Storage for a sustainable future The Global Leader in Advanced Energy Storage
Prudent Energy
Global Deployment of Prudent Energy's VRB® Energy Storage Systems and its applications in the German Market
Hugh Sharman – Prudent Energy
Georg Von Kriegsheim – Allmerus Energy at
IRES 2011
• Provides proprietary VRB® energy storage systems (VRB-ESS®) for grid
and renewable energy storage applications
• 10 years operations with the VRB® technology
• Over 20MWh commercial sales in last year
• Employees: ~200
• Manufacturing capacity: 15MW 100MWh per shift/year
• VRB and storage application Patents: control all substantial patents
including 44 issued patents and 56 pending patent applications in 34
countries
• Major Investors: MITSUI Corporation, State Power Group, DFJ and DT
Capital & others
Company Overview
About Prudent Energy
2
• Renewable energy management team with focus in the fields of storage,
solar production technology, biomass, international wind, and geothermal
projects
• Active since 2002
• Managing partners have held senior positions within German and American
utilities (E.ON, Tennessee Valley Authority, Thüga)
• Deep insights in the German and European energy markets
Company Overview
About AllMerus Energy
3
• AllMerus Energy has been mandated by Prudent Energy to evaluate, build
up, and manage sales of storage solutions in Germany
• Close coordination with Prudent Energy. Buildup of a joint Sales and Asset
Management company structure.
• Primary Focus on MW size storage solutions
• Discussions ongoing with wind and solar park owners and developers,
utilities and project developers
• Several concrete projects under discussion.
Company Overview
Cooperation Prudent Energy & AllMerus Energy
4
• Significant curtailment of wind
generation during grid congestion
periods causing localized energy
losses of up to 20% of annual
production
• Major projected increase of
stochastic power production in
the future with continued wind
and solar developments
• Increased strain on distribution
grid
• Higher volatility of power prices
caused by unmanageable
periodic market surplus of
renewable energy.
Market Conditions
Market Potential of Storage Solutions in Germany
5
• Reduce or avoid energy losses
by storing energy during
curtailment events to be supplied
to the grid post-curtailment event
• Offer reserve capacities/ ancillary
services in order to support
stabilization of local and regional
grids
• Increase market value of
renewable energy by storing
during low price periods and
selling it later at peak prices
Opportunities from Storage
Prudent VRB Technology
6
Advantages
No daily “off periods” - always on
Power and energy capacity can be
sized independently
Can operate at ANY SOC without life
impact
Lowest total cost of life - unlimited
cycles of electrolyte with no loss of
any performance parameter
Electrolyte retains commodity value of
vanadium throughout life
Large surge capability possible
< 1 cycle responses
Disadvantages
Low energy storage density = big
footprint
Not mobile
Flow Battery Advantages and Disadvantages
Prudent Products
MW Class System kW class System
Cell Stack • Multi-cell stacks • Single cell stack
Capacity
• 200/300kW
Module
• Up to MW-class
system
• 5kW x 4 hour
• 5kW x 8 hour
Application
• Wind Farm
• PV
• Grid Expansion /
Enhancement
Peak shifting
• Telecom Base
Station
• Remote Area
Power Supply
• Mature and proven 7.5kW cell
stack
• Low cost injection molded frames
• Integrated seal design
• High scalability with parallel
connection
Standard Cell Stack Two Product Lines
7
Recent VRB MW-Class system sales
Application Product Rating
Delivery
date Country
Wind Power Generation Research and
Testing Center
500kW/1MWh (750kW
pulse)
Jan. June
2011 China
Spanish renewable and micro grid
research center 65kW/ 200kWh
April Sept.
2011 Spain
Commercial food products – peak
demand shaving
600kW/3.6MWh (50%
pulse) Nov. 2011 CA,USA
PV integrated retail store – peak shaving 100kW/300kWh (25%
pulse) Dec. 2011 CA,USA
Indonesian island – micro-grid support 400kW/500kWh (50%
pulse) Dec. 2011 Indonesia
Waste water treatment plant – peak
shaving
1MW/6MWh (1.2MW
pulse) Mid. 2012 CA,USA
Grid connected Wind and solar power
smoothing and stability provision 2MW/8MWh (50% pulse) Dec 2011 China
Smart Grid islanded system 100kW 200kWh Jan 2012 Korea
8
3,600 kWh VRB-ESS®
Peak Shaving
Gills Onion
Oxnard, California
9
300kWh VRB-ESS®
Renewable Energy (PV) Integration
SunPower, CPUC, PG&E, DOE, KEMA
California
10
Prudent Customers
11
500kW 750kW pulse (10 minutes) / h
1MWh
One of three storage technologies
being evaluated in conjunction with
an existing wind farm in northern
China.
Results – one of other technologies
have failed inside a year
Our performance has been solid
Ambient temperatures down to -30C
Provides full rated REACTIVE energy
(MVAR) continuously
CEPRI, China
Prudent Customers
12
100kW / 200kWh
Smart grid application- severe
single phase loading requirements
(100% imbalance per phase- wide
frequency deviations
Operated in a micro-grid to
perform output levelling and time
of day shifting
Provides reactive energy voltage
control dynamically
The micro-grid will be both grid
connected and islanded
CENER, Spain
Prudent Customers
13
20kVa / 120kWh
Installed, August, 2007
Part of a micro-grid test facility
Extensive partial and deep cycling
thousands of times a year over 4 years
Risø, Denmark
Prudent kW class – Virtual power plant option
14
Over 40 number 5 kW / 20kWh systems installed throughout the
world
USA (Alaska, Hawaii, Missouri, Virginia)
China
Kenya
Turkey
Italy
Denmark
Germany
Israel
India
Kenya system (pictured) in service
for more than 4 years. 15 units
kW-Class
Synthetic grid inertia - Dynamic Energy Storage is a
part of the solution Reserve Grid Power Stations
1 2 3
Operating Grid Power Stations
1 2 3
Renewable Grid Generation
1 2 3 4 5
Grid Frequency
Grid Power
1 2 3 4 5
The dynamic energy store acts as synthetic grid inertia to stabilise the grid until reserves can
respond. Distributed dynamic energy stores could either be added to each large renewable
farm to create a farm that operates like a power station but with FASTER response.
Grid Rotary
Inertia
Energy
Store
15
15
Distributed Dynamic Energy
Storage
Generation Mix – Ramping and Stability
Average Wind Power Ramping: 0.5 MW/min or 0.5%/min
Example Grid Code ramping limits:
30 MW/min or 100 MW/10 min
5% rated/min Typical power plant ramping
capabilities:
Hydro 50%~100% per minute
Combustion gas turbine 20%~30% per minute
Coal plant 3%~5% per minute
VRB-ESS® 100% ramp rate in milliseconds – both ways
16
17
Implications of PV and wind on Grid systems
• By adding wind and PV generation - volatility and power demand ranges are increased
• The mix of conventional generation must change when wind and PV generation is added in order to “follow load”
• so balancing and peaking type plant is required
– Causing higher cost, because of lower fuel efficiency
• …or base load plant must CYCLE causing…
– lower fuel efficiency
– Higher mechanical wear and tear
– Higher CO2 emissions
• The speed of response (ramp rate) for a rotating generator is 10 – 100 times lower than that of a dynamic energy storage system. Thus for equivalence, you require 2 to 4 times more reserve response generation than when using dynamic storage
Low voltage applications saving i^2R losses – reducing centralized peaking capacity
18 http://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Datei:Lastprofil_VDEW_H0_Winter.png&filetimestamp=20100421075317
Saves line losses up to 25 times greater at peak & reduces need for inefficient peaking capacity
LV Power stored here
19
Conclusions
• MORE fast acting “Generation = dynamic energy Storage” is required with wind and PV power as demand volatility increases
• Operation of storage at midpoint SOC allows for Up and Down ramping control – reducing curtailment and spillage
BUT ONLY CERTAIN TECHNOLOGIES can do this
• 6 to 8 hours of storage – provides stability AND captures spilled renewable generation
Can REDUCE RATES to stakeholders by at least 5%
• Multiple value streams are important – utility ownership of storage is best positioned to capture this
• Paybacks of under FIVE years are realistic
Prudent Energy Corporation
7200 Wisconsin Avenue
Suite 1002
Bethesda, Maryland 20814
Tel: 301-825-8910
www.pdenergy.com
tel+45 9825 1760
Georg Von Kriegsheim [email protected]
Main: +44 20 7796 1077
Mobile: +44 77 8098 0995