Proposed Soil Indicators on Erosion

EIONET Workshop, Barcelona 6-7 May 2003

Proposed Soil Indicators on Erosion

SESSION 3

Presentation of the

proposed soil

indicators

- EROSION:

Objectives

Data Sources

Land erosive status indicator

Land Use Changes indicators

Changes in agricultural areas and Soil Erosion Indicators

Arturo Fernández-PalaciosManuel Rodríguez SurianJosé M. Moreira Madueño

Jaume Fons EsteveJuan J. Ibañez Martí



OBJECTIVES

• Development of indicators on soil erosion using regional information but considering their applicability at European scale

• Particular analysis of the influence of land uses changes in agricultural areas on soil erosion

SESSION 3

Presentation of the

proposed soil

indicators

- EROSION:

Objectives

Data Sources






Data Sources

Area of Andalusia: 87. 600Km2SESSION 3

Presentation of the

proposed soil

indicators

- EROSION:

Objectives

Data Sources






Data Sources Soil Map& DBSESSION 3

Presentation of the

proposed soil

indicators

- EROSION:

Objectives

Data Sources






Data Sources Land Cover Monitoring DB

19911995

1999

SESSION 3

Presentation of the

proposed soil

indicators

- EROSION:

Objectives

Data Sources






Data SourcesSoil Loss by Hydric Erosion

AssessmentSESSION 3

Presentation of the

proposed soil

indicators

- EROSION:

Objectives

Data Sources





SESSION 3

Presentation of the

proposed soil

indicators

- EROSION:

Objectives

Data Sources




LAND EROSIVE STATUS INDICATORLAND EROSIVE STATUS INDICATOR


SESSION 3

Presentation of the

proposed soil

indicators

- EROSION:

Objectives

Data Sources





LAND EROSIVE STATUS INDICATOR

Richness of Leptosols


SESSION 3

Presentation of the

proposed soil

indicators

- EROSION:

Objectives

Data Sources





LAND EROSIVE STATUS INDICATORERODED SOILSCAPES BY COUNTRIES

26%

16%15%

40%

4%3%

1%

3%2%

5%

1%

5% 5%

7%

11%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

40%

45%

Portugal

Italy

Spain

Greec

e

Nether

lands

Denm

ark

England

Belgiu

m

Germ

any

S-Irel

and

N-Ire

land

Scotla

nd

Luxem

bourg

France

Wes

tern

Euro

pe

%

ANDALUSIA


SESSION 3

Presentation of the

proposed soil

indicators

- EROSION:

Objectives

Data Sources





LAND EROSIVE STATUS INDICATOR


SESSION 3

Presentation of the

proposed soil

indicators

- EROSION:

Objectives

Data Sources




LAND USE CHANGES INDICATORSLAND USE CHANGES INDICATORS


SESSION 3

Presentation of the

proposed soil

indicators

- EROSION:

Objectives

Data Sources





LAND USE CHANGES 1991-1999

Total changes 1.566.452 ha

18 %


SESSION 3

Presentation of the

proposed soil

indicators

- EROSION:

Objectives

Data Sources





LAND USE CHANGES

Artificial Surfaces

Water courses and water bodies

Non-irrigated arable land

Other water bodies

Permanently irrigated land

Olives groves

DESTINATION OF LOSSES IN FORESTS AND SEMI-NATURAL AREAS


SESSION 3

Presentation of the

proposed soil

indicators

- EROSION:

Objectives

Data Sources





LAND USE CHANGES IN AGRICULTURAL AREAS AND

NEW AGRICULTURAL AREAS 1991-1999


SESSION 3

Presentation of the

proposed soil

indicators

- EROSION:

Objectives

Data Sources





LAND USE CHANGESLand Uses Changes in Agricultural Areas 1991-1999

332338

108095

30738

74695

14456

5032

49307 50012

0

50000

100000

150000

200000

250000

300000

350000

Total Changesin agriculturalareas induced

s

To olives groves

To Non irrigatedarable land

To Irrigatedherbaceuscrops

To IrrigatedPermanentcrops

To Under plastic crops

Mosaics ofnon irrigated

Permanent crops

Mosaics ofIrrigatedPermanent crops

Has.


SESSION 3

Presentation of the

proposed soil

indicators

- EROSION:

Objectives

Data Sources





LAND USE CHANGESLand Uses Changes from Natural to Agricultural

114769

17201

44658

7020 5622 5609

5003 2187

27466

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

140000

Total zonasnaturales

hacia agrícolade referencia

Olivar Secano Regadíohebáceos

Regadíoleñosos

InvernaderosMosaicoscon leñososen secano

Mosaicoscon leñosos

en riego

Mosaicoscon

vegetaciónnatural

Has.

Total Changes in forest and semi-natural areas induced

by agricultural

areas

To Non irrigated

arable land

To Irrigated herbaceus

crops

To Irrigated

permanent crops

To under plastic crops

Mosaics of non

irrigated and

permanent crops

Mosaics of irrigated

and permanent

crops

Agro-forestry

areas

To olive groves


SESSION 3

Presentation of the

proposed soil

indicators

- EROSION:

Objectives

Data Sources





CHANGES IN AGRICULTURAL AREAS CHANGES IN AGRICULTURAL AREAS AND SOIL EROSION INDICATORSAND SOIL EROSION INDICATORS


SESSION 3

Presentation of the

proposed soil

indicators

- EROSION:

Objectives

Data Sources





Changes in agricultural areas and soil erosion indicators

Low

Moderate

High

Very High

AVERAGE SOIL LOSSES FOR 1991


SESSION 3

Presentation of the

proposed soil

indicators

- EROSION:

Objectives

Data Sources






Low

Moderate

High

Very High

AVERAGE SOIL LOSS FOR 1991AVERAGE SOIL LOSSES FOR 1999


SESSION 3

Presentation of the

proposed soil

indicators

- EROSION:

Objectives

Data Sources






Evolution of Soil Losses in Agricultural Areas which suffered LU chages

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

Olive groves Non irrigatedherbaceous

crops

Irrigatedherbaceous

crops

PermanentIrrigatedcrops

Mosaics ofpermanentand nonirrigatedcrops

Mosaics ofpermanent

and irrigatedcrops

Under plasticcrops

land use in 1999

So

il L

oss

es

in T

m/h

a/ye

ar

1991

1999

-3,7

0,0

-10,4

-27,1

-14,1

4,9

-84,1-90,0

-80,0

-70,0

-60,0

-50,0

-40,0

-30,0

-20,0

-10,0

0,0

10,0

% v

ari

ati

on

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

1991 1999

Changes in agricultural areas

So

il L

oss

es i

n T

m/h

a/ye

ar

SOIL LOSS DECREASES 5.2% IN AGRICULTURAL AREAS


SESSION 3

Presentation of the

proposed soil

indicators

- EROSION:

Objectives

Data Sources






Evolution of Soil Losses in Natural Areas Which Suffered LU changes towards agricultural uses

0102030405060708090

Olive groves Non irrigatedherbaceous

crops

Irrigatedherbaceous

crops

Permanentirrigatedcrops

Mosaics ofpermanent

non irrigatedcrops

Mosaics ofpermanentirrigatedcrops

Agro-forestryareas

Agro-forestry

areas w ithnon irrigated

crops

Under plasticcrops

Land Use in 1999

So

il L

oss

es in

Tm

/ha/

year

1991

1999

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

1991 1999

Changes in natural areas

So

il L

oss

es i

n T

m/h

a/ye

arSOIL LOSS INCREASES 202% IN NATURAL AREAS


SESSION 3

Presentation of the

proposed soil

indicators

- EROSION:

Objectives

Data Sources






Average Soil Losses in Areas Under LU Changes inside and towards Agricultural land uses

22,3

29,4

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

1991 1999

So

il L

oss

es i

n T

m/h

a/ye

ar

SOIL LOSS INCREASES 32% IN NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL AREAS


SESSION 3

Presentation of the

proposed soil

indicators

- EROSION:

Objectives

Data Sources




Conclussions

Proposed Soil Indicators on Erosion Conclussions

1-The proposed indicator on land erosive status is interesting to assess the present situation of soil degradation (30% in the test region). It is useful for its simplicity and applicability, but new analysis are needed.

2-Soil erosion evaluation is highly depending on territorial information. Integrated approach is required and land use monitoring is essential (18% of the territory experimented land use change between 1991-1999).

3-The proposed indicators change in agricultural areas/soil erosion for the test region illustrated global incidence of these land uses changes on soil erosion, and the unequal incidence of the changes induced on natural areas (+202% of soil loss) and agricultural areas(-5%).

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Proposed Soil Indicators on Erosion

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