Pump Turbine New Capabilities DOE Webinar

Pump Turbine New CapabilitiesDOE Webinar

April 9th, 2021

Turbine Pump new capabilities April 9th 2021 - Page 2

Pump Turbine New Capabilities

1. Runner hydraulic/mechanical design -> low load

operation

2. Power electronics, Frequency converters

3. Increased Flexibility with variable speed, and low load

4. Increased Reactivity with fast mode changes

Confidential. Not to be copied, distributed, or reproduced without prior approval.

1. Runner hydraulic/mechanical design -> low

load operation




Physics Monitoring Damage hill chart

Flexibility : extended operating zone


Design improvement

~40% reduction of dynamic stress at calculated point

No performance sacrifice

Design assessed using numerical & experimental means

→ significant lifetime improvement


2. Power electronics – frequency converters


PSP System Technologies

SMPT SMPTPT ASM SMT P SMPT SMT

PSP system technologies : 50 to 450 MW & 150 ft to 4000 ft

Reversible Fixed

speed

Variable speed

Double fed QuaternaryTernary

Variable speed

Fully fed

150 to 450 MW < 150 MW < 150 MW


Frequency converters – variable speed

Converter Module

Reactors


3. Flexibility & Reactivity


Increased Flexibility and Reactivity

• Flexibility :

New runner design & other components

-> Low load safe turbine operation

Variable Speed :

-> Pump power variation

-> Turbine operation away from the “S”

• Reactivity : -> Pump and turbine start sequences

-> Dewatering and synchronous condenser

-> Fast mode changes


PSH Flexibility Operational Range

100 %

-100 %

0 %

Fix

ed

sp

ee

d

Va

r sp

ee

d

Po

we

r va

ria

tio

n

Qu

ate

rna

ryP

um

pH

SC

Pu

mp

HS

C

Pu

mp

Pu

mp

• Fixed speed :

Turbine flexibility 50% load

Pump fixed speed characteristics

• Variable speed :

Double fed rotor

Fully fed stator

• Pump fast start (watered)

•Hydraulic short circuit

Te

rna

ry


Hydraulic short circuit

PUMP TURBINE


4. Increased Reactivity with fast mode changes


PSP start & transfer typical times

Reversible PT

Fixed speed

Reversible PT

Variable speedDoubly-fed

Reversible PT

Variable speedFully-fed

QuaternaryFixed speed Francis

FF Pump

Standstill

Pumpfull-load

Turbinefull-load

T-Condenser P-Condenser

60

6060

**

30*30*

230

180

190

170

1*

1*

220*

120*

120

110

30

120

250

130

40

220

500

400

40

120

205

210

40

30

220

210

200

180

1*

1*

6060

6060

**

150

120

30

30

300

280

40

30

All time in seconds

60

• Converter operation as STATCOM only (w/o motor-

generator operation)

Time indications rely on different plant references.

Simulation for Fully fed.

Hydraulic

Short circuit

30

120

30

30

1*

1*

* *

90

70

Gilboa project demand : /2 typical transition times


Gilboa illustration :Validation on the real machine

Gilboa’s normal startup takes approximately 90 seconds to go from 0 to 100% power while a

fast startup takes only 70 seconds or less

Further tests on prototype → down to 35 s.

Optimized start-up of Gilboa in generation mode with conventional

distributor control algorithm.

Speed rise and synchro Power ramp-up

rotation speed (%)

guide vane opening (%)

120

80

30

-20


Variable speed – fast power set point

Inertia energy transfer to the grid : power step

Source : IEEE PES General Meeting, Emilia Nobile, Gökhan Sari and Alexander Schwery,, Variable Speed Hydro Pumped Storage as Flexible Enabler of Intermittent Renewable Penetration, 2018


Variable speed – fast power set point

Inertia energy transfer to the grid : frequency following, over a fixed time (10 seconds)

Source : IEEE PES General Meeting, Emilia Nobile, Gökhan Sari and Alexander Schwery,, Variable Speed Hydro Pumped Storage as Flexible Enabler of Intermittent Renewable Penetration, 2018


Presentation Title

Pump start

Turbine Stop

Quaternary – fast HSC transition30 seconds Pump Hydraulic torque

Turbine Hydraulic torqueSNL – Zero Hydraulic torque


Backup Slides


Reversible single stage pump-turbine

Pump-Turbine


Pelton Turbine

3-stage pump

Ternary unit


Quaternary unit

Francis Turbine3-stage pump


FRANCE

REVIN*

▪ 4 x 200 MW

▪ 240 m head, 300 rpm

▪ Retrofit

PORTUGAL

ALQUEVA II

▪ 2 x 130 MW

▪ 72 m head, 428.6 rpm

SALAMONDE II

▪ 1 x 209 MW

▪ 115 m head, 166.7 rpm

INDIA

TEHRI*

▪ 4 x 250 MW

▪ 188 m head, 231 rpm (+/-6%)

▪ Variable Speed

CHINA

QIONGZHONG

▪ 3 x 200 MW

▪ 308 m head, 375 rpm

HOHHOT

▪ 4 x 306 MW

▪ 521 m, 500 rpm

PUSHIHE

▪ 4 x 306 MW

▪ 308 m, 333.3 rpm

JINZHAI*

▪ 4 x 300 MW

▪ 330 m, 333 rpm

ISRAEL

KOKHAV HAYARDEN*

▪ 2 x 150 MW

▪ 409 m head, 600 rpm

▪ Equipment + O&M

GILBOA*

▪ 2 x 150 MW

▪ 430 m head, 750 rpm

▪ Equipment + O&M

USA

CABIN CREEK*

▪ 2 x 162 MW

▪ 363 m head, 360 rpm

▪ Retrofit

SOUTH KOREA

SAMRANGJIN*

▪ 2 x 340 MW

▪ 345 m head, 300 rpm

▪ Retrofit

GE Renewable Energy’s key Pumped Hydro Storage projects

* Projects under construction

AUSTRIA

MALTA*

▪ 2 x 60➔80 MW

▪ Motor Generator, 240-550 rpm

▪ Conversion to Fully Fed

Variable Speed

Currently adding ~4 GW of GE’s hydro storage projects

including ~2 GW with variable speed technology

SWITZERLAND

NANT DE DRANCE*

▪ 6 x 150 MW

▪ 311 m head, 429 rpm (+/-7%)

▪ Variable Speed

LINTH-LIMMERN

▪ 4 x 250 MW

▪ 623 m head, 500 rpm (+/-6%)

▪ Variable Speed


Alqueva II, PortugalHigher flexibility thanks to hydraulic design improvement

Operator: EDP

Output: 520 MW (Alqueva I & II)

Head: 71 m

Speed : 136 rpm

Turbine technology: Single-stage

Generator technology: fixed speed

Scope:

• 4 x 130 MW pump turbines & motor generators

• Control & excitation systems

• Hydro-mechanical equipment

• Erection & commissioning

Commercial operation: 2013

Challenge

Integration of intermittent renewables at the grid

periphery requires new operation modes, with higher

flexibility and wider operating range

GE Solution

• Improved low head design thanks to advances in

computer modeling and CFD technology

• New hydraulic design allowing a shift in the

performance hill towards the new needs of

operation especially full load in turbine mode

+37% Continuous

operating range

+50% Total

operating range


Linth-Limmern, SwitzerlandVariable speed technology to regulate power

+80% Overall cycle

efficiency

700 msingle stage pump

turbine

↓ civil works costs

Power adjustment, even

when the plant

consumes electricity, to

pump water up to the

upper reservoir

Operator: Kraftwerk Linth-Limmern AG

Output: 1000 MW

Head: 700 m

Speed : 500 rpm


Generator technology: variable speed double-fed

induction machines

Scope

• 4 x 250 MW variable speed pump turbines

• 4 x 280 MVA variable speed motor generators

• Power electronics (SPMAX)

Challenge

Supply electricity in peak consumption hours and

ensure grid reliability in a changing energy mix (↓of

baseload fossil-fueled power plants)

GE Solution

SPMax: getting the best out of variable speed

technology

• Improve availability

• Optimize hydraulic efficiency or electric power

reactivity

• Reactive power control, virtual inertia


Gilboa, IsraelHigher flexibility to integrate renewables in an island grid

<70 sectransition

from standstill to

full generation

18 year O&M contract

Operator: PSP Investment Ltd

Output: 300 MW

Head: 500 m

Speed : 750 rpm


Generator technology: fixed speed

Scope

• 2 x 150 MW pump turbines & motor generators

• Main Inlet Valves

• Hydromechanical Gates

• Mechanical BOP

• Electrical BOP

• Control System with cybersecurity

Challenge

Isolated grid needing power independence and strong

reliability for the installation of the 1st PSP in the

country, managed by private investor

GE Solution

Full turnkey solution

Electromechanical equipment contract incl.

Engineering, Procurement and Construction

Full Operation and Maintenance for :

• Improved performance

• Reduced operational risks

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