furnishings:Benches.......................................Bureaus, chiffoniers, dressers,
etc........................................... .Chairs, wood...........- ................ .Tables..............~ ................ .......Miscellaneous............................ .
3.2 .4
6.47.0
30.02.0
16.48.7i:o.5
1.048.0
.2ao2.8 9.0 1.63.3 .7
10.271.5
.7
81.2.1
84230
8982,4567,4081,700
4674,384
740)
240) 373
320 966
2,716 2,113
0)0)
483
0)
11
125
$4,63400 12.60
1,415.16 1,424.08
21,391.75 517.48
5,137.00 2,169.21
38.00 96.95
858.00 2,920.00 2,858.36 6,582.08 1,329.38 1,410.79 1,324.88 8,699.49
60,956.77442.7012.003.00
254.2579.40
150 $451.40 53.35
$81,06a 02(0 406.60
17 228.00
0) 3,807.23
842 $4,634.0030 12.60
898 1,415.162,456 1,424.087,558 21,843.151,789 570.83
467 5,137,004,384 2,169.21
74 38.0096.95
b) 406.60i 81,060.02
41 1,086.00(0 2,920.00
373 2,858.36320 6,582.08966 1,329.38
2,716 1,410.792,113 1,324.88
0) 8,699.490) 64,764.00
483 442.701 12.001 3.00
125 254.250) 79.40
PKISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Highway markers............................ .Lumber and timber products:
Boxes_________ ______________Miscellaneous________________
Metal products:Auto license tags_____________Galvanized ware_____________Tags, miscellaneous__________Tinware_____________________Miscellaneous______ _________
Printing and binding:Envelopes.............. ....... ........... .Letterheads....................... .........Miscellaneous............................ .
Soap and soap powder___ pounds..Textiles and textile products:
Bags............................................Pillowcases__________________Sheets_______________________Towels_____________ ________ _Miscellaneous textile products..
Other manufactured products........ .STATE REFORMATORY
Clay, cement, and stone products:Miscellaneous_________________ _
Clothing:Aprons___ ____ ________ _____ _Gloves and mittens........ pairs..Hats and caps...........................Overalls....................................Pajamas and nightgowns.........Pants.......................................... .Shirts, work_________________ _Shoes repaired__________pairs..Suits___ _______ _____________Underwear___________________Uniforms, prison_____________
Farm, garden, and dairy:Cattle............................... head..H ay..._________________ tons..Hogs__________________ head..Milk....................... 100 pounds..Potatoes............................do___Miscellaneous dairy................ .Miscellaneous farm....................
Furniture and furnishings: Mat-
16.0 3,539 4,035.42.3 423 317.50.4 0) 247.12
46.0 828,538 45,569.652.4 581 423.152.0 1,500 57.001.6 1,761 197.729.0 0) 215.281.4 935,000 8,242.751.0 112,000 443.856.6 0) 4,490.651.0 68,830 1,394.40
(’) 8 1.20.2 4,959 856.35.3 2,653 1,995.70.4 2,966 425.75.3 (0 55.90
10.0 (0 11,101.04
2.0 0) 668.25.1 128 20.62.5 1,360 94.50
(a) 32 4.801.5 1,276 1,042.25
(2) 12 16.20(2) 32 64.00
1.0 1,231 816.301.0 1,600 450.00
14.0 536 6,432.00.5 534 646.76
2.0 603 1,567.80.2 49 741.30
10.0 210 1,576.882.0 132 3,141.96
12.8 11,099 15,349.8832.1 12,660 4,376.303.0 3,618.26
68.9 to 12,300.534.0 2,449 7,907.50,
92 36.80
0) 12.84
0)
(0
50.50
636.30
14 287.75
4,000 1,000.00
(0 1,500.00
3,631 4,072.22423
0)317.50247.12
828,538581
1,5001,761
0)
45,569.65 423.15 57.00
197.72 228.12
935.000112.000 0)68,830
8,242.75443.85
4,490.651,394.40
84,9592,6532,966
0)0)
1.20856.35
1,995.70425.7555.90
11,151.54
0)128
1,36032
1,2761232
1,2311,600
636634
63210132
11,09916,660
8 2,449
1,304.5520.6294.504.80
1.042.25 16.20 64.00
816.30 450.00
6,432.00 546.76
1,567.801,029.051,576.883,141.96
15,349.885,376.303.618.26
13,800.537,907.50
* Enumeration impracticable. 1 Less than one tenth of 1.
STATE AND
FEDEBAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1982, by Stale, system, and institution—ContinuedSTATE PRISONS—Continued
WASHINGTON—Continued
a>
Institution, articles produced, and unit
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number Value
Public works and ways State account Piece price Contract
Number Value Number Value Number Value Number Value
0) $185.00
______
(*) 636.30
____________
216192
27.00160.00
_______
__
15089
451.40 53.35
Total
Number Value
STATE REFORMATORY—ContinuedPrinting and binding:
Letterheads............................... .Miscellaneous............................
Textiles and textile products:Pillowcases______________ ____Sheets_________ ____ ________ _Towels........... ............................ .Miscellaneous textiles________
ALL INSTITUTIONSClay, cement, and stone products:
Miscellaneous_________________Clothing:
Coats_______________________Gloves and mittens_____pairs.Hats and caps...........................Hosiery________________pairs. .Overalls-----------------------------Overcoats— ----------------------Pajamas and nightgowns------Pants------------ -------------------Shirts, work-----------------------Shoes, new--------------- — pairs—Shoes, repaired_________ do-----Suits----------------------------------Underwear------------ -------------Uniforms, prison-----------------
1.012.0
(2) .1(*)
2.0.7.5
10.05.0
19.0 30.93.2 .4
6.48.0
30.03.0
30.49.23.0
171,000 0)
1,40
1,255 0)
0)538 178
12,130 670
27,120 9,314
842 42
930 3,687 7,408 3,200 1,003 4,918
677
$427.50
668.25
2,240.38 21,391.75
967.48 11,569.00 2,715.97 1,605.80
171,000 (01,
40 1,255
0)
<*)538 178
12,130 670
27,336 9,506
842 42
930 3,687 7,558 3, 1,003 4,918
677
$427.50 776.12521.15 52.00
212.45 64.20
1,304.5595.63
787.40 1,156.35
36.703.417.00 7,395.234.634.00
28.801,479.16 2,240.38
21,843.15 1,020.83
11,569.00 2,715.97 1,605.80
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Miscellaneous________________Miscellaneous, labor only_____
Construction: New buildings______Farm, garden, and dairy:
C attle............................. head—Farm hands hired out................Hay-------------- -------- ------ tons—Hogs................................. head..M ilk------------------- 100 pounds..Potatoes________ _______ do___Wheat______ ______ -.bushels..Miscellaneous dairy__________Miscellaneous farm___________
Furniture and furnishings:Benches............................... .......Bureaus, chiffoniers, dressers,
etc...........................................Chairs, wood_________________Mattresses___________________Tables_____ _________________Miscellaneous________________
Highway markers......................... .Lumber and timber products:
Boxes...........................................Miscellaneous________________
Metal products:Auto license tags______________Galvanized ware.......... ............. .Tags, miscellaneous___________Tinware.......................................Miscellaneous________________
Printing and binding:Envelopes____ _______________Letterheads............... .................Miscellaneous________ ________
Soap and soap powder......................Textiles and textile products:
Bags_____ ________ __________Pillowcases___________________Sheets_______________________Towels______________________Miscellaneous.............................
Other manufactured products_____Total..
.51.0
48.0.4
8.012.8U.014.435.4
.713.2
140.4
(9(94.0 1.2.1
16.0.3.4
46.02.42.0 1.9.01.42.0
18.61.0
(9.4.3.5.4
10.0
(9
566.0
73<9583
452 12,065 15,376 2,113
1i
2,448125
(93,539
423(9
828,538 581
1,500 1,761
(9935.000283.000 (9
6,448 2,693 4,221
0)(9
96.95
1,599.30 2,920.00 4,435.24 9,724.04
16,679.26 5,787.09 1,324.88
12,317. 75 73,257.30
442.7012.003.00
7.907.50 254.2579.40
4,035.42317.50 247.12
45,569.65 423.15 57.00
197. 72 215.28
8,242.75 871.35
5,081.77 1,394.40
1.201.377.50 2,047.70
638.20 120.10
11,101.04278,781.41
$81,060.02
81,060.02
<9
31
4,000
‘ (I)
92
(9
(9
(9
406.60
515.75
1,000.00
5 307." 23
6.80
12.84
185.00
50.508,842.77
8104
(9i452
12,065 19,376 2,113
(9483
11
2,449125
(9 3,631
423(9
828,538581
1,5001,761
(9935.000283.000 (9 68,830
86,4484,221
(9 (9
96.95406.60
81,060.022,115.05 2,920.00 4,435.24 9,724.04
16,679. 26 6,787.09 1,324.88
12,317.7578.564.53
442.7012.003.00
7.907.50 254.2579.40
4,072.22317.50247.12
45,569.65 423.15 57.00
197.72228.12
8,242.75 871.35
5,266.77 1,394.40
1.201.377.50 2,047.70
638.20120.10
11.151.54368,684.20
Enumeration impracticable. ’ Less than one tenth of 1.
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A.—Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1982, by State, system, and institution—C on tin u ed
STATE PRISONS—ContinuedWEST VIRGINIA
00
Institution, articles produced, and unit
STATE PENITENTIARY
Brooms, brushes, and mops:Brooms........... ............................. .
Clay, cement, and stone products: Lime and agricultural lime
stone_________________tons_Stone, building_________ do___
Clothing:Aprons______________________Coats, prison________________Hats and caps_______________Pants_______________________Pants, prison________________Shirts, work_________________Shoes, repaired.._______pairs.Underwear__________________
Coal mining________________tons.Construction:
Roads, new ..................... miles..New, other than buildings and
roads.................................... ....Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle_________________head..Corn________________ bushels_Hay------------------------------tons..Hogs----------------------------head—Milk.......................100 pounds-Miscellaneous farm_________
Printing and binding:Envelopes_________________Letterheads________________Miscellaneous______________
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
106.0
1.035.0
.22.8.8
391.05.0
267.02.0 1.0
13.0598.031.0
.511.0 2.0
12.514.023.0
.2
.34.5
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number
2253,7501,006
9824,7864,1754,3021,7799,272
37,155
67 226
1,250 (070.00085.000 (l)
Value
$562.507,500.00
137.24 % 185.12
478.604,196.391,169.97
750.41 11,59a 00
150.89 3,577.50
737.00 4,095.74 4,687 7,287.08
175.00 212.50
3,750.00
Public works and ways
Number
65.34
0)
Value
$1,217,856.00 41,769.61
State aocount
Number Value
Piece price
Number
874,228l,"i64’ 769
Value
$634,154.80~~388,~256.~30
Contract
Number
669,012
Value
$211,838.25
Total
Number Value
669,012 $211,838.25
2253,750
562.507,500.00
1,006 982
4,786 874,228
4,175 1,164,769
4,302 1,779 9,272
137.24 2,185.12
478.60 634,154.80
4,196.39 388,256.30
1,169.97 750.41
11,590.0065.34 1,217,856.00
0) 41,769.613
7,15567
2261,250
(0
150.893,577.50
737.004,095.744,687.667,287.08
70.00085.000 0)
175.00212.50
3,750.00
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Textiles and textile products:Pillowcases___________________Sheets_______________________Towels_______________ _____ __Miscellaneous textile products. .
Whips.................................................Total______________________
.2
.81.0.2
31.01,555.0
v1,5668,710
<9
165.13 547.86 775.47 156.24
54,888.30 1,259,625.61 1,022,411.1087,564 43,782.00
255,620.25
1,4861,5668,710
(987,564
165.13547.68775.47156.24
43,782.002,592,545.26
WISCONSIN
INDUSTRIAL HOME FOR WOMEN
Clothing:Aprons____ _________________Hats and ca]Pajamas am Shirts, work.Underwear.................Uniforms, prison____Miscellaneous...........
Farm, garden, and dairy:Cattle_______ ______ ___ head..Corn________________ bushels..Hay____________________tons..Hogs.......... .......................head—Miscellaneous farm......... .
Textiles and textile products:Pillowcases_____________Sheets_________________Towels..................... ....................Miscellaneous textile products..
STATE PRISON
Bakery products, commercialpounds.
Brooms, brushes, and mops: Brushes Clay, cement, and stone products:
Brick and building tuethousands—
Stone, crushed__________ tons.Clothing:
Aprons_____________________Coats-----------------------------------Dresses_________ ___________Gloves and mittens.........pairs..
1.0<9.5
.21.03.8
.9(9.6
.14.3.1.7.1.2
16.1
1.024.0
12.015.0
.1.7
.11.0
21668
22150
1,492454
(9
(942
1155
150<9
65,150
1323,926
318122
5,412
$115.007.00
166.0038.00
296.00830.0093.00
15.00 474.0011.00
3,130.00
1,955.00
43.00
7 $238.00
4 36.00
(9 852.00
96,155
274
10,608.00
84.0089.00
31 300.00
21668
22150
1,492454
(97
50
(942
1155
150(9
65,15096,155
1344,000
31831
1225,412
$115.007.00
166.0038.00
296.00830.0093.00
238.0015.00
474.0047.00 3,13a 0015.00
115.0013.0038.001,38a 00
1,955.0010,608.00
4.913.004.800.00
43.00300.0083.00
321.001 Enumeration impracticable. * Less than one tenth of 1. «<I
c o
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A .— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1982, by Stale, system, an d institution— C on tin u ed
STATE PRISONS—ContinuedWISCONSIN—Continued
00O
Institution, articles produced, and unit
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number Value
Public works and ways
Number Value
State account
Number Value
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number Value
state prison—continuedClothing—Continued
Hosiery________________pairs..Overalls_____________________Overcoats____________________Pants________ ____ __________Shirts, work—......... - ................ .Shoes, new....................... pairs..Shoes, repaired_________ do___Suits................ ...........................Underwear____ ______________Uniforms, prison_____________
Construction:Alterations and installations__New buildings................... .......
Farm, garden, and dairy:Cattle_________________ head..Corn________________ bushels..Hay___________________ tons..Hogs................................. head..M ilk.......................100 pounds..Potatoes............................do—Miscellaneous dairy----------------Miscellaneous farm-----------------Miscellaneous livestock-----------
Highway markers..................... .......Land development: Reforestation.. Laundry, commercial____ pounds..
254.02.02.14.23.0
20.02.07.01.09.0
29.012.019.07.0
34.018.044.041.010.0 71.91.0 2.6
76.03.0
28,752 2,625
216 l,: 3,932 9,619 6,648
571 3,143 1,764
236 4,:
612 677
9,504 14,219
0)5,932
$2,210. 1,210. 2,160. 2,318. 1,644.
23,691. 6,126. 3,702.
934.5,037.
3 3,682,176 3 $430,201.00$47.00497.00
640 2,525.00
C> $24,037.00 35,000.00
5.074.001.744.009.009.005.140.00
11,738.008.531.00
32 233.002117
1054,476
23,760.00323.00
3,557.00
309.00215.00194.00
2.687.002.818.00
288.00
89,484 3,132.00 0) 53,867.00
3,710,928 2,625
219 1,981 3,932
10,259 6,648
571 3,143 1,764
0)
4,360
9,1 18,695
5,9320)89,484
$432,411.001,210.002.207.002.815.001.644.00
26,216.006.126.003.702.00
934.005.037.00
24.037.00 35,000.005.307.001.744.009.318.005.355.00
11.932.0011.218.002.818.00
24.048.00323.00
3.557.0053.867.003.132.00
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Metal products:Auto license tags_____Tags, miscellaneous—
Printing and binding:Books, blank and bound______LetterheadsMiscellaneous________________
Repair and shop work______Textiles and textile products:
Binder twine_________pounds..Blankets___Pillowcases___________________Rope, twine (not binder), and
cordage____________ pounds..Sheets__________ ____ ________Miscellaneous textile products..
Miscellaneous, labor only__________STATE REFORMATORY
Clay, cement, and stone products:Stone, building_________ tons..Stone, crushed___________do—
Clothing:Children’s play suits________Coats----------------------------------Overalls.—. ________________Overcoats__________________Pants_____________i ________Shirts, work________________Suits_______________________Uniforms, prison____________Miscellaneous_______________
Construction:New buildings___Roads, new____________miles—New, other than buildings and
roads__________ ___________Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle_________________ head..Hay------------------------------tons.Hogs----------------------------head__Wheat______ _____ __ bushels..Miscellaneous farm____________
Repair and shop work............ ..........Textiles and textile products:
Pillowcases.Sheets—
52.0.4
3.0.5
2.5.1
185.0.1
3.01.24.2
10.0
2.0
1,461,68812,407
811,350331,4830)0)3,000
108,807.00876.00
3.544.00806.00
4.399.00 82.00
187.00
1,732 315.00
7,461,000 10
473,089.0032.00
1,5684,1242,253
(9
188.00586.00801.00
1,767.0053,581 7,134.00
0)0)
715.00 5,254.00
1,6292,622
360
91,054.002,622.00
225.003
361112
27.0039.00
113.0058.00
8,286650
2,6714,353
994509
0)
6.439.003.032.003.249.002.559.009.940.002.022.00
878.0019 370.00
0) 11.004.00.43
0
33.500.0012.345.007,500.00
66872271213
(0(l)1,766
789
1.924.009.923.003.483.00
102.0036,956.00
160.00257.00466.00
35165119
4.077.001.369.00
982.00
89.458.007.339.00
1 Enumeration impracticable.
4,353 1,013
509(0
40.43
o>101
1,037 390 213
0)(01,766
789* Includes clock work decorating on 87,204 pairs of hosiery, market value $21,801; work done on piece-price basis.
1,461,68814,139
811,350 331,483 0)0)
',464,00010
1,56857,7052,253
8
1,6292,622
3603
8,322661
108.807.001.191.003.544.00
806.004* 399.00
82.00473.276.00
32.00188.00
7.720.00 80L00
2.482.005.254.00
91.054.00 2,622.00
225.00 27.00
6.478.003.145.003.307.002.559.00
10.310.002.022.00
889.0033.500.0012.345.007.500.006.001.00
11.292.004.465.00
102.0046.414.007.499.00
257.00466.00
00
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISONS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A*— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1932, by State, system, and institution—Continued
STATE PRISONS—ContinuedWISCONSIN—Continued
OOt o
Institution, articles produced, and unit
ALL INSTITUTIONS
Bakery products, commercialpounds..
Brooms, brushes, and mops:Brushes.........................................
Clay, cement, and stone products: Brick and building tile
thousands..Stone, building_________ tons..Stone, crushed___________do...
Clothing:Aprons........................................Children’s play suits__________Coats.Gloves and mittens_____pairs..Hats and caps.............................Hosiery............................pairs..Overalls.............. ...................... .Overcoats.......................... .........Pajamas and nightgowns_____Pants...........................................Shirts, work................................Shoes, new....................... pairs..Shoes, repaired...................do—Suits..........................- ................Underwear................................Uniforms, prison........................Miscellaneous................ ............
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
1.024.0
12.0161.219.71.1.7.8.1
1.0.1
254.022.011.8
.514.4 11.0 20.02.0
38.5 2.0
19.03.0
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number
65,150
1321, 6,548
534360122
5,412 68
28,752 10,911
866 221
4,5609,619 6,648 1,565 4,635 2,727
0)
Value
$1,955.00
4.829.00 91,054.007.333.00
158.00225.0083.00
321.00 7.00
2,210.007.649.005.192.00
166.005.567.004.241.00
23.691.006.126.00
13.642.001.230.007.889.00
971.00
Public works and ways
Number Value
State account
Number Value
96,155
74
34
10464019
0)
$10,608.00
84.0089.00
327.00
39.00160.00555.00
2,”525." 00370.00
” ii.’6o
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
3,682,176 3 $430,201.00
Total
Number Value
65,150 $1,955.0096,155 10,608.00
134 4,913.001,629 91,054.006,622 7,422.00
534 158.00360 225.0034 327.00
122 83.005,412 321.00
68 7.003,710,928 432,411.00
10,947 7,688.00880 5,352.00221 166.00
4,664 6,122.008,335 4,241.00
10,259 26,216.006,648 6,126.001,584 14,012.004,635 1,230.002,727 7,889.00
0) 982.00
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Co nstruction:Alterations and installations__New buildings.......................... .Roads, new......................miles..New, other than buildings and
roads........................................Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle........ .......................head..Corn......... ....................bushels..Hay------------------------------tons..Hogs____ ________ _____ head—Milk_____________100 pounds..Potatoes............................ do___Wheat. ........................ bushels..Miscellaneous dairy...... ...........Miscellaneous farm...................Miscellaneous livestock_______
Highway markers............................Land development: Reforestation..Laundry, commercial........pounds.Metal products:
Auto license tags_____________Tags, miscellaneous..............
Printing and binding:Books, blank and bound______Letterheads................................Miscellaneous________________
Repair and shopwork................. ......Textiles and textile products:
Binder twine................pounds. .Blankets............. ....................Pillowcases..................................Rope, twine (not binder) and
cordage......................pounds—Sheets_____________________Spreads____ _____ _________Towels....................................Miscellaneous textiles_______
Miscellaneous, labor only_______Total.........................................1,502.0
29.028.3 6.72.0
32.17.0
57.727.444.041.0
.110.0
171.51.0 2.6
76.03.0
52.0 .4
3.0 .5
2.561.1
185.0.1
1.23.0 3.3.1.2
20.310.0
3024,4101,523
9499,504
14,219213
8 5,932'"'"§9,‘ 4841,461,688
12,407811,350331,483
h 3,000
3,4,1243,157
5150
0)
6.998.001.759.00
19.406.008.634.00
11.738.008.531.00
102.00
63,846.00323.00
3,557.003.132.00
108,807.00876.00
3.544.00806.00
4.399.00242.00187.00460.00586.00
1.382.0013.0038.00
2.295.00
436,200.00
0)5.00.43
0)
0)
$24,037.0068.500.0012.345.007,500.00
53,867.00
166,249.00
74 4,548.00186 1,678.00140 1,233.00105 194.00
4,476 2,687.00
91 2,818.000) 9,746.00
1,732
0)7,461,000
10
53,581
8
315.00
7,339.00473,089.00
32.00
7,134.00
1.567.005.254.00
532,402.00 430,201.00
0) 24,037.005 68,500.00
.43 12,345.00
(0 7,500.00376 11,546.00
4,410 1,759.001,799 21,084.001,089 9,867.009,609 11,932.00
18,695 11,218.00213 102.00
0) 2,818.00f t 73,592.000) 323.005,932 3,557.00
(*) 53,867.0089,484 3,132.00
1,461,688 108,807.0014,139 1,191.00
811,350 3,544.00331,483 806.00
4,399.00h 7,581.00
7,464,000 473,276.0010 32.00
3,376 460.0057# 705 7,720.003,157 1,382.00
5 13.00150 38.00
CO 3,862.00CO 5,254.00
1,565,052.00
* Enumeration impracticable. 8 Includes clockwork decorating on 87,204 pairs of hosiery, market value $21,801; work done on piece-price basis.
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1982, by State, system, and institution— Continued
STATE PRISONS— Continued W YOMING
Institution, articles produced, and unit
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number Value
Public works and ways
Number Value
State account
Number Value
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number Value
STATE PENITENTIARY
Clothing:Coats---------------------------------Hosiery________________pairs. _Pants---------------------------------Shirts, work-----------------------Shoes, repaired_________pairs. _
Construction:Alterations and installations...New buildings-.........................
Farm, garden, and dairy:Cattle_________________ head..Hay___________________ tons..Hogs__________________ head..M ilk_______ _____ 100 pounds—Miscellaneous farm___________Miscellaneous livestock_______
Land development: Land improvement---------------------------------------
STATE INDUSTRIAL INSTITUTE
Clothing: Shoes, repaired— pairs.. Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle_________________ head..Corn________________ bushels..Hogs__________________ head—M ilk................ ...... 100 pounds—Miscellaneous dairy___________Miscellaneous farm------ -----------Miscellaneous livestock------------
0.41.01.6
172.01.01.7 1.31.8 1.0 1.2 2.0
40.01.02.0
1 04.02.0 1.02.9 1.0
33.92.9
100800244
51 65
105 1,544
(9 (9
10011
1,45
3,592
<9(9
$250.0080.00
322.00466.20
535,812 $167,441.25
(9 $9,000. 00 1,000.00
2,750.31 520.00
1,166.6,590.15 6,024.52
446.25(9 $5,936.00
<9
75.00825.00 529.60900.00
8,760.00
235157
13,659.33 ' ’ I,"667.12
9,945.10300.00
(9(9(9
936.26 14,328.5,198.50
100800044
535,812 666
$250.0080.00
322.00167,441.25
466.20(9
19.000.001. 000.00
5165
1051,544
8
2,750.31 520.00
1,166.88 6,590.15
11,960.52 446.25
(9 600.00
100 75.00246
1,329 202
3,592 (9 (9
14,484.33 529.60
1,907.12 8,760.00
936.26 24,273.69
(9 5,498.60
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
.pairs. _
Laundry, commercial........pounds—Miscellaneous, labor only__
ALL INSTITUTIONS
Clothing:Coats-------------------------Hosiery_______________Pants------------------------------------Shirts, work_________________Shoes, repaired_________ pairs .
Construction:Alterations and installations___New buildings____________
Farm, garden, and dairy:Cattle_________________ head—Com------------------------ bushels—Hay____________________tons—Hogs__________________ head—Milk------------------- 100 pounds—Miscellaneous dairy___________Miscellaneous farm____________Miscellaneous livestock_______
Land development: Land improvement..................... ........... ..............
Laundry, commercial........pounds—Miscellaneous, labor only—
Total______________________
1.0
.41.01.6
172.02.01.7 1.35.8 2.0 1.0 2.24.9 1.0
73.93.92.01.0.3
278.0
100800244766
1,32965
1505,136
250.00 80.00
322.00541.20
3,575.31529.60520.00
2,066.8815,350.1515,969.62
746.25
39,951.01
0)
(0
9, CC0.00 1,000.00
600.00
10,600.00
2,400 0)
235
157
2.400 d
240.00267.35
13,659.33
1,007.12
20,264.59 5,198.50
240.00267.35
41,573.15
535,812 167,441.25
167,441.25
2,400 0)
100800244
535,812766
(0
2971,
65 307
5,136 0)0)
<*> 2,400 0)
240.00267.35
250.00 80.00
322.00 167,441.25
541.209.000.001.000.00
17,234.64 529.60520.00
3,074.0015,350.15
936.2636,234.215,944.75
600.00 240.00 267.35
259,565.41
FEDERAL PRISONS CALIFORNIA
0.2 32 $160.00.5 805 402.50
1.1 55 825.00.3 46 207.00
5.0 9,155 7,102.209.5 292 7,300.00
(’) P) 73.007.9 0) 18,196.25
PACIFIC BRANCH, U.S. DISCIPLINARY BARRACKS
Clothing:Coats, prison_________________Hats and caps________________Overcoats____________________Pants, prison_________________Shoes repaired__________pairs..Suits______ ________________Miscellaneous................. .......Miscellaneous, labor only___
2,250
<9
$2,250.00
3,650.00i Enumeration impracticable. *Less than one tenth of 1.
32 $160.00805 402.5055 825.0046 207.00
11,405 9,352.20292 7,300.00'
73.00h 21,846.25
00O i
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1982, by State, system, and institution—ContinuedFEDERAL PRISON S—Continued
CALIFORNIA—Continued
OS
Institution, articles produced, and unit
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number Value
Public works and ways
Number Value
State account
Number Value
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number Value
PACIFIC BRANCH, U.S. DISCIPLINARYb a r r a c k s — c o n t in u e d
Construction:Alterations and installations___Hoads, new____________miles. _New, other than buildings and
roads.........................................Farm, garden, and dairy: Miscel
laneous farm...................................Furniture and furnishings:
Benches.......................................Bureaus, chiffoniers, dressers,
etc________ ________________Chairs, wood....................... ......Desks..........................................-Tables..........................................Miscellaneous..............................
Laundry, commercial....... pounds. _Printing and binding:
Letterheads______ ____________Miscellaneous..............................
Hepair and shop work------------- -—Textiles and textile products:
TowelsMiscellaneous textile products..
Other manufactured products_____U.S. NAVAL PRISON
Clothing:Shoes, repaired...... ......... pairs..Miscellaneous, labor only...........
1.02.05.0.
18.0.1
1.02.01.02.0
17.234.0
.23.85.0
(’).1
1.0
1.01.0
0)0.08
0)
$2,300.001.140.006.780.00
(9 $2,300.00
775,000 39,500
8
8200
(0605
64,499.4694.08
2,350.921, isa 00
50.00 7.50
% 123.50
506.003,560.00
0)10165913
1370) 75,000
$200.0072,00
848.111.180.85
840.001,918.033.769.86 6,000.00
0)
“ ( I f
1,800.00
50.00
0)0.08$2,300.001,140.00
0) 6,780.00
(0 2,500.0010 72.00165913
137<*>850,000
848.111.180.85
840.001,918.033.769.86
70,499.4639,500
894.08
2,350.922,950.00
200
850.0057.50
2,123.50
0) 210.00 0)005 506.00
3,77a 00
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
fit—
—88
—of
•Construction: Roads, repair..............-Farm, garden, and dairy:
Hay........................... ........tons—Milk____________ 100 pounds—Miscellaneous farm................. .
Land development: Land improvement................................................
Laundry, commercial........pounds..Lumber and timber products: Mis
cellaneous........................................Printing and binding: Miscella-
neous__r...........................................Repair and shop work.......................Textiles and textile products:
Pillowcases..................................Sheets.........................................Miscellaneous textile products..
ALL INSTITUTIONS
Clothing:Coats............................................Hats and caps.............................Overcoats.....................................Pants...........................................Shoes, repaired.................pairs..Suits. ...........................................Miscellaneous........... ..................Miscellaneous, labor only______
Construction:Alterations and installations___Roads, new........ ............ miles—Roads, repaired................do___New, other than buildings and
roads.........................................Farm, garden, and dairy:
Hay....................................tons—Milk.......................100 pounds—Miscellaneous farm................. —
Furniture and furnishings:Benches.......................................Bureaus, chiffoniers, dressers,
etc.............................................Chairs, wood...............................Desks...........................................Tables..........................................Miscellaneous..............................
Land development: Land improvement...............................................
Laundry, commercial____ pounds..
4.0 0 5,000.00(*) 16 160.0010.0 381 1,594.00 2,140 8,948.00
468.0016.9 (0 649.98 0)27.0 0) (0 15, COO. 0012.0 144,000 ii, 400.007.0 0)
0)3,360.00
1.0 431.00(2) 0) 7.50(*) 226 33.90(2) 114 49.00
1.0 (0 47.00
.2 32 160.00
.5 805 402.501.1 55 825.00.3 46 207.00
6.0 9,760 7,608. 20 2,250 2, 250.009.5 292 7,300.00
(2)' 0) 73.008.9 (0 21,756.25 0). 3,860. CO1.0 0)
.082.300.001.140.00 5,000.00
2.04.0 0)
0)5.0 6,780.00
(2) 16 160.0010.0 381 1,594.00 2,140 8,948.00
668.0034.9 (0 2,949.98 (010.1 72.00
1.0 16 848.112.0 59 1,180.85
840.001.0 132.0 137 1,918.03
3,769.8617.2 (027.0 C) 15,000.0046.0 919,000 78,899.46 75,000 6,000.00
(0 5,000.0016
2,5210)
160.00 10,542.00 1,117.98
(0144,000
15,000.0014,400.00
(0 3,360.00
0)0)
431.007.50
226114
0)
33.9049.0047.00
32 805 55 46
12,010 292
C1)0)
160.00402.50825.00207.00
9,858.20 7,300.00
73.0025,616.25
0)0.08
0)
2.300.001.140.00 5,000.00
0) 6,780.0016
2,5210)
160.0010,542.003,617.98
10 72.00165913
1370)
848.111.180.85
840.001,918.033.769.86
0)994,00015,000.0084,899.46
r Enumeration impracticable. * Less than one tenth of 1. 00•<1
STATE AND
FEDERAL
PR
ISON
S
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
FEDERAL PRISONS—ContinuedCALIFORNIA—Continued
T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1932, by State, system, and institution—Continued 0000
I n s t itu tio n , a rtic les p r o d u c e d , a n d u n it
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use Public works and ways State account Piece price Contract Total
Number Value Number Value Number Value Number Value Number Value Number Value
ALL i n s t it u t io n s — c o n t in u e d
Lumber and timber products: Miscellaneous........................................ 7.0
.24.85.0
(2)(2)(a)
1.1 1.0
0)39,5000)0)
226114200
8
$3,360.0094.08
2,781.921.157.50
33.9049.0050.00 54.50
2.123.50
0)39,500(00)
226114200
0)0)
$3,360.0094.08
2,781.92 2,957. 50
33.9049.0050.00
104.502,123.50
Printing and binding:Letterheads................................Miscellaneous..............................
Repair and shop work........................ (0 $1,800.00Textiles and textile products:
Pillowcases-.................................Sheets________________ _______Towels......... - ..............................Miscellaneous textile products. _
Other manufactured products....... (0 50.00
Total— .................................... 199.0 131,639.79 $30,220.00 32,204.85 194,064.64
GEORGIA
U. S. PENITENTIARY
Brooms, brushes, and mops: Mops__Clothing:
Aprons_______________________1.01.08.0.8
34.019.0 1.0
3,0561,364 1,370 2,391
16,297 1,569
505
$614.79226.95
2,217.53 66.17
8,439.76 4,586.19
275.63
1
3,0561,364 1,370 2,391
16,297 1,569
505
$614.79226.95
2,217. 53 66.17
8,439.76 4,586.19
275.63
Coats________________________Gloves and mittens_____pairs..Overalls______________________Overcoats____________________Pajamas and nightgowns____
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Pants.................- ....................... .Shirts, dress__________________Shirts, work___________ _____ _Shoes, repaired____ ____ pairs..Suits........................................... .Underwear................ - ................Miscellaneous............................ .
Construction:Alterations and installations___New buildings........................... .New, other than building and
roads............................. ...........Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle...... .........................head..Corn______ ______ ___bushels..Hay.................... ...............tons..Hosrs........ .......................head..Milk.......................100 pounds..Miscellaneous farm_..................
Furniture and furnishings: Mat-Printing and binding:
Efivelopes___________________Letterheads ............................... .Miscellaneous- .......................... .
Repair and shop work..................... .Textiles and textile products:
Bags........................................... .Duck and canvas____ pounds..Pillowcases.............. ..................Sheets......................................... .Yarn, cotton and wooLpounds.. Miscellaneous textile products..
Other manufactured products_____Total.........................................1,626.0
8.03.0
19.024.056.021.01.0
65.071.05.01.0
45.010.063.0
142.057.02.02.03.06.0
17.014.0
664.0 4.0
22.0180.0 35.2 21.0
2,6041,513
11,74313,3924,146
23,208(9
34,000 2,508 1,110 9,407
(91,602
348,600 736,700 (9 0)46,166
4,271,780 8,514
15,014 2,287,164
8
1,937.88 665.57
4.640.37 6,696.00
13,293.55 5,144.28
181.40
404. 13,813. 3,009.
18,820. 41,447. 17,696.2,503.10
891.81 1,403.41 2,399.22 3,968.43
20,858.10 881,574.96
887.02 8,066.98
227,208.01 45,341.28,545.32
1,367,826.42
(93
(9
$91,959.29100,489.55
6,622.06
199,070.90
2,604 1,513
11,743 13,392 4,146
23,208 (9
1,937.88 665.57
4,640.37 6,696.00
13,293.55 5,144.28
181.40
(93
91,959.29 100,489. 55
(9 6,622.068
34,0002,5081, no9,407
(9
404.85 13,813.10 3,009.49
18,820.32 41,447.54 17,696.73
1,602 2,503.10348,600 736,700 (9 (9
891.81 1,403.41 2,399.22 3,968.43
46,166 4,271,780
8,514 15,014
2,287,164
■ 8
20,858.10 881,574.96
887.02 8,066.98
227,208.01 45,341.96 28,545.32
1,566,897.32
KANSAS
U.S. PENITENTIARY
and mops:Brooms, brushes,Brooms........................................ .
Clay, cement, and stone products: Brick and building tile
thousands..
54.0 319,584
40.0 360
$109,723.84
3,780.00____i Enumeration impracticable. a Less than one tenth of 1.
319,584
360
$109,723.84
3,780.00
00CD
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1982, &?/ State, system, and institution— ContinuedFEDERAL PRISONS—Continued
KANSAS-Continued
COO
Institution, articles produced, and unit
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number Value
Public works and ways
Number Value
State account
Number Value
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number Value
u. s. penitentiary—continuedClothing:
Coats.........................................Hats and caps...........................Overalls.....................................Overcoats................ .............. .Pants............. ............................Shirts, dress....... ...... ................Shirts, work_________ _______Shoes, new....................... pairs.Suits..........................................
Construction: Alterations and installations......................................
Farm, garden, and dairy:Cattle........................ ...... head..Corn.............................bushels..Hay....................................tons—Hogs................................. head—Miscellaneous dairy...............Miscellaneous farm...............
Textiles and textile products:Pillowcases.............................Sheets................... .................Miscellaneous textile products..U.S. PENITENTIARY ANNEX
Brooms, brushes, and mops:Brushes.........................................
Clothing:Coats..........................................Handkerchiefs...........................
1.01.09.0
11.06.03.07.0
459.023.0
150.05.0
21.07.0
42.077.096.02.0
11.0 7.0
100.0
3.01.0
384 3,840 6,678 1,074 1,458 1,560 5,022
240,208 2,232
$635.25 492.62
3,988. 71 5,781.60 2,275.35 1,225. 62 2,911. 59
581,303.36 11,061.60
24 7,848
141i
0)0)6,204 7,680
0)
486,558245
3,010
1,121.35 4,316.40 1,480.50 8,661. 72
15,892. 59 19,703.37
893.90 5,863.04 2,813.38
172,742.23532.1090.30
C) $149,010.07
384 3,840 6,678 1,074 1,458 1,560 5,022
240,208 2,232
(l)24
7,848141526
0)(06,204 7,680
0)
486, 558245
3,010
$635.25 492.62
3.988.71 5,781.602.275.35 1,225.62 2,911.59
581,303.36 11,061.60
149,010.071.121.35 4,316.40 1,480.508.661.72
15,892.59 19,703.37
893.905,863.042,813.38
172,742.23532.1090.30
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Hats and caps_______________Overalls_____________________Overcoats____ _______________Pants..........................................Shirts, dress............................... .Shirts, work............................... .Shoes, new....................... pairs..Shoes, repaired................. do___Suits........................................... .Underwear................................. .Miscellaneous, labor only_____
Furniture and furnishings:Bureaus, chiffoniers, dressers,
etc.................... ...................... .Chairs, wood......... ............ .......Desks........................... ..............Tables..........................................Miscellaneous........................... .
Laundry, commercial____ pounds..Lumber and timber products: Mis
cellaneous...................................... .Printing and binding: Miscellane
ous................. ............ ..................Textiles and textile products:
Pillowcases..................................Sheets......... ........... .....................Towels................... —............ —
Other manufactured products........ .ALL INSTITUTIONS
Brooms, brushes, and mops:Brooms.......... .............................Brushes...................................... .
Clay, cement, and stone products: Brick and building tile.thousands.
Clothing:Coats------------------------------------Handkerchiefs.............................Hats and caps................... ........Overalls................. ...................Overcoats.......... ...............—.......Pants..............................—.........Shirts, dress............................... .Shirts, work......... ............ .......Shoes, new........ —.......... pairs..Shoes, repaired_________ do—Suits..________ ______________Underwear..................................Miscellaneous, labor only_____1 Enumeration impracticable.
1.0 1,345 134.509.0 2,913 2,054.653.0 174 735.607.0 956 1,351.003.0 1,151 748.155.0 1,482 1,040.30
10.0 72 1,584.0042.0 12,234 8,563.8016.0 911 3,780.651.0 1,069 224.49
20.0 (9 12,940.45
4.0 45 810.155.0 258 1,733.045.0 85 3,383.115.0 157 1,930.565.0 (9 1,285.24
71.0 337,229 23,606.055. a <9 6,734.52
49.0 (9 31,931.272.0 3,023 453.455.0 2,220 1,110.003.0 4,396 685.05
28.0 (9 23,637.28
54.0 319,584 109,723.84100.0 486,558 172,742.2340.0 360 3,780.004.0 629 1,167.351.0 3,010 90.302.0 5,185 627.12
18.0 9,591 6,043.3614.0 1,248 6,517.2013.0 2,414 3,626.356.0 2,711 1,973.77
12.0 6,504 3,951.89469.0 240,280 582,887.3642.0 12,234 8.563.8039.0 3,143 14,842.251.0 1,069 224.49
20.0 (9 12,940.45
1,345 134.502,913 2,054.65
174 735.60956 1,351.00
1,151 748.151,482 1,040.30
72 1,584.0012,234 8,563.80
911 3,780.651,069 224.49
(9 12,940.45
45 810.15258 1,733.0485 3,383.11
157 1,930.56(9 1,285.24
337,229 23,606.05
(9 6,734.52
(9 31,931.273,023 453.452,220 1,110.004,396 685.05
(9 23,637.28
319,584 486,558
360629
3,010 5,185 9,591 1,248 2,414 2,711 6,504
240,280 12,234 3,143 1,—
(9
109,723.84 172,742.23
3,780.001.167.35
90.30627.12
6.043.36 6,517.20 3,626.35 1,973.77 3,951.89
582,887.368,563.80
14,842.25224.49
12,940.45CO
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A .— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1982, by State, system, an d institution— C on tin u ed
FEDERAL PRISONS—Continued KANSAS—Continued
CDfcO
Institution, articles produced, and unit
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number Value
Public works and ways
Number Value
State account
Number Value
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number Value
a l l i n s t it u t io n s — c o n t in u e d
Construction: Alterations and installations.............. ........................
Farm, garden, and dairy:Cattle.......................... ...head..Corn_________ ______ bushels..Hay.................................. tons..Hogs__.............................head..Miscellaneous dairy...................Miscellaneous farm....... ........... .
Furniture and furnishings:Bureaus, chiffoniers, dressers,
etc.............. ...................... ......Chairs, w ood ...------ ---------------Desks........... ............ —...............Tables................. ........................Miscellaneous..............................
Laundry, commercial____ pounds..Lumber and timber products: Mis
cellaneous______________________Printing and binding: Miscellane
ous..................................................Textiles and textile products:
Pillowcases..................................Sheets..........................................Towels................ - .......................Miscellaneous textile products..
Other manufactured products--------Total.........................................
150.05.0
21.07.0
42.077.096.0
4.05.05.05.05.0
71.05.0
49.04.0
16.03.07.0
28.01,440.0
24'7,848
141526
(9 (0
4525885
157(9
337,229
(9(99,227 9,900 4,
8
$1,121. 35 4,316.40 1,480. 50 8,661.72
15,892. 59 19,703.37
810.151.733.04 3,383.11 1,930.56 1,285. 24
23,606.056,734.52
31.931.271,347.356.973.04
685.052,813.38
23.637.281,087,747.73
(0 $149,010.07 (924
7,848141526
0)(9
4525885
157(9
337,229
<9(99,227 9,900 4 , r *
8
$149,010.071,121.35 4,316.40 1,480.50 8.661.72
15,892.59 19,703.37
810.151.733.04 3,383.11 1,930.56 1,285.24
23,606.056,734.52
31.931.271,347.356.973.04
685.052,813.38
23.637.28
149,010.07 1,236,757.80
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
NEW HAMPSHIRE
U.S. NAVAL PRISONClothing:
Aprons.........................................Coats............................_.........Hats and caps............................Overcoats...................................Pants_______________________Shirts, work_________________Shoes, repaired________pairs..Miscellaneous________________Miscellaneous, labor only_____
Printing and binding:Books, blank and bound______Miscellaneous printing________
Repair and shop work____ ________Textiles and textile products:
Pillowcases___________________Sheets___________ ______ _____Towels........................ .......... .....Miscellaneous textile products..
Miscellaneous, labor only_______Total......... ...........................
0.25.3 .1
4.912.27.3 2.0.3.3
6.04.01.0.1.2.1
1.089.0
134.0
150 653 91
190 1,924 1,343 3,711
(0 (93,242
to330117129
(9(9
$75.002.592.00
59.252.375.00 5,883.20 3,473. 55 2,646.45
130.40 155.00
1.621.00 8,113.92 1,200.00
66.00 87.75 45.15
269. 50 49,444.4078,237.57
o:<*:3,(9(9
242
(9(9
330117129
$75.002.592.00
59.252.375.00 5,883.20 3,473. 55 2,646.45
130.40 155.00
1.621.00 8,113.92 1,200.00
66.00 87.75 45.15
269.50 49,444.4078,237.57
OHIO
U.S. INDUSTRIAL REFORMATORY
Clay, cement, and stone products: Brick and building tile
thousands—Construction: New buildings______Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle_________________ head..Com________________ bushels. _Hay____________________tons—Hogs..................................head—Milk.......................100 pounds. _Wheat................ .........bushels—Miscellaneous farm.....................Miscellaneous livestock..............
Land development: Land improvement.................................. ............
Total.........................................
94.0 454.0
3.08.03.06.0
18.0 2.0
66.02.0
10.0666.0
2,344
644,!
238 425
4,814 1,464
(9 (9
$30,472.00
2,520. 2,183. 2,856. 6,618.
11,381. 800.
14,671. 420.
71,923.72(9
$270,471.53
7,200.00277,671. 53
2,3442
644,'
238 425
4,814 1,464
(9(9(9
$30,472.00 270,471.53
2.520.00 2,183.992.856.00 6,618.12
11,381.29 800.81
14,671.51 420.00
7.200.00349,595.25
1 Enumeration impracticable. COCO
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A.— Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1932, by State, system, and institution— Continued
FEDERAL PRISONS—ContinuedSOUTH CAROLINA
Institution, articles produced, and unit
U.S. NAVAL PRISON
Clothing:Hats and caps______________Overalls.................................... .Overcoats................................ .Pants........................................ .Shirts, dress........................... .Shoes, repaired...............pairs.Suits................ ........................ .Uniforms, prison____________Miscellaneous...... ............. .......
Farm, garden, and dairy:Cattle............................... head..Corn............................bushels..Hay------------------ ---------- tons..Hogs................................. head..Milk..................... .100 pounds. _Miscellaneous farm......... .......
Total........................ ............
Average
number of prisoners em
ployed
(J)0.51.4.5
(2)1.01.71.8
(2)1.0.7.3
3.016.012.040.0
Number and value of articles produced under each system
State use
Number
9026087
27121
601125
0 ) '23
1,910 25 32
2140)
Value
$9.00130.00 314.94 135. 5013.86
300. 50375.00413.00 18.00
1,034.25 657. 50300.00 549.70 804.20
1,707.606,763.05
Public works and ways
Number Value
State account
Number
2,0 0)
62
Value
$1,692.47 13,104.63 7,576.94
22,374.04
Piece price
Number Value
Contract
Number Value
Total
Number Value
90 $9.00260 130.0087 314.94
271 135.5021 13.86
601 300. 50125 375.00268 413.00
0) 18.0023 1,034.25
1,910 657.5025 300.0094 2,242.17
2,882 13,908.830) 9,284.54
29,137.09
VIRGINIA
FEDERAL CORRECTIONAL CAMP
Bakery products, commercialpounds..
Clothing: Shoes repaired___ pairs—10.02.0
405,131! $12,373.27 1*1041 552.00
6,219 $248.78 411,3501,104
$12,622.05552.00
194 PRISON
LABOR IN
TTNITED STATES,
1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Construction: New buildings_____Farm, garden, and dairy;
Corn________________ bushels-Hay------ ----------------------- tons..Potatoes_________ 100 pounds..Miscellaneous farm....................
Laundry, commercial____ pounds..Repair and shop work____________
FEDERAL REFORMATORY CAMP
Clothing:Aprons______________________Coats_______ ____ ___________Pants...........................................Shoes, repaired_________ pairs..
Construction:New buildings........................... .New, other than buildings and
roads....................................... .Farm, garden, and dairy:
Corn_________ ______ bushels..Hay......... ...... ....................tons..Potatoes....... ..........100 pounds..Miscellaneous farm................... .
Land development: Land improvement.............................................. .
Lumber and timber prodicts: Lumber____ ____ ________ board feet..
Textiles and textile products:Bags........................................... .Pillowcases.................................Miscellaneous textile products-
ALL INSTITUTIONS Bakery products, commercial
pounds..Clothing:
Aprons___________ __________Coats............ ..................... .........Pants................. ..........................Shoes, repaired_________ pairs. .
Construction:New buildings.......... .................New, other than buildings and
roads....................................... .Farm, garden, and dairy:
Corn............ ................ bushels..Hay__________________ .tons..Potatoes................. 100 pounds..Miscellaneous farm___________
17.0 1 $4,428.36 I
17.0 3,270 852.13 14.0 21 192.88 "
15.0 1,341 1,232.5358.0 <9 2,958.5021.0 71,264 4,988.45 6,439 450. 7338.0 (9 7,951.36
(*) 74 18.50.2 68 68.00.3 115 115.00
2.0 2,325 1,162.5082.0 6 60,118.9130.0 (9 21,335.057.0 1,316 789.458.0 68 940.849.0 714 1,077.67
21.0 <9 2,657.96102.0 (9 3,576.4914.0 471,350 3,135.13
.4 732 183.00<9 61 12.20<*> (9 10.00
10.0 405,131 12,373.27 6, 219 248.78(2) 74 18.50
.2 68 68.00
.3 115 115.004.0 3,429 1,714.50
99.0 7 64,547.2730.0 (9 21,335.0524.0 4,586 1,641. 5812.0,, 89 1,133. 72
2,310.2024.0 2,05579.011 (9 5,616.46 i
1 4,428.363,270
21 1,341
<977,703(9
852 13 192.88
1,232.53 2,958.50 5,439.18 7,951.36
7468
1152,325
18.50 68.00
115.00 1,162.50
6 60,118.91
(9 21,335.051,316
68714
(9
789.45940.84
1,077.672,657.96
(9 3,576.49471,350 3,135.13
73261
(9183.0012.2010.00
411,350 12,622.057468
1153,429
18.50 68.00
115.00 1,714.50
7 64,547.27
(9 21,335.054,586
892,055
(9
1,641.58 1,133.72 2,310.20 5,616.46
i Enumeration impracticable. * Less than one tenth of 1. c oCn
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
T a b l e A.—Kind, quantity, and value of articles produced in State and Federal prisons, 1932, by State, system, and institution—ContinuedFEDERAL PRISONS—Continued
VIRGINIA—Continued
COa>
Aver- Number and value of articles produced under each system
Institution, articles produced, and unit
number of pris
State use Public works and ways State account Piece price Contract Total
onersem
ployed Number Value Number Value Number Value Number Value Number Value Number Value
all institutions—continuedLand development: Land improve
ment_________________________ 102.0 0) $3,576.49 0)77,703
471,350
$3,576.49 5,439.183,135.13
T^anndry, finmmfirmal. pounds 21.0 71,264471,350 (0
732
$4,988.453,135.13 7,951.36
183.00
6,439 $450.73Lumber and timber products:
Lumber____________ board feet__ 14.0Repair and shop work____________ 38.0 0) 7,951.36
183.00Textiles and textile products:
Bags_________________________ .4 732Pillowcases___________________ (2)
(2)61 12.20 61 12.20
Miscellaneous textile products __ (9 10.00 0) 10.00Total................. ...................... 458.0 41,271.37 89,458. 81 699. 51 131,429.69
WASH[INGTOIIf
U.S. PENITENTIARYClothing:
Aprons_____________________ 1.0 489 $166.26 859.82
489 $166.26Coats _______ ______________ 3. 5 548 548 859.82Gloves and mittens pairs _ 4. 2 3,450
940351.90 3,450
940351.90
Hats and caps 1.8 272.60 272.60Overalls ___ ___ _____ ___ 4.0 1,230 836.40 1,230 836.40Pants _____________________ 3.0 545 720.25 545 720.25Shirts, work_________________ 4.5 1,364
2,355 1,050
1,091.20 1,396.23
441.00
1,364 1,091.201,396.23
441.00Shoes, repaired _____pairs 3. 0 2,355
1,050
0)8
Underwear ____________ 3.0Construction:
Alterations and installations___ 17.0 (0 8$40,329.15 258,075.1046,685.60
40,329.15 258,075.1046,685.60
New buildings _____________ 111.0New, other than buildings and
roads______________________ 20.0 0) (0Farm, garden, and dairy:
Cattle - ________head_ 1.5 48 649.32 48 649.32Hogs_______________ _do_ 8.0 566 11,861. 40 566 11,861.40
PRISON LABOR
IN UNITED
STATES, 1932
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Milk.......................160 pounds..Miscellaneous farm....................
Land development: Land improvement...............................................
Printing and binding: Miscellaneous.................................................
Textiles and textile products:Pillowcases...........- ....................Sheets_______________________Towels_____________ ____ ____
Total....................................... .
11.5 5,890 14,724.1523.0 (0 9,364.9053.07.0 0) 5,128.821.4 1,931 424.821.0 1,140 794.402.6 9,664 214.54
285.0 49,298.01
0) 15,963.33
361,053.18
5,890 14, 724.15(0 9,364.90
0) 15,963.33
0) 5,128.821,931 424.821,140 794.409,664 214.54
410,351.19
WEST VIRGINIA
U.S. INDUSTRIAL INSTITUTION FOB WOMEN
Clothing:Aprons........................................Coats........................................ .Dresses....................................... .Hats and caps.............................Overalls....................... ............ .Pajamas and nightgowns_____Pants........................................Shirts, work................... ............Suits............................................Underwear............................... .Miscellaneous_______ ________
Farm, garden, and dairy:Cattle............................... head..C orn„______________ bushels..Hogs................................ head..Milk................ ...... 100 pounds..Potatoes............................ do___Miscellaneous dairy__________Miscellaneous farm___________Miscellaneous livestock_______
Textiles and textile products:Bags........................................... .Blankets................ ....................Pillowcases....... ........................ .Sheets......... ................................Spreads....................................... .Towels_______________ _____ _Miscellaneous textile products..
Total— ...................................
2.06.0
12.0.7
7.0 1.93.0
43.12.0
22.13.71.73.03.0
17.01.0 5.0
14.0
1.0.1
1.03.0.2.4
6.8161.0
1,' 315
3,340 387
2,840 1,264 1,250
43,701 72
22,817 0
323,900
1223,234
917
0)0)
2009
1,357 940 71
1,293 (0
$568. 1,3,677.
193. 2,252.
585. 877.
15,453.558.
6,928. 1,117.
627.58 1,631.40 1,696.54
11,747.11 976.79
3,402.74 9,252.23
87.22229.50 27.00
182.93 849.20 65.98
121.97 1,970.37
66,939.01
1,315
3,340 387
2,840 1,264 1,250
43,701 72
22,817 (0
323,900
1223,234
917(08
2009
1,357 940 71
1,293 (0
$568.79 1,858.88 3,677.14
193.50 2,252.10
585.12877.50
15,453. 52558.00
6,928.77 1,117.13
627.58 1,631.40 1,696.54
11,747.11976.79
3,402.74 9,252.23
87.22229.50 27.00
182.93849.2065.98
121.971,970.37
66,939.01COi Enumeration impracticable. * Less than one tenth of 1.
STATE AND
FEDERAL PRISO
NS
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
Index of Products in State and Federal Prisons Table 13 is an index of the products in the State and Federal
prisons and shows the heads and subheads under which the articles are included in the tables presented in this study.
T a b l e 1 3 .— Index of 'products in State and Federal prisons, 1982 study
198 PRISON LABOR IN UNITED STATES, 1932
Articles produced or operationIncluded under-
Main heading Subheading
Alfalfa, green............. ......................Alterations and installations...........Aluminum ware...............................Apple butter.....................................Aprons..............................................Aerator, milk, metal........................Art work...........................................Automobiles, repaired and painted.Automobiles, washed.......................Awnings...........................................Bacon................................................Bags, cloth........................................Bags, leather....................................Bakery products, commercial.........Bandages, track horse..... ................Banners, cloth (for Olympic games).Barley.............. ................................Bars, clinker, iron............................Baskets.............................................Bathrobes.........................................Batons, police...................................
Farm, garden, and dairy,..........Construction...............................Metal products.......................... .Farm, garden, and dairy............Clothing......................................Metal products...........................Other manufactured products...Repair and shop work................Miscellaneous, labor only...........Textiles and textile products___Farm, garden, and dairy............Textiles and textile products___Other manufactured products... Bakery products, commercial...Textiles and textile products___
.do.
Beds......................................Beets.....................................Belts, cloth and leather........Benches, other than work__Benches, work......................Bin, coffee, metal..................Binders..................................Binders, loose leaf................Binder twine.........................Blanket binding...................Blanket ends........................Blankets................................Blocks, bed, wood................Blocks, cinder and concrete.Blocks, granite...................Bloomers............................Blouses, boys’....... ............Blouses, middy.................Boiler compound...............Bolsters..............................Bookbinding......................Bookcases...........................Book ends, metal..............Books, blank.......... ..........Books, rebound.................Booths, voting, wood____Booties...............................Bowl cleaners....................Boxes, iron, galvanized___Boxes, paper......................Boxes, w ood ..__________Bread.................................Breakfast foods..................Breakfast sets, toy, wood.. Bricks-.............................Bridge sets................................ .Bristles, brush, insert..............Bronze articles, miscellaneous.Brooder houses, portable.........Brooms.....................................Broomcorn.......................... .Brushes.....................................Buckets, tin..............................Buckwheat.-........................... .Buffets, wood........................... .
Farm, garden, and dairy............Metal products...........................Baskets........................................Clothing......................................Lumber and timber products....Farm, garden, and dairy..........Furniture and furnishings..........Farm, garden, and dairy............Clothing......................................Furniture and furnishings_____
.do.Metal products................ - .........Agricultural implements............Printing and binding.................Textiles and textile products___
.do...do...do..
Lumber and timber products... Clay, cement, and stone prod
ucts, do.
Clothing............................................do................................................do.........................................Other manufactured products. .Furniture and furnishings........Printing and binding................Furniture and furnishings.........Metal products..........................Printing and binding................
.do.Furniture and furnishings..........Clothing......................................Other manufactured products.Metal products...........................Other manufactured products... Lumber and timber products. _. Bakery products, commercial...Farm, garden, and dairy............Toys............................................Clay, cement, and stone prod
ucts.Furniture and furnishings..........Other manufactured products...Metal products.............. - ......... .Other manufactured products...Brooms, brushes, and mops___Farm, garden, and dairy............Brooms, brushes, and mops___Metal products.......................... .Farm, garden, and dairy............Furniture and furnishings_____
Hay.Alterations and installations. Aluminum ware. Miscellaneous farm.Aprons.Miscellaneous.Other manufactured products. Repair and shop work. Miscellaneous, labor only. Miscellaneous textile products. Miscellaneous farm.Bags.Other manufactured products. Bakery products, commercial. Miscellaneous textile products.
Do.Miscellaneous farm. Miscellaneous.Baskets.Miscellaneous.
Do.Miscellaneous farm.Beds.Miscellaneous farm. Miscellaneous.Benches.Miscellaneous.
Do.Agricultural implements. Miscellaneous.Binder twine.Miscellaneous textile products.
Do.Blankets.Miscellaneous.Concrete blocks.Stone, building.Underwear.Shirts, dress.Miscellaneous.Other manufactured products. Pillows.Books, blank and bound. Miscellaneous.
Do.Books, blank and bound.
Do.Miscellaneous.
Do.Other manufactured products. Galvanized ware.Other manufactured products. Boxes.Bakery products, commercial. Miscellaneous farm.Toys.Brick and building tile.
Miscellaneous.Other manufactured products. Miscellaneous.Other manufactured products. Brooms.Miscellaneous farm.Brushes.Tinware.Miscellaneous farm. Miscellaneous.
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
STATE AND FEDERAL PRISONS 199T a b l e 13.— Index of products in State and Federal prisons, 1982 study— Continued
Articles produced or operationIncluded under-
Main heading Subheading
Buildings, new— ....................Bunk bottoms, repaired..........Bureaus, wood.........................Burlap......................................Butter......................................Butterfat..................................Buttermilk...............................Cabbage...................................Cabinets, metal.......................Cabinets, wood........................Calves......................................Cans, galvanized.....................Cans, tin.................. ...............Canned fruits and vegetables.. Canning labor..........................Caps, cleaned...............................Cards and tags, printed...............Caretaking of State park........... .Cases, clock, wood...................... .Cases, exhibition........................ .Cases, filing................................. .Cases, samples, leather.............. .Caskets and rough boxes............ .Cast-iron articles, miscellaneous..Castings, metal........................... .Cattle.......................................... .Chairs, caned................................Chairs, fiber.................................Chairs, metal............................... .Chairs, repaired............................Chairs, steel-frame.......................Chairs, wood................................Chaises longues........................... .Chart boards, miscellaneous........Cheese...........................................Chests, wood................................Chiffoniers, wood........................Cider............................................Cigars...........................................Cleaning and pressing suits------Cleaning canal................. ..........Cleaning streets...........................Clerical work-.............................Cloth, cleaning and polishing.Cloth finishing............................Clothes, baby, miscellaneous___Clothing cleaned and pressed__Clothing, miscellaneous..............Clothing, miscellaneous labor__Clothing repaired and pressed__Clothing repairs..........................Cloths, miscellaneous..................Cutting out pants.......................Clover seed..................................Coal..............................................Coat hangers, cloth-covered.......Coats...................... ......................Coats, women’s...........................Coffee roasting.............................Coffins and coffin boxes..............Coke.................. .........................Collar and cuff sets.....................Collars..........................................Collars, horse...............................Commodes, metal.......................Concrete articles, miscellaneous.Construction, other.....................Coolers, water.. Copper goods.. Cordage............Corn...............Corn, seed___Corn-fed hogs. Corn meal___
Construction............................Repair and shop work.............Furniture and furnishings.......Textiles and textile products. .Farm, garden, and dairy.........
.dodo, do.
Furniture and furnishings.........do__..............................Farm, garden, and dairy. _. Metal products...................
-do_Farm, garden, and dairy..........Miscellaneous, labor only.........Clothing.:.................................___ do._.....................................Printing and binding................Land development....................Furniture and furnishings........----- do.........................................___ d o ........................................Other manufactured products.. Lumber and timber products. .Metal products.........................___ do.........................................J^rm, garden, and dairy..........Repair and shop work___ ____Furniture and furnishings........— .do.......................................Repair and shop work...............Furniture and furnishings........___ d o . . .....................................___ d o ........................................Lumber and timber products. .Farm, garden, and dairy..........Furniture and furnishings........
-do.Farm, garden, and dairy...........Other manufactured products. .Clothing____________________Miscellaneous, labor only..........
do._do_
Textiles and textile products.___do..................................... .Clothing..................................
d o . . ...................................do._do._do.-do.
Textiles and textile products___Clothing........................... .........Farm, garden, and dairy............Coal mining............................... .Other manufactured products. ..Clothing......................................___ do__..................................... .Coffee roasting........................... .Lumber and timber products... Other manufactured products. _.Clothing......................................___ do....... .................................. .Harness....... ...............................Other manufactured products... Clay, cement, and stone prod
ucts.Construction...............................Other manufactured products..Metal products...... ........... .......Textiles and textile products...Farm, garden, and dairy.. — do..................... .........— d o ..............................___do_.............................
New buildings.Repair and shop work.Bureaus, chiffoniers, dressers, etc. Miscellaneous textile products. Miscellaneous dairy.
Do.Do.
Miscellaneous farm. Miscellaneous.
Do.Cattle.Galvanized ware.Tinware.Miscellaneous farm. Miscellaneous, labor only.Hats and caps.Miscellaneous, labor only. Miscellaneous.Land improvement. Miscellaneous.
Do.Do.
Other manufactured products. Miscellaneous.Castings.
Do.Cattle.Repair and shop work.Chairs, fiber.Miscellaneous.Repair and shop work. Miscellaneous.Chairs, wood.Davenports, sofas, etc. Miscellaneous.Miscellaneous dairy.Bureaus, chiffoniers, dressers,
etc.Do.
Miscellaneous farm.Other manufactured products. Miscellaneous, labor only.
Do.Do.Do.
Cotton yard goods, light. Miscellaneous textiles. Miscellaneous.Miscellaneous, labor only. Miscellaneous.Miscellaneous, labor only.
Do.Do.
Miscellaneous textile products. Miscellaneous, labor only. Miscellaneous farm.Coal mining.Other manufactured products. Coats.Overcoats.Coffee roasting.Miscellaneous.Other manufactured products. Miscellaneous.
Do.Harness.Other manufactured products. Miscellaneous.New, other than buildings and
roads.Other manufactured products. Miscellaneous.Rope, twine (not binder), and
cordage.Corn.Miscellaneous farm.
Do.Do.
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
200 PRISON LABOR IN UNITED STATES, 1932
T able 13.—Index of products in State and Federal prisons, 1982 study—Continued
Articles produced or operationIncluded under-
Main heading Subheading
Costumers, wood.......................Cots, metal................................Cotton........................................Cotton yard goods, heavy.........Cotton yard goods, light...........Cottonseed.............................Covers, furniture..................... .Covers, mattress. _....................Covers, miscellaneous...............Covers, table..............................Coveralls.............. ...................Cream and butterfat.................Cupboards.................................Cultivators................................Curtains, auto...........................Curtains, miscellaneous............Cushions....................................Cuspidors...................................Dairy products, miscellaneous..Davenports............ ......... ........Daybeds and couches, fiber___Dehydration of vegetables........Desks.........................................Desk and chair combinations...Diapers......................................Dining booths............................Disinfectants..............................Dowels, wood............................Drain-pipe solvent....................Drawers (underwear)................Dressers.....................................Dresses.......................................Dresses, infants’.........................Duck and canvas......................Dyeing.......................................Ear muffs...................................E ggs................... .......... .........Electricity..................................Ensilage.....................................Envelopes..................................Fancy work...............................Farm hands hired out-------------Farm products, miscellaneous..Fence, snow...............................Ferneries, fiber...........................Fiber articles, miscellaneous___Finger-print cabinets.................Finger-print outfits...................Flags..........................................Flagstone...................................
Furniture and furnishings.........----- do.........................................Farm, garden, and dairy...........Textiles and textile products.
.do.Farm, garden, and dairy............Textiles and textile products______ do............................. .......... .___ do......................................... .___ do......................................... .Clothing......................................Farm, garden, and dairy............Furniture and furnishings..........Agricultural implements............Textiles and textile products___
.do.Furniture and furnishings..Metal products...................Farm, garden, and dairy... Furniture and furnishings.,
do.Farm, garden, and dairy............Furniture and furnishings..........___ do............................. .......... .Textiles and textile products—Furniture and furnishings--------Other manufactured products... Lumber and timber products. Other manufactured products...Clothing......................................Furniture and furnishings..........Clothing......................................----- do......................................... .Textiles and textile products___Clothing.....................................----- do......................................... .Farm, garden, and dairy....... .Other manufactured products...Farm, garden, and dairy............Printing and binding................ .Textiles and textile products___Farm, garden, and dairy.......... .
do.
Flax fiber........................................Flaxseed..........................................Flax tow..........................................Flour milling..................................Flowers........................................... .Fodder............................................ .Footstools.......................................Folders, index cards, etc.................Foundry articles, miscellaneous___Fruits, fresh....................................Fruits and vegetables, canned....... .Furniture, miscellaneous............... .Furniture repairs.............................Galvanized ware..............................Garments, miscellaneous................Garters....................... ....................Glass strips, miscallansous_______Gleaning cylinders for hay loaders..Gloves......................................... .Goats........................................ .......Gowns, dressing..............................Grader, potato, metal.....................Grains, miscellaneous......................Gravel..............................................
Other manufactured products..Furniture and furnishings.........----- do.........................................----- do.........................................Other manufactured products. . Textiles and textile products.. . Clay, cement, and stone prod
ucts.Farm, garden, and dairy...........----- do.........................................----- do.........................................— do.........................................___ do.........................................----- do.........................................Furniture and furnishings........Printing and binding................Metal products.........................Farm, garden, and dairy...........
.do..
Grease, nonedible.................Ham, minced, bologna, etc.. Hams, smoked.....................
Furniture and furnishings........Repair and shop work...............Metal products..........................Clothing.....................................___ do.........................................Other manufactured products.. Agricultural implements, parts.Clothing......................... ..........Farm, garden, and dairy...........Clothing.....................................Metal products..........................Farm, garden, and dairy...........Clay, cement, and stone prod
ucts.Farm, garden, and dairy........___ do.........................................-----do.........................................
Miscellaneous.Beds.Cotton.Cotton yard goods, heavy. Cotton yard goods, light. Cottonseed.Miscellaneous textile products.
Do.Do.Do.
Overalls.Miscellaneous dairy. Miscellaneous.Agricultural implements. Miscellaneous textile products.
Do.Pillows.Miscellaneous.Miscellaneous dairy.Davenports, sofas, etc.
Do.Miscellaneous farm.Desks.Miscellaneous.Miscellaneous textile products. Miscellaneous.Other manufactured products. Miscellaneous.Other manufactured products. Underwear.Bureaus, chiffoniers, dressers, etc. Dresses.Miscellaneous.Duck and canvas.Miscellaneous, labor only. Miscellaneous.Miscellaneous farm.Other manufactured products. Miscellaneous farm.Envelopes.Miscellaneous textile products. Farm hands hired out. Miscellaneous farm.Other manufactured products. Miscellaneous.
Do.Do.
Other manufactured products. Flags.Stone, building.Flax industry.
Do.Do.
Miscellaneous farm.Do.Do.
Miscellaneous.Do.Do.
Miscellaneous farm.Do.
Miscellaneous.Repair and shop work. Galvanized ware.Miscellaneous.
Do.Other manufactured products. Agricultural implements, parts. Gloves and mittens. Miscellaneous livestock. Miscellaneous.
Do.Miscellaneous farm.Stone, crushed.Miscellaneous farm.
Do.Do.
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
STATE AND FEDERAL PRISONS 201T a b l e 13.—Index of products in State and Federal prisons, 1982 study—Continued
Articles produced or operationIncluded under-
Main heading Subheading
Hampers.........................................Handkerch iefs.................... . .........Handles, brush, broom, and mop..Harness......................... .................Harness repaired-..........................Hats............... ...............................Hats, cleaned and blocked............Hay........ ................ ........................Hides, cured and raw....................Hides, tanned..... ...........................Highway markers..........................Hogs................................................Honey.............................................Horses.............................................Hosiery..........................................Hospital supplies...........................Hyblum ware.................................Ice..
Baskets.....................................Clothing..................................Lumber and timber products.Harness.................. .................Repair and shop work.............Clothing...................................
do-
Iron hollow ware.............................Iron reinforcing: Cutting and bend
ing.Ironware, sheet, black.....................Jackets, bed......................................Jackets, lumber, cotton. .................Jackets, overall.................................Jackets, smoking..............................Jackets, welding..............................Janitor work.....................................Jumpers............................................Kimonas...........................................Knickers, boys’ ................................Knives..............................................Kraut................................................Labor, common................................Lambs.......... ....................................Land improvement..........................Lard..................................................Laths, wood__.................................Laundry, commercial......................Lawn products, cement...................
Farm, garden, and dairy...........___ do.......................... ..............Other manufactured products..Highway markers....... ..............Farm, garden, and dairy...........___ do.........................................----- do----------------------------------Clothing......................... ..........Other manufactured products. .Metal products______________Other manufactured products..Metal products_______ _______Miscellaneous labor only..........Metal products.Clothing............___ do.................
do.................do...do..
Miscellaneous, labor only______Clothing......................................___ do.
Layettes, infants’ .............................Leather articles, miscellaneous____Leggings, ether.™.............................Legs, hospital, knit-....................... .Letterheads..................................... .L ie, agricultural.......................... .Lime, ground................................... .Limestone dust............................... .Linens, miscellaneous...................... .Lockers.............................................Lumber............................................ .Lumber, sawing............................. .Lumber and timber products, mis
cellaneous.Mackinaws........................................Mail pouches and sacks................. .Mangels___________ ___________ _Markers, billboard (small stampings)Masks, operating...............................Mats, coir..........................................Mats, textile......................................Matting, rubber...............................Mattresses.........................................Mattresses, renovated.......................Metal articles, miscellaneous............Milk, skim........................................Milk, sweet...................................... .Mill headings................................... .M ill work .......................................... .Mirrors..............................................Miscellaneous manufactured articlesMittens..............................................Molasses........................................... .Monuments..................................... .
___ do.......... ...............................Metal products........... ...............Farm, garden, and dairy............Miscellaneous, labor only... .......Farm, garden, and dairy............Land development......................Farm, garden, and dairy............Lumber and timber products.Laundry, commercial.................Clay, cement, and stone prod
ucts.Clothing......................................Other manufactured products...Clothing............ .........................
.do.Printing and binding........... ......Clay, cement, and stone products.___ do...........................................___ do...........................................Textiles and textile products___Furniture and furnishings..........Lumber and timber products.Miscellaneous, labor only______Lumber and timber products___Clothing......................................Textiles and textile products___Farm, garden, and dairy............Metal products.............. .......... .Textiles and textile products___Other manufactured products...Textiles and textile products___Other manufactured products...Furniture and furnishings..........Repair and shop work................Metal products. .........................Farm, garden, and dairy............
.do.
Monuments, labor only.Mops.............................. .Mowers...........................Mules..............................
Textiles and textile products___Lumber and timber products...Furniture and furnishings..........Other manufactured products...Clothing......................................Farm, garden, and dairy...........Clay, cement, and stone prod
ucts.Miscellaneous, labor only_....... .Brooms, brushes, and mops___Agricultural implements...........Farm, garden, and dairy...........
Baskets.Handkerchiefs.Miscellaneous.Harness.Repair and shop work.Hats and caps.Miscellaneous, labor only.Hay.Miscellaneous farm.Other manufactured products. Highway markers.Hogs.Miscellaneous farm. Miscellaneous livestock.Hosiery.Other manufactured products. Aluminum ware.Other manufactured products. Iron hollow ware.Miscellaneous labor only.Miscellaneous.
Do.Overalls.
Do.Coats.Miscellaneous.Miscellaneous, labor only. Overalls.Miscellaneous.Pants.Miscellaneous.Miscellaneous farm. Miscellaneous, labor only. Miscellaneous livestock.Land improvement. Miscellaneous farm. Miscellaneous.Laundry, commercial. Miscellaneous.
Do.Other manufactured products. Miscellaneous.
Do.Letterheads.Lime and agricultural limestone.
Do.Do.
Miscellaneous textile products. Miscellaneous.Lumber.Miscellaneous, labor only. Miscellaneous.Overcoats.Bags.Miscellaneous farm. Miscellaneous.Miscellaneous textile products. Other manufactured products. Miscellaneous textile products. Other manufactured products. Mattresses.Repair and shop work. Miscellaneous.Miscellaneous dairy.Milk.Miscellaneous textiles.Millwork.Miscellaneous.Other manufactured products. Gloves and mittens. Miscellaneous farm. Miscellaneous.Miscellaneous, labor only.Mops.Agricultural implements. Miscellaneous livestock.
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
202 PRISON LABOR IN UNITED STATES, 1932
T a b l e 13.— Index of products in State and Federal prisons, 1982 study— Continued
Articles produced or operationIncluded under-
Main heading Subheading
Napkins.............................................Neckties.............................................Needlework....................... ...............Nightgowns and nightshirts.............Nightgowns, infants’ .........................Oats...................................................Ottomans...........................................Overalls.............................................Overalls, children’s............................Overcoats__________ ____ ________Packing and shipping (includes
materials and labor).Pads, bed...........................................Pads, mattress...................................Pads, silence......................................Pajamas.............................................Pamphlets.........................................Pans, fern..........................................Pants.............................................. .Parts, spare, agricultural imple
ments.Patterns, cap.....................................Patterns, wood................................. .Peanuts.............................................Pedestals, wood.................................Pelts, sheep...................................... .Petticoats...........................................Pickles.............................................. .Pigs....................................................Pillowcases....................................... .Pillows...............................................Pillows, renovated........................... .Pipe cement.....................................
Textile and textile products.._Clothing....... ................. .........Textiles and textile products.. Clothing...................................
_do_.Farm, garden, and dairy............Furniture and furnishings..........Clothing......................................----- do..........................................___ do.........................................Other manufactured products.Textiles and textile products______ do..........................................___ do..........................................Clothing....................... ..............Printing and binding.................Metal products...........................Clothing......................................Agricultural implements, parts..Textiles and textile products___Lumber and timber products.Farm, garden, and dairy______Furniture and furnishings..........Farm, garden, and dairy............Clothing.....................................Farm, garden, and dairy............
.do.
Pipe, galvanized, corrugated .Plants, vegetable___________Plugs, bed, wood...................Polish, floor and furniture— Posts, concrete........................Posts, wood, fence.............................Potatoes, sweet.................................Potatoes, white..................................Poultry...............................................Powder, scouring............. .................Printing, miscellaneous.-.................Prospecting for coal...........................Pups, bloodhound-..........................Quilting, miscellaneous.....................Quilts..................................................Rabbits..............................................Rags...................................................Railroad.............................................Racks, iron, galvanized-..................Raincapes...........................................Raincoats.-........................................Rakes, delivery..................................Rakes, dump.....................................Reforestation......................................Remnants, burlap.............................Repairing sewing machines........... .Repair work and miscellaneous shop-
work.Restoring land............... ...................Rice-..............................—.........Roads, new_________ ____________Roads, repaired...............................Robes, ecclesiastical............... ...........Rompers, children’s...........................Rope...................................................
Textiles and textile products___Furniture and furnishings..........Repairs and shop work............. .Clay, cement, and stone prod
ucts.Metal products--...................... .Farm, garden, and dairy....... —Lumber and timber products. Other manufactured products... Clay, cement, and stone prod
ucts.Lumber and timber products...Farm, garden, and dairy............
do..do..
Soap and soap powder.........Printing and binding............Miscellaneous, labor only------Farm, garden, and dairy.......Textiles and textile products,
.do..Farm, garden, and dairy.......Textiles and textile products.Construction..........................Metal products . ....................Clothing..................................
.do-Agricultural implements........----- do......................................Land developments...............Textiles and textile products.Miscellaneous, labor only___Repair and shop work______Land development.......... .Farm, garden, and dairy..Construction.................... .
do..
Rugs.......................Rye.........................Salvaged products.. Sand.......................
Clothing.................................___ do......................................Textiles and textile products.
-do..
Sandals, bathing.............Sanitaries______ _______Scarfs, dresser and table-
Farm, garden, and dairy...........Repair and shop work...............Clay, cement, and stone prod
ucts.Clothing.....................................Textiles and textile products_____ do.......................................
Miscellaneous textile products. Miscellaneous.Miscellaneous textile products. Pajamas and nightgowns. Miscellaneous.Miscellaneous farm. Miscellaneous.Overalls.Children’s play suits.Overcoats.Other manufactured products.Miscellaneous textile products.
Do.Do.
Pajamas and nightgowns. Miscellaneous.
Do.Pants.Agricultural implements, parts.Miscellaneous textile products. Miscellaneous.Miscellaneous farm. Miscellaneous.Miscellaneous farm.Underwear.Miscellaneous farm.Hogs.Pillowcases.Pillows.Repairs and shop work.Concrete pipe.Miscellaneous.Miscellaneous farm. Miscellaneous.Other manufactured products Concrete posts.Miscellaneous?Potatoes.
Do.Miscellaneous farm.Soap and soap powder. Miscellaneous.Miscellaneous, labor only. Miscellaneous livestock. Miscellaneous textile products. Blankets.Miscellaneous livestock. Miscellaneous textile products. Railroad.Miscellaneous.
Do.Do.
Agricultural implements.Do.
Reforestation.Miscellaneous textile products. Miscellaneous, labor only.Repair and shop work.Land improvement. Miscellaneous farm.Roads, new.Roads, repaired.Miscellaneous clothing.
Do.Rope, twine (not binder), and
cordage.Miscellaneous textile products. Miscellaneous farm.Repair and shop work. Miscellaneous.
Do.Miscellaneous textile products.
Do.
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
STATE AND FEDERAL PRISONS 203T a b l e 13.— Index of products in State and Federal prisons, 1932 study— Continued
Articles produced or operationIncluded under-
Main heading Subheading
Scows___________________________ New, other than buildings and roads.
Miscellaneous.Scrapers_________________________ Metal products . __________Screens, door and window........ ........ Other manufactured products. . .
Textiles and textile products___Fiirnitnro arid furnishings
Other manufactured products. Miscellaneous textile products. Miscellaneous.
Seats, chair, hooked......................... .Seats, wood, saddle_______________Settees___________________ _______ ____do___ ___________ Davenports, sofas, etc.
Miscellaneous textile products. Do.
Shades, lamp, cloth............... ........... Tp.Yt.ilft and t.p.Yt.ilfi prndnntsShades, window................ ................Shaves and haircuts. _ ...................... Miscellaneous, labor only______ Miscellaneous, labor only.
Miscellaneous livestock. M iscellaneous.
Sheep....... ................................. ........ Farm, garden, and dairy ,Sheet-metal articles, miscellaneous.. Sheets............................. ...................
Metal products _ __________Textiles and textile products-----
____do___ __________________Sheets.
Sheets, drop, duck......................... Miscellaneous textile products. Do.Sheets, rubber___________________ __do___ _______________
Shelvfis, mftt.al, rnisrAllanp.nns Metal products ______________ Miscellaneous.Shirts, baby....................................... Clothing____________________ _ Do.Shirts, dress_________ ____________ ____do_________________ _____ - Shirts, dress.
Shirts, work.Shoes, new.Shoes, repaired. Miscellaneous. "
Shirts, work....................................... ....... do...........................................Shoes____ _____ __________________ ____do________________________Shoos, repaired...... ....... ___do________________________Shovels, snow____________________ Lumber and timber products . . .
Fiirnit.iirA and furnishingsSideboards_______________________ Do.Do.Do.
Repair and shop work. Miscellaneous farm products. Shoes, new.
Signboards_______________________ Lumber and timber products— Metal products ___________Signs, metal______________________
Signs, repainting and refinishing___Skins
Repair and shop workFarm, garden, and dairy______
Slippers__________________ _______ ClothingSlips................................................... ....... do_________ _____ _________ Underwear.Smocks........................, ..................... __ do___ __________________ Aprons.
Soap and soap powder. Davenports, sofas, etc.Other manufactured products. Miscellaneous farm.
Soap____________________________ Soap and soap powder_________Sofas__________ __________ _______ Furniture and furnishings..........
Other manufactured products.. . Farm, garden, and dairy______
Softeners (washing soda, etc.)______Sorghum cane____________________Speltz________ __________________ ____do......................................... . Do.Spreads_______ _________________ Textiles and textile products___
Furniture and furnishings_____Spreads.Miscellaneous.
Do.Springs, steel, bed________________Stands, miscellaneous_____________ d o ....................................... .Steel work_______________________ Metal products_______________ Do.Stepladders, wood________________ Lumber and timber products. . .
Clay, cement, and stone products.
....... do...........................................
Do.Stone, building___________________ Stone, building.
Do.Stone, cast__________ ___ _________Stone, crushed________________ '__ ....... do........................................... Stone, crushed.Stone, cut and dressed____________ ____do________ _____ _________ Stone, building.
Miscellaneous.Stone products, miscellaneous______ ___do________________________Stools___________________________ Furniture and furnishings______ Do.Stoves, iron______________________ Metal products_______________ Do.Strait jackets_____________________ Textiles and textile products___ !
____do________________________Miscellaneous textile products.
Do.Straps, laundry__________________Straps, shoulder and suspensories
(hospital).Straw___________________________
____do________________________ Do.Farm, garden, and dairy_______l Miscellaneous farm.
Sugar___________________________ Sugar________ _____ _________ > Sugar.Sugarcane.Sugarcane________________________ Farm, garden, and dairy_______
Suits____________________________ Clothing_____________________ Suits.Suits, play_______________________ ____do________________________ Children’s play suits.
Miscellaneous.Surplices_________________________ ....... do...........................................Suspenders_______________________ ....... do.................................. ........ Do.Suspensories_____________________ Textiles and textile products___ Miscellaneous textile products.
Other manufactured products. Do.
Swatters, fly__________ _________ Other manufactured products. „ ____do__________ _____________Sweeping compound______________
Switch boxes, electric_____________ Metal products.____ _________ Electric switch boxes. Miscellaneous farm.Sirup, maple_____________________ Farm, garden, and dairy_______
Tablecloths______________________ Textiles and textile products___Furniture and furnishings........
Miscellaneous textile products. Tables.Tables............................................—
Tables, ironing, wood_____________ .......do.......... ........................ ........ Miscellaneous.Tags, auto license_________________ Metal products____ __________ Auto license tags.
Tags, miscellaneous. Miscellaneous.
Tags, miscellaneous_______________ ____do_______ __________ _____Tailored items, miscellaneous______ Clothing__________ __________Tallow______________________ ____ Farm, garden, and dairy_______ Miscellaneous farm.Tankage (hog food)_______________ .......do________ _______________ Do.Tarpaulins_______________________ Textiles and textile products___
.......do.......... ........................... ....Miscellaneous textile products.
Do.Tents and tent flies_______________Textile articles, miscellaneous______ ____do........................................ Do.Ticks, bed and pillow_____________ ____do..... .............................. ...... Do.Ties, cedar.......................................... Lumber and timber products___ Miscellaneous.
2574°—33----- 14
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204 PRISON LABOR IN UNITED STATES, 1932
T a b le 13.— Index of products in State and Federal prisons, 1932 study— Continued
Articles produced or operationIncluded under-
Main heading SubheadingTile, building .Tile, drain....... ...............................Tile, roofing, Spanish.............. .........Tinware..................................... —Tobacco..........................................Tobacco, chewing________________Tobacco, smoking______ ____ _____Toweling.......................................... .Towels— ............................... ..........Toys, miscellaneous...................... .Trees................... .............. .......... .Trucks, post-office and laundry,
canvas.Tracks, tongue..................................Trucks, transport..............................Tubing, pillow....... ........................Tubing, knitted wrist............. ........Turnips— ......................................Twine, novelty..................................
Clay, cement, and stone products.
----- dodo............................... .........
Metal products.........................Farm, garden, and dairy........Other manufactured products.___ do--------------------------- ------Textiles and textile products...
..do.......................................Toys..Farm, garden, and dairy_____Other manufactured products.Agricultural implements_______ do.................... .................Textiles and textile products.Clothing----------------------------Farm, garden, and dairy.......Textiles and textile products .
Typewriters repaired........................Underwear, babies’ ...........................Underwear, men’s, women’s, and
children’s. "Uniforms, other than prison............ .Uniforms, prison............ ................. .Unionalls......................................... .Vanities, wood................................. .Ventilators, window........................ .Vests................................................. .Vinegar............................................. .Wagons, farm................................... .Waists, boys’ .....................................Wagon repairing.............................. .Wardrobes, wood________________ _
Repair and shop work..Clothing............... .......___ do............................
-do-..do-..do..
Furniture and furnishings....... .Other manufactured products..Clothing............ .......................Farm, garden, and dairy......... .Agricultural implements.........Clothing................................... .Repair and shop work.............Furniture and furnishings____
Waste, cotton...........................Wax, floor.................................Wheat.......................................Whips......... —......................Willows, peeled (for baskets) ~. Wire products, miscellaneous..Wood, fuel................................Wool.........................................Wool yard goods......................Wrappers, women’s.................Yard work, general..................Yarn, cotton and wool.............
Textiles and textile products. . Other manufactured products.Farm, garden, and dairy.........Whips................................ .......Lumber and timber products..Metal products........................Lumber and timber products..Farm, garden, and dairy.........Textiles and textile products...Clothing...................................Land development...................Textiles and textile products. _
Brick and building tile.Miscellaneous.
Do.Tinware.Miscellaneous farm.Other manufactured products.
Do.Cotton yard goods, light.Towels.Toys.Miscellaneous farm.Other manufactured products.Agricultural implements.
Do.Cotton yard goods, light. Miscellaneous.Miscellaneous farm.Rope, twine (not binder), and
cordage.Repair and shop work. Miscellaneous.Underwear.Miscellaneous.Uniforms, prison.Overalls.Bureaus, chiffoniers, dressers, etc. Other manufactured products. Miscellaneous.Miscellaneous farm.Agricultural implements.Shirts, dress.Repair and shop work.Bureaus, chiffoniers, dressers,
etc.Miscellaneous textiles.Other manufactured products. Wheat.Whips.Miscellaneous.
Do.Do.
Miscellaneous farm.Wool yard goods.Miscellaneous.Land improvement.Yarn, cotton and wool.
County and City JailsIn October 1932 at about the same time that agents were sent to
Federal and State penal institutions, the Bureau of Labor Statistics mailed questionnaires to each of the 3,072 counties in the United States, and to each of the 92 cities having a population of 100,000 or over, asking for information concerning prison labor in county and city jails.
Reports were received from 2,721, or 88.6 percent, of the total number of counties in the United States. The counties reporting contain 93.2 percent of the total population of the United States. Replies were received from all counties in the States of California, Connecticut, Delaware, Massachusetts, Michigan, Nevada, North Dakota, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Vermont, Washington, and Wyoming. The questionnaire asked for data as of the time of receipt of the form. Many counties reported as of October 1932, others for dates in November and December 1932, and still others for January or February 1933.
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COUNTY AND CITY JAILS 205Table 14 shows the number of prisoners under sentence in county
jails in the United States, reported as employed, by States and by type of work performed by the prisoners.T a b l e 14.— Number of prisoners under sentence in county jails in the United
States reported as employed, 1932-33, by States and type of work
State
Alabama..............Arizona...............Arkansas.............California............Colorado.—.........Connecticut____Delaware........... .Florida................Georgia................Idaho...................Illinois.................Indiana...............Iowa....................Kansas.................Kentucky______Louisiana............Maine.................Maryland______Massachusetts...Michigan...........Minnesota...........Mississippi..........Missouri..............Montana.............Nebraska.............Nevada...............New Hampshire.New Jersey.........New Mexico.......New York...........North Carolina..North Dakota___Ohio....................Oklahoma............Oregon.................Pennsylvania___Rhode Island___South Carolina-South Dakota___Tennessee............Texas...................Utah....................Vermont________Virginia...............Washington.........West Virginia___Wisconsin............Wyoming______
Total.........Percent___
Total number of counties
6714755863 8 3
6715944
10292 99
10512064 16 24 14 8387 82
1145693 17 10 21 31 62
1005388 77 36 675
466995
2542914
10039557124
3, 072
Counties reporting
Number
611253586283
6210843
1017054 15 23 14 83 77 73
10555
192861865383703667 4
3368 75
20528148039437024
2,721
Percent of State population
91.587.269.6
100.099.0
100.0 100.094.668.399.097.797.995.795.659.385.898.199.4
100.0 100.094.089.796.098.295.8
100.088.497.686.098.487.5
100.095.392.2
100.0 100.093.973.498.682.482.298.6
100.085.4
100.080.199.2
100.093.2
Number of prisoners under sentence reported as employed at—
Ordinary
prison duties, idle,
sick, or invalid
463 141 232
2,79520249674
380745331
1,047782683355407464 545 294 945 754 678 334 792 248 3947194
95067
1,662458149
1,405844275
4,26783
241144 670
1,26069
145 881 442 884
1,212 114
30,96870.4
Roadwork
4410
62773
300
7882,348
16007
153829100000
60200106
4009
6520
20101200
94513
931320033
21610
8,26018.8
Farm,garden,
anddairywork
200
41890
720
44111
000
143 2
5100
192384
1628040
111124
0266148
1023
455161315
1667200204
1420
2,3955.4
Otherwork
2600
5316
3420
25200
5032030
570
230773
150
1313
470
15410
114
62481143
42984000770
4810
2,3915.4
Total
950 141 335
3,710 221 910 74
1,237 3,224
347 1,097
785 706 511 494 606 602 294
1,367 799 689
1,101 815 248 412 72
214 1,161
67 2,091 1,259
150 1,436
860 352
5.203 242
1.203 201
1,851 1,364
69 145 893 452
1,104 1,836
11444,014
100.0
It should be borne in mind that the figures shown in the tables herein refer to prisoners actually sentenced. Persons detained in jail, awaiting trial or for other reasons, were not included in the present study.
“ Ordinary prison duties” include cooking, cleaning, and care of jail buildings and yards and usually provide little more than a nominal job for the inmates. In this group have also been classified the idle, sick, and invalid inmates.
The 2,721 reporting counties had a total prison population of 44,014. Of these prisoners, 30,968, or 70.4 percent, were engaged in ordinary
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prison duties, or were sick or idle; 8,260, or 18.8 percent, were engaged m road work; 2,395, or 5.4 percent, were engaged in farm, garden, or dairy work; 2,391, or 5.4 percent, were engaged in other work, consisting for the most part of manufacturing articles either for use in the prison or for sale.
The type of work performed by the prisoners varies greatly in the different States. In a number of the Southern States, notably Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Tennessee, the majority of prisoners were engaged in road work. Some States employed no prisoners on any work except ordinary prison duties. This was true in Arizona, Delaware, Maryland, Montana, New Mexico, Utah, Vermont, and Wyoming. The States wherein city and county prisoners engaged extensively in manufacturing were Connecticut, Massachusetts, New York, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin.
Table 15 shows the number of prisoners under sentence in city jails in cities of the United States having a population of 100,000 or over, by cities and by type of labor performed by the inmates.
206 PRISON LABOR IN UNITED STATES, 1932
T a b l e 15.— Number of prisoners under sentence in jails, in cities with population of 100,000 or over, reported as employed, by cities and type of work
C ity1
Number of prisoners under sentence reported as employed at—
City
Number of prisoners under sentence reported as employed at—
Ordinary prison duties or as
sick, idle, and
invalid
Roadwork
Farm,garden,and
dairy
Otherwork Total
Ordinary prison duties or as
sick, idle, and
invalid
Roadwork
Farm,garden,and
dairy
Otherwork Total
Akron______ 2 0 0 5 7 Miami______ 28 0 0 44 72Atlanta......... 119 155 25 0 299 Newark......... 145 0 5 0 150Baltimore___ 642 0 0 115 757 New Orleans. 199 0 0 0 199Birmingham. 31 120 9 16 176 New York__ 2,947 213 304 1,250 4,714Bridgeport... 138 0 6 39 183 Norfolk......... 147 0 0 0 147Camden........ 32 0 45 0 77 Oakland........ 101 0 0 10 111Chattanooga. 12 20 0 0 32 OklahomaChicago......... 213 0 0 0 213 City........... 100 0 0 0 100Cincinnati. __ 154 0 0 214 368 Omaha.......... 28 0 0 0 28Cleveland___ 129 0 316 320 765 Paterson....... 42 0 8 0 50Columbus__ 75 0 0 0 75 P o r t l a n d ,Dallas........... 0 0 0 24 24 Oreg........... 25 0 0 11 36Dayton......... 127 0 38 0 165 Richmond... 44 0 0 0 44Denver.......... 6 0 0 0 6 Salt LakeDes Moines.. 6 0 0 0 6 City______ 9 0 0 3 12Detroit.......... 27 0 0 0 27 San Antonio. 85 0 0 0 85Duluth......... 7 0 0 0 7 San Diecro___ 7 0 0 0 7Elizabeth___ 71 0 0 0 71 San Francisco 13 0 0 0 13El Paso_____ 19 68 0 0 87 Seattle........... 63 0 0 0 63Erie............... 15 0 0 0 15 Spokane........ 26 0 0 0 26Flint............. 19 0 0 0 19 St. Louis 340 0 0 0 340Fort Wayne.. 40 0 0 0 40 St. Paul____ 70 0 0 0 70Houston____ 31 0 0 0 31 Tacoma_____ 27 0 0 0 27Jacksonville— 26 0 145 0 171 Toledo.......... 35 0 0 0 35Kansas City, Tulsa............ 52 0 0 4 56
Kans.......... 13 0 0 0 13 Utica............. 43 0 0 0 43Kansas City, Wichita......... 22 0 0 0 22
M o............. 10 0 0 0 10Long Beach.. 35 0 0 0 35 Total. . . . 7,806 608 907 2,125 11,446Los Angeles.. 1,027 32 6 70 1,135 Percent— 68.2 5.3 7.9 18.6 100.0Louisville___ 182 0 0 0 182
1 Prisoners in the following cities are reported as incarcerated in county jails: Albany, N.Y., Boston, Mass., Buffalo, N.Y., Cambridge, Mass., Evansville, Ind., Fall River, Mass., Fort Worth, Tex., Gary, Ind., Grand Rapids, Mich., Hartford, Conn., Indianapolis, Ind., Knoxville, Tenn., Lowell, Mass., Lynn, Mass., Memphis, Tenn., Milwaukee, Wis., Minneapolis, Minn., Nashville, Tenn., New Bedford, Mass., New Haven, Conn., Peoria, 111., Philadelphia, Pa., Pittsburgh, Pa., Providence, R.I., Reading, Pa., Rochester, N.Y., Scranton, Pa., Somerville, Mass., South Bend, Ind., Springfield, Mass., Syracuse, N.Y., Tampa, Fla., Trenton, N. J., Washington, D.C., Waterbury, Conn., Wilmington, Del., Worcester, Mass. Yonkers, N.Y., and Youngstown, Ohio.
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COUNTY AND CITY JAILS 207Of the 92 cities having a population of 100,000 or over, 39 (noted in
table 15) have no city jails in which to confine prisoners sentenced for any crimes. In these cities the jails are used simply as detention quarters, and the prisoners, after being sentenced, are incarcerated in the county jail.
In the 53 cities which confine sentenced prisoners in city jails, 11,446 prisoners were confined. Of these prisoners, 7,806, or 68.2 percent, worked at ordinary prison duties or were sick or idle; 608, or 5.3 percent worked at road work; 907, or 7.9 percent, at farm, garden, and dairy work; and 2,125, or 18.6 percent, at other work, mostly manufacturing.
In 31 of these cities prisoners did no work other than ordinary prison duties; 6 of the cities employed prisoners on road work; 11 employed prisoners in farm, garden, and dairy work; and 14 used prisoners for manufacturing articles.
Reports from 13 county and city institutions indicated that articles were being manufactured, on an extensive scale. An additional form therefore was sent to these institutions asking for detailed information and replies were received from 12. Table 16 presents these data.
T a b l e 16.— Number of prisoners employed, and number and value of articles manufactured and sold during year in specified city and county jails
State and institution
Average
Articles producedValue
Articles manufactured
number
of inmates
engaged
Number Value
Value of articles
sold
of articles used in State institutions
Chairs and rockers.. 165 10,700 $40,000.00 $40,000.00 0)Chairs...................... 130 42,168 36,180.00 35,980.00 $200.00
Brushes and wire 140 (2) 286,325.00 286,325.00 0)goods.
Chair seats............... 57 21,4552,795
1,738.01 1,738.01 0)Repairing and re- 14 2,740.51 2,740.51 0)caning chairs.Pants....... ............... 3 3 270 742.50 (4) 742.50
Brooms.................... 27 72,041 32,206.00 (4) 32,206.00Brushes.................... 1 6,947 1,405.25 (v 1,405.25Beds......................... 2 356 2,492.00 (4) 2,492.00Beds (repaired)........ 7 2,804 7,828.00 (4) 7,828.00Suits......................... 1 260 1,300.00 (4) 1,300.00
16 8,396 18,925.00 <4) 18,925.00Sheets....................... 4,701 1,863.66 (4) 1,863.66Pillow cases............. 4,571 631.33 (4) 631.33Pillow ticks.............. 2,147 407.93 (4) 407.93Dresses..................... 402 389.25 389.25Aprons..................... 17 1.70 W 1.70Caps....... ................. » 19 2,512 606.55 (4) 606.55Underdrawers(men’s) 55 10.45 10.45Undershirts (men’s) 6,893 896.09 (4) 896.09Shirts....................... 1,000 480.00 (4) 480.00Gloves, men's........... * 2,500 250.00 (4) 250.00Scarfs, dresser.......... 40 4.00 (4) 4.00Rugs.................. 140 35.00 (4) 35.00
CONNECTICUT
Hartford County jail.................... .New Haven County jail................
MARYLAND
Baltimore City jail_____________MASSACHUSETTS
Hampden County jail, Springfield. Hampshire County jail, North
ampton.Plymouth County house of correc
tion, PlymouthNEW YORK
Reformatory prison, Harts Island.
Women’s farm colony, Grey Court.
* None used. * Not reported. 8 Pairs. < None sold.
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208 PRISON LABOR IN UNITED STATES, 1932
T a b l e 16,— Number of prisoners employed, and number and value of articles manufactured and sold during year in specified city and county jails— Contd.
Average
Articles producedValue
State and institution Articles manufactured
number
of inmates
engaged
Number Value
Value of articles
sold
of articles used in State institutions
OHIOOincinP&ti workhonsa _ _ Shirts____________ 1,165
1,4701,0071,7355,889
19874
$326.20 352.80
(4) $326.20352.8070.49
Sheets____________ (4)Pillowcases________ 70.49Underwear________ 832.80 (4) 832.80Towels____________ > 7 412.23 (4) 412.23Kitchen jackets____Mattress covers.......Dresses___________
7.60 71.21 1.12
(*\i
7.60 71.21 1.12
Coats, men’s______ 140 504.00 (•) 504.00PENNSYLVANIA
Lehigh County prison, Allentown. Rag carpet________ 12 *9,323 3,859.52 $3,859.52 0)TENNESSEE
Shelby County penal farm, Memphis.
WISCONSINLumber________ __ 5 «140,000 2,100.00 (<) 2,100.00
House of correction, Milwaukee Chairs, wood______ 273 60,74811,548 2,048
434
69.860.0046.192.00 2,048.00
326.00
69.643.0046.178.00 2,048.00
184.00
217.00County.
Tables, wood...........Benches, radio, wood Stools, wood_______
18081
14.000)142.00(l)Buffets, wood_____ 10 285 2,565.00
632.002,565.00
632.00Wall brackets, etc... 2 263 «Total _______ ________ 1,080 567,619.20 491,893.04 75,726.16
1 None used. 4 None sold. * Yards. • Board feet sawed.
The total value of articles manufactured in these institutions was $567,619.20, of which $491,893.04, or 86.7 percent, was to be sold and $75,726.16, or 13.3 percent, was to be used by various State institutions.
The county and city institutions engaged in manufacturing were located for the most part in the New England States and New York. There was 1 institution, however, in Maryland, 1 in Ohio, 1 in Pennsylvania, 1 in Tennessee, and 1 in Wisconsin.
There was a daily average of 1,080 prisoners engaged in the making of the articles enumerated. This is 21.1 percent of the total number of inmates in these 12 institutions. Brushes, brooms, and wire goods accounted for the greater proportion of the value of the articles manufactured. Chairs accounted for the next greatest value. While the value of the goods sold accounted for the larger proportion of the total value of the goods produced, many of the institutions made all goods either for their institutions or for other institutions in the State.
Arguments and Opinions For and Against Prison LaborIn addition to compiling information concerning prison labor from
the records of the institutions, the Bureau of Labor Statistics obtained from prison wardens and other interested parties statements of their opinions concerning conditions of employment in the various
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penal institutions, and also opinions for and against the different systems now in vogue in both Federal and State penal institutions.
Arguments Presented by American Prison Association and OsborneAssociation, Inc.
The following extract from the pamphlet, Fundamental Questions Concerning Prison Labor, published by the American Prison Association and the Osborne Association, Inc., presents arguments for and against the different systems of prison labor.
What are some of the arguments for and against the lease system?In favor: (1) It is the easiest way to solve the prison employment problem.
(2) The State is under no expense to house, feed, and clothe its prisoners. Against: (1) It is peonage; permits the exploitation of the prisoner; is usually
conducted cruelly and does absolutely nothing to reform or improve the prisoner.
(2) This system has been officially repudiated by all States.What are some of the arguments for and against the contract labor system?
In favor: (1) It makes possible the steady and efficient employment of the prisoners without placing any additional burden or risk upon the State.
(2) It affords some opportunities for vocational training and teachesthe prisoner to work under modern competitive conditions.
(3) In theory, the system presents a method of sound competition,efficient management, and the highest financial return to the State and to the prisoner.
Against: (1) The system permits the exploitation of the prisoner for the private profit of a contractor. Since the contractor is allowed to exact a “ task” and enforce it, it encourages sweatshop conditions and has sometimes resulted in brutalities.
(2) Concentrating the efforts of prisoners on 1 or 2 types of work, largely the kinds which do not require much skill, places the burden of prison competition on a few industries. The use of cheap convict labor enables the contractor to dump his output upon the open market, thus depressing the working conditions, wages, and standards of free labor and private industry.
What are some of the arguments for and against the public-account system?In favor: (1) The State keeps all disciplinary problems in its own hands, sets the
daily work task, and there can be no complaint that greedy private interests use slave-driving methods or that the prisoner is exploited.
(2) It provides opportunity for vocational training under the guidance of State officers, makes practical the diversification of the output of prison industries, and makes possible prison employment under normal industrial conditions.
Against: (1) It places upon the State most difficult practical problems connected with the operation of industries. It requires a large amount of capital and opens the door to possible graft and inefficiency.
(2) Selling the products of the prison industries in the open market ismost difficult and involves tremendous overhead, unless the goods are dumped on the market at distress prices, thus depressing the market.
(3) The tendency is to concentrate in 1 or 2 main lines of work.What axe some of the arguments for and against the State-use system?
In favor: (1) The principal argument in favor of this system is that it eliminates direct competition of prison-made goods with the products of free labor, since none of the goods are sold on the open market.
(2) The proponents of State use declare that it forces diversification ofprison industries, thus broadening the opportunities for vocational training.
(3) The welfare of the prisoners remains in the hands of the Stateauthorities.
(4) It makes possible some return from the labor of the prisoner, overand above the operation costs.
ARGUMENTS FOR AND AGAINST PRISON LABOR 209
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Against: (1) The requirements of the State do not provide a sufficient market for the labor of prisoners, and idleness and inefficiency result.
(2) Competition under the State-use system is not eliminated; rather itintensifies and concentrates the competition with certain types of industries which have specialized in meeting the needs of the State.
(3) More harm can be done by competing with some of the relativelysmall industries which specialize on filling the requirements of the State than can be done if the prisoners are employed in a large Nation-wide industry and goods sold in the open market.
(4) The opponents of State use declare that it makes diversification ofindustries difficult, reduces the possibility of vocational training, and results in idleness.
(5) It is difficult to adminster because of the necessity of meeting thevaried needs and standards of State institutions and agencies. The experience of some of the States indicates that it is impractical unless the law requires every tax-supported institution and agency, including the counties and municipalities, to procure their needs from the prisons.
Attitude of Organized LaborOrganized labor has repeatedly stated that it favors employment
of convicts, but it has always fought the sale of prison-made goods in the open market because it believes it depresses the wage standards and working conditions of free labor. The following excerpt from a letter of Mr. Samuel Gompers, former president of the American Federation of Labor, on the subject of prison labor, describes the attitude of organized labor:
* * * The organized labor movement has been in accord with the position that men, or rather human beings, deprived of their choice of action and of their liberty must not be kept in absolute idleness. In addition to the fact that it is natural for a man to work, work is also civilizing and developing and educational. All persons must have work of some kind. The only question is what kind of work. The only question that has developed in connection with convicts is what kind of work shall they do and under what conditions shall that work be performed in order that the convicts may get the greatest advantage out of the work and at the same time that there shall be no injury done to free workers through the products of prison labor.
What the organized labor movement has concerned itself with has been the nature of the work done by convicts and safeguards to prevent the products of their labor from coming in competition with the products of free labor and in that way undermining the standards and conditions of work which the free workers have established themselves. This position of the American Federation of Labor has been repeatedly endorsed.
This policy has never been modified by the American Federation of Labor.
Statements of Prison OfficialsPractically all officials of Federal and State penal institutions fur
nished the bureau with written opinions concerning labor problems in their institutions. The prison officials and practically all outside persons and organizations interested have agreed that it is necessary to keep prisoners employed. One prison official states: “ Idleness among prisoners is universally acknowledged to be degenerating both morally and physically. It encourages degeneracy, breeds contempt for society, and complicates discipline within the prison. Work is an essential part of the theory of punishment. Work is curative and an essential factor in the rehabilitation of a prisoner. The maintaining of a penal institution imposes a heavy burden on the taxpayer, and work for prisoners reduces this burden.”
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While practically all authorities have agreed that it is better for the prisoners to work, there is a vast disagreement as to the kind of work that the prisoners should do. In fact, there are many reasons for opposition to prison labor. Among these are the dumping of prison-made goods on the open market, regardless of the effect upon normal industry; the exploitation of prison labor for private profit; and in some institutions the concentration of prison labor on a few items, with the result that skilled labor has been forced out of employment in those branches. The competition of prison labor seems to be felt by manufacturers and free labor mostly in times of business depression and wide-spread unemployment. At such times the attention of the public is focused disproportionately on what is labeled “ unfair competition. ” There is also a general prejudice against the Federal Government or a State government engaging in any kind of business.
Mr. Sanford Bates, Director of Bureau of Prisons of the United States Department of Justice, has in the following letter stated in brief the attitude of the Federal prison officials towards the subject of prison labor.
M a y 24, 1933.Mr. C h a r l e s E. B a ld w in ,
Acting Commissioner of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor,Washington, D.C.
D e a r S ir : Y o u ask in your letter of April 10, 1933, for a statement concerning the prison labor situation. Broadly speaking, the prisons of the country seem to me to be no nearer a solution of the employment problem than they were in 1923, when your last monograph on convict labor was published. I think that I cannot be successfully contradicted when I say that today there is more idleness in most of the prisons of the country than ever, those private manufacturers affected are more vociferous and uncompromising in their attitude than heretofore, labor is still unsatisfied, and the public remains uninformed and indifferent.
Anyone who is familiar with the prisons of this country realizes that they are afflicted with two fundamental evils—overcrowding and idleness. The former of these can be overcome through the comparatively simple process of building new institutions but the latter difficulty is the most baffling and perplexing of almost any social problem with which I am familiar. No one condones idleness among prisoners because everyone recognizes that its effects are degenerating both morally and physically. It complicates discipline, encourages degeneracy, and breeds contempt for society. There are also strong economic arguments for employing the prisoner, since he should be required to earn the cost of his maintenance and not be dawdling in prison at the expense of the taxpayer. If the prisoner is to be rehabilitated it is essential that he be provided with constructive work which is necessary for physical and mental health, for occupational training, for the development of habits of industry, and to prevent deterioration. When men have been crowded into an institution with no means of occupying their hands and minds, depravity, bloodshed, and riots have been the natural result. The butchery of the guards at Canon City, Colo., the holocaust at Columbus, Ohio, the fires at Joliet, 111., have all had lack of employment as a major contributing cause, according to the official statement of those in charge of these institutions. Where is there a man who will accept responsibility for the safekeeping of four or five thousand men caged up within the small compass of a prison with no means of occupying them?
In spite, however, of what to the general public seem to be compelling reasons for the employment of prisoners, there are still certain groups who bitterly contest even the least encroachment upon what they deem to be their domain. Some of these groups will accept no compromise and will not be satisfied so long as there is even the remotest competition with their particular industry. It may as well be frankly admitted that prisoners cannot be employed in any form, in any manner, or under any system which does not compete directly or indirectly with private industry and all of those who are familiar with the situation recognize this essential fact. Very few, however, who seek a subsidy for their particular group through elimination of prison competition will argue that prisoners cannot be employed and instead of making direct attacks upon prison labor in any form
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they suavely advocate various so-called compromises. One day they say that they will be satisfied if the contract labor system is eliminated; the next they ask only that the sale of prison-made goods in the open market be stopped and then they seek to limit the sale of prison industries to penal, charitable, and correctional institutions. To an already complicated problem has been added the difficulties caused by the enactment of the Federal Hawes-Cooper legislation, the economic crisis, and the changing industrial set-up. The drive against prison employment is ceaseless and unrelenting.
So far as the Federal Government is concerned we think that our program is fair to labor, fair to business and protects the public interest. The Federal Gov- vernment does not lsase or contract out the labor of convicts. It dees not sell a single dollar’s worth of its products in the open market. It does not intend to concentrate the labor of its prisoners in any one type of work or in any single industry. It uses its prisoners on those types of activities which require the greatest possible amounts of hand labor and adopts primitive production methods wherever possible. The largest number of Federal prisoners are engaged in agricultural pursuits as more than 2,000 of the total prison population of 12,000 are working on our farms in the production of foodstuffs for the institutions. An indefinite number are performing work of various kinds on Government reservations for which no funds have been appropriated and consequently they do not compete in even the remotest way with private labor and free industry. As your survey will show, the total number of Federal prisoners usefully employed in industrial operations within the walls of our institutions does not exceed 1,700 or 1,800 which is only about 14 percent of our total population. All of the others are engaged on maintenance tasks or are in idleness.
You see, therefore, that unemployment conditions in our institutions are acute. This situation subsists in spite of the many compromises made by the Federal Government to private industry and free labor as indicated above and which have for their purpose the elimination of direct competition. Another reason for the existing situation springs from the fact that Congress has not permitted us to go forward with our diversified work program enjoined upon us by the act approved May 27, 1930. The present economic crisis, furthermore, has caused us to defer our industrial program wherever there was any means whatever of employing the inmates of our institutions in noncompeting lines, at least until business improves.
You ask me what changes, if any, we would advocate in existing conditions. So far as the employment program of the Federal Government is concerned, I have only a few minor changes to suggest. One of these would be that an advisory board be established to assist us in controlling the output of our industries to accord with the situation prevailing in private industry. In other words, a board consisting of representatives of labor and the manufacturers, one member representing the public, and one member representing the penal institutions, would advise the head of the department as to the kinds of industries which might be established in the various institutions and lay down certain principles as to the aggregate output of each industry, thus assisting us generally to coordinate and diversify our manufacturing operations. I can make no other suggestions as to improving the Federal prison labor law and hope only that the industrial situation will improve to such an extent that we can go forward with our program as now authorized.
The thought has occurred to me that a somewhat similar board might be set up to control the industrial activities of all Federal, State and county prisons. If the bills which have been recently introduced in the Congress to control the length of the work week in private industry are held constitutional and if various other measures which are being advocated to cure the economic distress of the country are practicable and feasible for private industry, some similar legislation might be enacted by the Federal Government to regulate the activities of prisoners. The so-called Hawes-Cooper Bill does not do this as it merely divests prison- made goods of their interstate character and permits each State to legislate on this subject. Instead of the Federal Government washing its hands of this problem it might be a wise policy for it to recognize its seriousness and attempt to regulate and control it. If this plan were feasible an agency of the central Government could allocate to each State a certain number of industries in which its prisoners could be employed and determine the relative output which the prison products should bear to the entire output of that particular industry. It could also regulate the hours of labor and working conditions for each prison industry, and prepare a plan for disposing of the prison products. All goods made in prisons which did not comply with the regulations of the board or commission would be barred from interstate commerce.
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I hope that you will not think that I have gone too far afield in answering your letter of April 10, 1933, but the prison labor problem is of such magnitude and has so many ramifications that I cannot well comply with your request in a small compass. If I can be of any further help or assistance, please do not hesitate to call upon me.
Very truly yours,(Signed) S a n fo r d B a t e s ,
Director.# Some of the comments by State prison officials concerning condi
tions in their institutions were as follows:All convicts are assigned to tasks at which they are most skilled. Plans are
now being formed to devise methods of employment of prisoners when the Hawes- Cooper bill goes into effect, January 19, 1934.
The employment of the honor system in prisons or penitentiaries is the best method of training convicts to be better citizens when they are discharged. Under this system the convicts have greater ease of mind and upon release, with few exceptions, do not hold a grudge against the institution and its officials. They have respect for laws and the law-enforcing officers, rather than holding them in disdain. Contract and lease work is objectionable as it gives a few manufacturers an advantage in products made for less than they can be made by free labor, thus hurting the market of the free-labor-made goods, curtailing its sales, and spreading unemployment among the free workers. Contract and lease work is also bad in its effect upon the convicts as it falls practically in the same category as working under armed guards.
Institutional industry needs the stimulus of outside orders to operate it at anything like full capacity.
I think there is a grave misunderstanding of the general principles of prison labor. A pair of shoes made in prison supplants only one pair of shoes made with free labor, no matter where worn, either in or outside the institution. Unfortunately it has been found that the market is so restricted under the State- use system that the opportunity for employment of prisoners is very much limited.
Work is the salvation of men sentenced to prison. Enforced idleness is a severe punishment and destroys the very object for which men are sentenced, namely, reformation.
The employment of all inmates physically able to work is required by the law creating this institution. It is also necessary for the morale of the inmates that they have suitable employment. This is a problem that gives us deep concern. We operate a clothing shop from which goods are shipped to various States, and feel that the passage of the Hawes-Cooper bill will eventually cause the closing of this shop, which employs about 250 men.
The industries in this institution have been given years of study and have been so planned as to interfere as little as possible with legitimate business. While basic laws pertaining to the disposal of our surplus would have permitted the sale of our prison-made products on the open market, I am naturally proud that we have never had to resort to this, in spite of the fact that our recent population increases have kept all of us exceptionally busy-trying to expand our ways and means to provide the necessary amount of work to keep all hands engaged without overrunning the reasonable bounds of our necessarily limited output.
It seems to me that the opportunity to labor is just as necessary and desirous inside the prison walls as outside. There may be some difference of opinion as to the nature of that work, the industry that is created, but of this I am certain that it should be constructive. There is nothing so revolting as to be forced to do something where nothing is to be gained. One of the biggest factors in making criminals is the lack of an opportunity to do constructive work that appeals and interests the individual. The greatest benefit both to society and the individual himself is that that person can and is given the opportunity or is induced to accept the opportunity to become interested in and learn to like and appreciate the value of industry.
We are now employing about 500 men on piece-price working for the----------------shirt company. It is our opinion that when the Hawes-Cooper bill goes into effect, that these 500 men will be idle. It seems impossible to establish enough industries under the State-use plan to take care of our prison population.
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The State-use system is good as far as it goes, yet in my judgment the State- use system cannot keep the rather large prison population of the various commonwealths busy the year round. We are diversifying our industries to the greatest possible extent, thereby spreading the competition that we furnish over a number of lines and not concentrating our competition on any 1 or 2 particular industries. The idea seems to prevail that because we do not pay taxes, salaries or rent, that we should be able, or are able, to undersell all competitors. In reply to this I can only say that it has been my experience over a period of years that we have a difficult time meeting competition ourselves. I account for this in this way. For the most part the men in our penitentiaries and reformatories are unskilled and untrained, and in many cases incompetent and indifferent, and we must take these men, who are the last men employed and the first men discharged out in the industrial life of the State, and make out of them what we can in the way of mechanics, train them as best we can to turn out a commodity that has a real market value and which is on a par with the competition we have to meet. As business men we are not price cutters. We want to make a reasonably good showing industrially as in every other way for our institutions, yet we find that factories manufacturing similar commodities generally have the latest improved labor-saving devices and machinery and skilled and trained workers; men who are interested in their jobs and sometimes stockholders in the concern that employs them, and as a rule we have an exceedingly difficult time to meet the competition.
The matter of employment in institutions where women are confined is a matter of vital importance as a matter of education, as a means of discipline, and of maintaining order and good conduct in the institution. The object of the reformatory, to fit them to return to the communities from which they came, better able to live decently and respectably among their neighbors, and to maintain themselves and their families, can only be accomplished by training and teaching in performance of useful work under efficient women whose character and personality will be examples for them to follow.
Due to the Hawes-Cooper bill our unemployment has been increasing for the last 3 years and will continue to do so until the end of the present calendar year, at which time all contracts will probably have gone out of this institution. We are now making plans for manufacturing articles for State use, but at the present time we do not see where we will be able to employ more than 100 men on this work, out of a population of 1,300. It will be one of our major problems in the future to find employment for inmates.
We have been able to employ our prisoners with practically no idleness for a comparatively long time. The going into effect of the so-called Hawes-Cooper bill and the subsequent legislation under this act will not seriously disturb our labor situation and I feel that we will have no difficulty in keeping the inmates employed after 1934 when this change will take place.
A variety of articles are manufactured in every department of our institution. There is no question, therefore, of the reformatory flooding the market with its own deluge of sheets, hoisery, shirts, etc. This state of affairs is useful to us also as a therapeutic service. One of the techniques of social treatment for delinquents is, I should say, to give them a variety of educational glimpses of industry. There is little educational value in learning to run one type of knitting machine, and that only. If a woman can be trained to run a variety of machines, to use her hands at sewing, painting, canning, etc., she feels more confident and more understanding when she presents herself, on release, at her prospective employer’s door.
We would like to enter an opinion that the employment of inmates in our penal institutions in shopwork is very important and very necessary to the proper conduct of any penal institution. It is essential that this kind of training should be given the prisoners for their own welfare and the welfare of the communities when they are released, and we believe it is economical to the State that it should have the prisoners do all the work that can be found for them to do not only in maintenance work for their own institution but for the maintenance accounts of all other State institutions. After a great many years’ experience and investigation, we also believe that working under the State-use system has proven the most beneficial to the State with the least harm to any outside labor.
It is my firm opinion and belief that the State should acquire a sufficient quantity of land to establish a farm. The increase in population very clearly
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indicates that it will be necessary to find useful employment for the inmates. Some means should be devised, as stated above, of securing at least 3,000 acres of land under some irrigation project to give the men useful employment.
In my opinion, prison labor should be carried on a great deal more extensivelythan it is at the present time at--------------- . We have today 250 inmates whoare idle, and, of course, they make a very restless group. Later on, when we get our woodworking factory going, we will probably be able to put the greater number of these men to work. I consider the inmates of a penal institution like young boys in the street. As long as you can keep the boy busy at work or at play he is going to keep out of mischief, and the same applies to inmates of a prison. I would like to see the day come when we can pay inmates in a prison a fair day’s wages, and that money to be applied to the care of their dependents, who are usually taken care of by charity organizations. The taxpayer has to pay the bill anyhow, so why not make the convicts earn some of the money which can go towards their support.
Prison industry from the viewpoint of the warden is not a source of exploitation of the inmate, but rather an incentive toward his rehabilitation. Too often the point is raised by the free man that he is being deprived of a certain amount of work that is being done by those confined. This is not the case when one considers the fact that automatic machines are not used in prison and that the inmates’ product is about 5 percent of that of the free men. It must also be borne in mind that if it were not for the prison industries the men would be idle and confined to their cells throughout the day which would destroy their morale and whatever latent ambition they might have.
Idleness in prison has been proved detrimental to the moral, mental, and physical welfare of the inmates and places discipline and good administration under a considerable handicap. All men confined to prisons and penitentiaries should be put to work in the interest of their own welfare as well as that of the State. The primary purpose of such work is to create habits of industry, to teach each man that he is expected to perform his given task every working day in accordance with essentially the same standards employed in that trade or work outside. All such work should be of a constructive or useful type. Insofar as possible, prisoners should be employed in a trade or productive line similar to that which they pursued before entering the institution, so that with modern machinery production methods and supervision he can continue to perfect himselfin his trade. However, with the flexible arrangement possible in--------------- itis not necessary for a man to continue in the same line of work during the entire term of his incarceration, which arrangement is very valuable in enabling men to make changes from one line of work to another, thereby giving each man an opportunity to find that class of work in which he is really interested and in which he can, with reasonable encouragement, develop himself to the point where upon his release he will find a wholesome field for employment at good compensation.
Imprisonment may punish, it may deter, but unless it has played its part in the upbuilding of the offender, it is not worth the money spent. I cannot believe that reformation and rehabilitation are possible without work, hard work if necessary. I cannot think of a better medicine to administer to the wife deserter, the robber, the stick-up man, the burglar, the forger, and others of like character, than a good stiff dose of hard work administered daily and over a reasonable period of time. The question is where to find work? The purely State-use system is now being advocated by the opponents of prison labor, but when we get right down to brass tacks, they oppose even that plan. Two years ago in--------------- it was proposed to build a State office building. The granite was tobe quarried and cut by inmates of the State reformatory. The leader in the labor movement in this State approved that plan and was forced to fight it out to a finish in the national convention of his group. He put up a good fight. He finally won out, and the building was completed as originally planned. This is just a single illustration of the attitude of those who see in prison labor nothing except its interference with their own particular business. It further demonstrates the fact that if we are to keep our prisoners employed, we must fight for that right. No matter what we propose, we shall find that it competes with some group in civil life. It then remains for us, so far as possible, to select those occupations that constitute the least competition with outside labor. Many States have partially solved this problem by employing large groups of prisoners at road work and on farms. And yet I wonder what our Southern States will dowith their cotton after January 1934. I wonder how--------------- will label eachpotato raised on its thousands of acres of prison farms, provided any of these
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potatoes are to enter out-of-State markets. And I want to say it is not at all impossible that, in the very near future, even the farm operations of our prisons will be very much limited by legislative action.
The farm at this prison affords considerable work, but farming cannot take care of all prisoners as there are some that cannot be trusted to be placed on the farms. The shirt factory under contract affords work for most of the prisoners at this prison at present, but with the enforcement of the Hawes-Cooper bill this industry will probably close and these men will be without employment. Due to the sparse settlement of this State, the establishment of industries to furnish products to State institutions under the State-use plan only would not be practical as the initial cost of installing such prison industries would be too great in the first place and then the amount of goods that the State institutions would use would employ but a few of the prisoners. With such conditions existing it is difficult to outline any plan to employ the prisoners at this institution when and if the shirt factory is discontinued.
The general point of view of the wardens or the heads of penal institutions, whatever may be their titles, is that it is in itself a crime to restrain men in idleness. Who is committing this crime? Is it the judge who continues to commit men to institutions already overcrowded and with hundreds in idleness, or is it the law which is in error? An army of intelligent men is at work seeking to reform prisoners and yet little has been heard of reforming the legal profession, the judiciary and the legislators. Undoubtedly some progress is being made, at least more people are thinking the situation over than formerly. The present prison population of the United States is so great that those who are able to work can put out far more than can be used by the total estimated classes of public charges. There is no coordinated effort to regulate and distribute this output. My own conclusion in this matter is that the head of each institution is making no further effort than that which tends to relieve his own particular problem, and further that the ultimate solution, if one is humanly possible, lies in reducing the number of prisoners. I believe that about 60 percent of those now confined throughout the United States can be released without danger to society, the other 40 percent might just as well never be released because of the positive certainty that they will soon again be recommitted, and with this last 40 percent, all humanitarian feeling being considered, it makes little or no difference how they are employed so long as they are required to labor sufficiently to pay for their maintenance and upkeep.
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