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  • Simulating an SMPS Design using Capture-PSpice FlowProduct Version 16.6October 2012

  • 1996--2013 Cadence Design Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Printed in the United States of America.Cadence Design Systems, Inc. (Cadence), 2655 Seely Ave., San Jose, CA 95134, USA.Trademarks: Trademarks and service marks of Cadence Design Systems, Inc. (Cadence) containedin this document are attributed to Cadence with the appropriate symbol. For queries regardingCadences trademarks, contact the corporate legal department at the address shown above or call 1-800-862-4522.All other trademarks are the property of their respective holders.Restricted Print Permission: This publication is protected by copyright and any unauthorized use ofthis publication may violate copyright, trademark, and other laws. Except as specified in thispermission statement, this publication may not be copied, reproduced, modified, published, uploaded,posted, transmitted, or distributed in any way, without prior written permission from Cadence. Thisstatement grants you permission to print one (1) hard copy of this publication subject to the followingconditions:1. The publication may be used solely for personal, informational, and noncommercial purposes;2. The publication may not be modified in any way;3. Any copy of the publication or portion thereof must include all original copyright, trademark, andother proprietary notices and this permission statement; and4. Cadence reserves the right to revoke this authorization at any time, and any such use shall bediscontinued immediately upon written notice from Cadence.Disclaimer: Information in this publication is subject to change without notice and does not representa commitment on the part of Cadence. The information contained herein is the proprietary andconfidential information of Cadence or its licensors, and is supplied subject to, and may be used onlyby Cadences customer in accordance with, a written agreement between Cadence and its customer.Except as may be explicitly set forth in such agreement, Cadence does not make, and expresslydisclaims, any representations or warranties as to the completeness, accuracy or usefulness of theinformation contained in this document. Cadence does not warrant that use of such information willnot infringe any third party rights, nor does Cadence assume any liability for damages or costs of anykind that may result from use of such information.Restricted Rights: Use, duplication, or disclosure by the Government is subject to restrictions as setforth in FAR52.227-14 and DFAR252.227-7013 et seq. or its successor.

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    Contents1Introduction to the tutorial

    ObjectiveAudiencePrerequisites

    SoftwaresProject Files

    Design OverviewPSpice Tutorial Libraries

    In this tutorialWhat's NextRecommended Reading

    2Enabling the SMPS design for PSpice Simulation

    ObjectiveTasks

    Opening the SMPS design in OrCAD CaptureAdding Part propertiesAdding variable block in the schematic

    What's NextRecommended Reading

    3Setting Up and Running a PSpice Simulation on the SMPS design

    ObjectiveTasks

    Creating a PSpice Simulation ProfileRunning the Simulation using PSpice

    What's NextRecommended Reading

    4Verifying the Stress Levels of the components in SMPS

    ObjectiveTasks

    Running Smoke Analysis using PSpice Advanced AnalysisCorrecting Stress Levels using PSpice Advanced Analysis

    What's Next

    October 2012 3 Product Version 16.6

    Simulating an SMPS Design using Capture-PSpice FlowTable of Contents

  • 28292929292931313232323232394547

    Recommended Reading5Creating Measurements for the SMPS

    ObjectiveTasks

    Creating MeasurementsWhat's NextRecommended Reading

    6Verifying Design Stability and Yield

    ObjectiveTasks

    Running Parametric Plotter using PSpice Advanced AnalysisRunning Monte-CarloRunning Optimizer and Sensitivity Analysis using PSpice Advanced Analysis

    Recommended Reading

    October 2012 4 Product Version 16.6

    Simulating an SMPS Design using Capture-PSpice FlowTable of Contents

  • 1Introduction to the tutorial

    Objective The objective of this tutorial is to provide you an overview of OrCAD Capture - PSpice flow using anSwitched Mode Power Supply (SMPS) design. In this tutorial, you will configure the design forsimulation, simulate the design using PSpice, and then use the Advanced Analysis option to verifystability and yield of the design.

    AudienceThis tutorial is designed for:

    PCB designers who use OrCAD tools to design and simulate a circuit designFirst time users of the Capture PSpice flow

    PrerequisitesTo perform the tutorial tasks, you need to have following Cadence Products installed:Softwares

    OrCAD Capture 16.6 or laterPSpice 16.6 or laterPSpice Advanced Analysis 16.6 or later

    Project FilesUnzip the project.zip file provided with the tutorial on your system. This archive file contains libraryfiles and design files. Open demo_smps_1.dsn to start with the tutorial.Path to project.zip file is /doc/pspcaptut/examples/project.zip.

    The Project files are shipped with this tutorial.

    October 2012 5 Product Version 16.6

    Simulating an SMPS Design using Capture-PSpice FlowIntroduction to the tutorial

  • Design OverviewThis tutorial uses a Switched Mode Power Supply (SMPS) design as a base design. The SMPSdesign is created using Capture and is simulated in PSpice.The following figure shows the SMPS design.

    Figure 1-1: SMPS Design

    The SMPS design contains a hierarchical block PWMCON with a pulse width modulator circuitrycontrolled by feedback from an 18V output. A ferrimeter transformer, designed using Magnetic PartsEditor, is used in the design. A high voltage is switched through the primary winding of thetransformer. The secondary winding of the transformer is connected to a rectifier and a filter.PSpice Tutorial Libraries

    CIS_PARTLIBPWMCONTECCI_CORE

    These libraries are shipped with the attached design and are already added to theproject.

    October 2012 6 Product Version 16.6

    Simulating an SMPS Design using Capture-PSpice FlowIntroduction to the tutorial

  • In this tutorialYou will perform the following tasks:

    Prepare the SMPS design in Capture for PSpice simulationSpecify simulation settings, run simulations and examine early violations, and view simulationresultsRun smoke analysis to verify the stress level of the each component in SMPS designCreate Measurements and set tolerances for Capture PSpice flowRun advanced analysis on SMPS design for design optimization

    What's NextIn the next chapter, Enabling the SMPS design for PSpice Simulation, you will open the base SMPSdesign in Capture and prepare it for simulation in PSpice.

    Recommended Reading

    October 2012 7 Product Version 16.6

    Simulating an SMPS Design using Capture-PSpice FlowIntroduction to the tutorial

  • This tutorial does not explain the concepts and user interface elements. For more information, see:OrCAD Capture User GuidePSpice User GuidePSpice Advanced Analysis User Guide

    October 2012 8 Product Version 16.6

    Simulating an SMPS Design using Capture-PSpice FlowIntroduction to the tutorial

  • 2Enabling the SMPS design for PSpice Simulation

    ObjectiveBefore you run simulation on a design, you need to enable the design for simulation. In this chapter,you will observe the properties assigned to parts to enable simulation.

    TasksIn this chapter, you will be:

    1. Opening the SMPS design using OrCAD Capture2. Adding properties of the schematic part using OrCAD Capture3. Adding variables block in the schematic

    Opening the SMPS design in OrCAD CaptureTo open the design, demo_smps.dsn in Capture CIS, follow the steps given below:

    1. Choose Start All Programs Cadence Release 16.6 OrCAD Capture .If prompted, from the Cadence Product Choices dialog box, select OrCAD EE Designer Plusand click OK .The OrCAD Capture window is displayed.

    October 2012 9 Product Version 16.6

    Simulating an SMPS Design using Capture-PSpice FlowEnabling the SMPS design for PSpice Simulation

  • Figure 2-1: OrCAD Capture Window

    2. Choose File Open Design , browse to DEMO_SMPS_1.dsn from the project files of thistutorial, and click Open . If prompted, select PSpice A/D from the Cadence Product Choicesdialog box and click OK . The project manager window opens as shown in Figure 2-2.

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    Simulating an SMPS Design using Capture-PSpice FlowEnabling the SMPS design for PSpice Simulation

  • Figure 2-2: Project Manager window

    The project type is specified as Analog or Mixed A/D below the title bar of theProject Manager window. You can simulate analog or mixed signal circuits inPSpice only.

    3. Under Design Resources, expand demo_smps.dsn and then ROOT. Double-click PAGE1.The schematic opens, as shown in Figure 2-3.

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    Simulating an SMPS Design using Capture-PSpice FlowEnabling the SMPS design for PSpice Simulation

  • Figure 2-3: PAGE1 of Demo_SMPS.dsn design file

    Adding Part propertiesIn the schematic design, add the properties with the values as described in table for the PWMCONpart. Also, ensure that these properties are visible on the schematic:Property Name Value

    Period1 44.5u

    TOL_ON_OFF OFF

    SMOKE_ON_OFF ON

    Perform these steps to add properties to the schematic part:1. Double-click the PWMCON part to open the Property Editor for this part. Alternatively, you can

    right click the part and select Edit Properties .

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    Simulating an SMPS Design using Capture-PSpice FlowEnabling the SMPS design for PSpice Simulation

  • Figure 2-4: Property Editor

    2. Click theNew Property button. If prompted, click Yes in the Undo Warning message box.The Add New Property dialog box is displayed.

    Figure 2-5: Add New Property dialog box

    3. Enter name of the first property as PERIOD1 and Value as 44.5u.4. Click Apply to enter a new property name-value pair.5. Enter name of the second property as TOL_ON_OFF and Value as OFF and then click Apply

    .6. Enter the name of the third property as SMOKE_ON_OFF and Value as ON.7. Click OK to close the Add New Column dialog box. If prompted, click Yes in the Undo Warning

    message box.The Add New Column dialog box is displayed.

    To make the properties visible on the schematic.1. In Property Editor, right-click on the property value in the column for the property PERIOD1 and

    choose Display .Alternatively, you can click in a column and then click Display to open the Display Propertiesdialog box.

    2. In the Display Properties dialog box, under Display Format, select Name and Value and clickOK .This ensures that both, the name and value of the property, are displayed in the schematic.

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    Simulating an SMPS Design using Capture-PSpice FlowEnabling the SMPS design for PSpice Simulation

  • Figure 2-6: Display Properties dialog box

    3. Similarly, set the display value for the TOL_ON_OFF and SMOKE_ON_OFF properties.4. Close the Property Editor.

    Observe that these properties are added on the PWMCON part in the schematic.

    Figure 2-7: PWM Controller Properties Labels

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    Simulating an SMPS Design using Capture-PSpice FlowEnabling the SMPS design for PSpice Simulation

  • Adding variable block in the schematicThis design uses a variable block that specifies parameter values. You can use variable blocks indesigns to pass specified parameter values or to the parts in the design that use these parameters.Perform the following steps to add the variable block in the schematic:

    1. Add an instance of the VARIABLES block from the pspice_elem.OLB library as shown inFigure 2-8. The location for this library is\tools\capture\library\pspice\advanls\pspice_elem.OLB library.

    Figure 2-8: The VARIABLE Block on the Schematic

    Save all changes to the design and the schematic in Capture.

    2. After saving the changes, ensure that the RTOL and LTOL have the values as shown in Figure2-8. The default values for the other variables are retained.You may need to zoom in to the schematic to view the variables in a larger size.

    What's NextIn the next chapter, Setting Up and Running a PSpice Simulation on the SMPS design, you will createa simulation profile and run a PSpice simulation on the SMPS design.

    Recommended ReadingFor more information on opening a project, adding properties in a schematic, and adding variablesblock in a schematic, see chapters Working with Projects and Working with Properties in OrCAD

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    Simulating an SMPS Design using Capture-PSpice FlowEnabling the SMPS design for PSpice Simulation

  • block in a schematic, see chapters Working with Projects and Working with Properties in OrCADCapture User Guide.

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    Simulating an SMPS Design using Capture-PSpice FlowEnabling the SMPS design for PSpice Simulation

  • 3Setting Up and Running a PSpice Simulation onthe SMPS design

    ObjectiveIn this chapter, you will create a simulation profile for the SMPS design to run a transient analysis inPSpice.

    TasksIn this chapter, you will be:

    Creating a PSpice Simulation Profile using OrCAD CaptureRunning the Simulation using OrCAD Capture

    Creating a PSpice Simulation ProfileTo create a new Simulation Profile using OrCAD Capture, follow the steps given below:

    1. Choose PSpice New Simulation Profile .Alternatively, you can click the New Simulation Profile icon ( ).

    2. In the Name box, type trans. This will specify the simulation profile name as trans.3. Click Create to open the Simulation Settings dialog box.4. Select the Analysis tab of the Simulation Settings dialog box.5. Specify the following settings in the Analysis tab of the Simulation Settings dialog box:

    a. In the Analysis type box, select Time Domain (Transient) .b. In the Run to time box, enter 30ms.c. In the Start saving data after box, enter 0.d. Ensure that Skip the initial transient bias point calculation (SKIPBP) is not

    checked.

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    Simulating an SMPS Design using Capture-PSpice FlowSetting Up and Running a PSpice Simulation on the SMPS design

  • Figure 3-1: Analysis Tab of Simulation Settings dialog box

    6. In the Configuration Files tab, ensure that tecci_core.lib and demo_smps.lib are listed underConfigured Files for the Library Category.If required, browse to the library files in the project directory and add them using Add to Design.

    October 2012 18 Product Version 16.6

    Simulating an SMPS Design using Capture-PSpice FlowSetting Up and Running a PSpice Simulation on the SMPS design

  • Figure 3-2: Configuration Files Tab of Simulation Settings dialog box

    7. Click AutoConverge on the Options tab.The AutoConverge Options dialog box appears.

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    Simulating an SMPS Design using Capture-PSpice FlowSetting Up and Running a PSpice Simulation on the SMPS design

  • Figure 3-3: The Options tab

    8. Select the AutoConverge check box.

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    Simulating an SMPS Design using Capture-PSpice FlowSetting Up and Running a PSpice Simulation on the SMPS design

  • Figure 3-4: AutoConverge Options Settings

    9. Click OK to save changes and close the AutoConverge Options dialog box.When you select AutoConvergence, PSpice uses the relaxed limit for some of the options,such as ITL1 and RELTOL, to adjust and run the simulation to achieve convergence.

    10. Click OK to save changes and close the Simulation Settings trans dialog box.Running the Simulation using PSpicePerform the following steps in OrCAD Capture to run PSpice simulation:

    1. Place a voltage probe (PSpice Markers - Voltage Level ) on the OUT node, as shown inFigure 3-5.

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    Simulating an SMPS Design using Capture-PSpice FlowSetting Up and Running a PSpice Simulation on the SMPS design

  • Figure 3-5: Voltage Probe on OUT Node

    2. Choose PSpice Run or click to run the simulation. If required, click Yes in the UndoWarning dialog box.The simulation result is displayed in the PSpice probe window as shown in Figure 3-6.

    Figure 3-6: Simulation Results

    October 2012 22 Product Version 16.6

    Simulating an SMPS Design using Capture-PSpice FlowSetting Up and Running a PSpice Simulation on the SMPS design

  • What's NextIn the next chapter, Verifying the Stress Levels of the components in SMPS, you will run smokeanalysis using Capture - PSpice Advanced Analysis flow and verify and correct the stress levels forthe components.

    Recommended Reading For more information on creating a simulation profile, running a PSpice simulation on any design, andunderstanding convergence options in a PSpice, see PSpice User Guide.

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    Simulating an SMPS Design using Capture-PSpice FlowSetting Up and Running a PSpice Simulation on the SMPS design

  • 4Verifying the Stress Levels of the components inSMPS

    ObjectiveSmoke analysis is run to identify components stressed due to power dissipation, increase in junctiontemperature, secondary breakdowns, or violations of voltage / current limits. In this chapter, you willperform Smoke analysis based on the transient profile to identify and correct components that arestressed.

    TasksIn this chapter, you will be:

    Running Smoke Analysis using Capture - PSpice Advanced Analysis flowCorrecting Stress Levels using PSpice Advanced Analysis

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    Simulating an SMPS Design using Capture-PSpice FlowVerifying the Stress Levels of the components in SMPS

  • Running Smoke Analysis using PSpice Advanced Analysis1. In Capture, select PSpice - Advanced Analysis Smoke .

    If prompted, select PSpice Smoke option from the Cadence Product Choices dialog. PSpiceAdvanced Analysis [Smoke] window is displayed.You can right-click in the result pane of the Smoke Analysis window and choose the options tosee only specific measurements, such as RMS, average, or peak values. You can also viewspecific parameters.

    2. Right-click to open the context menu.3. Ensure that only Average Values is selected.4. From the context menu choose Parameter Filters .5. Ensure that only Power Parameters is selected.6. Choose Hide Invalid Values .

    This will ensure that invalid values are not displayed.

    Figure 4-1: Smoke Analysis

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    Simulating an SMPS Design using Capture-PSpice FlowVerifying the Stress Levels of the components in SMPS

  • In the current schematic, note the component U1.R9 is under stress, as shown by the red color for itrow.

    To know more about bar graphs colors in %Max column, see PSpice AdavancedAnalysis User Guide.

    Next, you will correct the stress levels of the components under stress.

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    Simulating an SMPS Design using Capture-PSpice FlowVerifying the Stress Levels of the components in SMPS

  • Correcting Stress Levels using PSpice Advanced Analysis1. In the Capture schematic, open the Attributes window for pwmcon and change the

    SMOKE_ON_OFF value to OFF.Alternatively, you can change the value of a single attribute of a part by double-click on theattribute and changing the display settings in the Display Properties dialog box.

    Figure 4-2: Display Properties dialog

    2. Save the schematic.3. Choose Pspice - Create Netlist to create the netlist for the current schematic.

    If you change the smoke property of a component, you need to create a netlistbefore you run the smoke analysis. However, if you change the value of acomponent used in schematic, you will need to re-run the PSpice simulationbefore you run the smoke analysis.

    4. Run smoke analysis.As displayed in Figure 4-3, the smoke analysis results shows that stress has been removedafter disabling the SMOKE_ON_OFF property. SMOKE_ON_OFF property on PWMCON ismade OFF to discard smoke analysis on the hierarchical block.

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    Simulating an SMPS Design using Capture-PSpice FlowVerifying the Stress Levels of the components in SMPS

  • Figure 4-3: Smoke Analysis Result

    What's NextIn the next chapter, Creating Measurements for the SMPS, you will create measurement expressionsfor the SMPS design.

    Recommended ReadingFor more information on Smoke Analysis, see chapter on Smoke in PSpice Advanced Analysis UserGuide.

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  • 5Creating Measurements for the SMPS

    ObjectiveIn this chapter, you will create measurements to further evaluate the design's stability and optimizationusing Capture - PSpice Advanced Analysis flow.

    TasksIn this chapter, you will be:

    Creating MeasurementsCreating MeasurementsIn this section, you will create the following measurements to evaluate the characteristics of thewaveform generated using PSpice:

    Max_XRange(V(OUT),25m,30m)Min_XRange(V(OUT),25m,30m)

    To know more about different measurement expressions, see MeasurementExpressions chapter in PSpice User Guide.

    1. Open the PSpice Probe window.2. In the Probe window, choose Trace Measurements . The Measurements dialog box

    appears.

    The Probe window is displayed whenever you run a simulation.

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    Simulating an SMPS Design using Capture-PSpice FlowCreating Measurements for the SMPS

  • Figure 5-1: Measurements dialog box

    3. Select Max_XRange in the Measurements dialog box.4. Click Eval .5. Specify the trace value as V(OUT) and the max and min values for the XRange as 25m and

    30m, respectively.

    Figure 5-2: Arguments for Measurement Evaluation

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    Simulating an SMPS Design using Capture-PSpice FlowCreating Measurements for the SMPS

  • 6. Click OK .7. Click OK after viewing the results.

    Figure 5-3: Max_XRange(V(OUT)) measurement expression result

    8. Similarly, create measurement for the Min_XRange function.

    What's NextIn the next chapter, Verifying Design Stability and Yield, you will perform various advanced analysis to:

    verify the stability of the designoptimize the design

    Recommended ReadingFor more information on creating measurement expression and setting tolerances, see PSpice UserGuide.

    October 2012 31 Product Version 16.6

    Simulating an SMPS Design using Capture-PSpice FlowCreating Measurements for the SMPS

  • 6Verifying Design Stability and Yield

    ObjectivePSpice Advanced Analysis is a set of advanced tools that augment the classic PSpice functionalitywith capabilities that include Smoke, Sensitivity, Monte-Carlo, Optimizer, and Parametric Plotter. In thischapter, we will use these advanced analysis tools to verify the stability of the SMPS design andoptimize it.

    TasksIn this chapter, you will be:

    Running Parametric PlotterRunning Monte-CarloRunning Optimizer and Sensitivity Analysis

    From Capture, you can run advanced analysis, such as Parametric Plotter, and Monte Carlo. To doso, choose the appropriate option from PSpice Advanced Analysis .Running Parametric Plotter using PSpice Advanced AnalysisIn Parametric Plotter, you analyze sweep results from multiple parameters and you can sweep anynumber of design and model parameters (in any combinations) and view results in PPlot/Probe intabular or plot form. You will run Parametric Plot analysis to ensure that the design is stable for arange of load and fluctuations in the line voltages.

    1. Choose PSpice Advanced Analysis - Parametric Plot from OrCAD Capture to startParametric Plotter.

    2. Open the Select Sweep Parameters window.To do so, in the Sweep Parameters window, click the text Click here to import a parameterfrom the design property map .

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    Simulating an SMPS Design using Capture-PSpice FlowVerifying Design Stability and Yield

  • Figure 6-1: Select Sweep Parameters Dialog Box

    Figure 6-1: Select Sweep Parameters Dialog Box

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    Simulating an SMPS Design using Capture-PSpice FlowVerifying Design Stability and Yield

  • 3. Scroll down to the Parameter rload and click in the Sweep Type column for this parameter.

    In Capture 16.6 QIR 2 or earlier releases, Global Params do not get displayed inSelect Sweep Parameters dialog box. To ensure Global Params are displayed,install Capture CIS 16.6 QIR 3 or a later release.

    4. Select Discrete from the list.5. Click in the Sweep Values column to open the Sweep Settings dialog box.6. Specify the values as 100, 150, and 170.

    To specify a value, click New ( ) and type the value.

    Figure 6-2: Sweep Settings Dialog Box

    7. Click OK to close the Sweep Settings dialog box.8. Similarly, enter 250, 300 and 350 as discrete values for Parameter vline .9. You will simulate the design for different values of rload and vline to observe the impact of this

    variation on the output voltage Vout .For this you will import the measurements created in PSpice using Import Measurement(s)window. To do so, in the Measurements window, click the text Click here to import ameasurement created within PSpice.

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    Simulating an SMPS Design using Capture-PSpice FlowVerifying Design Stability and Yield

  • Figure 6-3: Import Measurement(s) Dialog Box

    10. Select the measurement Max_XRange and click OK .11. Run the analysis.12. After analysis is completed, observe the Results pane that lists the values for the parameters

    and the measurement results for each value in Figure 6-4.To view the graph of the results, activate the Plot Information tab.

    Figure 6-4: Result of Parametric Plotter analysis

    13. Click on the label Click here to add plot in the Plot Information tab.14. In the Plot Information Select Profile window page, select tran.sim and click Next .

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    Simulating an SMPS Design using Capture-PSpice FlowVerifying Design Stability and Yield

  • Figure 6-5: Plot Information Select Profile Page

    15. In the Plot Information Select X-Axis Variable window page, select param::rload and clickNext .

    Figure 6-6: Plot Information Select Profile Page

    16. In the Plot Information Select Y-Axis Variable window page, selecttran.sim::max_xrange(V(out),25m,30m) and click Next .

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    Simulating an SMPS Design using Capture-PSpice FlowVerifying Design Stability and Yield

  • Figure 6-7: Plot Information Select Profile Page

    17. In the Plot Information Select Parameter window page, select param::vline and click Finish .

    Figure 6-8: Plot Information Select Profile Page

    18. You can observe that the details you entered, are added to the first row of the Plot Informationtab.Right-click the row in the Plot Information tab and choose Display Plot .

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    Simulating an SMPS Design using Capture-PSpice FlowVerifying Design Stability and Yield

  • Figure 6-9: Plot Information Select Profile Page

    Result of the parametric plotter analysis is displayed as shown in Figure 6-10 and you canobserve that:

    For VLINE250VOUT changes abruptly from 1.2V to 19V when RLOAD changes from 100 ohms to 150ohms, but when RLOAD changes from 150 ohms to 170 ohms the Vout remainsconstant.For VLINE300VOUT changes abruptly from 1.2V to 19V when RLOAD changes from 100 ohms to 150ohms, but when RLOAD changes from 150 ohms to 170 ohms the Vout remainsconstant.For VLINE350VOUT remains fairly stable whenever RLOAD is changed.

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  • Figure 6-10: Displayed Plot

    Therefore, from Figure 6-10 you can conclude that if VLINE is 350V, the design is fairly stableand the initial value of 350V for VLINE is OK for this SMPS design.

    Running Monte-CarloThere are two ways to run Monte-Carlo Analysis and calculate the yield:

    Using PSpiceUsing PSpice Advanced Analysis

    Set the TOL_ON_OFF property to OFF on the PWMCON part to ignore tolerance forhierarchical components before you run Monte-Carlo Analysis.

    Running Monte-Carlo using PSpiceMonte Carlo analysis calculates the circuit response to changes in part values by randomly varying allmodel parameters for which a tolerance is specified. This provides statistical data on the impact of adevice parameter's variance. Monte Carlo analysis is frequently used to predict yields on productionruns of a circuit.For the SMPS design, you will run the Monte Carlo Analysis in Time Domain to calculate the yield:

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    Simulating an SMPS Design using Capture-PSpice FlowVerifying Design Stability and Yield

  • 1. Select Monte Carlo/Worst Case in Options and set Number of runs to 10. Ensure that theAnalysis tab matches with Figure 6-11.

    Figure 6-11: Simulation Settings for Monte-Carlo Analysis in time domain

    2. Click Apply and then click OK to save the settings and close the Simulation Settings dialogbox.

    3. Run the PSpice simulation. The PSpice probe window displays the simulation result, as shownin Figure 6-12.

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    Simulating an SMPS Design using Capture-PSpice FlowVerifying Design Stability and Yield

  • Figure 6-12: PSpice Simulation Results

    4. In PSpice, choose Trace - Performance Analysis to compare the different waveformsgenerated using Monte Carlo Analysis.The Performance Analysis dialog box appears.

    5. Click the Wizard button in the Performance Analysis dialog box. Using this wizard, you willcreate a plot to calculate the design's yield.

    6. Click the Next button.7. In the Choose a Measurement box, click Max_XRange, and then click the Next button.8. Click in the Name of trace to search text box and type V(OUT).9. Click in the XRange begin value text box and type 25m.

    10. Click in the XRange end value text box and type 30m.11. Click the Next button.

    The wizard displays the Max_XRange trace for V(OUT) for the first run. This is done to test themeasurement and you can verify if the result is correct.

    12. Click the Next or Finish button.A plot of Max_XRange(V(OUT), 25m, 30m) vs V(OUT) occurrence percent appears.

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  • Figure 6-13: Performance AnalysisUsing this plot in the PSpice Probe, you can calculate the yield of the SMPS design.

    Running Monte-Carlo using PSpice Advanced AnalysisMonte Carlo is a PSpice simulator that predicts the behavior of a circuit statistically when part valuesare varied within their tolerance range. It also calculates yield, which can be used for massmanufacturing predictions.You will use Monte Carlo analysis to determine the Probability Density Graph and the statisticalvalues, such as the mean voltage and the standard deviations. You will run Monte Carlo on themax_range measurement you created in the Creating Measurements for the SMPS section.

    1. Choose PSpice Advanced Analysis Monte Carlo in Capture to start Monte CarloAnalysis.

    2. Click the text Click here to import a measurement created within PSpice to import themeasurement max_Range.

    3. Choose Max_XRange from the Import Measurement(s) dialog.4. Choose Run - Start Monte Carlo or click Run icon ( ) to run Monte Carlo Analysis.5. As Monte Carlo Analysis is completed, Probability Density Graph is displayed.

    Using the Probability Density Graph (shown in Figure 6-14), you can observe that every MonteCarlo Analysis run is within the Cursor Minimum value and Cursor Maximum value, whichconcludes that the yield of the SMPS design is 100%. You can also notice the yield informationin Statistical Information tab.

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  • Figure 6-14: Monte Carlo Analysis Result Probability Density Graph

    6. Right Click and choose CDF Graph to view data in a Cumulative Distribution Graph.The Cumulative Distribution Graph is shown in Figure 6-15.

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  • Figure 6-15: Monte Carlo Analysis Result Cumulative Distribution Graph

    7. Activate Raw Measurements tab.This tab displays the measurement data for every run of the simulation (shown in Figure 6-16).

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  • Figure 6-16: Monte Carlo Analysis Result Raw Measurements tab

    Running Optimizer and Sensitivity Analysis using PSpiceAdvanced AnalysisOptimizer is a design tool for optimizing analog circuits and their behavior. It helps you modify andoptimize analog designs to meet your performance goals. Optimizer fine tunes your designs fasterthan trial and error bench testing methods. Use Optimizer to find the best component or systemvalues for your specifications.Run Sensitivity Analysis, before running Optimizer, to identify the most sensitive component in thedesign.

    1. Choose PSpice Advanced Analysis - Sensitivity to run Sensitivity Analysis,.2. Click Click here to import a measurement created within PSpice to import the

    measurement Max_XRange.3. Choose Max_XRange from the Import Measurement(s) dialog.4. Click Click here to import a measurement created within PSpice to import the

    measurement Min_XRange.5. Choose Min_XRange from the Import Measurement(s) dialog.6. Run Sensitivity Analysis.

    After Sensitivity Analysis, the results shows that L1 is the most sensitive component (as shownin figure 6-17).

    Figure 6-17: Sensitivity Analysis window

    7. Right Click on L1, select Send to Optimizer.

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  • 8. Choose Optimizer from Analysis toolbar to open Optimizer Analysis.As shown in following figure, L1 is already added as the parameter in the Parameters[NextRun] section.

    Figure 6-18: Parameters [Next Run] section

    9. Click Click here to import a measurement created within PSpice to import themeasurement Max_XRange in the Specifications[Next Run] section.

    10. Choose Max_XRange from the Import Measurement(s) dialog.11. Click Click here to import a measurement created within PSpice to import the

    measurement Min_XRange in the Specifications[Next Run] section.12. Choose Min_XRange from the Import Measurement(s) dialog.

    Figure 6-19: Specifications [Next Run] section

    13. Specify goals by defining minimum and maximum measurement values for the importedmeasurements.Following are the minimum and maximum measurement values for the importedmeasurements:Measurement Type Minimum Measurement Maximum Measurement

    Max_Range 18 20.5

    Min_Range 18 19

    14. Specify minimum and maximum for the component as well.Component Type Minimum Measurement Maximum Measurement

    L1 100m 250m

    15. Select engine as Random from Analysis Toolbar.16. Run Optimizer Analysis.

    From the Optimizer Analysis results, you can see that the optimized value of the L1component is 133.33m for the goals defined in Standard Tab are displayed, as shown in

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  • Figure 6-20.

    Figure 6-20: Results of Optimizer Analysis

    Recommended ReadingFor more more information about various advanced analysis, such as, Monte Carlo Analysis,Parametric Plot Analysis, Optimizer Analysis, and Sensitivity Analysis, see PSpice Advanced AnalysisUser Guide and PSpice User Guide.

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    ContentsIntroduction to the tutorialObjectiveAudiencePrerequisitesSoftwaresProject Files

    Design OverviewPSpice Tutorial Libraries

    In this tutorialWhat's NextRecommended Reading

    Enabling the SMPS design for PSpice SimulationObjectiveTasksOpening the SMPS design in OrCAD CaptureAdding Part propertiesAdding variable block in the schematic

    What's NextRecommended Reading

    Setting Up and Running a PSpice Simulation on the SMPS designObjectiveTasksCreating a PSpice Simulation ProfileRunning the Simulation using PSpice

    What's NextRecommended Reading

    Verifying the Stress Levels of the components in SMPSObjectiveTasksRunning Smoke Analysis using PSpice Advanced AnalysisCorrecting Stress Levels using PSpice Advanced Analysis

    What's NextRecommended Reading

    Creating Measurements for the SMPSObjectiveTasksCreating Measurements

    What's NextRecommended Reading

    Verifying Design Stability and YieldObjectiveTasksRunning Parametric Plotter using PSpice Advanced AnalysisRunning Monte-CarloRunning Monte-Carlo using PSpiceRunning Monte-Carlo using PSpice Advanced Analysis

    Running Optimizer and Sensitivity Analysis using PSpice Advanced Analysis

    Recommended Reading