Extending the Bill Of Rights

Protecting All Americans

Limits to the Bill of Rights

Bill of rights originally protects only adult white males

• Women could not vote

• African Americans had no rights at all

Three Amendments after the Civil War13th Amendment – 1865

o Officially outlawed slaveryo Freed millions of African Americans

However:

o did not guarantee full rights

“Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall existed within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.”

The Fourteenth Amendment

Section. 1. All persons born or naturalized in the United States and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside…

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The Civil War Amendments14th Amendment - 1868was a response to the “black codes” which allowed southern states to restrict African American’s rights.

˃ A US citizen was anyone who was born or naturalized in the US, which included most African Americans

˃ Every state had to give its citizens “equal protection under the laws”

In your notes: » How would you define the word “citizen”

based on the 14th Amendment?

“All persons born or naturalized in the United

States…are citizens of the United States and the state

wherein they reside.” Did you know…The word “Citizen” is used 13 times in the Constitution before it was ever defined.

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Natural Born Citizens Is there a specific definition of a natural born citizen in the

Constitution?

» Vaguely defined in the 14th Amendment of the Constitution

» Specifically defined by Title 8 of the U.S. Code created by Congress˃ Congress was given the power to create laws regarding naturalization in Article 1,

Section 8, Clause 4

“Congress shall have the power …to establish uniform

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Sample Question

Which statement completes the diagram? A. Joining a Military Service B. Obtaining a Driver’s License C. Becoming a Naturalized Citizen D. Receiving a Social Security Card

Benchmark SS.7.C.2.1

Read, write, and speak

English

Be of good moral

character Eligibility Requirements for???

Possess basic knowledge

of U.S. history and government

Civil War Amendments – 13, 14, 15

15th Amendment - 1870 – No state has the right to take away suffrage (right to vote) from anyone on the basis of race, color, or previous enslavement

Many states get around this Women still could not vote

“The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.”

EOC Questions

The 14th Amendment overruled the Supreme Court case of Dred Scott vs. Sandford. The landmark Supreme Court case determined which of the following points?

a. Slaves could not be citizens.

b. Non-landowners could not be citizens.

c. Blacks could not be citizens.

d. All persons born or naturalized in the United States vary

differently in citizen status.

EOC Questions

What is the best interpretation of the statement below? “The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.”

a. Only certain race and color citizens are allowed to vote.

b. Former slaves cannot be denied to vote.

c. Any race, color and previous status of slavery are allowed to vote.

d. The right of citizens is to vote.

EOC Question

The 14th Amendment refers to which of the following concepts?

a. Citizens’ rights in the states.

b. All persons born in the states are United States citizens.

c. All persons born or naturalized in the United States are

citizens.

d. Citizens’ rights related to voting.

19th Amendment (1920)

Guaranteed the right to vote to womeno Before 1920 states made

their own laws with regard to women voting

“The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex.

Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.”

24th Amendment -1964

Made Poll Taxes illegal in national elections

Up until the 1960’s many Southern states charged a fee to vote in attempt to avoid giving the vote to poor blacks & whites

26th Amendment - 1971

Establishes the right to vote for those age 18 years or older – down from 21 years.

Other Amendments

» 16th (1913) - allows Congress to levy an income tax

» 18th (1919) - Prohibition of alcohol

» 21st ( 1933) - Repealed prohibition

» 22nd (1947) - established the Presidential term limit

» 25th (1965) - clarified the filling of Presidential vacancy

» 27th ratified in 1992, 202 years after it was submitted and deals with

congressional salaries, originally proposed with the Bill of Rights

EOC Questions

Which of the following amendments improved women’s rights and roles in society?

a. Amendment 13

b. Amendment 14

c. Amendment 15

d. Amendment 19

EOC Questions

Amendments 15, 19 and 26 deal particularly with which of the following? a. civil rights b. voting rights c. women’s rights d. state’s rights

EOC Question

What is the best interpretation of the following statement? “Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall existed within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.”

a. Slavery and involuntary servitude is outlawed except as a punishment

for a crime in which the person has been convicted.

b. Slavery and involuntary servitude is subject to the jurisdiction area.

c. Slavery is a punishment for a crime.

d. Amendment 13

EOC Question

Which of the following is true about the extension amendment of the Bill of Rights, 13, 14, 15, 19, 24 and 26?

a. The amendments express people’s right to freedom.

b. The amendments express people’s opinions.

c. The amendments express people’s right to vote.

d. The amendments express people’s constitutional rights.

EOC Question

The main difference between the Voting Rights Amendments 15th and 26th involves which of the following concepts?

a. Age appropriateness to vote in both amendments

b. Any color of skin can vote (15th) and 18 years of age or

older (26th)

c. Only United States citizens can vote in both amendments

d. Women can vote (15th) and 18 years of age or older (26th)

EOC Question

What is the best interpretation of the following statement? “The right of citizens of the United States to vote in any primary or other election for President or Vice President, for electors for President or Vice President, or for Senator or Representative in Congress, shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or any State by reason of failure to pay poll tax or other tax.”

a. A citizen cannot be denied the right to vote if they have not paid their

taxes.

b. Failure for a citizen to pay a poll tax denies them the right to vote.

c. Taxes are needed to be paid when a citizen votes.

d. Citizens cannot be denied the right to vote for poll taxes and other taxes

EOC Question

The following quote refers to which of the following statements? “Because man and woman are the complement of one another, we need woman's thought in national affairs to make a safe and stable government.”

-Elizabeth Cady Stanton

a. The different roles of men and women complement each other.

b. When women think about national affairs, a safe and stable government

will be present.

c. Women’s vote is needed to complement men’s vote.

d. Women’s vote will add an important ingredient to men’s vote in

establishing a balanced and secured government structure.