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Processing - Louisiana Forest Products Development Center

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C C Co o om m mp p pa a ar r ra a at t ti i iv v ve e e P P Pr r ro o op p pe e er r rt t ti i ie e es s s o o of f f B B Ba a ag g ga a as s ss s se e e P P Pa a ar r rt t ti i ic c cl l le e eb b bo o oa a ar r rd d d ( ( (B B BP P PB B B) ) )
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Page 1: Processing - Louisiana Forest Products Development Center

CCCCoooommmmppppaaaarrrraaaattttiiiivvvveeee PPPPrrrrooooppppeeeerrrrttttiiiieeeessss ooooffff BBBBaaaaggggaaaasssssssseeeePPPPaaaarrrrttttiiiicccclllleeeebbbbooooaaaarrrrdddd ((((BBBBPPPPBBBB))))

Page 2: Processing - Louisiana Forest Products Development Center

Sugar Cane Processing

Page 3: Processing - Louisiana Forest Products Development Center

Sugar Industry In LouisianaSecond largest plant commodity in LouisianaProducing $500 Million/year in sugar-related productsProducing 16 Million tons of bagasse as by-product

Page 4: Processing - Louisiana Forest Products Development Center

Harvested Sugar Cane

Page 5: Processing - Louisiana Forest Products Development Center

Sugar Extraction

Page 6: Processing - Louisiana Forest Products Development Center

Sugar Mill

Page 7: Processing - Louisiana Forest Products Development Center

By-Product - Bagasse

Page 8: Processing - Louisiana Forest Products Development Center

By-Product - Bagasse

Page 9: Processing - Louisiana Forest Products Development Center

About 30% of the 16 Million tons of bagasse available for fiber sources

in Louisiana annually

Page 10: Processing - Louisiana Forest Products Development Center

Bagasse contains about 65 percent fiber, 25 percent pith cells, and 10 percent water soluble.Bagasse fibers average 1.5 to 2 millimeters (0.06 to 0.08 inch) in length. They are relatively fine and their chemical properties are similar to those of hardwood fibers.An essential element in the conversion of bagasse to a satisfactory paper is the mechanical removal of a substantial proportion of the pith prior to the pulping operation. Bagasse particleboard (BPB) uses all bagasse.

Bagasse Fiber

Page 11: Processing - Louisiana Forest Products Development Center

Bagasse Particleboard Manufacturing

Page 12: Processing - Louisiana Forest Products Development Center

Baled Bagasse

Page 13: Processing - Louisiana Forest Products Development Center

Bagasse Drying

Page 14: Processing - Louisiana Forest Products Development Center

Rotary Dryer

Page 15: Processing - Louisiana Forest Products Development Center

Bagasse Size Reduction

Page 16: Processing - Louisiana Forest Products Development Center

Bagasse PB – Blending

Page 17: Processing - Louisiana Forest Products Development Center

Bagasse PB - Forming

Page 18: Processing - Louisiana Forest Products Development Center

Bagasse PB – Pressing

Page 19: Processing - Louisiana Forest Products Development Center

Bagasse PB – Pressing

Page 20: Processing - Louisiana Forest Products Development Center

Bagasse PB – Pressing

Page 21: Processing - Louisiana Forest Products Development Center

Bagasse PB – Panel Cooling

Page 22: Processing - Louisiana Forest Products Development Center

Bagasse PB –Sanding

Page 23: Processing - Louisiana Forest Products Development Center

Bagasse PB – Finished Panel

Page 24: Processing - Louisiana Forest Products Development Center

Laminated Flooring

Page 25: Processing - Louisiana Forest Products Development Center

Laminated Flooring

1. The Laminate Surface.A clear wear layer for super protection.

2. The Image Layer. This layer for providing a hardwood look.

3. The Core. High Density Fiberboard (HDF) for moisture resistance and indentations.

4. The Laminate Backing.A thermo-fused backing for additional strength and protection.

Page 26: Processing - Louisiana Forest Products Development Center

OOOObbbbjjjjeeeeccccttttiiiivvvveeee Developing bagasse

particleboard (BPB) for laminated flooring

applications

Page 27: Processing - Louisiana Forest Products Development Center

Fiber Type

Resin (pMDI) Content

(%)

TargetThick-

ness(mm)

TargetDensity(g/cm3)

Resina-tion

Time(Second)

Press Tempera-

ture(C)

Press Cycle

(Second)

1-year old bagasse fiber hammermilled through a 6-mm screen

5%

8%6.35

0.72a

0.88b

0.72c

0.88d

240 185 165

Note: a – BPB1, b – BPB2, c – BPB3, and d – BPB4.

Technical Information of Bagasse Particleboard (BPB) Used in the Study

Page 28: Processing - Louisiana Forest Products Development Center

Testing of Bagasse Particleboard

Test Performed:Bending MOE/MORIB and HardnessScrew HoldingLinear ExpansionThickness Swell

Test Standards:• ANSI/A208.1 (1999) • ANSI/A208.2 (1994)• ASTM D1037 (1996)

Page 29: Processing - Louisiana Forest Products Development Center

Bagasse PB Samples

Linear Expansion

Bending MOE/MOR

IB

TS

Page 30: Processing - Louisiana Forest Products Development Center

Bagasse PB Testing

Hardness

Internal Bond

Page 31: Processing - Louisiana Forest Products Development Center

Results and Discussions

Page 32: Processing - Louisiana Forest Products Development Center

Density profile

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

0 1.5 3 4.5 6 7.5Position (mm)

Dens

ity (g

/cm

3)

Page 33: Processing - Louisiana Forest Products Development Center

Bending Modulus

y = 11.641x - 6.5015R2 = 0.781

y = 0.9967x + 2.9119R2 = 0.0017

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95Density (g/cm3)

MO

E (G

Pa)

5%RC 8%RC Linear (8%RC) Linear (5%RC)

Page 34: Processing - Louisiana Forest Products Development Center

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

ANSI A208.1 BPB1 BPB2 BPB3 BPB4

Board Type

MO

E (G

Pa)

Bending Modulus

Page 35: Processing - Louisiana Forest Products Development Center

Bending Strength

y = 77.716x - 39.453R2 = 0.8712

y = 39.15x - 7.7643R2 = 0.07

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95Density (g/cm3)

MO

R (M

Pa)

5%RC 8%RC Linear (8%RC) Linear (5%RC)

Page 36: Processing - Louisiana Forest Products Development Center

Bending Strength

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

ANSI A208.1 BPB1 BPB2 BPB3 BPB4Board Type

MO

R (M

Pa)

Page 37: Processing - Louisiana Forest Products Development Center

IB Strength

y = -1.7042x + 3.4738R2 = 0.0188

y = 8.2148x - 4.8424R2 = 0.6424

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1

Density (g/cm3)

IB (M

Pa)

5%RC 8%RC Linear (5%RC) Linear (8%RC)

Page 38: Processing - Louisiana Forest Products Development Center

IB Strength

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

ANSIA208.1

BPB1 BPB2 BPB3 BPB4

Board Type

IB (M

Pa)

Page 39: Processing - Louisiana Forest Products Development Center

Hardness

y = 2509.4x - 1310.8R2 = 0.8113

y = 2812.6x - 1654R2 = 0.4319

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1

Density (g/cm3)

Har

dnes

s (K

G)

8% PMDI 5%PMDI Linear (8% PMDI) Linear (5%PMDI)

Page 40: Processing - Louisiana Forest Products Development Center

Hardness

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

Hardboard BPB1 BPB2 BPB3 BPB4

Board Type

Hard

ness

(Kg)

Page 41: Processing - Louisiana Forest Products Development Center

Linear Expansion

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1

Density (g/cm3)

Line

ar E

xpan

sion

(%)

5%RC 8%RC

Page 42: Processing - Louisiana Forest Products Development Center

Linear Expansion

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

ANSIA208.1

BPB1 BPB2 BPB3 BPB4

Board Type

Line

ar E

xpan

sion

(%)

24-hour Water Soaked 0-95%RH

Page 43: Processing - Louisiana Forest Products Development Center

Thickness Swell

Extreme Edge

Edge

Page 44: Processing - Louisiana Forest Products Development Center

Thickness Swell

Center 2.54 cm

Page 45: Processing - Louisiana Forest Products Development Center

Thickness Swell

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

ANSIA208.1

BPB1 BPB2 BPB3 BPB4

Board type

TS a

fter 2

4 ho

ur s

oaki

ng (%

)

E-Edge Edge 2.5-cm Center

Page 46: Processing - Louisiana Forest Products Development Center

ConclusionsAll mechanical properties are highly correlated with the panel density. LE and TS showed less dependence on the density.Increase in resin content level led to higher strength and less swelling in general. All products showed high strength properties, well exceeding the performance levels specified in the ANSI standard.LE was higher than the critical value of 0.35 percent prescribed in the standard. TS for panels at 8% resin level met the 8% TS requirement (based on 24-hour water soaking), while those at 5% resin level exceeded the level.A consistent, high performance agrifiber composite panel with desirable environmental attributes could be successfully developed.


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