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Prof. Zvi Ben-Avraham Dr. Lev EppelbaumProf. Dan Kosloff Dr. Shmulik Marco Prof. Moshe Reshef
Dr. Hillel Wust Bloch
Submersible Submersible “Delta” in the “Delta” in the Dead SeaDead SeaNovember 1999November 1999
Prof. Z. Ben-Avraham
Prof. Z. Ben-Avraham
Prof. D. Kosllof
• Exploration seismology
• Seismic wave propagation
• Seismic inversion
• Signal processing
Ateret 1202
Jerash 749
Kala’at Nemord 1759
Analysis of earthquake damage in archaeological structures
Dr. S. Marco
Temporal distribution of earthquakes: Example from the Dead Sea basin based on deformation of rocks
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Earthquakes/5 kyr
Age, kyr
Cluster I
Cluster II
Seismite
Dr. S. Marco
Prof. Moshe Reshef
Seismic data analysis for oil exploration
Seismic imaging and velocity model building
Large-scale seismic data processing
Geophysical computer-algorithm development
Dr. Hille Wust-Bloch
Nanoseismic Monitoring Platforms
Dr. H. Wust-Bloch
2005:- 1.7 < ML < 3.3
Nanoseismic Monitoring
2004: ML 5.0
2002: ML -3.6
2005: ML 2.9
2004: ML 2.1
2005: ML -0.7
Types and Magnitudes of Source Processes
2006:- 2.3 < ML < 8 [CTBTO: Illegal blast monitoring]
[Weak seismicity monitoring]
[Aftershock monitoring]
[Sinkhole and cavitation monitoring]
[Blast monitoring]
[MERC: regional seismic calibration]
[CTBTO: blast activity monitoring]
Dr. H. Wust-Bloch
Integrated magnetic-paleomagnetic-radiometrical scheme of Lake Kinneret area 1 & 2 - respectively normally and reversely magnetized basalts, 3 - Neogene basalts, 4 - sediments, 5 - boundaries of paleomagneic zones in the Lake Kinneret, 6 - faults, 7 - radiometric age of basalts, 8 - data of surface paleo-magnetic measurements: a - reverse magnetization, b - normal magnetization, 9 - data of magnetic field analysis in the lake: a - reverse magnetization, b - normal magnetization; 10 - boreholes, 11 - generalized direction of the buried basaltic plate dipping, 12 - location of paleomagnetic profile. 1n, 2n, 3n, 1Ar, 2Ar and 3Ar are the indexes of paleomagnetic zones.
Dr. L. Eppelbaum
Interpretation magnetic data at the Roman archaeological site Banias (northern Israel):
A – Polynomial smoothed map of the total magnetic field (observation level is 1 m over the earth’s surface),
B – Results of inverse problem solution along profile I - I, C – Results of 3-D modeling of magnetic field
along profile I – I
Dr. L. Eppelbaum
Prof. Pinhas Alpert Dr. Pavel KishchaDr. Nili Harnik Dr. Shimon KrichakDr. Eyal Heifetz Prof. Zev Levin
Prof. Colin Price
Prof. P.AlpertDynamics of weather,
Numerical weather prediction,
Climate changes ,
Effects of land-use changes on climate,
Global warming and the E. Mediterranean ,
Rainfall variability ,
Mesoscale modeling & observations ,
Cyclogenesis,
Synoptic analysis ,
Aerosols effects on climate and weather ,
Modeling dust transport ,
Sea-Breezes- observations & modelling
Dr. N. Harnik
Former Research interests • Storm track dynamics and variability: Observations of the interannual
and decadal variations of the Northern Hemisphere storm tracks. The relationship between the interannual variations of the jet and storm track strength in the Pacific.
• Stratospheric dynamics: Planetary wave structure and variability. The effects of downward reflection on wave structure.
• TMME- Tropical Modulation of Midlatitude Eddies - the effect of ENSO on midlatitude circulation.
• Mid latitude eddy life cycle dynamics. The effects of basic state wave geometry on the life cycles (LC1 vs LC2), and possible consequences for larger scale circulation- strom track structure and variability, the response of midlatitudes to El Nino.
• The North Atlantic Oscillation - Arctic Oscillation: the interaction with the stratosphere
Dr. Nili Harnik
figure 1: a schematic illustration of the two approaches to shear instability. the figures show at a glance that the approaches are very different from each other.
figure 2: Time lag-heigt correlations of the Northern Annular Mode (NAM). Figures show that the downward migration of the NAM signal from the stratosphere to the troposphere is absent during years with strong downward reflection of planetary waves. Since NAM is primarily a zonal mean signal driven by absorption of planetary waves, it suggets two dynamical regimes in the stratosphere- reflective or absorptive
figure 3: Seager et al 2003 (I am second author on these papers) studied the zonal mean response to ENSO. They defined an index based on the seasonally varying 300mb zona mean wind which essentially reflects ENSO. plotted are the regressions of DJF zonal mean temperature (colors in both plots), winds (top contours) and vertical velocity w (bottom contours). all based on ncep reanalysis after 79. the plots show the signal during El Nino: anomalous cooling in midlatitudes, which is located in a region of anomalous ascent. This anomalous ascent is driven by anomalous eddy momntum fluxes. the theory: el nino strengthens the subtropical jet (stronger Hadley cell), which alters the midlatitude eddies to yield the observed response. This is a main motivation to the ongoing research (topics mentioned above in the slide) how are midlatitude eddies affected by the anomalies in the basic state?
Overreflection
Dr. Nili Harnik – research interests
Shear instability- relating the two existing and very different theories, based on wave propagation in the shear direction or cross-shear direction:
Counter propagating Rossby Waves
Stratospheric dynamics and downward coupling to the troposphere - effects of downward reflection of planetary waves:
time lag - days
he
igh
tThe coupling is very different during years with downward reflection – two dynamical regimes?
Figure:
Time-height correlations of NAM index, reference height - 10mb(Perlwitz and Harnik 2004)
All years years with years with no reflection reflection
(Harnik and Heifetz, 2006, to be submitted to QJRMS)
Effects of barotropic shear on baroclinic waves – linear growth and nonlinear eddy life cycles .
The role of wave-mean flow interaction and eddy life cycles for mid-lattitude atmospheric variability
TMME- Tropical Modulation of Midlatitude Eddies: why are midlatitudes colder during El Nino?
Dr. Nili Harnik – research interests (cont)
Seager et al, J Clim 2003, QJRMS 2005ENSO has a zonal mean extratropical signal which is driven by anomalous eddy momentum fluxes.
Figure: Zonal mean ENSO related anomalies for DJF: Color in both - temperature. Top contours - wind, Bottom contours - vertical velocity.
Work with M. Whittman, Columbia University; Climate group, Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory, O. Pasternak, TAU
Dr. E. Heifetz
• Dynamic meteorology
• Cyclones formation and their interaction with the jet stream
• Non-linear and non-modal hydrodynamic unstable systems
1) The first is an image of a dust storm during MEIDEX. The image shows the interaction of the dust and the clouds to the north. We see some invigoration of the clouds as seen in the middle and the more eastern clouds. 2) The second is an electron microscope image of dust particles with sea salt on them. This is important because the dust is a good ice nuclei (forms ice crystals in clouds at warmer temperature than most natural particles) and sea salt is a good condensation nuclei. Thus such particles form giant CCN which form large drops leading to early and rapid growth by collection.3) The third is a result from our model simulation showing the increased pollution decreases the rain. In Israel we normally have about 400 CCN/cm3 leading to about 300-400 drops near cloud base. Increase pollution will lead to much higher drop concentrations and reduced precipitation.4) The forth slide shows the lifetime of clouds as they become affected by pollution. The large clouds that contain ice in them tend to increase the lifetime with increase pollution. On the other hand, small clouds such as those in the tropics and over the ocean, tend to reduce their lifetime with increased pollution
Prof. Z. Levin
(4 slides)
Dust storm during MEIDEX – 28 January, 2003
1
2 3
1 – possible clouds without dust2,3 – possible regions of interactions of dust and clouds
MODIS
1
23
Prof. Z. Levin
A dust storm during MEIDEX. The image shows the interaction of the dust and the clouds to the north. We see some invigoration of the clouds as seen in the middle and the more eastern clouds.
Zev Levin et al 2005, Submitted to JGR
Sea salt on dust particles in a dust storm over the Mediterranean Sea
Prof. Z. Levin
An electron microscope image of dust particles with sea salt on them. This is important because the dust is a good ice nuclei (forms ice crystals in clouds at warmer temperature than most natural particles) and sea salt is a good condensation nuclei. Thus such particles form giant CCN which form large drops leading to early and rapid growth by collection.
The combined effect of GCCN and IN on total precipitation
Prof. Z. Levin
A result from our model simulation showing the increased pollution decreases the rain. In Israel we normally have about 400 CCN/cm3 leading to about 300-400 drops near cloud base. Increase pollution will lead to much higher drop concentrations and reduced precipitation.
CCN effect on cloud lifetime
)Hongli et al., in press GRL, 2006(
Prof. Z. Levin
The lifetime of clouds as they become affected by pollution. The large clouds that contain ice in them tend to increase the lifetime with increase pollution. On the other hand, small clouds such as those in the tropics and over the ocean, tend to reduce their lifetime with increased pollution.
Prof. Colin PriceTropical Thunderstorms Influence Water Vapor in the Upper Troposphere (UTWV)
Radio Waves from Lightning in Africa (detected at our Negev station) can be used to track changes in UTWV
Lightning
Water Vapor
First observations of Sprites above Thunderstorms in Israel
January 14th 2006, from Mitzpe-Ramon
Prof. Colin Price
Dr. Pavel Kishcha Department of Geophysics and Planetary Sciences,Tel-Aviv University
Research topics:
1. Modeling and forecasting of desert dust aerosols and their effects on the Eastern Mediterranean weather and climate;
2. Modeling and forecasting of sea-salt aerosols;
3. Global distributions of aerosol-cloud radiative properties and their trends based on satellite data and ground-based pyranometer measurements.
Saharan dust over the Mediterranean on May 5,
2007.
05/05/2007 SeaWIFS satellite data
3D-distributions of Saharan Dust: Daily Forecasting
Dr. Pavel Kishcha
Sea-salt aerosols over the Mediterranean region on February 07, 2007
Dr. Pavel Kishcha
Aerosol optical depth (AOD)
Latitudinal variations of cloud and aerosol optical thickness and their trends based
on MODIS data (2000 – 2006)
(Reference: Kishcha, P., B. Starobinets, and P. Alpert, GRL, 2007)
Cloud optical thickness (COT)
In contrast to AOD, COT is quite symmetrical in both hemispheres.
Effect of Urbanization on Solar Dimming
obtained for all 317 worlwide sites (1964-1989)
Dimming is essentially dominated by anthropogenic emissions: a decline in surface solar radiation became sharper at sites with population density increasing up to 200 persom/km2; Some saturation was observed at highly-populated sites: the trend at sites with population density < 200 persom/km2 was less pronounced than that at sites with a lower population density.
-0.22 W/m2/yr-0.24 W/m2/yr 55
-0.05 W/m2/yr
-0.26 W/m2/yr
-0.32 W/m2/yr
44
109
56
Not signific.
0.002
0.001
Surface solar radiation trend
Number of pyranometer
Significance
siteslevel
0.013 53 0.007
Population density
< 10
10 < & < 100
100 < & < 200 200 < & < 400 < 400
< Dr. Pavel Kishcha
Dynamic Tropopause Effects of a Dec. 2001Atlantic-Mediterranean Teleconnection Episode Initiated by
Extratropical Transition of Hurricane Olga
Simon O. Krichak, P. Alpert & M. Dayan
(e-mail: [email protected])
Department of Geophysics and Planetary Sciences, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Israel
WMO/TMRP THIRD INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON EXTRATROPICAL TRANSITION
(IWET-III )Perth, Australia, 5-9 December 2005
Israeli floods of December 3 – 5 2001
Hydrodynamic modeling of the Earth atmosphere for weather/mineral dust prediction, atmospheric circulation studies and climate simulation
Dr. Shimon Krichak
Weather Research Center (WeRC) at TAU
The system developed performs- Twice-daily weather prediction for the eastern Mediterranean region with the MM5 model: 60 and 20 km resolution 36 vertical layers- Once-daily mineral dust prediction with the Eta (DREAM) mineral dust prediction. 50 km resolution, 32 vertical layers
Signatures of the NAO in the atmospheric circulation during wet winter months over the Mediterranean region
NAO low NAO high
Dr. Shimon Krichak
Regional Climate Modeling for the Eastern Mediterranean (EM) region
50 km coarse resolution run 17 km nesting of the coarse resolution results
Results of RegCM3 downscaling of current (1961-1990) and future climate 2071-2100 (A2 and B2 emission scenarios) are produced
Example: downscaling regional winter precipitation with RegCM3 model. Driving data: NNRP 1982-1983 (DS=250 km)
Hydrodynamic modeling of the Earth atmosphere for weather/mineral dust prediction, atmospheric circulation studies and climate simulation
Prof Akiva Bar-Nun Dr. Leonid Alperovich
Prof. Morris Podolak Dr. Peter Israelevich
Prof. Dina Prialnik Kovetz
Dr. Shay Zucker
Comet Simulation Systems
Prof. A. Bar-Nun
0
50
100
150
200
250
0 2 4 6 8
Dist. (AU)
Te
mp
. (K
)
Grain temperature – for 10m grains of pure ice, dirty ice, 1m silicate core, 5m silicate core, all in the photosphere. The green squares show the location of the snowline. In all cases it is around 145 K. The grain temperatures for pure ice and 1 m silicate core at midplane are also shown. Here the snowline is at around 170 K. This research is being done in collaboration with Prof. D. Sasselov of Harvard University
Prof. M. PodolakProf. M. Podolak
1.00E-02
1.00E-01
1.00E+00
1.00E+01
1.00E-07 1.00E-06 1.00E-05 1.00E-04 1.00E-03 1.00E-02 1.00E-01 1.00E+00
Grain Size (m)
Gra
in S
pee
d (
m/s
)
Speeds of ice grains ejected from a comet for the Rosetta Mission to comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. I am associated with the SESAME experiment run by the DLR Istitute of Space Simulation, Koeln, Germany.
Prof. M. PodolakProf. M. Podolak
EnergyEnergy sourcessources
ProcessesProcesses ActivityActivity
PropertiesProperties
Structure,Structure,Composition,Composition,
OrbitOrbit
physics
physics
mo
mmooddeelilinngg
observationsobservations
observationsobservations
Cometary ResearchCometary Research
Prof. Dina Prialnik, Prof. Morris Podolak + 10 Ph.D. and M.Sc. students
Numerical Numerical modeling of modeling of comet nucleicomet nuclei
Prof. D. Prialnik
Dr. Shay Zucker – research interests
• Search for extrasolar planets: – Ground-based spectroscopic observations (Doppler method)– Ground-based photometry (looking for transits/eclipses)– Space-based observations (the satellite Hipparcos, the planned
space missions CoRoT, Gaia)
• Formation and evolution of planetary systems– Statistical properties of current extrasolar planet sample– Conditions in the protoplanetary disk (gas and dust properties,
planetary migration)
Dr. Shay Zucker – research interests
• The Black Hole in the Galactic Center as a ‘planetary’ system– Celestial mechanics of the stars around the Black Hole– Role of interstellar comets in the Galactic Center
• Celestial Mechanics– Detectable orbital effects of Special and General Relativity– Orbital resonances– Tidal evolution
• Minor Bodies in the Solar System– Photometric analysis of binary and rotating asteroids– Occultations by Kuiper betl objects and asteroids
Dr. Leonid Alperovich Ultra Low Frequency geomagnetic pulsations
I. Magnetospheric propagation of the MagnetoHydroDynamic (MHD) waves;
II. Ionospheric transformation of MHD waves;
III. Separation of the ground variations into two classes:
A. Space produced oscillations;
B. Tectonogenic variations.
C. Signal processing
N
Magnetosphericsource, frequency
Resonance field line
MHD wave
Two conjugate points, N and S
S
Magnetospheric plasma can be considered as a high conductive fluid embedded into the strong magnetic field
N
Continuous pulsations
Irregular pulsations
NamePeriod (s)NamePeriod (s)
Pc10.5 - 5Pi11 - 40
Pc25 - 10Pi240 - 150
Pc310 - 45
Pc445 - 150
Pc5150 - 600
Dr. L. Alperovich
Magnetospheric Diagnostics
Resonance period:
length of a field line
phase velocity
.
Magnetic field
cold plasma density
N
AS
A
dl
V l
lV l
l
Israel
T=35s
Dr. L. Alperovich
ULF Magnetospheric Diagnostics and Deep Electromagnetic Sounding of the Earth
I. Magnetospheric plasma can be considered as a high conductive fluid in the strong magnetic field
II. Ground observations of the ULF geomagnetic pulsations yield information
A. on distribution of the cold plasma in the magnetosphere
B. Geoelectrical structure of the Earth
C. Geomagnetic perturbations associated with an earthquake
Dr. L. Alperovich
Dr. Peter Israelevich
• Solar-terrestrial relations
• Magnetospheric physics
• Physics of comets
• Laboratory simulations
• Space technology
We have studied the problem of bifurcation of the current sheet in the magnetospheric tail. We succeded to find the first example of current sheet bifurcation in the Jovian magnetosphere. Figure shows the profile of the electric current density during one of the Voyager 2 current sheet crossings. Distribution of the current density exhibits two distinct maxima and the minimum at Bx = 0, i.e. at z = 0. In contrast to the Earth’s magnetosphere, double peak current sheet is a rather rare feature of Jovian magnetosphere
Crossing of the bifurcated Jovian magnetotail current sheet
Dr. P. Israelevich
We have proposed a model of the magnetic tail current sheet bifurcation due to the ion pressure anisotropy in the plane perpendicular to the magnetic field.
The figure shows the model profile of electric current density (red line) and the averaged dependence of electric current density on the Bx-component of the magnetic field in the geomagnetic tail, measured by CLUSTER in August-October 2001
Perpendicular temperature anisotropyDr. P. Israelevich
ISA-MEIDA = Israel Space Agency - Mid-East Interactive Data ArchiveHead: Prof. Pinhas AlpertScientific Manager: Dr. Amnon StuppIn Israel 90% of the data collected for Earth System research is lost. The Israeli In Israel 90% of the data collected for Earth System research is lost. The Israeli NASA Node is the only organization in Israel committed to saving and preserving NASA Node is the only organization in Israel committed to saving and preserving Earth System Data. Earth System Data. ISA-MEIDA is part of a network including NASA, DLR, JAXA (previously NASDA), ISA-MEIDA is part of a network including NASA, DLR, JAXA (previously NASDA), and more.and more.
ISA-MEIDA Access Statistics 2007
0
1,000
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9,000
January February March April May June July August September October November December
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Mo
nth
ly T
ota
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isit
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Visits
ISA-MEIDA Access year 2007
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200,000
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300,000
350,000
400,000
January February March April May June July August September October November December
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Hits
ISA-MEIDA Access Statistics for the year 2007Head: Prof. Pinhas AlpertScientific Manager: Dr. Amnon Stupp