Project Review

Micro Air VehicleProject: P07121

02.23.07

Sponsored byImpact TechnologiesThe Boeing Company

Mark BaybuttElectrical Engineering

David BlonskiIndustrial Engineering

Team Leader

Andrea WyantElectrical Engineering

Geoff AmeyComputer Engineering

Perry YoungMechanical Engineering

Daniel SegarMechanical Engineering

Patrick O’NeilMechanical Engineering

Timothy NowickiMechanical Engineering

Benjamin MetzMechanical Engineering

Jeffrey KozakCustomer / Guide

Mechanical Engineering

Mission– Complete surveillance portion of the 2007 International Micro

Air Vehicle Competition by improving, but not redesigning, last year’s MAV.

Background– Fourth MAV senior design team– Third year competing in MAV Competition– Never has a team completed the competition

Requirements– Fly 1200m– Take two “legible” pictures– Wireless remote control

P0121: Project Description

– Onboard power supply– Deliver hardcopy of photos– Stable launch

P0121: Needs and Specs

Metric TargetLift Coefficient > 0.49Drag (N) < 0.076Roll Moment Coefficient TBD*Thrust to Weight > 1:1System Power (W) < 80Weight (g) < 96Length (cm) < 25.4Resolution (lines) > 300RF Power (mW) 80

Engineering SpecificationsCustomer Needs• Rebuild last year’s MAV• Improve flight capabilities

• Increase lift• Improve pod aerodynamics• Increase stability

• Improve power efficiency• Increase thrust• Improve power efficiency

• Decrease weight• Decrease max linear dimension• Increase camera capabilities

P0121: Old Design

P0121: Concept Selection

Concept Score RankingIncrease Motor

RPM 24.51 1

Angle of Attack 19.44 2

Decrease propeller size 16.77 3

New Receivers 16.34 4

Smaller Tail 15.12 5

Priority 1Concept Score RankingWinglets 2.16 10

Scalability 1.08 11

Priority 3

Concept Score RankingStronger Antennae -0.45 12

Smaller Camera -0.96 13

New Controller -1.2 14

Smaller Max Dimension -1.8 15

New Servos -2.15 16

Timing System -2.88 17

Fewer Servsos -7.31 18

Thermoset -9.72 19

Infeasible / Impractical

Concept Score RankingPod 12.96 6

Improved batteries 11.61 7

Morphable Wing 7.56 8

Standardize body 5.4 9

Priority 2

P0121: New Design

Feigao Motor

3”x2” Prop

Smaller Tail

Tear-drop Pod

10o Angle of Attack

Berg 4L Receiver

2S 730mAh Battery

Reoptimized Airfoil Twill-WeaveCarbon Composites

P0121: Design SummaryPropulsion System (motor, prop, batteries)

– Reduced counter-torque – Increased range

Berg 4L receiver– Decreased weight

Teardrop pod– Reduced drag– Increased velocity– Fixed center of gravity

Re-optimized airfoil– Increased lift

Smaller Tail– Decreased weight– Increased mobility

Angle of Attack– Increased lift

Twill Weave Carbon-Composites– Same physical properties as twill

weave– Increased availability

Phase 0: Research

Phase 1: Concept Development

Phase 2: General Design

Phase 3: Detailed Design

Phase 4: Concept Implementation

Phase 5: Testing and Refinement

1 2 3 4

Phase 2a: Flight Testing

Phase 1a: Rebuild last year's MAV

50 1a 2a

P0121: Product Development Process Phase

Current Phase of Development

MSD I MSD II

P0121: Current State of DesignSummary

– Design meets all major customer needs – Design expected to meet all engineering specifications except:

• Weight < 96g• Max Linear Dimension < 7.5in

– On target to stay within budget:• Budget = $4000• Less than $1000 spent in SD1

– On schedule

Risk– Weight– Manufacturability of Pod– Range of receiver

Mitigation– Step-by-step concept implementation– Standardized testing procedure

P0121: SDII ScheduleSDII Schedule Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 Week 5 Week 6 Week 7 Week 8 Week 9 Week 10

Flight Test Old MAV

Build Body for new motor

Flight Test New MAV w/ new motorBuild Body with adjusted angle of attackFlight test with adjusted angle of attack

Build body with trimmed tail

Test body with trimmed tail

Mold for wing and pod

Make new wing

Compare wings

Make new podTest new pod (with finished wing and tail)

Further testing and optimizaiton

Use trainer for flight simulation

13-Apr

23-Mar

27-Apr

P0121

QUESTIONS?

Metric Importance9

Improve flight capabilitiesIncrease lift Lift Coefficient 9Improve aerodynamics Drag (N) 3Increase stability Roll Moment Coefficient 3

Improve power efficiencyIncrease thrust Thrust (g) 9Optimize power consumption System Power (W) 1

Decrease weight Weight (g) 3Decrease max linear dimension Length (cm) 1Increase camera capabilities Resolution (lines), RF Power (mW) 1

NeedRebuild last year's MAV

Customer Needs

BudgetItem Description Quantity Cost Per Unit Total CostMaterials Carbon Composites* 50in x 5yd 200.00

2-cell 480 mah li-poly battery pack 1 28.95 28.952-cell 730 mah li-poly battery pack 1 31.95 31.953-cell 48- mah li-poly battery pack 1 39.95 39.95Medusa brushless motor 1 42.95 42.95Feigao brushless motor 1 32.99 32.99

ESC CC Phoenix 10 2 57.98 115.96EP2510 5 0.75 3.75EP4025 5 0.95 4.75EP0330 5 0.80 4.00EP3020 5 0.80 4.00Receivers 2 34.95 69.90"Trainer" Airfoil* 1 131.70 131.7Digital Scale* 1 79.94 79.94Total 790.79

Batteries

Motors

Propellers

Project ManagementSystems Integration

David Blonski

MaterialsManufacturingBenjamin Metz

PropulsionAndrea WyantPerry Young

Electrical ComponentryMark Baybutt

CameraMisc. Electrical

Geoff Amey

AerodynamicsDan Segar

MiscellaneousTim Nowicki

Patrick O’Neil

Team Breakdown

3Key 9 00 = Not Correlated 3 0 91 = Slight Correlation 1 0 13 = Some Correlation 0 3 0 39 = Not Correlated 9 9 0 3 0

3 3 3 3 0 30 0 0 0 1 0 0

Voice of the Customer

Customer Requirements

Cus

tom

er W

eigh

t

Wei

ght (

g)

Dim

ensi

ons

(cm

)

Syst

em P

ower

(W)

Thru

st (N

)

RF

Pow

er (m

W)

Dra

g (N

)

Lift

Coe

ffici

ent

Rol

l Mom

ent C

oef.

Res

olut

ion

(line

s)

Able to fly 1200 meters (linear) 9 1 0 9 9 1 3 9 9 0Able to take 2 "legible" pictures 9 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 9Wireless remote control 9 0 0 3 0 1 0 0 0 0Stay within budget 3 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1

Key Ability to launch 9 3 3 9 9 0 0 9 0 00 = Not Important Able to be flown accurately 3 1 3 3 3 0 3 3 9 01 = Slightly Important Must be durable 3 3 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 03 = Important Must provide hard copy of photos 9 1 1 0 0 3 0 0 0 39 = Very Important Onboard power supply 9 9 3 9 0 0 0 3 0 0

Raw Score 141 81 282 171 75 36 198 108 111Relative Weight 0.12 0.07 0.23 0.14 0.06 0.03 0.16 0.09 0.09Ranking 4 7 1 3 8 9 2 5 5

Weight (g)Dimensions (cm)System Power (W)Thrust (N)

Resolution (lines)Engineering Metrics

RF Power (mW)Drag (N)Lift CoefficientRoll Moment Coefficient

QFD Analysis Part 1

QFD Analysis Part 2

Engineering Metrics MA

V S

ubsy

stem

s

Pha

se 1

Rel

ativ

e W

eigh

ts

Gro

und

Con

trol

Cam

era

Pro

puls

ion

Sys

tem

Pla

tform

0.12 0 1 9 9Key 0.07 0 0 3 90 = No contribution 0.23 0 3 9 01 = Slight contribution 0.14 0 0 9 03 = Notable Contribution 0.06 9 3 1 09 = Significant contribution 0.03 0 1 3 9

0.16 0 0 1 90.09 0 0 1 90.09 0 9 0 0

0.54 1.83 5.02 4.230.05 0.16 0.43 0.36

Weight (g)Dimensions (cm)System Power (W)Thrust (N)

Resolution (lines)Raw Score

Relative Weight

RF Power (mW)Drag (N)Lift CoefficientRoll Moment Coefficient

Morphological Analysis

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Gro

und

Con

trol

Prop

ulsi

on

Syst

emC

amer

aPl

atfo

rm

Stronger Antennae

New Controller

New Servos

Decrease# of Servos

New Receivers

Angle of Attack

IncreaseMotorRPM

DecreasePropellerSize

FewerBatteries

StandardBody

TimingSystem

Smaller

MorphableWing

Pod Smaller Scalability WingletsSmallerTail Thermoset

Pugh Analysis Part 1

Stronger Antennae

New Controller New Servos Fewer

ServosNew

Receivers

Increase Motor RPM

Decrease Propeller

Size

Fewer Batteries

Increase lift 9 0 0 0 1 0 1 -3 1Improve

aerodynamics 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Increase stability 3 0 1 0 -1 0 -1 3 0Optimize thrust to

weight 9 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 0Decrease power

consumption 1 0 0 1 1 1 -3 0 0Decrease weight 3 0 0 1 1 3 0 1 3

Decrease max linear dimension 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0Increase camera

capabilities 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Improve Durability 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Feasibliity 9-1 -3 -1 -3 3 3 3 1

Raw Score -0.45 -1.2 -2.15 -7.31 16.34 24.51 16.77 11.61

Weight

Ground Control0.05

Propulsion System0.43

Key-3 = Strong negative contribution-1 = Negative contribution0 = No contribution1 = Positive Contribution3 = Strong Positive Relationship

Pugh Analysis Part 2

Smaller Timing System

Morphable Wing Pod

Smaller Max

DimensionWinglets Smaller Tail Thermoset Standardize

Body Scalability Angle of Attack

Increase lift 9 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 3Improve

aerodynamics 3 1 0 1 3 0 -1 3 0 1 0 -1Increase stability 3 0 0 3 3 -3 1 -1 0 1 0 1Optimize thrust to

weight 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Decrease power

consumption 1 0 9 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0Decrease weight 3 3 0 3 3 3 -1 3 0 0 3 0

Decrease max linear dimension 1 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 3 0Increase camera

capabilities 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Improve Durability 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0Feasibliity 9 -3 -3 0 1 -1 0 3 -3 1 -1 3Raw Score -0.96 -2.88 7.56 12.96 -1.8 2.16 15.12 -9.72 5.4 1.08 19.44

Camera0.16

Platform0.36

Weight

Theoretical Motor Analysis

Name Weight Dimensions Kv Max

I Te Tprop Pprop (11V)

Pprop (7V)

g mm RPM/V A Nm Nm W W Firefly 10 10 x 25 4333 1 0.0022 0.0015 7.55 5.032

Medusa Afterburner 15 12 x 30 5300 7 0.0126 0.0086 52.84 35.22 Feigao Brushless 17 12 x 30 5866 5 0.0081 0.0055 37.74 25.16

Empirical Motor Analysis

Battery Propeller Dimensions Thrust/G @ 1A (g) Thrust/G @ 2 A (g) Thrust/G @ 3A (g) Thrust/G @ 4A (g) Thrust/G @ 5A (g)

11.5 V 480 mAh

2.5" x 1" 45 75 100 auto off auto off

3" x 2" 40 70 100 110 auto off

3" x 3" 25 45 60 auto off auto off

7.4 V 730 mAh

2.5" x 1" 30 60 auto off auto off auto off

3" x 2" 30 60 80 100 115

3" x 3" 20 40 50 65 80

7.4 V 480 mAh

2.5" x 1" 30 60 auto off auto off auto off

3" x 2" 30 60 80 auto off auto off

3" x 3" 25 45 60 70 auto off

Weight Breakdown (Last Year)System Item Mass (in g)

Propulsion:Motor Firefly (w/ mounting nut) 18.60Prop GWS 2x2 1.60Motor Controller Apl06 3.80Servo Bluebird (w/ control arm & push-pull rods) 4.45Servo Bluebird (w/ control arm & push-pull rods) 4.45Battery Pack 11.1V 300mA-hLiPo packs 22.60Receiver Micro 05S 9.00Camera System Camera, transmitter, connectors 7.05

Subtotals: 71.55

Airfoils:Airfoil Airfoil 12.78

Calculated Pods:Pod Pod 11.08

Total: 95.41

19%

2%

4%

5%

5%

24%

9%

7%

13%

12%

Motor

Prop

Motor Controller

Servo

Servo

Battery Pack

Receiver

Camera System

Airfoil

Pod

Weight Breakdown (Current Team)System Item Mass (in g)

Propulsion:Motor Feigao 17.20Prop EP0320 0.90Motor Controller Phoenix 10 9.70Servo Bluebird (w/ control arm & push-pull rods) 4.45Servo Bluebird (w/ control arm & push-pull rods) 4.45Battery Pack 7.4V 730mA-h LiPo packs 33.70Receiver Berg 4L 5.42Camera System Camera, transmitter, connectors 7.05

Subtotals: 82.87

Airfoils:Airfoil Airfoil 12.78

Calculated Pods:Pod Pod 9.10

Total: 104.75

16%

1%

9%

4%

4%

33%

5%

7%

12%

9%

Motor

Prop

Motor Controller

Servo

Servo

Battery Pack

ReceiverCamera System

Airfoil

Pod