!"#$%#&' & Turning duty into joy Boosting positive affect and vitality regarding an unpleasant obligation through a personal motto-goal Thomas Dyllick and Oliver Dickhäuser University of Mannheim 2.07.2014 1 „The printer and the rare wine“ 2 systems 2 automatic/ experiential system controlled/ verbal- symbolic system Intuition Reasoning, logic Maximize pleasure/minimize pain Regulate behaviour „hot“ – connected to motivations, reward centers „cool“ – not connected to motivational centers affect language pictures language (Schultheiss, 2001, Haidt, 2001, 2006) Motto-Goals (Storch, 2009) – figurative, metaphorical language – guiding principle of how to approach a personal goal or obligation 3 „With the inner strength of a bear I am forging ahead.“ „I will study for my exam every day.“
Transcript
!"#$%#&'(
&(
Turning duty into joy Boosting positive affect and vitality regarding an unpleasant
obligation through a personal motto-goal
Thomas Dyllick and Oliver Dickhäuser University of Mannheim
2.07.2014 1
„The printer and the rare wine“
2 systems
2
automatic/ experiential system
controlled/ verbal-symbolic system
Intuition Reasoning, logic
Maximize pleasure/minimize pain
Regulate behaviour
„hot“ – connected to motivations, reward centers
„cool“ – not connected to motivational centers
affect language
pictures language
(Schultheiss, 2001, Haidt, 2001, 2006)
Motto-Goals (Storch, 2009)
– figurative, metaphorical language – guiding principle of how to approach a personal
goal or obligation
3
„With the inner strength of a bear I am forging ahead.“
„I will study for my exam every day.“
!"#$%#&'(
!(
has a thick fur
big and strong
forging ahead
Motto-Goal Intervention
4
x
„With the inner strength of a bear I am forging ahead.“
„Studying for the exam“
write duty
choose picture
choose words
form motto-goal
x
Motto-Goals research
• Zurich Resource Model (Storch & Krause, 2007) Research: • Lower stress and cortisol levels during stressful
• Vitality – Subjective Vitality State Scale, (Bostic, T. J.,
Rubio, D. M., & Hood, M., 2000) (6 items, ! = .92-.95) – Adapted version „When I think of my obligation, I feel very energized.“
• Positive affect – BEF (Kuhl & Kazén, 2013) (23 items, ! = .78-.91) – Adapted version „Imagine working at fulfilling your obligation.
How do you feel?“
Main Instruments H1: Vitality
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Pre Post
Motto-Goal
Positive Picture
* p < 0.05
H2: Positive Affect
10
1
2
3
4
5
Pre Post
Motto-Goal
Positive Picture
* p < 0.05
Source of positive affect
0 2 4 6 8
10 12 14 16 18 20
Motto-Goal Positive Picture
not helpful
source outside obl. source inside obl.
not classifiable
11
+ + + + + + + +
!"#$%#&'(
'(
Source of positive affect
0 2 4 6 8
10 12 14 16 18 20
Motto-Goal Positive Picture
not helpful
source outside obl. source inside obl.
not classifiable
12
2(1, N = 69) = 10.67, p < .05
Discussion
Motto-goal • more effective in boosting vitality • no difference in positive affect, but motto-
goals can help form a more positive view of the obligation
More than just a postive picture
13
? !
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!
14
Literature Bostic, T. J., Rubio, D. M., & Hood, M. (2000). A validation of the subjective
vitality scale using structural equation modeling. Social Indicators Research, 52, 313–324.
Haidt, J. (2001). The emotional dog and its rational tail: a social intuitionist approach to moral judgment.!Psychological review,!108(4), 814.
Haidt, J. (2006).!The happiness hypothesis: Finding modern truth in ancient wisdom. Basic Books.
Kuhl, J., & Kazen, M. (2013). Putting affect into affect instruments: The mood adjective checklist (BEF). Manuscript in preparation.
Schultheiss, O. C. (2001). An information processing account of implicit motive arousal.!Advances in motivation and achievement,!12, 1-41.
Storch, M. (2009). Motto-Ziele, S.M.A.R.T.-Ziele und Motivation. In B.Birgmeier (Hrsg.). Coachingwissen (S. 183-205). Wiesbaden: VS Verlag
Storch, M., & Krause, F. (2007). Selbstmanagement – ressourcenorientiert. Grundlagen und Trainingsmanual für die Arbeit mit dem Zürcher Ressourcen Modell. Huber: Bern
