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Profit and Loss

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PROFIT =

SP - CP

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LOSS =

CP - SP

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A cloth merchant bought 20 shirts, each @ Rs 180. He paid Rs 100 as octroi charges. He sold each of them for Rs 203.50. Find

his % profit

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Total cost = cost of 20 shirts + Rs 100

= 3700Cost / Shirt = 3700/20 = 185.

Selling price = 203.50. Profit = 203.5 - 185 = 18.50 % Profit = (18.50/185) *100

= 10%

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X purchased 2 watches @ the same price, sold one @ a profit of 10% and the

other @ 12.5%. If the difference between the

two SP is Rs 15, what is the the CP of each?

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Let the CP of the watch = 100the SP of 1st watch = 110 & the SP of 2nd watch = 112.5.

If the difference in the SP = 2.5,

then the CP = 100; if the difference in SP = 15,

the CP = (100 * 15) / 2.5 = 600

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A fruit vendor buys apples @ a score for Rs 175, and sells them @ a dozen for

Rs 114. What was the percentage of gain or

loss?

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CP = Rs.175/scoreCP/Pineapple = 175/20 = 8.75

(Note: 1 score = 20)SP = Rs 114/dozen

SP/Pineapple = 114/12 = 9.5Profit = 0.75

% Profit = (0.75/8.75)*100 = 8 4/7%

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A man sells two tables at the same price. On one

he makes a profit of 10% and on the other he

makes a loss of 10%.

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If the SP of the tables was Rs 1000 each, what was the profit / loss in Rs and what was the CP of each

of the tables?

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Net loss = % = 1% lossIf SP = A, the amount of loss =

2p2A / (1002 - p2) As the selling price = 1000,

loss =2*102*1000 / 1002 - 102 =2000/99 = 20 20/99

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Cost price of the item sold on profit

CP (1 + 0.1) = 1000. CP = 1000/1.1 = 909 1/11

Cost price of the item sold on loss

CP (1 - 0.1) = 1000. CP = 1000/0.9= 1111.11

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A floppy disc drive is sold for Rs 935 at a profit of 10%. What would have been the actual profit or loss if it had been sold at

Rs 807.50?

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CP (1.1) = 935. CP =935/1.1 = 850

If SP = Rs.807.50, then loss = 850 - 807.50 = 42.50

% Loss = (42.5/850)*100 = 5%

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Profit obtained by selling a wrist watch at Rs 160 is equal to 7/5

th of the profit obtained by selling the same wrist watch at Rs 150. What is the CP?

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Let the cost of a watch be X (160 - X) = 7/5* (150 - X)

800 - 5X = 1050 - 7X. 2X = 250

X = Rs.125

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R buys 20 kg of rice @ Rs 1.50/kg, and another 40

kg @ Rs 0.90/kg. R mixes them and sells 1/3rd of the

mixture @ Re 1/kg.

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At what price should R sell the remaining to get a

overall profit of 25%?

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Total cost for the entire quantity of rice = 20*1.5 + 40*0.9 = 66If R’s profit is 25% then the

sales realization = 1.25 * 66 = 82.50

R sells 20 kg at Re 1/kg = Rs.20.

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Therefore to make the required profit, R should sell the

remaining 40 kg at (82.50 - 20) = Rs.62.50

The SP of a kg of rice for the remaining 40 kgs =62.5/40 =

1.5625

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2000 copies of a book are printed at Rs 8000. What should be the list price if the publisher wants 50% profit after giving a 20%

discount on the list price?

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CP per book = 4Profit to be made = 50%

SP = 1.5 * 4 = 6Rs.6 should be the net price to

the publisher after a 20% discount on the list price.i.e List price * 0.8 = 6

List price = 6/0.8 = Rs.7.5

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What should each of the sixty T-Shirts be sold at,

(the CP of each is Rs.25), so as to get a profit equal to the SP of 10 of them?

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SP of 10 T-Shirts = (SP of 60 T-Shirts) - (CP of 60 T-Shirts)

10 SP = 60 SP - 60 * 2550 SP = 1500 SP = Rs.30

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5/8th of 160 chairs were sold @ profit of Rs.25 and the rest for Rs.8200. If the seller makes 25% profit in

the transaction, what is the CP of each?

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100 chairs were sold at a profit of Rs.25 each. profit on these

100 chairs = 2500S.P of all 160 chairs = C.P of

100 chairs + Profit on 100 chairs + S.P of 60 chairs

= 100 * C.P + 2500 + 8700 = 100 * C.P +10700

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But these 160 chairs were sold at a profit of 25%.

SP = 1.25*CP160*1.25*CP = 100*CP + 10700

200 CP = 100 CP + 10700 CP = 107

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If an article is sold at a loss of 66 2/3%, what is the loss in terms of the selling

price?

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Let the C.P = 100. Amount loss = 66 2/3*SP

= 100 - 66 2/3 = 33 1/3

Loss expressed in terms of SP = 66 2/3 / 33 1/3* 100 = 200%

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A sells an article to B at a profit of 5%. B sells the

same to C for Rs.1071 at a profit of 2%. What did A

pay for it?

1071 / (1.05 * 1.02) = 1000

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X buys a camera for Rs 6000 and sells it to Y @ profit of 20%. Y sells it to X @ loss of 10%. What was the % gain to X?

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Transaction I: SP of X = CP of Y = 1.2 * 6000 = 7200

Transaction II: SP of Y = CP of X = 0.9 * 7200 = 6480

net profit to X = S.PX1 - S.PY2 = 7200 - 6480 = 720

% profit = (720/6000)*100 = 12%

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A package tour operator allows 25% discount on his advertised price and then makes a profit of

20%. What is the advertised price on which

he gains Rs.60?

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Profit = 60Net price = 1.2 (C.P) 1.2 C.P - C.P = 60 0.2 C.P = 60 C.P =

300 and Net price = 360.List price * (0.75) = Net price

List price =Net.price/0.75 =360/0.75 = 480

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The CP of each of 1000 articles is Rs.0.85. Only

700 articles may be sold. Fix the SP of these 700 articles so that there is a

profit of 40% on total cost. What is profit on the CP?

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CP of 1000 articles = Rs.850SP = 1.4*CP = 1190.

As only 700 articles can be sold, you have to get Rs.1190

SP = 1190/700= Rs1.70.Therefore, profit = Rs 0.85 and

% profit = 0.85/0.85 *100 = 100%

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A calculates % profit on CP and R at the SP. Find the difference between

their profits if both of them claim to make 20% on goods sold @ Rs.1500

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Case I: C.P(1.2) = 1500. C.P = 1250 Profit = 1500 - 1250 = Rs250

Case II: Profit = 0.2 (S.P) = 0.2 * 1500 = Rs300

The difference in profit made by each of the tradesmen = Rs 50

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A estimates that on inspection 20% of the

articles A produces will be rejected. A takes an order to supply 20,000 articles

at Rs.7.5 per item.

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A estimates the profit on the outlay to be 20% after providing for the rejects.

Find the cost of manufacture per article.

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SP for 20,000 items = 150,000No of items to be produced so that after 20% rejection A still has 20,000 items = 25,000

If A makes 20% profit, then CP = 150000/1.2 = 125,000

Cost/item = 125000/25000 = Rs.5

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A sold computers @ profit of 6% . Had A made a loss

of 5% instead, A would have sold it for Rs 3850 less. What was the CP and SP in each of the

cases?

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CP (1.06) = SP1

CP (0.95) = SP2

SP1 - SP2 = 3850 CP (1.06 - 0.95) = 3850

C.P = 35,000and SP1 = 1.06 * 35,000 =

37,100 and SP2 = 0.95 * 35,000 = 33,250

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It was discovered that the yard stick used by a cloth merchant who claimed to

sell at cost price measured only 33 inches.

What was the % profit?

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the yard stick used = 33 inches,he was measuring 33/36

th = 11/12th

of a yard.if his cost was Re 1 and he sold

at Re 1, his CP was only Rs 11/12 and profit was Rs 1/12

his % profit = (1/12) / (11/12) = 1/11 = 9 1/11%

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A offers 25% discount on the marked price. B offers 20% and a further discount of 5% on that price. As a buyer whom should I buy from?

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A: If the marked price = 100 then price to the buyer = 75.B: If the marked price = 100,

then the net price = 0.8 * 0.95 * 100 = 76.

I should buy from A.