PROGRAMME OF ACTIVITIES DESIGN DOCUMENT (PoA...

UNFCCC/CCNUCC

CDM – Executive Board Page 1

PROGRAMME DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM FOR

SMALL-SCALE CDM PROGRAMMES OF ACTIVITIES (F-CDM-SSC-PoA-DD)

Version 02.0

PROGRAMME OF ACTIVITIES DESIGN DOCUMENT (PoA-DD)

PART I. Programme of activities (PoA)

SECTION A. General description of PoA

A.1. Title of the PoA >> TATS Solar Lantern Programme of Activities Version 01 19/03/2012 A.2. Purpose and general description of the PoA

>> 1. General operating and implementing framework of PoA

The Programme of Activities (PoA) will consist of a series of projects (SSC-CPAs) implemented collaboratively between Total Access to Solar (TATS) and TOTAL’s affiliates as well as other local institutions (microfinance institutions) and young entrepreneurs networks worldwide. This range of implementation partners will be used wherever TATS and TOTAL have a network of existing affiliates (hereafter referred as “the countries”). TATS will act as the Coordinating/Managing Entity (CME) for the PoA, and will provide an open platform for different solar lighting technology suppliers and service providers to participate in the PoA. The CME will work with participating organisations to design and implement a technology and financing solution to allow for the low-cost uptake of high quality solar lanterns for households and/or businesses. Each CPA will use several distribution mechanisms including TOTAL Affiliates, service stations, entrepreneurs’ networks, local NGO’s and microfinance institutions. A basic structure of the operation of each CPA within the PoA can be found below:

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


The PoA will comprise activities that replace portable fossil fuel based lamps (e.g. wick-based kerosene lanterns) with battery-charged LED or CFL based lighting systems in residential and/or non-residential applications (e.g. ambient lights, task lights, portable lights). Project Lamps will be charged using one of the following options:

• Charged by a renewable energy system included as part of the Project Lamp (e.g. a photovoltaic system or mechanical system such as a hand crank charger);

• Charged by a standalone distributed generation system (e.g. a diesel generator set) or a mini-grid, i.e. that is not connected to a national or regional grid;

• Charged by a grid that is connected to regional/national grid. Because of the higher price of solar lanterns, consumer uncertainty regarding the durability and functionality of new technology, households consistently opt to use cheaper but more inefficient lighting options such as kerosene fuelled lamps. The PoA will provide a consolidated source of information, technology, services, and carbon finance for the deployment of solar lanterns in developing countries.

2. Policy/measure or stated goal of the PoA

The PoA has the objective of scaling up the deployment of solar lanterns to targeted households across the countries. This programme will provide technology and financing solutions to households to encourage the uptake of solar lanterns to replace current fossil fuel based lamps. Equally, the PoA contributes to TATS Mission of: • Providing access to lighting to people without access to reliable and efficient sources of energy • Focusing first on low-income populations • Contributing to the economic development of local communities Sustainable Development According to Lighting Africa, 1.6 billion people don’t have access to electricity worldwide. In the case of Africa, research suggests that of the approximately 110-million off-grid households, more than half employ kerosene lamps as their primary light source1.

The social and economic impact of providing clean, safe lighting has been well documented. The information below does only summarize the main positive socio-economic outcomes2:

I. Contribution to national economic development

1) The PoA will contribute significantly to participating countries national economic development through facilitating a widespread access to sustainable energy services in the form of improved lighting. Improved access to sustainable energy services is a necessity in creating income and employment generating activities3 furthermore several studies4 in developing countries show that access to proper lighting has significant positive impacts on productivity broadly and income-generating activities specifically.

1 Solar Lighting for the Base of the Pyramid, Lighting Africa, 2010, p 43 2 Lighting Africa, op.cit. , p 14. 3 MDG’s 2006, Need Assessment Report_Energy sector, chap 2 , p3. 4 Productive Uses of Energy For rural Development, R. Anil Cabraal, Douglas F. Barnes,and Sachin G. Agarwa, Annu. Rev. Environ. Resour. 2005

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


More broadly, there is an established positive correlation between the quality of the lighting in commercial enterprises and retail sales5. Therefore the move from kerosene to LED-based lighting that improves the quality of illumination may boosts sales since customers pay more attention to the display and engage in purchase-orientated behaviors more often.

It is therefore expected that the introduction of high-quality off-grid solar lighting product will support the development of economic activities particularly on small-scale industries in rural areas.

2) It is expected that the PoA will deliver significant economic benefits associated with the reduction of the use of fossil fuel for lighting. In the case of African countries it is estimated that households and small businesses spend over $10.5 billion annually on off-grid lighting (excluding solar lighting). Due to population growth and other demographic trends, these values are due to significantly increase within the next few years6. Kerosene is the dominant energy source for the off-grid lighting applications of most Africans yet kerosene is an expensive oil import for most of the region. The increased penetration of off-grid solar lighting will free-up a significant portion of the households budget to be re-directed towards others goods and services while also reducing foreign currency problems thus supporting the country’s economic growth. 3) The implementation of the PoA will generate local employment. The project distribution mechanism relies partly on the establishment of a network of mobile sales, which will be ran by young social entrepreneurs as well as the synergies created with local affiliates (petrol stations) and other organisations involved in the sale of the solar lanterns.

II. Contribution to social development.

As stated above approximately 110-million households across Africa do not use electricity as a main type of lighting fuel. Fuel-based lighting systems are expensive, inefficient, hazardous, and pollutes the environment. Kerosene lamps are the most common type of fuel-based lighting in Africa. Proper lighting is a basic need, the absence of which hinders social and economic development. Improved lighting provides significant socio-economic, health and environmental benefits. The TATS solar lantern project will help to:

o Promote education by expanding time for studying; o Improve health and safety by reducing indoor air pollution and fire hazard associated with

flammable fuels7; o Generate savings on the energy spending; o Improve lighting output.

III. MDG’s goal

The project is helping to contribute to the Millennium Development Goals by reducing poverty and enhancing the quality of life. MDG 1: Improved lighting reduces poverty and hunger by increasing the productive time that people have to work and by reducing the money spent on effective lighting.

5 Display & Design Ideas, March 2, 2003, page 82 6 Lighting Africa, op.cit. , p 50 7 Characterization of particulate matter size distributions and indoor concentrations from kerosene and diesel lamps, J. Apple, R. Vicente,A. Yarberry, N. Lohse, E. Mills, A. Jacobson, D. Poppendieck, Indoor Air 2010.

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


MDG 2: Improved lighting boosts education opportunities by allowing children to study at night and by making it safe for people to attend classes. MDGs 3–5: Solar lighting reduces lighting-associated dangers, which particularly affect women and children in the household. Safe lighting is also essential for safer births after dark and reduces damage to infants’ delicate lungs from smoke particles. MDG 7: Solar lighting facilitate the access of clean energy solution amongst population that are not connected to the grid and would otherwise rely on polluting source of energy for lighting.

IV. Contribution to the environment.

The distribution of off-grid solar lantern worldwide will reduce the consumption of fossil fuel based lighting and hence reduce the harmful gases and particulate matter produced during the burning of fossil fuels to produce light.

Beyond CO2 emissions, another source of negative environmental impact from traditional lighting is the large volume of toxic solid battery waste generated annually from the extensive use of incandescent-based flashlights. The vast majority of dry-cell batteries sold annually in most developing countries for lighting purposes are inappropriately disposed and leading to water source contamination and other downstream problems. The usage of more efficient lighting products should contribute to reduced levels of battery usage and the abatement of related environmental issues.

3. Confirmation that the proposed PoA is a voluntary action by the coordinating/managing

entity. The PoA is a voluntary action initiated by the CME. There are no laws mandating the replacement of fossil fuel based lighting with battery-charged LED or CFL based lighting systems such as solar lantern in developing countries where the PoA will be implemented. All households and businesses participating in SSC-CPAs under the PoA will do so through a voluntary collaboration with the CME. A.3. CMEs and participants of PoA

>> a) Identity of the CME of the proposed PoA, as the entity which communicates with the Board

The CME of the PoA will be the France base entity Total Access to Solar (TATS)

b) Project Participants to the PoA (project participants may or may not be involved in one of the components project activities (CPAs) related to the PoA.

The Project Participants to the PoA will be Total Access to Solar (TATS), Total, and Total Kenya Limited

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


A.4. Party(ies)

Name of Party involved (host)

indicates a host Party

Private and/or public

entity(ies) project participants

(as applicable)

Indicate if the Party involved

wishes to be considered as

project participant (Yes/No)

Republic of Kenya (host)

Total Kenya Limited No

United Kingdom Total Gas and Power Limited No

France Total Access To Solar (Coordinating Entity)

No

A.5. Physical/ Geographical boundary of the PoA >> >> Definition of the boundary for the PoA in terms of a geographical area (e.g., municipality, region within a country, country or several countries) within which all small-scale CDM programme activities (SSC-CPAs) included in the PoA will be implemented, taking into consideration the requirement that all applicable national and/or sectoral policies and regulations of each host country within that chosen boundary; The PoA will have worldwide reach across countries in Africa, Asia and Middle East where fossil fuel is used as the baseline fuel for lighting; however Africa will be the first region where CPAs will be implemented. The PoA will commence distributing of solar lanterns across all municipalities, regions and provinces within the Republic of Kenya. The CME will ensure that all the relevant requirements and regulations for the sale of solar lanterns with the technical characteristics described in this PoA are met at the time of CPA documentation.

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


Figure 1. Geographical boundary of the PoA – Kenya.

A.6. Technologies/measures

A range of solar off-grid lighting technologies will be provided to individual purchasers participating in the PoA. The project comprises activities that replace portable fossil fuel based lamps (e.g. wick-based kerosene lanterns) with battery-charged LED or CFL based lighting systems in residential and/or non-residential applications (e.g. ambient lights, task lights, portable lights). The technology employed in the project activity shall satisfy the following minimum conditions:

• Lantern charged by a renewable energy system included as part of the project lamp (i.e. photovoltaic system or mechanical system such as a hand crank)

• A minimum of 5,000 hours average life certified by the manufacturer where the initial light output will decline by no more than 30%

• A battery charging circuit efficiency, at the time of purchase, of at least 50%

• Warranty of a minimum of one year covering free replacement or repair of any failed lamp, battery and where applicable solar panel.

• Light output of 20 lumens or luminance of 25 lux over an area >= 0.1 m2 when suspended at a distance of 0.75 meters

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


• Daily Burn Time equal or greater than 3.5 hours

• Autonomous Time shall be equal or greater than 150% of the DBT

• Solar Run Time in each month shall be greater than or equal to the DBT The project design document of each CPA will also include the following specifications: (a) Lamp wattage (in Watts) and luminous flux output (in lumens); (b) Rated lamp life (in hours); (c) Where applicable, the type and rated capacity of the renewable energy equipment used for battery-charging (in Watts); (d) Type (e.g. NiMH, Lead-Acid, Li-ion), and rated capacity of the batteries (in Ampere Hours); (e) Type of charge controller (e.g. active or passive); (f) Autonomous Time and Daily Burn Time; (g) Solar Run Times(s) (SRT) for products with solar energy charging systems. If regional solar data are available, the maximum, minimum and average estimated SRT values for each month of a typical year shall be provided. If regional solar data are not available the standard solar day (5 kWh/m2) shall be used to estimate SRT; (h) Where applicable, the amount of time to fully charge the product using mechanical means or a centralized charging system (e.g. the national grid); (i) Physical protection against environmental factors (e.g. rain, heat, insect ingress). The following Technical Specifications Table (Table 1) will be documented for each CPA.

No. Concept Definition

Minimum Methodological

Requirements

1 Rated lamp life

(in hours)

Rated average life is the life certified by the manufacturer or responsible vendor as being the time at which the lamps initial light output will decline by no more than 30%

For Option 1: 5,000 hours For Option 2: 10,000 hours

2 Lantern

charging system

(a) Charged by a renewable energy system included as part of the Project Lamp (e.g. a photovoltaic system or mechanical system such as a hand crank charger); (b) Charged by a standalone distributed generation system (e.g. a diesel generator set) or a mini-grid, i.e. that is not connected to a national or regional grid; (c) Charged by a grid that is connected to regional/national grid.

For TATS Program option (a) will be used unless otherwise indicated by TATS

3 Battery charging

circuit efficiency

In percentage of efficiency ≥ 50% Certified by the manufacturer at the time of purchase

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


4 Warranty In years A minimum of one year covering free replacement or repair of any failed lamp, battery and where applicable solar panel.

5 Light output In lumens 20 lumens or luminance of 25 lux over an area ≤ 0.1 m2 when suspended at a distance of 0.75 meters. The light output over a 2,000 hour lumen maintenance test should not decline by more than 20% for Option 1 or 15% for Option 2

6 Daily Burn Time

(DBT)

Total number of hours per day that the lighting system must provide light that is bright enough to satisfy the light output requirements. DBT is expressed in hours.

≥ 3.5 hours

7 Battery Capacity

- Autonomous

Time

In Percentage of DBT Autonomous Time ≥ 150% of the DBT.

8 Solar Run Time Operational time (in hours) in a mode that is bright enough to satisfy the light output requirements from a day of solar charging under standard solar day conditions.

Each month ≥ DBT.

9 Physical

protection

against

environmental

factors

With regard to physical ingress and water protection, the Project Lamps shall achieve a minimum level of protection, based on the type of lamp, in accordance with IEC 60529, or an equivalent national standard, or the approved norms indicated at the end of this table.

For Option 1: n/a For Option 2: For lamps with integrated solar modules or solar modules with a cable length less than three meters, the Ingress Protection (IP) class of the lamp shall be 43 or greater.

10 Lamp wattage In Watts n.a

11 Type and rated

capacity of the

renewable

energy

equipment used

for battery-

charging

In Watts n.a.

12 Type and rated

capacity of the

batteries

Type (e.g. NiMH, Lead-Acid, Li-ion) and rated capacity (in Ampere Hours)

n.a.

13 Type of charge

controller

Active or Passive n.a.

A.7. Public funding of PoA

>> No public funding will be used for the PoA.

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


SECTION B. Demonstration of additionality and development of eligibility criteria

B.1. Demonstration of additionality for PoA

>>The PoA is a voluntary coordinated action initiated by the CME. All households participating in SSC-CPAs under the PoA will do so voluntarily. By using revenues from the sale of CERs, the PoA aims to overcome the barriers to the uptake of solar lanterns in the countries targeted by the PoA for which fossil fuel based lighting is a common practice given the low level of electrification. In East Africa, for example, the electrification rate is 15% and only reaches 18% in Central Africa. Overall it is estimated that about 110 million households do not have access to electricity across Africa8. It is expected by the CME that the each and every Programme Activity within the PoA will generate up to 20 ktCO2e per annum. Therefore, the PoA uses the “Guidelines for Demonstrating Additionality of

Microscale Project Activities (Version 03)”. Type III project activities than aim to achieve emission reduction at a scale of no more than 20 ktCO2e

per year area additional if any one of the following conditions is satisfied:

(a) The geographic location of the project activity is in LDCs/SIDs or in a special underdeveloped

zone of the host country identified by the Government before 28 May 2010;

(b) The project activity is an emission reduction activity with both conditions (i) and (ii) satisfied (see

below);

(i) Each of the independent subsystem/measure in the project activity achieves an estimated

annual emission reduction equal to or less than 600 tCO2e per year; and

(ii) End users of the subsystem or measure are households/communities/SMEs.

As mentioned in sections A.4.2, the PoA will use the approved methodology AMS III.AR Substituting

fossil fuel based lighting with LED/CFL lighting systems. Paragraph 13 – Baseline Emissions – provides a default annual baseline emissions factor for the Project Lamps of 0.08 tCO2e. Although the variables that define this value can be modified or revised, it is clear that 0.08 tCO2e is well below the figure of 600 tCO2e per annum required by the additionality guideline. Equally, the PoA will distribute solar lanterns to household and businesses that currently use kerosene fuel lanterns to satisfy their lighting needs. The distribution model across the participating countries will rely on a variety of distribution channels such as local organisations, microfinance institutions, non-governmental organisations and young resellers networks. By meeting this basic condition, the PoA satisfies the requirement (b) and is therefore automatically additional. Other conditions mentioned in the “Guidelines for Demonstrating Additionality of Microscale

Project Activities (Version 03)” may be satisfied on CPA-by-CPA basis and this may be documented in the CPA-DD.

In addition, the Project Proponent has identified the following baseline scenarios to the proposed PoA:

Number & name of scenario Description

8 Lighting Africa, op.cit. , p 45

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


1. Business-as-usual Continued use of fossil fuel based lighting by African households as a main alternative to electrified lighting.

2. Autonomous replacement The proposed activity is undertaken without being registered as a CDM project activity. Under this scenario householders chose to

replace their existing lighting systems with new battery-charged LED or CFL based lighting systems such as solar lantern on a scale comparable to that envisaged by the proposed PoA.

3. Mandatory replacement Laws stipulating the replacement of fossil fuel based lighting with

battery-charged LED or CFL based lighting systems such as

solar lantern.

4. Alternative incentives The introduction of alternative fossil fuel based lighting regulations or policies, that create an incentive in the absence of the CDM to

substitute fossil fuel based lighting with battery-charged LED or CFL based lighting. Such incentives would need to cause the

uptake battery-charged LED or CFL based lighting technologies on a scale comparable to that envisaged by the proposed PoA.

In this section, the Project Proponent will discuss whether there are identified alternative scenarios that are consistent with current mandatory laws and regulations.

Number & name of

scenario

Consistent with

mandatory laws?

Comment

1. Business-as-usual Yes There are no laws or regulations preventing the continued use of fossil fuel based lighting by African households as a main alternative to electrified lighting.

2. Autonomous replacement Yes There are no laws preventing the take-up of new

battery-charged LED or CFL based lighting systems such as solar lantern.

3. Mandatory replacement No This alternative is not applicable because there are currently no mandatory regulations in Africa requiring replacement of of fossil fuel based lighting

with battery-charged LED or CFL based lighting systems such as solar lantern.

4. Alternative incentives No There are currently no nationally regulated alternative incentives to the CDM to facilitate wide

scale adoption of battery-charged LED or CFL

based lighting systems such as solar lantern.

Based on the above analysis there are two realistic alternative scenarios to the proposed activity – either 1. The continuation of business-as-usual or, 2. The autonomous replacement by householders of their

existing fossil fuel based lighting systems with new battery-charged LED or CFL based lighting systems on a scale comparable to that envisaged by the proposed PoA.

As per this analysis, the take-up of battery-charged LED or CFL based lighting systems such as solar lantern by households faces barriers such that the ‘business-as-usual’ scenario, or continued use of continued use of fossil fuel based lighting by African households as a main alternative to electrified lighting, is the most likely baseline scenario for African households. This baseline scenario is considered

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


to be applicable for all SSC-CPAs under the PoA that are undertaken in any East or Central African country. Without the proposed CDM PoA, it is unlikely that there will be an autonomously generated substitution of the use of fossil fuel based lighting as a main alternative to electrified lighting in African households. The baseline and monitoring methodology AMS III.AR ver.2 Substituting Fossil Fuel Based Lighting with LED Lighting System define the baseline scenario as the use of lamps that directly consume fossil fuel. As previously mentioned extensive research by Lighting Africa shows that fossil fuel lighting is the main alternative lighting source for the 110 millions households without access to electricity across Africa. Furthermore Lighting Africa research conducted across several African countries reveal that more than one third of the grid-connected population across the surveyed countries is under-electrified at essential times. Extrapolating this proportion of under-electrified households to all of Africa lead the authors to the conservative estimate that over 100 million Africans with grid connectivity are in need of additional lighting services9. According to those numbers about 130 millions households across Africa (over 70%) are using fossil fuel as their primary or secondary source of lighting with socio-economic and demographic factors pointing towards higher numbers in the next few years.

B.2. Eligibility criteria for inclusion of a CPA in the PoA

>> The eligibility criteria for the PoA have been determined using the latest procedure set out by the Executive Board at EB63 – Standard for the development of eligibility criteria for the inclusion of a project activity as a CPA under the PoA (version 01.0).

No. Eligibility Criteria Status 1 Does the SSC-CPA involve the sale of solar lanterns to households to replace kerosene

lanterns in the countries mentioned in the PoA-DD? Yes / No

2 Does the SSC-CPA comply with the established procedures for avoiding double

counting set out in the PoA-DD and CPA-DD (generic)?

− Unambiguous identification of solar lanterns participating in the CPA within the database management system; and

− Data collection from participating households as to assign the rights to claim CERs for the project activity.

Yes / No

3 Does the technology employed in the project activity satisfy the following conditions?

− Lantern charged by a renewable energy system included as part of the project lamp (i.e. photovoltaic system or mechanical system such as a hand crank)

− A minimum of 5,000 hours average life certified by the manufacturer where the initial light output will decline by no more than 30%

− A battery charging circuit efficiency, at the time of purchase, of at least 50%

− Warranty of a minimum of one year covering free replacement or repair of any failed lamp, battery and where applicable solar panel.

− Light output of 20 lumens or luminance of 25 lux over an area >= 0.1 m2 when suspended at a distance of 0.75 meters

− Daily Burn Time equal or greater than 3.5 hours

− Autonomous Time shall be equal or greater than 150% of the DBT

Yes / No

9 Lighting Africa, op.cit. , p 45

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


− Solar Run Time in each month shall be greater than or equal to the DBT

− Lamps shall be marked for clear, unique identification 4 Has the start date of the SSC-CPA been confirmed through the provision of a

document with regards to the date on which sales of solar lanterns commences, supported by the date of sale entries in the Data Management System?

Yes / No

5 Will the SSC-CPA implement the emission reduction threshold, baseline and monitoring requirements of AMS.III.AR Substituting fossil fuel bases lighting with

LED/CFL lighting systems?

Yes / No

6. The SSC-CPA is additional if its annual emission reductions are up to 20 ktCO2e per year and it responds positively to any of the following questions:

− Is the geographic location of the project activity in LDCs/SIDs or in a special underdeveloped zone of the host country identified by the Government before 28 May 2010?

− Is the project activity is an emission reduction project with both conditions (i) and (ii) satisfied (see below)?

o (i) Each of the independent subsystem/measure in the project activity is smaller than or equal 600 tCO2e per year; and

o (ii) End users of the subsystem or measure are households/communities/SMEs.

Yes / No

7. Has the SSC-CPA satisfied all requirements stipulated by the CME with regards to local stakeholders consultations and environmental impact analysis?

Yes / No

8. Has the SSC-CPA satisfied all requirements stipulated by the CME with regards to distribution mechanisms and target groups by distributing solar lanterns where kerosene fuel has been identified as the primary fuel source for lighting?

Yes / No

9. Are the contact details of the households participating into the SSC-CPA recorded in a data management system for future selection to participate in Ex-Post Monitoring surveys if required, according with the approved guidelines/standard from the Board pertaining to sampling and surveys?

Yes / No

10. Does the SSC-CPA meet the threshold criteria as per the “Guidelines for demonstrating additionality of microscale project activities (Version 03) because it generates up to 20 ktCO2e annually?

Yes / No

11. Does the SSC-CPA satisfies de-bundling rules for PoA, and is not a de-bundled component of a large-scale CPA or CDM project because each solar lantern included in the CPA is no larger than 1% of the small-scale thresholds (i.e. each solar lantern generates less than 600 tCO2e annually)?

Yes / No

12. Does the CME confirm that any funding from an Annex I party involved in the implementation of the SSC-CPA does not result in a diversion of official development assistance for the purchase of CERs, and is separate from and is not counted towards the financial obligations of those Parties?

Yes / No

Note that this list is not prescriptive and SSC-CPAs may chose to undertake a different series of operational steps as long as it is approved by the coordinating entity and complies with the general requirements of the PoA and selected methodology. B.3. Application of methodologies

>>The PoA comprises activities that replace portable fossil fuel based lamps (e.g. wick-based kerosene lanterns) with battery-charged LED or CFL based lighting systems in residential and/or non-residential applications (e.g. ambient lights, task lights, portable lights). See section A.6 for further details.

The methodology chosen for the PoA is AMS.III.AR. Substituting fossil fuel based lighting with

LED/CFL lighting systems – Version 02.

Note that the Executive Board has approved the methodology for use in a PoA.

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


Sampling Plan.

The CME will ensure that the following survey principles are followed in the case that Monitoring Option 2 from AMS.III.R methodology is selected and Ex Post Monitoring Surveys are required:

a) The sampling size is determined by minimum 90% confidence interval and the 10% maximum error margin; the size of the sample shall be no less than 100;

b) Sampling must be statistically robust and relevant, i.e. the survey has a random distribution and is representative of the target population (size, location);

c) The method to select respondents for interviews is random; d) The survey is conducted by site visits; e) Only persons over age 12 are interviewed; f) The PDD must contain the design details of the survey.

As per incise (f), the CME will apply the following Sampling Plan for the PoA:

a. Sampling Objective

The sampling objective is to establish a reliable estimate of the percentage of Project Lamps distributed to end users that are operating and in service in year y, for each lamp type i and charging method j Reliability Requirements

According to UNFCCC Standard for Sampling and Surveys for CDM Project Activities and Programme of Activities (version 02), section III, point 19, p. 3, the “Parameter values shall be estimated by

sampling in accordance with the requirements in the applied methodology separately and independently

for each of the CPAs included in a PoA except when a single sampling plan covering a group of CPAs is

undertaken applying 95/10 confidence/precision for the sample size calculation.”

For the present Programme of Activities representative samples for the Ex Post Monitoring surveys will be monitored at the PoA level therefore the required confidence/ precision criteria to be met is 95/10.

b. The target Population

The target population is the total project lamps distributed during the monitored period under consideration.

c. Sampling Frame

The sampling frame refers to all the information sources on the basis of which the project database is developed. During TATS project operation; databases were accumulating listing relevant information of the households Project lamps were distributed to. The sample frame is developed from these databases with the frame consisting of:

• Project Equipment including: Lamp Wattage, Battery Type, Charging Method, Date of sale, ID of distribution partner, Purchase or Replacement

• Household Data including: Name, phone number (if applicable), address (if applicable), ID number

These databases are representative and can be used for CDM purposes.

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


n =

Z 2 * CV 2

e2

d. Sample Method

The selected sampling method is a stratified multistage random sampling. The stratified approach was chosen because when sub-populations vary considerably, it is advantageous to group elements into relatively homogeneous subpopulations and sample each subpopulation independently. The multistage sampling method was chosen in order to limit the potential high cost of information gathering that could arise from using a simple random sampling method to measure a homogeneous but rather large and geographically dispersed population. The project lights lamps will be first be classified based on the Kenyan financial year of sale (“vintage year”) and a representative sample will be monitored. The “vintage years” are mutually exclusive and they are also collectively exhaustive: no population element is excluded. Within each vintage year a multistage sampling method will be applied in order to select a representative sample of minimum 100 project lamps. Once the vintage years have been defined, the approach chosen will consist of the following steps:

o Cluster the population by relevant geographical area and randomly select cluster(s).

o Random selection of a maximum of 100 households per vintage year within the last clusters

units selected.

The selected households may be within the geographical boundary of 1 or more CPAs.

o Data collection on all the project lamps in the selected household.

Given that the number of Project lamps to be sold to participating households can vary from 1 to 5, a minimum of 100 project lamps will be sampled within each vintage year, for every monitored period. This figure meet the 95/10 confidence/precision required in the Standard for Sampling and Surveys for CDM Project Activities and Programme of Activities (version 02), and also the AMS III.AR (version 2) requirements that “the size of the sample shall be no less

than 100”.

e. Desired Precision/Expected Variance and Sample Size

i. Desired precision

As prescribed by the methodology there are 95/10 (confidence/precision) requirements.

ii. Sample size

The minimum sample size will be estimated by using the following formula: (1) Where, n = Sample size Z= Z- value, 1.96 for 95% confidence e = Desired level of precision (i.e. 10%)

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


n =

1.962 * 0.52

0.12= 96

CV = Co-efficient Variation (initially taken as 0.50 to be more conservative) Therefore, for a confidence level of 95% with 10% precision, and a CV of 0.5, the estimate of required sample size for infinite population size will be: According to the methodology “the size of the sampling shall be no less than 100”. In this case, as mentioned above, the sampling design chosen by the project proponent ensure that the minimum sample size will be at least 100 project lamps for every vintage year. The result of this sampling will determine the proportion of the total number of devices still in service on the third operational year of project lamps, which will be applied to the calculation of emissions reductions for that period. Project lamps distributed under the Project Activity will be marked with a TATS logo (or equivalent) to ensure that they can be unambiguously differentiated from other similar lamps in the selected households. As discussed above, the results obtained from the sampling process will be directly extrapolated across the entire population of households participating in the Project Activity. Therefore, the proportion of Project Lamps distributed to end users that are operating and in service in year y as determined through the household ex post monitoring survey will be taken to be representative of the pattern occurring in all households within the monitored period.

f. Implementation

i. Implementation Schedule

The ex-post monitoring surveys will be performed as prescribed in the methodology on the third operational year of project lamps.

ii. Data collection and analysis

The CME will engage a local sampling expert, institution or university to perform the ex-post monitoring surveys, gather data and prepare final reports.

SECTION C. Management system >> SSC-CPAs will involve the interaction of several parties for the supply, logistics, distribution and finance of the solar lanterns. In all cases, TATS will consistently perform the role of central purchase entity, central database management and Coordinating Management Entity (CME) for CDM purposes.

1. Central Purchase Entity. TATS will ensure that all participating solar lanterns meet the minimum quality standards required as per the methodology AMS.III.AR Substituting fossil fuel based lighting with LED/CFL lighting systems (please refer to Table 1 in Section A.4.2.1). Also,

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


TATS will coordinate all the logistics and transportation requirements until distribution partners in each of the countries receive solar lanterns.

2. Central Database Management. TATS will manage the consolidation of information from participating households for ex-post monitoring requirements and to ensure that no double counting is taking place within each implemented CPA.

3. Coordinating Management Entity. As per the “Standard for the Demonstration of

Additionality, Development of Eligibility Criteria and Application of Multiple Methodologies for

Programme of Activities (V.01)” TATS will develop and implement a management system for CDM purposes including the following:

Management System

Requirement

Responsible Office Interaction with

1. Clear Definition of Roles and Responsibilities

TATS CDM Office Supply and Management Office Distribution, Implementation and Training Office

2. Training and capacity development

TATS CDM Office Supply and Management Office Distribution, Implementation and Training Office

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


3. Procedure for technical review of inclusion of CPAs

TATS CDM Office PoA & CPA Implementation

4. Procedures and systems to avoid double counting


5. Record and documentation control process


6. Measures for continuous improvement

TATS CDM Office Up to date with changes in regulations and modifications of UNFCCC related to the PoA and CPAs.

Clear definitions of roles and responsibilities of personnel involved in the process of inclusion of

CPAs The CME has a dedicated CDM office that will oversee the roles described in Section C of this PDD. TATS also has direct management of other key operational areas of the programme such as Supply Management and Distribution, Implementation and Training. The TATS CDM Office will be responsible for compliance with all the procedures related to CDM activities and preparation of CDM documentation. The interaction of the TATS CDM Office with other operational offices within the TATS structure can be seen in the diagram below:

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


In this structure, the TATS CDM Office is responsible and accountable for the review of all CDM related processes and documentations following the procedure for technical review of CPA inclusions described below. Following the same structure, TATS Management will approve any new inclusions of CPAs into the PoA. Records of arrangements for training and capacity development for personnel All individuals participating in the CME functions and/or CPA inclusion process will undertake appropriate training to understand the structure, functions and requirements of their roles and responsibilities within the CDM process. The TATS CDM Office will supervise such training and appoint appropriate individuals for each of the requested roles. Furthermore, the CDM Office will review on an ongoing basis the training manuals provided to distribution partners to ensure that key operational elements such as filling purchase forms, recording the sale data and explaining warranty and post sale services are properly documented. The CDM Office will also supervise that the data entry personnel is trained according to the manual for operating the purpose-built data management system. When required, the CME will engage specialised carbon consultants to review and support key steps in the PoA management such as CPA inclusions, CPA monitoring and support on verification and issuance processes. Procedure for technical review of inclusions of CPAS (i.e. review and approval of Eligibility

Criteria)

The CME will review the following sections as part of the technical review of inclusions of CPAs:

i. Eligibility Criteria Section ii. Environmental Impact Assessment Section

iii. Stakeholder Consultation Section iv. Emission Reduction Calculation Section v. Description of the Technology to be employed

vi. Record keeping procedures and data management Once the Eligibility Criteria (and other sections) has been reviewed and approved by the CME, a Letter of Authorisation will be issued for that CPA confirming that it meets all the requirements set in the Eligibility Criteria and that all acceptable information and documentation has been provided to support its inclusion. In case that a CPA cannot be included in the PoA the CME will provide a letter explaining the reasons or sections that failed to comply with the CDM requirements as documented in the PoA-DD and Generic CPA-DD. The CME will also analyse the specific characteristics of each CPA in order to determine the type of monitoring option for the generation of emission reductions and in case that sampling is required, the CME will engage the relevant third parties to undertake the monitoring survey as per the Monitoring Plan documented in this PoA-DD.

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


Procedure and systems to avoid double counting of emission reductions The CME will implement a system to avoid double counting of emission reductions to ensure that only one entity is able to claim the carbon credits associated with each project lamp. Firstly, the CME will ensure that all parties involved in the implementation of a SSC-CPA have agreed to assign CERs to this PoA. This will avoid the situation whereby lighting suppliers or users involved in SSC-CPA implementation claim the same emission reductions as CERs for another CDM project or PoA. The CME will establish appropriate legal agreements with the SSC-CPA implementers to ensure that the ownership and assignment of CERs in respect of the PoA is clear, and avoids the possibility of emission reductions being double counted.

In addition, and as per AMS.III.AR requirements, and eligibility criteria described in this PDD, all participating solar lamps will be marked for clear, unique identification. This may include the use of a logo (i.e. TATS or project logo) as well as a legend informing that the lamps belong to TATS CDM Programme of Activities.

Record and documentation control process for each CPA under the PoA

Each SSC-CPA will follow the record keeping and monitoring requirements stipulated in AMS.III.AR v2 and detailed in Section D.7 of the CPA-DD. In summary, the CME will ensure that for each SSC-CPA appropriate records will be kept documenting the following information:

− CPA Boundary: The geographical location of each SSC-CPA.

− Project Equipment including: Lamp Wattage, Battery Type, Charging Method, Date of sale, ID of distribution partner, Purchase or Replacement, Lamp Serial Number

− Household Data including: Name, phone number (if applicable), address.

− In case that Option 2 of the monitoring options provided in the AMS.III.AR v2 methodology is selected, the CME will coordinate ex post surveys to determine percentage of Project Lamps distributed to end users that are still in service during the third operational year of the project lamps.

− Relevant information and documentation to ensure the avoidance of double counting of emission reductions. This information includes:

� Purchase Forms with the legend that stipulates that the household/business buying the solar lantern cedes the rights to emission reductions to TATS

� Supplier contracts that clearly specify the ownership of any emission reductions associated with the purchased lanterns by TATS

− CDM Related Documentation � Letter of Authorization for CPA Inclusion � Stakeholder Consultation Reports and Minutes � Environmental Impact Assessment when and if required � CPA Design Documents

The CME will be responsible for the management of records and data associated with each SSC-CPA. Data will be stored in secure project databases for the duration of each SSC-CPA crediting period, plus two years. The information stored in the databases will be used as the basis of the production of monitoring reports used to quantify emission reductions and claim CERs. The basis for the information recorded in the data management system is the Purchase Forms filled, collected and

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


stored by the distribution partners. This information will be captured in a secure data management system as per diagram shown below:

Following this structure, TATS will ensure a vertical integration of quality control for minimum technical requirements of solar lanterns with selected suppliers as well as transparent and auditable data management systems to ensure the avoidance of double counting and allow for ex-post monitoring surveys or verifications when and if required.

Measures for continuous improvements of the PoA management system The CME will implement continuous monitoring and improvement processes in order to ensure full compliance with CDM processes and particular elements of the selected CDM methodology. These improvement processes will cover the initial areas of CME Operations described above:

• Central Purchase Entity – quality control on product

• Central Database Management – quality control on customer’s data

• Coordinating Management Entity – quality control on CDM processes and requirements The monitoring of these functions will be documented on annual basis as part of an internal CDM review process and shared with TATS Management Office.

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


Continuous improvement will be implemented by the CME through processes such internal audits, and continuous monitoring on changes or updates on UNFCCC procedures. These two elements will deliver a series of non-conformity, corrective and or preventive actions that will be applied to existing CPAs or used as planning for the inclusion and management of future CPAs. Furthermore, the data management system contains systems and procedures for quality assurance. These systems and procedures will be reviewed on a continuous basis to ensure that no double counting of emission reductions occurs within and across CPAs. The data management system equally supports the verification of distribution of solar lanterns to targeted households as well as providing key information on sales performance that will facilitate business planning with regards to in-country logistics and sales growth.

SECTION D. Duration of PoA

D.1. Start date of PoA >>01 August 2012 D.2. Length of the PoA >>28 Years

SECTION E. Environmental impacts

E.1. Level at which environmental analysis is undertaken >>Environmental Analysis will be performed at a PoA Level. Since the PoA will use the same type of technology applied in the same context across all CPAs (i.e. distribution of solar lanterns to households with fossil fuel lighting), it is not required that each CPA conducts its own environmental analysis and this is sufficient at the PoA level. E.2. Analysis of the environmental impacts >>The PoA involves the distribution of solar lanterns to households worldwide. Apart from the generation of battery waste, the project activity will not result in significant environmental impacts. In the case of Kenya, the Kenya Environmental Management and Co-ordination Act (EMCA) - Act No.8 of 1999 Regulations govern the general disposal of waste in Kenya. The Rules set out various responsibilities of a waste generator. These are set out in Regulations 4, 5 and 6 and include:

o The collection, segregation and disposal of waste in the manner provided for under the Regulations. For example disposal to be done in a designated waste receptacle; waste to be segregated by separating hazardous waste from non-hazardous waste and disposing of such wastes in a facility shall be provided by the relevant local authority.

o Minimizing the waste generated by adopting cleaner production methods, for example by

improving the production process, monitoring the product cycle from beginning to end and incorporating environmental concerns in the design and disposal of a product.

Furthermore, in 2010, the National Environment Management Authority in Kenya released the Guidelines for E-Waste management in Kenya. These guidelines have the objective of “providing a framework for the development of regulations and policies with the participation of key stakeholders in the sustainable management of e-waste in Kenya.” These Guidelines work in combination with the Waste Management Act 2006.

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


In order to reduce the potential negative impacts of battery waste and comply with the above-mentioned rules TATS will communicate to households the possibility and environmental benefits of returning failed solar lamps and its components to TATS Service stations (or other collection points). In addition, TATS may offer a financial incentive (i.e. discount in new products) to households as part of the disposal program. TATS will store the solar lamps in its local warehouses in order to i) send the failed solar lamps and components back to Europe for proper disposal or recycling or ii) work with an acceptable local partner for the responsible disposal or recycling of solar lanterns and its components. Furthermore, According to Section 58 (1) of the Kenya Environmental Management and Co-ordination

Act(EMCA) - Act No.8 of 1999, any undertaking specified in the Second Schedule to the Act requires the submission of an Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) prior to the financing, commencing, proceeding with, carrying out, executing or conducting of that undertaking. Schedule 2 of the Act sets out the following activities that have to undergo environmental impact assessment:

• General activities: an activity out of character with its surrounding; any structure of a scale not in keeping with its surrounding; or major changes in land use. • Specific activities: projects on urban development, transportation, dams, rivers and water resources, aerial spraying, mining, forestry related activities, agriculture, processing and manufacturing industries, electrical infrastructure ( i.e electricity generation stations; electrical transmission lines; electrical sub-stations; and pumped-storage schemes),management of hydrocarbons, the establishment of natural conservation areas, nuclear reactors, major developments in biotechnology and lastly waste disposal (e.g sites for solid and harzadous waste disposal).

The project proponent is not carrying out any of the above-mentioned activities and does not therefore require an EIA licence under Kenyan law. Although TATS will actively work on the responsible management of the potential waste generated by the PoA, there are no legally binding requirements in Kenya for conducting an environmental impact assessment for the sale of solar lanterns.

SECTION F. Local stakeholder comments

F.1. Solicitation of comments from local stakeholders

>>Local stakeholder consultation is done at SSC-CPA level A single stakeholder consultation process will be undertaken for each host country involved in the PoA. The results of each process will be documented in the CPA-DD for CPAs implemented in each of the host countries. F.2. Summary of comments received >>Not Applicable F.3. Report on consideration of comments received >>Not Applicable

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


SECTION G. Approval and authorization

>>Letters of Authorisation and Approval are not available on this Version of the PDD. These Letters will be available during the course of the Validation Process.

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


PART II. Generic component project activity (CPA)

SECTION A. General description of a generic CPA

A.1. Purpose and general description of generic CPAs >> The PoA will include activities that replace portable fossil fuel based lamps (e.g. wick-based kerosene lanterns) with battery-charged LED or CFL based lighting systems in residential and/or non-residential applications (e.g. ambient lights, task lights, portable lights). For a more detailed description of the profile of each CPA please read the eligibility criteria stipulated in Section A.4.2.2 of the PoA-DD. SSC-CPAs will involve the interaction of several parties for the supply, logistics, distribution and finance of the solar lanterns. In all cases, TATS will consistently perform the role of central purchase entity, central database management and Coordinating Management Entity (CME) for CDM purposes.

1. Central Purchase Entity. TATS will ensure that all participating solar lanterns meet the minimum quality standards required as per the methodology AMS.III.AR Substituting fossil fuel based lighting with LED/CFL lighting systems (please refer to Table 1 in Section A.4.2.1). Also, TATS will coordinate all the logistics and transportation requirements until distribution partners in each of the countries receive solar lanterns.

2. Central Database Management. TATS will manage the consolidation of information from participating households for ex-post monitoring requirements and to ensure that no double counting is taking place within each implemented CPA.

3. Coordinating Management Entity. TATS will develop and implement a management system for CDM purposes including the following:

� Clear definitions of roles and responsibilities of personnel involved in the process of inclusion of CPAs

� Records of arrangements for training and capacity development for personnel � Procedure for technical review of inclusions of CPAS (i.e. review and approval

of Eligibility Criteria) � Procedure and systems to avoid double counting of emission reductions � Record and documentation control process for each CPA under the PoA � Measures for continuous improvements of the PoA management system

Following this structure, TATS will ensure a vertical integration of quality control for minimum technical requirements of solar lanterns with selected suppliers as well as transparent and auditable data management systems to ensure the avoidance of double counting and allow for ex-post monitoring surveys or verifications when and if required. The table below summarises the range of operational activities of the PoA required to implement and manage each SSC-CPA. The coordinating entity has divided these operations into five broad categories and has defined the management responsibilities for each as detailed in the table below. Table 2: Operation and Management of the PoA.

Operational Area Management Responsibilities & Arrangements

Product Supply & Logistics − Ensure timely production and procurement of solar lanterns as per PoA technical specifications.

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


− Transport of equipment to the target countries and storage prior to distribution.

− Break bulk product supplied into specific areas where Project Activities will be implemented.

Product Distribution − TOTAL Affiliates and service stations in combination with network of young resellers and other distribution channels (i.e. MFIs, NGOs, etc) will be responsible for the sales of solar lanterns to targeted households

− TOTAL affiliates in each country will provide service on sorting, storing and re-stocking product when required by distribution partners.

Data Collection, management and Storage

− Distribution Partners will collect the following information from every solar lantern sold:

o Lamp Wattage o Battery Type o Charging Method o Date of sale o Identification of Distribution Partner (i.e. Service Station

Number) o Replacement or Purchase Equipment o Lamp Serial Number o Customer Contact Details (where provided)

� Name � Phone number � Address

− The CME will consolidate all the information, store it and use it to produce the relevant verification reports as well as controlling other tasks such as warranty and after sales services.

Quality Assurance − TATS will maintain a process to ensure the quality of the solar lanterns as well as the warranty conditions and re-stocking

− TATS will consolidate all the reporting and data management from distribution partners and will ensure the information is safe and auditable.

After Sales Services − The After Sales Service can be broadly divided into 3 categories: o Products within warranty terms. All products will have a

warranty of minimum one year. TATS will replace any product that is returned to a distributor partner within the first 12 months of the sale.

o Environmentally responsible disposal of solar lanterns. Regardless if the solar lanterns fall within or out the warranty terms, TATS will communicate to customers the possibility and environmental benefits of returning failed solar lamps and its components to TATS Service stations (or other collection points). In addition, TATS may offer a financial incentive (i.e. discount in new products) to customers as part of the disposal program. TATS will store the solar lamps in its local warehouses in order to i) send the failed solar lamps and components back to Europe for proper disposal or recycling or ii) work with an acceptable local partner for the responsible disposal or recycling of solar lanterns and its components.

o Products outside of warranty terms. For selected CPAs,

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


TATS will continue offering parts for solar lanterns (i.e. batteries, solar panels, etc.) that fall outside of the warranty term. TATS is constantly assessing options including partnering with suppliers for the procurement of such parts, importing components directly by TATS and/or supporting the development of locally based businesses for repairing and maintaining solar lanterns. Each CPA will document the selected approach for “after sales/after warranty” services in the case this is available in that specific geographical location.

These tasks can be summarised in the diagram below:

SECTION B. Application of a baseline and monitoring methodology

B.1. Reference of the approved baseline and monitoring methodology(ies) selected >>III.AR. Substituting fossil fuel based lighting with LED/CFL lighting systems – Version 02.

Note that the Executive Board has approved the methodology for use in a PoA. In addition, the PoA will utilise the following Tools and Guides:

• Guidelines For Demonstrating Additionality Of Microscale Project Activities (Version 03)

• “Standard for the Demonstration of Additionality, Development of Eligibility Criteria and

Application of Multiple Methodologies for Programme of Activities (V.01)”

• “Standard for sampling and surveys for CDM project activities and programme of activities”

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


B.2. Application of methodology(ies)

>> III.AR. Version 02 requirements

Qualification / Justification

This category comprises activities that replace portable fossil fuel based lamps (e.g. wick-based kerosene lanterns) with battery-charged LED or CFL based lighting systems in residential and/or non-residential applications (e.g. ambient lights, task lights, portable lights).

Section A.2 and B.1 of the PoA- DD contain a detailed description of proposed PoA and the project baseline.

This methodology is applicable only to Project Lamps whose batteries are charged using one of the following options: (a) Charged by a renewable energy system

included as part of the Project Lamp (e.g. a photovoltaic system or mechanical system such as a hand crank charger);

(b) Charged by a standalone distributed

generation system (e.g. a diesel generator set) or a mini-grid, i.e. that is not connected to a national or regional grid;

(c) Charged by a grid that is connected to

regional/national grid.

The project developer will demonstrate that all Project Lamps shall use one or more of the following options for recharging batteries: i) renewable energy systems ii) stand alone distributed generation systems iii) grid connected to the regional or national grid This will be documented in each CPA-DD as mentioned in A.6 of this PDD.

At a minimum Project Lamps shall be certified by their manufacturer to have a rated average life of at least: • 5,000 hours when Project Lamps are assumed to operate for two years after distribution to end-users (Option 1);

• 10,000 hours when Project Lamps are assumed to operate for up to seven years after distribution to end-users (Option 2).

The PDD of each SSC-CPA under the PoA provides in section A.6 a description table with the characteristic of the products used including all minimum requirements and other specifications described in the chosen methodology.

The manufacture shall certify that the LED lamps’ battery charging efficiency is at least 50% at the time of the customer’s purchase


Project Lamps shall meet or exceed the minimum performance characteristics, which should be proven by third-party test results (specifically light output, run time and battery capacity)


Project Lamps shall have a warranty of a minimum of one year. At a minimum, the warranty shall cover free replacement or repair of any failed lamps, batteries and where applicable solar panels.

All Project Lamps shall be sold with a one year warranty for full repair or full replacement

Ensure that the replaced baseline lamps are those Section A.2 and B.1 of the PoA- DD contain a

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


that directly consume fossil fuel. This can be done through documentation of the common practice of fuel usage for lighting in the project region (e.g. based on representative sample surveys, official data or peer reviewed literature.

detailed description of the project baseline.

Eliminate potential double counting of emission reductions that could occur, for example, if more than one entity (e.g. lamp manufacturers, suppliers of solar and/or battery equipment, etc.) claims credit for emission reductions for the Project Lamps. At a minimum, Project Lamps shall be marked as CDM Project Lamps.

As per Section Section A.6 and Section C the CME will implement the following systems to avoid double counting:



Ensure compliance with prevailing regulations pertaining to the use and disposal of batteries.

As described in Section E.2, The CME will discuss with local authorities of the countries where the PoA is implemented to ensure that environmental impact assessments are performed as per local regulations.

The project design document shall include the minimum requirements for the design specifications of Project Lamps


The project activity shall restrict the number of Project Lamps distributed through the project activity to no more than five per household or per business location (e.g. for commercial applications such as shops).

A maximum of five Project Lamps per household will be recognized as Project Lamps and eligible to generate emission reductions. This information will be recorded in the Data Management System.

If applicable, provide a description of the sampling plan and demonstrate how it meets applicable provisions in the “Standard for

sampling and surveys for CDM project activities

and programme of activities”.

For further details with regards to the Sampling Plan please refer to Section B.3 of the PoA_DD

B.3. Sources and GHGs >> The project boundary includes the is the physical, geographical location of each Project Lamps as well as the physical, geographical site of the renewable energy system; Source Gas Included? Justification

Baseline

Fossil fuel based lamps used by participants households

CO2 Yes Burning of kerosene for lighting purposes

CH4 No Not included as per AMS.III.AR.

N2O No Not included as per AMS.III.AR.

Project Activity

There are no project emissions if the Project Lamp charging mechanism utilized is Charged by a renewable energy

CO2 No Not included as per AMS.III.AR.

CH4 No Not included as per AMS.III.AR.

N2O No Not included as per AMS.III.AR.

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


system included as part of the Project Lamp.

B.4. Description of baseline scenario >>

The Project Proponent has identified the following baseline scenarios to the proposed PoA:

Number & name of scenario Description

1. Business-as-usual Continued use of fossil fuel based lighting by African households as a main alternative to electrified lighting.

2. Autonomous replacement The proposed activity is undertaken without being registered as a CDM project activity. Under this scenario householders chose to

replace their existing lighting systems with new battery-charged LED or CFL based lighting systems such as solar lantern on a

scale comparable to that envisaged by the proposed PoA.

3. Mandatory replacement Laws stipulating the replacement of fossil fuel based lighting with

battery-charged LED or CFL based lighting systems such as

solar lantern.

4. Alternative incentives The introduction of alternative fossil fuel based lighting regulations or policies, that create an incentive in the absence of the CDM to

substitute fossil fuel based lighting with battery-charged LED or CFL based lighting. Such incentives would need to cause the

uptake battery-charged LED or CFL based lighting technologies on a scale comparable to that envisaged by the proposed PoA.

In this section, the Project Proponent will discuss whether there are identified alternative scenarios that are consistent with current mandatory laws and regulations.

Number & name of

scenario

Consistent with

mandatory laws?

Comment

1. Business-as-usual Yes There are no laws or regulations preventing the continued use of fossil fuel based lighting by African households as a main alternative to electrified lighting.

2. Autonomous replacement Yes There are no laws preventing the take-up of new

battery-charged LED or CFL based lighting systems such as solar lantern.

3. Mandatory replacement No This alternative is not applicable because there are currently no mandatory regulations in Africa requiring replacement of of fossil fuel based lighting

with battery-charged LED or CFL based lighting systems such as solar lantern.

4. Alternative incentives No There are currently no nationally regulated alternative incentives to the CDM to facilitate wide

scale adoption of battery-charged LED or CFL

based lighting systems such as solar lantern.

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


Based on the above analysis there are two realistic alternative scenarios to the proposed activity – either 1. The continuation of business-as-usual or, 2. The autonomous replacement by householders of their

existing fossil fuel based lighting systems with new battery-charged LED or CFL based lighting systems on a scale comparable to that envisaged by the proposed PoA.

As per Lighting Africa Analysis10, the take-up of battery-charged LED or CFL based lighting systems such as solar lantern by households faces barriers such that the ‘business-as-usual’ scenario, or continued use of continued use of fossil fuel based lighting by African households as a main alternative to electrified lighting, is the most likely baseline scenario for African households. This baseline scenario is considered to be applicable for all SSC-CPAs under the PoA that are undertaken in any East or Central African country. Without the proposed CDM PoA, it is unlikely that there will be an autonomously generated substitution of the use of fossil fuel based lighting as a main alternative to electrified lighting in African households. Description of the identified baseline scenario The baseline and monitoring methodology AMS III.AR ver.2 Substituting Fossil Fuel Based Lighting with LED Lighting System define the baseline scenario as the use of lamps that directly consume fossil fuel. As previously mentioned, extensive research by Lighting Africa shows that fossil fuel lighting is the main alternative lighting source for the 110 millions households without access to electricity across Africa. Furthermore Lighting Africa research conducted across several African countries reveal that more than one third of the grid-connected population across the surveyed countries is under-electrified at essential times. Extrapolating this proportion of under-electrified households to all of Africa lead the authors to the conservative estimate that over 100 million Africans with grid connectivity are in need of additional lighting services11. According to those numbers about 130 millions households across Africa (over 70%) are using fossil fuel as their primary or secondary source of lighting with socio-economic and demographic factors pointing towards higher numbers in the next few years.

Electrification rate across Africa

B.5. Demonstration of eligibility for a generic CPA

>>

10 Lighting Africa (2008) Market Assessment Results. Quantitative Assessment-Kenya 11 Lighting Africa, op.cit. , p 45

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


The eligibility criteria for the PoA have been determined using the latest procedure set out by the Executive Board at EB63 – Standard for the development of eligibility criteria for the inclusion of a project activity as a CPA under the PoA (version 01.0).

No. Eligibility Criteria Status 1 Does the SSC-CPA involve the sale of solar lanterns to households to replace kerosene

lanterns in the countries mentioned in the PoA-DD? Yes / No

2 Does the SSC-CPA comply with the established procedures for avoiding double counting set out in the PoA-DD and CPA-DD (generic)?



Yes / No

3 Does the technology employed in the project activity satisfy the following conditions?

− Lantern charged by a renewable energy system included as part of the project lamp (i.e. photovoltaic system or mechanical system such as a hand crank)

− A minimum of 5,000 hours average life certified by the manufacturer where the initial light output will decline by no more than 30%

− A battery charging circuit efficiency, at the time of purchase, of at least 50%

− Warranty of a minimum of one year covering free replacement or repair of any failed lamp, battery and where applicable solar panel.

− Light output of 20 lumens or luminance of 25 lux over an area >= 0.1 m2 when suspended at a distance of 0.75 meters

− Daily Burn Time equal or greater than 3.5 hours

− Autonomous Time shall be equal or greater than 150% of the DBT

− Solar Run Time in each month shall be greater than or equal to the DBT

− Lamps shall be marked for clear, unique identification

Yes / No

4 Has the start date of the SSC-CPA been confirmed through the provision of a document with regards to the date on which sales of solar lanterns commences, supported by the date of sale entries in the Data Management System?

Yes / No

5 Will the SSC-CPA implement the emission reduction threshold, baseline and monitoring requirements of AMS.III.AR Substituting fossil fuel bases lighting with

LED/CFL lighting systems?

Yes / No

6. The SSC-CPA is additional if its annual emission reductions are up to 20 ktCO2e per year and it responds positively to any of the following questions:

− Is the geographic location of the project activity in LDCs/SIDs or in a special underdeveloped zone of the host country identified by the Government before 28 May 2010?

− Is the project activity is an emission reduction project with both conditions (i) and (ii) satisfied (see below)?

o (i) Each of the independent subsystem/measure in the project activity is smaller than or equal 600 tCO2e per year; and

o (ii) End users of the subsystem or measure are households/communities/SMEs.

Yes / No

7. Has the SSC-CPA satisfied all requirements stipulated by the CME with regards to local stakeholders consultations and environmental impact analysis?

Yes / No

8. Has the SSC-CPA satisfied all requirements stipulated by the CME with regards to sale mechanisms and target groups by distributing solar lanterns where kerosene fuel has been identified as the primary fuel source for lighting?

Yes / No

9. Are the contact details of the households participating into the SSC-CPA recorded in a data management system for future selection to participate in Ex-Post Monitoring

Yes / No

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


surveys if required, according with the approved guidelines/standard from the Board pertaining to sampling and surveys?

10. Does the SSC-CPA meet the threshold criteria as per the “Guidelines for demonstrating additionality of microscale project activities (Version 03) because it generates up to 20 ktCO2e annually?

Yes / No

11. Does the SSC-CPA satisfies de-bundling rules for PoA, and is not a de-bundled component of a large-scale CPA or CDM project because each solar lantern included in the CPA is no larger than 1% of the small-scale thresholds (i.e. each solar lantern generates less than 600 tCO2e annually)?

Yes / No

12. Does the CME confirm that any funding from an Annex I party involved in the implementation of the SSC-CPA does not result in a diversion of official development assistance for the purchase of CERs, and is separate from and is not counted towards the financial obligations of those Parties?

Yes / No

Note that this list is not prescriptive and SSC-CPAs may chose to undertake a different series of operational steps as long as it is approved by the coordinating entity and complies with the general requirements of the PoA and selected methodology. B.6. Estimation of emission reductions of a generic CPA

B.6.1. Explanation of methodological choices

>>>> The following are the methodological choices provided for in III.AR v.02 that will be applied in relation to each of the SSC-CPAs to be developed under this PoA. Baseline emissions

The default annual Project Lamp emissions factor of 0.08 tCO2e provided by the methodology will be used. However, if adequate research/monitoring and documentation is provided by the project proponent (e.g. strategic surveys and research conducted by national or local organizations, initiatives by international organizations or non governmental organizations or the project proponent to collect reliable and comprehensive data) alternative values for baseline calculation may be used. The parameters used to calculate the annual Project Lamp emissions factor are as follows:

• Fuel use rate (0.025 liters/hour)

• Utilization rate (3.5 hours/day)

• Annual utilization (365 days/year)

• Fuel emissions factor (2.4 kgCO2/liter)

• Leakage factor (1.0)

• Number of fuel-based lamps replaced per Project Lamp (1.0)

• Net-to-gross adjustment factor (1.0) Project emissions

In accordance with paragraph 16 of the methodology, no project emissions will be calculated as the Project Lamp charging mechanism utilized is charged by a renewable energy system included as part of the Project Lamp. Ex-Post Monitoring The CME will document the selected monitoring plan for project lamps based on one of the following options:

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


Option 1: Project Lamps are assumed to operate for two years after project lamp distribution to end-users. Therefore, emission reductions can only be claimed for two years; Option 2: Project Lamps are assumed to operate for seven years after project lamp distribution to end-users, and thus emission reductions can be claimed for up to seven years per project lamp. Depending on the characteristics of each project lantern, the CME will document in the Monitoring Report which option is selected. In the case that Option 2 of the methodology is selected, the CME has opted to implement a sampling approach to collect data in relation to the ongoing survival of solar lanterns distributed under the PoA. The results of ex-post monitoring surveys will then be applied to each SSC-CPA under the PoA. The emission reduction achieved by the SSC-CPA project activity is determined using AMS III.AR v.02 “ Substituting fossil fuel based lighting with LED/CFL lighting systems”. The sequence of calculations are reproduced as follows:

Baseline emissions

Baseline emissions are calculated as per the following equation:

(1) Where: DV Lamp Emission Factor (default is 0.08 tCO2e per Project Lamp) GFy Grid Factor in year y (default is 1.0 as the Project Lamp charging mechanism utilized is

charged by a renewable energy system included as part of the Project Lamp). DBy Dynamic Baseline Factor in year y.

Option 1: default of 1.0 in the absence of relevant information; Option 2: value of 1.0+FFg where FFg is the documented national growth rate of kerosene fuel use in lighting from the preceding years (use the most recent available data for a three or five years average (fraction))

The Lamp Emission Factor (DV) is calculated as per the following equation:

(2) FUR Fuel use rate (0.025 liters/hour) O Utilization rate (3.5 hours/day) U Annual utilization (365 days/year) EF Fuel emissions factor (2.4 kgCO2/liter)

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


LF Leakage factor (1.0) n Number of fuel-based lamps replaced per Project Lamp (1.0) NTG Net-to-gross adjustment factor (1.0)

Project emissions

As per AMS.III.R methodology, there are no project emissions (PEy = 0) if the Project Lamp charging mechanism utilized is a renewable energy system included as part of the Project Lamp (e.g. a photovoltaic system or mechanical system such as a hand crank charger). It is expected that this will be the type of solar lanterns used in this PoA.

Emissions reduction

Annual emission reductions are calculated as per the following equation:

(3)

Where: ERy Emission reductions in year y (tCO2e) Ni, j Number of Project Lamps distributed to end users of type i with charging method j

OFy, i, j Percentage of Project Lamps distributed to end users that are operating and in service in year y

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


B.6.2. Data and parameters that are to be reported ex-ante

(Copy this table for each data and parameter.)

Data / Parameter FUR

Unit Liters/hour

Description Fuel use rate

Source of data Default value as per AMS.III.AR (Version 02) or alternative value if available.

Value(s) applied 0.025

Choice of data

or

Measurement

methods and

procedures

Default value as per AMS.III.AR (Version 02) or alternative values when an adequate research/monitoring and documentation is available (e.g. strategic surveys and research conducted by national or local organizations, initiatives by international organizations or non governmental organizations or reliable and comprehensive data collected by CME).

Purpose of data Calculation of baseline emissions

Additional comment -

Data / Parameter O

Unit Hours/day

Description Utilization rate

Source of data Default value as per AMS.III.AR (Version 02) or alternative value if available.


Choice of data

or

Measurement

methods and

procedures

Default value as per AMS.III.AR (Version 02) or alternative values when an adequate research/monitoring and documentation is available (e.g. strategic surveys and research conducted by national or local organizations, initiatives by international organizations or non governmental organizations or reliable and comprehensive data collected by CME).



Data / Parameter U

Unit Days/year

Description Annual utilization

Source of data Default value as per AMS.III.AR (Version 02).

Value(s) applied 365

Choice of data

or

Measurement

methods and

procedures

Default value as per AMS.III.AR (Version 02).



UNFCCC/CCNUCC


Data / Parameter EF

Unit kgCO2/liter

Description Fuel emissions factor



Choice of data

or

Measurement

methods and

procedures




Data / Parameter LF

Unit Value

Description Leakage factor



Choice of data

or

Measurement

methods and

procedures


Purpose of data Calculation of Leakage


Data / Parameter NTG

Unit Value

Description Net-to-gross adjustment factor



Choice of data

or

Measurement

methods and

procedures




UNFCCC/CCNUCC


Data / Parameter DV

Unit tCO2e per Project Lamp

Description Lamp Emission Factor

Source of data Calculated as per equation (2) of AMS.III.AR (Version 02)


Choice of data

or

Measurement

methods and

procedures

As per equation (2) of AMS.III.AR (Version 02)


Additional comment This value may change if any of the parameters indicated previously is able to justify alternative values when an adequate research/monitoring and documentation is available (e.g. strategic surveys and research conducted by national or local organizations, initiatives by international organizations or non governmental organizations or reliable and comprehensive data collected by CME).

Data / Parameter GFy

Unit Value

Description Grid Factor in year y



Choice of data

or

Measurement

methods and

procedures

Default value as per AMS.III.AR (Version 02) when solar lanterns are “charged by a renewable energy system included as part of the Project Lamp

(e.g. a photovoltaic system or mechanical system such as a hand crank

charger)”



Data / Parameter DBy

Unit Value

Description Dynamic Baseline Factor in year y



Choice of data

or

Measurement

methods and

procedures

As per AMS.III.AR (Version 02). o Option 1: default of 1.0 in the absence of relevant information;

o Option 2: value of 1.0+FFg where FFg is the documented national growth

rate of kerosene fuel use in lighting from the preceding years (use the most

recent available data for a three or five years average (fraction))



UNFCCC/CCNUCC


B.6.3. Ex-ante calculations of emission reductions >> Baseline emissions

Baseline emissions are calculated as per the following equation:

(1)

Where: DV Lamp Emission Factor (default is 0.08 tCO2e per Project Lamp) GFy Grid Factor in year y (default is 1.0 as the Project Lamp charging mechanism utilized is

charged by a renewable energy system included as part of the Project Lamp). DBy Dynamic Baseline Factor in year y.

Option 1: default of 1.0 in the absence of relevant information; Option 2: value of 1.0+FFg where FFg is the documented national growth rate of kerosene fuel use in lighting from the preceding years (use the most recent available data for a three or five years average (fraction))

The Lamp Emission Factor (DV) is calculated as per the following equation:

(2) FUR Fuel use rate (0.025 liters/hour) O Utilization rate (3.5 hours/day) U Annual utilization (365 days/year) EF Fuel emissions factor (2.4 kgCO2/liter) LF Leakage factor (1.0) n Number of fuel-based lamps replaced per Project Lamp (1.0) NTG Net-to-gross adjustment factor (1.0)

Project emissions

As per AMS.III.R methodology, there are no project emissions (PEy = 0) if the Project Lamp charging mechanism utilized is a renewable energy system included as part of the Project Lamp (e.g. a photovoltaic system or mechanical system such as a hand crank charger). It is expected that this will be the type of solar lanterns used in this PoA.

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


Emissions reduction

Annual emission reductions are calculated as per the following equation:

(3)

Where: ERy Emission reductions in year y (tCO2e) Ni, j Number of Project Lamps distributed to end users of type i with charging method j

OFy, i, j Percentage of Project Lamps distributed to end users that are operating and in service in year y

As an example, in a CPA that distributes 100,000 solar lanterns for one year and uses Monitoring Option 1, the emission reductions associated with this activity can be calculated as follows: ER1 100,000 x (0.08 – 0) x (100%) = 8,000 ER2 100,000 x (0.08 – 0) x (100%) = 8,000 ERTotal 16,000

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


B.7. Application of the monitoring methodology and description of the monitoring plan

B.7.1. Data and parameters to be monitored by each generic CPA (Copy this table for each data and parameter)

Data / Parameter N,i,j

Unit Number

Description Number of Project Lamps distributed to end users of type i with charging method j

Source of data Data Management System.

Value(s) applied To be recorded by each SSC-CPA as part of its data management system

Measurement

methods and

procedures

The total number of lamps will be available through the data management system for each SSC-CPA. This information will be monitored by the CME.

Monitoring

frequency

At the end of each CPA

QA/QC procedures The data should be documented and verifiable by the CME and DOE at random. Each distribution partner involved in the project will be trained in the use of the data management system and capture of information to ensure accurate record keeping. The data management system will use industry standard software, databases, infrastructure and back-up procedures to allow full auditability with the aim of ensuring long-term data integrity and security so that data is not misrecorded, overwritten or lost. Data is verified in a timely manner to ensure valid and accurate information is recorded.


Additional comments All data will be stored in the project database for at least two years after the crediting period or the last issuance of CERs, for this programme, whichever occurs later.

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


Data / Parameter OFy,i,j

Unit -

Description Percentage of Project Lamps distributed to end users that are operating and in service in year y, for each lamp type i and charging method j

Source of data As per AMS.III.AR assumed to equal to 100% for years 1, 2 and 3. Years 4 to 7 will be determined by Ex-Post monitoring survey on the third operational

year of the project lamps.

Value(s) applied Years 1 to 3 = 100% Years 4 to 7 = As per Ex post monitoring survey

Measurement

methods and

procedures

o Assumed to equal to 100% for years 1, 2 and 3. o For years 4, 5, 6 and 7, equal to value determined per ex post monitoring

surveys to be conducted during the third operational year of the project lamps. Only Project Lamps with a unique project marking can be counted as operating and in service. While Project Lamps replaced as part of a regular maintenance or warranty program can be counted as operating, Project Lamps cannot be replaced as part of the survey process and then counted as operating.

Monitoring

frequency

On the third year of operation of the project lamps.

QA/QC procedures Use of standardised data forms, sampling requirements and compliance protocols of SSC-CPA. The data management system will use industry standard software, databases, infrastructure and back-up procedures to allow full auditability with the aim of ensuring long-term data integrity and security so that data is not misrecorded, overwritten or lost. Data is verified in a timely manner to ensure valid and accurate information is recorded

Purpose of data Calculation of emission reductions

Additional comments This value will be calculated only for Project Lamps that will use Monitoring Option 2 as allowed by the AMS.III.R methodology

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


Data / Parameter Distribution data

Unit -

Description The start and completion date of Project Lamp Sale will be clearly described. Start date will be the commencement of the sale of solar lanterns as recorded in the data management system. End date will be defined based on the progress of sale of solar lanterns and will be identified as an entry in the data management system.

Source of data Data Management System

Value(s) applied To be recorded for each SSC-CPA: Sale of Project Lamps - Start date: dd/mm/yyyy Sale of Project Lamps - Completion date: dd/mm/yyyy

Measurement

methods and

procedures

The CME will ensure all data is properly captured and stored in a data management system.

Monitoring

frequency

At the end of each CPA

QA/QC procedures The data should be documented and verifiable by the CME and DOE at random. Each distribution partner involved in the project will be trained in the use of the data management system and capture of information to ensure accurate record keeping. The data management system will use industry standard software, databases, infrastructure and back-up procedures to allow full auditability with the aim of ensuring long-term data integrity and security so that data is not misrecorded, overwritten or lost. Data is verified in a timely manner to ensure valid and accurate information is recorded.


Additional comments All data will be stored in the project database for at least two years after the crediting period or the last issuance of CERs, for this programme, whichever occurs later.

B.7.2. Description of the monitoring plan for a generic CPA

>> As per AMS.III.AR (v2), monitoring options for projects that involve the distribution of solar lanterns include:

(i) Recording of Project Lamp distribution data; and (ii) Where Option 2, is chosen ex post monitoring surveys to determine percentage of Project

Lamps distributed to end users that are operating and in service in year y. The CME will document the selected monitoring plan for project lamps depending based in one of the following options: Option 1: Project Lamps are assumed to operate for two years after project lamp distribution to end-users. Therefore, emission reductions can only be claimed for two years; Option 2: Project Lamps are assumed to operate for seven years after project lamp distribution to end-users, and thus emission reductions can be claimed for up to seven years per project lamp.

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


Depending on the characteristics of each project lantern, the CME will document in the Monitoring Report which option is selected. The data management system managed by the CME, regardless of the selected solar lantern lifetime option, includes the following data-set that can be directly attributed to each SSC-CPA within the PoA, thereby allowing unambiguous determination of the emission reductions generated by each SSC-CPA:

(i) CPA Boundary: The geographical location of each SSC-CPA. (ii) Project Equipment including: Lamp Wattage, Battery Type, Charging Method, Date of

sale, ID of distribution partner, Purchase or Replacement, Lamp Serial Number (iii) Household Data including: Name, phone number (if applicable), address.

The CME will produce a monitoring report for the DOE to verify corresponding to the preceding monitoring period of each SSC-CPA. This report will unambiguously set out the data relating to the emission reductions generated by that SSC-CPA during the monitoring period. PoA record keeping procedures will prevent double counting across SSC-CPAs. The list of households and businesses that participate in the sale of solar lanterns for each SSC-CPA will be clearly documented and recorded in the data management system. This will help to identify the number of solar lanterns sold to each household and ensure, as per AMS III.AR requirements, that no more than 5 solar lanterns per household will be eligible to generate emission reductions. Verification of each SSC-CPA will occur at the end of each monitoring period. The project database will record the start and end dates of each monitoring period, and record the emission reductions attributable to each monitoring period. Appropriate record keeping procedures will be implemented to ensure that each monitoring period data set can be transparently attributed to its corresponding SSC-CPA, preventing any occurrences of double counting. An audit of the project database will be able to determine the current status of each SSC-CPA – the duration of previous monitoring periods, the participating households, ex-post monitoring sample groups delivering monitoring data, and current verification activities. In the case that Option 2 is selected, the CME will ensure that the following requirements are met:

a) At a minimum, Project Lamps must be certified by their manufacturer to have a useful life of

10,000 hours. Within this time span, the relative luminous flux shall not decrease by more than 30% as per equation 1. As an alternative to long-term measurement of light output over the full lifetime of the lamp, a shortened measurement period of 2,000 hours may be chosen. If a 2,000-hour test period is used, the relative luminous flux shall not decrease by more than 15% during the 2,000 hours of continuous operation. As per the principles indicated in AMS-II.J “Demand-side activities for efficient lighting technologies”, if the average life value is not available ex ante, it shall be made available for verification.

(4)

Relative luminous flux after time t (shall be => 85% after 2,000 hrs and =>70% after 10,000 hrs)

Initial luminous flux

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


Luminous flux after time t

b) The Project Lamps use a replaceable, chargeable battery. In addition, there must be documented measures in place to ensure that lamp owners have access to replacement batteries of comparable quality;

c) With regard to physical ingress and water protection, the Project Lamps shall achieve a

minimum level of protection, based on the type of lamp, in accordance with IEC 60529, or an equivalent national standard.

i. For lamps with integrated solar modules or solar modules with a cable length less than three meters, the Ingress Protection (IP) class of the lamp shall be 43 or greater; or alternatively the lamp shall be protected from an equivalent level of environmental exposure;

ii. For lamps with integrated energy storage (i.e. battery) and external solar modules with

cable lengths greater than 3 meters, the IP class of the lamp shall be 41 or greater; or alternatively the lamp shall be protected from an equivalent level of environmental exposure;

iii. For lamps with separate energy storage, light points, and external solar modules with

cable lengths greater than three meters, the IP class of the storage base unit and light points shall be 21 or greater; or alternatively the lamp shall be protected from an equivalent level of environmental exposure;

d) Conditions (a) and (c) are confirmed by a third-party testing organization based on sample tests of Project Lamps using applicable national standards where such are available, or alternatively, the standards or test protocols indicated in Annex I of this methodology may be used. The laboratory conducting and certifying the tests shall comply with the requirements of a relevant national or international standard, e.g. ISO/IEC 17025. If the testing results are not available ex ante, they shall be made available at project verification;

e) Project Lamps shall be marked for clear, unique identification to associate them with each unique CDM project.

Ex-Post monitoring surveys sampling method

The CME will ensure that the following survey principles are followed in the case that Monitoring Option 2 is selected and Ex Post Monitoring Surveys are required:

g) The sampling size is determined by minimum 90% confidence interval and the 10% maximum error margin; the size of the sample shall be no less than 100;

h) Sampling must be statistically robust and relevant, i.e. the survey has a random distribution and is representative of the target population (size, location);

i) The method to select respondents for interviews is random; j) The survey is conducted by site visits; k) Only persons over age 12 are interviewed; l) The PDD must contain the design details of the survey.

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


As per incise (f), the CME will apply the following Sampling Plan for the PoA:

g. Sampling Objective

The sampling objective is to establish a reliable estimate of the percentage of Project Lamps distributed to end users that are operating and in service in year y, for each lamp type i and charging method j Reliability Requirements

According to UNFCCC Standard for Sampling and Surveys for CDM Project Activities and Programme of Activities (version 02), section III, point 19, p. 3, the “Parameter values shall be estimated by

sampling in accordance with the requirements in the applied methodology separately and independently

for each of the CPAs included in a PoA except when a single sampling plan covering a group of CPAs is

undertaken applying 95/10 confidence/precision for the sample size calculation.”

For the present Programme of Activities representative samples for the Ex Post Monitoring surveys will be monitored at the PoA level therefore the required confidence/ precision criteria to be met is 95/10.

h. The target Population

The target population is the total project lamps distributed during the monitored period under consideration.

i. Sampling Frame

The sampling frame refers to all the information sources on the basis of which the project database is developed. During TATS project operation; databases were accumulating listing relevant information of the households Project lamps were distributed to. The sample frame is developed from these databases with the frame consisting of:

• Project Equipment including: Lamp Wattage, Battery Type, Charging Method, Date of sale, ID of distribution partner, Purchase or Replacement

• Household Data including: Name, phone number (if applicable), address (if applicable), ID number

These databases are representative and can be used for CDM purposes.

j. Sample Method

The selected sampling method is a stratified multistage random sampling. The stratified approach was chosen because when sub-populations vary considerably, it is advantageous to group elements into relatively homogeneous subpopulations and sample each subpopulation independently. The multistage sampling method was chosen in order to limit the potential high cost of information gathering that could arise from using a simple random sampling method to measure a homogeneous but rather large and geographically dispersed population. The project lights lamps will be first be classified based on the Kenyan financial year of sale (“vintage year”) and a representative sample will be monitored. The “vintage years” are mutually exclusive and they are also collectively exhaustive: no population element is excluded. Within each vintage year a multistage sampling method will be applied in order to select a representative sample of minimum 100 project lamps.

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


n =

Z 2 * CV 2

e2

n =

1.962 * 0.52

0.12= 96

Once the vintage years have been defined, the approach chosen will consist of the following steps:

o Cluster the population by relevant geographical area and randomly select cluster(s).

o Random selection of a maximum of 100 households per vintage year within the last clusters

units selected.

The selected households may be within the geographical boundary of 1 or more CPAs.

o Data collection on all the project lamps in the selected household.

Given that the number of Project lamps to be sold to participating households can vary from 1 to 5, a minimum of 100 project lamps will be sampled within each vintage year, for every monitored period. This figure meet the 95/10 confidence/precision required in the Standard for Sampling and Surveys for CDM Project Activities and Programme of Activities (version 02), and also the AMS III.AR (version 2) requirements that “the size of the sample shall be no less

than 100”.

k. Desired Precision/Expected Variance and Sample Size

i. Desired precision

As prescribed by the methodology there are 95/10 (confidence/precision) requirements.

ii. Sample size

The minimum sample size will be estimated by using the following formula: (1) Where, n = Sample size Z= Z- value, 1.96 for 95% confidence e = Desired level of precision (i.e. 10%) CV = Co-efficient Variation (initially taken as 0.50 to be more conservative) Therefore, for a confidence level of 95% with 10% precision, and a CV of 0.5, the estimate of required sample size for infinite population size will be: According to the methodology “the size of the sampling shall be no less than 100”. In this case, as mentioned above, the sampling design chosen by the project proponent ensure that the minimum sample

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


size will be at least 100 project lamps for every vintage year. The result of this sampling will determine the proportion of the total number of devices still in service on the third operational year of project lamps, which will be applied to the calculation of emissions reductions for that period. Project lamps distributed under the Project Activity will be marked with a TATS logo (or equivalent) to ensure that they can be unambiguously differentiated from other similar lamps in the selected households. As discussed above, the results obtained from the sampling process will be directly extrapolated across the entire population of households participating in the Project Activity. Therefore, the proportion of Project Lamps distributed to end users that are operating and in service in year y as determined through the household ex post monitoring survey will be taken to be representative of the pattern occurring in all households within the monitored period.

l. Implementation

i. Implementation Schedule

The ex-post monitoring surveys will be performed as prescribed in the methodology on the third operational year of project lamps.

ii. Data collection and analysis

The CME will engage a local sampling expert, institution or university to perform the ex-post monitoring surveys, gather data and prepare final reports.

- - - - -

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


Appendix 1: Contact information on entity/individual responsible for the PoA

Organization Total Access to Solar

Street/P.O. Box 2 place Jean Millier

Building Tour Coupole 23E38

City Paris

State/Region Paris

Postcode 92078

Country France

Telephone +33 (0)1 47 44 51 97

Fax +33 (0)1 47 44 53 24

E-mail [email protected]

Website www.total.com

Contact person Mathieu Eveillard

Title

Salutation Mr.

Last name Eveillard

Middle name

First name Mathieu

Department

Mobile +33 (0)6 10 78 49 55

Direct fax +33 (0)1 47 44 53 24

Direct tel. +33 (0)1 47 44 51 97

Personal e-mail [email protected]

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


Organization Total Kenya Limited

Street/P.O. Box Regal Plaza, Limuru Road

Building

City Nairobi

State/Region Central

Postcode 30736 00100 GPO

Country Kenya

Telephone +254 203 742 334

Fax +254 202 666 973


Website www.total.co.ke

Contact person Alexis Vovk

Title

Salutation Mr.

Last name Vovk

Middle name

First name Alexis

Department

Mobile

Direct fax +254 202 666 973

Direct tel. +254 203 742 334


UNFCCC/CCNUCC


Organization TOTAL Gas and Power Limited

Street/P.O. Box 33 Cavendish Square

Building

City London

State/Region

Postcode W1G 0PW

Country United Kingdom

Telephone +44 (0)207 7186649

Fax +44 (0)79 796 52736


Website www.total.com

Contact person Brendan Whelan

Title Carbon Portfolio Analyst

Salutation Mr.

Last name Whelan

Middle name

First name Brendan

Department Emissions Trading

Mobile

Direct fax +44 (0)79 796 52736

Direct tel. +44 (0)207 7186649


Appendix 2: Affirmation regarding public funding

No public funding has been used for the Programme of Activities

Appendix 3: Application of methodology(ies)

Application of methodologies has been described in section B.2

Appendix 4: Further background information on ex ante calculation of emission reductions

Ex ante calculation of emission reductions has been described in section B.6.3

Appendix 5: Further background information on the monitoring plan

Monitoring Plan has been described in section B.7.2

- - - - -

History of the document

Version Date Nature of revision(s)

02.0 EB 66 13 March 2012

Revision required to ensure consistency with the "Guidelines for completing the programme design document form for small-scale CDM programmes of activities" (EB 66, Annex 13).

01 EB33, Annex43 Initial adoption.

UNFCCC/CCNUCC


27 July 2007

Decision Class: Regulatory Document Type: Form Business Function: Registration

Date post:	23-May-2018
Category:	Documents
Upload:	lamkien
View:	219 times
Download:	2 times