ProductiveNanosystems:Launching theTechnologyRoadmap
ProductiveNanosystems:Launching theTechnologyRoadmap
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October 9–10, 2007 DoubleTree Hotel Crystal City–National AirportArlington, Virginia USA
Don’t miss this important event!
Don’t miss this important event!
Images courtesyof Nanorex
For 20 years, researchers have explored the amazing promise ofatomically-precise manufacturing. Now, for the first time, theTechnology Roadmap for Productive Nanosystems will show the wayforward, and the payoffs along the road, to this ultimatetechnological revolution.
Over the last two years, under Battelle’s leadership, and hosted byfour U.S. National Laboratories, researchers from academia,government, and industry have met to chart paths toward advanced,atomically-precise manufacturing. The resulting roadmap revealscrucial challenges and unexpected opportunities in the next stepsforward. Join us for two intensive days with leading experts as weexplore the power of advanced “bottom-up” nanotechnologies.
Why You Need to Be ThereThis unique event will address your questions, show how to fulfillthe enormous promise of nanotechnology, and explore a wide rangeof applications:• Super-efficient energy collection and storage• Medical devices to detect and treat diseases at their earliest stages• Next-generation computation• Advanced sensors• High-performance aerospace materials• Intelligent materials and devices• Many other technologies
Who Should Attend?Anyone interested in unlocking the potential of productivenanosystems should attend, including:• Research and development• Design and engineering• Manufacturing management• Strategic planning• Public policy makers• Technology transfer specialists• New product and business development• Economic development• Educators• Media
The full spectrum of organizations involved in nanotechnology willbe represented at this event including corporations, researchinstitutions, investors, economic development organizations, publicpolicy groups, educators, and government agencies.
Bonus: The Roadmap on CDFollowing the event, SME will provide participants with access topresentations and technical papers from the event through a privatewebsite. In conjunction with Foresight Nanotech Institute andBattelle, participants at the event will receive a CD-ROMcontaining the Technology Roadmap for ProductiveNanosystems.
AcknowledgementsThe organizers of the Technology Roadmap for ProductiveNanosystems would like to thank the Roadmap Partners:Biotechnology Industry Organization, Electric Power Research Institute,NanoBusiness Alliance, Nano Science and Technology Institute, SEMI,and the Society of Manufacturing Engineers. Special thanks also goesto The Waitt Family Foundation and Sun Microsystems for financialsupport of the project.
SPECIAL FEATURE: Feynman Prize LuncheonThe Feynman Prizes are given for advances in nanotechnology in twocategories: experimental and theoretical. Established in 1993, theFeynman Prizes in nanotechnology are awarded to researcherswhose recent work has most advanced the achievement ofFeynman’s goal for nanotechnology: the construction of atomically-precise products through the use of molecular machine systems. The2007 winners will be announced and prizes will be presented duringthe luncheon.
Program CommitteeCo-Chairs• Jim Von Ehr, Founder, Zyvex Group• Alex Kawczak, Vice President, Nanostructured Materials and
BioProducts, Battelle
Members• K. Eric Drexler, Chief Technical Advisor, Nanorex• Keith Firman, School of Biological Sciences, University of
Portsmouth, UNITED KINGDOM• Khiang Wee Lim, Executive Director, Institute of Materials Research
and Engineering (IMRE), SINGAPORE• Manish Mehta, Director, Collaborative Programs, National Center
for Manufacturing Sciences• Christine Peterson, Vice President, Foresight Nanotech Institute• John Randall, Vice President, Zyvex Labs• Christian Schafmeister, Department of Chemistry, Temple University• Tihamer Toth-Fejel, Research Engineer, General Dynamics
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Productive Nanosystems:Launching the Technology RoadmapOctober 9–10, 2007 DoubleTree Hotel Crystal City–National AirportArlington, Virginia USA
Tuesday, October 9
7:45 AM – 8:45 AMCheck-in and Registration
8:45 AM – 9:00 AMWelcome and OpeningRemarksJim Von Ehr, Founder, ZyvexGroup
9:00 AM – 9:30 AMToward ProductiveNanosystems: Launching theTechnology RoadmapProductive molecular machine systems canenable economical, large-scale fabrication ofproducts built with atomic precision.
However, a dauntingimplementation gapseparates thenanostructures of todayfrom the complexproductive nanosystemsneeded. How can this gapbe narrowed and eventually
closed? The development of tools to buildthese systems will require severalintermediate stages, each building on theresults of the previous stage, and eachhaving its own commercial applications.Alex Kawczak, Vice President,Nanostructured Materials and BioProducts,Battelle
9:30 AM – 10:00 AMThe Building Blocks of MolecularNanotechnologyA new technology for constructing largemolecules with designed three-dimensionalshapes and designed function has been
developed. The molecularbuilding block methodology(syntheses of rigidmolecular building blockscoupled through pairs ofbonds), the automatedsynthesis ofmacromolecules, the
computer-aided design methodology, andsome developing applications will bepresented. An outline of how thistechnology could lead to the developmentof sophisticated molecular nanotechnologywill be discussed.Christian Schafmeister, Department ofChemistry, Temple University
10:00 AM – 10:30 AMAtomic Precision Patterned AtomicLayer Epitaxy: A Path toAtomically-Precise Manufacturingand Productive NanosystemsA precursor to productive nanosystems is anatomically-precise manufacturing (APM)
process includingatomically-precisedepassivation lithographyusing a scanning tunnelingmicroscope (STM) andatomic layer epitaxy (ALE)in a crystalline materialsystem. This presentation
will describe efforts to develop atomicprecision patterned ALE of Si, earlycommercial applications of this technology,approaches to dramatically improve thethroughput of the process, and plans toextend atomic precision patterned ALE toinclude other semiconductors, insulators,and metals.John Randall, Vice President, Zyvex Labs
10:30 AM – 11:00 AMBreak
11:00 AM – 11:30 AMBiological Molecular Motors forBionanotechnologyA few well-known molecular motors will be
described, their potentialuses within nano deviceswill be illustrated, and workwith an unusual molecularmotor that provides a linkbetween the biologicalworld and the siliconworld—acting as a
molecular dynamo—will be presented.Potential application in areas as diverse asbiosensing, drug delivery, responsivematerials, and single molecule drugscreening will be discussed.Keith Firman, School of Biological Sciences,University of Portsmouth, UNITED KINGDOM
11:30 AM – 12:00 PMAtomistic Modeling of NanoScaleSystemsMolecular dynamics simulations of proteinstructures for several microseconds ofsimulated time can be performed in matters
of weeks on nextgeneration massivelyparallel computers.Inorganic clusters, such asthose used in supportedmetal catalysts, will besupported by prediction ofthe geometrical
arrangement of the atoms or the opticalabsorption probability. Recent results inboth areas obtained using large scaleparallelism, and limitations which still existin the ability to predict atomic scaleproperties, will be discussed.James W. Davenport, Director,Computational Science Center, BrookhavenNational Laboratory
12:00 PM – 12:30 PMKEYNOTE: Mapping Roads toAdvanced NanotechnologiesThe Roadmap project has surveyedcapabilities and prospects for the design and
fabrication of atomically-precise functionalnanosystems. Progress canbe quantified byperformance metrics andcharted in terms ofsuccessive generations ofenabling technologies.
Increasing complexity will demand anincreasing focus on system-level design anddevelopment.K. Eric Drexler, Chief Technical Advisor,Nanorex
12:30 PM – 2:00 PMFeynman Prize Luncheon
2:00 PM – 2:30 PMEngineering Atomically-PreciseDevices to Transform MolecularStructuresComputational design methods for proteinswith novel ligand-binding sites and enzyme
activities have beendeveloped andexperimentally validated.Starting with a protein ofknown structure, the set ofmutations necessary to alteror introduce ligand-bindingor enzyme activity in that
structure are predicted. These designs canbe produced by oligonucleotide-directedmutagenesis and heterologous proteinexpression. Biosensors for a wide variety ofligands, including TNT, nerve agentsurrogates, and metabolites have beenconstructed.Homme Hellinga, Department ofBiochemistry, Duke University
2:30 PM – 3:00 PMNew Synthetic Strategies to BuildProtein Based NanomaterialsThe small size of new device componentsmake it difficult to position them into
functional assemblies usingexisting patterningtechniques. As one solution,the protein shells of twoviruses have been convertedinto scaffolds that canposition nanoscale objectswith excellent spatial
resolution. This has been used to synthesizearrays of fluorescent molecules as well asusing core/shell materials for applications indiagnostic imaging. These and otherapplications of the new materials will bepresented.Matthew B. Francis, Department ofChemistry, University of California, Berkeley
Conference Agenda
For complete description of all presentations, visit
www.sme.org/nanosystems.
3:00 PM – 3:30 PMDNA Nanotube-Enabled Alignmentof Membrane Proteins for NMRStructure DeterminationThe construction of atomically-precise,micron-length nanostructures that enable
structure determination ofmembrane proteins, whichrepresent the majority ofdrug targets, will bepresented. Detergent-resistant liquid crystals of 0.8-µm-long DNA nanotubes thatenable weak alignment of
detergent-reconstituted ζ-ζ transmembranedomain of the T-cell receptor have beengenerated. The use of DNA nanotube strutsto self-assemble icosahedral cages that are100 nanometers in diameter and futureapplication as encapsulation devices and drugdelivery vehicles will also be discussed.William M. Shih, Harvard Medical School andDepartment of Cancer Biology, Dana-FarberCancer Institute
3:30 PM – 4:00 PMBreak
4:00 PM – 4:30 PMMultifunctional Carbon Nanotube-Based Systems: LinkingSynthesis and Function Translating the properties observed forindividual nanostructures to macroscale
composites has provendifficult. This presentationwill address the roadmapfrom nanoscale synthesis tomacroscale functionality,starting with fundamentalunderstanding of nanotubeand nanohorn synthesis
gained through in situ time-resolvedcharacterization of their growth. Effects ofprocessing and assembly on the path towardfunctional macroscale systems will beillustrated with several examples.David B. Geohegan, Distinguished ResearchStaff Member, Oak Ridge National Laboratory
4:30 PM – 5:30 PMPANEL DISCUSSION: Pathways MODERATOR: Jim Von Ehr, Founder, ZyvexGroupMultiple technologies are competing—andcooperating—in the drive to achieveatomically-precise manufacturing. This panelwill debate how these R&D pathways interactand converge and how each pathway will beaccelerated by unique achievements andpayoffs in fields ranging from medicine tonew materials to computation.
PANELISTS: • Christian E. Schafmeister, Department of
Chemistry, Temple University • John Randall, Vice President, Zyvex Labs • K. Eric Drexler, Chief Technical Advisor,
Nanorex • Keith Firman, School of Biological Sciences,
University of Portsmouth
Wednesday, October 10
7:45 AM – 8:00 AMCoffee and refreshments
8:00 AM – 8:30 AMNanophase Materials: A Persistent EnablerNanophase materials have been credited withenabling functional property control for both
natural and syntheticstructures. The advent ofnanoscopy tools has allowedthe pursuit of productivenanosystems. Thispresentation will focus onrecent examples of functionalnanosystems related to
polymer synthesis and applications inphotonics, energy conversion, and renewablematerials.Dennis W. Smith, Jr., Department ofChemistry, Clemson University
8:30 AM – 9:00 AMSingle-Atom Manipulation and theChemistry of MechanosynthesisCentral to advanced molecular manufacturingis the expectation of single-atom control for
the fabrication ofnanostructures and,eventually, productivenanosystems. Quantumchemical studies of candidatesingle-atom assemblystructures are an importantdesign tool, providing both a
means to design optimization, and the abilityto predict failure rates and defect structuresassociated with potentially reactive molecularspecies.Damian G. Allis, Research Fellow, ICPRFP;Senior Scientist, Nanorex; and Theorist inResidence, Syracuse University
9:00 AM – 9:30 AMBiological and Nanoscale SystemsThe need to understand and engineer systemson similar scales presents a mutuallybeneficial merging of bio- and nano-sciences.
This convergence can result inan unprecedentedunderstanding of biologicalfunction and opportunities toapply biology’s engineeringprinciples. An example of thiswill be presented,highlighting how the physicalcharacteristics of the cell can
be mimicked with nanomaterials to createnovel analytical devices and to reveal detailsof natural cell function.Mitchel J. Doktycz, Research Staff, Oak RidgeNational Laboratory
9:30 AM – 10:00 AMAtomic-Scale Device Fabrication in SiliconA complete fabrication strategy towardsatomic-scale device fabrication in silicon usingphosphorus as a dopant in combination with
scanning probe lithographyand high purity crystalgrowth will be demonstrated.This process has been used tofabricate conductingnanoscale wires with widthsdown to ~8 nm, tunneljunctions, single electrontransistors, and arrays of
quantum dots in silicon. An overview of thedevices made with this technology and someof the challenges to achieving atomically-precise devices will be presented. Michelle Simmons, School of Physics,University of New South Wales, AUSTRALIA
10:00 AM – 10:30 AMBreak
10:30 AM – 11:00 AMNanotechnology in Singapore:Towards Atomic-ScaleManufacturingThe Agency for Science, Technology andResearch (A*STAR) of Singapore has identified
several strategic areas thatinclude nanomagnetics,nano/micro fabrication,nanophotonics, andnanobiomimetics withapplications in engineeringsciences and human health.For example, at IMRE,activities in atomic scale
technology focus on atomic scalemanipulation and miniature scanning probe-type devices.Khiang Wee Lim, Executive Director, Instituteof Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE),SINGAPORE
11:00 AM – 11:30 AMInformation Technology: Toward theAtomic ScaleNew lithographic processes, combined withincreasingly sophisticated processes of naturalpattern formation (templated and directedself-assembly), will enable us to learn to build
objects with complexstructure defined down tothe atomic scale. This willrequire judicious choice ofbuilding blocks, cleverdynamical steering of theself-assembly process, anddesign of structures that are
tolerant of some defects. Although this is along-term vision, sophisticated self-assemblyprocesses are already beginning to enterhigh-volume semiconductor manufacturing. Thomas Theis, Director, Physical Sciences, IBMWatson Research Center
11:30 AM – 12:00 PMFeynman Prize Winner: TheoryThe 2007 winner will present the award-winning work in the area of theory.Previous winners include:• Erik Winfree and Paul Rothemund,
California Institute of Technology• Christian Joachim, Center Nationale de la
Recherche Scientifique, FRANCE• David Baker, University of Washington and
Brian Kuhlman, University of NorthCarolina
• Don Brenner, North Carolina StateUniversity
• Mark Ratner, Northwestern University• Uzi Landman, Georgia Tech• Ralph Merkle, Zyvex and Stephen Walch,
ELORET NASA Ames
12:00 PM – 12:30 PMFeynman Prize Winner:ExperimentalThe 2007 winner will present the award-winning work in the area of experimental.Previous winners include:• Christian Schafmeister, University of
Pittsburgh• Homme Hellinga, Duke University• Carlo Montemagno, University of
California at Los Angeles• Chad Mirkin, Northwestern University• Charles Lieber, Harvard University• Stan Williams and Philip Kuekes, HP Labs
and James Heath, University of Californiaat Los Angeles
• Phaedon Avouris, IBM• Reza Ghadiri, Scripps Research Institute
12:30 PM – 1:45 PMLuncheon
1:45 PM – 2:15 PMLow Cost, Atomically-PreciseManufacturing of DefenseSystems: Progress and ApplicationsProductive nanosystems based on molecularmachines are the only known technological
approach that can satisfythe manufacturingobjective of making largeobjects to atomic precisionat a lower cost. Productivenanosystems will allow themanufacture of structuralmaterials that approach
their theoretical strength limits—about 100times stronger than today’s metals andplastics—enabling the DoD to substantiallyreduce energy consumption andenvironmental pollution.David R. Forrest, Engineer, Naval SurfaceWarfare Center and President, Institute forMolecular Manufacturing
2:15 PM – 2:45 PMMolecular Design of Solid StateLighting for Energy EfficiencySolid-state lighting based on inorganic III-nitride light emitting diodes is alreadyachieving market penetration in niche
segments. Examples fromsemiconductor technologyand biology will be used toillustrate the importance ofmolecular scale precision forhigh efficiency solid-statelighting. The challenges,progress, and remaining
roadblocks to a viable organic solid-statelighting technology will be discussed.Paul E. Burrows, Laboratory Fellow, PacificNorthwest National Laboratory
2:45 PM – 3:15 PMA Comparison of Nanotechnology-Enabled Photovoltaic Materialsand Devices with Near-TermCommercialization PotentialSeveral photovoltaic technologies that areviable for near-term commercialization,within approximately five years, will be
compared and contrasted.Not all of these arenanotechnology-enabledtechnologies. The prospectsof such technologies beingdeployed in wide-scalephotovoltaic applications inthe near term will be
examined. Several of these technologies arebeing developed through the Wright Centerfor Photovoltaics Innovation andCommercialization (PVIC), a program fundedby the Ohio Third Frontier Program.Robert J. Davis, Director, Nanotech WestLaboratory, The Ohio State University
3:15 PM – 3:45 PMBreak
3:45 PM – 4:45 PMPANEL DISCUSSION: ApplicationsMODERATOR: Pearl Chin, President,Foresight Nanotech InstituteWork toward productive nanosystemsresults in new commercial applications atvirtually every step. The increasing ability to
control matter to atomicprecision enables majorleaps in power generationand storage, computationdensity and efficiency, highperformance sensors, andmaterials for aerospace thatoutperform past
achievements by surprising factors. Thispanel will explore the possibilities fromnear-term and practical to longer-term andvisionary.
PANELISTS:Malcolm R. O’Neill, former CTO, LockheedMartin; and Chairman,Board on Army S&T, The National Academies
Thomas Theis, Director, Physical Sciences,IBM Research
Papu Maniar, Advanced Materials andNanotechnology Manager,Motorola
J. Storrs Hall, Research Fellow, Institutefor MolecularManufacturing
4:45 PM – 5:00 PMClosing Remarks
LOCATION AND LODGINGDoubleTree Hotel Crystal City–National Airport300 Army Navy DriveArlington, VA 22202-2891 USA
Room Reservations: Call the hotel directly at+1 (703) 416-4100 and mention SME and thisevent to receive the reduced room rate of$169/per night (single and double). Rooms thatare not reserved by September 17, 2007, will bereleased. After this date, room availability andSME's reduced rate cannot be guaranteed.
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Visit www.sme.org/nanosystems to makereservations online and for driving directions.
www.sme.org/nanosystems
Productive Nanosystems:Launching the Technology RoadmapOctober 9–10, 2007 DoubleTree Hotel Crystal City–National Airport • Arlington, Virginia USA
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