Effectiveness of different methods of extractions from the bitter melon on

Head Lice

By: Valeria Laboy UPR Cayey

06/18/15

Problem

• Which method of extraction of the bitter melon leaf is more effective in eliminating Pediculosis?

Hypothesis

• The process of infusion in ethanol will remove the active ingredients effectively for head lice removal.

Background information

• Pediculosis (or head lice) is a great public health problem, it consists of a parasitic insect known has head lice or pediculus humanus

• It feeds on blood by injecting toxins that can irritate the skin.

• Its life cycle is about 30 days

• Female head lice can deposit about 200 eggs.

Transmission

• The transmission of pediculosis consists of direct contact with an infested organism– Such as clothing – Hair brush or comb sharing.

Background Information

• A known treatment for Pediculosis is the extract from the leaf of Momordica charantia plant also know as Bitter Melon.

• Its found in tropical areas such as:– Amazon– East Africa– Asia– Caribbean

Background information

• This medicinal plant is known for treating diabetes, reducing inflammation, killing bacteria and parasites.

• *Folkloric uses: – Irritations in skin– Menstrual Problems – Cancer – Diabetes (prepared in Teas)

*Jesica Torres Kolbus, Momordica charantia L. Extractos, compuestos caracterizados y estudios de actividad antidiabética ,UPR Cayey, 04/16/2008. Retrieved on: 07/03/15

Mordica charantia (Bitter Melon)

Importance • It is important to know about this problem because

pediculosis can cause serious problems when not treated.

• The goal of this research is to search for an effective

way of treating head lice– cost effective – create awareness and control of this disease.– New product for the market with less harmful effects.

• This may contribute significantly in treating underdeveloped places of the world.

Research Findings

• The research findings will be used to aware people, that do not have the accessibility or effectiveness of a brand product, of an effective treatment using the leaves of the Bitter melon.

Methodology

• Two methods of extraction will be used: • Infusion: – Consists of cutting the leaves in pieces and applying

boiling water.

• Maceration:– Consist of cutting the leaves in pieces and putting them

in water. This process is performed at room temperature.

Methodology:

Gathering of leaves

Wash the leaves in

distilled water

Infusion

Ethanol Water

Maceration

Ethanol Water

Methodology Infusion and Maceration

Filter Paper

Fume hood

Maceration testing

Test with Lice (Ethanol)

Test with Lice (Water)

Infusion testing

Test with Lice (Ethanol)

Test with Lice (Water)

Acetone

Methodology

• Experimentation-• Lice – Feeding daily on a host. – Should be kept at 30–32C and 70–80%

relative humidity.

• The filter papers then should be stored in aluminum foil at 4C until use.

Chromatographic Test

• A chromatographic test should be done to identify and separate components of the plants and each extract.

– HPLC (high-performance liquid chromatography)

Possible Setbacks

• Lice cultivation:– During the process of cultivation the lice might

find some complication leading them to death.

– Possible errors in the extraction methods

– Possible error in the filter paper impregnation

Future Studies

• Given the results of the experiments further studies might include combinations of other substances with the extract to treat pediculosis.

References:

• J. A. Hunter Æ S. C. Barker Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, and Institute for Molecular Biosciences, Susceptibility of head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis) to pediculicides in Australia Received: 15 January 2003 / Accepted: 12 March 2003 / Published online: 26 June 2003 (Retrieved: 14/06/15)

• Muayad S. Shawkat, Ali Q. Khazaal, Majid R. Majeed, Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, University of Baghdad. Baghdad- Iraq EXTRACTION OF PYRETHRINS FROM Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium PETALS AND STUDY ITS ACTIVITY AGAINST BEETLE FLOUR Tribolium castanum Iraqi Journal of Science, Vol.52, No.4, 2011, PP.456-463 Retrieved: 14/06/15

• Melvin J. Aviles Miranda; Elba Reyes ,PhD: Isolation and identification of potentially Bioactive Compounds from Momordica Charantia L. “Cundeamor”, Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico at Cayey. 06/08/11 Retrived on: 07/03/15

References • S L Diaz Efficacy of fipronil in the treatment of pediculosis in laboratory rats

PUB. DATE une 2005 Laboratory Animals;Jun2005, Vol. 39 Issue 3, p331 Retrieved: 17/06/15

• Herbal teas – decoction, infusion or maceration? [06 March 2012 - 15h09] [updated the 22 December 2013 à 20h43] Retrieved: 17/06/15

• High performance liquid chromatography, The linde group, Retrieved on : 07/01/15 http://hiq.linde-gas.com/en/analytical_methods/liquid_chromatography/high_performance_liquid_chromatography.html

• Decocción, maceración e infusión http://bibdigital.rjb.csic.es/Imagenes/61_GOM_Pl_Med_Guinea_Ec/GOM_Pl_Med_Guinea_Ec_022.pdf Retrieved: 17/06/15

Thank you for your attention!