Project Document
Strengthening national and regional capacities for
effective environmental emergency preparedness
- Phase II
SIGNATURES
Name of Subprogramme Coordinator:
Name: ______________________________
Oli Brown
Review Signature
(prior to project submission for PRC review):
____________________Date:______/______/20__
Name of Director of Division managing the Project:
Name: ______________________________
Mette Loyche Wilkie
Review Signature
(prior to project submission for PRC review):
____________________Date:______/______/20__
In Approval of the Project submitted by the above
Director and Coordinator:
UNEP Deputy Executive Director
Approval Signature
(following PRC review):
____________________Date:______/______/20__
Project Executive Summary:
In recent years, disasters have been increasingly accompanied by unprecedented environmental impacts having
severe negative consequences for people, livelihoods and the environment. Industrial and technological accidents
as well as the secondary effects of disasters such as floods and earthquakes jeopardize the health and safety of
responders, individuals and entire communities. Furthermore, pollution released as a cause of accidents also has
the potential to impact the long-term well-being of people by harming the livelihoods and environment they
depend upon. Rapid urbanization coupled with industrial advancements, lack of coping capacities, as well as the
growing vulnerability of communities increases the risk of environmental emergencies – emphasizing the need
for adequate preparedness planning and emergency response, especially in developing nations.
This project aims to strengthen national capacities for environmental emergencies preparedness through two main
set of activities: 1) Reflecting environmental emergency preparedness in policy frameworks and promoting
preparedness and guidelines through the Environmental Emergencies Centre; and 2) Enhancing the self-reliance
of four at-risk countries to manage environmental emergencies. The Environmental Emergencies Centre and its
tools will be used in support of training activities and the mainstreaming of project goals at a regional level.
The current project is part of the overall work programme and mandate of the Joint UNEP/OCHA Environment
Unit. It builds upon previous joint initiatives, including the establishment of the Environmental Emergency
Centre, and other capacity development activities executed by the Joint UNEP/OCHA Environment Unit. An in-
depth evaluation will be executed at the end of this proposed project.
ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
AGEE Advisory Group on Environmental Emergencies
APELL Awareness and Preparedness for Emergencies at Local Level
ASEAN Association of Southeast Asian Nations
BCPR Bureau for Crisis Prevention and Recovery
CADRI United Nations Capacity for Disaster Reduction Initiative
DCPI Division of Communications and Public Information (UNEP)
DEPI Division of Environmental Policy Implementation (UNEP)
DEWA Division of Early Warning and Assessment (UNEP)
DTIE Division of Technology, Industry and Economics (UNEP)
EA Expected Accomplishment
EEC Environmental Emergencies Centre
EEF Environmental Emergencies Forum (EEF)
ENVSEC Environment and Security Initiative
EUCP European Union Civil Protection Mechanism
GA United Nations General Assembly
GC UNEP Governing Council
FAO Food and Agriculture Organization
FEAT Flash Environmental Assessment Tool
HFA Hyogo Framework for Action
IASC Inter-Agency Standing Committee
IFRC International Federation of the Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
ihID Industrial Hazard Identification
JEU Joint UNEP/OCHA Environment Unit
MPP Minimum Preparedness Package
MSB Swedish Civil Contingencies Agency
OCHA United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
OECD Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
OSCE Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe
PoW Programme of Work and Budget
SAGEE Strategic Advisory Group on Environmental Emergencies
SDC Swiss Development Cooperation
UN United Nations
UNCT United Nations Country Team
UNDAF United Nations Development Assistance Framework
UNDP United Nations Development Programme
UNECE United Nations Economic Commission for Europe
UNISDR United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction
UNITAR United Nations Institute for Training and Research
UNEP United Nations Environment Programme
UNFCCC United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
UNGA United Nations General Assembly
UNHCR United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
UNOSAT United Nations Operational Satellite Application Programme
WHO World Health Organization
1 UNEP Project Document
Table of Contents
Table of Contents ........................................................................................................................................ 1
1 Project Overview .................................................................................................................................. 2 Project Information.................................................................................................................................... 2 Projected Duration and Budget Summary ................................................................................................. 4
2 Project Justification .............................................................................................................................. 5
3 Project Statement ................................................................................................................................. 9 Expected results and outcomes .................................................................................................................. 9 Resource Mobilization Strategy for the project ....................................................................................... 12 National and Regional Relevance ........................................................................................................... 12 Stakeholder Analysis and roles ............................................................................................................... 14 Cost-effectiveness ................................................................................................................................... 15 Project Sustainability Strategy ................................................................................................................ 16 Project Replicability and Mainstreaming Strategy .................................................................................. 16 Public Awareness, Communications Strategy ......................................................................................... 17 Use of Legal Instruments ........................................................................................................................ 17 Project Implementation Structure ............................................................................................................ 17
4 Risk Analysis ....................................................................................................................................... 22
5 Theory of Change and Logical Framework ..................................................................................... 23
6 Monitoring & Evaluation ................................................................................................................... 27 Monitoring Plan ....................................................................................................................................... 27 Evaluation Plan ....................................................................................................................................... 27
7 Project Work Plan – ........................................................................................................................... 28
2 UNEP Project Document
1 Project Overview
Project Information
Table 1: Required Project Information
Identification Insert IMIS no.
Insert PIMS no.
Project Title Strengthening national and regional capacities for effective environmental emergency
preparedness, Phase II
Division managing project DEPI - Division of Environmental Policy Implementation
Project Manager and Org.
Unit/Division1
Emilia
Wahlstrom
P3 Joint
UNEP/OCHA
Environment
Unit
Funding
source EF
40% Existing
staff member
(UNEP)
Other Members of Project team
To be
confirmed
P2 level
consultant
Joint
UNEP/OCHA
Environment
Unit
Funding
source XB
100% Consultant
Dawit Yared G5 Joint
UNEP/OCHA
Environment
Unit
Funding
source EF
30% Existing
staff
member
(UNEP)
Wendy Cue P5 Joint
UNEP/OCHA
Environment
Unit
In-Kind
Contribution
OCHA
5% Existing
staff member
(OCHA)
Rene Nijenhuis P4 Joint
UNEP/OCHA
Environment
Unit
In-Kind
Contribution
OCHA
10% Existing
staff member
(OCHA)
Name of Supervisor of UNEP
Project Manager2
Wendy Cue
Type/Location
Global, with a particular focus on four target countries in the following regions:
Central Asia: Armenia, Tajikistan
Southern Africa: Mozambique
Asia and Pacific: TBC
North Africa and Middle East: TBC
Region (UNEP)
Africa Asia Pacific
West Asia Europe
List Countries Tbc
Programme of Work 2014-2015
Subprogramme Disasters and conflicts
Expected Accomplishment
Expected Accomplishment 1: The capacity of countries to use natural resource and
environmental management to prevent and reduce the risk of disasters and conflicts is
improved
Most relevant PoW Output to which
Project primarily contributes3 Output 212: Risk information and training provided to countries in order to improve
1 For a UNEP executed GEF project, indicate name of the project manager executing the project. 2 For GEF projects, indicate name of UNEP Task Manager’s (TM) supervisor. In the case of internally executed GEF Projects, both the TM’s and the supervisor of the Project Manager (in the executing unit) should be indicated here. 3 Must be consistent with the Logical Framework
3 UNEP Project Document
national preparedness to respond to and mitigate acute environmental risks caused by
conflicts and disasters
Date of UNEP clearance of concept
or relevant Programme Framework
Other Divisions/Regional Offices
involved
DTIE
DEWA ROA, ROAP,
ROWA and
ROE
DCPI
Name of External Executing
Partners
OCHA
.
4 UNEP Project Document
Projected Duration and Budget Summary
Table 2: Project Duration and cost
Project start date: 10/2014 Planned completion date: 09/2016 Total duration in months: 24
Mid-term Review date(if project
spans over more than one biennium
Terminal Evaluation date: 05/2016
Budget Summary4
TYPE OF
FUNDING SOURCE OF FUNDING 2014 2015 2016 US$ Total
CASH
BUDGET
Environment Fund activity budget
Regular Budget activity budget
Extra-budgetary
Funding (posts +
non-post costs)
Donor funding secured5
- Switzerland 278,025 42,500
0 320,525
Programme Support Costs 41,544 6,351 0 47,895
Subtotal secured XB funding 319,569 48,851 0 368,420
Unsecured XB funding6 57,442 1,068,390 335,057 1,460,890
TOTAL PROJECT CASH BUDGET
(=EF or RB activity budget + Secured and
unsecured XB funding)
377,011
1,117,241
335,057
1,829,310
IN-KIND
CONTRIB
UTION
Environment Fund post costs P3, G5
Regular Budget post costs
TOTAL UNEP IN-KIND CONTRIBUTION 24,000 96,000 72,000 192,000
TOTAL UNEP MANAGED PROJECT BUDGET (=PROJECT
CASH BUDGET + UNEP IN-KIND CONTRIBUTION)
401,011
1,213,241
407,057
2,021,310
COFINANCING CASH CONTRIBUTION7
COFINANCING BASED ON PARTNERS IN-KIND
CONTRIBUTION
7,500 30,000 22,500 60,000
4 A detailed project budget shall be provided as Annex 1. 5 For GEF Projects, all funding has to be committed and confirmed by co-financing letters from co-financers at PRC stage and shall be divided between cash and in-kind contributions. 6 i.e. funding still to be mobilized 7Funding from a donor to a partner which is not received in UNEP accounts but is used by a UNEP partner or collaborating centre to deliver the
results in a UNEP-approved project
5 UNEP Project Document
2 Project Justification
Background
Environmental emergencies are defined as “sudden onset disasters or accidents resulting from natural,
technological or human-induced factors, or a combination of these that cause or threaten to cause severe
environmental damage as well as loss of human lives and property.”8 In other words, environmental
emergencies can be caused by natural hazards such as earthquakes, floods and typhoons, or by
technological and human-induced hazards such as conflicts, goods transport, mining or industrial
activities.
A number of factors will increase the frequency, complexity and severity of disasters in the future. They
include climate change, unplanned urbanization and poverty. From 2008-2012 a total of 144 million
people were displaced by natural disasters, with 32.4 million people displaced in 2012 alone. In 2012, 98
% of this displacement was triggered by climate and weather related hazards such as flood, storms and
wildfires.9 These global changes will place an increasing burden on disaster management systems through
the increased vulnerability and exposure of large populations and are expected to slow economic growth
and create new pockets of poverty10
.
Increase in urbanization and industrialisation also brings increased pressure on environmental systems,
which when combined with poor capacity to manage natural hazards increases the risk of environmental
emergencies. Industrial accidents triggered by a natural hazard are referred to as natechs, and cause
substantial secondary impacts that affect the health and well-being of local populations and ecosystems.
For instance storms like Typhoon Haiyan11
(November 2013) and Hurricane Katrina (August 2005) both
caused oil spills that destroyed marine life, degraded shorelines and harmed economic activities like
tourism and fishing – also impacting human welfare by polluting food and water sources.
Developing countries are at particular risk both to disasters and environmental emergencies, as they have
weaker institutional, financial and legal capacities to adequately address the hazards and underlying
vulnerabilities that contribute to the damage. Rapid urbanization and industrialization complicates the
picture, as industrial facilities are established at rapid pace in an increasing number of developing
countries12
.
The World Health Organizations Emergency Events Database (EM-DAT) - which tracks technological
disasters - shows a steady increase in reported events from 1975 until around 2005 after which there has
been a slight decline until 2012 (see Figure 1).
8 UNEP/GC.22/INF/5 9 Internal Displacement Monitoring Center, 2013: Global Estimates 2012: People displaced by disasters. Available at:
http://www.internal-
displacement.org/8025708F004BE3B1/(httpInfoFiles)/99E6ED11BB84BB27C1257B6A0035FDC4/$file/global-estimates-2012-
may2013.pdf 10 IPCC, 2014: Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability (IPCC WGII AR5) Available at:
http://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar5/wg2/ 11 OCHA Situation Report No. 16 (as of 22 November 2013) on Philippines: Typhoon Haiyan 12 Keeping up with Megatrends. The implications of Climate Change and Urbanization for Environmental Emergency
Preparedness and Response. A report prepared for OCHA and UNEP upon request of the Advisory Group on Environmental
Emergencies, 2012.
6 UNEP Project Document
Figure 1: WHO Statistics On The Number Technological Disaster Reported between 1975 and 2012
Global framework
The international community- Member States, United Nations and non-governmental organizations- is
increasingly recognizing the importance of developing national capacity for overall disaster preparedness:
(i) The Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA) was signed by 168 governments in 2005 and emphasizes the need to strengthen disaster preparedness for effective disaster response at all
levels (Priority Five).
(ii) In addition, the UN General Assembly Resolution on International Cooperation on Humanitarian Assistance in the Field of Natural Disasters, from relief to development (UNGA A/RES/66/227)
“recognizes the importance of applying a multi-hazard approach to preparedness, and encourages
Member States, taking into account their specific circumstances, and the United Nations system
to continue to apply the approach to their preparedness activities, including by giving due regard
to, inter alia, secondary environmental hazards stemming from industrial and technological
accidents”.
(iii) The UNEP Governing Council Decision UNEP/GC.26/15 on Strengthening International Cooperation on the Environmental Aspects of Emergency Response and Preparedness (February
2011) stresses the importance of preventive action and preparedness to manage environmental
impacts of natural and man-made disasters, and therefore calls to provide countries, particularly
developing countries, with technological support, capacity development and resources for
prevention, preparedness and response.
7 UNEP Project Document
(iv) UNEP´s position paper on HFA-2 (the on-going process for developing the next global framework on DRR 2015-2025) recommends that HFA-related efforts should better recognize
technological hazards as threats to development, in both developing and developed countries and
requests that technological hazards be given priority in addressing disaster risk reduction.13
The importance of national disaster preparedness
The Inter-Agency Standing Committee (IASC) and the Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian
Affairs (OCHA) promotes the importance of national preparedness, and recognize the role of the member
states in addressing disaster risk. In 2013, the IASC, with support from its Task Force on Resilience and
Preparedness endorsed the “Common Framework for Preparedness” as part of the IASC Transformative
Agenda. OCHA follows this approach of national-led disaster management, supported by coordinated
action by international partners. Indeed, OCHA’s approach on disaster risk reduction recommends
engaging in comprehensive emergency response preparedness at the country level as building block for
addressing disaster risk.14
The 2013 study on the Integration of Environmental Emergencies in Preparedness and Contingency
Planning15
, commissioned by the Advisory Group on Environmental Emergencies (AGEE), found that
many countries, both developing and developed, have adopted measures to respond to environmental
emergencies including oil spills, and to a lesser degree, the accidental release of hazardous and noxious
substances. However, the study also highlighted the need for better awareness of environmental
emergencies to improve country-level emergency response and preparedness plans. A new (or improved)
preparedness framework at the national level is required to integrate environmental emergencies and other
potential emerging risks into disaster preparedness planning and emergency response. Strong
preparedness and response capacities are needed, and primarily at local and national level, to reduce
environmental damage, harm to and loss of lives and livelihoods caused by environmental emergencies.
Relevant skills include technical skills on industrial accident preparedness and response, coordination
skills (national and international assistance) and communication skills. Multi-hazard risk management
approaches are expected to provide opportunities to reduce risk at national levels in an efficient manner
by getting different authorities to work in a coordinated fashion16
.
In May 2013 the 10th AGEE meeting recommended supporting “nationally and regionally-led capacity
development initiatives to improve preparedness for environmental emergencies” and “to embed
environmental emergencies into comprehensive disaster risk reduction frameworks.”
Implementation Arrangements:
The project “Strengthening national and regional capacities for effective Environmental Emergency
Preparedness - Phase II” (EEP-II) will be implemented by the Joint UNEP/OCHA Environment Unit
(JEU), which has twenty years of international emergency response experience. The JEU combines the
humanitarian mandate of OCHA with the environmental expertise of UNEP, and is uniquely placed to
advance the topic of environmental emergency preparedness through its close linkages with both
environmental and disaster authorities. The JEU cooperates with a wide network of supporting countries
and their most experienced national environmental emergency responders. Thanks to the extensive JEU
network of partnerships with international and national organizations, the unit has been able to
13 UNEP Input into Post 2015 Framework on Disaster Risk Reduction., 2013 14 OCHA Position Paper. Position and Key Messages on Disaster Risk Reduction, 2013. 15 Cruz, A.-M., Integration of Environmental Emergencies in Preparedness and Contingency Planning, Joint UNEP/OCHA
Environment Unit, April 2013. 16 Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation. Special Report of the
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2012.
8 UNEP Project Document
successfully increase environmental emergency preparedness by supporting national capacity
development initiatives, by raising awareness, by conducting regional and national trainings and by
developing and disseminating internationally recognized response and preparedness tools.
This project, which constitutes a second phase to the JEU’s work in environmental emergency
preparedness, builds upon the project’s first phase, UNEP project nr. 21-P4, executed under the
Programme of Work 2010-2011 and 2012-2013. This phase led to the development and launch of the
EEC, as recommended by the 8th AGEE as a way to strengthen national capacities for effective
environmental emergency preparedness. As a result of the successful project, the EEC is now an online
knowledge hub designed primarily to provide national responders with a one-stop shop of all information
relevant to the preparedness, response and recovery stages of an environmental emergency. The EEC
contributes to awareness-raising and capacity development and enables expertise in the field of
environmental emergency response more widely available.17
The first phase of the project allowed the establishment of the EEC as an online space providing open
access to guidelines, advocacy tools, legal documents, interactive training courses and updates on current
environmental emergencies and events. Currently, five e-Learning modules are hosted in multiple
languages on the EEC. These are: 1) Beyond Response: better preparedness for environmental
emergencies, 2) Introduction to Industrial accidents: prevention, preparedness and response, 3) Disaster
Waste Management: best practices and tools; 4) Introduction to the Flash Environmental Assessment
Tool and 5) Environment in Humanitarian Action. 18
The establishment of the EEC has been a success. Within the last 12 months alone, the EEC online
training series has engaged over 500 users in 58 countries from government, non-government
organisations, United Nations agencies, private sector and academic institutions.19
At the same time,
feedback received during face-to-face workshops, as well as feedback received online through the EEC,
has indicated that there still is room for the further development of the EEC. Two needs stand out: 1) the
need for a specific knowledge manager to moderate discussion forums and maintain contact with national
disaster and environmental managers and responding to requests, and 2) the need for e-learnings and
guidelines in additional languages. These gaps will be addressed as part of the second project phase, and
will be informed by a comprehensive EEC evaluation undertaken in early 2015.
The project falls under the scope of the Disasters and Conflicts sub-programme’s work for 2014–2015,
where it contributes to the sub-programme’s first expected accomplishment to improve the capacity of
countries to use natural resources and environmental management to prevent and reduce the risk of
disasters and conflicts. more specifically, this project constitutes the main delivery mechanism for PoW
Output 212: “Risk information and training provided to countries in order to improve national
preparedness to respond to and mitigate acute environmental risks caused by conflict and disasters.”
17 UNEP Project Document: Strengthening National Capacities for Effective Environmental Emergency Preparedness. 2010. 18 Joint UNEP/OCHA Environment Unit. The Environmental Emergencies Centre. Brochure. 2013. 19 EEC Statistics Database, accessed by the Joint UNEP/OCHA Environment Unit, December 2013.
9 UNEP Project Document
3 Project Statement
This project aims to strengthen capacities for effective environmental emergency preparedness and
response in order to reduce environmental damage, harm to and loss of lives and livelihoods caused by
such events. By improving existing tools and maintaining a global knowledge sharing platform, the
project will seek to strengthen national capacities in four target countries with a high risk for
environmental emergencies. It builds on successful capacity-development programmes implemented by
the JEU and its partners during the past decades, and on the pilot phase of the Environmental Emergency
Centre and other JEU-supported preparedness activities.
Expected results and outcomes
The project works under two outcomes aimed at raising awareness of environmental emergency risk and
through this - strengthening self-reliance for environmental emergency management on national level.
The project works under two outcomes:
1) Environmental emergency preparedness is reflected in policy frameworks and promoted through the Environmental Emergencies Centre;
2) At least four at-risk countries considerably enhance their self-reliance to manage environmental emergencies;
1. Environmental emergency preparedness is reflected in policy frameworks and promoted through the Environmental Emergencies Centre
Work under the first project component builds upon the recommendations of a number of recent studies
undertaken by the JEU. Project activities will address the gap in disaster preparedness planning policy
frameworks by promoting closer alignment of environmental emergency management with disaster
management20
. The need for closer communication between the two communities is also the
recommendation of a recent study on integration of environment into humanitarian action21
.
Disaster risk reduction and management tools must include recommendations on how to prepare
adequately and effectively for environmental emergencies, including how to address secondary
environmental impacts from industrial and technological hazards. In addition, disaster response guidelines
should include considerations of the environmental vulnerabilities that may cause and drive crises.
Factoring in environmental concerns in response is fundamental in order to ensure the sustainability of
response actions and facilitate recovery.
The first project component encompasses the revision and strengthening of existing global disaster
preparedness guidance to reflect environmental emergency risk. Adequate consideration of environmental
factors in global disaster preparedness and response guidance will help to establish the common
knowledge base needed to design and implement consistent preparedness measures at country level.
The first project activity is to conduct and disseminate to donors, UN agencies and national governments
a study on environmental emergency risk. The results of this study and the study on integration of
20 Cruz, A.-M., Integration of Environmental Emergencies in Preparedness and Contingency Planning, Joint UNEP/OCHA
Environment Unit, April 2013. 21 Joint UNEP/OCHA Environment Unit, 2014, Environment and Humanitarian Action: Increasing Effectiveness, Sustainability
and Accountability, Geneva Switzerland.
10 UNEP Project Document
environment in humanitarian action will be used to inform the integration of environmental aspects into
relevant humanitarian programme cycle guidance, including that on preparedness. In particular,
recommendations for integrating key environmental risk factors into IASC core preparedness guidance
(Emergency Response Preparedness - ERP) will be made22
. Integration of environmental emergency risk
factors and environmental considerations into inter-agency and inter-governmental guidance and tools
will be carried out in close cooperation with IASC partners. The first project component links closely to
ongoing global policy processes on disaster risk reduction, and the project will contribute to these agendas
through OCHA and UNEP policy work.
In addition to integrating environmental risk aspects into global disaster preparedness tools, the project
will improve existing environmental emergency preparedness tools. These will be developed in close
coordination with disaster and environment communities, thereby promoting a multi-hazard approach, as
specified in UNGA A/RES/66/227. Existing JEU environmental emergency preparedness tools and
methodologies will be further enhanced and made available globally for use by member states. The Flash
Environmental Assessment Tool (FEAT), an existing tool to identify existing or potential acute
environmental impacts that pose risks to humans, human life-support functions and ecosystems following
sudden-onset natural disasters, will undergo a revision and be separated into two parts – a tool for
addressing secondary impacts of industrial and technological accidents as part of disaster response23
, and
as a tool for mapping chemical hazards as part of disaster preparedness. Guidelines for the use of FEAT-
preparedness and FEAT-response will be updated and disseminated to encourage the integration of
industrial hazards into disaster management frameworks.
In response to utilization thus far and forthcoming requests, this project will strengthen and expand the
EEC and its capacities and services will be subject of further development, promotion and utilisation. In
early 2015, an evaluation of the EEC will be undertaken to analyse its current use and identify key gaps
and areas of improvement. The evaluation recommendations will be used to inform the EEC’s
improvement– looking into options for new information sharing services, such as global, regional and
sub-regional discussion forums, and expansion of the resources database including tools, studies and
lessons learned, as well as the language availability of these resources. The EEC is currently available in
English with parts of resources available in French, Spanish and Russian. The review and subsequent full
expansion into all these languages will ensure that it continues to offer national users the necessary
resources, knowledge and support to continuously improve and update preparedness frameworks at the
national and regional level. Experts from partner organizations will support the EEC activities by
contributing to the development and expansion of these resources, participating in technical discussions
on the EEC forum and promoting the EEC amongst their networks as a “one-stop-shop” for
environmental emergency preparedness.
2. National authorities in target countries have the tools and skills to assess environmental emergency risks and to implement environmental emergency preparedness measures
Building on the results of the first project component, the second component will provide comprehensive
environmental emergency preparedness support meeting the specific needs and requirements of national
stakeholders in identified target countries. Activities will be conducted in four pilot countries located in
four geographical regions – Asia Pacific24
, Caucasus and Central Asia25
, Middle East and Northern
22 Analysis and recommendations made to the MPP includes capacity needs assessment packages. 23 Such secondary impacts can include contamination of agricultural fields, water bodies, groundwater or other part of the
environment – which in turn will have socioeconomic impacts on nearby communities. 24 Focusing on the following countries: Bangladesh, Indonesia, Myanmar, Nepal, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka 25 Comprising Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan.
11 UNEP Project Document
Africa26
, Southern Africa27
. The methodology for country selection is explained in the chapter “National
and Regional Relevance”.
Country support will be designed based upon a capacity gaps and needs assessment and will be
implemented specifically to reinforce existing nationally-led disaster management policies and plans.
National ownership will guarantee that the support provided meets local and national requests and needs.
Level of national ownership is evaluated as part of country selection (see Annex 2. JEU Engagement
Criteria). The nature and scope of support to be provided will be developed as part of national action
plans, which in turn build upon needs assessments. The needs assessment will work with national
stakeholders to map out the specific country environmental emergency priorities. The needs assessment
will be conducted at national and local levels targeting:
- National disaster management authorities (NDMAs); - Ministries of Environment, Industry and Agriculture; - Firefighting units; - NGOs active in environmental management / emergency response.
Based on the outcomes of the needs assessments, environmental emergency workshops will be designed.
Topics covered will include:
Key Concepts and Disaster Risk Reduction
Environmental Emergencies
Multi-hazard risk Assessment
Hazard Identifications Tool
Awareness and Preparedness for Emergency
at the Local Level (APELL)
Disaster Waste Management exercise
Flash Environmental Assessment Tool
(FEAT)
Contingency and Preparedness Planning
International Response and Work Plan –
introducing EE
At the workshop national stakeholders will develop priority actions for improving their countries
environmental emergency preparedness. Partner organizations listed under “Project Implementation
Structure” will be asked to make experts available to assist in the execution of these workshops.
Based on the action plans, dedicated follow-up support will be made available by partner organizations
and the joint unit. JEU support will be primarily technical in nature, and will take the following forms:
- Industrial hazard mappings; - Specific28 assessments; - On-the-job trainings; - Inclusion of environmental emergency preparedness into national disaster risk reduction plans; - Supporting industrial accident preparedness and prevention (in partnership with UNEP DTIE); - Working to integrate environmental considerations into disaster risk reduction (in partnership
with UNEP PCDMB and linking to eco-based DRR);
- Working with partners on the topic of environmental emergency preparedness.
The role of the JEU is to collaborate with long-term international and national partners, providing specific
expertise and added value to ongoing interventions. Involvement of national and international partners
26
Covering UNEP Office for West Asia countries Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, the Occupied Palestinian Territories, Syria, Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates and Yemen, as well as OCHA Regional Office for Middle East
and Northern Africa additionally covers Afghanistan, Algeria, Egypt, Iran, Libya, Morocco, Pakistan, Tunisia and Turkey. For
the purpose of EEP-II the countries of both UNEP ROWA and OCHA ROMENA will be considered. 27 Comprising Angola, Botswana, Comoros, Lesotho, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Seychelles, South
Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe 28 For example on disaster waste management, industrial accident preparedness or mining and tailings management assessments.
12 UNEP Project Document
will also be assessed as part of the engagement strategy. Coordination and alignment with UNEP and
OCHA regional offices is already on going, to ensure that the project fits into long-term strategies of
country support. JEU will provide added value to UNEP and OCHA partnerships by assisting in liaising
between national counterparts (primarily disaster management and environmental management) and other
international partners such as international conventions, regional organizations, technical experts within
various areas, and others, to ensure that the implementation of national activities is supported by those
specific partners and mechanisms with the appropriate mandate and expertise.
Resource Mobilization Strategy for the project
The total budget of the project is approximately USD 2 million, of which almost 1 million is planned for
country-level activities. A number of JEU partners are willing to contribute to this project, primarily
through making experts available for country assessment and support (expert fees and travel costs).
Switzerland has committed to funding part of the project (approximately 20%) as part of the 2014 Swiss
presidency of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE)29
. Switzerland’s
contribution is funding the activities planned in the region of Central Asia and Caucasus.
The project document has been shared with the JEU Strategic Advisory Group on Environmental
Emergencies (SAGEE), in order to explore opportunities for joint programming and possible in-kind
contributions from SAGEE members. The project document will additionally be the basis for joint UNEP
and OCHA fundraising by the senior management. Reliance on local staff from UNEP and OCHA
regional offices is needed to keep travel costs minimal, especially in the event that full funding would not
be achieved.
With funding available, four milestones under Output 1 (M1.1 – M1.4) will be delivered. The successful
delivery of Milestone 1.5 is dependent on additional funding. Under Output 2, the target for delivery with
current funding is two countries (with complete funding, the target is four countries). Under Output 3,
milestones M3.1 and M3.2 will be delivered with current secured funding.
National and Regional Relevance
Activities will be conducted in four pilot countries located in four geographical regions – Asia Pacific
30,
Caucasus and Central Asia31
, Middle East and Northern Africa32
, Southern Africa33
. These four regions
were chosen and represent a wide geographic spread in combination with a high number of countries at
high risk for environmental emergencies34
. Within these four regions, individual target countries are in the
process of being identified in consultation with regional offices of OCHA and UNEP. Country selection
has been initiated with the development of an Environmental Emergency Risk Index (EERI). The EERI
builds upon existing humanitarian, development and environmental performance indices, primarily the
InfoRM35
. InfoRM is a way to measure the risk of humanitarian crises that identifies where crises
requiring international assistance may occur and analyses that risk so it can be better managed by
29 Carried out through the project “Strengthening Environmental Emergency Preparedness Capacities in OSCE Region” 30 Focusing on the following countries: Bangladesh, Indonesia, Myanmar, Nepal, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka. 31 Comprising Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. 32
Covering UNEP Office for West Asia countries Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, the Occupied Palestinian Territories, Syria, Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates and Yemen, as well as OCHA Regional Office for Middle East
and Northern Africa additionally covers Afghanistan, Algeria, Egypt, Iran, Libya, Morocco, Pakistan, Tunisia and Turkey. For
the purpose of EEP-II the countries of both UNEP ROWA and OCHA ROMENA will be considered. 33 Comprising Angola, Botswana, Comoros, Lesotho, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Seychelles, South
Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe 34 Study on Environmental Emergency Risk, Joint UNEP/OCHA Environment Unit, April 2013. 35 Index for Risk Management. http://inform.jrc.ec.europa.eu
13 UNEP Project Document
everyone. The EERI looks at the InfoRM risk elements of hazards, vulnerabilities and capacities – adding
key environmental emergency elements in order to get an understanding of those countries most at risk of
environmental emergencies. The EERI captures two elements more than any other known index in the
humanitarian sector: technological hazards and environmental vulnerability.
Currently (October 2014) the top five36
countries in each region are being assessed in consultation with
regional UNEP and OCHA offices against the JEU engagement criteria (Annex 2 and EERI results in
Figure 2). As a result of this assessment, one country in each region will be identified out of these five
top-EERI-scoring countries. Engagement criteria takes into account factors such as the existence of
international and national partners in-country, the opportunity to embed interventions into the country’s
broader capacity development initiatives and align with United Nations Development Assistance
Framework (UNDAF). Interventions will fully take into account other inter-agency initiatives and will be
in line with the IASC Common Framework for preparedness. Consultations with member states on
possible support and engagement in the project will be carried out through UNEP and OCHA regional
offices.
Figure 2: Top 30 countries most at risk of environmental emergencies according to the EERI
Support to national disaster and environmental authorities to address environmental emergencies will
benefit the population in these four target countries. Populations in developing countries are affected the
hardest by disasters and crises, including environmental emergencies. They are particularly affected by
the vulnerability dimension of risk, as they usually lack economic means to reconstruct and rebuild their
livelihoods after an emergency, and their Governments cannot ensure adequate social safety nets for times
of crisis. Risks of environmental emergencies are exacerbated by climate change and unregulated
urbanization trends.
36 Comprising of the following. In Asia Pacific: Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea and Timor Leste; In Southern
Africa: Angola, Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania and Zimbabwe; In the Middle East and North Africa: Afghanistan, Pakistan,
Syrian Arab Republic, Yemen and Iran; In Central Asia and Caucuses: Tajikistan, Azerbaijan, Kyrgyzstan, Georgia and
Uzbekistan.
14 UNEP Project Document
Stakeholder Analysis and roles
The principal stakeholders of the project are the national, state/provincial/regional and local
representatives from operational agencies and line ministries involved in humanitarian and environmental
activities, as well as private sector members and civil society organizations, including national
disaster/emergency management authorities, national environment authorities, regional and local
authorities, ministries of industry, trade, economy, (occupational) health and their regional and local
organizations, emergency response representatives, industry associations and chambers of commerce.
While the project will work at national level, local communities in countries at risk, who are the ones
directly affected by the impact of environmental emergencies, often incurring major loss of life and
livelihoods, will benefit from a successful outcome of the project and from strengthened national
capacities to be better prepared for, and respond to environmental emergencies. Where priority actions at
local level are identified as part of the consultations and workshops, local communities in that area will be
consulted and closely involved in project implementation. Ownership is crucial for this project to be
successful and the participation of local and national stakeholders from the outset of the project is
imperative on top of a comprehensive assessment identifying the target countries. Ownership will be
strengthened by linking the project to on-going national programmes, and by ensuring that activities are
designed by national partners at the environmental emergency workshop at the start of country activities.
The first project component is equally directed to staff from international and regional organisations, both
in headquarters and in regional/country offices. The EEC is a resource centre for staff involved in
humanitarian and environmental activities at the international level, UN agencies (UN Country Teams,
UNDP, WHO, FAO, UNEP, OCHA, UNISDR, World Bank, CADRI), regional organizations, national
focal points, civil society organizations and private sector members, and academics from around the
globe. The support of the international community to keep environmental emergencies high on the agenda
is vital for this project. A solid communications and awareness strategy, developed in collaboration with
UNEP DCPI, will accompany the establishment of the virtual resource centre to trigger and keep the
interest of the stakeholders to access and utilise the EEC.
The second project component will involve cooperation and consultation with international and local staff
located in the four target countries (such as UN country teams and international NGOs). The third project
component does not only target the technical national staff from low and middle-income disaster prone
countries, but
Gender Analysis
Gender differences will be taken into consideration throughout the entire project and at all levels. Tools
and guidelines will remind users that disasters affect women, men, boys and girls differently, and that
gender issues must be integrated into preparedness planning and procedures. This message together with
an emphasis on the opportunities that originate from gender differences in terms of disaster mitigation
will accompany the general awareness raising efforts of the JEU and its partners in presentations to
conferences and workshops, in developing and conducting trainings, in publications and when meeting
with stakeholders. The participation of female national staff in trainings, workshops, conferences and
country assessments will be encouraged. Partners providing technical experts will be asked to equally
propose male and female experts and gender disaggregated data will be collected as part of all data
collection activities. The biannual evaluation of the EEC, building further on statistics already collected,
will collect gender- and age-disaggregated data to evaluate the extent to which the EEC is successful in
reaching a wide audience.
15 UNEP Project Document
When supporting local and national preparedness planning, the different perspectives and needs of men
and women will be taken into consideration. Additionally, specific gender and age elements related to
environmental emergency risk elements like vulnerabilities and capacities, will be taken into account
when designing national actions. The EEC will give attention to gender differences both in its online
communications tools and in its discussions, and will refer to key guidelines and tools in this regard –
such as the UN Action Plan on Disaster Risk Reduction for Resilience, which advocates for the need to
reflect gender and age sensitivities in disaster preparedness. The project will encourage participation of
female representatives of national agencies and will disseminate lessons learned and good practices on
gender in disaster management, in collaboration with UNEP DCPI.
Indigenous People analysis and strategy
Although the project does not particularly focus on indigenous people’ knowledge of environmental
management, they are seen as a part of the local population. Depending on the specific project activities
and topics of engagement, indigenous people’s needs will be specifically addressed. This could, for
example, include the issue of landowners’ rights in the vicinity of mining operations, or other key
concerns. Indigenous people are expected to benefit equally from the project outcome in terms of better
preparedness for natural and man-made disasters, including industrial accidents, and in terms of reduced
impacts of the latter on their lives, livelihoods and environment. Where indigenous knowledge -based
practices are known to reinforce disaster preparedness and risk reduction, these will be integrated into the
project.
Cost-effectiveness
The project offers cost-effectiveness through a number of factors. First and as mentioned in the
introduction to this project, investment in preparedness efforts is less costly than response to natural
disasters. Second, the project explicitly builds on established partnerships of the JEU, as demonstrated
through cooperation arrangements in a number of previous past activities. Third, the project builds on
almost twenty years of environmental emergency response experience, and lessons learned will thus
automatically flow into the activities under this project. Fourth, the combined efforts of environmental
and humanitarian communities will provide additional leverage in terms of fundraising.
The project will foster a closer cooperation between disaster management, disaster risk reduction and
environmental communities, reinforcing sustainability and cost effectiveness of current and future disaster
management endeavours. Through linking activities of a number of partners, the overall impact of
environmental emergency preparedness activities will be increased and the comparative advantage of
partners combined.
Another advantage of the project in terms of cost-effectiveness is that it combines two different yet
complementary components thus providing the basic tools and guidelines, assisting in terms of
implementation and offering sustainability through a permanent online resource centre. The combination
of two components offers a comprehensive and lasting framework for environmental emergency
preparedness and decreases the risk that one of these components will need to be repeated in the near
future. The EEC component covers a niche and has the potential to reach a vast amount of users with a
relatively small input. Standing partnerships with international and regional organisations will enable
outside expertise to be shared through the EEC at a small cost. The first component is therefore a
relatively inexpensive undertaking whose results can be easily spread globally and amongst a wide variety
of stakeholders. Revising existing guidelines and tools enhances the likelihood that environmental
emergency risk considerations are integrated in the activities of partner organizations and implemented
throughout the disaster management cycle. The second project component is more expensive, but will be
fairly cost-effective for UNEP due its leverage potential of in-kind contributions. A comprehensive
16 UNEP Project Document
capacity assessment and subsequent prioritization of target countries guarantees that countries are selected
based on the potential for actual change and replicability of the project in other countries.
Project Sustainability Strategy
Sustainability of results is the guiding principle of the project which is demonstrated in its approach and
in particular through its first component. As mentioned above, ownership of local, national and regional
stakeholders is vital in order to guarantee this sustainability. Stakeholders in target countries will need to
have the necessary capacity to maintain this level of ownership in order to further institutionalize
environmental emergency frameworks at the national level and remain accountable to the final
beneficiaries, namely the local population. In-country training and workshops, and the development of the
industrial accident preparedness and response guidelines (FEAT), serve to strengthen the knowledge and
skills of civil servants, disaster managers and environmental experts. Staff changes can be partly
overcome by continuously offering training services to incoming staff members through the EEC, and by
sharing expertise through online moderated discussions. Particular attention will be paid to the integration
of environmental emergency considerations into existing governmental disaster management plans, and to
the overall integration of the project’s outputs into the relevant disaster management frameworks of the
target countries (such as national plans of action for DRR, UNDAFs, etc.). The support and follow-up of
UNEP and OCHA regional offices will be an important condition in order to guarantee the sustainability
of efforts after the end of the project.
After the completion of the project, the JEU will remain available to liaise between potential donors and
country officials requesting further assistance in specific areas of work. Support is assured through the
support available through the EEC to share information, improve guidelines and access trainings. Finally,
institutional support is also fostered through the standard activities of JEU staff in conferences,
workshops and other events to promote the importance of environmental emergencies and to share latest
trends and updates.
In terms of exit strategy, the results of the project will flow naturally into the standard activities of the
JEU and its partners based on a thorough evaluation of the project outcomes and of the functioning of the
EEC, feedback from project partners and consideration for future work plans of the JEU. The moderation
of the EEC will be an integral part of its work plan, while follow-up assistance in the target countries will
be handed over to experienced partners with the necessary capacity and expertise. For example, industrial
hazard mapping will logically lead to the development of country projects on Awareness and
Preparedness for Emergencies at Local Level (APELL) or Chemical Accident Prevention and
Preparedness (CAPP) programmes, which would then be taken on board by UNEP DTIE37
.
Project Replicability and Mainstreaming Strategy
Successful project outcomes in the four target countries may lead to the request of additional countries for
similar assistance after the end of this project. The activities under the second project component, except
for the adaptation of the FEAT and the ihID, can be replicated should a request be forthcoming and
funding is available. Trained national staff will be requested to liaise and assist other countries in need of
technical assistance, thus fostering South-South cooperation on environmental issues.
37 One such case is Madagascar, where industrial accident risk assessments carried out by JEU have led to the request of a CAPP
and APELL programme by national authorities.
17 UNEP Project Document
Public Awareness, Communications Strategy
Revised and updated existing guidelines and tools, in particular the Minimum Preparedness Package, will
be communicated and disseminated by the responsible units in OCHA and through the Inter-Agency
Standing Committee, in particular through its Task Force on Preparedness and Resilience. In addition, the
project results will be reported through the awareness raising channels of the JEU, and through OCHA
and UNEP. These include the biannual Environmental Emergencies Forum, news articles, social media
releases, video films and photo stories. The project will link strongly to the UNEP DCPI led project
“Global Strategic Communication, Education, Capacity-Building and Outreach Package for the Disasters
and Conflicts Subprogramme" which shares best practices and success stories from all projects across the
disasters and conflicts portfolio.
The EEC will play a key role in communicating the results of the project and in disseminating
newsletters, updates, lessons learned/good practices, publications or other public information that results
from the project. A communications strategy for the EEC will be developed with input from UNEP DCPI.
It is foreseen that this will include at least the following activities: bi-monthly newsletter to registered
EEC users (highlighting recent EEC developments, trainings and events, as well as an eLearning user
champion interview); daily monitoring of eLearning completions, user evaluations and dissemination of
certificates; bi-weekly launch of new topic on the EEC discussion forum and daily monitoring and
contributions; weekly update of EEC latest news and events calendar; 12month forecasting of advocacy
events/platforms for EEC presentation, annual statistical analysis of EEC and eLearning module user
feedback and dissemination of corresponding lessons learned report, and as the opportunity presents,
include EEC in other emergency preparedness workshops and trainings and report back on outcomes.
Planned publications include reports on key topics related to environmental emergency preparedness.
Use of Legal Instruments
As all project financing will be received through the UNEP Trust Fund for Environmental Emergencies,
all contracting and other legal agreements will be processed through UNEP, according to the
organization’s legal guidelines.
Individual consultants will be hired to carry out specific work, including studies. Letters of agreement, or
similar written statements, will be signed with the national focal point in the four target countries.
Project Implementation Structure
Activities in this project will be implemented and managed by the Joint UNEP/OCHA Environment Unit
(JEU). The JEU is the United Nations emergency response mechanism that mobilizes and coordinates
international assistance to countries facing environmental emergencies and natural disasters with
significant environmental impacts. The JEU was set up in accordance with recommendations of a 1993
governmental meeting, and formalized in July 1994 by the heads of the UN Department of Humanitarian
Affairs (DHA) and UNEP.
The JEU is integrated into and administered by OCHA’s Emergency Services Branch – in close
coordination with UNEP/DEPI´s Post-Conflict and Disaster Management Branch. The latter will play an
integral part in advancing the project and overseeing the implementation. The project will be managed by
a project manager within JEU, who will report to the chief of JEU, who in turn will report to the UNEP
DEPI Director.
18 UNEP Project Document
The implementation of the work of the JEU is supported by the Strategic Advisory Group on
Environmental Emergencies (SAGEE). The SAGEE advises the UNEP Executive Director and the Under
Secretary-General for Humanitarian Affairs/ Emergency Relief Coordinator on environmental emergency
issues through the JEU. The role of the SAGEE is to identify future risks and priorities, advocate for
increased support to environmental emergencies and generate strategic partnerships and resource hubs.
The project document was shared with SAGEE members at a meeting in February 2014. The SAGEE will
be in a key role when it comes to monitoring and oversight of the project results. The project results will
also be communicated with the constituents of the Environmental Emergencies Forum (EEF). The EEF is
an open Forum and serves as a platform for information exchange, networking and to establish
partnerships in the field of Environmental Emergencies.
The project will benefit from the close collaboration with several UNEP branches, divisions and regional
offices, such as PCDMB and DTIE (Division of Technology, Industry and Economics). With PCDMB,
collaboration is foreseen primarily on the topic of environmental emergency risk index, and possibly on
the topic of environmental emergency risk arising from extractive industries. Additionally, close
collaboration is foreseen with PCDMB on policy work related to disaster risk reduction – ensuring
streamlining of OCHA and UNEP messages related to environmental emergencies, disaster risk reduction
and resilience. Collaboration with DTIE is foreseen primarily through the APELL programme, hosted by
the Sustainable Consumption and Production Branch. In Central Asia and Caucasus the project will also
profit from the established international cooperation framework Environment and Security Initiative
(ENVSEC), of which UNEP is a founding member.
The role and engagement of UNEP divisions will depend on their interest to be involved. Financing
(travel and DSA) for their full participation in country-based activities has been allocated in the project
budget, but participation and engagement will ultimately be the choice of individual offices, branches and
divisions. In particular, the following UNEP divisions will have a specific role within the project:
DTIE will contribute their expertise and methodologies in chemical accident prevention and
preparedness, and in particular its experience in implementing APELL programme at the local level and
Project Manager
Joint UNEP/OCHA Environment unit
Operational Partner
Agencies EEF SAGEE
OCHA UNEP
DTIE DEWA Regional Offices
DCPI
19 UNEP Project Document
Chemical Accident Prevention and Preparedness Programme projects through the Flexible Framework
Initiative at the national level38
. JEU and DTIE activities are mutually beneficial and complementary in
that JEU focuses more on mapping and response, while DTIE focuses on institutional aspects and
prevention. In particular, DTIE will be a natural partner in terms of providing follow-up training and
technical assistance on institutional and legal frameworks to countries to improve national and local
preparedness to respond to and mitigate environmental risks. DTIE will provide technical support to
various training events and will also continue to contribute to the EEC in terms of sharing of expertise,
case studies and guidance materials, in particular on success stories and best practices on the
implementation of the APELL process. The EEC already hosts sub-pages on CAPP and APELL.
DELC, as Contributing Division for output 3 under PoW EA (a) of the Disasters and Conflict
subprogramme will also provide training and technical assistance on institutional and legal frameworks to
countries.
DEWA will contribute to the work on environmental emergency risk by supporting with information
management and multi-hazard mapping, advising on capacity development regarding risk assessments,
supporting capacity-building to assess environmental states and trends, and strengthening capacity for
data and information management.
DCPI will support in disseminating of information on best practices and in raising awareness through the
regional offices by informing and coordinating through the Regional Information Officers weekly
teleconferences.
Regional offices (in particular ROA, ROE, ROWA and ROAP) will provide support to the work at the
regional level, assist in the prioritization of countries at risk and identify countries’ gaps and needs in
terms of environmental emergencies preparedness. They can identify partners as well as lessons learned
to be shared among the communities of practice, as well as advocate and raise awareness on
environmental emergencies. The Regional Offices will also play an important political liaison and
coordination role with countries in order to tackle the risk of a lack of national ownership, and jointly
promote the country assistance, offered under project component two, in the selected countries to the
national authorities, and to the UN Country Team.
The following external partner agencies will contribute to the project:
The Inter-Agency Standing Committee (IASC) Task Force on Resilience and Preparedness will be a key partner for including environmental emergency preparedness and response indicators into their
preparedness efforts, and to ensure that activities are undertaken in line with the Common Framework
for Preparedness. The IASC will be a major platform for the promotion of and awareness-raising on
the importance of environmental emergencies. (comp. 1)
OCHA will support the project when it comes to the updating and use of international disaster preparedness and response tools, including the OCHA Emergency Response Preparedness (comp. 1).
OCHA Regional Offices (Central Asia and Caucasus, Southern Africa, West and Central Africa, Asia
and Pacific, Latin America and Caribbean) will assist in collecting information to prioritize countries
at risk and to identify target countries for the second project component. They will offer support to
the national activities (comp 2), as well as to the dissemination of relevant tools and guidelines
through the EEC (comp 1).
38
Contributing to PoW on Chemicals and Waste
20 UNEP Project Document
The International Federation of the Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) has in-depth expertise on legal preparedness for natural disasters through its Disaster Law Programme. It will be
invited to make this expertise available to interested country officials, share it through the EEC and to
adapt its materials (especially the IDRL Guidelines) to include information on environmental
emergencies. (comp. 1 and 2)
Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) will cooperate with the Joint Environment Unit in supporting environmental emergency preparedness in Southeast Asia and in organizing regional
consultations. (comp. 1)
Capacity for Disaster Reduction Initiative (CADRI) will work with the Joint Environment Unit to promote and integrate environmental emergencies in the context of disaster risk reduction and support
national and regional-level strategic planning exercises and long-term capacity development
programmes. (comp.1)
The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) is a partner for raising awareness on Natech Risk Management. (comp.1)
The Swiss 2014 Chairmanship of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) is committed to supporting the JEU in supporting environmental emergency preparedness in
the Caucasus and Central Asia and in organizing regional consultations. (Cooperation between the
Joint Environment Unit and the OSCE in 2014 will take place under the second component of this
project. OSCE Chairmanship activities aim to adopt the “Beyond Response: better preparedness for
environmental emergencies” approach to the OSCE context in South Caucasus, Central Asia and
Afghanistan. The OSCE will contribute through capacity development activities to component two,
including through the mechanism of Envsec. (comp. 1 and 2).
Envsec (Environment and Security) Initiative is s a partnership of six international organizations –OSCE, Regional Environment Centre for Central and Eastern Europe (REC), UNDP, United Nations
Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), UNEP, and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization
(NATO) as an associated partner – with specialized, but complementary mandates and expertise, that
provides an integrated response to environment and security challenges. JEU has collaborated with
Envsec on a number of missions – most recently to address arsenic waste legacy issues in Georgia –
and will continue to do so in the project region of Central Asia and Caucasus. A similar arrangement
could be possible in Africa in collaboration with the United States Africa Command (U.S. Africom).
(comp. 2)
UNDP Bureau for Crisis Prevention and Recovery (BCPR) is the leading expert organization for crisis prevention and recovery within UNDP. It will provide crucial information on placing
environmental emergency preparedness and response in the overall framework of natural disaster risk
reduction and recovery efforts, and will guarantee the inclusion of early recovery aspects in JEU
activities. BCPR will share its expertise through the EEC. (comp. 1 and 2)
UNDP Country offices/UN Country teams will be a key partner in working with national authorities to provide in-country assistance on strengthening their preparedness. The Country Offices
and Regional Offices will be consulted and asked to provide support in establishing contacts, linking
to ongoing environmental and disaster risk reduction initiatives and in jointly implementing priority
actions. The close involvement of a UNDP Country Office will also provide the JEU assistance with
the relevant links to overarching UN in-country strategies and plans. (comp. 2)
21 UNEP Project Document
The United Nations Institute for Training and Research (UNITAR) will continue to be a crucial partner of the JEU to share information on new developments on technologies. Possibly they could
provide support to the mapping of hazardous installations in targeted countries through its
Operational Satellite Application Programme (UNOSAT), at the example of hazard mapping in
Kenya carried out in June 2013. Mutual participation in relevant conferences and workshop will be
organized to encourage information-sharing. (comp. 2)
The United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), and in particular its Convention on the Transboundary Effects of Industrial Accidents, has relevant expertise when it comes to legal
preparedness for transboundary industrial accidents. UNECE is a close partner in the OSCE region
and can take on follow-up the work in-country after the capacity development activities of the project
are completed.(comp 2)
The Swedish Civil Contingencies Agency (MSB) is a key partner to support in-country preparedness efforts, building further on past joint projects. MSB will provide experts in-kind to give technical
assistance to be deployed to target countries, organize training courses and continue to develop
content for e-learning. (comp. 1 and 2)
The Swiss Development Cooperation (SDC) is a key partner to support in-country preparedness efforts, building further on past joint projects with the JEU. SDC will provide experts in-kind to give
technical assistance to be deployed to target countries, organize training courses and continue to
develop content for e-learning. SDC is the main partner for activities in Caucasus and Central Asia
(comp. 2)
The European Union Civil Protection Mechanism (EUCP) will provide environmental experts and disaster managers in-kind to visit the target countries, possibly through joint missions, and to share its
expertise through the EEC, including collecting and disseminating lessons learned in recent
emergencies. The EUCP will continue to promote environmental emergency preparedness throughout
its activities and guidelines. (comp. 1 and 2)
22 UNEP Project Document
4 Risk Analysis
Table 4: Project Risk Log
RISK LOG
Risk Description Category Impact
Severity Likelihood
Risk Management
Strategy & Safeguards
By When/
Whom?
1 Lack of ownership at national
level. Targeted countries do
not demonstrate the political
willingness and commitment
to address the environmental
dimensions of disasters and
conflicts.
Political High Medium The selection of the target
countries is based on
demonstrated political
commitment. Furthermore, full
engagement with national
authorities early on in the project;
continuous dialogue and follow-
up to explain their interest in
better preparedness; raising
awareness of the environmental
dimensions of disasters and
conflicts; identification of country
counterparts and facilitation of
dialogue by involving country and
regional offices.
JEU, UNEP
and OCHA
Country and
Regional
offices
2 Lack of political support at
international level.
Preparedness for and response
to environmental emergencies
is not seen as a vital factor for
reducing human loss and
environmental damage to
lives and livelihoods by all
relevant stakeholders.
Political High Low Early and continuous advocacy
with the international community;
participation in relevant
workshops and conferences to
continue raising awareness;
regular updates on trends and
developments on environmental
emergencies.
UNEP and
OCHA
3 Change in commitment from
partners which translates into
no experts made available
through donor network for
assessments, trainings and
sharing of expertise on the
EEC.
Organizational/
Financial
Medium Low Project document takes into
consideration priorities of partner
organizations. Building further on
long-standing partnerships and
continuous involvement during
the project cycle.
JEU
4 EEC not able to establish a
qualitatively high reputation
and is not properly used.
Organizational Medium Low EEC to be made easily accessible
for users, continuously promoted
and constantly monitored and
updated; regular evaluations
guarantee the EEC responds to
needs of users.
JEU, UNEP
and OCHA
5 A major environmental
emergency occurs in one of
the target countries during the
project implementation.
Potential negative
environmental
and social
impacts
High Medium Comprehensive risk assessments;
national preparedness frameworks
improved in an efficient and
effective manner responding to
the real needs of the target
country and its population.
JEU, project
partners and
national
authorities of
target
countries
23 UNEP Project Document
5 Theory of Change and Logical Framework
This project contributes to the Sub-Programme on Disasters and Conflicts in PoW 2014-2015 and more
particularly to Expected Accomplishment (1) to improve the capacity of countries to use natural resources
and environmental management to prevent and reduce the risk of disasters and conflicts. The project
outcome, namely to strengthen national response preparedness to environmental emergencies in targeted
countries, is expected to reduce the harm to environment, people and livelihoods from disasters and
conflicts. The project consists of three types of activities, contributing to two outputs supporting national
readiness for environmental emergencies. Project outputs also support the drivers of commitment and
engagement towards environmental emergency preparedness by supporting financial, human and
technical capacity development.
Figure 1. Project Theory of Change
24 UNEP Project Document
Table 5: UNEP Logical Framework1
Relevant Expected Accomplishment in the Programme of Work:
The capacity of countries to use natural resource and environmental management to prevent and reduce the risk of disasters and conflicts is improved.
1. Project Outcome Indicators Means of Verification
Readiness for environmental emergencies in
vulnerable countries reduces the harm to
environment, people and livelihoods
Key global guidelines and tools on disaster preparedness integrate an analysis of underlying
causes and drivers of environmental emergency risk
(Baseline 0, Target 2; MPP and FEAT);
National stakeholders in target countries involved in capacity development activities express perceptions
of increased ability to address elements of
environmental emergency preparedness (80% of
participating national stakeholders);
The EEC is increasingly used as a global reference tool on the topic of environmental emergency
preparedness (Baseline 500 registered users, Target
100% increase).
Revision of key global guidelines and tools for inclusion of environmental risk;
Analysis of feedback from workshop, assessment and training participants;
Final assessment in target countries;
Statistics on online information exchange, feedback and discussions on the EEC.
Project milestones that show progress towards achieving the project outcome Expected Milestone
Delivery Date
M1 Global guidelines on disaster preparedness are reviewed and updated to include environmental risk aspects; EEC utilisation, as measured by #
of registered users, reaches increase of 100% September 2015
M2 Capacity development activities on key environmental emergency risk aspects have been implemented in four target countries; September 2016
2. Project Outputs: Indicators Means of Verification PoW-EA Output
A) Existing key global disaster preparedness
tools are revised to reflect environmental
emergency risk and made available through
an enhanced EEC platform
% of identified existing disaster preparedness tools and guidelines in the Minimum Preparedness Package
reviewed and updated to reflect environmental
emergency risk (Baseline 0, Target 100%);
FEAT updated to include preparedness section (Baseline: Preparedness section does not exist,
Target: FEAT updated into preparedness and response
sections)
Level of user satisfaction of revised tools (Baseline 0, Target 75% of users are satisfied when asked yes or
no).
Increase in number of registered EEC users completing eLearning modules (Baseline N/A,
Target 20% increase);
Additional eLearning modules available to users
Revision of key global guidelines and tools for their inclusion of
environmental risk such as
secondary impacts including
Industrial Accidents;
Revised tools available on EEC;
Communication with international partners;
Activity reports of Country Offices
EEC website user analysis and statistics,
Online user satisfaction questionnaires;
Annual survey to registered users
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through the EEC (Baseline 0, Target 5)
% increase in number of users engaging in EEC discussion forum (Baseline NA, Target 10%
increase);
% increase in the number of users following EEC discussions forum; (Baseline NA, Target 20%
increase)
Level of EEC user satisfaction (Baseline NA, Target; Average score 3 out of 5 of all responses with 5 as
maximum score)
assessing the level of satisfaction
of accessibility and services
provided by the EEC;
Monitoring of the EEC discussion forum.
Project output Milestones: Expected Milestone
Delivery Date
M1.1 Study on environmental emergency risk criteria conducted and results disseminated; Dec 2014
M1.2 Baseline data on EEC user interests and satisfaction collected, analysed, disseminated and incorporated; June 2015
M1.3 The Flash Environmental Assessment Tool is revised and available for use as a disaster response and preparedness tool; June 2015
M1.4 Global disaster preparedness tools and guidelines within the MPP updated to reflect environmental emergency risk Dec 2015
M1.5 Online EEC resource centre has been effectively maintained, with all resources still fully accessible to all users. July 2016
B) Training, advisory services and other
capacity-development activities delivered to
national authorities in four target countries –
providing them the tools and skills to assess
environmental emergency risk and to
implement environmental emergency
preparedness measures
Number # of countries scoring high (top 30 globally – see annex) against environmental risk criteria
participating in relevant capacity development
activities (Baseline 0, Target 4);
Number # of new/revised national environmental emergency preparedness tools and methodologies
developed and accessible to target audience (Baseline
0, Target 2);
Level of satisfaction of national implementation team with the implementation in 4 target countries
(Baseline 0, Target 75% of members of
implementation team is satisfied when asked yes or
no);
Percentage of national stakeholders involved in capacity development activities who feel that they are
more prepared for environmental emergencies at end
of project (Baseline 0, Target 80%);
Number # of target countries with documented action plans for the submission of funding proposals for
projects related to environmental emergency
preparedness (Baseline 0, Target 4).
Number # of target countries in which capacity development activities have been implemented
Comparison of identified target countries with humanitarian risk
index and environmental
emergency risk criteria;
Assessment of development/revision status of
tools and methodologies;
Analysis of capacity development workshop and training surveys
and feedback forms;
Review of targeted country frameworks and workplans in the
final phase of the project for the
consideration of preparedness
measures for environmental
emergency risks and climate
change.
Conduction of capacity development activities in country.
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(Baseline 0, Target 4)
Project Milestones: Expected Milestone
Delivery Date
M2.1 Roll out the Beyond Response Approach in Caucasus and Central Asia in cooperation with the OSCE Dec 2014
M2.2 In consultation with Regional Offices, four target countries identified and consultations initiated; Feb 2015
M2.3 Environmental emergency preparedness capacity development workplans are developed in four target countries, in consultation with relevant
regional and national stakeholders;
Nov 2015
M2.4 Capacity development workshops and trainings conducted in target countries; Feb 2016
M2.5 Follow-up activities identified and fundraising initiated by national counterparts. Sep 2016
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6 Monitoring & Evaluation
Monitoring Plan
The Project will follow UNEP standard reporting and evaluation processes and procedures. Reporting is
an integral part of the Project Manager’s responsibility, including getting the