Project Report Rakesh

8/8/2019 Project Report Rakesh

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MOBILE CONTROLLED LAND ROLAR

2010-2011

Major Project Report

Submitted toward partial fulfillment of the Degree of

Bachelor of EngineeringIn

Electronics & Tele Communication Engg .

GUIDED BY:- SUBMITTED BY:-

PROF. ANURAG SHRIVASTAVA RAKESH KU. GOTHWALNAVEEN MUKATIPRITI YADAVPANKAJ VYASMAHESH CHANDRA SONI

Department of Electronics & Tele Communication Engg.Shri G.S. Institute of Technology & Science , indore


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CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Rakesh Ku.Gothwal, Naveen Mukati, Mahesh Chandra

Soni, Pankaj Vyas, Priti Yadav have satisfactorily completed the major Project

phase-1 titled Mobile Controlled Land Rolaras required for the final year B.E.

(PTDC) examination year 2010-2011 leading to award of degree of Bachelor of

Engineering (Electronics & Tele Communication Engineering) .

Internal Examiner External Examiner


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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We offer our sincere appreciation to all of the people providing support to this

project. To create something in words is quite a difficult task, that too without

anybodys co-operation and help.

We are grateful to Prof. L D Malviya (Electronics and Communication Department,

SGSITS, INDORE) for his important guidance and motivation in the project which

proved to be an immense support to us. His boosting attitude and incredible co-

operation was a great support to the performance we had pnt in during the project.

First and foremost we would like to pay the depth of gratitude with sense of heartfeltand indebtness to Prof. Anurag Shrivastava a (Electronics and Communication

Department, SGSITS, INDORE) our project guide for his valued help and guidance.

It was only due to her sincere help and efforts that we are able to complete this

project And finally thanks to all the others, too many to mention, who helped us in

completing the project work.

Mahesh Chandra soni

Naveen Mukati

Rakesh Ku. Gothwal

Pankaj Vyas

Priti Yadav


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DESIGN OBJECTIVETO DESIGN CELL PHONE OPERATED LAND ROVER which can be operated usingRF circuit to overcome the limited working range of remote control and to providelarger coverage area.

So, we designed cell phone operated land rover which can be operated where thearea is available and we can use land rover at most of the places.

We can control up to 10 devices. It may be any electric or electronic appliances or devices with simple to heavy appliances. Each device is given a unique code.

It makes accurate switching, without any false switching of device.

To perform any operations through remote phone line, the user needs to dial to thelocal telephone (to which the interfacing circuit is connected) then the respectivecode of the device is dialed.

We can control devices from local telephone.


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SHRI G.S. INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & SCIENCE, INDORE

INTRODUCTIONControlling devices using switches are common. From a few decades controlling

devices using remote control switches like infrared remote control switch, wirelessremote control switches, light activated switches are becoming popular. But thesetechnologies have their own limitations. Laser beams are harmful to mankind.

Some technologies like IR remote control are used for short distance applications. Insuch case if we have system which does not require any radiations or which is notharmful, long remote control switch!! Yes here is the solution. Here we areintroducing a system which does not require any radiations, any laser beam whichhas no limitation of range; I mean it can be used from any distance from meters tothousand kilometers using a simple telephone line or mobile phone.

Here we are using a telephone as a media, which serves main part of this system, by

using home phone as a local phone and another phone, either landline or mobilephone as a remote phone.

Robotics is an interesting field where every engineer can showcase his creative andtechnical skills. In this competitive world there is need for every enthusiastic, fromamateur to professional, to make a simple robot having innovated application andwith robust control

Mobile phones today became an essential entity for one and all and so, for anymobile based application there is great reception. In this scenario making a mobilephone operated land rover is a good idea.

Although the appearance and capability of robots vary vastly, all robots share thefeature of a mechanical, movable structure under some form of control. This controlof robot involves three distinct phased-perception, processing and action. In commonthe preceptors are sensor mounted on the robot, processing is done by onboardmicrocontroller or processor and task (action) is performed using motor or with someother actuators

Conventionally, Wireless controlled robots use RF circuits, which have thedrawbacks of limited working range, limited frequency range and limited control. Useof a Mobile Phone for Robotic control can overcome these limitations. It provides theadvantage of robust control, working range as large as the coverage area of theservice provider, no interference with other controllers and up to twelve controls.

The control of robot involves three distinct phases: PRECEPTION, PROCESSINGand ACTION.

PRECEPTION: Perception is due to sensors mounted on the robot.

PROCESSING: Processing is done by the on-board microcontroller.

ACTION: Action (task) is performed using motors or with some other actuators.

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Overview of Project:In this project the robot is controlled by a mobile phone which makes a call to the

mobile phone attached to the robot. In the course of a call if any button is pressed atone corresponding to the button pressed is heard at the other end of the call. Thistone is called DTMF tone. The robot perceives this DTMF tone with the help of aphone stacked in the robot. The processing of the received tone is done by AT89C51microcontroller IC with the help of DTMF decoder IC, MT8870. The decoder decodesthe D1MF tone in to its equivalent binary digit and this binary number is sent to themicrocontroller. The microcontroller is preprogrammed to take a decision for anygiven input. The microcontroller directs motor drivers to drive the motor either inforward or backward motion or a run. Any mobile which a call to the mobile phonestacked in the robot will act as remote. So. this a simple robotics project which evendose not require the construction of receiver and transmitter kits, but has an

innovated application of cell phone robust control.Dual-tone multi-frequency (DTMF) signaling is used for telephone signaling over theline in the voice-frequency band to the call switching center. The version of DTMFused for telephone tone dialing is known by the trademarked term Touch Tone.DTMF assigns a specific frequency (consisting of two separate tones) to each key sothat it can easily be identified by a microcontroller. The signal generated by a DTMFencoder is a direct algebraic summation, in real the amplitude of two sine(cosine)waves of different frequencies i.e. pressing 5 will send a tone made by adding1336Hz and 770Hz to the other end of the line.

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3.2 SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM & DESCRIPTION:

Fig1: Block Diagram of Cell Phone Operated Land Rover

Description:

The received DTMF tone is processed by the AT89C51 microcontroller with the help

of DTMF decoder MT8870. The decoder decodes the DTMF tone into its equivalent

binary digit and this binary number is sent to the microcontroller. The microcontroller

is preprogrammed to take a decision to motor drivers in order to drive the motors for

forward or backward motion or a turn. The mobile that makes a call to the mobile

phone stacked in the robot acts as a remote. So this simple robotic project does not

require the construction of receiver and transmitter units.

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DTMF signaling is used for telephone signaling over the line in the voice-frequency

band to the version of DTMF used for telephone tone dialing is known as touch-

tone. DTMF assigns a specific frequency (consisting of two separate tones) to each

separate tones) to each key so that it can easily be identified by the electronic circuitThe signal generated by the DTMF encoder is a direct algebraic summation, in real

time, of the amplitudes of two sine (cosine) waves of different frequencies, i.e.,

pressing 6 will send a tone made by adding 1477 Hz and 770 Hz to the other end of

the line. The tones and assignment in a DTMF system are shown in table 2.

TABLE 2

TONES AND ASSIGNMENTS IN A DTMF SYSTEM

Frequencies(Hz)

1209Hz

1336Hz

1477Hz 1633 Hz

697 1 2 3 A

770 4 5 6 B

852 7 8 9 C

941 * 0 # D

In order to control the robot, a call is made to the cell phone attached to the robot

(through head phone) from any phone, which sends DTMF tunes on pressing the

numeric buttons. The cell phone in the robot is kept in auto answer mode (if the

mobile does not have the auto answering facility, receive the call by OK key on the

rover-connected mobile and then it in hands-free mobile.) So after a ring, the cell

phone accepts the call.

Now you may press any button on your mobile to perform actions as listed in table 4.

The DTMF tones this produced are received by the cell phone in the robot. Thesetones are fed to the circuit by the headset of the cell phone. The MT8870 decodes

the received tone and sends the equivalent binary number to the microcontroller.

According to the program in the microcontroller, the robot starts moving.

User makes the call to the mobile phone connected to robotic assembly. After

receiving the call, when user presses the keys on his mobile phone a tone (DTMF) is

generated which is being given to a DTMF converter at the robotic side. The DTMF

tone will be having specific meaning depending on key pressed and the program

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written in the microcontroller at robots side.

The Mobile based user interface is to easily maneuver the robot. Microcontroller at

the robot side is interfaced to four DC motors through relays providing individual

control for all the movements

9

Lowgroup(Hz)

Highgroup(Hz)

Digit OE D3 D2 D0 D0

697 1209 1 H L L L H

697 1336 2 H L L H L

697 1477 3 H L L H H

770 1209 4 H L H L L

770 1336 5 H L H L H

770 1477 6 H L H H L

852 1209 7 H L H H H

852 1336 8 H H L L L

852 i477 9 H H L L H

941 1336 0 H H L H L

941 1209 * H H L H H

941 1477 # H H H L L

697 1633 A H H H L H

770 1633 8 H H H H L

852 1633 C H H H H H

941 633 D H L L L L

-- -- Any L Z Z Z Z


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TABLE 4

ACTIONS PERFORMED CORRESPONDING TO THE KEYS PRESSED

Number user Output of pressed byMT8870DTMFdecoder

Input to theMicrocontroller Output fromMicrocontroller ActionPerformed

2 0*0200000010

0*0200000010

O*0A00001010

Forward motion

4 0*0400000100

0*0400000100

0*0900001001

Left turn Rightmotor forwarded

Left motor backwarded

6 0*0600000110

0*0600000110

0*0600000110

Right turn Rightmotor backwarded leftmotor forwarded

8 0*0800001000

0*0800001000

0*0500000101

Backward motion

5 0*0500000101 0*05 0*000000010100000000

Stop

Details of Use Components (ICs):

Power Supply (7805):

Power is required to drive any circuitry. The power requirement of the various

modules of our circuitry are as follows:

We are using ONE voltage regulator 1CKA7805 to generate the +V. In order to

provide supply to the voltage regulator, we are using DC Battery of 12V.The

generate +5V supply provide to the Microcontroller (AT89C51), for Motor Driver

lC(L293D). for MTMF Decoder IC(MT8870)and LEDs. The 12V supply direct provide

to motor to move the Land Rover.

The LM7805 is a 3 terminal positive voltage regulator IC available in TO-220/D-PAK

package with a fixed output voltage, making it to use in wide range application.

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LM7805 has following features:

3 terminal positive voltage regulators. Thermal overload protection.

Internal current limiting. Output transistor safe operating area protection. If adequate heat sinking is provided it can deliver over IA current.

Module Max. Voltage Current Power

LED 5V 50mA 250mW

LDR 9V SOmA 250mW

Microcontroller +5V 25mA 125mW

Motor Drive Logic supply - 7VPower supply 50VInput & EnableVoltage -3V to 7V

2A(DC operation)

25W

Motor l2V 500mA 300mW

Fig 2: IC 78xx

It is not easy to detect and recognize DTMF with satisfactory precision. Often,

dedicated integrated circuits are used. It is rather complicated, so it is used only

marginally. Most often, a MT 8870 or compatible circuit would be used.

The MT8870 is a complete DTMF receiver integrating both the band split filter and

digital decoder functions. The filter section uses switched capacitor techniques for

high and low group filters; the decoder uses digital counting techniques to detect and

decode all 16 DTMF tone-pairs into a 4-bit code. External component count is

minimized by on chip provision of a differential input amplifier, clock oscillator andlatched three-state bus interface.

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Features of DTMF Decoder

Complete DTMF Receiver Low power consumption Internal gain setting amplifier Adjustable guard time Central office quality Power-down mode Inhibit mode Backward compatible with MT887OC/MT8870C- I

Typical Applications for DTMF decoders

Paging systems Repeater systems/mobile radio Credit card systems Remote control Personal computers Telephone answering machine

The DTMF system uses eight different frequency signals transmitted in pairs torepresent sixteen different numbers, symbols and letters. This table shows how the

frequencies are organized

High Group Frequency

1290 Hz 1366 Hz 1477 Hz 1633 Hz

LowGroupFrequency

697 Hz 1 ABC

2

DEF

3

A

770 Hz GHI

4

JKL

5

MNO

6

B

852 Hz PRS

7

TUV

8

WXY

9

C

941 Hz * OPER

0

# D

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Pin Configurations of MT8870:

Fig 3: IC MTSS7OMICRONTROLLER (AT89C51):

The Microcontroller has following features:

Features: 4K Bytes of In-System Reprogrammable Flash Memory

Endurance: 1,000 Write/Erase Cycles. Fully Static Operation: 0 Hz to 24 Ml-Iz. Three-level Program Memory Lock. 128 x 8-bit Internal RAM. 32 Programmable I/O Lines. Two 16-bit Timer/Counters. Six Interrupt Sources. Programmable Serial Channel. Low-power Idle and Power-down Modes.

Description:

The ATS9C51 is a low power, high performance CMOS 8 bit microcomputer with4Kbytes of Flash programmable and erasable read only memory (PEROM). The onchip flash allows the program memory to be reprogrammed in system or by aconventional non volatile memory programmer. By combining a versatile 8-bit CPUwith Flash on a monolithic chip, the Atmel ATS9C5 I is a powerful microcomputer which provides a highly-flexible and cost-effective solution to many embeddedcontrol applications.

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Pin Configuration OF AT89C51:

Fig 5: IC ATS9C51

The Microcontroller has four port devices. But here we are using only two ports for

Input and Output. Port I use as INPUT and Port 0 use as OUTPUT. Both of the ports

uses only four pins of each port as per applications

MOTOR DRIVER (L293D):The L293D has the following features:

It is high voltage, high current dual full bridge driver. It is designed to accept standard TTL logic levels. It is designed to drive inductive loads like DC & stepper motors. It can drive at the max two DC motor. It has two enable inputs to enable or disable the device independently of the

inputs. It has an additional supply inputs so that the logic works at a lower voltage.

Due to the above reason we are using Relay motor driver card.

We are using two DC motors to drive the two rear wheels of the robot. By simplereversing polarity of the inputs applied the motor can be made to run in reversedirection, the features help us choose a DC motor

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The DC motor used in the project has rating of I 2V & 45 rpm. The reasons for selecting a DC motor are as follows:

A 12V motor is sufficient to produce the necessary torque needed to run therobot in forward, reverse direction & turn left & right.

The weight of this motor is lighter as compared to other motor a in theseratings.

Weight is a major issue in our project since if the weight is more than the required todrive the motor, then there is chance that the vehicle will either not move or toppledown due to its weight while taking turn.

Using this truth table, the interfacing of the microcontroller and the motor driver isdone.

Here the figure shows bidirectional working of a single motor connected to thedriver .We can drive two DC motors in the same manner. The inputs required to the

motors in forward, reverse directions or to stop are fed by microcontroller accordingto the motor position on the tape. The flow chart in the following sections will enableto understand the working of the circuitry property.

Fig 5: Truth Table

INPUT

INPUT

INPUT INPUT OUTPUT

Relay1

OUTPUT

Relay2

OUTPUTRelay3

OUTPUT

Realy4

Description

L L L L L L L L Braking (both terminalsof motor are ground)Motor is stop

H L H L H L H L Forward Running

L H L H L H L H Backward Running

H L L H H L L H Motor is turn to Left

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L H H L L H H L Motor is turn to Right

MOTOR:

Fig 6

Here we are using two DC I 2V 45rpm motor for moving the robot. The two motorsare connected to the two rear wheel of robot.

A Robot is an electromechanical device that has the intent or agency of its own. Arobot must of the following properties:

1) It is artificially created.

2) It can sense its environment.

3) It has some degree of intelligence or ability to make choice based on theenvironment.

4) It is programmable.

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Description:

Block diagram (fig. 1) shows the micro-controller based mobile phone operated land

rover. The important components of this land rover are a DTMF decoder,microcontroller and motor driver.

There are two LEDs provided to indicate of power supply and security to our MobileBased Robot. The description is shown in working part.

An MT8870 series DTMF decoder is used here. All types of the MT8870 series usedigital counting techniques to detect all the 16 DTMF tone pair into a 4-bit codeoutput. The built- in dial tone rejection circuit eliminates the need for pre-filtering.When the input signal given at pin 2 (IN-) in single-ended input configuration isrecognized to be effective, the correct 4-bit decode signal of the DTMF tone istransferred to QI (pin II) through Q4 (pin 14) outputs.

Table II shows the DTMF data output table of MT8870. Ql through Q4 outputs of theDTMF decoder (IC I) are connected to port pins P0.0 through P0.3 of AT89C51microcontroller (IC 2).

The AT89C51 is a low-power, 8-bit, CMOS microcontroller. It provides the followingfeatures: 4Kb of in-system programmable Flash program memory with read-while-write compatibilities, RAM expandable externally to 64Kbytes, four 8-bits I/O ports.Output form port pins P1.0 through P1.3 of microcontroller are fed to inputs of motor driver card . The microcontroller output is not sufficient to drive the DC motors, socurrent drivers are required for the motor rotation.

WORKING:In order to control the robot, a call is made to the cell phone attached to the robot(through head phone) from any phone, which sends DTMF tunes on pressing thenumeric buttons. The cell phone in the robot is kept in auto answer mode (if themobile does not have the auto answering facility, receive the call by OK key on therover-connected mobile and then it in hands-free mobile). So after a ring, the cellphone accepts the call.

Now press any button on the mobile to perform actions as listed in table 3. TheDTMF tones this produced are received by the cell phone in the robot. These tonesare fed to the circuit by the headset of the cell phone. The MT8870 decodes thereceived tone and sends the equivalent binary number to the microcontroller.According to the program in the microcontroller, the robot starts moving.When turn you power supply the LED (BLUE) glow to give the information the power is delivered to all the circuit.

If any key is pressed before the PASSWORD is entered there is no operationperformed according to microcontroller programmed. When the PASSWORD isentered the microcontroller know the programmed password, it is allowed to performany operation. If the PASSWORD is correct the RED LED glows to indicate thatpassword is correct. If Key 5 (STOP) is pressed the microcontroller stops the

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operation and operation starts again when the password is entered.When key 2 is pressed on mobile phone, the microcontroller gives output10001001 binary equivalent. Port pins P0.0, P0.3 and P0.7 are high. The highoutput at P0.7 of the microcontroller drives the motor driver (L293D). Port pins P0.0and P0.3 drive motors Ml and M2 move for left turn, right turn, backward motion and

stop condition as per Table 3.User makes the call to the mobile phone connected to robotic assembly. After receiving the call, when user presses the keys on his mobile phone a tone (DTMF) isgenerated, this is being given to a DTMF converter at the robotic side. The DTMFtone will be having specific meaning depending on key pressed and the programwritten in the microcontroller at robots side.

The Mobile Based user interface is to easily maneuver the robot. Microcontroller atthe robot side is interfaced to four DC motors through relays providing individualcontrol for all the movements

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Software Details:-

start: mov p0,#0fh

mov p1,#0fh

mov p2,#0fh

mov a,#0ffh

setb p2.7

mov r0,#50h

mov r1,#60h

mov r2,#04h

mov a,#00000011bmov @r0,a

inc r0

mov a,#00000110b

mov @r0,a

inc r0

mov a,#00001001b

mov @r0,a

inc r0

mov a,#00001100b

mov @r0,a

acall delay

setb p1.7

acall delay

front: jnb p2.7,frontmov a,p0

cjne a,#00000010b,help1

clr p1.0

clr p1.2

setb p1.1

setb p1.3

acall delay

f2: jnb p2.7,f2

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mov a,p0

srightf: cjne a,#00000110b,lrightf

clr p1.1

clr p1.2

setb p1.0

setb p1.3

acall ldelay

clr p1.0

clr p1.2

setb p1.1

setb p1.3

sjmp f2

help1: ljmp back

sleftf: cjne a,#00000101b,lleftf

clr p1.0

clr p1.3

setb p1.1

setb p1.2

acall ldelay

clr p1.0

clr p1.2

setb p1.1

setb p1.3

sjmp f2

lrightf: cjne a,#00001001b,sleftf clr p1.1

clr p1.2

setb p1.0

setb p1.3

acall ldelay

cpl a

acall ldelay

cpl a

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acall ldelay

cpl a

acall ldelay

clr p1.0

clr p1.2

setb p1.1

setb p1.3

sjmp f2

lleftf: cjne a,#00001000b,stopf

clr p1.0

clr p1.3setb p1.1

setb p1.2

acall ldelay

cpl a

acall ldelay

cpl a

acall ldelay

cpl a

acall ldelay

clr p1.0

clr p1.2

setb p1.1

setb p1.3

sjmp f2

stopf: cjne a,#00001100b,help2setb p1.0

setb p1.1

setb p1.2

setb p1.3

ljmp front

help2: ljmp back

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back: cjne a,#00000011b,help3

clr p1.1

clr p1.3

setb p1.0

setb p1.2

acall delay

b2: jnb p2.7,b2

mov a,p0

srightb: cjne a,#00000110b,lrightb

clr p1.0

clr p1.3setb p1.1

setb p1.2

acall ldelay

clr p1.1

clr p1.3

setb p1.0

setb p1.2

sjmp b2

help3: ljmp front

sleftb: cjne a,#00000101b,lleftb

clr p1.1

clr p1.2

setb p1.0

setb p1.3acall ldelay

clr p1.1

clr p1.3

setb p1.0

setb p1.2

sjmp b2

lrightb: cjne a,#00001001b,sleftb

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clr p1.0

clr p1.3

setb p1.1

setb p1.2

acall ldelay

cpl a

acall ldelay

cpl a

acall ldelay

cpl a

acall ldelay

clr p1.1clr p1.3

setb p1.0

setb p1.2

sjmp b2

lleftb: cjne a,#00001000b,stopb

clr p1.1

clr p1.2

setb p1.0

setb p1.3

acall ldelay

cpl a

acall ldelay

cpl a

acall ldelaycpl a

acall ldelay

clr p1.1

clr p1.3

setb p1.0

setb p1.2

sjmp b2

stopb: cjne a,#00001100b,help4

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setb p1.0

setb p1.1

setb p1.2

setb p1.3

ljmp front

help4: ljmp front

down: setb p3.0

acall ldelay

ljmp start

delay: mov r4,#255

l1: mov b,#255

l2: djnz r3,l2

djnz r4,l1

ret

ldelay: mov r5,#09h

h1: mov r6,#50h

h2: mov r7,#90h

h3: djnz r7,h3

djnz r6,h2

djnz r5,h1

ret

end

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Top View:-

List Of ComponentsParts Specifications Qua

ntityApprox. Price in Rs.

Microcontroller AT89C51 I 45

Motor driver L293D 1 120

DTMF Decoder MT8870 1 80

DC Motors I 2V, 45 rpm 2 500

Voltage Regulator 7805 1 14

DC Battery 12V I 250

Switch Reset Switch I 12

Wheels Plastic + Rubber Belt 2 150

PCB Normal Copper PCB 1 80

Robot Base Aluminum 1 45

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Parts Specifications Quantity

Approx. Price in Rs.

Resistors 100 kQ,330 k (All -watt,+/-5% carbon)

3 3

Resistor Array 10 k 1 12

CeramicCapacitors

22 pF, 0.luiF, 0.47 F(+/-25W) 6 6

ElectrolyticCapacitor

IFIF 1 3

CrystalOscillator

11.5MHz, 3.57MHz 2 20

Diode 1N4007 I I

LEDs RED, BLUE 2 2

Batteryconnector

Simple batteryconnector.

1 5

Head-phone To connect MobilePhone to circuit.

1 70

BUG Pins Male, Female 8 8

DC Connector To connect battery tocircuit. 1 5

Total Cost 1431

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Result:-We have been able to successfully implement the mobile phone on the circuit. Thefollowing will be achieved by us:

The DTMF tone from mobile phone is successful detected by DTMF Decoder and output gives to microcontroller. According to program the microcontroller the motor driver is drives the two motor.

In our project robot is moved with security code, so no one can moves therobot which are not know the security code.

Our robot required only motor which is the biggest advantage of our project.

It can moves in forward (no.2), back (no.3),right (no. 6), and left ( no. 4)direction using the number on mobile phone.

Conclusion:-Our project Mobile Controlled Land Rolar is working properly and is making

the following movement as per the key instruction given by mobile phone.

Key No. 2 Left

Key No. 3 Right

Key No. 5 Forward

Key No. 6 Backward

Key No. # Stop

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ApplicationIn Military:

The vehicle is controlling through ell the technology presently being used for communication and these are well present on the border so that vehicle can beused to continuously observe the border, continuous supply of food, weaponsand in case of any accident to bring the patients from war fields.

In nuclear Reactor:

For the inspection of the nuclear reactor because during nuclear process noperson can enter in the nuclear reactor.

In Industry:-

Today all the industries are facilitated with data communication network sothat our vehicle can be used for transporting purpose with flexibility in place of conventional conveyor trolleys. Our vehicle can be controlled from any place of the industry so it is very easy to change the route of transportation and we canalso provide the fixed route for transporting through microcontroller program.

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Limitation:- The robot is not able to work in water bodies. Even it wont be able to

perform tasks in rainy areas and rainy season. This robot needs installation of antenna and available mobile coverage to

perform as its working is based on mobile networks. It may not take desired step when it has to climb a slop and while moving

down on slop. On a rough land area it may turn about and stop working or may get stuck

at big stones.

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Project Report Rakesh

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