Pro-CEED Core
August 15, 2013
SUMR Scholar: Doris Arevalo Mentor: Karen Glanz, PhD, MPH Grant Number: MD006900 PI: Timothy Rebbeck, PhD
Prostate Cancer Community Engagement, Evaluation and Dissemination Core
Overview o Study Background
o Exploratory Research
o Study Methods
o Study Design
o Focus Group Questions and Survey
• Focus Group One and Responses
o Next Steps
o Role in the Project
o Lessons Learned
o Acknowledgements
Study Background
Prostate Cancer Community Engagement, Evaluation and Dissemination Core
Aim 1: Establish community engagement in the Center's program of research and training from start to finish. Aim 2: Assist the research projects to achieve recruitment and implementation goals in a manner that is both scientifically rigorous and community-responsive. Aim 3: Begin the process of disseminating research findings to community, policymakers, and academic stakeholders in order to use them as a foundation for action to reduce prostate cancer health disparities.
Pro-CEED
Study Background: Prostate Cancer
o 1 in 6 men will develop prostate cancer during their lifetime
o Prostate cancer is the most common cancer among men (excluding skin cancer)
o African American men are twice as likely to die of prostate cancer
• What is causing these disparities?
o Prostate cancer is often not discussed among the community
US TOO, June 2012
Exploratory Research
Purpose 1) To explore knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs related to prostate cancer and health care access/utilization 2) Inform strategies for engaging the community and providing education about prostate cancer and men’s health
Focus Groups
Methods
o Questions utilized in previous research studies were categorized into: • Knowledge and beliefs
Prostate cancer Early detection of prostate cancer/PSA screening Treatment
• Facilitators and barriers to early detection/PSA screening • Access and utilization of health care services
o Guided by Health Belief Model constructs • Perceived threat • Perceived benefits • Perceived barriers • Perceived self-efficacy • Cues to action
Literature Reviews
Methods
Purpose: To inform the distribution of educational materials and engage in exploratory research efforts
• Libraries • Recreation Centers • Health Centers • Churches • Non-Profit Organizations • Newspapers • Cancer Support Groups • Barbershops
Community List
Limited to North, West and Southwest Philadelphia zip codes 19104, 19121, 19122, 19125,19131, 19133, 19134, 19139, 19142, 19143, 19151, 19153
Methods Community List
Churches -107 Source: The City of Philadelphia.com
Health Centers- 24 Source: Phila.gov-Public Health (17) U.S. Department of Health and Human Services-Find a Health Center (7)
Libraries-18 Source: freelibrary.org
Recreation Centers-46 Source: Phila.gov-Find a Facility
Non-profits-101 Source: Great Non-Profits.org **46 not included in the map to the left due to size restriction
Newspapers-16 Source: Library of Congress.gov (4),
PaperBoy.com (12) *not included in total or map
N=296*
Study Design o Hold 4 focus groups of 10-12 participants
• Groups will be held in a community location • After the focus group, a 1 page survey will need to be completed • Participants will receive $20 gift card for their time
o We are targeting 40-70 year old men and partners (if applicable) who
live in the Philadelphia area that are fluent in English
Focus Group Questions Overall Health, Health Information and Research
1. What do you find to be the most important health issues of your community?
2. What do you do to keep yourself healthy?
3. When you are sick, to whom or where do you go? • Do you still go to that person or place even when you feel healthy? • What things keep you from going to the doctor or getting checkups?
4. Where do you go for information about your health?
Focus Group Questions Prostate Cancer
1. When you hear the term prostate cancer, what comes to mind?
2. What do you know about prostate cancer?
3. What can you do to prevent yourself from getting prostate cancer? • What are your thoughts or feelings about PSA screening for early detection of prostate
cancer? • What are some reasons men do not want to be tested for prostate cancer?
4. Do you think prostate cancer can be cured or treated?
Focus Group Survey
o One page survey was developed to accompany the focus group
o Questions include:
• Background information
• Family history of prostate cancer
• History of prostate cancer screening
• Previous prostate cancer diagnosis
Survey
Focus Group One
o The first focus group consisted of 10 men between the ages of 40-70 • The research team was approached and asked what the study
consisted of • Men were very willing to participate in the discussion
o During the focus group men openly discussed all topics, sharing their
opinions, personal stories and advice
o Men were also provided with educational materials about prostate cancer
Focus Group 1: Responses
Overall Health, Health Information and Research
What things keep you from going to the doctor or getting checkup?
• Money-prescriptions and specialists are expensive • Free clinics are available, but there are co-pays and long
waiting times • Transportation-where the facility is located and how far it is
and how you are able to get there
Focus Group 1: Responses
Prostate Cancer
What are some reasons men do not want to be tested for prostate cancer? • Fear • Stubbornness What do you know about prostate cancer? • Not much • “That it boils down to cancer”
Methods
o Materials will be distributed to community organizations to establish a relationship
o They were chosen and updated from a compiled list created at Emory
University in 2006
o The materials that were ordered focus on: • Wives and family members of men with prostate cancer • The general public • Information seeking men • Men newly diagnosed with prostate cancer
Educational Materials
Next Steps
o Continue to call community organizations
o Conduct 4 focus groups in total within community locations
o Enter data from focus groups into an excel database
o Disseminate findings to the P-60 group for further research to be implemented
Role in the Project o I was able to be very hands on during my whole experience
• Opportunity to see what an IRB consists of and input my ideas • Edit consent forms, community organization contact forms,
telephone and in-person screening scripts, eligibility screening forms, and create a survey
• Develop focus group questions and guide • Ability to call churches to arrange a focus group
o Ability to participate in other projects
• BEAT Think Tank • Our Healthy Block
Lessons Learned
o Never be afraid to ask questions
o Take the time to know who you are working with
o Formatting of documents
o How to think in different forms o Be persistent!
Thank You!
o Dr. Karen Glanz, Sarah Green and staff
o Dr. Timothy Rebbeck
o Joanne Levy, Shanae Johnson, Safa Brown and LDI staff
o SUMR Cohort 2013
