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Processing Speed and Vocabulary Are Related
to Older Adults’ Internet Experiences*
Jen Romano-Bergstrom | Facebook | [email protected] Olmsted-Hawala | US Census Bureau
Wendy Rogers | Georgia Institute of Technology
#HCII2015@romanocog
* Best Paper Award of the 1st International Conference on Human Aspects of IT for the Aged Population
Aug 5, 2015HCII | Los Angeles, CA
Aging and the brain
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#HCII2015@romanocog
Source: http://www.pewinternet.org/2015/06/26/americans-internet-access-2000-2015/
Aging and the brain
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#HCII2015@romanocog
Source: http://faculty.virginia.edu/cogage/publications2/Salthouse%20(2009)%20When%20does%20age-related%20cognitive%20decline%20begin.pdf
Aging and the brain
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#HCII2015@romanocog
This studyGoal: Examine the relationship between age-related cognitive decline and Internet performance.1. Cognitive battery• Processing Speed
a. Backward counting taskb. WAIS Digit Symbol Coding task
• Vocabulary: Shipley Vocabulary test
2. Computer and Internet Experience Questionnaire3. Five Information-Finding Tasks on Census Website4. Satisfaction Questionnaire
5
#HCII2015@romanocog
Participants
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Younger Middle Older 0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
Younger Middle-age Older
N 21 19 21
Gender 15 F / 6 M 10 F / 9 M 12 F / 9 M
Age 23 (18-28) 46 (40-51) 68 (65-76)
Difficulty w learning new websites, p<.01
1: N
ot d
ifficu
lt at
all
– 5:
Ext
rem
ely
diffi
cult
Participants
7
#HCII2015@romanocog
Younger Middle Older 0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
Younger Middle-age Older
N 21 19 21
Gender 15 F / 6 M 10 F / 9 M 12 F / 9 M
Age 23 (18-28) 46 (40-51) 68 (65-76)
Difficulty w learning new websites, p<.01
1: N
ot d
ifficu
lt at
all
– 5:
Ext
rem
ely
diffi
cult
Participants
8
#HCII2015@romanocog
Younger Middle Older 0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
Younger Middle-age Older
N 21 19 21
Gender 15 F / 6 M 10 F / 9 M 12 F / 9 M
Age 23 (18-28) 46 (40-51) 68 (65-76)
Difficulty w learning new websites, p<.01
1: N
ot d
ifficu
lt at
all
– 5:
Ext
rem
ely
diffi
cult
Younger Middle Older 0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Backward Counting, p<.001 Digit Symbol Coding, p=.0001Younger Middle Older
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Processing SpeedYounger Middle Older
20
22
24
26
28
30
32
34
36
38
40
Vocabulary, p=.43
Verbal Ability
Q1: Are there age-related differences in performance?
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#HCII2015@romanocog
Efficiency, in seconds, p=.36
Younger Middle Older 0
50
100
150
200
250
Satisfaction, p=.26
Younger Middle Older 0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Accuracy, p=.06
Younger Middle Older 0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70% p<.01
10
#HCII2015@romanocogQ2: Do varying levels of cognitive
function impact performance? a. Backward Counting Task
Younger HF Older LF Older
N 21 7 7
Scores 51 (34-75) (53) 43-60 (76) 72-84
p<.0001
Tukey HSD post hoc test:Low-functioning Older > High-functioning Older, p<.01
Low-functioning Older > Younger, p<.01High-functioning Older = Younger
Accuracy, p<.05
Younger HF Older LF Older0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
Efficiency, in seconds, p=.15
Younger HF Older LF Older0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
Satisfaction, p=.28
Younger HF Older LF Older0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
#HCII2015@romanocogQ2: Do varying levels of cognitive
function impact performance? b. Digit Symbol Coding Task
Younger HF Older LF Older
N 19 6 6
Scores 79 (48-116)
(72) 64-91 (34) 24-38
p<.0001
Tukey HSD post hoc test:Low-functioning Older < High-functioning Older, p<.01
Low-functioning Older < Younger, p<.01High-functioning Older = Younger
Efficiency, in seconds, p=.21
Younger HF Older LF Older0
50
100
150
200
250
Satisfaction, p=.18
Younger HF Older LF Older0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Accuracy, p<.05
Younger HF Older LF Older0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
p<.05
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#HCII2015@romanocogQ2: Do varying levels of cognitive
function impact performance? c. Verbal Ability
Younger HF Older LF Older
N 21 7 7
Scores 31 (22-38) (38) 35-40 (27) 22-29
p<.0001
Tukey HSD post hoc test:Low-functioning Older < High-functioning Older, p<.01
High-functioning Older < Younger, p<.01Low-functioning Older = Younger
Accuracy, p<.05
Younger HF Older LF Older0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
Efficiency, in seconds, p=.47
Younger HF Older LF Older0
50
100
150
200
250
Satisfaction, p<.05
Younger HF Older LF Older0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
p<.01
Summary
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#HCII2015@romanocog
Jen Romano-Bergstrom Facebook | [email protected]
Accuracy, p=.06
Younger Middle Older 0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70% p<.01
Accuracy, p<.05
Younger HF Older LF Older0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
Verbal Ability
1. Suggests age-related decline2. Suggests cognition mediates age-related differences3. UX Testing must include people of all ages and cognitive abilities to ensure the product meets all users’ needs.
Processing SpeedDigit Symbol Coding
Accuracy, p<.05
Younger HF Older LF Older0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
p<.05
