JOINT PROGRAMME ON PRO WATER
PROMOTING WATER AND SANITATION ACCESS, INTEGRITY, EMPOWERMENT, RIGHTS AND RESILIENCY
The Integrated Safe Water, Sanitation and
Hygiene Approach
iWaSH Framework: Work
in Progress
Introduction to Sanitation Concepts and Approaches within an iWaSH Framework
7-9 June 2016 Ritz Tower, Tacloban City
Presentation Outline
1. Context
2. Evolving iWaSH Framework a. iWaSH Vision and Goals
b. Implementation of iWaSH: The PRO WATER Approach
3. Entry Points
Context: Why integrate? - Global
Integrated Water Resources Management
The fundamental principles governing integrated water management were laid down during the 1992 Dublin International Conference on Water and the Environment. These are:
• Fresh water is a finite and vulnerable resource, essential to sustain life, development and the environment.
• Water has an economic value in all its competing uses and should be recognised as an economic good.
• Water development and management should be based on a participatory approach, involving users, planners and policymakers at all levels.
• Women play a central part in the provision, management and safeguarding of water resources.
Context: Why integrate? - Global
Sustainable Development Goals 2030 TARGETS
• to eliminate open defecation;
• to achieve universal access to basic drinking water, sanitation and hygiene for households, schools and health facilities;
• to halve the proportion of the population without access at home to safely manage drinking water and sanitation services; and
• to progressively eliminate inequalities in access.
Impact of water, sanitation and hygiene in achieving the 16 other goals
Context: Why integrate? - Global
Based on the Study on the Integration of Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene for the Prevention and Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs)
• Although there is biological plausibility and a growing body of evidence suggesting impacts of WASH improvement on several NTDs; more specific information about which WASH interventions are effective at mitigating exposure and reinfection, and how WASH interventions act in concert with mass drug administration (MDA), is needed.
Missing the target: the WASH Nexus
Context: Why integrate? - Global
• Refining the Definitions of Water and Sanitation: An Ongoing Process and the Ladder Concept of the UNICEF and WHO Joint Monitoring Programme The JMP is always looking for ways to improve monitoring of access to drinking-water and sanitation. In its 2008 report, the JMP developed a new way of presenting the access figures, by disaggregating and refining the data on drinking-water and sanitation and reflecting them in "ladder" format. This allows the JMP to report on a more nuanced picture of access that goes beyond the improved/unimproved dichotomy.
Context: Why integrate? - National
Various Laws and Plans that are related, reinforcing, similarities in mandates and sometimes overlapping
Laws
• 1976 National Water Code (PD 1067)
• Water Utilities Act of 1973
• Philippines Clean Water Act (R.A 9275)
• Sanitation Code of the Philippines (PD 856)
• Various Environmental Laws
• Executive Order 62 – Pnoy Administration
Context: Why integrate? - National Various Laws and Plans that are related, reinforcing, similarities in mandates and sometimes overlapping
Pending Bills
• S.B. No. 2397 – An Act Instituting Reforms in the Water Industry, Rationalization, Allocation and Distribution of Service Areas, Provision of Incentives for Infrastructure Development or for New, Clean, Efficient and Ecological Technologies, Reorganizing the National Water Resources Board, Creating Local Water Supply and Sanitation Companies, Amending for the Purpose Certain Laws and for other Related Purposes
Context: Why integrate? - National Various Laws and Plans that are related, reinforcing, similarities in mandates and sometimes overlapping
Plans
• PDP 2011-2016 Outcome 4 – Human development improved, Outcome 11.1 Access to Water Supply
increased; Outcome 11.2 Waterless areas reduced; Outcome 11.3 Access to basic Sanitation increased; and Outcome 11.4 Zero open defecation achieved
• Philippine Sustainable Sanitation Roadmap
• Philippine Water Supply Sector Roadmap
• National Sustainable Sanitation Plan
• National Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) Plan Framework
Context: Why integrate? - National
• The 2013 Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Assessment conducted by ADB states that at the moment, more than 30 different agencies in the country have some role in water resources and water supply and sanitation.
• The report explains that at the local level for example, the DILG, the DOH, the DPWH, and the LWUA have all at one time or another started to pursue rural water supply improvement programs based on various parameters.
Context: Why iWaSH? National level perspective
• 455 Waterless Municipalities & 1,353 Waterless Barangays
• Practice of Open Defecation
• Poor Water Quality
• Diseases & Deaths - Water and Sanitation Related
Fragmentation of: • Policies • Structures • Budgets • Programmes • HR
• Un-sustainable WASH Programmes
• Lack of transparency –corruption
• Elite control
PROCESS OF IWASH FRAMEWORK DEVELOPMENT
Building on the Gains of the MDGs towards the SDGs
MDG Fund PACDE RBAP
Scaling Up
SDG Fund
Local Water Governance & Infrastructure
Water Integrity
Regional Hubs PRO WATER
Start of Framework Development : Looking at Governance of iWaSH
Strengthening the Governance Approach through the Democratization of Integrated Safe Water Sanitation and Hygiene
Governance
• Integrated approach – implementing safe water, sanitation and hygiene as a whole package that incorporates gender responsiveness, climate change adaptability, public-private partnerships
Democracy
• Driven by voice and participation mechanisms and community monitoring
Towards Improving Access
• Rights based
WATSAN WATSAN WATSANt
TARGET CLAIM
HOLDERS
WOMEN AND GIRLS,
COMMUNITY GROUPS &
LGUS
GENDER &
HUMAN
RIGHTS
INTEGRITY RESILIENCY
Safe
Water Hygiene
PRO WATER is implemented in 3 reinforcing components: • Component 1:
Strengthening Governance • Component 2: Broadening
Access • Component 3: Generating
Knowledge
HOUSEHOLDS
SCHOOLS
HEALTH
CLINICS
ACCESS
EMPOWERMENT
PUBLIC
SPACES
PRO WATER IMPLEMENTING FRAMEWORK
PRINCIPLES
SPATIAL IMPACT
AREAS
ELEMENTS
Sanitation
Safe Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Integration Approach – Governance Visualization (Work in Progress)
Safe Water
Sanitation Hygiene
iWaSH Governance
Approach
Dimensions of Water Governance
Rights Based Dimensions of Water
•Availability
•Quality
•Accessibility
•Affordability
•Information Accessibility
•Acceptability
At the iWaSH governance dimension
•To realize integration: transparency, accountability, and participation (the main pillars for good governance) can be the main thrusts and the overall goal of the cooperation on safe water, sanitation and hygiene.
iWaSH governance cross cutting principles CCA - Sustainable Approaches to WASH
• Sustainable
• Gender Equality
• Public-Private Partnerships
Spatial Integration
•Households
•Day Care Centers and Schools
•Health Centers
•Public Spaces – especially women’s spaces
ENTRY POINTS FOR OPERATIONALIZING IWASH
iWaSH Vision
•Healthy communities that have adequate and equitable access to water and sanitation, and that practice good hygiene.
National Mandates
Local Government Code of 1991 or Republic Act 7160
Sections 17 & 18
Provision of Basic Safe Water, Sanitation and Hygiene is a function devolved to Local Government Units
For Barangay (8):
(ii) Health and social welfare services which include maintenance of barangay health
center and day-care center;
(iii) Services and facilities related to general hygiene and sanitation, beautification, and solid waste collection;
(v) Maintenance of barangay roads and bridges and water supply systems;
National Mandates Local Government Code of 1991 or Republic Act 7160
Sections 17 & 18
Provision of Basic Safe Water, Sanitation and Hygiene is a function devolved to Local Government Units
For Municipalities (12): (ii) community-based forestry projects which include integrated social forestry programs - area not exceeding fifty (50) square kilometers
(vi) Solid waste disposal system or environmental management system and services or facilities related to general hygiene and sanitation;
(viii) Infrastructure facilities - communal irrigation, small water impounding projects and other similar projects; fish ports; artesian wells, spring development, rainwater collectors and water supply systems…
National Mandates Local Government Code of 1991 or Republic Act 7160
Sections 17 & 18
Provision of Basic Safe Water, Sanitation and Hygiene is a function devolved to Local Government Units
For Provinces (12): (iii) enforcement of forestry laws limited to community-based forestry projects, pollution control law, small-scale mining law, and other laws on the protection of the environment; and mini-hydroelectric projects for local purposes;
(vii) Infrastructure facilities - inter-municipal waterworks, drainage and sewerage, flood control, and irrigation systems; reclamation projects; and similar facilities;
Funding for iWaSH
LGC Section 17 (g)
• The basic services and facilities hereinabove enumerated shall be funded from the share of local government units in the proceeds of national taxes and other local revenues and funding support from the national government, its instrumentalities and government-owned or controlled corporations which are tasked by law to establish and maintain such services or facilities.
• Any fund or resource available for the use of local government units shall be first allocated for the provision of basic services or facilities enumerated in subsection (b) hereof before applying the same for other purposes, unless otherwise provided in this Code.
Local Planning
Solid waste management system in place covers 100% of HHs Septage management plan in place and services accessible to all HHs Safe management of animal excreta Water quality management plan (water quality testing, water sources /points protection) Comprehensive WASH plan to sustain WASH services &reinforce positive WASH behaviours Mechanism to monitor WASH behaviours and availability of WASH services
100% use of sanitary toilets (each HH is using its own toilet) 100% availability of water and soap at or nearby toilet Safe disposal of children’s and elderly person’s excreta All schools have at least one sanitary toilet for girls and one sanitary toilet for boys. All government institutions have at least one sanitary toilet. Mechanism to monitor ZOD behaviours and sustainability of G2 indicators Community plan to get to G3
Excreta-free open spaces, drains & water bodies 100% use of hygienic toilets (up to 2-3 households sharing per toilet) 100% availability of water and soap at or nearby toilet Safe child excreta disposal Safe elderly persons' excreta disposal Mechanism to monitor ZOD behaviours Community plan to get to G2
G3: TOTAL
SANITATION
G2: SUSTAINABLE SANITATION
G1: ZERO OPEN
DEFECATION
More that 50% of HHs are connected to Level 2 & 3
water supply facilities
iWaSH Assessment iWaSH Sectoral Plan
100% of HHs are connected to Level 2 & 3 water supply
facilities
iWaSH Governance
Water Safety
Sanitation and
Hygiene
Water Supply
Safe Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Integration Approach – Visualization of Water Safety as an Entry Point
(Work in Progress)
Safe Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Integration Approach – Visualization of Synchronized Implementation
(Work in Progress)
• Water Supply
• Sanitation and Hygiene
• Water Safety Assessment
• Water Supply
• Sanitation and Hygiene
• Water Safety Planning
• Water Supply
• Sanitation and Hygiene
• Water Safety
Infrastructure Design & Behavioral Change
Strategies
• Water Supply
• Sanitation and Hygiene
• Water Safety Monitoring
Common Assessment on Water, Sanitation and Hygiene
One (1) Sector Plan
One (1) Governance Structure for iWaSH
Standardize hard infrastructure iWaSH design - CCA, Gender responsive, PPP
One (1) Transparency and Accountability Structure – Community led
Implementation of iWaSH PRO WATER Approach: Defining the Locus & Roles
Municipal Level
Provincial
Regional
National
Global
Capacity development and institutional strengthening , M&E, Communication, Knowledge Dissemination – WATSAN – by Regional WATSAN Hubs
M&E, Resource Mobilization and Investments for Scale Up, Communication, Knowledge Management, inter municipal approaches
Programming, M&E Resource Mobilization and Investments, Communication, Knowledge Dissemination, M&E of SDGs
Resource Mobilization and Investments, Communication, Knowledge Dissemination
Standardize behavioral change campaigns iWaSH design - CCA, Gender responsive, PPP
Proposed Roles in iWaSH Implementation
Emerging Tasks NGAs LGUs NGOs, CSOs, WSPs, RHUBs
Assessments Provide guidance/guidelines, technical assistance
Conduct assessments Conduct assessments
Planning and Budgeting
Provide guidance/guidelines, technical assistance
Plan and Budget Provide guidance, technical assistance
Policy Development Issue policies Issue policies Monitor and evaluate – 3rd party/watchdog
Behavioral Change Provide guidance/guidelines, technical assistance
Conduct campaigns, programmes
Conduct campaigns, programmes
Infrastructure Provide guidance/guidelines, technical assistance, financing, permits
Financing and implementation
Monitor and evaluate – 3rd party/watchdog
Community organizing
Progress of Targets, Compliance to national policies
Progress of Targets, Compliance to national policies
Monitor and evaluate progress
Maintenance and Operations
Provide guidance/guidelines, technical assistance
Maintain and operate Monitor and evaluate – 3rd party/watchdog
What else needs to be done to operationalize iWaSH – 2017 – 2022:
• Communicate Mutual Benefits for Collaboration between Sectors
• Operationalizing iWaSH Governance through Infrastructure Design and Behavioral Change Approaches
• Advocacy, Policy, and Communication
• Capacity Building and Training
• Mapping, Data Collection, and Monitoring
• Research
WATER IS LIFE; SANITATION IS DIGNITY
What is life without dignity?