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A Public Health Crisisand the Demographics of

ObesityUrsula E Bauer

Director, National Center for Chronic Disease Preention andHealth Promotion

Centers for Disease Control and PreentionNon!Blac#

H

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Outline  Public Health

Crisis

"hat is obesit Do $e hae acrisis%

"ho&s obese% Demographicobesity

'o $hat and $cares%

Conse(uencobesity

"hat causes o

"hat do $e doit%

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PublicHealth

 Public health refers to all organi)ed measure*$hether public or priate+ to preent diseapromote health, and prolong life among thepopulation as a $hole

-ts actiities aim to proide conditions in $hcan be healthy and focus on entire populatio

on indiidual patients or diseases

"orld Health Organi)ation

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 .he foundingpromise of theUnited 'tates

Clic# icon to add picture

/ .o secure ceinalienable

0 .o e1ect theand happinepeople

2 All men are e(ual

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 .heDeclaration

3He has refu

his Assen4a$s,the most

$holesome necessary foPublic 5ood

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PublicHealthCrisis !

epidemic

Epidemic refers to an increase, often suddenumber of cases of a disease aboe $hat is e7pected in that population in that area

 .he amount of a particular disease that is upresent in a community is referred to as theor endemic leel of the disease .his leel

necessarily the desired leel, $hich may in f)ero, but rather is the obsered leel

Centers for Disease Control and Preention

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"hat isobesity%

E7cess body fat

B8-9 pro7y measure, $eightfor height

Does not measure fat Adults9 absolute alues,

$eight in :g per height in 80

Children9 compared to age!and se7!speci;c gro$thcharts

Under$eight *=th to

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Prealenceof obesity,U' 0/

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Prevalence of Self-Reported Obesity Among U.S. AduBRSS, !""#

No Data

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Prevalence of Self-Reported Obesity Among U.S. AduBRSS, $%%#

No Data

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 .rends in obesityby age9U', /? !/?0through 0//!/0

/

0

2

0!= years !// years

/?/! /?!> /?>>!? 

'ource9 CDCFNCH' National Health E7amination 'ureys -- *ages !//+, --- *ages /0!/+, and National Health and Nutrition E7am

NHANE' /???!0, 0/!00, 02!0, 0=!0, 0!0>, 0?!0/ and 0//!0/0http9FF$$$cdcgoFnchsFdataFhestatFobesityGchildG//G/0FobesityGchildG//G/0htm CDCFNCH' National Health E7amination 'ur

/???!

/?!/?0

 &ear

%

%

%

%

http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/hestat/obesity_child_11_12/obesity_child_11_12.htmhttp://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/hestat/obesity_child_11_12/obesity_child_11_12.htmhttp://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/hestat/obesity_child_11_12/obesity_child_11_12.htm

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2 to 5 6 to 11 12 to 19 20 to 39 40 to 59 60 & over0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

8.9

17.5

20.5

32.3

40.2

37

Prevalence of obesity among yout an! a!ults by age" 2 to 60 an! over# $nit

'ge (years)

Percent

Obesityratesincrease

$ithincreasingage

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*on+is,anic -ite *on+is,anic lac/ *on+is,anic 'sian +is,anic0

10

20

30

40

50

60

35.5

56.9

11.9

45.7

33.6

37.5

11.2

39

Prevalence of obesity among a!ults age! 20 an! over" by se" race an! +is,anic orig

-omen en

ace an! +is,anic rigin

Percent

• "omen haehigher obesity

rates than men• Blac#s and

Hispanics haehigher ratesthan $hites andAsians

• ariations byraceFethnicityare greater for$omen thanmen

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0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

27.4

36.234.8

32.1  32.9

34.6

29.2

23.4

38.439.8

42.1

29

39

42

Prevalence of obesity among a!ults age! 20 years an! over" by ,overty income ratio" e!ucati

en -omen

!ucation

Percent

Poverty 5ncome 2atio (P

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health an N!t"ition E#a$ination S!"%e&, 2''()2''8

• @or $omen,obesity rates areinerselyassociated $itheducation andincome

• @or men, thehighest rates arein the middle

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"here are$e%

Health is a public good

Public health preentsdisease and promotes

health of the population Protecting health is part of

goernment&s charge to3e1ect safety andhappiness6 and 3promotethe general $elfare6

3Organi)ed measures,6

ta#en by society, proidethe conditions in $hichpeople can be healthy

Public health crisis occurs$hen a disease or conditione7ceeds normal e7pectancy

Obesity refere7cess of bod

Obesity rates

doubled for atripled for chthe /?s

Obesity ratesage, se7, raceducation, in

geography .hough comm

segments of are a1ected others

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'o $hat and$ho cares%

 .he conse(uences ofobesity

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"hat causedthe increasein obesity%

-nstitute of 8edicine9 Preenting Childhood Obesity, 0 http9FF$$$napeduFreadF///

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Designedfor disease

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'ometrends

Calories consumedincreased by 2/Fday

from mid!/?s to early0s, then decreasedby Fday, for adults

@e$er than 2 of / highschool students get minutesFday of physicalactiity

"or# energy e7pendituredecreased by/JcaloriesFday

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Largest 

Impact 

Smallest 

Impact 

*a+to" that -..e+t Health

E#a$

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h&i+all& a

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decisions healthy 

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9 E!+ation

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"hat do $edo about it%

5oal9 Decrease energy inta#e, increase ener Eidence!based practices Promising practices

8ulticomponent interentions in multiple se Children9 interentions in childcare and scho

improe nutrition (uality of foods and increaactiity

Adults9 $or#site programs that ma#e healthyaailable and o1er opportunitiesFincenties factiity

Harard CHO-CE' model9

E7cise ta7 on sugary drin#s Elimination of ta7 subsidy for adertising un

food to children Nutrition standards for foods and drin#s sold 8enu labeling

And $hat solutions arealready under$ay%

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"hat&salreadyunder$ay%And may be $or#ing

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"rap up

Health is a public good

Obesity is a threat topublic health

Common, costly anddebilitating

Kates doubled foradults and tripled forchildren since the /?s

Causes of obesity include -ncreases in calorie

inta#e

Decreases in physicalactiity

Changes to the foodand physicalenironments

'olutions includ 34a$s most $

and necessapublic good6

Healthy H:ids Act

8enu 4ab

3Organi)ed m 4et&s 8oe

'afe Kout @arm to -n

-nterentionsof the pyram

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 .han# you$$$cdcgoFobesity