SOMAYE ZAMANAIAN MSC (OT) STUDENT, DEPARTMENT OF OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY, SCHOOL OF

REHABILITATION SCIENCES, IRAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES.

NARGES SHAFAROODI, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, DEPARTMENT OF OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY, SCHOOL OF

REHABILITATION SCIENCES, IRAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES.

Professionalism,Professional Identity And

Clinical Competency In Occupational Therapy

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Outline Professionalism

Is occupational therapy really a profession? What is professionalism? What is Professionalism in occupational therapy Steps toward professionalism: The heart, mind & soul of professionalism in occupational therapy

Professional Identity How Do You Explain Occupational Therapy To People? Are Occupational Therapists doing Different Things Which Other Professionals Can Not? What is professional identity? Professional identity is effected by four components: What is wrong? How to develop professional identity?

Clinical Competency What is competency? Benner & Dreyfus stage of clinical competency Components of clinical competency: Why measure competency? Which assessment method should be used? Literature review:

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Professionalism

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Is Occupational Therapy Really

A Profession?

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What Is Professionalism?

GREENWOOD (1957) PROPOSED A LIST OF CHARACTERISTICS :

A systematic body of theory Authority A restriction of admission A code of ethics A professional culture

Elizabeth townsend(1998) 132-138. sociology & occupational therapy. Churchill livingstone.

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What Is Professionalism In Occupational Therapy:

Professional Behaviours (Skills/Practice, Relationships, Presentation)

Professional Responsibility(Profession,self,community,empoyer/Client

Professional Parameter (Legal Issue, Ethics & Morality)

Ann Bossers, Jan Kernaghan, Lisa Hodging, Leann Meral. Defining and developing professionalism. CANADIAN JOURNAL

OF JUNE 1999 OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY

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Steps Toward Professionalism Pursue graduate education Network with occupational therapists Critique your own clinical thinking Develop relationships with other

professionals Be open to different points of view

Diane Parham. Toward Professionalism: The Reflective Therapist. The American Journal of Occupational Therapy.

september 1987,vol 41. number 9

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Do not assume that your view is inferior or superior

Learn to argue constructively by arguing Be a research consumer and contributor Present yourself as a professional Communicate like a professional

Diane Parham. Toward Professionalism: The Reflective Therapist. The American Journal of Occupational Therapy.

september 1987,vol 41. number 9

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Steps Toward Professionalism Cont’d.

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The Heart, Mind & Soul Of Professionalism In Occupational Therapy

Wendy Wood. The Heart, Mind, and Soul of Professionalism in

Occupational Therapy. The American Journal of Occupational Therapy.

May/June 2004, Volume 58, Number 3

Sweet heart Sweet heart Sweet heartSweet heartSweet heart Sweet heart

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Professional Identity

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How Do You Explain Occupational Therapy

To People

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?

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Are Occupational Therapists Doing Different

Things Which Other Professionals Can Not

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?

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What Is Professional Identity?

The occupational therapist’s concept of: what it means to be and act as an occupational therapists To define the occupational therapy profession The occupational therapist’s role And to enact that role in the activities of practice.

Debra jane Adele Hanson. page 15-16 The Professional identity of occupational therapists: construction, enactment, and valued

supports. Umi Dissertation publishing

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Components Of Professional Identity

World viewField of action viewCompetenceInterests

Debra jane Adele Hanson. page 15-16 The Professional identity of occupational therapists: construction,

enactment, and valued supports. Umi Dissertation publishing

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What Is Wrong?

Which intervention could we claim to be the domain of occupational therapy?

Is occupational therapy losing its identity?

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How To Develop Professional Identity?

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Philosophy

+

Paradigm

&

EducationMosen.Ikiugu,Heather M Rosso. Facilitating professional identity in occupational therapy students. Occupational

Therapy International, 10(3), 206-225, 2003

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Clinical Competency

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What Is Clinical Competency?

Competency encompasses Knowledge, Skills, Abilities and Traits.It is gained in the healthcare professions through pre-service education, in-service training and work experience.

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Neeraj Kak, Bart Burkhalter, Merri-Ann Cooper. Measuring the competence of health providers. July2001. volume

no.2.issue1.

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Benner & Dreyfus Stage Of Clinical Competency

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NOVICE

ADVANCED BEGINNER

COMPETENT

PROFICIENT

EXPERT

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Components Of Clinical Competency

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• It Obtained In Several Ways.Knowledge

• It Means The Level Of Acceptable Mastery.Skills

• Refers To The Power Or Capacity To Do/Act SomethingAbilities

• Refer To Distinguishing Characteristics Or Qualities, Especially Of A Personal NatureTraits

Neeraj Kak, Bart Burkhalter, Merri-Ann Cooper. Measuring the competence of health providers. July2001. volume no.2.issue1.

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Why measure competency? Healthcare reform Organizational performance Liability and ethics Risk management Certification and recertification of providers Planning for new services Measuring training outcomes Selection of new staff Individual performance improvement Supervision

Neeraj Kak, Bart Burkhalter, Merri-Ann Cooper. Measuring the competence of health providers. July2001. volume

no.2.issue1

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Which assessment method should be used? Written test Computerized tests Review of medical records Anatomic models Job simulation Job sample Performance appraisals

Neeraj Kak, Bart Burkhalter, Merri-Ann Cooper. Measuring the competence of health providers.

July2001. volume no.2.issue1.

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Literature ReviewArticle Details and Method Result and Finding

Chelsea J. Hordichuk, Allison J. Robinson and Theresa M. Sullivan. Conceptualising professionalism in occupational therapy through a Western lens. Australian Occupational Therapy Journal (2015) 62, 150–159

A broad literature search was conducted and included international peer-reviewed and grey literature from Western cultures To enrich understanding, some documents from medicine were also included. Review article

Professionalism is widely upheld as a core construct of occupational therapy. However, an evidence based consensus of the specific elements of professionalism guiding occupational therapy practice is lacking.

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Literature Review Cont’d.Article Details and Method Result and Finding

Allison J. Robinson, Chelsea J. Tanchuk, Theresa M. Sullivan. Professionalism and occupational therapy: An exploration of faculty and students’ perspectives. Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy December 2012 79(5) 275.

This interpretivist qualitative study used convenience sampling.

Students focus on different themes rather than faculty. Understanding and enacting professionalism may bedevelopmental process.

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Literature Review Cont’d.Article Details and Method Result and Finding

Annie Turner. Judith Knight. A debate on the professional identity of occupational therapists. British Journal of Occupational Therapy 2015, Vol. 78(11) 664–673.

A range of international literature was reviewed. Inductive analysis elicited two major themes – reasons for issues with identity and the consequences of issues with identity.

To function as a community of practice requires occupational therapists to use a range of strategies that reinforce their unique occupation-based practice. Where all members commit to a single set of values and beliefs this can afford a unique identity,

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Literature Review Cont’d.Article Details and Method Result and Finding

MOSES N. IKIUG,HEATHER M. ROSSO. Facilitating professional identity in occupational therapy students. Occupational Therapy International, 10(3), 206-225, 2003

To explore how a graduate course help prepare students to develop a professional identity Thirty students participated in this course.

the course facilitated their professional identity through the connection made between theory and practice.

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Literature Review Cont’d.Article Details and Method Result and Finding

Azade jabbari, mohammad ali hoseini, saeed fatoure-chi.designing a valid & rliable tool for assessing the occupational therapist’s clinical competency. Vol.14.no 4, winter 2014,serial no 59.

It was a tool-making study. Many clinical competency statements were extracted from evidences and with two expert-panels; helped to emerge a questionnaire with sixtysix statements in seven categories. Face and content validity were confirmed by Lawshe method. Reliability was confirmed by pilot study, test-retest and internal consistency.

Appropriate tool to assess the occupational therapists’ clinical competency was made with 54 statements in seven categories. Its validity was approved by Lawshe method and reliability was approved by pilot study in 30 people.

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Thank You For Your Attention

More Resources

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1. Shoba Nayar, Marion Grayand Heleen Blijlevens. The competency of New Zealand new graduateoccupational therapists:Perceived strengths and weaknesses. Australian Occupational Therapy Journal (2013) 60, 189–196

2. Karen Sladyk, Karen Jacobs, and Nancy MacRae (Eds). Occupational Therapy Essentials for Clinical Competence (2010). Slack Incorporated.

3. Essential competencies of practice for occupational therapists in CANADA. College of occupational therapists of Ontario.4. Sylvia Rodger, Michele Clark, Rebecca Banks, Mia O’Brien and Kay Martinez. A national evaluation of the Australian

Occupational Therapy Competency Standards (1994): A multistakeholder perspective. Australian Occupational Therapy Journal (2009) 56, 384–392.

5. Jenny Ziviani, Anne A. Poulsen, Katja Kotaniemi and Mary Law. The Belief in Goal Self-Competence Scale (BiGSS) – Exploring a new way to support individual goal pursuit and document occupational therapy outcomes in paediatric practice. Australian Occupational Therapy Journal (2014) 61, 316–324.

6. Alejandra Aguilar, Ieva Stupans, Sheila Scutter and Sharron King. Exploring professionalism: The professional values of Australian occupational therapists. Australian Occupational Therapy Journal (2012) 59, 209–217

7. Alejandra Aguilar, Ieva Stupans, Sheila Scutter and Sharron King. Towards a definition of professionalism in Australian occupational therapy: Using the Delphi technique to obtain consensus on essential values and behaviours. Australian Occupational Therapy Journal (2013) 60, 206–216

8. Alejandra Aguilar, leva Stupans, Sheila Scutter, and Sharron King. Exploring how Australian occupational therapists and physiotherapists understand each other's professional values: implications for interprofessional education and practice. J Interprof Care, 2014; 28(1): 15-22

9. Rakesh Guru, Muhammad A Siddiqui, Amir-ur-Rehman. PROFESSIONAL IDENTITY (ROLE BLURRING) OF OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY IN COMMUNITY MENTAL HEALTH IN INDIA. ISRA MEDICAL JOURNAL Volume 5 Issue 2 Jun 2013