Psychology
Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.5)
01
Psychology
Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.5)
Lesson Plan Objectives: Characterize the physical, social and emotional
changes that take place in adulthood. Identify and describe the changes that occur in
health and life during old age. Identify and describe how people physically,
mentally and socially adjust to old age.
02
CT
Psychology
Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.5)
Lesson Plan Objectives: Identify and describe the five emotional stages
encountered by individuals prior to dying. Identify and describe the elements and benefits
of hospice care.
03
Psychology
Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.5)
Adulthood: “A full grown human/organism that has
obtained both “legal age” and maturity” Early Adulthood: 20 – 30 years of age Middle Adulthood: 30 – 40 years of age Late Adulthood: 50 – 60 years of age
05
CT
Psychology
Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.5)
Fig 5.1
How our bodies age
06
DQ
Psychology
Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.5)
Physical Changes - Change Theories: Breakdown theory of Aging: The human body
ages as a result of the breakdown of cells over time and the body’s inability to repair/replace the cells due to normal wear & tear.
Biological clock theory of Aging: The cells of a human body are genetically pre-programmed to divide and multiply a predetermined number of times. After the maximum number has been reached, the cells “die”.
07
CTCT
Psychology
Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.5)
Aging Gracefully
08
Psychology
Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.5)
Assignment: Chapter 5 Worksheet Part 1: Answer the questions for assignment
5-1 using pages 129 – 136. Part 2: Answer the questions for assignment
5-2 using pages 137 – 143 Responses must completely and fully answer all
parts of the question(s).
09
Psychology
Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.5)
Aging Information: Human body is at its physical peak between
18 – 30 years of age During the “peak” the body is strongest, healthiest & quickest reflexes Process of physical decline is slow and gradual
10
Psychology
Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.5)
Health Problems: Appearance Hair starts to thin & turn gray Skin starts to dry out, wrinkle and becomes inelastic Built up muscles & fat breaks down Stature begins to shrink Eyesight begins to fail, hard to focus on far & near objects (reading), difficulty seeing during darkness Gradual loss of ability to hear Gradual slowing of reaction times
11
CTCT
Psychology
Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.5)
Life Style Choices
Good health = Eating right, No smoking, No alcohol, Exercise &
Limited emotional stress
12
Psychology
Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.5)
Marriage and Divorce 90% of Adult in the US will marry 40% of marriages end in divorce Healthy marriages: have same number of arguments but argue constructively & focus on solutions
13
DQ
Psychology
Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.5)
Cognitive Changes Continued ability to acquire “new” knowledge Some decline in process speed Flexibility in “thinking processes” increases with
experienceCreativity peaks for:
Scholarship, science & arts by 40 Humanities, literature & foreign languages by 60
14
CT
Psychology
Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.5)
Social & Personality Development: An individual’s personality remains stable over
the years
20 - 40
40 - 60
16
Psychology
Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.5)
17
CT
CT
Psychology
Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.5)
Female Development: Empty nest – depression from lack of purpose Fewer demands w/o raising children Return to previous careers, college, hobbies Raising grandchildren
18
Psychology
Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.5)
Old Age: Attitudes Many “younger” individuals regard old age as one
step from the grave Popular media makes jokes about it Use of “senior citizen” or “golden agers” to describe Decremential Model of Aging – physical & mental
decline with old aging General belief that old agers suffer poor health, live
in poverty, frequent victims of crime, sit around and do nothing
19
CT
Psychology
Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.5)
Changes in Health 1% decline in physical strength and senses each year 25% of individuals over 65 are obese 40% have one chronic disease (heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, arthritis)
20
Psychology
Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.5)
Changes in Health Major causes of death in old age: heart disease, cancer or stroke General quality of health care for old agers is
poor than general population Lower socioeconomic class Lack of physicians willing to treat Long-term chronic conditions
21
CT
Psychology
Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.5)
Changes in Life Situation:
Adult transitions - Retirement & Widowhood By age 65, 50% of women & 20% of males lose
spouses through death By age 80, 70% of women & 33% of males are
alone Across the generations: 6-widows for every widower
22
CT
Psychology
Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.5)
Changes in Life Situation:
Adult transitions – Depression Due to life changes (aging, loss of spouse or
friends) Symptoms: weight changes, feelings of worthlessness, extreme sadness, inability concentrate, thoughts of death or suicide
23
Psychology
Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.5)
Adjusting to Old Age When individuals are unable to maintain what
they value (health, socialization, friends/family, leisure/work activities) self worth & quality of life suffers Assertive personalities are better able to cope
(demand more) Support groups: AARP (American Association
of Retired People)
24
CT
Psychology
Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.5)
Changes in Metal Functioning “Fluid Intelligence” – ability to solve abstract relational problems decreases “Crystallized Intelligence” – ability to accumulate
knowledge and learning continues Difficulty in retrieving information from memory Senile Dementia – forgetfulness, memory loss,
disorientation, impaired thinking and attention, altered personality, difficulty in relation to others
25
CT
Psychology
Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.5)
Alzheimer’s Disease: 4th leading cause of death in the US, approx. 4-million infected Neurological disease – gradual deterioration of cognitive functions Frequent forgetting, poor judgment, irritability Inability to comprehend simple questions, unable to
recognize family or friends Weakened physical & mental state makes the individual vulnerable to other illnesses
27
CT
Psychology
Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.5)
Death & Dying: Social issues – care for the dying, cultural issues, legal & medical issues (assisted suicide) Thanatology – Study of death & dying Dr. Elisabeth Küber-Ross: 5-Stages of psychological adjustment
Denial, Anger, Bargaining, Depression, Acceptance
29
CT
Psychology
Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.5)
Hospice: 1900 – average life span: approx. 50 years Individuals usually died at home 2000 – average life span: approx. 75 years Today many individuals die in hospitals or nursing homes
30
Psychology
Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.5)
Hospice: Medical machines prolong life when the body is
unable Hospice is designed to make the dying patient’s
surroundings pleasant & comfortable Not to prolong life but to improve the quality of
life remaining Use of drugs to ease discomfort and ease pain
31
Psychology
Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.5)
END
34