Promoting Airport Walking Airport Walking: A Guide is a product of the Centers for Disease Control...

Promoting Airport Walking

A G U I D E

December 4, 2015

Contents

Section Page

Welcome to the Airport Walking Guide ..............1

Introduction ..................................................................2

Why Walk? ....................................................................3

Why Promote Walking in Your Airport? ...............5

Considerations for Promoting Walking in Your Airport ..................................................................7

Keys to Success ........................................................ 11

References ................................................................. 12

Appendices ............................................................... 13

PROMOTING AIRPORT WALKING: A GUIDE • ii

Authors

U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity,

and Obesity, Physical Activity and Health Branch

Ginny M. Frederick, MSPrabasaj Paul, PhD, MPH

John D. Omura, MD, MPHJanet E. Fulton, PhD

Suggested Citation: Frederick, G.M., Paul, P., Omura, J.D., Fulton, J.E. Promoting Airport Walking: A Guide.

Atlanta, GA, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2016.

http://www.cdc.gov/physicalactivity/walking/airportguide.pdf

The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

http://www.cdc.gov/physicalactivity/walking/airportguide.pdf

PROMOTING AIRPORT WALKING: A GUIDE • iii

Acknowledgements

Promoting Airport Walking: A Guide is a product of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and was supported by funding from the Kresge Foundation and administration by the National Foundation for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

A. Jill Wagner, MA, at IconoGraph Designs, provided the design for Promoting Airport Walking:A Guide, and produced the document.

Special thanks to the following individuals who greatly contributed to the Walk to Fly Study and the conceptualization and design of Promoting Airport Walking: A Guide.

U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity, Office of the Director

Janet L. Collins, PhDDeborah A. Galuska, PhD

Kresge FoundationDavid Fukuzawa, MDiv

National Foundation for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Bernice Bronson, MPH

Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International AirportTracy GilbertReese McCranieKathleen SullivanMyrna WhiteJon Yee

PROMOTING AIRPORT WALKING: A GUIDE • 1

Welcome to the Airport Walking Guide

Each day, millions of Americans travel through the nation’s airports to destinations around the world. Because

millions of Americans travel through the country’s airports each day, they are good places for promoting healthy habits. Encouraging walking in your airport, when it is an option, may have numerous benefits to your airport and the travelers you serve, including:

n

n

n

Exposure to airport amenities or advertising

Opportunities to promote physical activity in a large and diverse population

Employee wellness

This guide is primarily intended to be a resource for airport managers who want their airport to encourage healthy habits and improve the customer experience. The strategies discussed here are most effective in airports with areas where travelers can choose between different transportation modes, such as taking a train or shuttle, or walking. Motivational signs placed in these areas can help encourage travelers to walk.

This guide was developed as a result of the Walk to Fly Study to encourage walking, instead of riding the Plane Train in Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport. See Appendix A for an overview of this study.


At many airports, trains or shuttles are available for travelers to reach different areas of the airport.

Introduction

signs to do so. TThe purpose of this guide is to inform readers

of the benefits of promoting walking in airports when it is an option and how to use

opics covered include:

n

n

n

Benefits of walking for health

Benefits of walking for your airport

Using signs to encourage walking at points of decision in your airport

Today, many airports have trains or shuttles that take travelers from one area of the airport to another. At some airports, these mechanized transportation systems are necessary because travelers cannot walk from one gate or terminal to another based on the layout or design of the airport. However, in airports where it is possible for travelers to get from place to place by walking, encouraging this option at the point where travelers make this decision may provide many benefits to the traveler and your airport.

The information in this guide will focus on promoting walking in your airport by using motivational signs that encourage travelers to walk at locations where they have the option to walk or use mechanized transportation. The use of such signs is a recommended strategy to increase stair use.1 With this strategy, motivational signs are placed at locations where individuals must make a decision between an active or sedentary mode of transportation, such as taking the stairs as opposed to riding an escalator or elevator.1,5

In the Success Story section of this guide (Appendix A), you can see how this concept has been successfully applied in the Walk to Fly Study conducted at Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport. Here, motivational signs were placed at the location where travelers must decide whether to board the train, or walk along the pedestrian walkway to reach their gate.

Motivational signs can be used to encourage walking in airports when it is an option.


Why Walk?

such as hearPhysical activity is an important part of

a healthy lifestyle that can help people reduce their risk for chronic diseases

t disease, type 2 diabetes, and some cancers.2 It can also help those living with such diseases manage their conditions.3

Current federal physical activity guidelines recommend that adults avoid inactivity and more specifically, engage in at least 150 minutes per week of moderate-intensity aerobic physical activity, or 75 minutes a week of vigorous-intensity aerobic physical activity, or an equivalent combination.2

Walking is a physical activity that most people can do to meet the aerobic physical activity guidelines.2 When done in bouts of at least 10 minutes, walking in your airport can help people meet guidelines. Shorter bouts of walking can help people begin to make physical activity part of their daily routine.

Promoting walking is also a priority of the Surgeon General, as addressed in Step It Up! The Surgeon General’s Call to Action to Promote Walking and Walkable Communities.4


Why Walk?

From the 2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans

Key Guidelines for Adults

n

n

n

n

All adults should avoid inactivity. Some physical activity is better than none, and adults who participate in any amount of physical activity gain some health benefits.

For substantial health benefits, adults should do at least 150 minutes (2 hours and 30 minutes) a week of moderate-intensity, or 75 minutes (1 hour and 15 minutes) a week of vigorous-intensity aerobic physical activity, or an equivalent combination of moderate- and vigorous-intensity aerobic activity. Aerobic activity should be performed in episodes of at least 10 minutes, and preferably, it should be spread throughout the week.

For additional and more extensive health benefits, adults should increase their aerobic physical activity to 300 minutes (5 hours) a week of moderate-intensity, or 150 minutes a week of vigorous-intensity aerobic physical activity, or an equivalent combination of moderate- and vigorous-intensity activity. Additional health benefits are gained by engaging in physical activity beyond this amount.

Adults should also do muscle-strengthening activities that are moderate or high intensity and involve all major muscle groups on 2 or more days a week, as these activities provide additional health benefits.

Key Guidelines for Children and Adolescents

n

n

Children and adolescents should do 60 minutes (1 hour) or more of physical activity daily.

n

n

n

Aerobic: Most of the 60 or more minutes a day should be either moderate- or vigorous intensity aerobic physical activity, and should include vigorous-intensity physical activity at least 3 days a week.

Muscle-strengthening: As part of their 60 or more minutes of daily physical activity, children and adolescents should include muscle-strengthening physical activity on at least 3 days of the week.

Bone-strengthening: As part of their 60 or more minutes of daily physical activity, children and adolescents should include bone-strengthening physical activity on at least 3 days of the week.

It is important to encourage young people to participate in physical activities that are appropriate for their age, that are enjoyable, and that offer variety.


Why Promote Walking in Your Airport?

travelers fras inclement weather

Airports are great places to promote walking. The airport environment is free from many of the barriers that prevent

om walking in their community such , safety concerns, and

comfort.6-8 This gives your airport a unique opportunity to serve travelers not only as a transportation hub, but a place where they can get physical activity while traveling.

The potential benefits of promoting walking in your airport may include:

a. Customer ServiceProviding travelers with information about walking options in the form of signs may help them more easily navigate, and be more comfortable in your airport. They may also enjoy the feeling of having a choice in how they get from one area of the airport to another.

When fewer travelers use a train or shuttle they become less crowded and more accessible for those who use them out of necessity.

b. Exposure to AmenitiesPromoting walking gives travelers the opportunity to see more of the amenities your airport has to offer. Depending on the layout of your airport, travelers who walk from one destination to another may pass retail stores, restaurants, art exhibits, advertisements, and other attractions.

Providing travelers with signs may help them feel more comfortable in your airport.

Encouraging walking may increase travelers’ exposure to some of your airport’s amenities.


Why Promote Walking in Your Airport?

c. Emergency Operations

Signs that promote walking options can also be useful in emergencies. In such instances, travelers who would not normally choose to walk may need to do so. Having signs with walking information in place may decrease confusion while helping to direct travelers to a safe area. While walking signs should not be relied on as the only emergency signage in your airport, they may complement emergency signage. They can also help travelers find their way when the train or shuttle is out of service.

d. Employee WellnessSigns to encourage walking can also play a part in helping your employees to increase their physical

activity, thus incorporating a healthy habit into their daily routine. This could complement the airport’s other activities to promote employee wellness. You can get more information on employee wellness programs in CDC’s Steps2Wellness brochure (http://www.cdc.gov/physicalactivity/worksite-pa/toolkits/pa-toolkit.htm).

e. Healthy Airport EnvironmentPromoting walking is just one way airportscan encourage travelers and employees to livea healthy lifestyle. When coupled with healthyeating options and amenities for stress reductionor relief, such as quiet areas, signs to promotewalking can be part of a well-rounded programto meet your airport’s commitment to offeringhealthy options for travelers.

http://www.cdc.gov/physicalactivity/worksite-pa/toolkits/pa-toolkit.htm

http://www.cdc.gov/physicalactivity/worksite-pa/toolkits/pa-toolkit.htm


Considerations for Promoting Walking in

Your Airport

Before you begin using signs to encourage walking in your airport, there are a few things to consider.

Things to ConsiderConsider appropriateness

Determine if signs to encourage walking are appropriate for your airport.

Gain support Get support from Airport Management and other key stakeholders to use the signs to encourage walking.

Evaluate resources Take stock of the resources currently available to encourage walking.

Develop signs Use existing signs or develop your own.

Install and maintain signs

Have the signs installed and create a plan to make sure they are maintained.

Monitor success Create a plan for evaluating the signs.

An outline of these considerations can be found in Appendix B and are briefly described below.


a. Determine if signs to encourage walkingare appropriate for your airport.

To determine if using signs is appropriate, you should first determine if travelers have the opportunity to walk instead of using a shuttle or train. Mapping

out walking locations in your airport will help you create the most effective plan for using motivational signs.

You can also prompt travelers to walk if they have time to spare before boarding their flight. For example, providing signs with the time and direction to various shops, restaurants and art exhibits may prompt travelers to visit those points of interest instead of staying seated at the gate.

b. Get SupportDiscuss with airport senior management the potential of using motivational signs to encourage walking in your airport, including the potential for an enhanced

customer experience and better employee health. Be sure to include any relevant stakeholders that may have an interest in promoting walking. Key stakeholders will vary in each airport, but examples may include major airlines and leaders in the business community near your airport.

c. Evaluate Available ResourcesTake stock of the resources available to you to help guide the planning process. For example, determine if there is any funding available for this project through

your airport’s budget, and identify personnel who are available to work on the project and how much time they can commit.

Consider any resources in your airport that currently promote walking. This may include wayfinding information, such as signs to direct travelers throughout the airport, or other programs, such as a walking program run by the employee wellness committee. Once you determine if and how walking is currently being promoted, you can think about how motivational signs may fit into those efforts.

Considerations for Promoting Walking in Your Airport

Signs to encourage walking are most effective at locations where travelers can choose to walk or ride a train or shuttle.



The next important step is to determine the additional resources you may need. You may need to seek outside funding to develop the signs or hire personnel to work on the project.

d. Develop Signs to Encourage Walking atPoints of Decision

To make it easier for you to begin encouraging walking in your airport, you can adapt the signs provided in Appendix C to the locations in your airport where you

want to encourage walking.

However, if you’d like to develop your own signs, here are a few things you may want to consider:

i. Existing SignageExisting signage in the airport may giveyou a good idea of what your walking signsshould look like. You should also check withthe appropriate manager to determine if thenew motivational signs need to follow anyguidelines.

ii. Messages that Will Encourage YourTravelers to WalkTo be effective, walking messages shouldresonate with your travelers. For sometravelers, just knowing that walking is an

option and how long it will take is enough motivation to choose walking. Others may be motivated by messages that describe the health benefits of walking.

There are several ways to find out which messages will encourage your travelers to walk. If your airport conducts a yearly customer service survey, you can include questions on how your travelers feel about walking in your airport. Similarly, you can conduct a short survey with travelers while they are in your airport or give them a link to complete an online survey about walking in your airport. Examples of surveys you can use are available in Appendices D and E.

e. Install and Maintain SignageOnce you have installed signs to promote walking opportunities in your airport, it is important to have a plan for maintaining them. It may be beneficial to have a team

member designated to periodically check the signs for graffiti, markings, or any other damage. This person should also ensure that the signs have not been moved or removed from their original locations.

Determine what resources already exist to encourage walking to see how motivational signs may fit in.

Once signs are installed, it is important to have a plan to maintain them.



You should also make sure that appropriate airport staff are aware of the signs and their purpose. For example, you might tell customer service representatives about the signs before they are installed so they can anticipate any questions they may receive from travelers.

f. Evaluating SuccessEvaluation is an important part of any program. Evaluating the impact of your signs can help you learn if they are encouraging travelers to walk and how they

might be improved. Evaluation can also give you information to share with airport management about the outcomes you achieved.

Your evaluation can include getting feedback from travelers, concessionaires, and airport managers. You can also evaluate the signs by monitoring walking at the sign locations. See Appendix F for more information about evaluating success.


n

n

n

Continuously Engage Relevant Stakeholders: Engage relevant internal and external stakeholders at the beginning of the planning process to build buy-in from the start. Keeping these individuals involved and informed of progress will help the process run more smoothly. Key stakeholders will vary in each airport, but examples may include major airlines, senior airport managers, and leaders in the business community near your airport.

Anticipate Delays: When creating your timeline, incorporate extra time for possible delays. This will ensure that even if you hit a bump in the road, the project will progress according to the timeline you’ve set.

Anticipate Unintended Consequences: Do your best to anticipate any unintended consequences. Take the time to think through how the signs will affect all aspects of your airport’s operations. Make sure you’ve included relevant managers and decision-makers in the planning process to avoid any unforeseen set-backs. For example, ensure the signs lead travelers toward their destination and do not leave any room for possible confusion. Also, you should make sure that the signs have been approved by the department or office that oversees the location where they are to be placed. For example, if the signs will be placed in or near a TSA security checkpoint, it is important to get the appropriate clearances with this office before posting them.

n Develop a Back-up Plan: Have a plan in place to deal with less-than-optimal outcomes. While the process outlined in this guide has been implemented successfully, it is possible that the outcomes at your airport may be different than expected. If you do not see the results you anticipated, you may think about changing the signs’ messages or design.

Keys to Success


1. Kahn EB, Ramsey LT, Brownson RC, et al.The effectiveness of interventions to increasephysical activity: A systematic review. Am JPrev Med. 2002;22(4 Suppl 1):73-107.

2. U.S. Department of Health and HumanServices. 2008 Physical Activity Guidelinesfor Americans. Washington, DC: US Dept ofHealth and Human Services; 2008.

3. Committee PAGA. Physical ActivityGuidelines Advisory Committee Report,2008. Washington, DC: U.S. Department ofHealth and Human Services;2008.

4. U.S. Department of Health and HumanServices. Step It Up! The Surgeon General’sCall to Action to Promote Walking andWalkable Communities. Washington, DC:U.S. Dept of Health and Human Services,Office of the Surgeon General;2015.

5. Soler RE, Leeks KD, Buchanan LR,Brownson RC, Heath GW, Hopkins DH.Point-of-decision prompts to increase stairuse: a systematic review update. Am J PrevMed. 2010;38(2 Suppl):S292-S300.

6. Brownson RC, Baker EA, HousemannRA, Brennan LK, Bacak SJ. Environmentaland policy determinants of physical activityin the United States. Am J Public Health.2001;91(12):1995-2003.

7. Rhodes RE, Blanchard CM, CourneyaKS, Plotnikoff RC. Identifying belief-based targets for the promotion ofleisure-time walking. Health Educ Behav.2009;36(2):381-393.

8. Salmon J, Owen N, Crawford D, BaumanA, Sallis JF. Physical activity and sedentarybehavior: a population-based study ofbarriers, enjoyment, and preference.Health Psychol. 2003;22(2):178-188.

9. Fulton JE, Paul P, Frederick GM, WatsonKB, Dorn JM. Point-of-Decision PromptsIncrease Walking in a Large MetropolitanAirport: The Walk to Fly Study. Paperpresented at: Active Living Research 2015;San Diego, California.

References

Appendices

Appendix Page

Appendix A: Walk to Fly Success Story ............ 14

Appendix B: Steps to Encourage Walking ....... 16

Appendix C: Sign to Encourage Walking......... 18

Appendix D: Concept Testing Survey ............... 19

Appendix E: Message Testing Survey ............... 24

Appendix F: Evaluating Success ......................... 28


Appendix A: Walk to Fly Success Story

used during this prIn this section, we will describe Walk to Fly, an

effort to increase walking at Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport. The process

oject and lessons learned from its implementation served as a basis for much of the content in this guide.

This project was part of a research study using point-of-decision prompts to increase the proportion of travelers choosing to walk to their departure gate, instead of riding the train inside the airport. The success of the Walk to Fly project was due, in large part, to the collaboration of several departments in the airport over the 3-year span of the project. These departments include:

n

n

n Information Technology

n

n

n

n

n

Aviation Transportation Systems

Customer Service

Office of Communications

Office of Public Affairs

Operations

Planning and Development

Signage and Graphics

Airport DescriptionHartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport, the world’s busiest passenger airport, is 10 miles from downtown Atlanta. The airport’s domestic terminal has six concourses along a central spine. Travelers and airport employees can move between the concourses via an underground transportation mall that consists of a central walkway with a train on either side.

Point-of-Decision Sign LocationUpon entering the transportation mall of the airport, travelers and employees can choose whether to ride the train between concourses or walk along the pedestrian walkway. This location represents a point of decision where signs could be used to encourage walking.

Message developmentFor the Walk to Fly study, approximately 400 travelers completed a survey about why they chose to walk or ride the train and if they rode the train, what concepts might encourage them to walk instead. Using the information from traveler’s responses, the airport’s Signage and Graphics team developed two prototype signs with different messages. A second survey, conducted with approximately 200 travelers, asked travelers to choose which sign would most likely encourage them to walk to their departure gate instead of riding the train.




The final sign design (see Appendix C) is a result of feedback generated from both surveys, which were conducted with approximately 600 travelers. Travelers indicated that information about walking options and how long it would take to walk would likely help them make the decision to walk to their departure gate instead of ride the train. Both surveys are available in Appendices D and E of this guide.

MonitoringThermal sensors were used to monitor the proportion of travelers who chose to walk instead of ride the train. The airport’s Department of Information Technology was instrumental in gaining the necessary approvals to install the sensors. The sensors were mounted in the ceiling above the escalators that bring travelers and employees into the entrance of the transportation mall, thus capturing the number of travelers and employees entering the area. Another set of sensors was mounted approximately 1,000 feet away, along the pedestrian walkway, to count the number of travelers and employees who choose to walk or use the moving walkway.

Data from the sensors were collected for 1 year before the signs were installed to determine the proportion of travelers and employees choosing to walk without being encouraged.

InterventionAfter getting approvals for sign placement from the Department of Aviation Transportation Systems, the airport installed six signs to encourage walking in the entrance to the transportation mall. Four wall-mounted signs were installed around the entrances to the train. The simple message on the signs, “You can walk

to your gate,” is accompanied by a large graphic of a person walking and a bright arrow to the concourses. Wording inside the arrow provides travelers with an estimate of how long it will take them to walk between each concourse. A simple diagram of the airport’s layout across the bottom allows travelers to see their current location in relation to their departure concourse. All of the messaging on the signs is in English and Spanish.

In addition to these, a free-standing sign was placed at the beginning of the transportation mall walkway, and another wall-mounted sign was installed halfway between the first two concourses to encourage travelers to keep walking. These signs resemble the wall-mounted signs but only include the arrow and walking graphic to show direction, and the information about how long it will take to walk between concourses.

OutcomeResults from the first 6 months of intervention indicate that the proportion of travelers and employees choosing to walk increased approximately 10% after the signs were installed.9 The project team is continuing to monitor traveler walking patterns to see if the effect changes over time.

Next StepsBased on the success of the Walk to Fly project using signs to encourage walking, managers at Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport are planning to install these signs at other points of decision in the airport. Signs will eventually be placed at other concourses in the transportation mall to let travelers know that walking is an option.


Appendix B: Steps to Encourage Walking

1. Determine if signs to encourage walkingare appropriate for your airport.

o

o

Determine if your airport has point-of-decision locations where signs would beappropriate.

Identify possible sign locations on a map ofyour airport.

2. Get airport management support.

o

o

o

Arrange a meeting with airport managers.

Highlight the benefits of airport walking.

Collaborate with management to develop aplan for implementing signs.

3. Evaluate available resources.

o

o

Determine if there are resources available inyour airport’s budget to develop and installsigns.

Identify personnel available to work on theproject.

o

o

Evaluate existing resources that promotewalking in your airport (e.g., existing signsthat direct travelers, an employee wellnesswalking program).

Determine what additional resources you willneed to implement the signs.

4. Develop signs to encourage walking atpoints-of-decision.

o

o

o

o

o

If you want to use pre-developed signs:

• Modify the signs in Appendix C to fityour airport.

If you want to develop your own signs:

•

•

•

Consider the look and feel of existingsigns in your airport and determine if thenew signs should be designed similarly.

Check with appropriate management toensure the new signs meet guidelines foryour airport.

Identify messages that will encourage yourtravelers to walk, by

Adding questions about walking to yourcustomer service survey.

Conducting a short survey about walkingwith travelers in your airport.

Giving travelers a link to an online surveyabout walking in your airport.

in the guide.This checklist highlights key steps to

encourage walking in your airport. Use this checklist along with the information




5. Install and maintain signs.

o

o

o

Create a plan for maintaining the signs,including how you will replace signs if theyare damaged.

Designate a team member to check the signsperiodically for graffiti, markings, or otherdamage.

Check that movable signs remain inappropriate locations.

6. Monitoring success.

o

•

•

•

•

•

Consider the following ways to evaluate:

Customer satisfaction: provide ways forcustomers to give feedback on the signs.

Concessions satisfaction: provide ways forconcessionaires to give you feedback onhow the signs have affected their business.

Monitor walking before and after thesigns are installed.

Get feedback from customer servicerepresentatives.

Monitor feedback from airportmanagement.


Appendix C: Sign to Encourage Walking

Appendix C: Sign to Encourage Walking


Appendix D: Concept Testing Survey

•••••

••••

••••

•

•

•

Question Number Question Response Options Instructions for

InterviewersSpecial Considerations

Verbal Are you ready to begin? ••

Yes Read the If “no”, end Consent No verbal consent interview

statement and record the response.

Unable to Check if unable to continue. Refused *If the randomly-selectedindividualindicates he/she is under 18,record under“Other”

Continue* Non-English speakerNot enough timeDisabledOther

Begin Interview

1 Are you traveling today for business or leisure?

BusinessLeisureBothOther

2 How long have you been waiting at this gate?

1-4 minutes5-9 minutes10-29 minutes30 or more minutes

3 For this trip, did you… Depart from [your city]and enter through airportsecurity?Fly in at a gate on a differentconcourse at this airport?Fly in at a gate at thisconcourse of the airport?*

*If participantreports “Fly inat a gate in thisconcourse of theairport”, endinterview.

taking a train or shuttle, and also what conceptsThe purpose of this survey is to get

information from travelers in your airport about why they may not walk instead of

they think would encourage them to walk.

The following survey questions were developed to get input from travelers at Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport. Feel free to adjust the questions to fit your needs.




••

••

4 In the airport today, did youride the train?

YesNo

If yes, skip to Question 7.

5 Did you walk rather than ride the airport train?

YesNo

If no, skip to Question 10.

6 You just told me that you walked, rather than rode the train, to get here. Now I would like to ask you why you chose to walk. For each sentence [below], is it a reason why you chose to walk today?••

•

•

••

•

••

•

••

•

Walking is quicker.Walking is good for myhealth.Walking helps me getexercise.Walking helps memaintain weight.Walking burns calories.Walking allows me to viewart along the walkway.Walking allows me toavoid wait/crowd for thetrain.I had extra time.Walking reduces mystress.Walking lets my childrenrun around before theflight.I like to walk.I am familiar with thelayout of the airport.Other

••••

YesNoNot SureN/A

Read each statement and record the response.

If the participant indicates he/she does not have children or does not have children with them on this trip, mark N/A. Once completed, skip to Question 9.



7 You just told me that you rode the train on your way here. Now I would like to ask you why you chose to ride the train. For each sentence [below], is it a reason why you chose to ride the train today?•

•

•

••

•

•••

•

Everyone else was ridingthe train.I did not know walkingwas an option.I do not have enoughtime.Walking was too difficult.I was afraid of getting lostwhile walking.I am not wearing suitableclothing for walking.I do not want to sweat.I do not like walking.Riding the train is morefun than walking.Other

•••

YesNoNot Sure




8 The airport is making signs to encourage people to walk

•••••

rather than ride the train. I am going to show/read several ideas to encourage walking at this airport. For each one, please tell me howlikely it is to convince you to walk.•

•

•

•

•

••

•

•

••

Walking takes 2 moreminutes than riding thetrain to the next stop.A map showing directionsto the gates.Signs showing directionsto the gates.Walking makes mehealthierWalking instead of ridingis better for the planet.Walking burns calories.Walking helps maintainweight.Walking helps me getexercise.Walking lets my childrenrun around before theflight.Walking is fun.Walking lets me enjoyart and music along thewalkway.

Very unlikelyUnlikelyLikelyVery likelyN/A


*If the participantindicates he/shedoes not havechildren or doesnot have childrenwith them on thistrip, mark N/A.

9 Do you have [other] comments or ideas to encourage walking? If yes, what are they?

••

NoYes, ________.

10 Gender ••

MaleFemale

Record the participant’s gender.



••••

•••

••••

•

•

11 Age 18-24 years25-44 years45-64 years65 years or older

Ask the participant which age category they fall in and record the response.

12 Ethnicity Hispanic or LatinoNot Hispanic or LatinoPrefer not to answer

Ask the participant whether or not they areHispanic or Latino and record the response.

13 Race White Ask the participant to select one or all that apply and record the response.

Black/African AmericanAsianNative Hawaiian or OtherPacific IslanderAmerican Indian/AlaskaNativePrefer not to answer

Interviewer Comments

Use this space to note any other necessary information.


Appendix E: Message Testing Survey

••

•••••

••••••••

•

•

•

Question Number Question Response Options Instructions for

InterviewersSpecial Considerations

Verbal Consent

Are you ready to begin?

Yes Read the verbal consent statement and record the response.

If “no”, end interviewNo

Unable to Continue*

Check if unable to continue.

Refused +If the randomly-selectedindividualindicates he/she is under 18,record under“Other”

Non-English speakerNot enough timeDisabledOther

Begin Interview

1 Are you traveling today for business or leisure?

BusinessLeisureBothOther

2 How long have you been waiting at this gate?

1-4 minutes5-9 minutes10-29 minutes30 or more minutes

3 For this trip, did you…

Depart from [Your City] andenter through airport security?Fly in at a gate on a differentconcourse at this airport?Fly in at a gate at thisconcourse of the airport?

If participant answers “Fly in at a gate at this concourse of the airport”, end the interview

encourage them to walk. This surThe purpose of this survey is to get feedback

from travelers in your airport about which of two prototype signs would most likely

vey should be conducted after you have used the results from the Concept Testing Survey to develop prototype signs.

The following survey questions were developed to get input from travelers at Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport. Feel free to adjust the questions to fit your airport’s needs.




••••

••••

••••

4 In the airport today, did you ride the train?

••

••

YesNo

If “yes”, skip to Question 6.

5 Did you walk rather than ride the airport train?

YesNo

If yes, skip to Question 17.

I’m going to ask you now to think back to when you made the decision to ride the train today. I’m going to show you two signs the Atlanta Airport is making to encourage people to walk, instead of ride the train. The signs will be posted next to the doors of the train. I’m now going to ask you a few questions about each sign.

SHOW SIGN 1

6 From this sign, how clear is it that you can walk to your gate, rather than ride the train?

Very UnclearUnclearClearVery Clear

If respondent answers Very Unclear or Unclear to any of 6-8, ask 9

7 From this sign, how clear is the amount of time it will take to walk between gates?



8 From this sign, how clear is the direction you should walk to reach your gate?



9 You just told me that the sign is unclear. Could you explain why? How could it be improved?

Open ended Read only if respondent answered Very Unclear or Unclear to any of 6-8.



••••

••••

••••

SHOW SIGN 2

10 From this sign, how clear is it that you can walk to your gate, rather than ride the train?



11 From this sign, how clear is the amount of time it will take to walk between gates?



12 From this sign, how clear is the direction you should walk to reach your gate?



13 You just told me that the sign is unclear. Could you explain why? How could it be improved?

Open ended Read only if respondent answered Very Unclear or Unclear to any of 10-12.

Now I’m going to show you both signs side-by-side. The two signs are identical in everything except the wording. For the next two questions, focus on the words in the center of the signs.

••

••

SHOW BOTH SIGNS

14 Do you prefer one sign over the other? Which one?

Sign ASign B

15 Which sign would most likely encourage you to walk to your gate, instead of ride the train?

Sign ASign B



• • Female

• • • 45-64 years•

• • • Prefer not to answer

• • • • Native Hawaiian or Other

Pacific Islander•

•

16 Is there anything else you would like to comment on?

Open ended

17 What is your gender?

Male Record the participant’s gender.

18 Age 18-24 years25-44 years

65 years or older

Ask the participant which age category they fall in and record the response.

19 Ethnicity Hispanic or LatinoNot Hispanic or Latino

Ask the participant whether or not they are Hispanic or Latino and record the response.

20 Race WhiteBlack or African AmericanAsian

Ask the participant to select one or all that apply and record the response.

American Indian/ Alaska NativePrefer not to answer

Thank you very much for your time.


Appendix F: Evaluating Success

There are many ways you can evaluate yourmotivational signs. Here are a few ideas:

n

n

•

Customer Satisfaction: You can provide a way for customers to give feedback on if and how the signs affected their experience in your airport. For example, you could use a suggestion box with comment cards located along the path where you are encouraging walking.

Concessions Satisfaction: You can provide an opportunity for your concessionaires to give you feedback about the signs and how they have affected their business. Let them know when you put the signs up so they can give more accurate information on their business before and after the signs are installed.

Monitor Levels of Walking: You canevaluate your signs by monitoring how manypeople walk at each location before andafter you install the signs. You can monitorwalking by manually counting travelers overa given time period or installing devicesthat count travelers automatically, such assensors. Installing devices to automaticallycount travelers may also provide airportmanagement with information that canbe used for other purposes. For example,knowing the number of travelers that pass bya given point in your airport may be valuableinformation for advertisers. Information onthe different types of sensors available arediscussed later.

To ensure the signs are having the intended results, you may also ask for feedback from customer service representatives and senior airport officials. Such feedback can help you understand any concerns with the signs. This feedback will be a good indicator of whether the signs should remain as they are, or if you should consider revising the message, design, or location of the signs.

Monitoring MethodsYou can use several different methods to determine the proportion of people who choose to walk at a point of decision. Whichever method you choose should be appropriate for the resources available (e.g. financial, personnel, approvals needed) and for the location itself. You should also make sure that you use the same method of monitoring before and after installing the signs. This includes monitoring walking at the same time of day, and type of day (weekend vs. weekday) before and after the signs are installed. Some examples of monitoring methods include:

n Periodic manual counts: Using this monitoring method, a person or a group of people manually count travelers at the point of decision. Count both the number of travelers entering the area and the number of travelers choosing to walk, instead of ride the train or shuttle. Counts should be conducted for a pre-determined period of time using standardized recording methods each time.




n

n

Strengths: Nothing to be physically installed; doesn’t require purchasing products or software; can be completed with minimal equipment.

Limitations: Requires ongoing commitment of personnel and time; subject to human error; can only get traffic data for certain blocks of time.

n Infrared sensors: These sensors detect heat waves from travelers. Using additional information processing, these sensors can actually track individual travelers and which direction they are moving.

n Strengths: small and inconspicuous; most can detect bi-directional movement.

n

n

n

n

Strengths: small and inconspicuous; inexpensive to install and maintain.

Limitations: may undercount in crowded locations; cannot detect direction of movement.

Limitations: requires purchasedequipment and software; requiresinstallation of equipment.

Interrupted beam sensors: This systemdetects interruptions in a low-powered beamof light as travelers walk through its path.


Notes


Notes


Notes

“Walking for better health may seem simplistic, but sometimes the most important things we can do are also the

easiest and most obvious. It’s time to step it up, America! The journey to better health begins with a single step.”

—FOREWORD FROM U.S. SURGEON GENERAL VIVEK H. MURTHY, STEP IT UP! THE SURGEON GENERAL’S CALL TO ACTION TO PROMOTE

WALKING AND WALKABLE COMMUNITIES

“Encouraging walking in airports not only shows you care about the health and wellness of your travelers and employees, but it can also improve the customer experience. Here at Hartsfield-Jackson,

we have seen a significant increase in people walking between concourses thanks to the CDC’s Walk to Fly project.”

—REESE MCCRANIE, DIRECTOR OF POLICY AND COMMUNICATIONS, HARTSFIELD-JACKSON ATLANTA INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT

Date post:	12-Jun-2018
Category:	Documents
Upload:	vannhan
View:	215 times
Download:	0 times

Promoting Airport Walking Airport Walking: A Guide is a product of the Centers for Disease Control...

Documents