•Chapter 4: Nervous System• Chapter 5: Sleep and Dreaming

•Questions compiled by Sue Boland, LHU of PAProgram developed by Dan Hosey, Bucknell U.

Click on “Chapter 4” to start game

100

200

300

400

500

100

200

300

400

500

100

200

300

400

500

100

200

300

400

500

100

200

300

400

500

To Round Two!

CNS Peripheral CommunicationYou’re on my last neuron

Brain stem

100

Back to board

C1 - 100

What CNS stands for.

Correct Answer

The two components of the CNS.

Back to board

C1 - 200

200

Correct Answer

Back to board

C1 - 300

300

Spinal cord described as this, between the brain

and the body.

Correct Answer

Back to board

C1 - 400

400

Automatic responses by the CNS, but not involving the

brain.

Correct Answer

Back to board

C1 -500

500

There are 12 pairs of these pathways that enter the

brain directly.

Correct Answer

Back to board

C2 - 100

100

This half of the PNS is sometimes also called the skeletal nervous system.

Correct Answer

Back to board

C2 - 200

200

The type of nerves that carry information from the central

nervous system to the body.

Correct Answer

Back to board

C2 - 300

300

You don’t have to concentrate to get this half of the PNS to work

because it does so automatically.

Correct Answer

Back to board

C2 - 400

400

Part of the PNS that gives you energy to spring into action.

Correct Answer

Back to board

C2 -500

500

“Whoa”. This part of the PNS words to slow you

down, to conserve energy.

Correct Answer

Back to board

C3 -100

100

The area including the space or gap between neurons.

Correct Answer

Back to board

C3 -200

200

Chemicals released by one neuron and received by

another neuron.

Correct Answer

Back to board

C3 -300

300

A message received by a neuron that decreases the

likelihood of the neuron firing.

Correct Answer

Back to board

C3 -400

400

A nerve impulse is faster if an axon has this.

Correct Answer

Back to board

C3 -500

It isn’t a shock, but it does come about with a change in electrical voltage of a neuron.

500

Correct Answer

Back to board

C4 -100

100

This is the part of a neuron that sends a message (nerve impulse) to another cell.

Correct Answer

Back to board

C4 -200

200

These “glue” cells make up 90% of the cells in the brain.

Correct Answer

Back to board

C4 -300

300

This part of a neuron receives messages from other cells.

Correct Answer

Back to board

C4 -400

400

A collection of neurons make up one of these. They vary in

length.

Correct Answer

Back to board

C4 -500

500

A lack of this insulation on neurons has been implicated in the disease, multiple sclerosis.

Correct Answer

Back to board

C5 -100

100

This part of the brain stem keeps you breathing in,

breathing out.

Correct Answer

Back to board

C5 -200

200

Hey! Pay attention! Something important is happening! It’s this part of the brain stem

that alerts you to potentially important goings on in your

environment.

Correct Answer

Back to board

C5 -300

300

If you are feeling sleepy, this part of the brain stem may

be responsible.

Correct Answer

Back to board

C5 -400

400

In terms of location, the brain stem sits on top of this.

Correct Answer

Back to board

C5 -500

500

Not part of the brain stem, but nearby. This brain structure

helps you walk straight.

Correct Answer

DAILY

DOUBLE

Question

200

400

600

800

1000

To Final Jeopardy!

200

400

600

800

1000

200

400

600

800

1000

200

400

600

800

1000

200

400

600

800

1000

To Round One

Midbrain LobesTwo halves

make a whole

Sleep & Dreaming

Grab bag

Back to Board

C6 -200

200

Brain structure that controls your drives to survive.

Correct Answer

Back to Board

C6 -400

400

This brain structure functions something like a telephone

operator.

Correct Answer

Back to Board

C6 -600

600

This small gland supervises the hormonal system.

Correct Answer

Back to Board

C6 -800

800

If you can’t remember playing this game an hour later, you

may have a problem with this brain structure.

Correct Answer

Back to Board

C6 -1000

1000

Correct Answer

This brain structure is named for the Greek

word for almond. Is that why we call an overly

emotional person “nutty”?

Back to Board

C7 -200

200

The beat goes on in this “listening” lobe.

Correct Answer

Back to Board

C7 -400

400

If the thalamus is sent images from the eyes, they will be sent to this

lobe.

Correct Answer

Back to Board

C7 -600

600

Goldilocks may have been using this lobe as she judged

porridge to be too hot, too cold, and just right.

Correct Answer

Back to Board

C7 -800

800

Correct Answer

After a freak accident, Phineas Gage showed a change in

personality when this lobe was damaged.

Back to Board

C7 -1000

1000

This area let’s you speak, but it’s not the area that helps

you understand.

Correct Answer

Back to Board

C8 -200

200

Broad band of nerve fibers connecting the right and left

brain hemispheres.

Correct Answer

Back to Board

C8 -400

400

Most people process language with this hemisphere.

Correct Answer

Back to Board

C8 -600

600

When you recognize a face in a crowd you are most

likely using this hemisphere.

Correct Answer

Back to Board

C8 -800

800

If a picture is shown in your left visual field, it will be

processed by the occipital lobe in this brain

hemisphere.

Correct Answer

Back to Board

C8 -1000

1000

Correct Answer

If you are shown a picture in your right visual field, and then are asked to draw it, you will

most likely use this hand.

It may help to assume you are a split brain patient.

Back to Board

C9 -200

200

These are patterns of electrical activity that

changes during stages os sleep?

Correct Answer

Back to Board

C9 -400

400

It’s the stage of sleep when you are most likely to

sleep walk?

Correct Answer

Back to Board

C9 -600

600

To sleep perchance to dream. You are more likely to do

that during this type of sleep.

Correct Answer

Back to Board

C9 -800

800

The fact that students often dream about taking exams

seems to support this theory of dreaming.

Correct Answer

Back to Board

C9 -1000

1000

It the theory of dreaming that says that your cerebrum is just making stories to make

sense of random signals from the pons (brain stem).

Correct Answer

Back to Board

C10 -200

200

Correct Answer

It is the idea that specific areas of the brain have

certain functions.

Back to Board

C10 -400

400

Correct Answer

Michael J. Fox has this neurological disorder associated with the

neurotransmitter dopamine.

Back to Board

C10 -600

600

Correct Answer

These embryonic cells can develop into any type of cell. Research using these cells is

currently controversial.

Back to Board

C10 -800

800

Loosely connected brain areas including the

hypothalamus, amygdala, and hippocampus, that are

involved in emotions.

Correct Answer

Back to Board

C10 -1000

1000

Correct Answer

Do you smell? You do if this small organ near the emotional center of the brain is working.

DAILY

DOUBLE

Question

DAILY

DOUBLE

Question

FINAL JEOPARDY CATEGORY

Measuring the brain

Correct Answer

Method that injects a glucose-like substance that

the brain metabolizes.

100

Back to board

C1 - 100

What is:

Central nervous system?

What are:

The brain and the spinal cord?

Back to board

C1 - 200

200

Back to board

C1 - 300

300

What is:

A bridge?(Any word that implies a connection allowing two way communication or

transmission is acceptable.)

Back to board

C1 - 400

400What are:

Spinal reflexes?(Spinal reflexes allow the body to respond

quickly to stimuli without waiting for the brain to process the information.)

Back to board

C1 -500 500

What are:Cranial nerves?

(Nerves also acceptable answer.)

Back to board

C2 - 100

100What is:

Somatic nervous system?(Controls the skeletal muscles of the body.

Soma means body. Generally our skeletal muscles are under voluntary control.)

Back to board

C2 - 200

200

What is:

Motor neurons?(Motor neurons transmit information from the

CNS to the body (via the PNS). Sensory neurons carry information from the body to

the CNS, again via the PNS.)

Back to board

C2 - 300

300

What is:

Autonomic nervous system?(Controls and regulates internal

organs, glands, and blood vessels. These processes are usually automatic and involuntary.)

Back to board

C2 - 400

400What is:

Sympathetic nervous system?(A branch of the autonomic nervous system. The

sympathetic nervous system increases a body’s energy output, so that the body can be easily

mobilized into action. Analogous to a gas pedal on a car. )

Back to board

C2 -500

500What is:

Parasympathetic?(A branch of the autonomic nervous

system. Maintains the body in a quiet state to conserve energy. Works to slow body down after sympathetic nervous system.

Analogous to the brake on a car.)

Back to board

C3 -100

100What is:

Synapse?(Synapse includes the space between neurons

(Synaptic gap or cleft), the axon terminal, and receptor sites on the receiving cell)

Back to board

C3 -200

200

What are:

Neurotransmitters?

Back to board

C3 -300

300

What is:

inhibitory?(Neurotransmitters are released from the axon

terminals of the sending sell and picked up by the dendrite of the receiving cell. If sufficient stimulation occurs, the receiving cell may fire

(excitatory) or stop firing (inhibitory).)

Back to board

C3 -400

400

What is:

Myelin sheath(Fatty substance that acts to insulate axon. The myelin

sheath increases speed of impulse because electrical charge of nerve impulse doesn’t have to move along

entire cell membrane – instead the impulse jumps from node to node, the spaces between the sheath.)

Back to board

C3 -500

What is:Action potential?

(Also call a nerve impulse. When a neuron is stimulated, it’s electrical charge changes from negative to positive. The resulting electrical

charge moves through the cell body and down the axon. )

500

Back to board

C4 -100

100What is:

axon?

Back to board

C4 -200

200

What is:Glia?

(These cells are involved in keeping neurons functioning, e.g. providing nutrition. They also

are involved in communication between neurons.)

Back to board

C4 -300

300

What is:

Dendrite?

Back to board

C4 -400

400What are:

Nerves?

Back to board

C4 -500

500What is a:

Myelin sheath?(Review the figure showing the parts of a neuron, including

the myelin sheath.)

Back to board

C5 -100

100

What is:

The medulla?(Controls automatic, usually unconscious functions like

breathing and heart rate.)

Back to board

C5 -200

200

What is:

The reticular activating system?

(This network of nerve cells screens incoming sensory information and arouses or activates the cerebrum to

direct our attention to important information.)

Back to board

C5 -300

300

What is:

The pons?(This structure is implicated in sleeping,

dreaming, and waking. )

Back to board

C5 -400

400

What is:

Top of the spinal cord?(The brain stem starts where the spinal cord

ends. It is often considered to be the most primitive part of the brain.)

Back to board

C5 -500

500

What is:The Cerebellum?

(The name comes from this structure’s resemblance to the cerebrum, although it is smaller. The cerebellum

is thought to be important for coordinating motor tasks – balance, hand/eye coordination etc. The

cerebellum, like it’s namesake, may also be involved in higher order cognitive functions like problem

solving and understanding sensory information. )

Back to Board

C6 -200

200

What is:Hypothalamus?

(Involved in emotions and motivations related to survival including thirst, hunger, reproduction. It is the executive in charge of the hormonal

system – the pituitary is it’s second in command. The hypothalamus also regulates

the autonomic nervous system.)

Back to Board

C6 -400

400

What is:

Thalamus?(Relay station for all sensory information, except smell.

The thalamus directs the sensory information to appropriate parts of the cerebrum for further

analysis.)

Back to Board

C6 -600

600

What is:

Pituitary gland?

Back to Board

C6 -800

800

What is:

The hippocampus?(Functions to store new information in the brain.

It is NOT where older information is stored in memory. So if your hippocampus is damaged,

you might have trouble remembering this game in a couple of minutes, you would still

remember older, previously formed memories.)

Back to Board

C6 -1000

1000Who is:

Amygdala?(This structure controls your initial emotional response to stimuli. Also involved in arousal.

For example, may spur you to run in fear if you think you see a mugger behind a bush. This

initial response can be changed by the cerebrum upon further analysis. For example, if

you realize that the mugger is really just the wind blowing the limbs of the bush, you won’t

run.)

Back to Board

C7 -200

200

What is:

Temporal?(Located above the ears, this is where the

auditory cortex is located.)

Back to Board

C7 -400

400

What is:

Occipital?(The visual cortex is in the lobe

located at the back of the cerebrum.)

Back to Board

C7 -600

600What is:

Parietal?(The parietal lobe contains the somatosenory cortex. Soma means body, hence this part of the cerebrum analyzes sensory information, including temperature, sent from the body to the brain. The somatosensory cortex is adjacent to the motor cortex in the frontal lobe. So if Goldilocks senses that some porridge is too hot with the somatosensory cortex, the motor cortex can quickly send out a command to spit it out.)

Back to Board

C7 -800

800

What is:

Frontal?(This lobe has many functions including social judgment, higher-order thinking, and planning – these may account for Mr. Gage’s personality changes. This lobe is also involved in memory, and speech production. The motor cortex is also found here.)

Back to Board

C7 -1000

1000

Broca’s area?(Located on left side of frontal lobe. An area responsible for understanding speech is on the

left side of the temporal lobe, and is named Wernickes’ area.

Back to Board

C8 -200

200

What is:

Corpus Callosum

Back to Board

C8 -400

400

What is:Left?

(This is true even of most left handers. Broca’s area for speech production is located in the left

frontal lobe. Wernicke’s area for speech comprehension is in the left temporal lobe.)

Back to Board

C8 -600

600

What is:

Right?(The right hemisphere specializes in visual-spatial

tasks, and facial recognition may be a special case of such a task. This hemisphere is less

verbal than the left. Some people also believe it is more emotional and less logical than the left.)

Back to Board

C8 -800

800

What is:Right?

(Information from the left visual field crosses over to the opposite brain hemisphere, i.e. the right. Information from the right visual

field goes to the left brain.

Note that the visual field is the external visual environment, it is not your eyes. The information from the visual field is picked

up by your eyes, and is then sent to the brain. )

Back to Board

C8 -1000

1000

What is:

Right hand? (This is NOT because most people are right handed. Information

from the right visual field is processed by the left brain hemisphere. The left brain controls the right side of the body. Hence, the right hand has access to the picture seen by the left brain. You may remember that the left hemisphere is not a specialist in visual-spatial tasks, so it may not be a great artist. Despite this limitation, it can create a recognizable drawing.)

Back to Board

C9 -200

200

What is:

Brain waves?(Different stages of sleep show different patterns of

brain waves as measures by EEG, electroencephalogram.)

Back to Board

C9 -400

400What is:Stage 4?

(This is the deepest level of sleep, so it is surprising that sleepwalking and talking often occur now. The causes of sleepwalking are

not completely understood, but is more common in children and is associated with

illness, e.g., running a fever.)

Back to Board

C9 -600

600

What is:

REM?(Rapid eye movement. The first episode of REM sleep starts about 90 minutes after we fall asleep and recurs every 90 minutes thereafter. The length of REM varies, but tend to become longer at the end of the sleep cycle, i.e., when we are close to waking up. REM sleep is also called paradoxical sleep, because our brain waves show that our brains are very active – almost awake, but our muscles are partially paralyzed.)

Back to Board

C9 -800

800What is:

Reflection of current concerns?(Theory that our dreams reflect issues from our current life. Hence students dream about exams because they spend part of their waking hours

preparing for, taking, and worrying about exams. Nonstudents are less likely to dream about

exams.)

Back to Board

C9 -1000

1000What is :

Activation-synthesis theory?(The pons, a structure in the brain stem, is involved in sleep and dreaming. Neurons in the pons fire during

sleep, hence information is sent to the brain from the pons – this is the activation. The information is random, it is not in story form. The higher order functions of our cerebrum, however, tries to make sense of those random thoughts,

images, and feelings and incorporate them into a dream – this is the synthesis. This process may explain why many

of our dreams are so weird.

Back to Board

C10 -200

200

What is:

Localization of function?

Back to Board

C10 -400

400

What are:

Parkinson’s disease?

Back to Board

C10 -600

600

What are:

Stem cells?

Back to Board

C10 -800

800

What is:

Limbic system?

Back to Board

C10 -1000

1000What is:

Olfactory bulb?(Smell is the only sense that is not relayed by the thalamus. Because the olfactory bulb is close to areas involved in emotion and memory, it makes sense that certain smells can sometimes evoke

strong emotions and memories.)

What is:

PET scan?(Positron emission tomography works by tracking the brain’s use of

glucose. When a part of the brain is active, the blood carries glucose that the brain uses for energy to that part of the brain.

Hence by tracking the glucose use, investigators can get a sense of the workings of the brain. In studies, a radioactive element is

injected with a glucoselike substance. Special scanners track the radioactivity as it travels through the blood stream. The level of

radioactivity is very low and is not harmful. Some PET scans track blood flow or oxygen levels to determine brain activity. )

Final Jeopardy