[PubOff] [Nov 13]

8/10/2019 [PubOff] [Nov 13]

1/29

PUBOFF | B2015CASE DIGESTS

Maquiling vs. ComelecApril 16, 2013SERENO, CJ.:

Luisa (kinda used Michels locgov digest! thank you!)

S MMAR!"

Rommel Arnado is a nat ral !orn Fil "iti#en $%o lost%is Fil "iti#ens%i& $%en %e !e"ame a nat rali#ed US "iti#en'(e a&&lied )or re&atriation and met t%e t$in re* irements o) ta+in, t%e oat% o) alle,ian"e and reno n"in, %is US"iti#ens%i&' (o$e-er. %e still "ontin ed to se %is US&ass&ort in %is tra-el a!road' S !se* entl/. %e led %isCOC'

A &etition to dis* ali)/ "an"el COC $as led a,ainst%im on t%e ,ro nd o) "iti#ens%i&' (e $as not a!le to le anans$er ntil a)ter ele"tions %e $on3 and %is &ro"lamation'

T%e se"ond &la"er. 4a* ilin,. inter-ened. "laimin,t%at sin"e t%e $innin, "andidate Arnado3 $as dis* ali ed)rom t%e !e,innin,. %e is t%e * ali ed ma/or'

SC %eld t%at Arnado $as dis* ali ed )rom t%e!e,innin, and t%at 4a* ilin, $as t%e * ali ed ma/or'

#OC$R%NE"

e %a-e r led in t%e re"ent "ases o) Aratea -'CO4E6EC and 7alos8os -' CO4E6EC t%at a -oid COC "annot&rod "e an/ le,al e9e"t' T% s. t%e -otes "ast in )a-or o) t%eineli,i!le "andidate are not "onsidered at all in determinin,t%e $inner o) an ele"tion'

As in an/ "ontest. ele"tions are ,o-erned !/ r lest%at determine t%e * ali "ations and dis* ali "ations o)t%ose $%o are allo$ed to &arti"i&ate as &la/ers' %en t%ereare &arti"i&ants $%o t rn o t to !e ineli,i!le. t%eir -i"tor/ is-oided and t%e la rel is a$arded to t%e ne:t in ran+ $%odoes not &ossess an/ o) t%e dis* ali "ations nor la"+s an/o) t%e * ali "ations set in t%e r les to !e eli,i!le as"andidates'

Rommel Arnado is a nat ral !orn Fili&ino"iti#en' (o$e-er. as a "onse* en"e o) %is s !se* entnat rali#ation as a "iti#en o) t%e United States o) Ameri"a.%e lost %is Fili&ino "iti#ens%i&' Arnado a&&lied )orre&atriation nder RA ;o'

8/10/2019 [PubOff] [Nov 13]

2/29


ma/or o) a s$a,an. 6anao del ;orte in "onne"tion $it% t%e10 4a/ 2010 lo"al and national ele"tions' Bal a "ontendedt%at Arnado is not a resident o) a s$a,an. 6anao del ;orteand t%at %e is a )orei,ner. atta"%in, t%ereto t%e 9

- A "erti "ation iss ed !/ t%e B rea o) Immi,rationdated 2? A&ril 2010 indi"atin, t%e nationalit/ o)Arnado as USA>Ameri"an

- A "om& ter>,enerated tra-el re"ord dated 0?De"em!er 200< indi"atin, t%at Arnado %as !een

sin, %is US Pass&ort ;o' 05 =2 00 in enterin, andde&artin, t%e P%ili&&ines

- A "erti "ation )rom t%e B rea o) Immi,ration dated2? A&ril 2010. "erti)/in, t%at t%e name Arnado.Rommel Ca,o"o a&&ears in t%e &assen,er mani)est

On ?0 A&ril 2010. t%e CO4E6EC First Di-ision3 iss ed anOrder re* irin, Arnado to &ersonall/ le %is ans$er andmemorand m $it%in t%ree ?3 da/s )rom re"ei&t t%ereo)'A)ter Arnado )ailed to ans$er t%e &etition. Bal a mo-ed tode"lare %im in de)a lt and to &resent e-iden"e e:>&arte'

;eit%er motion $as a"ted &on. %a-in, !een o-erta+en!/ t%e 2010 ele"tions $%ere Arnado ,arnered t%e %i,%estn m!er o) -otes and $as s !se* entl/ &ro"laimed as t%e$innin, "andidate )or 4a/or o) a s$a,an. 6anao del ;orte'It $as onl/ a)ter %is &ro"lamation t%at Arnado led %is-eri ed ans$er'

COME&EC '%RS$ #%(%S%ON"

Instead o) treatin, t%e Petition as an a"tion )or t%e"an"ellation o) a "erti "ate o) "andida"/ !ased onmisre&resentation. t%e CO4E6EC First Di-ision "onsidered itas one )or dis* ali "ation' T%e/ ,ranted t%e &etition )ordis* ali "ation'

T%e/ %eld t%at Bal a )ailed to &resent an/ e-iden"e tos &&ort %is "ontention t%at Arnado $as a US "iti#en ! tCO4E6EC disa,reed $it% Arnado s "laim t%at %e is a Fili&ino"iti#en' Arnado s a"t o) "onsistentl/ sin, %is US &ass&orta)ter reno n"in, %is US "iti#ens%i& on 0? A&ril 200 ;o * estion as to t%e "orre"tness o) t%e ret rns ort%e manner o) "astin, and "o ntin, t%e !allots is!e)ore t%e de"idin, &o$er. and ,enerall/ t%e onl/res lt "an !e t%at t%e ele"tion )ails entirel/'

> T%ere is not. stri"tl/ s&ea+in,. a "ontest. as t%e$reat% o) -i"tor/ "annot !e trans)erred )rom anineli,i!le "andidate to an/ ot%er "andidate $%en t%esole * estion is t%e eli,i!ilit/ o) t%e one re"ei-in, a&l ralit/ o) t%e le,all/ "ast !allots'> T%e * estion is "on ned to t%e &ersonal "%ara"terand "ir" mstan"es o) a sin,le indi-id al'

The popular vote does not cure theineligibility of a candidate.

%en t%e la$ re* ires "ertain * ali "ations to !e&ossessed or t%at "ertain dis* ali "ations !e not &ossessed!/ &ersons desirin, to ser-e as ele"ti-e & !li" o@"ials.t%ose * ali "ations m st !e met !e)ore one e-en !e"omesa "andidate' T%e !allot "annot o-erride t%e "onstit tionaland stat tor/ re* irements )or * ali "ations anddis* ali "ations o) "andidates'

(en"e. $%en a &erson $%o is not * ali ed is -oted )or ande-ent all/ ,arners t%e %i,%est n m!er o) -otes. e-en t%e

$ill o) t%e ele"torate e:&ressed t%ro ,% t%e !allot "annot" re t%e de)e"t in t%e * ali "ations o) t%e "andidate'

Ma uiling is not a second placer

it% Arnado s dis* ali "ation. 4a* ilin, t%en !e"omes t%e$inner in t%e ele"tion as %e o!tained t%e %i,%est n m!er o)-otes )rom amon, t%e * ali ed "andidates'

e %a-e r led in t%e re"ent "ases o) Aratea -' CO4E6EC and 7alos8os -' CO4E6EC t%at a -oid COC "annot &rod "e an/le,al e9e"t' T% s. t%e -otes "ast in )a-or o) t%e ineli,i!le"andidate are not "onsidered at all in determinin, t%e$inner o) an ele"tion'

E-en $%en t%e -otes )or t%e ineli,i!le "andidate aredisre,arded. t%e $ill o) t%e ele"torate is still res&e"ted. ande-en more so' T%e -otes "ast in )a-or o) an ineli,i!le"andidate do not "onstit te t%e sole and total e:&ression o)t%e so-erei,n -oi"e' T%e -otes "ast in )a-or o) eli,i!le andle,itimate "andidates )orm &art o) t%at -oi"e and m st also!e res&e"ted'

As in an/ "ontest. ele"tions are ,o-erned !/ r les t%atdetermine t%e * ali "ations and dis* ali "ations o) t%ose

$%o are allo$ed to &arti"i&ate as &la/ers' %en t%ere are&arti"i&ants $%o t rn o t to !e ineli,i!le. t%eir -i"tor/ is-oided and t%e la rel is a$arded to t%e ne:t in ran+ $%odoes not &ossess an/ o) t%e dis* ali "ations nor la"+s an/o) t%e * ali "ations set in t%e r les to !e eli,i!le as"andidates'

T%ere is no need to a&&l/ t%e r le "ited in 6a!o -'CO4E6EC t%at $%en t%e -oters are $ell a$are $it%in t%e

8/10/2019 [PubOff] [Nov 13]

6/29


realm o) notoriet/ o) a "andidate s dis* ali "ation and still"ast t%eir -otes in )a-or said "andidate. t%en t%e eli,i!le"andidate o!tainin, t%e ne:t %i,%er n m!er o) -otes ma/!e deemed ele"ted' T%at r le is also a mere o!iter t%at) rt%er "om&li"ated t%e r les a9e"tin, * ali ed "andidates$%o &la"ed se"ond to ineli,i!le ones'

T%e ele"torate s a$areness o) t%e "andidate sdis* ali "ation is not a &rere* isite )or t%e dis* ali "ationto atta"% to t%e "andidate' T%e -er/ e:isten"e o) adis* ali)/in, "ir" mstan"e ma+es t%e "andidate ineli,i!le'

T%e se"ond>&la"er in t%e -ote "o nt is a"t all/ t%e rst>&la"er amon, t%e * ali ed "andidates'

T%at t%e dis* ali ed "andidate %as alread/ !een &ro"laimed

and %as ass med o@"e is o) no moment' T%e s !se* entdis* ali "ation !ased on a s !stanti-e ,ro nd t%at e:isted&rior to t%e lin, o) t%e "erti "ate o) "andida"/ -oids notonl/ t%e COC ! t also t%e &ro"lamation'

T%ere $as no "%an"e )or Arnado s &ro"lamation to !es s&ended nder Se"tion o) R'A' ;o' H !e"a se Arnado)ailed to le %is ans$er to t%e &etition see+in, %isdis* ali "ation' Arnado onl/ led %is Ans$er on 15 7 ne2010. lon, a)ter t%e ele"tions and a)ter %e $as alread/

&ro"laimed as t%e $inner'

Se"tion H0 starts $it% t%e statement T%e )ollo$in, &ersonsare dis* ali ed )rom r nnin, )or an/ ele"ti-e lo"al &osition'

T%e &ro%i!ition ser-es as a !ar a,ainst t%e indi-id als $%o)all nder an/ o) t%e en meration )rom &arti"i&atin, as"andidates in t%e ele"tion'

it% Arnado !ein, !arred )rom e-en !e"omin, a "andidate.%is "erti "ate o) "andida"/ is t% s rendered -oid )rom t%e!e,innin,' It "o ld not %a-e &rod "ed an/ ot%er le,al e9e"t'Arnado !ein, a non>"andidate. t%e -otes "ast in %is )a-ors%o ld not %a-e !een "o nted' T%is lea-es 4a* ilin, as t%e* ali ed "andidate $%o o!tained t%e %i,%est n m!er o)-otes' T%ere)ore. t%e r le on s ""ession nder t%e 6o"alGo-ernment Code $ill not a&&l/'

Dis&ositi-e &etition ,ranted

#%SSEN$%N8 O

8/10/2019 [PubOff] [Nov 13]

7/29


13 Arnado %as &er)ormed all a"ts re* ired !/ Se"tion5 23 o) Re& !li" A"t ;o' a"* irin, %is P%ili&&ine "iti#ens%i& nder RA

8/10/2019 [PubOff] [Nov 13]

8/29


!asis' So + n$are. 120 mins o) TK ads onABS. 120 on G4A. and so onN3

o For t%e 201? ele"tions. CO4E6EC Resol tion< 15. as amended !/ Resol tion < ?1. "%oseto a,,re,ate t%e total !road"ast time amon,

t%e di9erent !road"ast media' So + n$are.H0 mins o) TK ads on ABS. H0 on G4A. H0 nalan, &$ede sa TK5 +asi 120 na / n'3

o Sen' Alan Peter Ca/etano Petitioner>Inter-enor3 CO4E6EC ar!itraril/ "%an,ed t%er le' (e "ited $%at %a&&ened at t%e %earin,on t%e ne$ r le'> C%airman Brillantes I) in 2010. CO4E6EC

)elt t%at &er station is t%e r le. t%en t%at ist%e &rero,ati-e o) CO4E6EC' I) t%e " rrentCO4E6EC )eels t%at 120 is eno ,% )or t%e&arti" lar medi m li+e TK and 1=0 )or

radio. t%at is o r &rero,ati-e'o CO4E6EC did not %a-e an/ !asis )or t%e

a,,re,ate !asis. e:"e&t )or its o$n idea as to$%at s%o ld !e t%e ma:im m n m!er o) min tes'

!' CO4E6EC is d t/ !o nd to "ome & $it% reasona!le!asis )or "%an,in, t%e inter&retation andim&lementation o) t%e airtime limits

o CO4E6EC is t%e o@"e a t%ori#ed to en)or"eele"tion la$s. ! t it "annot e:er"ise its&o$ers $it%o t limitations or reasona!le!asis'

o CO4E6EC is not )ree to sim&l/ "%an,e t%er les es&e"iall/ i) it %as "onsistentl/inter&reted a le,al &ro-ision in a &arti" larmanner in t%e &ast'

o (ere. CO4E6EC did not ) ll/ e:&lain or 8 sti)/t%e "%an,e. e:"e&t to ma+e re)eren"e to t%eneed to le-el t%e &la/in, eld'

o I) t%e &er station !asis $as deemed eno ,%to "om&l/ $it% t%at o!8e"ti-e in t%e &ast. $%/s%o ld it no$ !e s ddenl/ inade* ate> CO4E6EC s ans$er $as sim&l/ t%at T%e

ri,%t to am&li)/ re, lation3 is $it% t%e

CO4E6EC'> T%ere is somet%in, !asi"all/ $ron, $it%t%is ans$er'

1' It does not reall/ &ro-ide a ,ood!asis )or "%an,e'

2 ' T%ose a9e"ted m st !e , i-en a!etter e:&lanation $%/ t%e &re-io sr les are no lon,er ,ood eno ,%'

x Glo!e -' ;TC It is essentialNi) an administrati-e a,en"/de"ides in"onsistentl/ $it%&re-io s a"tion. t%at it e:&laint%oro ,%l/N $%/ t%e&re-io s standards s%o ld nolon,er a&&l/'

"' T%e CO4E6EC $ent !e/ond t%e a t%orit/ ,ranted it!/ t%e la$ in ado&tin, a,,re,ate !asis in t%edetermination o) allo$a!le airtime'

o T%e la$. on its )a"e. does not 8 sti)/ a"on"l sion t%at t%e ma:im m allo$a!leairtime s%o ld !e !ased on t%e totalit/ o) !road"asts in all stations'

o RA

8/10/2019 [PubOff] [Nov 13]

9/29


o CO4E6EC T%e &%rase &er da/ &er station$as dro&&ed )rom t%e (o se and Senate !illss%o$s t%at Con,ress intended to im&osea,,re,ate total airtime limits'> T%e S &reme Co rt "annot !rin, itsel) to

read t%e "%an,es in t%e !ill as dis"losin,an intent CO4E6EC $ants t%e Co rt to & ton t%e la$'

> I) an/t%in,. it means t%at t%e "om& tationm st not !e !ased on a &er da/ !asis)or ea"% TK or radio station'

o CO4E6EC $ent !e/ond its le,al mandate$%en it &ro-ided )or r les !e/ond $%at $as"ontem&lated !/ t%e la$'> 6o+in -' CO4E6EC CO4E6EC %as neit%er

t%e a t%orit/ nor t%e li"ense to e:&and.e:tend. or add an/t%in, to t%e la$ it see+s

to im&lement t%ere!/'> C%ie) 7 sti"e ( ,%es De&artmental #ealma/ not !e &ermitted to o tr n t%ea t%orit/ "on)erred !/ stat te'

d' Se"' < a3 o) CO4E6EC Resol tion Commer"ial ad-ertisements in TK are

-ie$ed !/ onl/ ? T% s. a national "andidate $ill !e )or"edto se all o) %is airtime on TK onl/ in r!anareas s "% as 4etro 4anila. to a"%ie-ema:im m e:&os re'

o T%e ad-erted reason )or im&osin, t%ea,,re,ate>!ased airtime limits is to le-el t%e&la/in, eld' T%is does not "onstit te a

"om&ellin, state interest' %at CO4E6EC%as done is analo,o s to lettin, a !ird M/a)ter one t%at %as "li&&ed its $in,s' Anora$ 3

o It mi,%t also !e ne"essar/ t%at a national"andidate "on-e/ %is messa,e t%ro ,%diale"ts t%at t%e &eo&le ma/ more readil/

nderstand and relate to' To add all t%eseairtimes in di9erent diale"ts $o ld ,reatl/%am&er t%e a!ilit/ o) s "% "andidate toe:&ress %imsel)'

o CO4E6EC itsel) re"o,ni#es t%at e-en a sli,%t

in"rease in TK e:&os re "an si,ni "antl/!oost a "andidate s &o& larit/. name re"all.and ele"ta!ilit/' I) so. " rtailin, t%e a!ilit/ o) a"andidate to e9e"ti-el/ rea"% o t to t%eele"torate $o ld " rtail %is )reedom to s&ea+as a means o) "onne"tin, $it% t%e &eo&le'

o 7 sti"e Bla"+ T%e Fo ndin, Fat%ers ,a-e t%e)ree &ress t%e &rote"tion it m st %a-e to ) l llits essential role in o r demo"ra"/'

8/10/2019 [PubOff] [Nov 13]

10/29


e' Se"' < a3 o) CO4E6EC Resol tion < 15 is -iolati-e o) t%e &eo&le s ri,%t to s 9ra,e

o 4o/a -' Del Fierro T%e en)ran"%ised -oter%as a -oi"e in %is Go-ernment. and $%ene-er&ossi!le. it is t%e solemn d t/ o) t%e 8 di"iar/.

$%en "alled &on to a"t in 8 sti a!le "ases. to,i-e it e@"a"/ and not to stiMe or )r strate it'o illiams -' R%odes Com&etition in ideas and

,o-ernmental &oli"ies is at t%e "ore o) o rele"toral &ro"esses and o) t%e FirstAmendment )reedoms'> Candidates and &oliti"al &arties need t%e

means to disseminate t%eir ideas'

)' Resol tion < 15 needs &rior %earin, !e)ore ado&tiono CO4E6EC &rom l,ated Resol tion < 15 on

7an ar/ 15. 201? and t%en %eld a & !li"%earin, on 7an ar/ ?1. 201? to e:&lain'

o T%e ne$ Resol tion introd "ed a radi"al"%an,e' In t%is re,ard. it is not eno ,% t%att%e ne$ r les !e & !lis%ed or e:&lained a)tert%e/ %ad !een ado&ted'

o CIR -' CA %en t%e administrati-e r le ,oes!e/ond inter&retation. ! t s !stantiall/ addsto or in"reases t%e ! rden o) t%ose ,o-erned.it !e%oo-es t%e a,en"/ to a""ord to t%osedire"tl/ a9e"ted at least a "%an"e to !e %eard!e)ore t%at ne$ iss an"e is ,i-en t%e )or"eand e9e"t o) la$'> T%is "ase a&&lies to CO4E6EC m tatis

m tandis. e-en i) CO4E6EC is aninde&endent o@"e' R les t%at a&&l/ toadministrati-e a,en"ies m st !e deemedto a&&l/ to CO4E6EC as a di"tate o) d e&ro"ess'

,' Resol tion < 15 does not im&ose an nreasona!le! rden on t%e !road"ast ind str/

o Se"' o) t%e Resol tion ma+es it nla$) l )oran/ radio. tele-ision. "a!le tele-ision station.or ot%er mass media to sell or ,i-e )ree o) "%ar,e air time to an/ "andidate in e:"ess o) t%e limit

o

G4A "ontends t%at t%is re* irement im&oses&on t%e !road"ast ind str/ t%e nreasona!led t/ to monitor t%e &oliti"al ad-ertisements itairs> A""ordin, to G4A s st d/. )or t%e entire

ele"tion season. t%is $o ld entail anadditional 2 .H It "annot !e &rior restraint. sin"e t%ere is

no restri"tion on dissemination o) in)ormation !e)ore !road"ast

> T%is is a "ontent ne tral re, lation. $%i"%is allo$ed

#%S

8/10/2019 [PubOff] [Nov 13]

11/29


&o=in v. Commission onElec ions

"une ##$ #%&%'ersamin$ ".

s ald P. *mbat

S MMAR!" 7 st !e)ore t%e 4a/ 1H. 200 ele"tions. CIBAC.t%ro ,% its President Killan e-a. led a "erti "ate o) nomination. s !stit tion and amendment. $it%dra$in,)rom its list o) nominees alread/ s !mitted to t%eCO4E6EC t%e name o). amon, ot%ers. 6o+in' T%e CO4E6ECa&&ro-ed. !ased on +ection &,$ -esolution /%0 . $%i"%allo$ed s !stit tion in "ase o) $it%dra$al o) nomination !/t%e &art/>list or,ani#ation' 6o+in assailed t%e"onstit tionalit/ o) +ection &,$ -esolution /%0 ' T%eS &reme Co rt de"lared t%e &ro-ision in-alid. sin"e ite:&anded t%e ,ro nd &ro-ided in +ection /$ -1 20& '

#OC$R%NE" T%e 6e,islat re. t%ro ,% +ection /$ -1 20& .de&ri-ed t%e &art/>list or,ani#ation o) t%e ri,%t to "%an,eits nominees or to alter t%e order o) nominees on"e t%e listis s !mitted to t%e CO4E6EC. e3cept $%en a3 t%enominee dies. !3 t%e nominee $it%dra$s in $ritin, %isnomination. or "3 t%e nominee !e"omes in"a&a"itated'

'AC$S"1' Citi#ens Battle A,ainst Corr &tion CIBAC3. re,istered

nder t%e &art/>list s/stem. mani)ested its intent to&arti"i&ate in t%e 4a/ 1H. 200 ele"tions'a' T%ro ,% its &resident. Emman el 7oel Killan e-a. it

s !mitted a list o) 5 nominees to t%e CO4E6EC'!' T%e nominees. in t%e order t%at t%eir names a&&eared

in t%e "erti "ate o) nomination. $ere 13 Killan e-a.

23 6 is 6o+in. 7r'. ?3 Cin"%ona Cr #>Gon#ales. H3S%er$in T ,na. and 53 Emil Galan,' T%eir "erti "ateso) a""e&tan"e $ere atta"%ed to t%e "erti "ate o) nomination'

"' T%e list o) nominees $as later & !lis%ed in T%e

P%ili&&ine Star ;e$s and T%e P%ili&&ine Dail/ In* irer'2' Be)ore t%e ele"tions 4a/ . 200 3. CIBAC. t%ro ,%Killan e-a. led a "erti "ate o) nomination. s !stit tionand amendment'a' It $it%dre$ t%e nominations o) 6o+in. T ,na and

Galan,. and s !stit ted Armi 7ane Bor8e as one o) t%enominees'

!' T%e amended list t% s in"l ded 13 Killan e-a. 23Cr #>Gon#ales. and ?3 Bor8e'

?' A)ter t%e ele"tions 7 ne 20. 200 3. Killan e-a sent aletter to CO4E6EC C%air&erson Ben8amin A!alos.atta"%in, t%e si,ned &etitions o) more t%an =1Q o) CIBAC

mem!ers'a' T%e &etitions "on rmed t%e s !stit tion &re-io sl/made'

!' It $as stated t%erein t%at 6o+in and T ,na $ere notamon, t%e nominees &resented and &ro"laimed !/CIBAC in its &ro"lamation rall/. and t%at Galan, %adsi,ni ed %is desire to )o" s on %is )amil/ li)e'

H' On 7 ne 2 . 200 . CIBAC. s &&osedl/ t%ro ,% its "o nsel.led $it% t%e CO4E6EC en banc . as t%e ;ational Board o)

Can-assers ;BC3. a motion see+in, t%e &ro"lamation o) 6o+in as its se"ond nominee'a' T%e motion $as & r&ortedl/ !ased on Part/>6ist

Can-ass Re&ort ;o' 2 . $%i"% s%o$ed t%at CIBAC,arnered HH. H -otes' T% s. !ased on rele-ant)orm las. it $as entitled to a se"ond seat'

!' Killan e-a and Cr #>Gon#ales o&&osed t%e motion'5' Sin"e t%e CO4E6EC )ailed to a"t on t%e "erti "ate o)

s !stit tion. Killan e-a led a &etition to "on rm t%esame on 7 ne 2=. 200 'a' On 7 l/ . 200 . t%e CO4E6EC resol-ed to set t%e

matter &ertainin, to t%e -alidit/ o) t%e $it%dra$al ands !stit tion )or &ro&er dis&osition and %earin, as E'4';o' 0 >05H'

8/10/2019 [PubOff] [Nov 13]

12/29


' In t%e meantime. t%e CO4E6EC en banc . as t%e ;BC.iss ed ;BC Resol tion ;o' 0 > 0 dated 7 l/ 05H. a&&ro-in, t%e $it%dra$al ands !stit tion'a' It e:&lained t%at t%e a"tions o) Killan e-a in %is

"a&a"it/ as t%e &resident o) CIBAC $ere &res med to!e $it%in t%e s"o&e o) %is a t%orit/ as s "%'

!' Under +ection &$ 1rticle *4$ 5*'15 'y La s$ Killan e-a.as &resident. $as "%ar,ed to o-ersee and dire"t"or&orate a"ti-ities. $%i"% in"l ded s !mission o) its"erti "ate o) nominees'

"' T%e a"t o) $it%dra$al. alt%o ,% done $it%o t an/

$ritten Board a&&ro-al. $as a""om&lis%ed $it% t%eBoard s a"* ies"en"e or at least nderstandin,'d' T% s. Cr #>Gon#ales $as &ro"laimed as t%e o@"ial

se"ond nominee and too+ %er oat% on Se&tem!er 1 .200 '

=' 6o+in no$a' See+s to "om&el CO4E6EC to &ro"laim %im as t%e

se"ond nominee. -ia mandamus6 and!' Assails. t%ro ,% certiorari . i3 Se"tion 1?. Resol tion

=0H R les and Re, lations Go-ernin, t%e Filin, o) 4ani)estation o) Intent to Parti"i&ate. and S !mission

o) ;ames o) ;ominees3. $%i"% &ro-ides a ri,%t to"%an,e nominees. and ii3 t%e resol tion o) t%eCO4E6EC in E'4' ;o' 0 >05H' (e ar, es t%atResol tion =0H e:&anded Se"tion =. RA R &%N8S"1' Does t%e S &reme Co rt %a-e 8 risdi"tion 7es.

2' Is 6o+in , ilt/ o) )or m s%o&&in, 8o.?' Is Se"tion 1?. Resol tion =0H -alid 8o.H' as t%e a&&ro-al o) t%e $it%dra$al o) nominees -alid

8o '

RA$%O"1' T%e "ontro-ers/ in-ol-in, 6o+in is neit%er an ele"tion

&rotest nor an a"tion )or uo arranto ' It "on"erns a -er/&e" liar sit ation in $%i"% 6o+in is see+in, to !e seatedas t%e se"ond nominee o) CIBAC'a' 6o+in does not &ro&ose to o st a nominee o) anot%er

&art/ to determine $%i"% !et$een t%e de)eated and

$innin, &art/>list or,ani#ations a"t all/ o!tained t%ema8orit/ -ote' (e see+s to nseat anot%er nominee o) t%e same &art/>list or,ani#ation' As s "%. t%is is not anele"tion &rotest'

!' T%is is also not a uo arranto &ro"eedin, sin"e tdoes not in-ol-e t%e ineli,i!ilit/ and dislo/alt/ o) Cr #>Gon#ales to t%e Re& !li". or some ot%erdis* ali "ation'

"' 5ertiorari is t%e "orre"t remed/ to re-ie$ t%eresol tion in E'4' ;o' 0 >05H. & rs ant to +ection $

1rticle *9 1$ 5onstitution . no$ im&lemented !/ -ule

8/10/2019 [PubOff] [Nov 13]

13/29


:0$ -ules of 5ourt . $%i"% &ro-ides )or t%e re-ie$ o) t%e 8 d,ments. nal orders or resol tions o) t%e CO4E6ECand t%e Commission on A dit' R le H states t%at t%emode o) re-ie$ is !/ a &etition )or certiorari nder-ule 5. $it%in ?0 da/s'

2' T%e mere lin, o) se-eral "ases !ased on t%e samein"ident does not ne"essaril/ "onstit te )or m s%o&&in,'a' T%e test is $%et%er t%e a"tions in-ol-e t%e same

transa"tions and t%e same essential )a"ts and"ir" mstan"es' T%e a"tions m st raise identi"al "a seso) a"tion. s !8e"t matter. and iss es. i.e. . )or ms%o&&in, e:ists $%ere t%e elements o) litis pendentiaare &resent. or $%ere a nal 8 d,ment in one "ase $illamo nt to res ;udicata in t%e ot%er'

!' 6o+in led t%e &etition )or mandamus ar, in, t%atCO4E6EC %ad. &on a ndin, t%at CIBAC $as entitledto a se"ond seat. a ministerial d t/ to &ro"laim %im as

CO4E6EC s se"ond nominee'"' (e led t%e &et it ion )or certiorari to assail t%eresol tion t%e CO4E6EC o) E'4' ;o' 0 >05H and to"%allen,e t%e -alidit/ o) +ection &,$ -esolution 8o.

/%0 'd' T% s. t%e &etitions $ere !ased on di9erent "a ses o)

a"tion and see+s di9erent relie)s'?' +ection &,$ -esolution 8o. /%0 is in-alid !e"a se it adds

a ne$ ,ro nd )or s !stit tion not )o nd in -1 20& 'a' To !e -alid. t%e administrati-e IRRs m st "om&l/ $it%

t%e )ollo$in, re* isitesi ' I ts &rom l,ation m st !e a t%ori#ed !/ t%e

6e,islat reLii' It m st !e $it%in t%e s"o&e o) t%e a t%orit/ ,i-en !/t%e 6e,islat reL

iii' It m st !e &rom l,ated in a""ordan"e $it% t%e&res"ri!ed &ro"ed reL and

i-' It m st !e reasona!le'!' T%e CO4E6EC iss ed -esolution 8o. /%0 & rs ant to

its &o$ers nder t%e Constit tion. 'P 'lg. //& . and -120& (Party List +ystem 1ct) ' (en"e. t%e CO4E6EC met

t%e list or,ani#ation o) t%eri,%t to "%an,e its nominees or to alter t%e order o) nominees on"e t%e list is s !mitted to t%e CO4E6EC.e:"e&t in t%ree instan"esi' T%e nominee diesLii' T%e nominee $it%dra$s in $ritin, %is nominationL oriii' T%e nominee !e"omes in"a&a"itated'

)' T%e se o) t%e $ord ;o is indi"ati-e t%at t%ele,islati-e intent it to ma+e t%e stat te mandator/ and

ma/ onl/ !e o!e/ed !/ "om&letel/ re)rainin, )romdoin, t%e )or!idden a"t. s !8e"t to t%e e:"e&tions$%i"% t%e la$ itsel) &ro-ides'

,' 'ased on the deliberations of the 5ongress . t%e,eneral r le is t%at. on"e t%e list is s !mitted to t%eCO4E6EC. no more "%an,es s%o ld !e made in t%enames or in t%e order o) t%e nominees'

%' +ection / does not nd l/ de&ri-e t%e &art/>listor,ani#ation o) its ri,%t to "%oose its nominees. ! tmerel/ di-ests it o) t%e r ,%t to "%an,e or alter t%eorder a)ter s !mission'

i' T%e &ro%i!ition is not ar!itrar/ or "a&ri"io s. !e"a se

t%e CO4E6EC "an ri,%tl/ &res me t%at t%e list reMe"tst%e $ill o) t%e &art/>list or,ani#ation' 8' T%e & !li"ation o) t%e list allo$s t%e -oters to +no$

$%o t%e nominees are' Allo$in, "%an,es a)ters !mission ma/ "ir" m-ent t%is demand )ortrans&aren"/'

1 ;o "%an,e o) names or alteration o) t%e order o) nominees s%all !eallo$ed a)ter t%e same s%all %a-e !een s !mitted to t%e CO4E6EC e:"e&tin "ases $%ere t%e nominee dies. or $it%dra$s in $ritin, %is nomination.!e"omes in"a&a"itated in $%i"% "ase t%e name o) t%e s !stit te nominees%all !e &la"ed last in t%e list'

8/10/2019 [PubOff] [Nov 13]

14/29


+' The e3ceptions under +ection /$ -1 20& aree3clusive. %en t%e "ase does not )all $it%in t%ee:"e&tion. t%e ,eneral r le a&&lies'

l' +ection &,$ -esolution 8o. /%0 e:&anded t%ee:"e&tions !/ &ro-idin, t%at a nominee ma/ !e

s !stit ted $%en %is nomination is $it%dra$n !/ t%e&art/' T%is e:&ansion is e9e"ti-el/ an amendment o) an a"t o) Con,ress. $%i"% an administrati-e IRR "annotdo'

m'T%is is not a mere re$ordin, or re&%rasin, o) t%e la$)or a ne$ ,ro nd is t%ere!/ esta!lis%ed'

n' F rt%er. t%e ne$ ,ro nd "onMi"ts $it% t%e intent o) t%e6e,islat re to a-oid t%e ar!itrariness o) &art/>listor,ani#ations and ens re trans&aren"/ in t%e s/stem'

H' In -ie$ o) t%e n llit/ o) +ection &,$ -esolution /%0 . t%ea&&ro-al o) t%e $it%dra$al and s !stit tion is $it%o t an/le,al !asis'

#%SGon#alesann lled' Pro"lamation o) 6o+in ordered'

)ANA$ vs. COME&EC 1pril #&$ #%%2

5arpio$ ".Mica Maurinne M. 1dao

SU44AR Comele" a"tin, as ;ational Board o) Can-assersiss ed a Resol tion de"larin, , aranteed seats )or 1?&oliti"al &arties $%o arti"i&ated in t%e last 200 ele"tion' Int%e same resol tion. it $as de"lared t%at t%e Keterans r lin,$ill !e sed in t%e distri! tion o) additional seats' T%ismeans additional seats $ill !e ,i-en to t%ose $%o $ill ,et atleast 2Q -otes in relation to t%e ,arnered -otes o) t%e rst&art/ $%o ,ot t%e %i,%est -otes' P rs ant to t%e iss an"e o)said Resol tion. t%e led a Petition to Proclaim the =ull8umber of Party List -epresentatives Provided by the5onstitution led !/ BA;AT $as de"lared moot and

a"ademi"' (en"e. t%is &etition )or "ertiorari and mandam s'T%e iss es raised "an !e ,leaned )rom t%e SC r lin, as

&ro-ided in t%e do"trine &art3

DOCTRI;E

13 T%e 20Q allo"ation )or &art/>list re&resentati-esin Se"tion 5 23. Arti"le KI o) t%e Constit tion is a ceilingand it is not mandatory to seat limit in Se"tion 11 !3 o) RA list seat to ea"% o) t%e&arties ne:t in ran+ ntil all a-aila!le seats are"om&letel/ distri! ted'

Finall/. a&&l/ t%e t%ree>seat "a& to determine t%en m!er o) seats ea"% * ali ed &art/>list "andidate isentitled'

53 The 5onstitution did not prohibit ma8or &oliti"al &arties)rom &arti"i&atin, in t%e &art/>list ele"tions but by /voting$ the 5ourt decided that ma;or political partiesmust not be allo ed to participate in party list election.

T%e 1H 4a/ 200 ele"tions in"l ded t%e ele"tions )or t%e&art/>list re&resentati-es' T%e CO4E6EC "o nted

8/10/2019 [PubOff] [Nov 13]

15/29

8/10/2019 [PubOff] [Nov 13]

16/29


Comele". a"tin, as ;BC. de"lared t%e Petition led !/ Banatas moo an aca emic ' In t%at same &etition. BA;ATre"ommended. amon, ot%ers. t%at initiall/. all &art/>list,ro &s s%all !e ,i-en t%e n m!er o) seats "orres&ondin, toe-er/ 2Q o) t%e -otes t%e/ re"ei-ed and t%e additional seatss%all !e allo"ated in a""ordan"e $it% Se"t ion 12 o) RA list ,ro & in relation to t%e total nation$ide -otes"ast in t%e &art/>list ele"tion. a)ter ded "tin, t%e"orres&ondin, -otes o) t%ose $%i"% $ere allotted seats

nder t%e 2Q t%res%old r le'

(en"e. BA;AT led t%is &etition )or "ertiorari and mandam sassailin, t%e ;BC Resol tions'

Inte-enors Arts. B siness and S"ien"e Pro)essionals ABS3.Aan,at Ta/o AT3. Coalition o) Asso"iations o) Senior Citi#ensin t%e P%ils' Senior Citi#ens3'

%SS ES an R &%N8

13 Is t%e t$ent/ &er"ent allo"ation )or &art/>listre&resentati-es in Se"tion 5 23. Arti"le KI o) t%eConstit tion mandator/ or merel/ a "eilin, *t is aceiling and it is not mandatory to seat limit in Se"tion 11 !3 o) RA list

ele"tions I) not. "an t%e ma8or &oliti"al &arties!e !arred )rom &arti"i&atin, in t%e &art/>listele"tions The 5onstitution did not prohibit but by / voting$ the 5ourt decided that ma;or

political parties must not be allo ed to participate in party list election.

RA$%O"

P%ili&&ine>st/le &art/>list ele"tion %as at least )o rin-iola!le &arameters as "learl/ stated in 4eterans ' Foreas/ re)eren"e. t%ese are

13 t%e -en percen alloca ion V t%e "om!inedn m!er o) all &art/>list "on,ressmen s%all not e:"eedt$ent/ &er"ent o) t%e total mem!ers%i& o) t%e (o seo) Re&resentati-es. in"l din, t%ose ele"ted nder t%e&art/ listL

8/10/2019 [PubOff] [Nov 13]

17/29


23 t%e -o percen +res+ol V onl/ t%ose &arties,arnerin, a minim m o) t$o &er"ent o) t%e total -alid-otes "ast )or t%e &art/>list s/stem are * ali ed to%a-e a seat in t%e (o se o) Re&resentati-esL

?3 t%e +ree;sea limi V ea"% * ali ed &art/.

re,ardless o) t%e n m!er o) -otes it a"t all/o!tained. is entitled to a ma:im m o) t%ree seatsLt%at is. one * ali)/in, and t$o additional seatsL

H3 propor ional represen a ion V t%e additionalseats $%i"% a * ali ed &art/ is entitled to s%all !e"om& ted in &ro&ortion to t%eir total n m!er o) -otes'

1' ;eit%er t%e Constit tion nor R'A' ;o' & o) t%e entire 20Q allo"ation o) &art/>list

re&resentati-es )o nd in t%e Constit tion' T%e Constit tion.

in &ara,ra&% 1. Se"tion 5 o) Arti"le KI. le)t t%e determinationo) t%e n m!er o) t%e mem!ers o) t%e (o se o)Re&resentati-es to Con,ress T%e (o se o)Re&resentati-es s%all !e "om&osed o) not more t%an t$o% ndred and )t/ mem!ers. nless ot%er$ise :ed !/ la$. :: :' T%e 20Q allo"ation o) &art/>list re&resentati-es ismerel a ceilingB &art/>list re&resentati-es "annot !e moret%an 20Q o) t%e mem!ers o) t%e (o se o)Re&resentati-es' (o$e-er. $e "annot allo$ t%e "ontin ede:isten"e o) a &ro-ision in t%e la$ $%i"% $ill s/stemati"all/&re-ent t%e "onstit tionall/ allo"ated 20Q &art/>listre&resentati-es )rom !ein, lled'

The Formula Mandated by the Constitution Se"tion5 13. Arti"le o) t%e Constit tion and Se"tion 11 o) R'A' ;o'

0. 0: 0.20 D No. o sea s availa le o

par ;lis represen a ives

T%is )orm la allo$s )or t%e "orres&ondin, in"rease in t%en m!er o) seats a-aila!le )or &art/>list re&resentati-es$%ene-er a le,islati-e distri"t is "reated !/ la$' Usin, t%e)orm la. sin"e t%e 1H t% Con,ress o) t%e P%ili&&ines %as 220distri"t re&resentati-es. t%ere are 55 seats a-aila!le to

&art/>list re&resentati-es'

A)ter &res"ri!in, t%e ratio o) t%e n m!er o) &art/>listre&resentati-es to t%e total n m!er o) re&resentati-es. +eCons i u ion le +e manner o alloca ing +e sea savaila le o par ;lis represen a ives o +e -is omo +e legisla ure.

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

2' T%e t%ree>seat "a& is mandated !/ t%e Constit tion' T%et%ree>seat "a&. as a limitation to t%e n m!er o) seats t%at a* ali ed &art/>list or,ani#ation ma/ o"" &/. remains a -alidstat tor/ de-i"e t%at &re-ents an/ &art/ )rom dominatin,t%e &art/>list ele"tions'

>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

?' Se"tion 11 a3 o) R'A' ;o'

8/10/2019 [PubOff] [Nov 13]

18/29


o) -otes ,arnered !/ ea"% &art/ !/ 15.list "andidates' T%ose $%o ,arnered at least 2Q ,ets a, aranteed 1 seat'

Allo"ation o) additional seats a)ter ran+in, t%e &arties )rom%i,%est to lo$est3

First. t%e &er"enta,e o) -otes ,arnered is m lti&lied!/ t%e remainin, a-aila!le seats no' o) seatsa-aila!le J , aranteed seats3

Se"ond. assi,n one &art/>list seat to ea"% o) t%e&arties ne:t in ran+ ntil all a-aila!le seats are"om&letel/ distri! ted'

Finall/. a&&l/ t%e t%ree>seat "a& to determine t%e

n m!er o) seats ea"% * ali ed &art/>list "andidate isentitled'

>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

H. Participation of Major Political Parties in Party- ist!lections

T%e Constit tional Commission ado&ted a m lti>&art/s/stem t%at allo-e all poli ical par ies o par icipa ein +e par ;lis elec ions. Con,ress. in ena"tin, R'A';o' seat "a& to &re-ent an/ &art/ )romdominatin, t%e &art/>list ele"tions'

;eit%er t%e Constit tion nor R'A' ;o' lists/stem' On t%e "ontrar/. t%e )ramers o) t%e Constit tion"learl/ intended t%e ma8or &oliti"al &arties to &arti"i&ate in&art/>list ele"tions t%ro ,% t%eir se"toral $in,s' E:"l din,t%e ma8or &oliti"al &arties in &art/>list ele"tions is mani)estl/a,ainst t%e Constit tion. t%e intent o) t%e Constit tionalCommission. and R'A' ;o'

8/10/2019 [PubOff] [Nov 13]

19/29


Read to,et%er. R'A' ;o' list ele"tions'

A ong list ,ro &s and or,ani#ations ledse&arate &etitions totalin, 5H $it% t%e S &reme Co rt in an e9ortto re-erse -ario s resol tions !/ t%e Commission on Ele"tionsdis* ali)/in, t%em )rom t%e 4a/ 201? &art/>list ra"e' T%eCO4E6EC. in its assailed resol tions iss ed in O"to!er. ;o-em!erand De"em!er o) 2012. r led. amon, ot%ers. t%at t%ese &art/>list,ro &s and or,ani#ations )ailed to re&resent a mar,inali#ed and

nderre&resented se"tor. t%eir nominees do not "ome )rom amar,inali#ed and nderre&resented se"tor. and or some o) t%e

or,ani#ations or ,ro &s are not tr l/ re&resentati-e o) t%e se"tort%e/ intend to re&resent in Con,ress' Petitioners ar, ed t%at t%e&oll !od/ "ommitted ,ra-e a! se o) dis"retion in den/in, some o)

t%e &etitioners a&&li"ation )or a""reditation and "an"ellin, t%ee:istin, a""reditation o) t%e rest' T%e/ also assailedt%e &oll !od/ sdenial to a""ord t%em d e &ro"ess in t%e e-al ation &ro"eedin,s'

#OC$R%NE" T%e SC r led in )a-or o) t%e 5H &etitions andremanded t%ese &etitions to t%e CO4E6EC' T%e &art/>list ,ro &sand or,ani#ations "o-ered !/ t%e H1 &etitions t%at o!tainedmandator/ in8 n"tion orders )rom t%e %i,% "o rt still stand a"%an"e to ma+e it to t%e 201? &art/>list ra"e as t%e %i,% "o rtordered t%e &oll !od/ to determine $%et%er &etitioners are

* ali ed to re,ister nder t%e &art/>list s/stem and to &arti"i&atein t%e 1? 4a/ 201? &art/>list ele"tions nder t%e ne$ &arametersset )ort% in t%e De"ision' T%e rest. meanin,. t%e 1? ot%er &etitions.$ere remanded to t%e &oll !od/ merel/ )or & r&oses o)determinin, $%et%er t%e/ ma/ !e ,ranted a""reditation nder t%ene$ &arameters ! t ma/ not &arti"i&ate in t%e 4a/ 201? ele"tions'

T%e De"ision. %o$e-er. "lari ed t%at t%e &oll !od/ ma/ not !e)a lted )or a"tin, on t%e !asis o) &re-io s r lin,s 1ng 'agong'ayani and '181T 3 o) t%e SC re,ardin, t%e &art/>list s/stem' T%ese

earlier r lin,s en merated , idelines on $%o ma/ &arti"i&ate int%e &art/>list s/stem'

T%e SC &ointed o t t%at t%ere $as an in%erent in"onsisten"/ int%e 1ng 'agong 'ayani , idelines sin"e t%e re* irement t%at t%ema8or &oliti"al &arties s%o ld re&resent t%e mar,inali#ed and

nderre&resented se"tors essentiall/ a tomati"all/ dis* ali edt%ese ma8or &arties )rom t%e &art/>list s/stem'
http://sc.judiciary.gov.ph/jurisprudence/2009/april2009/179271.htm#_ftn34http://sc.judiciary.gov.ph/jurisprudence/2009/april2009/179271.htm#_ftn35http://sc.judiciary.gov.ph/jurisprudence/2009/april2009/179271.htm#_ftn34http://sc.judiciary.gov.ph/jurisprudence/2009/april2009/179271.htm#_ftn35

8/10/2019 [PubOff] [Nov 13]

20/29


As )or '181T . t%e SC said t%at t%e , idelines in t%is r lin, merel/)ormali#ed t%e &re-ailin, &ra"ti"e $%en it &ro%i!ited ma8or&oliti"al &arties )rom &arti"i&atin, in t%e &art/>list ele"tions e-en i)t%ro ,% t%eir allied se"toral or,ani#ations'

A$ON8 list s/stem13 national &arties or or,ani#ations. 23 re,ional &arties or

or,ani#ations. and ?3 se"toral &arties or or,ani#ations'

2' ;ational &arties or or,ani#ations and re,ional &arties oror,ani#ations do not need to or,ani#e alon, se"toral lines and donot need to re&resent an/ mar,inali#ed and nderre&resentedse"tor'

?' Politi"al &arties "an &arti"i&ate in &art/>list ele"tions &ro-idedt%e/ re,ister nder t%e &art/>list s/stem and do not eld"andidates in le,islati-e distri"t ele"tions' A &oliti"al &art/. $%et%erma8or or not. t%at elds "andidates in le,islati-e distri"t ele"tions"an &arti"i&ate in &art/>list ele"tions onl/ t%ro ,% its se"toral $in,t%at "an se&aratel/ re,ister nder t%e &art/>list s/stem' T%ese"toral $in, is !/ itsel) an inde&endent se"toral &art/. and islin+ed to a &oliti"al &art/ t%ro ,% a "oalition'

H' Se"toral &arties or or,ani#ations ma/ eit%er !e mar,inali#edand nderre&resented or la"+in, in $ell>de ned &oliti"al"onstit en"ies' It is eno ,% t%at t%eir &rin"i&al ad-o"a"/ &ertainsto t%e s&e"ial interest and "on"erns o) t%eir se"tor' T%e se"tors t%atare mar,inali#ed and nderre&resented in"l de la!or. &easant.

s%er)ol+. r!an &oor. indi,eno s " lt ral "omm nities.%andi"a&&ed. -eterans. and o-erseas $or+ers' T%e se"tors t%at

la"+ $ell>de ned &oliti"al "onstit en"ies in"l de &ro)essionals.t%e elderl/. $omen. and t%e /o t%'

5' A ma8orit/ o) t%e mem!ers o) se"toral &arties or or,ani#ationst%at re&resent t%e mar,inali#ed and nderre&resented m st!elon, to t%e mar,inali#ed and nderre&resented se"tor t%e/re&resent' Similarl/. a ma8orit/ o) t%e mem!ers o) se"toral &artiesor or,ani#ations t%at la"+ $ell>de ned &oliti"al "onstit en"iesm st !elon, to t%e se"tor t%e/ re&resent' T%e nominees o) se"toral&arties or or,ani#ations t%at re&resent t%e mar,inali#ed and

nderre&resented. or t%at re&resent t%ose $%o la"+ $ell>de ned&oliti"al "onstit en"ies. eit%er m st !elon, to t%eir res&e"ti-ese"tors. or m st %a-e a tra"+ re"ord o) ad-o"a"/ )or t%eirres&e"ti-e se"tors' T%e nominees o) national and re,ional &artiesor or,ani#ations m st !e !ona> de mem!ers o) s "% &arties or

or,ani#ations'

' ;ational. re,ional. and se"toral &arties or or,ani#ations s%all not!e dis* ali ed i) some o) t%eir nominees are dis* ali ed. &ro-idedt%at t%e/ %a-e at least one nominee $%o remains * ali ed'

'AC$S"Fi)t/ t$o &art/>list ,ro &s and or,ani#ations assailed t%e

Resol tions iss ed !/ CO4E6EC dis* ali)/in, t%em )rom&arti"i&atin, in t%e 4a/ 201? &art/>list ele"tions. eit%er !/ denialo) t%eir &etitions )or re,istration nder t%e &art/>list s/stem. or"an"ellation o) t%eir re,istration and a""reditation as &art/>listor,ani#ations'

Reasons ,i-en !/ CO4E6EC1' Fail re to satis)/ t%e t$o "riteria a3 t%at all national.

re,ional. and se"toral ,ro &s or or,ani#ations m st re&resent t%emar,inali#ed and nderre&resented se"tors. and !3 all nominees

8/10/2019 [PubOff] [Nov 13]

21/29


m st !elon, to t%e mar,inali#ed and nderre&resented se"tort%e/ re&resent'

2' As &oliti"al or re,ional &arties. t%e/ are not or,ani#edalon, se"toral lines and do not re&resent t%e mar,inali#ed and

nderre&resented'?' Petitioners nominees $%o do not !elon, to t%e se"tors

t%e/ re&resent $ere dis* ali ed. alt%o ,% t%e/ ma/ %a-e a tra"+re"ord o) ad-o"a"/ )or t%eir se"tors'H' ;ominees o) non>se"toral &arties $ere dis* ali ed

!e"a se t%e/ do not !elon, to an/ se"tor'5' A &art/ $as dis* ali ed !e"a se one or more o) its

nominees )ailed to * ali)/. e-en i) t%e &art/ %as at least oneremainin, * ali ed nominee'

%SS E"

1. Did CO4E6EC "ommit ,ra-e a! se o) dis"retion in dis* ali)/in,&etitioners )rom &arti"i&atin, in t%e 4a/ 201? ele"tions NO ;oGAD in )ollo$in, t%e &re-ailin, de"isions o) t%e SC in dis* ali)/in,

&etitioners' BUT t%e SC remanded to t%e CO4E6EC all &etitions )ort%e CO4E6EC to determine $%o are * ali ed nder t%e ;EPARA4ETERS set !/ t%e &resent "ase'3

2. JRE&E(AN$K S%o ld t%e An, Ba,on, Ba/ani and BA;AT "riteria)or &arti"i&atin, in t%e &art/>list s/stem !e a&&lied !/ t%eCO4E6EC in t%e "omin, 4a/ 201? &art/>list ele"tions NO '

RA$%O"

I' =-1M@-+ *8T@8T ' T%e )ramers o) t%e 1list s/stem. to in"l de not onl/ se"toral &arties ! t alsonon>se"toral &arties'

A' Commissioner Killa"orta Politi"al &arties "an &arti"i&atein t%e &art/>list s/stem )or as lon, as t%e/ eld "andidates $%o"ome )rom t%e di9erent mar,inali#ed se"tors t%at t%e Constit tions%all desi,nate'

B' T%e )ramers o) t%e Constit tion -oted do$n. 122. a&ro&osal to reser-e &ermanent seats to se"toral &arties in t%e (oR.or alternati-el/. to reser-e t%e &art/>list s/stem e:"l si-el/ tose"toral &arties' Instead. t%e reser-ation o) seats to se"toralre&resentati-es $as onl/ allo$ed )or t%e rst ? "onse" ti-e terms'

C' Common denominator !et$een se"toral and non>se"toral &arties T%e/ "annot e:&e"t to $in in le,islati-e distri"tele"tions ! t t%e/ "an ,arner. in national ele"tions. at least t%esame n m!er o) -otes t%at $innin, "andidates "an ,arner inle,islati-e distri"t ele"tions'

II' T@9TB1L 181L7+*+ = TC@ 5 8+T*TBT* 8 ' T%e intent to in"l de!ot% se"toral and non>se"toral &arties is "learl/ $ritten in Se"'5 132 . Art' KI o) t%e Constit tion'

A' T%e "ommas a)ter t%e $ords national. and re,ional.se&arate national and re,ional &arties )rom se"toral &arties' (adt%e )ramers o) t%e 1

8/10/2019 [PubOff] [Nov 13]

22/29


C' 4oreo-er. Se"tion 5 23 ? . Arti"le KI o) t%e 1list re&resentati-es. ne,atin, t%e idea t%at t%e

&art/>list s/stem is e:"l si-el/ )or se"toral &arties'

Se"ond. t%e reser-ation o) Y o) t%e seats to se"toral&arties a&&lies onl/ )or t%e rst t%ree "onse" ti-e terms a)ter t%erati "ation o) t%e Constit tion. "learl/ ma+in, t%e &art/>list s/stem) ll/ o&en a)ter t%e end o) t%e rst t%ree "on,ressional terms' T%ismeans t%at. a)ter t%is &eriod. t%ere $ill !e no seats reser-ed )oran/ "lass or t/&e o) &art/ t%at * ali es nder t%e t%ree ,ro &s"onstit tin, t%e &art/>list s/stem'

III' T@9TB1L 181L7+*+ = -1 20& 0 (Party List +ystem 1ct) ' T%ela$ t%at im&lements t%e &art/>list s/stem san"tions t%e&arti"i&ation o) non>se"toral &arties in t%e &art/>list s/stem'

? Se"tion 5 23' T%e &art/>list re&resentati-es s%all "onstit te t$ent/ &er"ent m o) t%e total n m!er o) re&resentati-es in"l din, t%ose nder t%e&art/ list' For t%ree "onse" ti-e terms a)ter t%e rati "ation o) t%isConstit tion. one>%al) o) t%e seats allo"ated to &art/>list re&resentati-ess%all !e lled. as &ro-ided !/ la$. !/ sele"tion or ele"tion )rom t%e la!or.&easant. r!an &oor. indi,eno s " lt ral "omm nities. $omen. /o t%. ands "% ot%er se"tors as ma/ !e &ro-ided !/ la$. e:"e&t t%e reli,io s se"tor'

H Se"tion ?' De nition o) Terms' a3 T%e &art/>list s/stem is a me"%anism o)&ro&ortional re&resentation in t%e ele"tion o) re&resentati-es to t%e (o seo) Re&resentati-es )rom national. re,ional and se"toral &arties oror,ani#ations or "oalitions t%ereo) re,istered $it% t%e Commission onEle"tions CO4E6EC3' Com&onent &arties or or,ani#ations o) a "oalitionma/ &arti"i&ate inde&endentl/ &ro-ided t%e "oalition o) $%i"% t%e/ )orm&art does not &arti"i&ate in t%e &art/>list s/stem'

!3 A &art/ means eit%er a &oliti"al &art/ or a se"toral &art/ or a"oalition o) &arties'

"3 A &oliti"al &art/ re)ers to an or,ani#ed ,ro & o) "iti#ensad-o"atin, an ideolo,/ or &lat)orm. &rin"i&les and &oli"ies )or t%e ,eneral"ond "t o) ,o-ernment and $%i"%. as t%e most immediate means o)se" rin, t%eir ado&tion. re, larl/ nominates and s &&orts "ertain o) itsleaders and mem!ers as "andidates )or & !li" o@"e'

d3 A se"toral &art/ re)ers to an or,ani#ed ,ro & o) "iti#ens!elon,in, to an/ o) t%e se"tors en merated in Se"tion 5 %ereo) $%ose

A' Se"tion ? a3 o) R'A' ;o' oriented &arties )rom t%e &art/>lists/stem' To &arti"i&ate in t%e &art/>list s/stem. it is s @"ient t%att%e &oliti"al &art/ "onsists o) "iti#ens $%o ad-o"ate t%e sameideolo,/ or &lat)orm. or t%e same ,o-ernan"e &rin"i&les and&oli"ies. re,ardless o) t%eir e"onomi" stat s as "iti#ens'

C' Se"tion 5 o) R'A' ;o'

8/10/2019 [PubOff] [Nov 13]

23/29


D' Se"tion 5 o) R'A' ;o'

8/10/2019 [PubOff] [Nov 13]

24/29


in rmit/' It is s @"ient t%at one. or %is or %er se"tor. is !elo$ t%emiddle "lass' 4ore s&e"i "all/. t%e e"onomi"all/ mar,inali#ed and

nderre&resented are t%ose $%o )all in t%e lo$ in"ome ,ro & as"lassi ed !/ t%e ;ational Statisti"al Coordination Board'

T%e re"o,nition t%at national and re,ional &arties. as $ell

as se"toral &arties o) &ro)essionals. t%e elderl/. $omen and t%e/o t%. need not !e mar,inali#ed and nderre&resented $ill allo$small ideolo,/>!ased and "a se>oriented &arties $%o la"+ $ell>de ned &oliti"al "onstit en"ies a "%an"e to $in seats in t%e (o seo) Re&resentati-es'

On t%e ot%er %and. limitin, to t%e mar,inali#ed andnderre&resented t%e sec oral &arties )or la!or. &easant.s%er)ol+. r!an &oor. indi,eno s " lt ral "omm nities.

%andi"a&&ed. -eterans. o-erseas $or+ers. and ot%er se"tors t%at!/ t%eir nat re are e"onomi"all/ at t%e mar,ins o) so"iet/. $ill ,i-et%e mar,inali#ed and nderre&resented an o&&ort nit/ toli+e$ise $in seats in t%e (o se o) Re&resentati-es'

T%is inter&retation $ill %armoni#e t%e 1listele"tions onl/ t%ro ,% t%eir se"toral $in,s'

T%e &arti"i&ation o) ma8or &oliti"al &arties t%ro ,% t%eirse"toral $in,s. a ma8orit/ o) $%ose mem!ers are mar,inali#edand nderre&resented or la"+in, in $ell>de ned &oliti"al"onstit en"ies. $ill )a"ilitate t%e entr/ o) t%e mar,inali#ed and

nderre&resented and t%ose $%o la"+ $ell>de ned &oliti"al"onstit en"ies as mem!ers o) t%e (o se o) Re&resentati-es' T%e1list nominee onem st eit%er !elon, to t%e se"tor re&resented. or %a-e a tra"+re"ord o) ad-o"a"/ )or s "% se"tor'

8/10/2019 [PubOff] [Nov 13]

25/29


#T$%& P#& #'M P#(#M!T!()

T%e SC s s&ended its r le t%at a &art/ ma/ a&&eal to t%e SC )romde"isions or orders o) t%e CO4E6EC onl/ i) t%e CO4E6EC"ommitted GAD'

T%e SC remanded all t%e &resent &etitions to t%e CO4E6EC' Indeterminin, $%o ma/ &arti"i&ate in t%e "omin, 1? 4a/ 201? ands !se* ent &art/>list ele"tions. t%e CO4E6EC s%all ad%ere to t%e)ollo$in, &arameters

1' T%ree di9erent ,ro &s ma/ &arti"i&ate in t%e &art/>list s/stem13 national &arties or or,ani#ations. 23 re,ional &arties or

or,ani#ations. and ?3 se"toral &arties or or,ani#ations'

2' ;ational &arties or or,ani#ations and re,ional &arties oror,ani#ations do not need to or,ani#e alon, se"toral lines and donot need to re&resent an/ mar,inali#ed and nderre&resentedse"tor'

?' Politi"al &arties "an &arti"i&ate in &art/>list ele"tions &ro-idedt%e/ re,ister nder t%e &art/>list s/stem and do not eld"andidates in le,islati-e distri"t ele"tions' A &oliti"al &art/. $%et%erma8or or not. t%at elds "andidates in le,islati-e distri"t ele"tions"an &arti"i&ate in &art/>list ele"tions onl/ t%ro ,% its se"toral $in,t%at "an se&aratel/ re,ister nder t%e &art/>list s/stem' T%ese"toral $in, is !/ itsel) an inde&endent se"toral &art/. and islin+ed to a &oliti"al &art/ t%ro ,% a "oalition'

H' Se"toral &arties or or,ani#ations ma/ eit%er !e mar,inali#edand nderre&resented or la"+in, in $ell>de ned &oliti"al"onstit en"ies' It is eno ,% t%at t%eir &rin"i&al ad-o"a"/ &ertainsto t%e s&e"ial interest and "on"erns o) t%eir se"tor' T%e se"tors t%atare mar,inali#ed and nderre&resented in"l de la!or. &easant.

s%er)ol+. r!an &oor. indi,eno s " lt ral "omm nities.%andi"a&&ed. -eterans. and o-erseas $or+ers' T%e se"tors t%atla"+ $ell>de ned &oliti"al "onstit en"ies in"l de &ro)essionals.t%e elderl/. $omen. and t%e /o t%'

5' A ma8orit/ o) t%e mem!ers o) se"toral &arties or or,ani#ationst%at re&resent t%e mar,inali#ed and nderre&resented m st!elon, to t%e mar,inali#ed and nderre&resented se"tor t%e/re&resent' Similarl/. a ma8orit/ o) t%e mem!ers o) se"toral &artiesor or,ani#ations t%at la"+ $ell>de ned &oliti"al "onstit en"ies

m st !elon, to t%e se"tor t%e/ re&resent' T%e nominees o) se"toral&arties or or,ani#ations t%at re&resent t%e mar,inali#ed and

nderre&resented. or t%at re&resent t%ose $%o la"+ $ell>de ned&oliti"al "onstit en"ies. eit%er m st !elon, to t%eir res&e"ti-ese"tors. or m st %a-e a tra"+ re"ord o) ad-o"a"/ )or t%eirres&e"ti-e se"tors' T%e nominees o) national and re,ional &arties

or or,ani#ations m st !e !ona> de mem!ers o) s "% &arties oror,ani#ations'

' ;ational. re,ional. and se"toral &arties or or,ani#ations s%all not!e dis* ali ed i) some o) t%eir nominees are dis* ali ed. &ro-idedt%at t%e/ %a-e at least one nominee $%o remains * ali ed' R &%N8" (EREFORE. all t%e &resent 5H &etitions are GRA;TED'

T%e 1? &etitions. $%i"% %a-e !een ,ranted Stat s \ o Ante Orders! t $it%o t mandator/ in8 n"tion to in"l de t%e names o) &etitioners in t%e &rintin, o) !allots. are remanded to t%eCommission on Ele"tions onl/ )or determination $%et%er&etitioners are * ali ed to re,ister nder t%e &art/>list s/stem

nder t%e &arameters &res"ri!ed in t%is De"ision ! t t%e/ s%all not&arti"i&ate in t%e 1? 4a/ 201? &art>list ele"tions' T%e H1 &etitions.$%i"% %a-e !een ,ranted mandator/ in8 n"tions to in"l de t%enames o) &etitioners in t%e &rintin, o) !allots. are remanded to t%eCommission on Ele"tions )or determination $%et%er &etitioners are* ali ed to re,ister nder t%e &art/>list s/stem and to &arti"i&atein t%e 1? 4a/ 201? &art/>list ele"tions nder t%e &arameters&res"ri!ed in t%is De"ision' T%e Commission on Ele"tions ma/"ond "t s mmar/ e-identiar/ %earin,s )or t%is & r&ose' T%isDe"ision is immediatel/ e:e" tor/'

Concurrin" and *issentin" $pinion by CJ )ereno

T%e &la"e o) t%e &art/>list s/stem in t%e "onstit tional s"%eme $ast%at it &ro-ided )or t%e reali#ation o) t%e ideals on so"ial 8 sti"e int%e &oliti"al arena'

*issentin" opinion +as re"ards the , nd and th parametersenunciated by J. Carpio also as to the alle"ed violation of)ec. /0 #rt. 12-C of the Constitution3

+econd parameterE 8ational parties or organiFations and regional parties or organiFations do not need to organiFe along sectoral

8/10/2019 [PubOff] [Nov 13]

26/29


lines and do not need to represent any GmarginaliFed andunderrepresentedG sector.

C7 Sereno1' =irst . sin"e t%e &art/>list s/stem is &rimaril/ a tool )or so"ial

8 sti"e. t%e standard o) mar,inali#ed and nderre&resented

nder Se"tion 2 m st !e deemed to * ali)/ national. re,ional andse"toral &arties or or,ani#ations' To ar, e ot%er$ise is to di-or"enational and re,ional &arties or or,ani#ations )rom t%e &rimar/o!8e"ti-e o) attainin, so"ial 8 sti"e. $%i"% o!8e"ti-e s rro nds.&ermeates. im! es. and nderlies t%e entiret/ o) !ot% t%e 1oriented &arties. $%o "annot $in in le,islati-e distri"tele"tions. )rom &arti"i&atin, in t%e &art/>list s/stem'

5" +ereno T%e error %ere is to "on"l de t%at s "% ideolo,/>!asedor "a se>oriented &arties are ne"essaril/ non mar,inali#ed or

nderre&resented. $%i"% $o ld in t rn de&end on %o$mar,inali#ation and nderre&resentation is de ned' T%e

ponencia a&&ears to !e o&eratin, nder a &re"on"ei-ed notiont%at mar,inali#ed and nderre&resented re)ers onl/ to t%ose

e"onomi"all/ mar,inali#ed' (o$e-er. t%ere is no need )or t%isCo rt to de ne t%e &%rase mar,inali#ed and nderre&resented.&rimaril/ !e"a se it alread/ "onstit tes s @"ient le,islati-estandard to , ide t%e CO4E6EC as an administrati-e a,en"/ in t%ee:er"ise o) its dis"retion to determine t%e * ali "ation o) a &art/>list ,ro &'

=' =ourth . t%e ponencia %olds t%at )ail re o) national and re,ional&arties to re&resent t%e mar,inali#ed and nderre&resented is nota ,ro nd )or t%e CO4E6EC to re) se or "an"el re,istration nderSe"tion o) RA

8/10/2019 [PubOff] [Nov 13]

27/29

8/10/2019 [PubOff] [Nov 13]

28/29


de"larin, ntr t%) l statements in its &etition as a ,ro nd )ordis* ali "ation'

2' As re,ards t%e se"ond * ali "ation one o) t%e t%ree nomineesremains * ali ed3. &art/>list ,ro &s s%o ld %a-e at least one* ali ed nominee amon, its to& t%ree nominees )or it to !e

allo$ed to &arti"i&ate in t%e ele"tions' T%is is !e"a se i) all o) itsto& t%ree nominees are dis* ali ed. e-en i) its re,istration is not"an"elled and is t% s allo$ed to &arti"i&ate in t%e ele"tions. ands%o ld it o!tain t%e re* ired n m!er o) -otes to $in a seat. it$o ld still %a-e no one to re&resent it. !e"a se t%e la$ does notallo$ t%e ,ro & to re&la"e its dis* ali ed nominee t%ro ,%s !stit tion' T%is is a ne"essar/ "onse* en"e o) a&&l/in, Se"tions1? in relation to Se"tion = o) R'A' ;o'

8/10/2019 [PubOff] [Nov 13]

29/29


"ontests relatin, to t%e ele"tion. ret rns. and * ali "ations o) t%eirres&e"ti-e 4em!ers'''

A more s&e"i " &ro-ision in t%e Constit tion $it% res&e"t todis* ali)/in, re,istered &oliti"al &art/ list ,ro &s s%o ld &re-ailo-er t%e more ,eneral &o$ers o) t%e CO4E6EC to en)or"e and

administer ele"tion la$s' Besides. t%at t%e (RET is t%e sole 8 d,e"learl/ s%o$s t%at t%e "onstit tional intention is to e:"l de all t%erest'

J. eonen8s #lternative Parameters=irst . t%e &art/ list s/stem in"l des national. re,ional and se"toral&arties and or,ani#ationsL

+econd . t%ere is no need to s%o$ t%at t%e/ re&resent t%emar,inali#ed and nderre&resented ' (o$e-er. t%e/ $ill %a-e to

"learl/ s%o$ %o$ t%eir &lans $ill im&a"t on t%e mar,inali#ed andnderre&resented ' S%o ld t%e &art/ list ,ro & &re)er to re&resent

a se"tor. t%en o r r lin,s in An, Ba,on, Ba/ani and BA;AT $ill

a&&l/ to t%emLThird . t%e &arties or or,ani#ations t%at &arti"i&ate in t%e &art/ lists/stem m st not also !e a &arti"i&ant in t%e ele"tion o) re&resentati-es )or t%e le,islati-e distri"ts' In ot%er $ords. &oliti"al&arties t%at eld "andidates )or le,islati-e distri"ts "annot also&arti"i&ate in t%e &art/ list s/stemL

=ourth . t%e &arties or or,ani#ations m st %a-e &oliti"al &lat)orms, ided !/ a -ision o) so"iet/. an nderstandin, o) %istor/. astatement o) t%eir &%iloso&%ies and %o$ t%is translates intorealisti" &oliti"al &lat)ormsL

=ifth . t%e &arties or or,ani#ations>>not onl/ t%e nominees>>m st%a-e "on"rete and -eri a!le tra"+ re"ord o) &oliti"al &arti"i&ations%o$in, t%eir translation o) t%eir &oliti"al &lat)orms into a"tionL

+i3th . t%e &arties or or,ani#ations t%at a&&l/ )or re,istration m st!e or,ani#ed solel/ )or t%e & r&ose o) &arti"i&atin, in ele"torale:er"isesL

+eventh . t%e/ m st %a-e e:isted )or a "onsidera!le &eriod. s "% ast%ree ?3 /ears. &rior to t%eir re,istration' it%in t%at &eriod t%e/s%o ld !e a!le to s%o$ "on"rete a"ti-ities t%at are in line $it% t%eir&oliti"al &lat)ormsL

@ighth . t%e/ m st %a-e s "% n m!ers in t%eir a"t al a"ti-emem!ers%i& roster so as to !e a!le to mo nt a "redi!le "am&ai,n)or & r&ose o) enti"in, t%eir a dien"e national. re,ional orse"toral3 )or t%eir ele"tionL

8inth . a s !stantial n m!er o) t%ese mem!ers m st %a-e&arti"i&ated in t%e &oliti"al a"ti-ities o) t%e or,ani#ationL

Tenth . t%e &art/ list ,ro & m st %a-e a ,o-ernin, str "t re t%at isnot onl/ demo"rati"all/ ele"ted ! t also one $%i"% is notdominated !/ t%e nominees t%emsel-esL

@leventh . t%e nominees o) t%e &oliti"al &art/ m st !e sele"tedt%ro ,% a trans&arent and demo"rati" &ro"essL

T elfth . t%e so r"e o) t%e ) ndin, and ot%er reso r"es sed !/ t%e&art/ or or,ani#ation m st !e "lear and s%o ld not &oint to a )e$dominant "ontri! tors s&e"i "all/ o) indi-id als $it% )amilies t%atare or %a-e &arti"i&ated in t%e ele"tions )or re&resentati-es o) le,islati-e distri"tsL

Thirteenth . t%e &oliti"al &art/ or &art/ list or,ani#ation m st !ea!le to $in $it%in t%e t$o ele"tions s !se* ent to t%eirre,istrationL

=ourteenth . t%e/ m st not es&o se -iolen"eL and

=ifteenth . t%e &art/ list ,ro & is not a reli,io s or,ani#ation'

Date post:	02-Jun-2018
Category:	Documents
Upload:	homer
View:	221 times
Download:	0 times

[PubOff] [Nov 13]

Documents