Production Technology ofFRENCH BEAN

Introduction• French beans is popular as a dietary food.

• Also known as kidney bean, snap bean, navy bean,

haricot bean, common bean.

• They come in multiple colours and sizes.

• Green pod are rich in Ca, K, P and Fe.

• Seeds are highly proteinaceous.

• Major growing states are Kar, A.P, MH,

T.N, Guj and W.B.

French Bean• FAMILY : Leguminosae / Fabaceae• SCIENTIFIC NAME: Phaseolus vulgaris• ORIGIN: Central America• PROGENITOR: Phaseolus aboriginens • CHROMOSOME NO: 2n=2x=22

Species

• There are 4 cultivated species : Phaseolus vulgaris Phaseolus coccineus Phaseolus lunatus Phaseolus acutifolius var latifolius

• All species are self pollinated except P. coccineus which is generally cross pollinated.

CLIMATE & SOIL SUITABILITYClimate : • Most of the varieties are day neutrals except some

semi pole varieties which are short day types. • The temperature should ideally between 15-25 0C • Rainfall between 600-1500 mm year• Germination % - 85%

Soil:• Sandy loam with good drainage & irrigation• Suitable ph is 5.5-6.5

VARIETIES Based on extent of fibre in the pod : String Stringless Based on growth habit : Bush type Pole typeBush type Varieties Hills• YCD 1, Ooty 1, Ooty (FB) 2, Arka Komal (Sel.9), Premier, Arka

Bold, Arka Sampoorna and Arka Karthik are popular varieties.

Plains• Arka Komal, Premier, (Sel.9), Arka Suvidha, Arka Anoop,

Arka Samrudhi, Arka Suman are under cultivation.

Pole type Varieties TKD 1, KKL-I, Blue Lack, Kentucky and

Murungai bean are popularly cultivated. Resistant lines against : Pseudomonas syringae – Wisconsin 17 and

Wisconsin 28 Root rot – Wisconsin 46 Nematode – P 4175

CONTI…….

Propagation• French bean usually propagates from seeds• Season

HillsMarch- April Plains (twice)July- September &

January- February

Field plantingLand preparation

Plough and loosen the soils to 15 - 25 cm deep for

good growth of root.

Prepare the bed with 1.2 m (4 ft) in width, 0.3 m in

height and the length will depend on the area

condition.

The spacing from 1 bed to another is 0.6 m.

Planting

Plant 4 seeds in 1 planting hole and spacing between rows is

90 cm and 30 cm between 1 planting hole to another in pole

type varieties whereas in case of bush types spacing is 45*15

cm.

When the seedlings growing, leave only 2 plants in 1

planting hole.

In case of bush type varieties, about 60 - 65 kg/ha seed is

required.

In case of pole type varieties, about 25 - 30 kg/ha is required.

SEED TREATMENT• Treat the seeds with Trichoderma 4 g/kg or

Thiram or Carbandazim @ 2 g/kg of seed 24 hours before sowing to control fungal diseases.

• If the crop is raised for the first time it should be treated with Rhizobium as in cluster beans.

MANURES AND FERTILIZERS• Apply FYM 25 t/ha during last ploughing.• 100 kg of P/ha and 75 kg of k/ha should be

applied as basal dose before sowing.• Being leguminous, apply only 60 kg of N/ha as

starter dose at time of sowing completely to build population of symbiotic micro-flora.

WEEDING• Weeding should be given 20 – 25 days and 40

– 45 days after sowing. • As pre-plant used fluchloralin @ 0.5 kg/ha.• As pre-emergence used alachlor @ 1.5 kg/ha

or Pendimethalin @ 2 kg/ha.• The crop should be earthed up after each

weeding.

Pest & diseasePEST SYMPTOM CONTROL

BEAN FLY(Ophiomyia phaseoli)

The larvae bore on the stem and causing plant to wilt & die off

Spray with gamma BHC

Spray with carbaryl

LEAF HOPPER(Aphis spp)

Live under the young leaves, shoots & flowersVector for mosaic virus

Malathion Endosuifan Diazinon

POD BORER(Maruca testulalis)

The larvae bore into the pods causing damage to bean & flower

Eradicate the damaged bean spray sevin spray carbaryl

DISEASES PATHOGEN SYMPTOM

Leaf spot Colletotrichum capsici &Cercospora spp

Yellow spot on the leaf Chemical spraying is not required because it is not a serious disease

Leaf rust Uromyces vignae Yellowish on the leafNot affecting the yield of long bean

Conti……

AFTER CARE• Pinching out and Staking

Preparation of stake

• French bean needs stake in order to obtain high yield.

Support the 3 week-old seedlings using stake with 1.8

m - 2.4 m in length.

• Other method used to support the French bean is trellis

system. Join 2 sticks nearby to the wire to form trellis.

Example…

Harvesting• Pick the pods while still young and the beans have

not formed fully. More flowers will appear if picked regularly

• Fruit can be harvested 7 weeks after planting• Average yield : Bush type ( 80 – 100 q/ha ) Pole type ( 100 – 140 q/ha )

Product

Conclusion

• French beans are sweet, tender and

wonderfully crispy.

• They contain zero fat and cholesterol and are a

good source of fiber and Vitamin C.

Thank You