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ProgrammaticNew Source Review
November 2, 2005
Malcolm C. WeissJeffer, Mangels, Butler & Marmaro LLP
1900 Avenue of the StarsLos Angeles, CA 80067
(310) [email protected]
3748292
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Responsible Agencies Federal – U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency (implements CAA, sets goals, national policies and regulatory framework)
State – California Air Resources Board (mobile sources, coordinate with local/federal agencies, state standards, SIP)
Local – Air Quality Management Districts (SCAQMD) (stationary sources, permitting, prohibitory rules, compliance, AQMP, MR&R)
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Clean Air Laws Overview 1970 – Fed. Clean Air Act Adopted 1977 – Major Amendment to CAA 1988 – California CAA 1990 – Major New Amendments
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1970 Clean Air Act
First major federal air legislation
U.S. EPA created (ARB created in 1967)
Earth Day - April 22, 1970
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1970 Clean Air Act (cont.)
Authority delegated to states Establishes National Ambient Air Quality
Standards (NAAQS) State Implementation Plans required Begins national permit programs New Source Review (NSR) States to meet NAAQS by 1975
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1977 CAA Amendments
Gives states more time to meet NAAQS
Expands NSR Applicable to new sources Major modifications at existing
facilities Review of NAAQS by 1980 Attainment and Nonattainment areas
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1977 CAA Amendments (cont.)
Basic Applicable Requirements Prevention of Significant Deterioration of
Air Quality (Part C) (“PSD”) Plan Requirements for Nonattainment areas
(Part D) (“NSR”)
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1990 CAA Amendments Overview
Title I - Attain and maintain NAAQS Title II - Mobile sources Title III - Hazardous air pollutants Title IV - Control acid rain Title V - National uniform permit system Title VI - Stratospheric ozone protection Title VII - Enforcement
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1990 CAA Amendments Classifies ozone nonattainment
areas – marginal, moderate, serious, severe, and extreme
Classifications trigger stringency of requirements
Extends attainment dates for extreme areas
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CaliforniaThen and Now
1970 California's
population is 20 million
More than 12 million vehicles
VMT is 110 billion miles
2000 California's
population is 34 million
More than 23 million vehicles
VMT is 280 billion miles
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Motor Vehicle Impacts
Up to 50% of NOx and VOC (smog) > 50% of hazardous air pollutants 90% CO in urban areas
0102030405060708090
NOx HAP CO
Mobile Sources
Stationary Sources
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Air Quality Management Plan SCAQMD
Air Quality Analysis Overall Planning Stationary Sources
SCAG Transportation Growth Management Land Use
ARB Mobile sources Vehicle standards/ fuel Consumer products
Strategies All known control
technologies Technology forcing and
incentives Major technology
breakthroughs
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Part D of Title I: Federal NSR
Permits required to construct new or modified major stationary sources
NSR and the permitting process are linked
Expanded opportunity for public comments
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Federal NSR (cont.)
New Sources - NSR is triggered only if the emissions make it a major source
Existing Sources - NSR is triggered if the modification significantly increases emissions
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Federal NSR (cont.)
Permits to Construct/Operate require that major stationary sources: Install equipment to meet the Lowest Achievable
Emission Rate (LAER) Obtain offsets (ratios) Demonstrate that all major sources under common
ownership/control comply
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NSR Reform Reform was urged because of the growing
indication that current regulations hinder, rather than promote improvements in air quality
SCAQMD has filed a lawsuit contesting the reforms
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NSR Reform Routine Equipment Replacement Rule (10/27/03).
Equipment replacement is excluded from NSR if: It replaces an existing process unit; with functionally equivalent components; the cost of the replaced is < 20% of the
replacement value of the entire process unit; the basic design of the equipment does not
change; and emissions limits not exceeded.
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ProgrammaticNew Source Review
November 2, 2005
Malcolm C. WeissJeffer, Mangels, Butler & Marmaro LLP
1900 Avenue of the StarsLos Angeles, CA 80067
(310) [email protected]
3748292
