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Progress Meeting - Vienna - June 2001
Aid in the management and European comparisonof Municipal Solid WASte Treatment methods
for a global and sustainable approach.
Fifth Framework Program
Progress meetingVienna, June 27-29, 2001
Progress meetingVienna, June 27-29, 2001
Progress Meeting - Vienna - June 2001
Summary
Project presentation
Introduction to simulation concepts and terms
Thematic WPs
Progress Meeting - Vienna - June 2001
AWAST general context
The MSW management is a major problem for the local communities of the EU.
The current situation:
Lack of methodologies and softwares to:Define,
Evaluate,
Optimise or adapt
waste treatment decisions and toMeet
the EC level progress targets.
The need:
Tools for modelling the effect of reduction, re-use or treatment of waste on the GLOBAL evaluation on MSW management
Progress Meeting - Vienna - June 2001
AWAST position and objective
Public opinion Reglementations
AWAST : Evaluation of strategies...
Choice
MODECOM
Analytical tools
Technical means
Progress Meeting - Vienna - June 2001
AWAST Methodology
Two layers
Conceptual layer - thematic approach
Models and tools design
Practical layer - global approach
Tools validation and cases studies
Progress Meeting - Vienna - June 2001
Cases studies - global approach
Data collectionCharacterisation,
sampling11
Data treatment, M FAMaterial balance,
Data reconciliation
22
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
70.00
80.00
Te
ne
urs
MONS(en %)
Films > 5 mmx10
(en %)
Lourds > 5mm
(en %)
Inertes tot.(en %)
Hg(mg/kg sec)
Cd(mg/kg sec)
Ni(mg/kg sec)
Pb /10(mg/kg sec)
Cr/10(mg/kg sec)
Cu/10(mg/kg sec)
Zn/10(mg/kg sec)
OM Brutes - Qualité du compost (1 Double Tapis sélectionneur)
Crible 55%
Crible 62%
Crible 76%
NF Qualité A
CERAFEL
200
Scenarii,Simulations
55 Simulation statique
DimensionnerOptimiser
SIM
ULA
TO
RBuild up and validation
of the simulator
44
Adjustment of models,treatment ways, etc 33
Real world process analysis Methodology
ActualSituation
HypotheticSituation
Progress Meeting - Vienna - June 2001
Simulator…some definitions
Simulator structureFlowsheet
StreamsNodes
Phases modelPhases (physical)
Criteria and/or combinationof several criteria(size classes, components,substances,…)
Mixer (0)
Separator (0)
Screen 18 mmPartition curve per component
Screen 150 mmPartition curve per component
Mechanical treatment - Screening
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Progress Meeting - Vienna - June 2001
Phase model example
Progress Meeting - Vienna - June 2001
Simulator…definitions (continued)
Simulator operationQuantities in streams
FlowratesGrades
Equipment descriptionParameters for each model
of unit operationPerformancesSizesOperating conditionsOthers
Mixer (0)
Separator (0)
Screen 18 mmPartition curve per component
Screen 150 mmPartition curve per component
Mechanical treatment - Screening
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2
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4
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8
Progress Meeting - Vienna - June 2001
Library of models
Unit operationMODEL
Unit operationMODEL
ParametersParameters
Input
Flowrates Sizes, Categories, Metalsetc..
Input
Flowrates Sizes, Categories, Metalsetc..
Output (s)Output (s)
Steady-statesimulator
Steady-statesimulator
Plant operation
Plant capital cost
Plant operation
Plant capital cost
Feed stream description
Equipment configuration
Feed stream description
Equipment configuration
Progress Meeting - Vienna - June 2001
Simulation…hum !Direct simulation
Reverse simulation
Process 1
Process 2 Process 3 Process 4
Process 1
Process 2 Process 3 Process 4
Supplied data: Calculated data:
Progress Meeting - Vienna - June 2001
Predictive simulation ?Separation equipment example
Recovery x% 0
0.5
1
0 2 4 6 8 10
= Residence time
Recovery x% 0
0.5
1
0 2 4 6 8 10
= Residence time
Flowrateincreases
Descriptive model/Performance
Predictive model
Progress Meeting - Vienna - June 2001
Real case study - process optimisation
Collection of data on the operation of the existing process
Data reconciliationMaterial Flow Analysis
Set of coherent data for the complete flowsheet
Set of coherent data for the complete flowsheet
Calibration of thesimulation models
Simulation of the operation based on scenarii (hypothesis on feed, equipment)
Objective:Flowsheet optimization
Objective:Flowsheet optimization
Simulator of actual situationSimulator of actual situation
Design of additionalequipment
Design of additionalequipment
Progress Meeting - Vienna - June 2001
Summary
Project presentation
Introduction to simulation concepts and terms
Thematic WPs
Progress Meeting - Vienna - June 2001
Conceptual layer - thematic approach
Real worldConceptual model(s)
Model for simulation Images, ‘universal’ representations
for use to achieve objectives
Progress Meeting - Vienna - June 2001
Levels of modelsTypes of models according to their use and cost of use
TypeLevel Parameters
0
1
2
3
Performance
Predictive
Predictive
Predictive
% in output(s)
Use
Flowsheeting
Sizes, operating conditionsno/few data on matter
Id. level 1 +streams in/out real equipment
Id. level 2 +laboratory characterisations
Sizing/optimisation
Optimisation
Optimisation
Cost increases Precision increases
Progress Meeting - Vienna - June 2001
The heart of a simulator To represent the operation of each piece of equipment, we use a progressive approach, with several levels of models, more and more predictive…and costly to use,
in the frame of the simulation methodology.
Level 0:Percentage
passing per category
Level 0:Percentage
passing per category
Level 3:Size, operating
conditions,Data from real
operation,Physical properties
Level 3:Size, operating
conditions,Data from real
operation,Physical properties
Level 2:Size, operating
conditions,Data from real
operation
Level 2:Size, operating
conditions,Data from real
operation
Level 1:Size, operating
conditions,Few or No Physical
property
Level 1:Size, operating
conditions,Few or No Physical
propertyProportion ofeach category
in the feedSize/shape of particles in
each category
…sampling,survey
…sampling,survey+ lab
characterisation
Progress Meeting - Vienna - June 2001
For all modelling tasks1. Definition of conceptual models
example of MFA/phase model conceptual flowsheetsextraction of the flowsheet of Orléans
2. Extraction of practical model(s) of adapted level(s)There are not bad models, but models adapted to an objective (case compost).
Objective for simulation:“Supplying a simulation tool to help in:
The choice of suitable MSW treatment methods.The optimised management of processing (assessment, control, analysis of the existing situation).The optimisation of the installations.“l
Progress Meeting - Vienna - June 2001
MFA flowsheets
All flowsheets have been drawn in USIM PAC
Recycling residues
Compost
Treated ashes
Recycling products
Recycling
Landfill
Thermaltreatment
Biologicaltreatment
Wastesplitting
Sorting
(((((((((((((((((((((
Tranport ofsewage sludge
Transport ofsewer waste
Transport ofimported waste
Collection ofmixed waste
Collection of other organic waste
Cleaningof the road
Collectionofotherwaste
Separate waste collection- Curbside
Separate waste collection - Collecting point
MSW management system
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Next
Progress Meeting - Vienna - June 2001
MFA Level 3 - biological treatment
Importedorganic waste
Biological fraction ofmixed waste and imported mixed waste
Sewage sludge
Sewer waste
Organic waste
Road waste
Biowaste
Organic waste
RecyclingScrap
TIBS
Landfill for residuesof waste treatment
Thermaltreatment
Compost
Biologically pretreated MSW
Light fraction
Composting
plant
Other biological
treatment plant
Mechanical biological
treatment plant
Transport ofimported waste
Waste splitting
Transport ofsewage sludge
Transport ofsewer waste
Collection of other organic waste
Cleaning of the road
Separate waste collection- Curbside
Separate waste collection- Collecting point
Biological treatment
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Could be anotherflowsheet (composting plant)
Progress Meeting - Vienna - June 2001
Extraction for Orléans case study
Lightfraction
Scrap
Scrap
Spreading
Sorting products
Biowaste, mixed waste, textile, glass, road waste,Hazardous waste, ...
Road waste
SortingResidues
Tetrapacks, metal, plasticpaper, cardboard
Tetrapacks, metal, plasticpaper, cardboard
Tetrapacks, metal, plastic, paper, cardboardBulky waste
Bulky waste
Collectionof organic waste
Wastesplitting
Recycling residues
Compost
Treated ashes
Recycling products
Recycling
Landfill
Thermaltreatment
Biologicaltreatment
Sorting
(((((((((((((((Tranport ofsewage sludge
Transport ofsewer waste
Transport ofimported waste
Collection ofmixed waste
Cleaningof the road
Collectionofotherwaste
Separate waste collection- Curbside
Separate waste collection - Collecting point
Orléans case study
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Progress Meeting - Vienna - June 2001
Use of flowsheet from MFA
Common language for flows
Extensive description of possibilities (matter circulation)definition of scenarii
Adaptation for practical simulation
Progress Meeting - Vienna - June 2001
Practical flowsheet ?
For Metal, mixed waste, biowaste, glass, road waste, Hazardous waste...Paper, cardboard, plastic
For Glass,Tetrapacks, metal, plastic, Paper, cardboard
For glass
Sewage sludge to spreading
Back to dealer
To type I - Hazardous waste
To type II - Non hazardous waste
Glass
Light fraction
Filter cake, treated ashes
Sorting products
SortingResidues
Bottom ash, scrap
Scrap, Compost to spreading
Mixed waste
Mixed waste without secondary materials
Landfill
MSWIncineration plant
Paper, cardboard, plastic
Tetrapacks, metal, plasticPaper, cardboard
Glass
Road waste
Metal, mixed waste, biowaste, glass, road wasteHazardous waste...
Collection of mixed waste
Hospital waste
Oil and fat from municipalities
Medicine, batteries, ...
Industry
Composting plant
Sorting
Tetrapacks, metal, plasticPaper, cardboard
Bulky waste
Collection of other waste
Glass
Separate waste collection- Curbside
Separate waste collection- Collecting point
ORLEANS case study
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Progress Meeting - Vienna - June 2001
Real world