Project: Anomalous Dispersion

John H. Cushman1, Natalie Kleinfelter1, Monica Moroni2

1Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences and Department of Mathematics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 (e-mail: jcushman@purdue.edu) 2Department of Hydraulics, Transportations and Roads, University of Rome “La Sapienza” – via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Rome (Italy) (e-mail: monica.moroni@uniroma1.it)

“Ingredients” for image analysis

The fluid under investigation and the test section have to be transparent: mono-phase and multi-phase systems

The fluid has to be seeded with tracer particles with the following features: same density as water and highly reflecting

One or more cameras, a high power light source, an acquisition and digitalization system and image analysis system are required

Applications

• Fully developed turbulent channel

• Porous media

• Convective boundary layer

• Subduction

• Multi-dune channel

• Bacteria motion

• Ventricular flow

Turbulent channel flow (d= 2 cm, x/d = 80, z/d = 10)

The experimental set-up

Tracers (p/f = 1.06, dP = 40 mm)

Fully developed turbulent channel

Fully developed turbulent channel

Applications

• Fully developed turbulent channel

• Porous media

• Convective boundary layer

• Subduction

• Multi-dune channel

• Bacteria motion

• Ventricular flow

Porous media

Porous media

Applications

• Fully developed turbulent channel

• Porous media

• Convective boundary layer

• Subduction

• Multi-dune channel

• Bacteria motion

• Ventricular flow

Experimental set-up

Mixing layer: PTV (low seeding density)

Mixing layer: FT (large seeding density)

Internal waves: FT

Applications

• Fully developed turbulent channel

• Porous media

• Convective boundary layer

• Subduction

• Multi-dune channel

• Bacteria motion

• Ventricular flow

The experimental apparatus

Camera (top view)

Camera (lateral view)

x

z

y

Plate width- 30 cm- 20 cm- 10 cm

FT: Trajectories

Fluid #2, plate width= 20 cm, lateral view

FT: Trajectories

Fluid #2, plate width= 20 cm, top view

Applications

• Fully developed turbulent channel

• Porous media

• Convective boundary layer

• Subduction

• Multi-dune channel

• Bacteria motion

• Ventricular flow

The experimental apparatus

Longitudinal section (dimensions in mm)

A multi-dune is a device constructed from a sequence of closed parallel cylindrical tubes welded together in plane. The complex is sliced down its lateral mid-plane and the lower half is shifted laterally and then fixed relative to the upper half.

Flo

w

in

Flo

w

ou

t

300

8

12 4

30

20

8

15

30 60

30

R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8

C1 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8

Multi-dune channel

FT – Trajectories: lower flow rate

FT - Trajectories: larger flow rate

Applications

• Fully developed turbulent channel

• Porous media

• Convective boundary layer

• Subduction

• Multi-dune channel

• Bacteria motion

• Ventricular flow

Bacteria motion

Bacteria motion

Applications

• Fully developed turbulent channel

• Porous media

• Convective boundary layer

• Subduction

• Multi-dune channel

• Bacteria motion

• Ventricular flow

Ventricle

Tank

Laser

Camera

Mirror

PistonMotor

Compliance Head losses

Investigation of Ventricular Flow

Investigation of Ventricular Flow