Date post: | 13-Jan-2016 |
Category: |
Documents |
Upload: | jonathan-alexander |
View: | 214 times |
Download: | 1 times |
• Progressive, degenerative disorder
• Attacks the brain's neurons• Results in loss of memory,
thinking and language skills, and behavioral changes
• Confusion over time and place
Early Onset Familial Alzheimer's Disease (FAD) genetic link Age 30 to 60
Late Onset Diagnosed whena person has cognitive declineGenetic link suspected Emerging evidenceepigenetic mechanisms contribute to Alzheimer's disease~NIH 2012
1. Educate yourself about the disease2. Learn caregiving techniques. 3. Understand the experience of your loved one4. Avoid caregiver burnout5. Maintain your own physical and mental health. 6. Discuss the situation with family and friends. 7. Do cognitive stimulation activities with your loved
one. 8. Foster communication with physicians9. Take care of financial, legal and long-term care
planning issue10. Smile11. Think positive12. Reach out for care.
1.Increasing forgetfulness and mild confusion.
2.Inability to speak and write coherently
3.Impaired judgment and problem solving
~Mayo 2012
Evidence indicates Use the sense of smell to determine
if someone may get Alzheimer’s disease
Use changes in sense of smell to begin treatments, instead of waiting until someone has issues learning and remembering
Determine if therapies are workingThe Journal of Neuroscience, Nov. 2, 2011 Case Western Reserve Medical School
Starts in the olfactory – loss of smell one of the first signs
Short-term memory fails when Alzheimer's disease first destroys nerve cells in the hippocampus
Language skills and judgment decline when neurons die in the cerebral cortex
Atrophy and clinical stage of AD. Coronal three-dimensional T1-weighted volume MR images (repetition time msec/echo time msec/inversion time msec, 7/900/2.8/900) in three individuals
in their 70s are shown.
Jack C R Radiology 2012;263:344-361
©2012 by Radiological Society of North America
cross-section of the brain as seen from the front
1906Dr. Alois Alzheimer, German physicianPresented a case history of a 51-year-
old woman who suffered from mental illness
He identified through autopsy plaques and tangles in her brain
These plaques and tangles characterize Alzheimer's Disease
Plaques and tangles.
Jack C R Radiology 2012;263:344-361
©2012 by Radiological Society of North America
http://radiology.rsna.org/content/263/2/344.full
Integral membrane protein concentrated in the synapses of neurons.
Its primary function is not known, though it has been implicated as a regulator of synapse formation, neural plasticity and iron export
Mu Y, Gage FH. Mol Neurodegener. 2011; 6: 85PMID 22192775.
Main component of deposits found in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease
Stabilizes microtubules
Reddy 2011hyperphosphorylation of tau
In Alzheimer travels down the microtubule and tangles
reddy
Hypothetical model of the dynamic biomarkers of the AD cascade.
Jack C R Radiology 2012;263:344-361
©2012 by Radiological Society of North America
Reddy
Nothing prevents
Some interventions don’t hurtCoffee Aspirin
April 28, 2010 by NIH
Anti –inflammatory Properties Aged mice bred to develop symptoms of
Alzheimer's Given caffeine - the equivalent of 5 cups of
coffee/day Memory impairment was reversed
University of South Florida Florida Alzheimer's Disease Research Centre 2009
Aspirin? Doesn’t hurt? Increases the
risk of serious bleeding
Jan Dubinsky, PhD
Alzheimer Foundation Mayo Clinic NIH University of Minnesota Dr. Ravinder Reddy Dr. Clifford Jack