Proton Strategic Analysis

8/10/2019 Proton Strategic Analysis

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12/24/2014


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FACTS

Profile of the company

Year-founder-size of production-revenue

Name Perusahan Otomobil Nasional Berhad (PROTON)

Year Founded 1983

Founder Mahathir Mohamad

Subsidiaries 11 Subsidiaries and 11 associated companies

manufacturing, research and development, sales and

service activities.

Adopted Technology Technology and parts from Mitsubishi MotorsFirst Car Proton Saga 1985

First Plant Shah Alam

Actual Size Of Production 350,000 units per year two plants combined

Revenue For 2010 8227 million RM

Average Revenue From 2006

Till 2010

6571 million RM

International Market Right hand drive market: New Zealand, UK as well as the

Middle East, South-East Asia and Australasia, but it was

mostly successful in UK12/24/2014 PROTON Official Website


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COLLABORATION/PARTNERSHIP

PROTON-MITSUBISHI PROTON SEPARATE PROTON + (?)MISSED OPPORTUNITIES

1985 SAGA: 1.3 or 1.5litre engines.

Simpler model of

the Lancer, a well-established and

popular

Mitsubishi model

for the mass market

2001 WAJA: its first home-designed model.

To expand its sales

internationally and

domestically, Proton

need to improve itstechnology.

2004-2007

Discussions with global

automotive original

equipmentmanufacturers (OEMs),

including General Motors

(GM), Peugeot and, more

recently, Volkswagen AG

went nowhere as none.

2004 Mitsubishi sold off itsstake in Proton.

Purchased by the

Malaysian government

EFFECT:

Deteriorating quality of proton products. Customers

perceived the quality of proton vehicles to be better when

they were still produced in partnership with Mitsubishi

Eventually, Mitsubishi agreed to form another alliance

with Proton, but only on a project basis.

12/24/2014 PROTON Annual Reports 2012


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INDUSTRY OVERVIEW

PROTON was Malaysia'sdominant auto manufacturer

until the establishment of

PERODUA, in the year 1993.

Now the Malaysian auto

market is dominated by

Malaysia's national cars,

PROTON and PERODUAwhich jointly accounted for

90 per cent of the vehicles

sold annually.

12/24/2014


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INDUSTRY OVERVIEW-Local Market

Competitors

Market share

37%

26%

12%

8%

10%

4%

3%

Market Share for each Manufacturer

in Malaysia as of Feb. 2013(Maybank Research Sector Update

March 2013) Perodua

Proton

Toyota

Honda

Nissan

Hyundai

Volkswagen

12/24/2014


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INDUSTRY OVERVIEW-International

Market

COUNTRYCars Sold 1985 -2012

NUMBER %

Malaysia 3,500,000 92%

United Kingdom 151,421 4%

China 85,922 2%

Australia 32,936 1%Singapore 23,950 1%

TOTAL 3,794,229 100%

Summary: only 8%of all sold cars were exported and 92% were

purchased in internal market12/24/2014

Source: (paultan.org - thestar.com.my- bernama.com.my- a4rzero.wordpress.com)
http://www.thestar.com.my/story.aspx?file=/2009/10/1/business/20091001141452&sec=businesshttp://a4rzero.wordpress.com/2012/11/29/proton-intl-sales/http://a4rzero.wordpress.com/2012/11/29/proton-intl-sales/http://www.thestar.com.my/story.aspx?file=/2009/10/1/business/20091001141452&sec=business


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PROTON STRATEGY

As per its Official Website and Annual Reports, PROTONlisted the following values as its core strategy values:

1. Quality

2. Customer Focus3. Innovation

4. Team Work

5. Speed

6. Caring

7. Honesty

High

Quality

and Low

Price!

12/24/2014 PROTON Annual Reports 2012


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12/24/2014

2-Threat of New Entrant

Low:

-high capital and investments are needed for such industry

-Lack of availability of the distribution channels especially as proton issupported by government

-brand loyalty of the customers of proton as it has been for a long timein the market as the only option

High:

-As government is working towards reducing taxes on importedautomobiles of foreign manufacturers, and as friendly import laws aremore considered, the threat is very high of preferring the foreignbrands if prices are in the same range with other brands being morefavorable

3-Threat of Substitutes

There is a high threat from the competitor Perdoua, as prices aremore affordable. Motorcycles are also highly considered as a

substitute

4-Supplier Power

-few dominant suppliers

-Since established, proton does not face serious problems fromsuppliers and moreover, it has secured channels by thegovernment and supported very well.

-because the industry is directly connected to safety and qualityof life of the customers. The most important factor which add upto the influence of the suppliers is the high cost of switching.

5-Buyer Power

The buyer will always choose the lower price car

1-Competitive Rivalry

As a local manufacturer who

advantages of high import taxes onforeign automobile brands, and who is

selling prices are affordable, there isonly Perodua which does not evencompete to proton in certain car

types.


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EXTERNAL STRATEGIC ANALYSISPORTERS FIVE FORCES

PORTERS

Five Forces

1-Competitive Rivalry

As a local manufacturer who advantages of high import taxes on foreign automobile brands, andwho is selling prices are affordable, there is only Perodua which does not even compete to protonin certain car types.

2-Threat of New Entrant

Low:

-high capital and investments are needed for such industry

-Lack of availability of the distribution channels especially as proton is supported by government

-brand loyalty of the customers of proton as it has been for a long time in the market as the only

optionHigh:

-As government is working towards reducing taxes on imported automobiles of foreignmanufacturers, and as friendly import laws are more considered, the threat is very high ofpreferring the foreign brands if prices are in the same range with other brands being morefavorable

12/24/2014


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PORTERS

Five Forces

4-Supplier Power

-few dominant suppliers

-Since established, proton does not face serious problems from suppliers and moreover,it has secured channels by the government and supported very well.

-because the industry is directly connected to safety and quality of life of the customers.The most important factor which add up to the influence of the suppliers is the high costof switching.

5-Buyer Power

The buyer will always choose the lower price car.

3-Threat of Substitutes

There is a high threat from the competitor Perdoua, as prices are more affordable.Motorcycles are also highly considered as a substitute

EXTERNAL STRATEGIC ANALYSISPORTERS FIVE FORCES Cont.

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EXTERNAL STRATEGIC ANALYSIS :PESTEL ANALYSIS

POLITICAL

AFTA *(Asian Free Trade

Area) (eradication of taxbarriers (+&-))

National Automobile

Policy (NAP)

ECONOMICAL

Highly competitive

Automotive Market

Effect of financial crisis

Pure consumer

segmentation

SOCIAL

Growing concern towardthe environmental issues

Growing Population

Customer loyalty-

Proton is National

Brand

TECHNOLOGICAL Poor introduction of new

technologies

Intellectual property

Potential for

development

LEGAL

Commitment for safety

and environmental

friendly cars

Government protection

New tariffs

ENVIRONMENTAL

Growing concern toward

the environmental issues

12/24/2014Jane Terpstra Tong, Robert H. Terpstra, and Ngat Chin Lim, (2012)


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Asean Free Trade Area(AFTA)

The establishing of AFTA council has raised challenges

and opportunities for PROTON:

Challenge:

Lose their Shares on Local Market

Opportunities:

Entrance To External Markets

Increase Export

12/24/2014Jane Terpstra Tong, Robert H. Terpstra, and Ngat Chin Lim, (2012)


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INTERNAL STRATEGIC ANALYSIS

VALUE CHAIN

Firm Infrastructure

Human Resource Management

Technology Development

Procurement

Inbound

Logistics

Operations Outbound

Logistics

Marketing

And Sales

Service

MARGIN

Primary Activities

Support

Activities

12/24/2014


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INTERNAL STRATEGIC ANALYSIS :SUPPORT ACTIVITIES

Firm

Infrastructure

Manufacturing plants, operating divisions - domination in a local market

Geographical location- opportunity for global investment and integration in business environment

Government protection

HR

Management

Collaboration with Universities (ratio of MSs and PhD among Employees),

Skills Development and Training (overseas trainingsRESULTcreate new models and built new

Hybrid Engines)

PIIC - Proton Innovation & Invention Competition 2010 (annual event which enables PROTON staff to

generate new ideas and interest in creating next generation cars among employees)

Technology

Development

PTAC - Proton Technology Advisory Council .

Task - timely preparation and risk mitigation of technology acquisition based on the information given by thepanels.

Purpose -advise and provide recommendation to PROTON on current, future technologies and global automotive

directions.

PTR - PROTON Technology Roadmap

Serves as a blueprint for the Company in shaping PROTONs car of the future. It forms an integral part of the

decision making process of the technologies that should be acquired so as to remain competitive and profitable

in the domestic and global market within a ten year time frame.

Technology Transfer

Protons engineers were attracted in Saudi Arabias project - Develop the plan of totally automotive development

and manufacturing capability. That project was run by King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), an

independent scientific organisation in Saudi Arabia.

Result :

the prototype car was successfully completed by 22 October 2010 and was showcased during the Riyadh Motor

Show from 49 December 2010.

Procurement

Supply chain ( raw materials, parts and components) from foreign a

well as local manufacturing


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INTERNAL STRATEGIC ANALYSIS: PRIMARY ACTIVITIES

Inbound

Logistics

Operations Outbound

Logistics

Marketing and

Sales

Service

In 2005: 287 vendors

3000 sub-

suppliers

5000

components

Only 10% of

them hold

Grade A

ranking

RESULT:

60% defects

because of poor

quality of suppliers

CHANGE STRATEGY:

Reduce number of

vendors to 180 Increase inbound

control

In 2010:1 ) ENGINEERING SERVICES*

* (comments in next slide)

2) MANUFACTURING

PROTON Shah Alam

Capacity is 150,000 units

MVFscapacity is 50,000

Total capacity of200,000 units per year.

PROTON Tanjung Malim

Annual capacity of 150,000

units.

PROSPECTS

plan to deliver 189,900units up

to 91%.

3) QUALITY CONTROL**

Strategy vision:

Quality Improvement as a

cost reduction

** (see comments next to eng.

services comments)

In 20122 CLASS-es(The Centre for Logistics,

Allocation, Storage and

Services )

ACCOMODATION

CAPACITY

Sijangkang7.000 cars

Tanjung

Malim6.000 cars

service internal market and

preparing cars for shipment

to the export

RESULT

The CLASS process enablesto reduce a host of

problems, including multiple

handling by 40%,

unnecessary waiting time to

a maximum of three days,

secondary defects and

excess inventory at staging

points

In 2005

special category of

dealers the

Approved Permit (AP)

holders.

In 2009

National Automotive

Policy (open APs would

be phased out by 2015

andfranchise APs by 2020)

EXPECTATIONWithout

open APs, most used car

dealers would not be

able to operate

Pre-purchasing

customer Financial

service ( agreement

between Proton and

CIMB) [5]

Government support

(loans in

2010 were available for

less than 23% per

annum)

A genuine Proton

service guarantees

(Service,design,consultancy,

and maintenance

centres which located

in Kuala Lumpur,

Selangor, Kedah,

Perlis, Kelantan,

Penang, Terengganu,

Perak, Pahang, Melaka,

Sembilan,Johor,

Sarawak, Sabah, WP

Labuan) 3*

12/24/2014

INTERNAL STRATEGIC ANALYSIS PRIMARY ACTIVITIES
http://www.servicecenter.com.my/proton-service-centre-listhttp://www.servicecenter.com.my/proton-service-centre-list-selangorhttp://www.servicecenter.com.my/proton-service-centre-list-kedahhttp://www.servicecenter.com.my/proton-service-centre-list-perlishttp://www.servicecenter.com.my/proton-service-centre-list-kelantanhttp://www.servicecenter.com.my/proton-service-centre-list-penanghttp://www.servicecenter.com.my/proton-service-centre-list-terengganuhttp://www.servicecenter.com.my/proton-service-centre-list-perakhttp://www.servicecenter.com.my/proton-service-centre-list-pahanghttp://www.servicecenter.com.my/proton-service-centre-list-melakahttp://www.servicecenter.com.my/proton-service-centre-list-sembilanhttp://www.servicecenter.com.my/proton-service-centre-list-johorhttp://www.servicecenter.com.my/proton-service-centre-list-johorhttp://www.servicecenter.com.my/proton-service-centre-list-sarawakhttp://www.servicecenter.com.my/proton-service-centre-list-sabahhttp://www.servicecenter.com.my/proton-service-centre-list-wp-labuanhttp://www.servicecenter.com.my/proton-service-centre-list-wp-labuanhttp://www.servicecenter.com.my/proton-service-centre-list-wp-labuanhttp://www.servicecenter.com.my/proton-service-centre-list-wp-labuanhttp://www.servicecenter.com.my/proton-service-centre-list-sabahhttp://www.servicecenter.com.my/proton-service-centre-list-sarawakhttp://www.servicecenter.com.my/proton-service-centre-list-johorhttp://www.servicecenter.com.my/proton-service-centre-list-sembilanhttp://www.servicecenter.com.my/proton-service-centre-list-melakahttp://www.servicecenter.com.my/proton-service-centre-list-pahanghttp://www.servicecenter.com.my/proton-service-centre-list-perakhttp://www.servicecenter.com.my/proton-service-centre-list-terengganuhttp://www.servicecenter.com.my/proton-service-centre-list-penanghttp://www.servicecenter.com.my/proton-service-centre-list-kelantanhttp://www.servicecenter.com.my/proton-service-centre-list-perlishttp://www.servicecenter.com.my/proton-service-centre-list-kedahhttp://www.servicecenter.com.my/proton-service-centre-list-selangorhttp://www.servicecenter.com.my/proton-service-centre-list


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INTERNAL STRATEGIC ANALYSIS:PRIMARY ACTIVITIEScont.

PRODUCT &

DEVELOPMENT

STYLING & TECHNOLOGY

DEVELOPMENT

PROCESS

IMPROVEMENTSIn 2009

Proton continues to improve and

made new models:

SAGA and Inspira.

In 2010

Global StylingPahlawan Series

Show Car

Product Lifecycle Management

An aggressive process improvement

initiative for managing product

developing (build the platform for

collaboration and integration of

business processes which help

PROTON improve operationalefficiency, refine product

management and eliminate

redundant processes.)

The Aim:

Convince that Company able to

produce high quality cars for

internal and external markets as

well

Vehicle Cost Reduction.

Companys main goals for achieve

VCR are:

1) Minimise effect of material cost

increase to the car price.

2) Consider cost improving activities

even at designing stage.

ENGINERING PROCESS

12/24/2014

INTERNAL STRATEGIC ANALYSIS PRIMARY ACTIVITIES


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INTERNAL STRATEGIC ANALYSIS: PRIMARY ACTIVITIESCont.

QUALITY CONTROLRIGHT CULTURE & RIGHT ATTITUDE in PEOPLE

Customer Focus: Towards Quality

Culture:

Innovative-Driven

Quality:

Total Quality

Ownership (TQO)

Quality Improvement

Team

Quality Improvement

Committee

All Innovation Matters

(AIM)

All programs that were

targeted to improve

quality affected

improving of supplier

quality performance by

50%.

Within one year QIT

represented by 560

employees implemented

more than 300

improvements for

problems that were

provided by customers.

The Committee every

week discuss,

recommend and resolve

Issues. are attended by all

operational units

Engineering, Group

Procurement,Manufacturing, Quality

and After Sales Division

and chaired by Director of

quality for achieve

Companys core values.

Plan-Do-Check-Action

(PDCA) cycle involve all

individuals for innovation

activities. It provided

Company almost 60.000

suggestions in 2010

which allowed to reducecost by 50 mln. MYR

12/24/2014


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INTERNAL STRATEGIC ANALYSIS: PRIMARY ACTIVITIESCont.

SERVICEPerusahaan Otomobil

Nasional

PROTON Shah Alam manufacturing

complex

product development, styling and

technology development,collaborations,

PROTON Tanjung Malim Sdn PROTON City industrial, commercial and residential

activities

Proton Edar Sdn Bhd Distribution Service Centre ???? [3] Motor Vehicle and Motor Vehicle Parts

and Supplies Merchant Wholesalersas

well as retail sales

Wholesale And Retail Sale Of All Kinds

Of Parts, Components, Supplies, Tools

And Accessories For Motor Vehicles

Proton Parts Centre Sdn Bhd joint venture company between

PROTON, EON and HICOM

Determined to be the logistic base

company that engages in sourcing,

warehousing and distributing of Proton

genuine parts for PROTON's market indomestic as well as overseas

Miyazu(M) Sdn Bhd leading die provider for Proton cars speciallizing in Automotive Tooling

Engineering, Design and Manufacturing

services

Lotus Engineering Malaysia

Sdn

Lotus Cars, Lotus Engineering and

Lotus Racing

consultancy services

12/24/2014
http://corporate.proton.com/http://corporate.proton.com/http://corporate.proton.com/Corporate/About-Proton/PROTON-Plants/Site-Location.aspxhttp://www.proton-edar.com.my/http://www.securities.com/subscribe_profiles.htmlhttp://www.securities.com/subscribe_profiles.htmlhttp://www.protonparts.com.my/http://www.miyazu.com.my/http://www.lotuscars.com/http://www.lotuscars.com/http://www.lotuscars.com/http://www.lotuscars.com/http://www.miyazu.com.my/http://www.miyazu.com.my/http://www.miyazu.com.my/http://www.miyazu.com.my/http://www.miyazu.com.my/http://www.protonparts.com.my/http://www.protonparts.com.my/http://www.protonparts.com.my/http://www.protonparts.com.my/http://www.securities.com/subscribe_profiles.htmlhttp://www.securities.com/subscribe_profiles.htmlhttp://www.proton-edar.com.my/http://www.proton-edar.com.my/http://www.proton-edar.com.my/http://www.proton-edar.com.my/http://www.proton-edar.com.my/http://www.proton-edar.com.my/http://corporate.proton.com/Corporate/About-Proton/PROTON-Plants/Site-Location.aspxhttp://corporate.proton.com/Corporate/About-Proton/PROTON-Plants/Site-Location.aspxhttp://corporate.proton.com/Corporate/About-Proton/PROTON-Plants/Site-Location.aspxhttp://corporate.proton.com/Corporate/About-Proton/PROTON-Plants/Site-Location.aspxhttp://corporate.proton.com/Corporate/About-Proton/PROTON-Plants/Site-Location.aspxhttp://corporate.proton.com/Corporate/About-Proton/PROTON-Plants/Site-Location.aspxhttp://corporate.proton.com/Corporate/About-Proton/PROTON-Plants/Site-Location.aspxhttp://corporate.proton.com/http://corporate.proton.com/http://corporate.proton.com/http://corporate.proton.com/http://corporate.proton.com/


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Grow or DISAPPEAR?

The company doesnt have a

choice but Increasing their

Markets. (For this purpose

they have to Develop

external Markets (AFTA

Countries)

Developing technologies by

attracting global automotive

original equipment

manufacturers could bring

additional competitive

advantagebydifferentiation.

And All THIS ACTIONS for:

Increasing Quality by

Decreasing Cost!!!

CURRENT

POSITION

Place where

they HAVE TO

BE

Place where

they COULD

BE

12/24/2014


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RECOMMENDATIONS

Conqueror external markets (AFTA members - Brunei, Indonesia,

Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Cambodia, Myanmar,

Laos and Vietnam).increase export of manufactured cars!

1. Be independent : collaborate with strategic partners whowill provide technologies for:

a) Improve quality: apply strict control over their suppliers in means of

timing and quality level

b) Decrease COST!

Option1 Option 2 Option 3

High QualityHigh

Price

Low pricePoor quality HighPrice and High

Qualityby free

technologies

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CONCLUSION

After analyzing Protons strategy vision which is

increasing quality along with decreasing cost,

they will not be able to implement it because

they still depend on acquiring external

technologies which is too costly for them.

However, their efforts for getting engaged with

Global Automotive Original EquipmentManufacturers (OEMs) is one of the best

available options for solving their issue.

12/24/2014


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REFERENCES

[1] Malaysia

http://paultan.org/2008/08/03/proton-produced-3000000-cars-since-1985/

UK

http://www.thestar.com.my/story.aspx?file=%2f2009%2f10%2f1%2fbusiness%2f20091001141452&sec=business

http://a4rzero.wordpress.com/2012/11/29/proton-intl-sales/

http://bestsellingcarsblog.com/2013/02/01/uk-full-year-2012-now-with-top-350-all-models-ranking/

China

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sales_of_Proton_Gen-2_and_Persona_%28EuropeStar_L3%29_and_EuropeStar_L5_in_China,_2010_-_mid_2013.png

Australia

New straits time- banks team up in money changing business 26/8/1996 Newspaper

http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=lQhPAAAAIBAJ&sjid=WRUEAAAAIBAJ&pg=4135,582145&dq=proton+australia&hl=

en

http://www.bernama.com.my/bernama/v3/news_lite.php?id=256973

http://bestsellingcarsblog.com/2013/01/05/australia-full-year-2012-mazda3-leads-again-in-record-market-no-local-model-

on-podium-for-the-first-time-since-1930s/

Singapore

http://a4rzero.wordpress.com/2012/11/29/proton-intl-sales/

http://media.straitstimes.com/coe1/annual_registration.html

12/24/2014
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lingcarsblog.com/2013/01/05/australia-full-year-2012-mazda3-leads-again-in-record-market-no-local-model-on-podium-for-the-first-time-since-1930s/http://bestsellingcarsblog.com/2013/01/05/australia-full-year-2012-mazda3-leads-again-in-record-market-no-local-model-on-podium-for-the-first-time-since-1930s/http://bestsellingcarsblog.com/2013/01/05/australia-full-year-2012-mazda3-leads-again-in-record-market-no-local-model-on-podium-for-the-first-time-since-1930s/http://bestsellingcarsblog.com/2013/01/05/australia-full-year-2012-mazda3-leads-again-in-record-market-no-local-model-on-podium-for-the-first-time-since-1930s/http://bestsellingcarsblog.com/2013/01/05/australia-full-year-2012-mazda3-leads-again-in-record-market-no-local-model-on-podium-for-the-first-time-since-1930s/http://bestsellingcarsblog.com/2013/01/05/australia-full-year-2012-mazda3-leads-again-in-record-market-no-local-model-on-podium-for-the-first-time-since-1930s/http://bestsellingcarsblog.com/2013/01/05/australia-full-year-2012-mazda3-leads-again-in-record-market-no-local-model-on-podium-for-the-first-time-since-1930s/http://bestsellingcarsblog.com/2013/01/05/australia-full-year-2012-mazda3-leads-again-in-record-market-no-local-model-on-podium-for-the-first-time-since-1930s/http://bestsellingcarsblog.com/2013/01/05/australia-full-year-2012-mazda3-leads-again-in-record-market-no-local-model-on-podium-for-the-first-time-since-1930s/http://bestsellingcarsblog.com/2013/01/05/australia-full-year-2012-mazda3-leads-again-in-record-market-no-local-model-on-podium-for-the-first-time-since-1930s/http://bestsellingcarsblog.com/2013/01/05/australia-full-year-2012-mazda3-leads-again-in-record-market-no-local-model-on-podium-for-the-first-time-since-1930s/http://bestsellingcarsblog.com/2013/01/05/australia-full-year-2012-mazda3-leads-again-in-record-market-no-local-model-on-podium-for-the-first-time-since-1930s/http://bestsellingcarsblog.com/2013/01/05/australia-full-year-2012-mazda3-leads-again-in-record-market-no-local-model-on-podium-for-the-first-time-since-1930s/http://bestsellingcarsblog.com/2013/01/05/australia-full-year-2012-mazda3-leads-again-in-record-market-no-local-model-on-podium-for-the-first-time-since-1930s/http://bestsellingcarsblog.com/2013/01/05/australia-full-year-2012-mazda3-leads-again-in-record-market-no-local-model-on-podium-for-the-first-time-since-1930s/http://bestsellingcarsblog.com/2013/01/05/australia-full-year-2012-mazda3-leads-again-in-record-market-no-local-model-on-podium-for-the-first-time-since-1930s/http://bestsellingcarsblog.com/2013/01/05/australia-full-year-2012-mazda3-leads-again-in-record-market-no-local-model-on-podium-for-the-first-time-since-1930s/http://bestsellingcarsblog.com/2013/01/05/australia-full-year-2012-mazda3-leads-again-in-record-market-no-local-model-on-podium-for-the-first-time-since-1930s/http://bestsellingcarsblog.com/2013/01/05/australia-full-year-2012-mazda3-leads-again-in-record-market-no-local-model-on-podium-for-the-first-time-since-1930s/http://bestsellingcarsblog.com/2013/01/05/australia-full-year-2012-mazda3-leads-again-in-record-market-no-local-model-on-podium-for-the-first-time-since-1930s/http://bestsellingcarsblog.com/2013/01/05/australia-full-year-2012-mazda3-leads-again-in-record-market-no-local-model-on-podium-for-the-first-time-since-1930s/http://www.bernama.com.my/bernama/v3/news_lite.php?id=256973http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=lQhPAAAAIBAJ&sjid=WRUEAAAAIBAJ&pg=4135,582145&dq=proton+australia&hl=enhttp://news.google.com/newspapers?id=lQhPAAAAIBAJ&sjid=WRUEAAAAIBAJ&pg=4135,582145&dq=proton+australia&hl=enhttps://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sales_of_Proton_Gen-2_and_Persona_(EuropeStar_L3)_and_EuropeStar_L5_in_China,_2010_-_mid_2013.pnghttps://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sales_of_Proton_Gen-2_and_Persona_(EuropeStar_L3)_and_EuropeStar_L5_in_China,_2010_-_mid_2013.pnghttps://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sales_of_Proton_Gen-2_and_Persona_(EuropeStar_L3)_and_EuropeStar_L5_in_China,_2010_-_mid_2013.pnghttps://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sales_of_Proton_Gen-2_and_Persona_(EuropeStar_L3)_and_EuropeStar_L5_in_China,_2010_-_mid_2013.pnghttps://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sales_of_Proton_Gen-2_and_Persona_(EuropeStar_L3)_and_EuropeStar_L5_in_China,_2010_-_mid_2013.pnghttps://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sales_of_Proton_Gen-2_and_Persona_(EuropeStar_L3)_and_EuropeStar_L5_in_China,_2010_-_mid_2013.pnghttps://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sales_of_Proton_Gen-2_and_Persona_(EuropeStar_L3)_and_EuropeStar_L5_in_China,_2010_-_mid_2013.pnghttp://bestsellingcarsblog.com/2013/02/01/uk-full-year-2012-now-with-top-350-all-models-ranking/http://bestsellingcarsblog.com/2013/02/01/uk-full-year-2012-now-with-top-350-all-models-ranking/http://bestsellingcarsblog.com/2013/02/01/uk-full-year-2012-now-with-top-350-all-models-ranking/http://bestsellingcarsblog.com/2013/02/01/uk-full-year-2012-now-with-top-350-all-models-ranking/http://bestsellingcarsblog.com/2013/02/01/uk-full-year-2012-now-with-top-350-all-models-ranking/http://bestsellingcarsblog.com/2013/02/01/uk-full-year-2012-now-with-top-350-all-models-ranking/http://bestsellingcarsblog.com/2013/02/01/uk-full-year-2012-now-with-top-350-all-models-ranking/http://bestsellingcarsblog.com/2013/02/01/uk-full-year-2012-now-with-top-350-all-models-ranking/http://bestsellingcarsblog.com/2013/02/01/uk-full-year-2012-now-with-top-350-all-models-ranking/http://bestsellingcarsblog.com/2013/02/01/uk-full-year-2012-now-with-top-350-all-models-ranking/http://bestsellingcarsblog.com/2013/02/01/uk-full-year-2012-now-with-top-350-all-models-ranking/http://bestsellingcarsblog.com/2013/02/01/uk-full-year-2012-now-with-top-350-all-models-ranking/http://bestsellingcarsblog.com/2013/02/01/uk-full-year-2012-now-with-top-350-all-models-ranking/http://bestsellingcarsblog.com/2013/02/01/uk-full-year-2012-now-with-top-350-all-models-ranking/http://bestsellingcarsblog.com/2013/02/01/uk-full-year-2012-now-with-top-350-all-models-ranking/http://bestsellingcarsblog.com/2013/02/01/uk-full-year-2012-now-with-top-350-all-models-ranking/http://bestsellingcarsblog.com/2013/02/01/uk-full-year-2012-now-with-top-350-all-models-ranking/http://bestsellingcarsblog.com/2013/02/01/uk-full-year-2012-now-with-top-350-all-models-ranking/http://bestsellingcarsblog.com/2013/02/01/uk-full-year-2012-now-with-top-350-all-models-ranking/http://bestsellingcarsblog.com/2013/02/01/uk-full-year-2012-now-with-top-350-all-models-ranking/http://bestsellingcarsblog.com/2013/02/01/uk-full-year-2012-now-with-top-350-all-models-ranking/http://bestsellingcarsblog.com/2013/02/01/uk-full-year-2012-now-with-top-350-all-models-ranking/http://a4rzero.wordpress.com/2012/11/29/proton-intl-sales/http://a4rzero.wordpress.com/2012/11/29/proton-intl-sales/http://a4rzero.wordpress.com/2012/11/29/proton-intl-sales/http://a4rzero.wordpress.com/2012/11/29/proton-intl-sales/http://a4rzero.wordpress.com/2012/11/29/proton-intl-sales/http://www.thestar.com.my/story.aspx?file=/2009/10/1/business/20091001141452&sec=businesshttp://www.thestar.com.my/story.aspx?file=/2009/10/1/business/20091001141452&sec=businesshttp://paultan.org/2008/08/03/proton-produced-3000000-cars-since-1985/http://paultan.org/2008/08/03/proton-produced-3000000-cars-since-1985/http://paultan.org/2008/08/03/proton-produced-3000000-cars-since-1985/http://paultan.org/2008/08/03/proton-produced-3000000-cars-since-1985/http://paultan.org/2008/08/03/proton-produced-3000000-cars-since-1985/http://paultan.org/2008/08/03/proton-produced-3000000-cars-since-1985/http://paultan.org/2008/08/03/proton-produced-3000000-cars-since-1985/http://paultan.org/2008/08/03/proton-produced-3000000-cars-since-1985/http://paultan.org/2008/08/03/proton-produced-3000000-cars-since-1985/http://paultan.org/2008/08/03/proton-produced-3000000-cars-since-1985/http://paultan.org/2008/08/03/proton-produced-3000000-cars-since-1985/http://paultan.org/2008/08/03/proton-produced-3000000-cars-since-1985/


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REFERENCES Cont.

1. Ir.chartnexus.com. 2013. Proton Holdings Berhad - Annual Reports 2011. [online] Available at:

http://ir.chartnexus.com/proton/flash/ar_2011/index.html [Accessed: 13 Nov 2013]

2. Careers-proton.com. 2013. Careers at PROTON. [online] Available at: http://www.careers-

proton.com/workingforproton.html [Accessed: 13 Nov 2013]

3. http://www.servicecenter.com.my/proton-service-centre-list

4. http://alpha-auto-service.com/service/

5. http://www.proton.com.au/about-proton/aftersales/service/

6. http://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/business/2013/09/23/sales-down-for-perodua-proton-in-august/ 7. 1stsustainable conference (pdf)

12/24/2014
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