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 PROJECT REPORT ON BANKING THE PROJECT IS DEVELOPED BYTANMOY SANYAL
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PROJECT REPORTON BANKING

THE PROJECT IS DEVELOPED BY— TANMOY SANYAL

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CONTENT HISTORY OF BANKING  1 Origin of banking

  2 Need of banking

  3 Early beginning of banking

 HISTORY OF INDIAN BANKINGo  Nationalization of banking

o  Liberalization of banking

 ABOUT RBI

 SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT

 LEGAL ISSUE

 INDIAN ECONOMY

 TOP THREE INDIAN BANK

 GLOBAL ECONOMY

 CHANGING TRENDS IN BANKING SECTOR

I WANT TO IMPLEMENT DETERRENTS OF BUSINESS

a)  MANPOWER,b)LICENSES c)POWER d) IT e) REAL ESTATE f) COMPITITION

g)TAXATION h) SHRINKING MARKET i)MERCHANDISE j)FUNDING

 FUTURE VISION AND GOLES.a)  WHAT I LEARNED FROM THE PROJECT?

b) WHAT DIFFICULTIES DID I FACE?

c) 

TEAM WORK, RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS. BIBLIOGRAPHY

SOURCE OF INFORMATION

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 HISTORY OF BANKING

The first banks were probably the religious temple of ancient world, and were probably

established sometime during the 3rd

millennium B.C. Banks probably predated the invention of 

money. Deposits initially consisted of grain and later other goods including cattle , agricultural

implements, and eventually precious metals such as gold, in the form of easy-to-carry

compressed plates. Temples and palaces were the safest places to store gold as they were

constantly attended and well built. As sacred places, temples presented an extra deterrents to

would be thieves. There are extant recordes of lones from the 18th

century BC in Babylon that

were made by temple priest to merchants. Ancient Greece holds further evidence of banking.

Greek temples, as well as private and civic entities, conducted financial transaction such as

lone, deposits, currency exchange, and validation of coinage.

  ORIGIN OF BANKING

Pythius, who operated as a merchant banker throughout Asia Minor at the beginning of the 5th

 century BC is the first individual banker of whom we have records. Many of the early bankers in

Greek city states were “metics” or foreign residents. Around 371 BC Pasion, a slave, became the

wealthiest and most famous Greek banker.

The fourth century BC saw increased use of credit-based banking in the Mediterranean world.

In Egypt, from early times, grain had been used as a form of money in addition to precious

metals, and state granaries functioned as banks.

In the late third century BC the barren Aegean island of Delos, known for its magnificent harbor

and famous temple of Apollo, become a prominent banking center. As in Egypt, cash

transaction were replaced by real credit receipts and payments were made based on simpleinstructions with accounts kept for each client. With the defeat of its main rivals, Carthage and

Corinth, by Romans, the importance of Deols increased. Constantly it was natural that the bank

of Deols should become the model most closely imitated by the banks of rome.

Ancient Rome perfected the administrative aspect of banking and saw greater regulation of 

financial institutions and financial practices. Charging interest on loans and paying interest on

deposits became more highly develop and competitive.

  NEED OF BANKING 

Beginning around 1100, the need to transfer large amount of money to finance the Crusadesstimulate reemergence of banking in western Europe. By 1200 there was a large and growing

volume of long distance and international trade in number of agricultural commodities and

manufacture goods in western Europe, including corn, wool, finished cloth, wine, salt, wax and

tallow, leather goods and weapons and armor.

  EARLY BEGENING OF BANKING 

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Modern economic and financial history is usually traced back to the coffee houses of London.

The London Royal Exchange was established in 1565. At that time moneychangers were already

called bankers, though the term “bank” usually referred to their offices, and did not carry the

meaning it does today.

Global banking and did capital market services proliferated during the 1980s and 1990s as aresult of a great increase in demand from companies, governments, an financial institutions.

Oldest National bank :- Bank of Sweden, the rise of the national banks, began operations in

1668.

Oldest Private bank :- Monte dei Paschi di siena 1472- present, the oldest surviving bank in

the world. Founded in 1472 by the Magistrate of the city state of Siena, ITALY.

 EARLY BANKING IN INDIA

Banking in India originated in the last decades of the 18th century. The oldest bank in existence in India

is the State Bank of India, a government-owned bank that traces its origins back to June 1806 and that is

the largest commercial bank in the country. After India's independence in 1947, the Reserve Bank was

nationalized and In 1948, the Reserve Bank of India, India's central banking authority, was nationalized,

and it became an institution owned by the Government of India and given broader powers.

NationalisationBy the 1960s, the Indian banking industry has become an important tool to facilitate the development of 

the Indian economy. At the same time, it has emerged as a large employer, and a debate has ensuedabout the possibility to nationalize the banking industry. Indira Gandhi, the-then Prime Minister of India

expressed the intention of the GOI in the annual conference of the All India Congress Meeting in a paper

entitled "Stray thoughts on Bank Nationalization." The paper was received with positive enthusiasm.

Thereafter, her move was swift and sudden, and the GOI issued an ordinance and nationalized the 14

largest commercial banks with effect from the midnight of July 19, 1969. A second dose of 

nationalization of 6 more commercial banks followed in 1980. The stated reason for the nationalization

was to give the government more control of credit delivery. With the second dose of nationalization, the

GOI controlled around 91% of the banking business of India

Liberalisation

In the early 1990s, the then Narsimha Rao government embarked on a policy of liberalization, licensing asmall number of private banks. These came to be known as New Generation tech-savvy banks, and

included Global Trust Bank (the first of such new generation banks to be set up), which later

amalgamated with Oriental Bank of Commerce, UTI Bank(now re-named as Axis Bank), ICICI Bank and

HDFC Bank. This move, along with the rapid growth in the economy of India, revitalized the banking

sector in India, which has seen rapid growth with strong contribution from all the three sectors of banks,

namely, government banks, private banks and foreign banks.

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Currently (2007), banking in India is generally fairly mature in terms of supply, product range and reach-

even though reach in rural India still remains a challenge for the private sector and foreign banks. In

terms of quality of assets and capital adequacy, Indian banks are considered to have clean, strong and

transparent balance sheets relative to other banks in comparable economies in its region. The Reserve

Bank of India is an autonomous body, with minimal pressure from the government. The stated policy of 

the Bank on the Indian Rupee is to manage volatility but without any fixed exchange rate-and this has

mostly been true.

 FUNCTION OF RESERVE BANK OF INDIA

Monetary authority

  Formulates, implements and monitors the Monetary Policy, announced twice a year.

  Announces the Credit Policy, announced twice a year - in April it announces new policy

initiatives, the October pronouncement is a review of the April policy. Objective:

Maintaining price stability and ensuring adequate flow of credit to productive sectors.

  Maintain optimum Liquidity in the economy.

System of Note issue

  RBI Maintains Minimum Reserve System for Note issue.

This means that RBI can issue any amount of currency notes provided it keeps the minimum

statutory limit of Rs.200 crores worth Gold and Securities.

Regulator and supervisor of the financial system

  Prescribes broad parameters of banking operations within which the country's banking

and financial system functions.

  Objective: maintain public confidence in the system, protect depositors' interest and

provide cost-effective banking services to the public. The Banking Ombudsman Scheme

has been formulated by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) for effective redressal of 

complaints by bank customers.

Manager of exchange control

  Manages the Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999.

  Objective: to facilitate external trade and payment and promote orderly development

and maintenance of foreign exchange market in India.

Issuer of currency 

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  Issues and exchanges or destroys currency and coins not fit for circulation.

  Objective: the main objective is to give the public adequate supply of currency of good

quality and to provide loans to commercial banks to maintain or improve the GDP.

The basic objectives of RBI are to issue bank notes, to maintain the currency and credit

system of the country to utilize it in its best advantage, and to maintain the reserves. RBImaintains the economic structure of the country so that it can achieve the objective of 

price stability as well as economic development, because both objectives are diverse in

themselves.

Developmental role

  Performs a wide range of promotional functions to support national objectives.

  To incubate or establish financial institutions of national importance, for e.g: IDBI

NABARD, ICICI. 

Related functions 

  Banker to the Government: performs merchant banking function for the central and the

state governments; also acts as their banker.

  Banker to banks: maintains banking accounts of all scheduled banks.

  Owner and operator of the depository (SGL) and exchange (NDS) for government bonds.

There is now an international consensus about the need to focus the tasks of a central

bank upon central banking. RBI is far out of touch with such a principle, owing to the

sprawling mandate described above.

TYPE OF BANK AND THER USES

Public banks Private banks

  Use not restricted.

  No remuneration collected 

  Usage subject to availability 

Private banks 

  For use of the family 

  Facility paid for by the family 

   Availability guaranteed  

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 SUPPLY CHAIN IN BANKING/FINANCIAL SYSTEM

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 LEGAL ISSUSE

LICENSE TO START A BUSINESS – 

APROVAL FOR NAME OF THE PROPOSED COMPANY

An application in from No. 1A needs to be field with the Registrar of Companies (ROC) of the

state in which the Registered office of the proposed Company is to be situated. The application

is required to be signed by one of the promoters. The details to be state in the said application

are as follows :--

  Four alternative names proposed company for the company. (The name can be coined

names form the objects of the proposed company or the names of the directory, etc.

but should definitely be indicative of the main object of the company. Justification for

the name needs to be specified along with the application)  Name and addresses of the promoters (Minimum 7 for a public company while 2 for

private company).

  Authorized capital of the proposed company.

  Main objects of the proposed company.

  Name of other group companies. On submitting the application, the ROC scrutinizes the

same and sends the approval/objection in about 10 days to the applicant. On fulfilling of 

the objections a formal letter of name approval is issued. The document required to be

executed for incorporation. The following documents are required to be

executed(Single) before they are submitted to the ROC.Memorandum of association and article of association

Name approval letter in original.

Power of attorney signed by all the subscribers of MOA authorizing one of the

subscribers or any other person to act on their behalf for the purpose of incorporation

and accepting the certificate of incorporation.

The requirement for a Private Limited Company

  A registered business name

  Registered office

  Share capital  Share holders

  Memorandum of association

  Articles of association

  Certificate

  Auditor

  Accounts

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  Registers etc

  Company seal

 

  INDIAN ECONOMY 2007-2008 

The Indian economy continued to record robust growth in 2007-08, although marginally lower

than the last year. According to the revised estimates released by the Central Statistical

Organisation (CSO) in May 2008, the real GDP growth was placed at 9.0 per cent during 2007-08

as compared with 9.6 per cent in 2006-07

 TOP THREE BANKS IN INDIAN INDUSTRY1)  STATE BANK OF INDIA

2)  ICICI BANK

3)  HDFC BANK

OWNERSHIP 

STATE BANK OF INDIA- Central govt. undertaking.

ICICI BANK- ICICI BANK Ltd. 

HDFC BANK- HDFC Bank Pvt. Ltd. 

 MARKETING STRATEGY

OF,

1)  State bank provide mainly Business lone, Home lone, Housing lone.2)  For the needy student it also provides Education lone.

3)  State bank provide the service through 5000 ATM, over 1000 branches through out the

hole nation.

4)  State bank also provide the service through internet, called NET banking.

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5)  Recently State bank and BHARTI AIRTEL TELECOM make a agreement, the result of 

which is Mobile Banking. This is a type of service by which a huge number of people are

access banking service through Cell phone.

6)  State bank also given the facility of DEBIT card, CREDIT card. The credit card facility is

provided by the STATE bank with a private group.7)  State bank also provide online application of education lone, personal lone, home lone,

business lone.

8)  Through this type of service the banks are attracts more customer.

OF,  

1)  HDFC bank provide mainly home lone, housing lone, agriculture lone.

2)  HDFC bank provide net banking throughout the country by 573 branches and over 2300

ATM. You can transfer funds from your savings/current account to your credit cardaccount, using your ATM card at HDFC bank ATM center.

3)  HDFC bank provide NRI banking, (NRI banking is a service through which we can send or

receive money from out side from India)

4)  International wire transfer (transfer money from selected international location to

India, with HDFC bank.)

5)  HDFC bank also provide online application of education lone, personal lone, home lone,

business lone.

6)  HDFC bank provide Phone banking, by it one can instruct the HDFC Bank phone banking

officer to transfer the funds from your Savings/current account into your Credit Card

account.

7)  Once you have registered yourself for HDFC bank Net banking fac ility, you can transfer

funds from your savings/ Current account into your Credit Card account. This facility is

absolutely hassle-free and can be done at your own comfort.

OF,  

1)  ICICI mainly provide education lone, housing lone, home lone, personal lone.

2)  ICICI bank also provides business lone.

3)  ICICI bank also gives the service of DEBIT card and CREDIT card.

4)  ICICI bank also provides the net banking is a service through which we can send or

receive money through Internet.

5)  ICICI bank also gives cash lone.

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6)  ICICI bank provide NRI banking, (NRI banking is a service through which we can send or

receive money from out side from India).

7)  Recently ICICI BANK and Bhrati Airtel TELECOM make a agreement, the result of which is

MOBILE BANKING. This is a type of service by which a huge number of people are access

banking service through CELL PHONE.8)  ICICI bank also provide online application of education lone, personal lone, business

lone.

9)  ICICI bank corporate Internet Banking (CIB) is a one stop for all your online banking

needs. It gives you the power to execute critical bank transaction instantly from your

office locations with no time lags and hence is an indispensable tool in today’s 24x7 high

speed business world.

 TRENDS IN THE MARKET IN THE BANKINGSECTOR

  Some of the major strengths of the Indian banking industry, which have helped mark its

place on the global banking scene as highlighted by our survey respondents were

Regulatory Systems (84.21%), Economic Growth Rate (63.15%), Technological

Advancement (52.63%), Risk Assessment Systems (47%) and Credit Quality (42.1%)

  Some of the areas that need to be geared up for future growth, identified by the survey

respondents are Diversification of markets beyond big cities (84.2%), HR Systems

(63.15%), Size of banks (52.63%) High Transaction Costs (47.3%), Banking Infrastructure(42%) and Labour Inflexibilities (42%).

  To a question on achieving global competitiveness, Consolidation in the financial sector

has emerged to be the most significant measure required to create world class banking

system followed by Strict Corporate Governance Norms, Regional Expansion, Higher FDI

limits and FTA’s. 

  On being asked to rate India on certain essential banking parameters (Regulatory

Systems, Risk Assessment Systems, Technological Systems and Credit Quality) in

comparison with other countries i.e China, Japan, Sinagapore, Russia, UK and USA, the

following results emerged:

  75 per cent of the foreign bank’s respondents rated their working experience in India as

“ extremely good”. Given India’s potential over the next decade and beyond, 100 percent foreign banks respondents stated that they have formulated strategies for future

expansion in India. 

  55 per cent of the respondents highlighted that the FTA’s signed by India till now have

helped enhance global trade and thus been of help to banks in their global expansion

strategy.

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  On possible Comprehensive Economic Co-Operation Agreement (CECA) with EU, 85 per

cent of domestic banks respondents also emphasized that India should not give full

domestic status to EU based banks under the proposed India-EU CECA.

  69 per cent of respondents stated that 20  – 30 % proportion of their total Income is

constituted by fee-based incomes.  Bancassurance and selling of mutual funds were

recognized as the most tapped business opportunities by the bankers closely followedby Forex Management. Out of these selling of mutual funds was identified as the most

profitable venture by 47 per cent of respondents.

  The penetration of banking services to Indian households stands at a mere 35.5%. Some

of the efforts highlighted to increase this penetration level were: Tapping the Rural

markets (87.5 per cent respondents) and Opening more branches in Tier II and Tier III

towns (62.5 per cent respondents)

Review of Macroeconomic

Developments during 2007-08 

  Reserve money increased by 30.9 per cent (Rs.2,19,326 crore) during 2007-08 as

compared with 23.7 per cent (Rs.1,35,935 crore) in the previous year. While currency in

circulation rose by 17.2 per cent (Rs.86,606 crore) in 2007-08 as compared with the

increase of 17.1 per cent (Rs.73,523 crore) in the preceding year,

  gross profits ratio estimated at 11.8 per cent, 12.8 per cent and 15.3 per cent in the first

three quarters of 2007-08 Commercial banks' investment in Government and other

approved securities increased by 22.9 per cent (Rs.1,81,222 crore) during 2007-08

significantly higher than 10.3 per cent (Rs.74,062 crore) in 2006-07.

  The growth of real gross domestic product (GDP) in 2007-08 was placed at 8.7 per centby the Central Statistical Organisation (CSO) in its advance estimates released in

February 2008.

  Real GDP originating in agriculture and allied activities is estimated to have risen by 2.6

per cent in 2007-08, lower than 3.8 per cent in the previous year.

  Real GDP originating in industry rose by 8.6 per cent in 2007-08 as compared with 10.6

per cent in the previous year.

  Corporate activity experienced some moderation in growth relative to the recent past

but continued to remain healthy during 2007-08.

 GLOBAL ECONOMYAccording to the World Economic Outlook (WEO) of the International Monetary Fund (IMF)

released in April 2008, the forecast for global real GDP growth, on a purchasing power parity

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basis, is expected to slow from 4.9 per cent in 2007 to 3.7 per cent in 2008 as compared with

the projection of 4.1 per cent published in January 2008 and 3.8 per cent in 2009. World real

GDP growth, on the basis of market exchange rates, is estimated to decelerate from 3.7 per

cent in 2007 to 2.6 per cent in 2008 and 2009.

  In the US, real GDP grew by 0.6 per cent in the first quarter of 2008 as compared with

2.1 per cent a year ago and 4.9 per cent in the previous quarter.  Real GDP in the Euro area grew by 2.3 per cent in the first quarter of 2008 on a year-on-

year basis as compared with 3.3 per cent a year ago.

  The Japanese economy grew by 3.7 per cent in the first quarter of 2008 as compared

with 2.2 per cent a year ago.

  The Chinese economy grew by 11.9 per cent in the first quarter of 2008 as compared

with 11.1 per cent a year ago.

  India’s Steps towards Global Competitiveness

0

1

2

3

4

5

Consolidation Strict CorporateGovernance

Norms

RegionalExpansion (Bothwithin India as

well as Outside)

Higher FDI limits FTA's

Global Strategies for Indian Banking System(Overall Mode score of all banks)

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Of the many Asia Pacific countries, China, Taiwan, South Korea and India will continue to

influence the development of the Asian markets. China and India are one of the fastest growing

economies in the world as evident from the graphs below.

 CHANGING TRENDS IN THE MARKET (BANKING

SECTOR)  With the interest income coming under pressure, banks are urgently looking for

expanding fee-based income activities. Banks are increasingly getting attracted towards

10.5

8.37.5

5.6 5.5 5.3 5.14.5

4

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

%Real GDP Growth Rate

27.6

13.4

9.9

8.1 7.7 6.4 6.45.1

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

%

Loan Growth

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activities such as marketing mutual funds and insurance policies, offering credit cards to

suit different categories of customers and services such as wealth management and

equity trading. These are indeed proving to be more profitable for banks than plain

vanilla lending and borrowing. 69 per cent of respondents stated that 20  – 30 %

proportion of their total Income is constituted by fee-based incomes. 

  It is time that Indian banks capitalize upon the untapped potential of the rural markets.

Rural India is now being viewed more as an opportunity than as a challenge. 44 per cent

of respondent banks perceived Rural markets as difficult but Profitable market whereas

43 per cent view it as Lucrative and Profitable Market. Improving macro indicators like

better education, higher income levels and comfort with technology clearly indicates

the rural India’s potential of massive economic upsurge. 

Selling of MutualFunds 73.6%

Bancassurance73.6%

Forex Management68.4%

WealthManagement

21.05%

DerivativesTrading 36.8%

New Business Opportunities tapped by banks

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On an average an Indian bank sells 1.4 products to every customer whereas in Spain it is 1.8, in

UK 2.6, in Norway it is about 2.7 and in France it is about 3. Indian banks acknowledged the

need to expand their product portfolio as endorsed by 94 per cent of our survey respondent

banks.

HINDRANCE FACED DURING INTRODUCTION OF NEW PRODUCTS

Lucrative andProfitable44%

High Cost Market &Difficult Market12%

Difficult yetProfitable44%

Perception about Rural markets by Banks

0

20

40

60

80

DeliveryChannels

ClosedCustomerMindset

RegulatorySupport

Knowledgeand efforts

made by theground level

personnel

80

40

20 20

%

Hindrances faced during introduction of New Products

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 INNOVATIVE IDEASI WANT TO LIKE IMPLIMENT:-

Banking has gone from an industry that attracts stability-seekers to a revolving door. The bank

that transforms its supervisors into interpersonal risk managers will find greater ease atnavigating the rapidly changing banking landscape and avoiding the inherent legal and financial

risks that go along with it.

COMMUNICATING WITH THE EMPLOYEES :-- Whether its implementing new technology or

integrating operations during a merger, bankers must know how to successfully lead their

employees through periods of change. Transitions are a time of high employee stress,

uncertainty and fear. This often leads to poor morale, interpersonal conflict, decreased

productivity and negative bottom line consequences, to overcome this problem, bankers may

follow certain things.

HELPING THEIR EMPLOYEES MANAGE STRESS :-- One of the most difficult challenges bankers

face is dealing constructively with stressed-out employees. Stress can easily disrupt work

relation when employees are uncertain or overloaded, their communication is driven by

attempt to reduce their discomfort and control the situation rather than responding to the

cues, wishes or feelings of others, hence by recognizing stress-induced employees and

discussing their problem with them it will them to reduced the stress.

COMMUNICATING EARLY BANKING :-- bankers must communicate clerly, consistently and

credibly benefit from lowerturnover, lower absenteeism, fewer grievances field, and better

coordination, both inside and outside the organization. During times of uncertainity,

interpersonal risk managers articulate a clear vision of the company’s future, including the

benefits of change to the bottom line.

REDUCING UNNECESSARY EMPLOYMENT LIABILITY :-- The banker must know what bothering

their employees. They should skillfully apply the appropriate use of coaching, counseling and

discipline to remove such problems of their employees, and motivate their employees toward

peak performance.

INVESTING IN EMPLOYEES :-- A bank’s competitive edge depends on outstanding customers

must give increasing authority to the people who interface with their customer on a daily basis.

Interpersonal risk managers understand the direct link between employee satisfaction and

customer service and invest in their employees by, empowering their employees and focus on

their employees.

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 USE OF TECHNOLOGY

Now a days, the world is totally depends upon the technology. Technology is needed everywhere it may

be the field of study it may be the field of business or in the Govt. administration or even in the field of 

banking.In the field of banking the use of technology is massive. In present day we can observe that the

banking sector totally depends upon the internet and computer. The use of technology in banking sector

is written below – 

1)  The bank accounting now is totally done by the help of computer.

2)  Each and every branch of a bank are connected through the internet service, through

which the banks are exchange data.

3)  “Core banking” this is a service with the help of which customer must access the

banking service throughout the country and can be possible by only one bank account in

any core banking branch.

4)  In present days people can send or receive money or access any other banking service

throughout the nation from any where by internet, this is called NET-BANKING.

5)  ATM, is a service that allow people to access cash from any where any time, this is also a

machine based service.

6)  A very new service namely the “PHONE-BANKING” is recently introduced. It is a type of 

banking service which is access from anywhere by a GPRS enable mobile phone.

  Technology has given birth to a new era in banking. Technology can be the key

differentiator between two banks and a major factor to attain competitive edge. Though

slow in the beginning, Indian banks seem to have paced up in adoption of advanced

technology, as is evident from our survey results. Technological systems of Indian bankshave rated more advanced than China and Russia; at par with Japan, but less advanced

than Singapore, UK and USA. INDIA 67%, CHINA 52%, RUSSIA 47%, UK 78%, USA 82%,

SINGAPORE 71%. 

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

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 DETERRENTS OF BUSINESS

A) Manpower :- Manpower is the most important & greatest strenght in a business.Because major part of the industry is controlled by the manpower.. If the manpower is

become insufficient in a telecom sector, then it will become harmful for the business. So

for the establish of a good industry, a huge manpower is needed.

B)  Licenses :- To start a business the factor of legal issues will arise. Licence of govt. must

be needed.to start a business.And the company should follow the legal rules very

actively.So, it is very necessary to be very clear about the licences and the legal issues.

C)  Power :. Without the power industrialization is not possible, because now a days each

and every industry and other official sector is totally depends upon the various

electronic machines.And in case of telecommunications companies the total thing is

dependent upon the power. The company or the industry should keep their eye on the

availability of the power. Because if the industry is not getting the power which is

actually needed very badly, then total process of communication will be shattered.

D)  IT :- Information technology is the very essential matter in the field of telecom

industry. A company can avail all informations by this technology. IT is important for the

telecom industry for the collection of datas or informations at the right time.such as the

current market trend, public demand, changing trends in the daily industries.

E)  Real estate :- Real estate is the another very important component to established a

industry. Insufficient real estate is the bigggest problem for the growing industry like

telecommunication. An organisation needs a suitable land to build a company. Without

good real estate it is impossible to establish a good business. .

F)  Competition :- competition is actually the aggressions of the companies one against

another. In the virtue of competition the products of the companies are getting

sometime better and better. But somtime also qualities of the product become so worst

that customers face the problem.

G) Taxation :- Taxation has most valuable criteria. There are many types tax which have to

be given by the company and also by the customers, such as- Sale tax, Purchase tax,

Import tax, Export tax, VAT and many more.But company should give all the taxes in

time to the govt..

H) Shrinking market : - A telecommunication industry always keep their eyes on the

current rates of the product, changing trends of the market. Because if a company

doesn’t know what is going on in the market, then it would be a negative sign for the

industry.

I)  Merchandise :- Quality of a product is the big issue for a industry.In the industry like

telecom, the companies always try to sale good qualities of product and it is very

difficult to maintain the quality of the product. But if the company fail to do so then it

will make a very bad effect on the reputation of the company.

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J)  Funding :- Money in business is sounding like giving password in a computer i.e. money

is the keyword in the business. Every step of business need money. Anything you need

in business like real estate, good communication technology, these are only achieved by

the money or by a good investment..

 FUTURE VISION AND GOALS

1)  From this project I learned that from where the banking idea was invented.

2)  About the history of banking.

3)  How this banking service developed.

4)  I learned about the banking system in India.

5) 

I learned the use of technology in Indian banking sector.6)  Present day banking sector.

7)  The quality of a service which attract more customer.

8)  What type of difficulties are faced by the bank, and how they overcome this.

9)  Many other factor such as man power, power, IT, quality of a product, business process

in banking sector, etc how they effect in a banking sector

10) And finally I learned that how to make a project on business sector, how the project is

develop, because I have no idea of project making before this project.

 DIFFICULTIES FACED DURING WORKTEAM WORK :- It is a pair project and the time of team working faced some problem.

Because we both live in different place so there is a big problem. 

RESEARCH and ANALYSIS :- It is my first project, before that I have no experience of 

project making. From this project I have learned how can I make a project. The “legal

issue” making is too hard for me, because I have to read legal book. 

GAPS IN UNDERSTANDING :- Being no idea about the project making I worked hardto make this project, and do a lot of information analysis. My friend Rajdeep Saha(MBA)

give me some valuable idea. At the next time I try to do more better. 

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 BIBLIOGRAPHY

  http://hdfccreditcards.com/

  http://www.statebankofindia.com/foreignoffices.jsp

  http://www.statebankofindia.co.in

  http://www.rbi.org.in/home.aspx

  http://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/28877/

  http://www.rbi.org.in/scripts/BS_SpeechesView.aspx?Id=399

  www.crisil.com/crisil-young-thought-leader-

2007/dissertations/Dissertation_MariaMathew.pdf -


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