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Forest Restoration usingNative Trees

Eric D. BuduanPhilippine Tropical Forest Conservation Foundation


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Outline of Presentation

I. Forest decline in the Philippines

II. Causes of forest decline

III. Present condition of forestlandsIV. Why restore forest

V. Why use native trees

VI. Forest Restoration using native trees

VII. Nursery management

VIII. Restored forest

IX. PTFCF


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SOURCE: HARIBON

60% forest cover 40% forest cover

FOREST DECLINE

70-80% forest cover

Idealforest

cover is45%


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SOURCE: HARIBON

34% forest cover

23.7% forest cover

FOREST DECLINE


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Forest Cover of the Philippines- 2002

Forest cover

declined from

70-80% in1900 toonly

17.9% (5.39Mhas) in 2002

(DENR-2005).


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Commercial logging has led the way in destruction of rain forest since the1800's, but surged dramatically in the 1960s and 1970s. This photo was taken

on Mount Busa, Mindanao, in 1993. 2001 (photograph by R. Brown)

Causes of Forest Decline


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Land-use

conversion

(plantations of oil

palm Espanola,

Palawan)


2007

2010


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Land-use conversion (rice paddies and banana plantation

Maragusan, Compostela Valley)



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Kaingin-

making (slash

and burn

farming)



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Mining

operation



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Forest fire,charcoal making,

fuelwood

collection



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Timber poaching,

illegal logging



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Mangrove tan bark

collection Rizal,

Palawan



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Conversion ofmangroves to

fishponds (aqua

culture)



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Livestock grazing and annual burning resulted to thisdegraded forestland (Aritao, Nueva Viscaya)

Present condition of Forestlands


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Livestock grazing and annual burning resulted to thisdegraded forestland (Aritao, Nueva Viscaya)


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Kaingin (with annual burning) and conversion toagriculture resulted to this degraded forestland (Tulgao,Tinglayan, Kalinga)


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Logging and kaingin resulted to this degraded forestland(San Mariano, Isabela)


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Kaingin and vegetable production resulted to thisdegraded forestland (La Paz, Zamboanga City)


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Kaingin making for corn and upland rice cultivationfavoured the massive colonization of exotic Piperaduncum(Tboli, South Cotabato)


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Kaingin and burning resulted to this degraded forestland


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Mining operation is contributing significant destruction offorest and forestlands (Narra, Palawan)


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Why restore our forest????

Mitigate impacts of global warming and climate change

Ensure sustainability of forest goods and services

Conservation of biodiversity

Protection of our watersheds that supports food

production. Life support system of indigenous people and lowland

communities

2011 International Year

of Forests


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Why use native tree species????

Biodiversity conservation purposes Sustain forest goods (food, timber, medicines) and services

(habitat of wildlife).

National pride and heritage conservation of endemic

speciesConsistent to forest ecosystems succession (from

grassland, brushland, secondary forest then primary forest)


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Why not use exotictree species????

Negative impact onwatersheds and protection

areas

Minimal biodiversity

conservation contribution Recommended only for

plantation and production areas


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Forest Restoration Considerations

Site identification and characterization (consider

soil, elevation, climate, degree of degradation)

Define objective of forest restoration (production,

protection, aesthetics) Establish partnerships and work-out agreements

(with DENR, LGU, communities, church)

Nursery development and management (site

development, source of planting materials) Planting (Rainforestation, Assisted Natural

Regeneration, Enrichment planting)

Protection and maintenance (including fire

prevention/protection system)


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Forest Restoration using Native Trees

Seed collection from identified mothertrees.


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Collection ofwildlings (ifseeds are notavailable),leaving behind atleast 20% as

future trees


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Nursery care for at least 6 months prior toplanting. Activities include soil bagging, plantingof seedlings, watering, and hardening-off.


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A three-year old Igyo a fast growingpioneer tree speciesmuch suitable for

planting in open areas.


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Fruits of Apitong a dipterocarp.


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Bignay fruits suitable for making wine andvinegar. Food for wildlife too.


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Fruit and seeds of Katmon suitable mix for

sinigang and good source of Vitamin. C


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Antipolo fruits Seed can be

roasted and eaten (source ofcarbohydrates)


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Tibig fruits food forwildlife.

Can bepropagatedthrucuttings andseeds


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Tabo and wild rambutan fruits= additionalsource of income for the Indigenous People

of Southern Palawan


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Nursery operation from mother tree survey to potting, recovery chamber for wildlings

and maintenance (FRENDS_Mt. Palali, Nueva Viscaya

Nursery Management


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Dipterocarp nursery in Bohol Biodiversity Complex, Bilar,Bohol partnership among PTFCF, SWCF, BEMO andCVSCAFT (BISU)

Nursery Management


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Nursery

management in

Kanawan,

Morong, Bataan

Nursery Management


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collection of seeds and

use of seedbed to store

and propagate available

seeds

Nursery Management


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use of recovery chamber to

increase survival rate of collected

wildlings.

Nursery Management


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the use of wildlings

recovery chamber resultedto 80-90% survival rate

(right photo) as compared

to without chamber (left

photo)

Nursery Management


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Propagation using

Sonneratia sp. (Pagatpat)

seeds for mass production

Nursery Management (Mangrove)


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Production of mangroveseedlings for planting in

abandoned fishponds and

denuded mangrove forest

Nursery Management (Mangrove)


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A 3-year old mayapis planted in RSPL, Bilar, Bohol

Native trees for forest restoration

N i f f i


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Native trees for forest restoration

There are at least 254 trees and plantsthat are endemic to various provinces

of the Philippines (Rojo and Fernando)

R d f i i


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Restored forest using native trees

A 15-year old rainforestation farm planted withdipterocarp trees in Ormoc, Leyte (formerly

sugarcane field)

R t d f t i ti t


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Restored forest using native trees

A 15-year old rainforestation farm planted withdipterocarp trees in Baybay, Leyte.


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C i f C


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Established under two bilateralagreements signed on Sept.19, 2002, between thegovernments of the UnitedStates and the Philippinesunder the US Tropical ForestConservation Act.

Leveraged $5.5 million USGappropriation to treat$41.5 million in RP-US debtand divert $8.25 million inpeso-denominated interestpayments over 14 years, tothe Tropical ForestConservation Fund.

9 Trustees (5 NGOrepresentatives, 2 each forPhilippine and USgovernments)

Creation of PTFCF


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1.Grant giving

2. Knowledge generation and sharing

3. Catalyzing bureaucratic action and civilsociety action

PTFCF role in Forest Conservation

PTFCF is a member of the Rain ForestRestoration Initiative (RFRI) network.(www.rainforestation.ph)

Th k h!!!


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Thank you very much!!!

Philippine Tropical Forest Conservation Foundation (PTFCF)Unit 11-3A Manila Bank Building, 6772 Ayala Avenue

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