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InternationalHigher Education I Nurnber53 | D Tabteof Contents International igherEducation Page of2 I nternationalization NUMBER 3, FALL 2OO8 The PrivateNature o fcross-BorderHigherEducation Jason .hl.I.,ane ndKevin K.*nse:r Jtls*ltLttneljscsstsItrnfprc1fssorintl*I}eput"fnentoJ'EtltLcutianulAt tnirrrslratjorardPolitySt Albttny " S{,/hY. Keuln Kin.ser .s a PitOPffE colkrborating sch*tar undsssnciufe ;:ralessor in tit-e }ep arin*nt of EducrttionalAdrnintsfraftcnand Poliry Slrrdies, lniuersity -mail: ilane(dalbaiu.edu; " [email protected]. lHE deuates cttluntn fn encJt s.st..tr rr ct eontrihutionfram PRAFFIE, fte.Ilrogrnnrlfoi'Rri.senrch n l\.iuate Highe.r Iiiduc*ljcn, headquttrlered" t the Unrrrersir.V { Al{unq. Se.e ttn: huu;utfilbarLu.eilul. Many obstrn'ers ave no-ted flRt the relatively eas"y nternational nobilitynf sluelerrls, hculty, 11ncl urriculum acilitates the growth of cross-border higire educzrtitxr. Jqualiy rnportant, ner,voieign provirlers are nc,ruraged n rnarry countries by a polirl'environmcnt that supports lrivate-sector rivolverneni n education. Private higher oclucaiiou ins1'i|utitrns'.especiall'v'ftrr:-prcftprovideI's,arecIearlyin|erestedintJrecross.lrorc]ernrar]re:.stl, instltrt:tiorls have beeu and contirru.e o be signilicant parlicipants in r:rosr-Lrordel igher eriucatiol" 14r]re1 broacl, honevor, these public institutisns nearly alr.va;'s perate anil are egally recognize<l s prir..ate ntities. Intieecl, mrxt firreign opcr:afiotrs re suplro*ecl primar:ily lrrough tuition and feei antl t.vpicall.v lo nit receivc irrrling froni either tle horne or the host governments. lVonerrdpmfc Aeradernic Insfifirfions In ecology, u endetnic org,anisul s the uative nhabitanl of a unlclue nd ollen ger:graphically cnstrainecl euvironrnert. n a sinilar way, pu.blic nstitLrtionu re endemic o ;r particular pclicy erivironrirent efinecl y state bortlers. Ilowever. crcrss- order higher: eclucation, y establishing i:catii xs outside of its native political ancl l'inancial otne, exists apa* fictn its home enl'ironment. This ntrr:ducres ontci:hing ew nto the hr:st ountry ancl estalllishes onetltlernk: cacl<lmic nstitirtions n c:rnss-borcler iglrer educalir:n. I'Vc irst usedendemism as a way to cl*:scribe lomestic ross-bcrder aetjvitr"within States. :r a littl.e noticecl phetxrmenon, many ptrblic, state*supportcd nstitltions such as ,entral illichigan Lrniversity anel Troy lJniversity {Alabam.r) have established arnpuses utsicle heir hume state.'I"hese ducational orgatrizaiions are egulatecl ai private-sector entitjes in the nei.r'state, vhile ahnost no or,'ersight rom the home slate. This regulator-v ciispnrilv nloalls hat it is often easiel .or a public inslitution to pursnc ncw irrarkets n the private*sector eniirolmi:nts of nther states .han withirr ireir native sl;rle envir*nrnent. Sinrilar activity seems o bt occurrhi; with cross-horclol higher han expanding n theit: owrr envirotttnent.s, nstittrtious li:om devclnped naticrirs re mol'ing into the less-rcgulateti and ess-con:p*iit'it* environrnerts of <]evelopitg natious. As Darriel C. Levy" as ong noted, he private sectorof rnost countrjes hnve irnited regulaticrns. nd gor.'erntnettts ften dn not anticipate groi.rth of the private sector. This trond makes t clifficult to predict ho'w he entr.v of a ntlw nctrsntlemic nstitritiarial |,3pe will affectexisfir:geriucational $tnlctil]:es, policies, and ci*paci[ies. Indeeri, countries actively encourage rireign nstitutions to offer higlrer education vithin their borders rvithaut rnaking a policy distinction betr,vee:r ublic or privatc institutions. Th* Ilrrhii lnttlrlationrrl Acatlernic Cit1, {:or exarn;rle, **r,1rj[ prrlrlic ilstituti<us frorrr olher countrieii o open pragrftrns n llubai, and those prograrl$ are beinga:.rthorizeri o operdte asaLuttlnoruous *vate entitics. The impact of thesi: oreign institutions regulatary n the emirate is uncertain, hut the,r'- rrav rerald the unanticipated consequences f ernelging nei.r,- nstitirtional fr;rrrrs n cther cr:untries. "Regrulnfion in the C.r.nss--S$rri{rr -drrudrnnrnent Ir cross{:nrder education, oleign organizations may *}so tiistlrt the existing pr:licy *nvironrnrpt and thrnry nnt af balancetheregulat*ryn:eclranisrnsintlrelrostcottttit1'.As'intheI.hrbaicase,rjrnss*barcler http://www.bc.edu,/bc_orgl avplsoelcihe/newsletterA{umb r53lpll Lane_Kstuer.htm 7t30/20t0
